CRIME 7 3'1: P. H. BRYCE. HIJL. NLD. BEING APPEAL FOR Jus'nca TOTIIE . . u: 1 . .21" . FF-JE- - ?63. 151??, A . - 1 he: STORY 01,? A NATIONAL came 1 . BEING A - - i genera of the Health Conditions of the Indians 1- of Canada, from 1904 to 1921 . . - ?e1r?- DR. 13. H. entree. M. M. n. cut-1mm meme: the Indian Department. I. By Order in Uenne?il dated Jan. 22nd. 1904, the writer was enema Medical Inspector to the Department of the Interior . at Indian ethane, and. was entrusted with the health intereete Indiane' ef?enn?a. The Order in Council recites A ?The-undersigned 11%! the honour to report that. there is urgent -- in: the appointment)! a medical inePEeter to: represent the 91" theln'te?er Department at Indian Affairs. The un- believed that the quali?cations to: the petition shove men- tn an eminent degree by Mr. Peter Hehdemn - . E, It peanut-and tor a number at ymepaetaeerem fer the "nine-11th at Out?t-in. and who has had large ea:? the public health-a1 the . . them-{gin o?f um Indinn'?ehoeln, of the unitary {ii schools and atutishiu at the health. of puma, 4; years of their existence. Regarding the health or! the report stem theta! per cent. of all. the pupils mhieh hail the nuke-ole were-known to he ?end, while of 1m 1' File Hills rename. which gave a eomplete return in T5 not -V eent. were dead u: the and of the 16 Brie?y the reeummenda?ohs urged. (1) .Greater famji?es. since only per cent. 9; ?re" were in hoarding Echmk g4 mg rams attache; be $5111:th mm? thiami?? G33 u- eempl?ete md?ntroimdf ?le Hi; .. b? ?n immfhiich: mandaiij?ai? 5233 Iridium 31W in wake anti. l1 mule pay sum: pm of ?113 east fund: 3?14} .. Tum};- whom studiea be of the v. areaitunt'ad'. gin?Jammzu Wei-the . . . 3: mm multinm That in ma. wield?; m? we?: -: 1?14.qu rhuriz?j: eitheah-ildren in the aeheele of the. ohm ?iet?can: name that time mideniial echoolaahould he?lled with g. 'j??iaithf olao'e?ol' pupils in order ihei-i?he expenditure on Indian educa- net be rendered entirely nngatory. it enema desirable that you go over the same ground a Dr. Marty and check his inspec- tion. - . These instructions were encouraging and the writer gladly undertook the work of examining with Dr. J. La?-?erby the 243 children of eohoele in Alberta. with the following results . Tuberculosis wee equallyr in children at every 37(1)) In no instance were a child awaiting to echocl tree from tuberculosis; hence it was plain that infectiori in" the home primarily; The showed an ex. . 11h? between ?ve and ten years of age chililren' ei school age ?emanded the name enem- children coming up each year 'and entering in thief report, on much the Home brine-repertof 1907, followed the examina- 1-. but owing. the active of thennepiity Rimming I a 'ei 5 win-H 2? Vi? F?v-vs-u . w?I? - . 1.3, and this was only due to Mr. Scott?s distinct promise that the Ile- pal-torent would take adequate action along the lines of the report. Prof. semi stated in his letter to the Deputy Minister ?It was a revelation to me to ?nd tuberculosis prevailing to such an extent amongst these children. and as many of them were only su?eringi from the early incipient form or the disease. though practically everyone was affected. when under care it may be arrested. I was greatly impressed with the responsibility of the government in dealing with these children can assure you my only motive is a great sympathy for these children. who are the wards of the government and cannot protect them- selves from the ravages of this disease. In reviewing his correspondence the writer ?nds a per- sonal letter, written by him to the Minister dated March 15th. following an of?cial letter regarding the inaction of the De- partment with regard to the recommendations of the report. This letter refers to the most positive promises of Mr. D. C. Scott that the Department would at once take steps to put. the suggestions contained in the report into effect. The letter further says It is now over?! months since these occurrences and I have not received a single communication with reference to carrying out thesis;? gestions of our report. Am I wrong in assuming that the vanity of Mr. G. Scott. growing out of his success at manipulating the mental activities of Mr. Pedley. has led him to the fatal deception of supposing that his cleverness will be equal to that of Prospero in calming any i storm that may blow up from a Tuberculosis Association or any where ?s else. since he knows that should he tail he has through memoranda on ?le placed the responsibility on Mr. Pedley and yourself. In this partiu - cular matter. he is counting upon the ignorance and lndi?erenee of the public to the fate of the Indians: but with the awakening of the health conscience of the people. :we arelnow seeing on every hand. I t' that serious trouble will come out at departnlulml inertia. and I amnot personally disposed to have any blame [all i It will then be understood with what pleasure the writ! hailed the appointment of Dr. W. A. Roche as Superintendent General of Indian Affairs after the year?s term of the Hon. Rogers. whose chief activity wastha invitatigation of the Minister. which led up to his retirement. New at last hem A medical minister exists who would understand the situs?n as neistee to the health of the Indians." So an early 411:pr I -wastakente setter-it]: in anemorandumto Dr. Roche. ?6 9th. 1913.; data and statistics relating to the seven-a] 6, I . . I onwhoee we the total expenditure .wae but. little er per-myth, eh?a?the death rate in many of the hen?e I forty per thoueand. The reply acknowledging re- memorandum contained the following "There ie oertainly eomething in your suggestion that. should meet with werer ooneideration. and some time when I can ?nd an opportunity and it -ie eon- for you, I ehall- be pleased to diet-nee this matter with you.? i 123 Dr. Roohe became ill and Wine absent for Home months nothing further was done but on hie return the writer in aper- Banal intm'riew urged that this eerioue medical Indian problem be taken up in eerneet. It wee stated that medieel eeienee new howejnst whotto do and what was was to put ear knowledge into practice. Dr. Roche stated that on hie return from the West he woului oertainljr take the matter up. Einoe that Went however, to the the matter has. awaited the mouthed notion. I The had done no regular inepeotion work ainee Mr. D. me made Deputy minister in_1913, hot bed in each year 1.115 19.14! prepared his medical report, printed in the annual re- 3. 1 5. 1" Ottawa. - . June-1?; 1914. re?ne nailing that?the "?leeof T-- I MW jut- frontier: notin- . -.- m?N' 'r.-wme c? . w- I II Pr?? - Ah? . nuisanceThe eenhinedin this munieetien Bentwe, bid: b3? Q. deputy, will beseen in the feel; that from IM?vewi-em 5 had been prepared by the writer, while the spa-gin! rep-urbane 'e eight wheels of the Calgary district with the mow. already referred to had been made en the - in?ame: er the Dpartmeut in 1909. The other to he eifeet that a certain physician, sinus retired. g3; geed quite inexperienced in dealing with Indhi? disease problems, had been sp?einted es Me?iesl [especial-i; for the Western Provinces. shewed how Little the cared for the oi the tuberculosis problem. e3: 1,1; matter of feet the Order in {Email sppeinting- the had neither been changed nor reminded, while the to the Interior Department. of the meter the tots! sultry '7 . made in 1908 in order his mist increase of my tinder the '1 I I new classi?cation of the Civil Service Act of that resi- 3- - made. - . 2W. until; 1331-! mid - h?suspendei an unaipr wally-it! 2' ?Mint? ?3 ?rmw?m? La . fee-heeled 1e - - . when 1:91? was. .n . match the facts might be made known to the t. This memorandum began by pointing out that in 1,362,303 acres were included in the Indian reserves and that were then under cultivation that while the total per income for farm crops in that year in all Ganada was $110, that'from the Indian reserves was $59, while it was only $40 for Nova Beetle. It is thus obvious that from the lowest standard of wealth producers the Indian population of Genetic was already a matter of much importance to the State.? From the statistics given in the Man pamphlet it was made plain that instead of themrmal in the Indian population being 1.5 per cent. per: annum as given for the white population, there had been be- tween 1904 and 1911' an actual decrease in the Indian 'population in ?theage period over twentyr years of 1,639 persons whereas a normal increase would have added 20,000 population in the 13. The comparisons showed that the loss was almost wholly due to a high death rate since, though incomplete,the Indian birth I rate was 2? per thousand er higher than the average for the whole 9 I I The-Inchiorandum states, "As the Indian people are an un- stronn native race, their children at birth are large and and under good sanitary conditions have a low mortality. at the 134 children born in the File Hills Farm Golan: in 11' 3.1 ditd. while of 15 births in 1916 onlyr 1 died. giving.r - 5r low rate of per thousand within the year. (as; desirabie to- obtain the latest returns of the. Writer communicated with for and: returns. . .l .75of. Indian A?ira in?mde Q33 . m, onee- begun ?in 1904: on his aim mt them l? a" oolleotion of mouse at diam and. .- ?f?fh . seven! Indian men. he won o?bm'nlly Wilts-h," a. Department with 237 paid medical o?oea-e! to the ?3 actionon in?uenoe of the former Accountant and Minister no moons exists. each as in! leaked upon an elemm. in any Health Dopartment today, by whioli- the public our the 7?5 diam themselves can learn anything de?nite on to the netoal eital- oon?itions amongst these wards of the. notion. - A study of the 1916-1? eta?sbioe shown that in the wage ing period of life, from: 21 to 55 yearn, the Indians of Alberta 161 loans population1r of Britiah Columbia 901 lees. of Ontario 99 and of Nova Sc!)th 399112533. In order however to show how on Indian population may increase. the writer ohteinetl. Mr. w. M. Gmheni, at that time Superintenth of the File colony from 1901 to 191?, the oomplete remand for this all there were 53 eolouigte from the neighbouring Indian c' Etarting with ?ve in 1901, who had taken up mm in colony. Moat of th?om married although 15-dihonloit or'had (a previous to marriage. In June 1917 there-were resident 38 26 women and 106 ehildren, or 170 we?qu piotura of 3131133 maimed inthe eolongmf whom 10 ?Elisa . 5W than 2.7 new died 4- e; 1315 .the-Tooloefr'M - - _r I ?m eho?ld hare taken . In the report of the E?hief Medical U?eer shows genome-m 991ml medical deters having the . a population of 76,090 gave atotal of 3,169 of tuber- I Minor 1 me for everyr seven in a total of 23,109 .. diam reported, and the death rates in several large 0 hands were 31.3, 32.6, and in per thoneand; ?while the ordinary death rate for in the city of Hamilton ?10.5 in 1921. What disoloEe has been made more: plain year by year, namely that tnbemnloeie, contracted in - intaney. createe of the brain. joints, bones, and to a less ?3 degree of the hinge and also that if not fatal till adolescence it then 11511311! rapidly to a fatal termination in consump- .?onoi the lungs. . The memorandum prepared by- the writer in 1913 - further showed that the eityr of Hamilton with a popu- -, . - lation greater .than the we] Indian population had 1? the death rate from tnbereuloaia in the some period, front a to 1917; by'nearly 375 per cent. having in 1916 actually onlyr - The memorandum further atatee, If a similar me- been! introduced amonget the hands on the health-giving a.th mnoh might hare been done to prevent such j; 'j of warriors aa- the Blackfeet from deereaaing from in 191.6, of. allowing for natural inoreaae, an - knew: to the Hon. n. w. . I. 19.13 .tu eupplr him with - Bill be {impeded . . . new . 73:11:22 emannotion may be initiated. ?when the am. the Bill took place with this clause PM MEIR: '1 dian Medieei Service It has behemoth-at nptothetimewhen?r.W.A. Roehe wee mm {mm government in 1911' to make room for more hardy? nee representative of Unioniem the activities of the In; epeetorof the Indian Department, had in practiee now this health which he had been struggling for been, the More of on hie health dreame, which he has hoped to he realised. If the writer had been much dietnqhed by the mm er - . inertia of medioel Minister in the matter of the Indian - one in, situation, he now new that it we hopeleol to . ?g??hm any improvement in it when the new .e Health. who had posed as the Berni-e of lift, the Protagonist of Prohibitiom the Champion. of I've vi. Labour, the Sir Galahad of Women's rights, and the Uhmlier of Canadian Nationalism, fId'with all the ?5 ted fectonnd statistics before him . Bu??erineinnd neglwi these Wards of i one Government after another had .. deputies and had weenie-m . . 1: A. shin light that [rightful ravageenrebeing and the eenditiene of life .. an to hem the ravages er that be pleased to know at the earliest possible - ,1?.th it thit'hreneh of the Department wee going to betreneferred tn . fibkhepertment of Health. The Health Department bee no power to take over ecl- thehealth e! the Indians. That it not ineluded in the degrtnient. It twee pnrpoeely left out of the Act. {are net think end do not think yet that it would be ?practicable v- I it! the Health Went to do that work, bemuee they would require A to duplicate the ergwimtien away in the remote region where lndlen are. end?there be established a sort of divided eentml and mthe?ty ever the Indians. Helena, Ie tubemuleeie increasing or decreasing amongst the It . . Heighten, am afraid I cannot give a very eneeureging en- ta thequeetien. We are net ehnvineed that it ie meme-Bing. but it tenet demeaning. . In this reply of the Minister we see fully illeetreted the depi- - in?uence, stimulated by the Deputy Mieieter, prevents even the simpleet efforts to deal with the health problem of the Indians along modern eeienti?e linee. To any that mnfuei?en would arise ii the equi- titlent of ?rms that en?otieratien between pereene te- eud Federal Health Depart- npen which reel is being made, ?e-ywerrld pane is being -mede in i The Premier has frankly ne- answer to Dr. Belend?e helelm?m?m weed a- desired end is impmetimble; whereas 1' "Erzv ,n?r?W'?bwf Voltaire. mt. ., .. tween Wm. Pm math: Inm,wmeh he fl,? Mann aim and sworn to ??uent-broken. . 3" ?em'e and mm of pladga? to guard tha-waliara?df the Indian 09?. at: may ha ganged from the fuck nuns more brought 0111i at tho 5 ing- the National Tuberculoaia Allboiatiun- at i? animal 'ii? hedd in Ottawa-my. Had-ch Rm, 1922. The superintendent m. . Qn?Appalla Bandit-0mm, Sash, gave them the remit! 1; atudy of . . of the most seian??a mathde. or thud immiinm - v? and it ism that the? 1 gape: than mannered avidam d: eoilicides nonmetal-y with ma work writer mum, drum at'W .. (I. 3-H Muiruri titer?" shield have been written years ago and then given baths public; but: in my oath of silicone a?isil Eel-rant swore that ?without on that behalf. I shall not disclose or make have any matter "or thing which comm to my knowledge by reason of my employment as Chief Medical Inspector of Indian Af?rm Today I am free to speak, having been retired from the Gi?i andsosm in a position to write the sequel to the Starr. Ithas already been stated that in 1913 and 1919 I had . . supplied to my then Minister of Immigration, the Hon. J. A. Usi- .der and tothe then President of the Council. the Hon. N. W. Howell various memoranda regarding the establishment .of a - Federal Degartment of Health, amongst these being a draft of the Billiwhieh later heeame the Act establishing the 'Deper?rment of Health. To my disappointment the position of Deputy Minister 7 of to which I hall a right to aspire after twentyotwo rears is Ohief Medical O?cer of Onatrio. and ?fteen years as (?liner of Inimiaration and Indian Maire was given to .- - 5 wholly outside the Federal ?iril Service and in violation the Min of promotion. whicth supposed to prevail when "z system was to he done away with. The excuse was of my sdranoing years, although at that moment of 3nd??! was being ?lled by the promotion mm-?fnm, while a to the ?i?irasan'nointed at ass-lat! 6137.000 per rein {Mien thii'aei- 4 i ?e ?5 . flares-g? I quite appreciate the views of your brother in reference to his situation here. and personally would be only too glad to do anything I can to help out. When the Public Health Department was created. your brother certainly had claims to the appointment as Deputy Minister. Owing to his advanced age however. Council ?nally concluded that I younger man should receive the appointment. The government hason several occasions considered the question of placing your brother in some other branch of the Service. and I have no doubt that this will be arranged in some way or other shortly. He is now an of?cial of the Public Health Department. He could of course remain there but this apparently is not agreeable to him. A3 a oomeqUEnee some other arrangement. if possible must be made. Signed. J. A. lBolder. My indignation at subsequent. treatment may be imagined 1when the same Mr. Calder introduced the Act in 1920. commonly known as the Calder Act, providing for the Retirement of Der- tain Members of the Civil Service. This Act states that anyone retired thereunder shall receive ll?? of his salary for each year of service. So it came about that on the 17th Sept. 1921]. I received notice that I was recommended for retirement under this Act. The clause of the Act quoted for my information states Section 2 When it is decided to retire anyone under the pro- visions of this Act. notice in writing giving the reasons for such retire- ment shall be sent to such person. and he shall have the right toappeal to the Civil Service COME-BEBE, and the Commission. after giving such person an opportunity to be heard. shall make full report to the Gover- nor in Council and the decision cl.? the Council thereon shall be ?nal. I appealed and in my appeal stated that no reason Will ss? signed as provided in the Act. and further that I was still chief Medical Of?cer in the Department of Indian AEairs as set out in the titular in Council of 1904.. As bearing on this point made in my appeal I ?nd the fol- lowing in Haneard of June 8th. 1921. The matter heing dealt with is the amendment to the Golder Act . Mr. Fielding: But cases have been brought to my attention of mat in savanna years?come may think them old. I do not?being noti?ed - ottheir retirement. although they are time with good health quit strength, both mental and physical, "and are well able to discharge duties. Howie such a man dealt with Mnt'lalder: Nomanwill be noti?ed unless a proper advised grim-launch that: in the public Intern-t he. .. 16 . {The'qnm?on oi agealone - .a into moan-men. I it! hardly to be supposed. that Dr. W. A. Roohe, now of Ul?] Service Commission. who during the years 11;! :7 1513-1? refer-red to had foiled to utilise my services when he was Sn-pee'hltondont of Indian Alfairs would now consider my servioee Item in that Department. So my protest tree of no avail; my elimination from the Service had been decreed and I the following Order in Council 14th Feta. 1721. I The Gommittee have had before thorn a report, dated Feb. let, 1921. - horn the noting Steel-etan of State. from the Civil Service mm with the provim'ons of Guy. 67, 10-11 George V. An Act to provide for the Retirement of Certain Members of the Public Holmes '1 the Civil Servioohao to roport that Dr. P. H. Bryoe of the De- . of Health at Ottawa. was reeommended by the Deputy Minis- torof Hesith for retirement: that under Section 2 of the said hot '1 I themtefm the proo?hawthorn a [?ctional hearing. 1o'hieh has resulted in the Civil Howie? 11W that appeal It? not bu . . retirement he made effective from the lot of March. 1921. Dr. horn on August 17th:. 1353, and is sixty-seven of He won appointed tompornrily to the Bervioe on Feb. lat. made permanent on September lot, 1903, and therefore I in the Bervioe seventeen years and one month on the let the date upon whiohhis m?rementispmpos'ed to be e?ee- that I was retired to March. 1921, with- heingadded to my term. of Federal service, though new that 22 years in the for in the Superannuation gem on on- it? imam-=2: .. . . Immamtuamw-a "gig. . thamonhammauem quot, as tam?thahgui?xmd n15 mummaE-dmuhapa?pu an; em . rm: Markht-to..1w their mum upwde herein {ha Indiana More the qu-mm wt am ta?them unite myself"(at a . .3, v. 4. slung rt?ItInV-I - PLEASE DO NOT REHOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY .02893 .1922 c. Available on line at: up