Rose Canyon Fisheries A Commercial, Sustainable Aquaculture Enterprise Presented to Habitat Committee of the Pacific States Fisheries Management Council Friday, April 10, 2015; Rohnert Park, CA The Project • A commercial scale, state-of-the-art, offshore aquaculture project – Evaluate both economic and environmental sustainability – Scale up to 5,000 metric tons (11 million pounds) annual production – Annual sales in excess of $50 million with potential 2:1 economic benefit to the region The Need Secure an increased domestic supply of safe and healthy seafood – – – – – – 91% of US seafood is imported Annual seafood imports total over $16 billion 50% of global supply of seafood is farmed The US cultures only 2.5% of the seafood consumed Domestic fisheries supply only 6.5% US needs another 2 to 4 million tons annually World Fisheries and Population Trends 9.0 7.0 200 6.0 5.0 150 4.0 100 3.0 2.0 50 1.0 0 Catch for fishmeal Aquaculture Catch for people Population 2030E 2025E 2020E 2015E 2010E 2005 2000 1995 1990 1985 1980 1975 0.0 Billions of people 8.0 250 1970 Million metric tons 300 Global Aquaculture Production North America ?3 South America - . In. mm 31.5 1, Asa 29.5 Oneam; - Emma 1? 3-11 .1346 ELEE Elmir- 2.2 Hli?l'lli} Eff-'3 1.5 Afrta 351' 133- I Stem-a ?5151 3.3 :7 . . . 80% ofthe farmed seafood supply comes . - - 1 . r- rv from Asia . m? 91/ .Hf . far;- 7. . Rose Canyon USA has Potential for Greater Production 1,308,515 (metric tonnes aquaculture) Top AquaCUIture Praducers worldWide Total aquaculture production in relation to land and water resources 1,286,122 to [j I 2,671,800 LEGEND Total uaculture Total land area Total water are: Myanmar aqut?on linland+enoclushle [maria tonnes) economic zone) 919,585 744 695 Sources of all seafood consumed in US. I 1,008,010 701.062 Egypt imm Philippines Norway Chile Japan 718,284 IMPORTED "rm :1 4'648351 Farmed Wild?caught WIld-caugn Farmed Datum?. WA Hath-d Marine FMaicsSn-vice. Indonesia 2,304,828 China 36,734,21 5 20:0. UN Foodarrd?gncu?ure Organization USA David J. Landkamer, Aquaculture Extension Specialist, Oregon Sea Grant Extension Program. Infograpnic by Patrizia Oregon Sea Grant FISHERIES FINAL REPORT ?OCEAN BLUEPRINT FOR THE 21? CENTURY . . . I. Ila]:an in thl: H?lnn '5 Recommendations fora .l I I Nm?cean Fbliqr -. @3163 FISHERIES Rose Canyon San Diego’s Fishing History • After WW II, the tuna industry expanded so that by 1975 tuna fishing supported 16 canneries and employed 40,000 people. • San Diego was known as the Tuna Capital of the World. California’s Commercial Fishing Commercial Fish Landings for 2013 60,000 $70,000 $60,000 50,000 40,000 $40,000 30,000 $30,000 20,000 $20,000 10,000 $10,000 0 $/Kg $0 Eureka Fort Bragg $4.04 $3.71 Bodega Bay San Francisco $7.55 Monterey $2.80 Metric Tons Landed $0.81 Morro Bay Santa Barbara Los Angeles $2.70 $1.00 Ex-Vessel Value (1000s) 2013 Total: $256 Million, 165K Metric Tons $0.71 San Diego $8.75 Ex-Vessel Value (1000s USD) Landings (Metric tons) $50,000 San Diego Commercial Fishing Value of Commercial Landings in 2013 (Total = $8.3M) Lobster, California spiny, $4,611,682 Prawn, spot, $819,595 Sea urchin, red, $509,295 Swordfish, $473,529 Other, $732,122 Thornyhead, shortspine, $431,039 Sablefish, $333,658 Seabass, white, $107,242 Sheephead, California, $134,975 Prawn, ridgeback, $180,226 California Agriculture (2012 statistics) 81,500 farms Over 400 commodities $43.5 billion total revenue #1 state with 11.3% of U.S. farm cash receipts – 11% for crops – 7.1% for livestock • $12 billion in livestock sales • <0.5% is aquaculture • • • • Source of Income Aquaculture Chickens, All Cattle and Calves Eggs, Chicken Hogs and Pigs Honey Milk and Cream Turkeys Wool and Mohair Other Livestock Total Sales $54 $720 $3,299 $393 $39 $23 $6,900 $311 $5 $412 $12,155 Species to be Cultured • Yellowtail Jack (Seriola lalandi) ‾ ‾ ‾ Native to California Coast Sold as “Hamachi” from Japanese fish farms HSWRI has been culturing this species since 2003 • White Seabass (Atractoscion nobilis) ‾ ‾ ‾ Native to California Coast Commercially and recreationally important HSWRI has been rearing this species for three decades • Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) ‾ ‾ ‾ ‾ “Common” within project range Anadromous (spawns in fresh water and matures in sea water) Cannot be caught commercially HSWRI has cultured this species since early 1970s I ?1 L4 MB'Cjiha-a w-mt mm- .- onu15? .Il. es'n Inn-Mud Lmullun Fm. nn'nr- In'r-mur'ml - 14- San Diego . r. .-. .. vii .. anlonal Elly i- . ?6 I 3 a F3. San ?rsqo?ar?ouora' ?bula uls'a mum-nevuer FISHERIES DeSIgn \rJ' "Hf 3/ ANCHOR LINE AND REQUIRED AND CONFIDENTIAL -C 1- I I ulk'h'M NI: I'm. glam-'1 Ial'iL'u? IJ 1!!??15?51 ?11. I HULL uul 1.: 5.15.5: II: 1.1 H. HI: up; T-r- l' run?d: Jail?[l x. u' NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAWING OceanSpar 2x12 Farm Grid Configuration 2 Grids OceanSpar Fm II REF FARM GEE: -.-. .Ir??h a Th} -.I 1 Rose Canyon FISHERIES Cage Types - Surface cages - Submersible cages Aquapod SeaStation SeaStation DR Rose Canyon I I ES • Permits Required Federal permits/reviews: – Lead agency for NEPA review process – Army Corps of Engineers: Rivers and Harbors Act-Section 10 permit (including NOAA- EFH (Essential Fish Habitat), ESA (Endangered Species Act), and marine mammal/wildlife interactions) – U.S. Coast Guard-Aids to Navigation Permit (issued after ACoE) – Environmental Protection Agency: NPDES permit (National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System) • – NOAA convened an Inter-agency working group to coordinate more efficient review process CA State permits/reviews: – Dept. of Fish & Wildlife aquaculture registration – Coastal Commission consistency with Coastal Act certification Anticipated Permitting Timeline 2014 2015 NEPA Review Process U.S. Arm}; Corp of Engineers Section Rivers and Harbors Act Application Public Deemed Notice Complete {30 Days} Asst-11311324!) Nasal-.3! Banter-tyrant- ?rgeElimination system Permit (mums) I 11 Application Fact Sheet and Draft 2 5 Dem? 1; 5 - Complete 1 eriod i {9.0 I}ng {3-0 Dan} 3 . California Department of lfish and Wildlife Aquaculture Registration? Tentative I I I Application Processmg {90111155} 1 . tl CaliIornia Coastal Commission Consistency Certi?cation? Tentative Si - - I II- Certi?cation Process In; Renewed i {30 Days} {130 Dara} t4 National Oceanic and Ann osp?eric Administration Consultation Process? Tentative A licant . . a; patina BA NOAA Consultation Period i and Reviewed {135 mfg) (45 Days} ILLS. Coast Guard Aids to Navigation Permit? Tentative Post AC of. Permitt'mg {301113-53 Rose Canyon San Diego is Ideal • Mild Mediterranean climate • Shaded from storm events • Low wave energy • Existing commercial seafood infrastructure • Proximity to So Cal markets • HSWRI and NOAA Fisheries are located there Potential Economic Benefits • Project – Sales from $50 to $80 million annually – 6x to 10x current commercial landing value – Supporting over 300 seafood jobs (wages ~2x regional average) • Region – Generate over $50 million in Total Economic Impact annually – New spending in excess of $100 million annually • State – Represent a 31% increase in seafood ex-vessel sales • Nation – Help to reduce the growing trade deficit in seafood imports Source: San Diego Regional Economic Development Corporation Stakeholder Outreach and Support • Business community – Commercial fishing, seafood processing, restaurants and wholesale distributors – Business and special interest organizations • Public interest groups – Recreational fishing, environmental, scientific research • Government – Mayor, City Council, County Supervisors and Port Authority – California Senate and Assembly members – US Congressional representatives and Executive Branch Addressing Stated Concerns Minimizing Environmental Impacts – Avoiding wasted feed – Locating farms to eliminate habitat degradation Eliminating Net Loss of Protein – Alternate feeds using plant based protein – Using processing waste for fish meal Preventing Escapement Impacts – Advanced net pen technology for high energy seas – Use endemic species from known stocks Commercial and Recreational Fishing Impacts – Avoid critical habitats – Select sites of little import to all other fishing Ensuring Product Quality – Locate farms in healthy offshore environment – Adhere to existing USDA/FDA standards • NOAA Survey Originally sited to meet multiple requirements and avoid conflicts – In deep, clean, temperate water with good current and sandy bottom – Outside coastal zone with its more numerous conflicting uses – Not in conflict with other offshore activities (fishing, shipping, military) – Natural habitat for target species Site Moved South In response to commercial fisherman, recreational fishers and the Navy, we are moving the farm site southeast to avoid any potential conflict (e.g., Marine Spatial Planning), habitat concerns 20110408 512 046 W. Noke Burden Rose Canyon I FISHERIES Blue Ocean Mariculture (Keahole Pt, Hawaii) Formerly Kona Blue Farms “Since 2005, an Open-Ocean 6 cell grid system, located within the Hawaiian Islands National Marine Whale Sanctuary, has operated without any negative interaction with marine mammals due to the design and selection of materials used in its fabrication and assembly” (9 5036: Canyon Sustainable Marine Aquaculture in the Southern California Bight: A Case Study on Environmental and Regulatory Confidence Paul Olin- California Sea Grant Extension Dale Keifer-Science System Applications Jack Rensel- Science System Applications Randy Lovell- CDFW James Morris- NOS Ken Riley – NOS Jerry Schubel – Aquarium of the Pacific Diane Windham - NOAA Goals and Objectives • • • Opportunities: – Rose Canyon Fisheries- proposed 5,000 MT finfish operation 4.5 miles offshore San Diego, CA – Catalina Sea Ranch- shellfish operation 9 miles off Long Beach, CA Program Goal: Support public-private partnerships that focus on research to inform pending, regulatory decisions on the local, state and federal level. Objectives: – 1. Evaluate the current status of offshore marine aquaculture in the region and conduct stakeholder workshop to inform environmental monitoring • Status of Aquaculture in SCB, Ocean use in SCB, and environmental and oceanographic data required to develop simulation models in SCB – 2. Aquaculture Environmental Monitoring • Aquamodel – an advanced 4 dimensional GIS fish farm simulation tool (Science System Applications) • DEPOMOD – Scottish origin software program used for 15 years to provide guidance for permitting marine cage operations around the globe – 3. Stakeholder workshops to promote results – 4. Prepare communication tools for stakeholders and other outreach Modeling Potential Impacts Harvest (Tissue Carbon & Nitrogen) Feed Sea Surface O2 Advective & Turbulent Flow Light FARM Fish metabolism Soluble Nitrogenous Waste Feces Phytoplankton Grazing Particulate Organic Waste Oxygen Sulfides Deposition Photosynthesis Recycling Zooplankton Resuspension Food Web Assimilation Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration Egestion Evaluating the Site Depth from surface -- 7-34 -- 34-61 -61-88 8 Current speeds off San Diego December 14, 2007 to March 20, 2008 40 1 1 Depth from surface 35 -0- 7-34 - I '34-61 30 . - 61-88 25 - (D 20 - 39FISHERIES 0.0 0.2 0.4 0:6 0.8 10 1:2 1:4 1.6 Rose Canyon Current speed (knots) K4 Eyaluating the Site RCF SeawatEr Tampemtures 3; Wave Height I ?1 ?mm 4631 Temp deg: Wave lm] I) Mg 2 152 1243 3500 4500 Ensemble 8200 1330:3500 Date. Tlme 1530000, 2100:3500 0.0000", 00000" 0.0000?, 0.0000? DIRECTION :tm?ll. 1? I 1.?iaJ f500 nsanble 0200 1330:3500 Data. '?me 150003, 21:00:35.00 FISHERIES mowi umw Lat,LIm 0.0000?, 0.0000" Rose canyon AquaModel Current Vector Rose • • • • RCF Site S. Ca. Bight Many depths measured 5m depth example here Five month duration 20 min time intervals Relative current speeds are strong & near-ideal for the fish and the environmental effects Strongest and most persistent currents are offshore to the NW Raw Data Courtesy of HSWRI, Mike Shane, et al. Bottom Sediment Simulation Results: 1. Simulation scale is amplified 30x in order to show dispersion 2. Depth and current combine to disperse carbon to very low levels 3. Peak TOC within footprint is 0.0062g C/g sediment (~1%) above ambient 4. Increased TOC is probably not detectable using existing analytical standards Water Column Simulation Results: 1. [N] never exceeds 2 mg/m3 which is below the threshold for phytoplankton growth 2. Downstream dilution diminishes nutrients 3. Based on observations of existing farms, these results are either correct or overstated “Maximizing the Value of Offshore Aquaculture Development in the Context of Multiple Ocean Uses” PI: Sarah Lester sarah.lester@ucsb.edu Funded By: Project Objectives: • Assess potential conflicts and environmental impacts associated with open ocean aquaculture development • Develop a dynamic spatial bioeconomic model for aquaculture in the Southern California Bight • Demonstrate how tradeoff analysis can inform spatial planning for offshore aquaculture to maximize and minimize impacts and conflicts Legend El study_are? i ,ou?nils a? . SMCA - . 7# Anchorage Ground. ,Anchorage Ground?, SMR a _7 DafsgeLZone, ?hg? nEer?zone.SMR [If hie edArea507mm? . . i .- -ing Saiety Fairway, I . SpeciaIAnonoragem 3 .i i ?4 l/ Trams 36mme ?.108 . Traf?c Seppntion Schemeyams Sepatahon Scheme. SMR 9, in ;?contributors Sources. .HERE Geonamesorg. and other Rose Canyon UV Marine Spatial Planning • Classification of areas off San Diego out to 100m and with 5% or less hard bottom • Each mooring grid will require 2- 1 km2 blocks oriented side by side (eastwest). So a total of 4 blocks • The new site meets the depth, sediment and lack of fishing conflict criteria Source: US Santa Barbara Brenn School Sites Potentially Developable for Aquaculture Legend All 0 Fish NoFish 3mm Burt-J fr} 9! theme: Eu'urm'; mount L05 Ri'. Lt #1 ea la? F?I?f'f Santa E?qu 35 Liam . . - 1:4. mum Guljof Santa {fix . ?2 gm?! Catnlmu WM San Nicolas I, I Basm a Tammi Qt EmilSan Ulegu .Gecgraplp?mr?ge. HERE. Geenarnes?g. an El . .- 1 Rose Canyon Houdini I. II FISHERIES wm..$E East 3 Beam Addressing Concerns FISHERIES Rose Canyon CanVis: Create Photo Realistic Simulations Aquaculture Image Library For Demonstration Purposes – Images Are Not Drawn To Scale Free Software Available (http://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast) it." Farm Expansion 200 5,000 4,500 Total Cage Volume 4,000 Continue Hatchery and Nursery expansion 3,500 3,000 150 100 2,500 Begin Hatchery and Nursery expansion Use existing MB larviculture and CLD Nursery infrastructure 2,000 1,500 50 1,000 500 0 1 2 3 4 5 Production Year 6 7 8 Annual Harvest (Metric Tons) Total Cage Volume (Metric Tons) 250 NATIONAL STRATEGIC PLAN FOR FEDERAL AQUACULTURE RESEARCH (2014-2019) Strategic Goals 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Advance Understanding of the Interactions of Aquaculture and the Environment Employ Genetics to Increase Productivity and Protect Natural Populations Counter Disease in Aquatic Organisms and Improve Biosecurity Improve Production Efficiency and Well-being Improve Nutrition and Develop Novel Feeds Increase Supply of Nutritious, Safe, High-quality Seafood and Aquatic Products Improve Performance of Production Systems Create a Skilled Workforce and Enhance Technology Transfer Develop and Use Socioeconomic and Business Research to Advance Domestic Aquaculture Collaborative Organizations Ht )1 Urnvers it}; Fish Health [.iswiaesi'n' or HIHHEHHTA Driven to Discos-NOAAFISHERIES E- UC DAVIS MEDICINE Nutrition MIDDLE TENNESSEE NUAA FISHERIES 5 THE MARITIME %63 US DAIARS *f SEHILLINGER l! Universi?qrof' CalifoniiaIwine Universida??utomnu deBajaCanfonna University of Idaho AuhumUrliwrsitjr ALLIANCE ?Promoting BluB Tech 3. Blue Jobs" HAN IJII-UU SAN REGIONAL CHAMBER OF 1 COMMERCE Ei??iilizgevelopment I. in EhsNature i; WWF Protecting na1urt Prose-wag me' IWorld Fund openblue OCEAN FARM Production RensolAssociates Aquatic Science Consultants Noam" California BaJa Aqua: uilure. Environmental Effects NOAAFISHEHIES [booms-Hm;- FISH Vii-r?. . or? r-JDAM-lational Rose Canyon FISHERIES What is the Potential? • What does CA need? – – – – 2014 Population of California: 38.8 million 2012 Seafood consumption was 14.6 lbs/person CA needs 257K MTs or ~500K MTs of whole fish At 20 kg/M3 and cage depth=10M → 1.2 mile diameter cage • What could be the result? – At $6/kg ex-vessel value ⇒ $3 billion in annual sales – At 43 jobs/1,000MT = 21,500 CA jobs – Total economic benefit to CA economy ⇒$6 billion FISHERIES Rose Canyon If Not Here, Then Where? • 12 Mexican farms have requested juvenile fish • Any species we can grow in SCB, can be grown in Baja California • It is less than a day’s driving time to California’s seafood markets • Technology and knowhow is CA’s edge; simplified permitting is Mexico’s Dr. Kathryn Sullivan, NOAA Administrator SeaWeb Seafood Summit; New Orleans, LA; February 9, 2015 • Aquaculture provides year-round, living wage jobs centered in coastal and rural communities. • Marine aquaculture operations support working waterfronts (docks, boat yards, and processing plants.) • But the U.S. industry struggles …. because of regulatory uncertainty. • We export advanced technology, feed, equipment, and other investments to producers around the world. • Let’s start using more of this U.S.-developed technology and expertise here, and stop exporting jobs to other countries. Conclusion Eventually producing 5,000 metric tons (11 million pounds) of fish annually, RCF will introduce a new production paradigm to the existing seafood industry to meet growing demand This may encourage a new national industry thereby creating significant economic benefits in our coastal communities by providing safe, healthy, sustainable and locally sourced seafood Rose Canyon Fisheries An innovative collaboration between “With Earth’s burgeoning populations to feed, we must turn to the sea with new understanding and new technology. We must learn to farm the sea as we have farmed the land” Capt. Jacques Cousteau