UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH REPORT OF INVESTIGATION Fatal Underground Mine Explosion April 5, 2010 Upper Big Branch Mine-South, Performance Coal Company Montcoal, Raleigh County, West Virginia, ID No. 46-08436 by Norman G. Page District Manager District 6, Pikeville, KY Timothy R. Watkins District Manager District 12, Pineville, WV Steaven D. Caudill Special Investigator District 6, Pikeville, KY Dean R. Cripps Electrical Engineer District 8, Benton, IL John F. Godsey Staff Assistant District 6, Pikeville, KY Charles J. Maggard Staff Assistant District 7, Barbourville, KY Andrew D. Moore Mining Engineer District 6, Pikeville, KY Thomas A. Morley Mining Engineer PSHTC, Pittsburgh, PA Sandin E. Phillipson Geologist PSHTC, Pittsburgh, PA Hubert E. Sherer Mining Engineer Arlington, VA David A. Steffey Mining Engineer District 6, Pikeville, KY Clete R. Stephan General Engineer PSHTC, Pittsburgh, PA Richard T. Stoltz Chief, Ventilation Division PSHTC, Pittsburgh, PA Jerry W. Vance Training Specialist Educ. Field Services, Morgantown, WV Alvin L. Brown Program Analyst District 7, Barbourville, KY Originating Office Mine Safety and Health Administration Office of the Administrator Coal Mine Safety and Health 1100 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, Virginia 22209 Kevin G. Stricklin, Administrator TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................. 1 MINE MAP ................................................................................. 11 GENERAL INFORMATION ....................................................... 12 Mine Information ..................................................................................... 12 Management Structure ........................................................................... 13 DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCIDENT......................................... 14 Events Preceding the Explosion ........................................................... 14 Description of the April 5, 2010 Accident ............................................. 18 Accident Notification, Mine Evacuation and Initial Emergency Response ................................................................................................. 19 Accident Notification .......................................................................................... 19 Mine Evacuation .................................................................................................. 20 Initial Emergency Response—Arrival of Rescuers and Other Personnel to the Accident Scene............................................................ 20 Rescue Operations ................................................................................. 23 Monday, April 5, 2010 ......................................................................................... 23 Tuesday, April 6, 2010 ........................................................................................ 26 Wednesday, April 7, 2010 ................................................................................... 26 Thursday, April 8, 2010....................................................................................... 26 Friday, April 9, 2010 ............................................................................................ 26 Location of the Victims........................................................................... 28 Family Liaisons ....................................................................................... 30 Recovery of Victims................................................................................ 30 Mine Recovery Operations (April 13 - June 24) ....................................31 INVESTIGATION OF THE ACCIDENT ..................................... 34 Involvement with Other Investigations .................................................34 WVOMHST and GIIP ............................................................................................ 34 Miners’ Representatives ..................................................................................... 34 Underground Investigation Teams........................................................ 34 Mine Mapping Teams .......................................................................................... 35 Mine Dust Survey ................................................................................................ 35 Flames and Forces Team ................................................................................... 35 Electrical Teams.................................................................................................. 35 Geology Team ..................................................................................................... 36 Ventilation Survey............................................................................................... 36 Evidence Collection and Testing ...........................................................37 Photography ........................................................................................................ 37 Evidence Testing ................................................................................................. 37 Electrical Testing ................................................................................................ 38 Gas Sampling ...................................................................................................... 39 i Interviews ................................................................................................40 PRACTICES AT UBB THAT LED TO THE EXPLOSION ......... 40 Examinations........................................................................................... 40 Failure to Perform Examinations ....................................................................... 41 Failure to Identify Obvious Hazards .................................................................. 42 Failure to Record Hazards .................................................................................. 45 Failure to Correct Hazards ................................................................................. 50 Inadequate Training ................................................................................54 Experienced Miner Training ............................................................................... 54 Task Training ....................................................................................................... 56 Annual Refresher Training ................................................................................. 56 Other Training Deficiencies ................................................................................ 56 Contractor Training Issues ................................................................................ 57 Engineering Issues .................................................................................58 Culture of Intimidation of Miners........................................................... 58 Advance Notice of Inspections.............................................................. 60 Mine Accident Incidence Rate ...............................................................61 Inspection History (1/1/09 to 4/5/10) .................................................................. 62 Longwall Citation History................................................................................... 64 PHYSICAL CAUSES OF THE ACCIDENT ............................... 65 Methane was Allowed to Accumulate on the Tailgate End of the Longwall ................................................................................65 The Explosion was a Methane Ignition/Explosion that Originated in the Tailgate and Transitioned into a Coal Dust Explosion ...............................................................................65 The Explosion Originated in the Tailgate Entry of the Longwall .................... 66 The Extent of the Explosion is Consistent ........................................................ 67 There was Only Limited Detection of Methane Underground ......................... 69 Analysis of Methane Liberation at the Bandytown Fan ................................... 70 The Explosion was not Caused by Cutting into a Gas Well ............................ 77 A Seismic Event did not Cause the Explosion ................................................. 79 The Geochemistry of Natural Gas and Coal Bed Methane .............................. 79 Methane Accumulations that Led to the Explosion ............................. 80 Geological Background ...................................................................................... 81 UBB has a Geological Fault Zone, which Serves as a Conduit for Methane ............................................................................................................... 85 The Role of Overburden and Stresses in Opening the Fractures ................... 90 Methane Likely Migrated from Behind the Shields to the Shearer ................. 97 A Roof Fall in Tailgate 1 North Restricted Airflow, Likely Allowing ............... 99 The Methane Ignited at the Shearer, then Created a Methane Explosion in Tailgate 1 North ...............................................................109 Other Ignition Sources ..................................................................................... 116 The Ignition on the Longwall Shearer ............................................................. 119 ii The Localized Methane Explosion Transitioned into a Coal Dust Explosion, Caused by Dangerous Coal Accumulations and Inadequate Rock Dusting ...................................122 Coking in Mine Dust and Visual Observation Led Investigators to Determine the Path of the Flame ......................................... 123 Accumulations of Coal Dust and Float Coal Dust .......................................... 129 Rock Dusting ..................................................................................................... 130 OTHER PCC PLANS ............................................................... 133 Ventilation Plan .....................................................................................133 The Approved Plan in Effect April 5, 2010 ...................................................... 133 Recent Revisions to the Approved Ventilation Plan and Map ....................... 135 Disapproved Revisions to the Ventilation Plan and Map .............................. 137 Methane/Dust Control Section of the Ventilation Plan ......................139 MMU 050-0 (Longwall Shearer) Plan Requirements ....................................... 140 Water Spray Configuration in Use as Reported by Massey Energy ............. 142 Water Test – Compliance with the Ventilation Plan ....................................... 143 Difference in Water Nozzles Used by the Operator on the Shearer .............. 146 Shield Tips ......................................................................................................... 146 Stageloader/Crusher ......................................................................................... 147 UBB Clean-up Program .................................................................................... 147 Lung Diseases from Coal ................................................................................. 147 Roof Control Plan ..................................................................................148 Headgate 1 North .............................................................................................. 149 Tailgate 1 North ................................................................................................. 151 Emergency Response Plan (ERP) .......................................................152 Training .............................................................................................................. 152 Mine Communication and Tracking ................................................................. 152 Mine Emergency Evacuation and Firefighting Program of Instruction (MEEFP) ...................................................................... 154 Refuge Alternatives .......................................................................................... 156 SCSR’s ............................................................................................................... 156 ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS ...................................................... 157 CONCLUSION ......................................................................... 160 ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS .................................................... 161 APPENDICES Appendix A - List of Deceased and Injured Miners Appendix B - Map of the Mine Appendix C - List of Massey's Corporate Structure and Employees Appendix D - List of Personnel Who Exercised Their Fifth Amendment Rights Appendix E - Mine Rescue Personnel and Teams Responding Appendix F - UBB Boreholes iii Appendix G - Accident Investigation Protocols Appendix H - Post-Accident Mapping Team Map Appendix I - PIL No. 110-V-8 Procedures for Copying Photographs Appendix J - Mine Dust Results Appendix K - Inspection History Appendix L - Mine Map Showing Direction of Primary Forces and Mine Dust Sampling Areas Appendix M - Seismic Events in Southern West Virginia Appendix N - WVDEP Surface Blasting Appendix O - Geochemistry of Natural Gas and Coalbed Methane Appendix P - Reconstruction of Ventilation Map Appendix Q - Petrographic Analyses Appendix R - Water Supply System to the Longwall Shearer Dust Sprays Appendix S - Sediment Analysis from Water Baskets and Spray Nozzels Appendix T - Detailed Discussion of Elimination of Electrical Ignition Sources Appendix U - Testing Results for All Equipment Tested at A&CC Appendix U-1 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Remote Control Units Appendix U-2 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Longwall Lighting System Components Appendix U-3 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Electrohydraulic Shield Control Components Appendix U-4 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Longwall Communication System Components Appendix U-5 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Portable Methane and Multi-gas Detectors Appendix U-6 - Executive Summary of the Investigation of Power Supply, Amplifier Battery, Tracking Tag, and Tag Reader Components Associated with Pyott-Boone Tracking Boss Tracker System and Minecom UHF Leaky Feeder System Appendix U-7 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Koehler-Bright Star Model 5100 and 5200 Series Cap Lamps and Cap Lamp Components Appendix U-8 - Executive Summary of the Investigation of Seven Power Air Purifying Respiratory (PAPR) Helmet Battery Assemblies and Pieces Appendix U-9 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Low-Energy Non-Permissible Electrical Items (Watches and Calculators) Appendix U-10 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Machine-Mounted Methane Monitors Appendix U-11 - Executive Summary of Investigation of High-Energy Non-Permissible Electrical Items Appendix U-12 - Executive Summary of Investigation of a Nelson-Kellerman Anemometer Appendix U-13 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Portable Radios Appendix U-14 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Pyott-Boone CO Monitors Appendix U-15 - Executive Summary of Investigation of Programmable Logic Controller Components Appendix V - Vaisala National Lightning Detection Report 258028 Appendix W - Mine Electrical System iv Appendix X - Examination of Components of JOY Mining Machinery JNA Control System Appendix Y - Executive Summary of Investigation of a Digital Video Recorder (DVR) Appendix Z - Mine Map Showing Extent of Flame, Incombustible Content and Coke Appendix AA - Results of Proximate Analysis Testing Appendix AB - Rock Dust Crew Notebook Appendix AC - Belt Examination Book (4/1/2010 - 4/5/2010) Appendix AD - Belt Examination Book (3/16/2010 - 4/1/2010) Appendix AE - Additional Information on UBB MMU's Appendix AF - Methane and Dust Control - Safety Precautions from Ventilation Plan Appendix AG - Specifications of Water Sprays Appendix AH - Roof Control Plan - Headgate and Tailgate Support Appendix AI - Stability Analysis of Gateroad Design Appendix AJ - Operation of the Minecom UHF Leaky Feeder System, Pyott-Boone Tracking, and Pyott-Boone Carbon Monoxide Monitoring System Appendix AK - Mine Emergency Evacuation and Firefighting Plan Appendix AL - Summary of Examination of Three Refuge Alternatives Appendix AM - Examination and Testing of Self-Contained Selt-Rescuers (SCSRs) Appendix AN - List of Personnel Assisting in the Investigation v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY On April 5, 2010, at approximately 3:02 p.m., a massive coal dust explosion occurred at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South (UBB), killing 29 miners and injuring two. UBB is operated by Performance Coal Company (PCC), a former subsidiary of Massey Energy Company (Massey) (together PCC/Massey), and is located in Montcoal, West Virginia. This tragic explosion was the largest coal mine disaster in the United States in 40 years. Immediately following the explosion, President Barack Obama called Secretary of Labor Hilda Solis and Assistant Secretary for Mine Safety and Health Joseph Main to the White House and charged them with conducting the most thorough and comprehensive investigation possible. The President directed Secretary Solis to work with the Justice Department to ensure that the government also investigated any potential criminal activity. The Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) conducted its investigation under the authority of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (Mine Act), which requires that authorized representatives of the Secretary of Labor carry out investigations in mines for the purpose of obtaining, utilizing, and disseminating information relating to the causes of accidents. This report is the product of that investigation, which included a comprehensive underground examination, 269 individuals interviewed, review of some 88,000 pages of documentary evidence, detailed mapping of the mine, inspection and testing of thousands of pieces of physical evidence, and the commissioning of outside experts to study the disastrous explosion. It describes the events leading up to the UBB explosion, rescue and recovery operations, the investigative process, the physical causes of the explosion, the root cause and contributory causes, and the citations and orders issued for safety and health violations. MSHA and the Department of Labor’s Office of the Solicitor continue to cooperate with the Department of Justice in the criminal investigation of the tragedy. MSHA conducted the underground investigation in coordination with the West Virginia Office of Miners’ Health Safety and Training (WVOMHST), the Governor’s Independent Investigative Panel (GIIP), and PCC/Massey. The United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) participated in the investigation in its capacity as a representative of miners designated pursuant to the Mine Act, as did Moreland & Moreland, l.c. Many witnesses tragically lost their lives on April 5, 2010. In addition, a number of witnesses exercised their rights under the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and declined to be interviewed. Despite the unavailability of their testimony, MSHA has determined the likely causes of the explosion. 1 Overview of the UBB Accident Investigation Report’s Findings The 29 miners who perished at UBB died in a massive coal dust explosion that started as a methane ignition. The physical conditions that led to the explosion were the result of a series of basic safety violations at UBB and were entirely preventable. PCC/Massey disregarded the resulting hazards. While violations of particular safety standards led to the conditions that caused the explosion, the unlawful policies and practices implemented by PCC/Massey were the root cause of this tragedy. The evidence accumulated during the investigation demonstrates that PCC/Massey promoted and enforced a workplace culture that valued production over safety, including practices calculated to allow it to conduct mining operations in violation of the law. The investigation also revealed multiple examples of systematic, intentional, and aggressive efforts by PCC/Massey to avoid compliance with safety and health standards, and to thwart detection of that non-compliance by federal and state regulators. Witness testimony revealed that miners were intimidated by UBB management and were told that raising safety concerns would jeopardize their jobs. As a result, no safety or health complaints and no whistleblower disclosures were made to MSHA from miners working in the UBB mine in the approximately four years preceding the explosion. This is despite an extensive record of PCC/Massey safety and health violations at the UBB mine during this period. PCC/Massey established a practice of using staff to relay advance notice of health and safety inspections to mine personnel when federal and state inspectors arrived at the mine. The advance notice allowed PCC/Massey employees to conceal violations from enforcement personnel. PCC’s chief of security was convicted in federal court for lying to MSHA about whether advance notice was a practice at UBB; the evidence at the trial showed that it indeed was a practice and he had directed UBB personnel to provide advance notice of inspectors’ arrival on the mine property. His conviction underscores the extent to which practices designed to hide PCC/Massey safety and health violations were engrained at UBB. PCC/Massey kept two sets of books with respect to safety and health hazards in the UBB mine. The first set was the required examination book mandated by the Mine Act, which was open for review by MSHA and miners and was required to include in it a complete record of all hazards identified by PCC examiners and other company officials. PCC/Massey also maintained a second set of books that reported on production and maintenance, as well as hazards and violations of law. PCC/Massey noted some hazards in this second set of books that it did not record in the required examination books. PCC/Massey did not make this second set of books available to mine employees or inspectors. 2 PCC/Massey allowed conditions in the UBB mine to exist that set the stage for a catastrophic mine explosion. The tragedy at UBB began with a methane ignition that transitioned into a small methane explosion that then set off a massive coal dust explosion. If basic safety measures had been in place that prevented any of these three events, there would have been no loss of life at UBB. PCC/Massey could have prevented the methane ignition and explosion had it maintained its longwall shearer in safe operating condition. A longwall shearer is part of a longwall mining machine and has large rotating cutting drums equipped with bits that cut coal as it moves on a track across the working face. A system of water sprays suppresses dust as well as “hot streaks,” which are smears of metal found on rock when metal is heated to near its melting point from friction caused by the shearer’s bits hitting into layers of rock above or below the coal seam. PCC/Massey operated the shearer at UBB with worn bits and missing water sprays, creating an ignition source for methane on the longwall. Had PCC/Massey followed basic safety practices, the small methane explosion that set off the dust explosion would have been contained or prevented. PCC/Massey did not take proper measures to detect methane concentrations throughout the mine. PCC/Massey’s failure to comply with UBB’s approved ventilation and roof control plans exacerbated the risk of methane accumulation. The law requires adequate ventilation of underground coal mines to prevent unsafe levels of methane and other dangerous gasses, and provide miners with breathable air. PCC/Massey ventilation practices led to erratic changes in air flow and direction. Its failure to install supplemental roof supports as required by UBB’s plan led to a roof fall in an airway that limited airflow, contributing to the accumulation of methane in the area where the explosion originated. Finally, PCC/Massey violated fundamental safety standards by permitting significant amounts of float coal dust, coal dust, and loose coal to accumulate in the mine. This became the fuel for the explosion. Sufficient rock dust, used to make coal dust inert and prevent it from catching fire or fueling an explosion, would have prevented a coal dust explosion from occurring. PCC/Massey did not follow the fundamental safety practice of applying rock dust adequately to eliminate this hazard. PCC/Massey knew or should have known about all of these hazards but failed to take corrective action to prevent a catastrophic accident. For example, UBB’s required examination books showed records of hazards that PCC/Massey did not correct. The examination books also showed that PCC/Massey failed to perform required pre-shift, on-shift, and weekly examinations to find and correct hazards. When the books indicated PCC/Massey examiners did conduct exams, they failed to identify obvious hazards, such as accumulations of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust in the area where the explosion occurred. 3 Specific Accident Investigation Conclusions – PCC/Massey’s Management Practices that Led to the Explosion PCC/Massey failed to perform required mine examinations adequately and remedy known hazards and violations of law MSHA regulations require mine operators to examine certain areas of the mine on a weekly basis, as well as before and during each shift, to identify hazardous conditions. MSHA’s accident investigation found that PCC/Massey regularly failed to examine the mine properly for hazards putting miners at risk and directly contributing to the April 5 explosion. At UBB, PCC/Massey examiners often did not travel to areas they were required to inspect or, in some cases, travelled to the areas but did not perform the required inspections and measurements. For example, PCC/Massey conducted no methane examinations on the longwall tailgate, the area of the longwall where the explosion began, in the weeks prior to the explosion. Even when PCC/Massey performed inspections and identified hazards, it frequently did not correct them. Because of these practices, loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust accumulated to dangerous levels over days, weeks, and months and provided the fuel for the April 5 explosion. PCC/Massey kept two sets of books, thus concealing hazardous conditions During the course of the investigation, MSHA discovered that PCC/Massey kept two sets of books at UBB: one set of production and maintenance books for internal use only, and the required examination books that, under the Mine Act, are open to review by MSHA and miners. MSHA regulations mandate that the required examination books contain a record of all hazards. Enforcement personnel must rely on their accuracy and completeness to guide them in conducting their physical inspections. PCC/Massey often recorded hazards in its internal production and maintenance books, but failed to record the same hazards in the required examination book provided to enforcement personnel to review. Some of the hazards described in the hidden “second set of books” were consistent with conditions that existed at the time of the explosion, including the practice of removing sprays on the longwall shearer. Testimony from miners at UBB revealed they felt pressured by management not to record hazards in the required examination books. Furthermore, even when PCC/Massey recorded hazards in the required examination books – such as belts that needed to be cleaned or rock dusted – it often failed to correct the identified hazards. In addition to undocumented hazards in the required examination books, PCC/Massey failed to report accident data accurately. MSHA’s post-accident audit revealed that, in 2009, UBB had twice as many accidents as the operator reported to MSHA. 4 PCC/Massey intimidated miners to prevent MSHA from receiving evidence of safety and health violations and hazards The Mine Act protects miners if they are fired or subjected to other adverse employment actions because they reported a safety or health hazard. These whistleblower protections give miners a voice in the workplace and allow them to protect themselves when mine operators engage in illegal and dangerous practices. Testimony revealed that UBB’s miners were intimidated to prevent them from exercising their whistleblower rights. Production delays to resolve safety-related issues often were met by UBB officials with threats of retaliation and disciplinary actions. On one occasion when a foreman stopped production to fix ventilation problems, Chris Blanchard, PCC’s president, was overheard saying: “If you don’t start running coal up there, I’m going to bring the whole crew outside and get rid of every one of you.” Witness interviews also revealed that a top company official suspended a section foreman who delayed production for one or two hours to make needed safety corrections. MSHA did not receive a single safety or health complaint relating to underground conditions at UBB for approximately four years preceding the explosion even though MSHA offers a toll-free hotline for miners to make anonymous safety and health complaints. PCC/Massey also had a toll-free number for safety and health complaints, but miners testified that they were reluctant to use it for fear of retaliation. PCC/Massey failed to provide adequate training for workers Records and testimony indicate that PCC/Massey inadequately trained their examiners, foremen and miners in mine health and safety. It failed to provide experienced miner training, especially in the area of hazard recognition; failed to provide task training to those performing new job tasks; and failed to provide required annual refresher training. This lack of training left miners unequipped to identify and correct hazards at UBB. PCC/Massey established a regular practice of giving advance notice of inspections to hide violations and hazards from enforcement personnel Under the Mine Act, it is illegal for mine operators’ employees to give advance notice of an inspection by MSHA enforcement personnel. Despite this statutory prohibition, UBB miners testified that PCC/Massey mine personnel on the surface routinely notified them prior to the arrival of enforcement personnel. Miners and others testified they were instructed by upper management to alert miners underground of the arrival of enforcement personnel so hazardous conditions could be concealed. UBB dispatchers testified they were told to notify miners underground when MSHA inspectors arrived on the property, and if they did not, there would be consequences. 5 Advance notice gave those underground the opportunity to alter conditions and fix or hide hazards immediately prior to enforcement personnel’s arrival on the working section. PCC/Massey also made ventilation changes in the areas where MSHA inspectors planned to travel, concealing actual production conditions from enforcement personnel. On October 26, 2011, Hughie Elbert Stover, PCC’s former head of security for UBB, was found guilty in the United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia of a felony count of making false, fictitious and fraudulent statements to MSHA regarding company policy on advance notice. In an interview with the MSHA accident investigation team, Stover testified that Massey had a policy prohibiting security guards from providing advance notice of MSHA inspections; however, the evidence indicated that he had personally directed guards to provide advance notice. Specific Accident Investigation Conclusions – Physical Causes of the Explosion A small amount of methane, likely liberated from the mine floor, accumulated in the longwall area due to poor ventilation and roof control practices Based on physical evidence, the investigation concluded that methane was likely liberated from floor fractures into the mine atmosphere on April 5, the day of the explosion. The investigation team subsequently identified floor fractures with methane liberation at longwall shields (a system of hydraulic jacks that supports the roof as coal is being mined) near the tailgate, the end of the longwall where the explosion began. This methane liberation occurred because PCC/Massey mined into a fault zone that was a reservoir and conduit for methane. MSHA believes that this is the same fault zone associated with methane inundations at UBB in 2003 and 2004, and a 1997 methane explosion. PCC/Massey’s failure to comply with its roof control plan allowed methane to accumulate in the tailgate area. UBB’s roof control plan required placement of supplemental supports, in the form of two rows of 8-foot cable bolts or posts, between the primary supports in the longwall tailgate. PCC/Massey installed only one row of these supplemental supports. This lack of roof support contributed to the fall of the tailgate roof, which in turn restricted the airflow leaving the longwall face. The reduced air flow allowed methane to accumulate in the tailgate without being diluted or ventilated from the mine. As a result, an explosive mixture of methane was present in this area. PCC/Massey failed to maintain the UBB longwall shearer, creating an ignition source for accumulated methane MSHA has identified the longwall shearer as the likely source of the ignition of the methane accumulated in the tailgate area. PCC/Massey was using the longwall shearer to mine in the area near the tailgate. Evidence showed that methane likely migrated 6 from behind the longwall shields to the longwall shearer, and that an accumulation of methane developed near the tailgate. Evidence also revealed that the longwall shearer was not properly maintained by PCC/Massey. Two of the cutting bits on the tail drum were worn flat and lost their carbide tips. The dull, worn shearer bits likely created an ignition source by creating hot streaks while cutting sandstone. Well-maintained longwall shearers, which include sharp bits and effective water spray systems, protect against these kinds of ignitions and also control the dust during the mining process. The water sprays create air pressure to move methane away from the area where the shearer is cutting and prevents ignitions by spraying water to suppress hot streaks on the longwall face. At the time of the accident, PCC/Massey’s longwall shearer was cutting through both coal and sandstone with seven water-spray nozzles missing. As a result, the shearer did not have the minimum required water pressure. The ineffective sprays failed to move the methane away from the shearer bits and cool the hot streaks created during the mining process. As a result, methane ignited. The evidence indicated that the flame from the initial methane ignition then ignited a larger accumulation of methane. However, the ignition of the larger body of methane did not happen immediately. Approximately two minutes elapsed between the ignition and the explosion. The electronically recorded event log indicates the shearer was shut off with the remote control just before 3:00 p.m. MSHA has concluded that the tail shearer operator stopped the shearer shortly after the initial ignition, which continued to burn near the longwall tailgate. Realizing that the ignition could not be controlled, the miners in the tailgate area began evacuating. At approximately 3:02 p.m., the flame encountered a larger methane accumulation in the tailgate area, triggering a localized explosion. PCC/Massey allowed coal dust to accumulate throughout UBB, providing a fuel source for a massive explosion The small methane explosion near the tailgate immediately encountered fuel in the form of dangerous accumulations of float coal dust and coal dust, which propagated the explosion beginning in the tailgate entry. The resulting coal dust explosion killed the 29 miners. PCC/Massey records demonstrate that examiners allowed these and other accumulations in the mine to build up over days, weeks, and months. Loose coal, coal dust and float coal dust were abundant in all areas of the mine, including the area affected by the explosion. Many of these accumulations were left from the initial development of this area of the mine, indicating a long-established policy of ignoring basic safety practices. PCC/Massey failed to rock dust the mine adequately to prevent a coal dust explosion and its propagation through the mine If the mine had been rock dusted so that the coal dust had contained sufficient quantities of incombustible content, the localized methane explosion would not have propagated, or expanded, any further. According to testimony and other evidence, 7 PCC/Massey applied grossly inadequate quantities of rock dust. Miners stated that areas were not well dusted, that the walls, roof and floor in areas of the mine were darkcolored – which indicates a lack of rock dust. There is no evidence that during the mining of the longwall, PCC/Massey ever applied rock dust in the tailgate entry -- the entry where the mine’s ventilation system carried coal dust from the mining process. The mine’s rock dusting equipment frequently failed As a result of a systematic failure to properly apply rock dust, the coal dust explosion continued to propagate through the mine, killing miners as far as approximately 5,000 feet from the point of ignition. Rescue and Recovery Efforts at UBB Intensive rescue activities involving more than 20 rescue teams – including teams from MSHA, PCC/Massey, the WVOMHST, and other mine operators – mobilized and began to search for missing miners soon after the accident occurred on April 5. The presence of combustible gasses in the mine prompted rescue teams to evacuate at least three times during the rescue efforts. On April 9, rescue teams located the last of the victims and determined that none of the 29 miners reported missing had survived. On Tuesday, April 13, the last victim was recovered from the mine. During rescue and recovery efforts, MSHA family liaisons – pursuant to a program established under the Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response (MINER) Act of 2006 – served as the agency’s primary communicators with the families of the missing miners. The liaisons remained with the families continuously from April 5 through April 10. Assistant Secretary Main, Coal Administrator Kevin Stricklin, thenGovernor Manchin and, at times, company representatives, gave regular updates to the families on the search for their loved ones. Specific Accident Investigation Conclusions - Alternate Theories Tested and Found Insufficient The MSHA accident investigation team carefully considered other possible scenarios to explain the events of April 5, 2010, but a lack of supporting evidence disproved these alternative explanations. One theory tested was that a massive inundation of methane caused the explosion. However, the flame path, pressures generated by the explosion, and the limited quantity of methane detected prior to and after the explosion were inconsistent with that theory. In addition, previous methane inundations at UBB in 2003 and 2004 were localized at the point of gas discharging from fractures in the mine floor and gas release would dissipate within a few days. The volume and pressure of gas and the size of the floor fractures were relatively small. Thus, the volume of gas released from the floor was also small. Similarly, the team could find no evidence to support the theory that the explosion was caused by cutting into a gas well or by a seismic event. 8 Specific Accident Investigation Conclusions – Citations and Orders Issued Associated with the issuance of this accident investigation report, MSHA issued 12 citations and orders to PCC/Massey for violations of the Mine Act and its implementing regulations that contributed to the April 5 explosion. MSHA also issued 357 violations of the Mine Act and regulations to PCC/Massey for conditions and practices discovered at UBB that did not directly contribute to the explosion. MSHA designated 9 of these contributory violations as “flagrant.” Flagrant violations, the most serious violations MSHA can issue, are eligible for the highest penalty possible under the Mine Act. The flagrant violations committed by PCC/Massey are:  illegally providing advance notice to miners of MSHA inspections (a violation of Section 103(a) of the Mine Act);  failing to properly conduct required examinations and to identify, record, and correct hazards (4 flagrants for violations of 30 CFR sections 75.360, 75.362, 75.363(a), and 75.364);  allowing hazardous levels of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust to accumulate (violation of 30 CFR section 75.400);  failing to adequately apply rock dust to the mine (violation of 30 CFR section 75.403);  failing to comply with the approved ventilation plan by operating the shearer with missing and clogged water sprays (violation of 30 CFR section 75.370(a)(1)); and  failing to adequately train its miners (violation of 30 CFR part 48.3). PCC/Massey also committed three contributory violations that were not flagrant:  failing to maintain the longwall shearer (worn bits) in safe operating condition (violation of 30 CFR 75.1725(a));  failing to comply with its approved roof control plan in the 1 North Panel tailgate entry, as required by the approved roof control plan (violation of 30 CFR 75.220(a)(1)); and  failing to maintain the volume and velocity of the air current in the areas where persons work or travel at a sufficient volume and velocity to dilute, render harmless, and carry away flammable, explosive, noxious, and harmful gases, dusts, smoke, and fumes (violation of 30 CFR 75.321(a)(1)). 9 MSHA also issued two contributory violations to David Stanley Consulting, LLC, a contractor that supplied examiners and other miners to work at the UBB, for its examiner’s failure to properly conduct examinations. MSHA Internal Review In addition to the accident investigation, a separate internal review is examining MSHA’s actions related to UBB prior to the explosion and during the rescue and recovery operation. The internal review will evaluate the quality of MSHA’s enforcement activities, including any weaknesses, and the adequacy of regulations, policies and procedures. A report and recommendations will be provided to the Assistant Secretary for appropriate action with the aim of better improving the agency’s performance and helping prevent the occurrence of future accidents. 10 MINE MAP WEST JARRELLS MAINS NORTH JARRELLS MAINS GLORY HOLE BANDYTOWN FAN SHAFT 22?\ 1 NORTH TAILGATE 22 1 NORTH TAILGATE ELLIS SWITCH ?a SWITCH ELLIS PORTAL 1 NORTH HEADGATE BARRIER SECTION NORTH PORTAL SOUTH PORTAL SILO 11 GENERAL INFORMATION On April 5, 2010, at approximately 3:02 p.m., a massive coal dust explosion occurred at Upper Big Branch Mine-South (UBB), resulting in the deaths of 29 miners and injuries to two miners who survived. A list of the victims and injured is provided in Appendix A. Mine Information The Upper Big Branch Mine-South (UBB), I.D. No. 46-08436, is an underground bituminous coal mine located approximately one mile west of Montcoal, off State Route 3 in Raleigh County, West Virginia. At the time of the accident, the mine was owned and operated by Performance Coal Company (PCC) of Naoma, West Virginia, a subsidiary of Massey Energy Company (Massey). The mine had opened as the Montcoal Eagle Mine on September 1, 1994, operated by Peabody Coal Company. PCC acquired the mine and began production shortly after October 15, 1994 as Upper Big Branch Mine-South. Alpha Natural Resources acquired PCC and Massey in June, 2011. PCC mined coal at UBB from the Eagle coal seam. The average thickness of the seam was 54 inches, including sandstone partings. PCC achieved an average mining height of approximately 84 inches by mining the immediate roof and floor, predominantly composed of shale and sandstone. In 2009, PCC produced 1,235,462 raw tons of coal. At UBB, PCC utilized a longwall, a method of mining in which a cutting machine known as a “shearer” cuts coal in a long, single slice. Typically, the longwall operated seven days per week and development sections operated five to six days per week. There were two overlapping 10-hour longwall production shifts and a 9-hour maintenance shift. According to company records, PCC employed 186 underground and four surface employees at UBB on the day of the accident. There were also 16 labor contractors working for David Stanley Consultants, LLC. (DSC) and Mountaineer Labor Solutions, LLC (MLS). At the time of the accident, no labor organization represented employees; nor was there a miners’ representative designated under the Mine Act. At the time of the accident, the mine had four sets of drift openings and a fan shaft. Miners generally entered the mine from the Ellis portal or the North or South (known as UBB) portals. Four active sections were producing coal, including the 1 North Longwall Panel, Headgate 22 (HG 22), Tailgate 22 (TG 22), and one advancing room-and-pillar section (known as the “Barrier Section”). A detailed mine map is shown in Appendix B. There was also one deactivated super section located in the southern area of the mine. The approximately 1,000-foot wide, active longwall panel had mined approximately 5,450 feet, with about 1,240 feet remaining in the panel. Previously-mined longwall panels ranged from 3,000 feet to 17,000 feet in length. In the course of this previous mining, a non-fatal ignition or explosion occurred in 1997 on the 2 West Panel, and gas inflow incidents occurred in 2003 on Longwall Panel 16 and in 2004 on Longwall Panel 17. These events will be discussed in subsection “Outburst History at UBB” later in this report. 12 PCC transferred personnel, mining equipment, and supplies throughout the mine using battery-powered mantrips and supply motors. PCC transferred coal from the respective sections to the surface by a series of conveyor belts, which were in turn connected to overland belts. The overland belts carried the coal through adjacent mine workings in the Eagle Seam to the Marfork preparation plant near Packsville, West Virginia. PCC used an Atmospheric Monitoring System (AMS) on the conveyor belts for fire-detection and for individual conveyor belt status reports. An AMS operator monitored the system from the surface. Underground employees used a “leaky feeder” radio system installed at all active sections and along the primary and secondary escapeways for two-way communications. Underground employees would report their locations periodically to the dispatcher for tracking purposes. Underground employees were also tracked using wireless radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and a network of RFID tag readers. At the time of the accident, the tracking system was installed to just inby crosscut 101 of the North Glory Mains. Management Structure Testimony indicated that the upper management officials at UBB on April 5, 2010 were:             Christopher L. Blanchard, President Jamie Ferguson, Vice President Wayne Persinger, General Manager Everett Hager, Superintendent - North Gary May, Superintendent - South Terry Moore, Mine Foreman - North Rick Foster, Mine Foreman - South Paul Thompson, Maintenance Manager Jack Roles, Longwall Coordinator Berman Cornett, Safety Director Jim Walker, Safety Director Jason Whitehead, Vice President of Route 3 Operations In addition to these individuals, PCC maintained a separate list of “Corporate Officers” on April 5, 2010:         Christopher L. Blanchard, President Tammy L. Tomblin, Chief Accounting Officer Jeffrey M. Jarosinski, Treasurer Richard R. Grinnan, Secretary Andrew B. Hampton, Assistant Secretary M. Shane Harvey, Assistant Secretary Phillip C. Monroe, Assistant Secretary Larry E. Palmer, Assistant Secretary 13 Massey also provided significant oversight and involvement at the mine in engineering, production, and safety issues. A list of Massey’s corporate structure as reported to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) can be found in Appendix C. Some of these key officials include: Don L. Blankenship, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Baxter F. Phillips, Jr., President J. Christopher Adkins, Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Mark A. Clemens, Senior Vice President, Group Operations Michael K. Snelling, Vice President, Surface Operations Michael D. Bauersachs, Vice President, Planning Jeffrey M. Gillenwater, Vice President, Human Resources Richard R. Grinnan, Vice President and Corporate Secretary M. Shane Harvey, Vice President and General Counsel Jeffrey M. Jarosinski, Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Compliance Officer John M. Poma, Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer Steve E. Sears, Vice President, Sales and Marketing Eric B. Tolbert, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer David W. Owings, Corporate Controller and Principal Accounting Officer The management officials of DSC (which provided contract labor to UBB) on April 5, 2010 were: Jim Hayhurst, President/Chief Executive Officer John Bevilock, Executive Vice President Jim Gump, Director/Operations & Safety Beth Straton, Regional Manager The management officials of MLS (which provided contract labor to UBB) on April 5, 2010 were: Brian Buzzard, Owner Kim Buzzard, Owner DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCIDENT Events Preceding the Explosion The longwall began production at UBB in September 2009, several years earlier than planned, because three longwall panels that were to be mined at the Castle mine were, in fact, not mineable due to thin coal. The longwall began production at UBB in September, 2009 even though the tailgate for 1 North Panel at UBB was not designed for a longwall. Instead, it was planned to be used to access continuous miner panels. 14 Water in the area behind the longwall was a persistent problem at UBB. Water leakage due to subsidence into a flooded area in the overlying Castle mine resulted in accumulations in several areas in the bleeders and, early on in development, on the longwall face. The operator employed pumps to maintain the water depth at a level which would not affect ventilation. What follows is a chronological summary of the movements of miners and mining events just prior to the explosion. While much is now known, some events cannot be detailed with precision; many witnesses to events tragically lost their lives on April 5. Additionally, a number of key management officials exercised their Fifth Amendment rights and declined to talk to MSHA investigators. All personnel who exercised their Fifth Amendment rights can be found in Appendix D. April 4, 2010 was Easter Sunday and UBB was reportedly idle most of the day in observance of the holiday. Preshift examinations for the midnight shift began at approximately 8:00 pm, and no hazards were recorded. At about 11:00 p.m., the UBB midnight maintenance crews began working to prepare the mine for the resumption of production on Monday’s day shift. The midnight shift reported no hazards, unusual conditions or events. Prior to the arrival of the day shift production crews on Monday morning, the preshift examinations for the longwall and two gateroad development sections were called out of the mine between 5:16 a.m. and 5:51 a.m. on April 5, 2010. According to the preshift report for HG 22, two entries required cleaning and rock dusting. No other hazards were reported; however, there was no report that the belt was examined. No hazards were reported for the longwall or TG 22 section. Between 3:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m. on April 5, the preshift examinations were conducted on the conveyor belts in the northern part of the mine. The records for those examinations indicated that six of the nine belts examined required rock dusting and five of the belts required cleaning. On April 5, 190 UBB employees and 16 contract miners were working or scheduled to work. The day-shift production crews included miners working on the longwall, HG 22, TG 22, and Barrier sections; the support crews included those on pumping and track maintenance. At times throughout the day, additional managers, examiners and miners entered and exited the mine. The starting times for the day shift production and support crews were staggered. The longwall and HG 22 crews entered the mine at the Ellis Portal at approximately 6:00 a.m. Longwall Section Foreman, Richard “Rick” Lane, had a crew consisting of Rex Mullins, Headgate Operator; Joel Price and Gary Quarles, Jr., Shearer Operators; Dillard Persinger, Shield Operator; and Christopher Bell, Utility. They were accompanied by the longwall maintenance/utility crew, including Charles “Timmy” Davis, Assistant Longwall Coordinator; Grover Skeens, Maintenance Foreman; Nicholas McCroskey, Electrician; Cory Davis and Adam Morgan, red hats (trainees); and Joshua Napper, red hat (contractor trainee). 15 The HG 22 Section Foreman, Edward “Dean” Jones had a crew that consisted of William Griffith and Joe Marcum, Continuous Miner Operators; James “Eddie” Mooney and Ricky Workman, Shuttle Car Operators; Howard “Boone” Payne and Kenneth Chapman, Roof Bolt Operators; Gregory Brock, Electrician; and Ronald Maynor, Scoop Operator. Michael Elswick, Belt Examiner, entered the mine through the Ellis Portal at 6:03 a.m. At 6:36 a.m., Elswick traveled inby the 78 switch, which is located at the mouth of the North Glory Mains. Jeremy Burghduff, Outby Foreman, took his crew, David Farley and Jason Stanley, into the mine from the Ellis Portal at 6:28 a.m. to pump water behind the longwall and to conduct the weekly examination of the area and the preshift examination for the crew that was with him. Both members of Burghduff’s crew were contractors employed by DSC. Stanley was a red hat miner. Burghduff’s assignment included examining and maintaining a series of compressed air pumps behind the 1 North Panel. The Barrier Section Crew (Jack Martin, Section Foreman; Jeremy Rife and Eddie Foster, Continuous Miner Operators; Chris Cadle and Danny Williams, Roof Bolter Operators; Melvin Lynch and Wes Curry, Shuttle Car Operators; and James Bailey, Electrician) entered the mine from the North portals at approximately 6:40 a.m. The TG 22 Section Foreman, Steve Harrah, took his crew into the mine at 6:42 a.m. from the North Portal. This crew included Robert Clark, Continuous Miner Operator; William Lynch and Deward Scott, Shuttle Car Operators; Carl Acord, Timmy Blake, and Jason Atkins, Roof Bolters; Benny Willingham, Scoop Operator; and James K. Woods, Electrician. Ralph Plumley, Track Coordinator, and his crew entered the mine at approximately 7:26 a.m. from the Ellis Portal. Plumley’s crew consisted of Eric Jackson and Tommy Owen Davis, both track workers. The destination of this crew was HG 22, where they were to continue advancing the track into the section. Interviews of the dayshift miners indicated that April 5 was not unusual until the time of the explosion. Mike Kiblinger, Tim Sigmon, and Matt Warden went to the HG 22 mother drive installation area around 9:30 a.m. to move their tools from that location to the new development near the Ellis Portal. Mark Gilbert, John Cox and Jerry Weeks delivered supplies to HG 22 at approximately 11:00 a.m. Scott Halstead started his examination from the longwall headgate at approximately 12:40 p.m. and he walked out of the Ellis Portal at approximately 2:25 p.m. Thomas Sheets and Virgil Bowman installed electric cables at the HG 22 mother drive and left the area at approximately 2:15 p.m. Billy Massey and Bruce Vickers delivered supplies to HG 22 and left the section about 2:15 p.m. None of these individuals indicated that they were aware of any problems or unusual conditions. 16 Billy Massey said that he saw Everett Hager, Mine Superintendent, at HG 22 shortly before 2:00 p.m. Electronic tracking data showed that Hager and Jack Roles, Longwall Coordinator, traveled outby the tag reader at 6 North starter box near 78 Switch at 1:55 p.m. These UBB managers exercised their Fifth Amendment rights and declined to be interviewed. Therefore, their exact routes of travel and activities can not be definitively determined. Toward the end of the day shift, a series of reports were called out of the mine. The evening preshift report for HG 22 indicated one entry that required rock dusting but no other hazards. The maximum reported methane level was 0.3 percent; however, the air quantity was not recorded as required. Although the pre-shift report was called out to Patrick Hilbert, evening shift foreman for HG 22, neither the certified person who performed the pre-shift exam nor the time of the exam was recorded. Steve Harrah called out the TG 22 pre-shift examination at 2:38 p.m. to Brian Collins, the evening shift TG 22 foreman, who recorded the report. The TG 22 examination listed “0 %” methane, 32,360 cubic feet per minute (cfm) air quantity in the last open crosscut (LOC), and no hazards. The longwall pre-shift examination was called out by Rick Lane at 2:40 p.m. and was recorded by Kevin Medley, the oncoming evening shift foreman for the longwall. The longwall pre-shift examination listed 0.0 percent methane, 56,840 cfm air quantity in the intake, and air velocity readings of 776 feet per minute (fpm) at longwall shield 9 and 513 fpm at shield 160, and no hazards. Michael Elswick, fireboss, phoned out the pre-shift report for the conveyor belts at 2:30 p.m. and the report listed that eight of ten belts needed rock dusting and six belts needed cleaning. Normal production was reported for HG 22 and TG 22 during the day shift. However, the longwall was not running for much of the day due to mechanical problems. The first production report was called out at 7:30 a.m. The longwall made two passes and ran until 11:00 a.m. The longwall was down from 11:00 a.m. to about 1:30 p.m. because of a lost “B-Lock” on the ranging arm of the longwall shearer. Rex Mullins called outside at 2:30 p.m. to report that the longwall shearer was at shield 115 and cutting toward the tailgate. Jeremy Burghduff and his pumping crew left the tailgate area of the longwall in their mantrip around 2:30 p.m. and called out for clearance to use the track at 78 switch at 2:36 p.m. Ralph Plumley and his track maintenance crew left the HG 22 section around 2:30 p.m. and called out for track access at 78 switch at 2:42 p.m. Elswick had called his examination out of the mine at 2:30 p.m. and was waiting near the longwall mother drive to catch a ride out of the mine. The TG 22 crew left the section about 2:50 p.m. and at 3:00 p.m. called for track access at 78 switch. The HG 22 crew was in the process of boarding its mantrip at the time of the explosion, while the longwall crew was still in the process of mining coal. Investigation of the longwall shows that it was operating near the tailgate up until a minute or two prior to the explosion. The shearer was shut off by the tailgate side remote control at approximately 3:00 p.m. The pan line was shut down by someone on 17 the longwall face. The headgate operator manually cut off the water to the shearer and manually disconnected the high-voltage power to the shearer. The longwall personnel near the shearer traveled about 400 feet from the tailgate prior to the explosion. The distance between the miners and the shearer indicates that the miners realized that an uncontrollable event was occurring and they were traveling away from that area at the time of the explosion. Description of the April 5, 2010 Accident A massive explosion occurred in the northern portion of UBB at approximately 3:02 p.m. At this time, the electrical power went off to the Ellis Portal; this portal’s power was supplied from underground. Phone communications with the longwall, HG 22, and TG 22 sections were disrupted. Witness testimony, various digital records, and postexplosion analyses of the electronic timing devices confirm the timing of the explosion. Individuals who were either in the mine or near the portals about 3:00 p.m. described their observations of the conditions including the magnitude of the explosion. The evening shift longwall crew and the HG 22 crew were boarding mantrips about three crosscuts inside the Ellis Portal. They felt a reversal of the air direction, and subsequently, the air flow from inside the mine increased in intensity to the point where the miners were pelted with dirt and debris, their hard hats were blown off, and some miners were knocked over. Mike Kiblinger, an outby maintenance foreman, who was standing by the Ellis Portal at the time of the explosion, recalled “It was blowing crib blocks out and just like a real strong wind, like a hurricane wind. And… a couple people. It blew them out. They were rolling.” Adam Jenkins, Dispatcher at the UBB office, described the event: …at three o'clock…called me from 78 Break, asked for a road outside… And a couple minutes later that's when it happened. All the dust started— just a white smoke started pouring out the portals, and it sounded like thunder. It was constant. And I didn't know what happened. And Gary May, he said, Oh, Lord,… something's bad happened… That all happened at the same time. That's when all that dust started gushing out here and the COs [AMS] went all crazy all at the same time. It all happened within seconds of each other. So I turned around and the COs started going off, and then the dust started coming out the portals, because you could see it from the window… Greg Clay, Purchasing Agent, witnessed the results of the explosion at the UBB Portals: I was trying to get ahold [sic] of the headgate operator because I was waiting on the three o'clock report. And I guess about three minutes after 3:00, I just heard this bam (indicates noise). I thought the fan had thrown a blade or something because it's making a real bad noise. And I raised 18 up out of my chair…I looked out the window and I could just see rock dust and debris blowing out of the portals. And it just sounded like jet engines at each portal. The air was just gushing out of the portals. Several witnesses testified that mine fans at the UBB Portals stalled from the air pressure. Thomas Sheets, Maintenance Foreman said: …the fan's…sounds like it's going to come off the foundation [fan at UBB Portal]. So I start running towards the fan. John Henline come down and started running towards the fan with me. Dust started coming out the track entry. We got to the fan house. I started to shut the fan down. I didn't know what happened. I just didn't think that quick, but I thought the fan was coming off the foundation, and I don't want the fan blades going. That's quite a mess, and then just in a matter of minutes it was all over. Pressure came down…That was basically it. We knew we had an explosion at this point. John Henline said ‘She's blew up’… At the time of the explosion, a crew that had been setting up a miner section near the Ellis Portal was traveling inby in a mantrip on the way back to the North Portal at the end of their shift. Joshua Williams, Roof Bolter, described the experience: We was coming up the track, and the guy I was bolting with, he said, ‘Man, it's dusty.’ I said, ‘Yeah.’ Then he said, ‘Do you feel a lot of air coming down the track?’ I said, ‘Yeah.’ He said, ‘It wasn't doing that this morning.’ We kept on going, and my ears popped and I couldn't hear nothing. And then that's when we hit air… started pushing our mantrip back. It was throwing blocks, foam. That's when I laid down on the mantrip and threw my jacket over my head and was starting to get my rescuer out because I didn't know what in the world was going on. …It blew our mantrip. It blew it probably five crosscuts [outby]…we rode the track all the way back out to the Ellis Portal, and then we went outside… Several miners near the portals were able to evacuate the mine. Surface personnel began notifying underground personnel to evacuate and initiated the mine’s emergency response plan. Accident Notification, Mine Evacuation and Initial Emergency Response Accident Notification The Mine Act and regulations require that a mine operator report a serious accident to MSHA within 15 minutes of the occurrence. This notification is essential so that MSHA can properly assess and respond to the accident. PCC and Massey delayed reporting the accident to MSHA and failed to properly inform MSHA of its magnitude. Chris 19 Blanchard called Jonah Bowles, Safety Director at Massey’s Marfork mine, at 3:27 p.m. and asked him to report this occurrence to MSHA. Bowles called MSHA’s Call Center Hotline at 3:30 p.m. and reported an inundation of carbon monoxide (CO) at UBB. He reported CO concentrations of 50 to 100 ppm and an air reversal on the beltline at the Ellis Portal. He was asked if anyone was trapped or injured and responded “no.” He was also asked if there was a fire or any fatalities, and again responded “no.” He stated that the CO readings might indicate a fire. The MSHA hotline operator called MSHA Coal Mine Safety and Health District Four (D4) at 3:42 p.m. and relayed this accident information. Robert Hardman, D4 Manager, phoned UBB and issued a verbal control Order under Section 103(j) of the Mine Act to David Taraczkozy, UBB Chief Electrician at 4:00 p.m. Mine Evacuation The Barrier Section Crew exited the mine at the North portal at approximately 3:35 p.m. Clifton Earls-Supplyman and Jeremy Woods-Supplyman were removing track at the East Mains area inby the South Portal. They were not informed that an explosion had occurred and exited the mine at about 4:10 p.m. Initial Emergency Response—Arrival of Rescuers and Other Personnel to the Accident Scene At the Ellis Portal, approximately 25-30 minutes after the explosion, Chris Blanchard, another top company official, Jack Roles, Everett Hager, Wayne Persinger, and Patrick Hilbert (all of whom were upper management at UBB, except for Hilbert), took a mantrip into the mine. All of these individuals were bare-faced (i.e. without mine rescue apparatus) and some had Solaris handheld multi-gas detectors. At the Ellis switch, they called out their location and proceeded inby slowly. At crosscut 42, they saw the light from a miner’s cap lamp approaching them. Continuing inby, at about crosscut 47, they encountered Timothy Blake, the source of the light, walking out of the mine. He was wearing his self-contained self rescuer (SCSR). Chris Blanchard asked what had happened and Blake stated that there had been an explosion. Blake said that his crew was inby about 20 crosscuts. Blake told them that he had put SCSRs on everyone he could (he was unable to do so for Deward Scott because it could not be located). During his interview, Blake stated, “So I went around to each man again, felt for a pulse. Everybody had a pulse but one man. I couldn’t find no pulse on him. That’s the man I couldn’t find a rescuer. And I had to leave them. That was the hardest thing I ever done.” 20 Immediately after the dust stopped blowing out of the UBB Portals, Gary May walked into the North Portal intake entry. Rick Foster took a mantrip into the mine. Jim Walker and Berman Cornett, Safety Directors, started walking in the track entry from the North Portal and met Foster at Plumley switch. Foster, Walker, and Cornett continued inby via the mantrip and caught up with Gary May at the Ellis switch at approximately 3:55 p.m. After making the turn onto the Old North Mains track, Rick Foster proceeded inby via the mantrip, followed by Walker, Cornett, and May on foot. Meanwhile, Blanchard, another top company official, Persinger, Hager, and Roles, who were ahead of Foster’s mantrip, continued inby on foot and left Hilbert (an emergency medical technician) with Blake at the mantrip. Persinger, Hager, and Roles carried extra SCSRs with them. Blanchard and another top company official reached the TG 22 mantrip and flagged the others behind them to hurry. Blanchard and another top company official told Roles to go back and get the mantrip that was left with Blake and Hilbert. Persinger opened the SCSR cache, removed SCSRs from the injured miners and put new SCSRs on them. Persinger provided a written statement on April 6, 2010, which was later provided to the accident investigation team, that James Woods was laboring heavily and that he did not detect a pulse on the remaining TG 22 miners. Foster, Cornett, and Walker arrived in another mantrip. Cornett told Foster to call the dispatcher and request several ambulances. Soon afterward, Foster was told to get his mantrip out of the way, so he started out of the mine. The injured miners were loaded into the two remaining mantrips. The first mantrip included Harrah, Woods, Lynch and Acord and was operated by Hilbert. Persinger boarded the first mantrip and worked with Woods who was still responsive. The remaining TG 22 miners were loaded back into their mantrip, which was operated by Everett Hager. All three mantrips traveled out of the mine carrying the victims and rescuers, except for Chris Blanchard and another top company official who proceeded inby on foot. Greg Clay called the Raleigh County 911 Dispatch at 4:22 p.m., requesting several ambulances at UBB. Clay stated they had several injured. Clay said they were in the process of removing the miners from the mine. The Boone County E-911 was notified at 4:26 p.m. about a possible roof cave-in, with possibly ten miners involved. At about 4:30 p.m. units were en-route from the Whitesville Volunteer Fire Department (WVFD). WVFD paramedics and first responders traveled to the Ellis Portal mine site, arriving before the victims were brought outside. As victims were brought out of the mine, the paramedics attempted resuscitation using defibrillators and CPR. Seven of the miners were unresponsive. Blake came out with the first mantrip and refused treatment by the paramedics. When Woods was brought outside he was loaded into an ambulance and transported to the Whitesville High School football field for transport by medical helicopter. 21 Jim Hodges, Boone County Medical Examiner, arrived at approximately 5:45 p.m. and the remaining victims on the mantrip from the TG 22 crew were declared dead. The helicopter arrived at Charleston General with Woods at 5:57 p.m. Blake was later transported via ambulance to Raleigh General Hospital, arriving at 7:55 p.m. Members of Massey’s Southern West Virginia Mine Rescue Team were the first to arrive at the Ellis Portal, arriving between 3:30 and 4:00 p.m. Shortly after 4:00 p.m., Chris Adkins, Senior Vice President of Massey Energy Company, and Elizabeth Chamberlin, Vice President of Safety and Training for Massey Coal Services, arrived by helicopter and traveled to the UBB mine office. Hardman and Michael Dickerson, D4 Staff Assistant and Family Liaison, traveled from the Mount Hope district office to the UBB mine location, arriving at approximately 5:00 p.m. Hardman modified the initial Section 103(j) Order to a Section 103(k) safety Order at 5:20 p.m. Kevin Stricklin, MSHA Administrator for Coal Mine Safety & Health (CMS&H), had landed at Yeager Airport in Charleston, WV (arriving there on other MSHA business), at 4:20 p.m. After he checked his voice mail and learned of the event, he traveled directly to UBB. Stricklin arrived at UBB at approximately 5:30 p.m. and met Hardman near the Ellis Portal. Hardman told Stricklin that there were six confirmed fatalities and approximately 20 missing miners. Hardman also said that a command center for mine rescue was being organized at the UBB Portal because electric power and communications were not functional at the Ellis Portal. Stricklin and Hardman then drove to the UBB portals. The West Virginia Office of Miners’ Health Safety & Training (WVOMHST) was conducting training for its mine rescue teams at Logan, WV on April 5. Steve Snyder, Inspector at Large, received a call from the state homeland security hotline at 3:50 p.m. informing him of the initial incident report for UBB. Snyder then called the Oak Hill WVOMHST office for more information. At 4:45 p.m. Snyder was told that there had been an explosion at UBB and there were confirmed fatalities. The state mine rescue teams and equipment arrived at the Ellis Portal at 6:10 p.m. Virgil Brown, Mine Emergency Unit Specialist, and John Urosek, Chief of Mine Emergency Operations for MSHA, received calls from D4 Assistant District Manager Lincoln Selfe sometime before 4:00 p.m. and 4:15 p.m., respectively, requesting mine rescue and technical support assistance at UBB. Brown was at the Pittsburgh Safety and Health Technology Center (PSHTC). Brown suggested that Selfe notify Jerry Cook, Mike Hicks, Mike Shumate, and other MSHA mine emergency team members from the D4 area. Brown gave instructions to move the MSHA Mine Emergency Command vehicle and Mine Rescue Team truck from the Mine Academy in Beckley, West Virginia to the mine site. The MSHA mine emergency command vehicle arrived at UBB at 6:30 p.m. 22 Bob Hardman, Chris Adkins, and Steve Snyder established a mine rescue command center at the UBB office around 7:00 p.m. Hardman was in charge of the mine rescue operation for MSHA, while Stricklin assisted with the media and families of the victims. Brown and Urosek started mobilizing other members of MSHA’s mine emergency response team and other mine emergency equipment. Brown arrived at the mine at approximately 8:30 p.m. On April 6, 2010, personnel from MSHA’s Directorate of Technical Support including specialists from the Physical and Toxic Agents Division and the Ventilation Division, arrived at the mine at approximately 1:00 a.m. with a portable gas chromatograph. Urosek, who had been at a lead mine in Missouri, arrived at UBB at about 1:30 a.m. The mobile gas laboratory arrived at approximately 3:00 p.m., with additional gas chromatographs. Rescue Operations From April 5 to April 9, over 20 mine rescue teams (Appendix E), including those from Massey, other mine operators, MSHA, and WVOMHST, worked around the clock in an attempt to locate and rescue the missing miners. The rescue efforts were prolonged and difficult due to the presence of combustible gases (which required evacuating the teams at times) and the necessity to restore ventilation controls, which the explosion had destroyed. By the end of the day on April 9, rescuers had determined that none of the missing miners survived the explosion. Monday, April 5, 2010 Robert Asbury and Jim Aurednik, Massey mine rescue team members, loaded their mine rescue equipment on a mantrip and started in from the Ellis Portal. About five crosscuts into the mine, Aurednik saw lights coming from inby on the track and reversed the mantrip that he was driving. The lights were from the mantrip driven by Patrick Hilbert bearing the first known victims (see discussion in “Initial Emergency Response”, above). Once outside, Asbury, Aurednik and other members of the mine rescue team removed the victims from the mantrips and, with the Whitesville Fire Department personnel, assisted in providing CPR. At approximately 6:00 p.m., Asbury, Aurednik, and Mark Bolen, another Massey mine rescue team member, loaded their mine rescue equipment on a mantrip and headed back into the mine. They rode to the Ellis Switch, where Asbury and Aurednik then started walking ahead of the mantrip to check for gas and other hazards. At crosscut 78, they had to abandon the mantrip because of debris on the track. About five or six crosscuts inby crosscut 78, they encountered a broken fresh water line that was flooding the area, causing them to turn around and go back to crosscut 42 on the Ellis track to turn off the main water valve. Asbury, Aurednik, and Bolen returned to crosscut 78 and established a fresh air base (FAB) at this location because ventilation controls inby were damaged and blast damage limited further rail travel. 23 Massey mine rescue team members Shane McPherson, Mike Alexander, and Larry Ferguson were sent underground a short time later; they met Asbury, Aurednik, and Bolen at the FAB. The combined team continued to advance communications up the North Glory Mains toward the longwall “mother drive.” The team encountered Chris Blanchard and another top company official walking toward them a few crosscuts inby the FAB. Blanchard and another top company official were escorted back to the FAB. Evidence of activated SCSRs was found in the tailgate entry four crosscuts outby the face and in 1 North Headgate at the mantrip. It is believed these rescuers were worn by Chris Blanchard and another top company official. Because they exercised their Fifth Amendment rights, the route or extent of their travel is unknown. After they finished briefing the mine rescue team on inby conditions and victim locations, another top company official and Blanchard were told to stay at the FAB while mine rescue team members traveled inby, repairing phone lines and doing basic exploration. By 7:05 p.m., a total of nine mine rescue teams from Massey and other coal operations were at the mine. In addition, four WVOMHST and one MSHA mine rescue team were on site. One exploratory drill rig and three bulldozers had been mobilized to assist with the rescue operation. At 7:19 p.m., another top company official and Blanchard called out from a mine phone at the FAB and reported that they had been to the tailgate and almost to the headgate of the longwall, but had to retreat as a result of excessive carbon monoxide levels. They reported three victims in the longwall track entry outby crosscut 15. At 7:40 p.m., Massey’s Knox Creek and East Kentucky mine rescue teams and the Northern and Southern WVOMHST mine rescue teams were briefed by Adkins and Hardman at the mantrip barn on the surface of the mine. The teams then traveled into the mine from the North Portal on two mantrips. These teams were accompanied by MSHA mine rescue team members Fred Wills, Mike Hicks, and Jerry Cook. These teams arrived at the FAB at approximately 8:30 p.m. Both teams helped advance the FAB to crosscut 98, near the longwall mother drive. After advancing the FAB, the Knox Creek team began advancing toward the HG 22 section, through the crossover. Another team began exploring the longwall face and found one victim near the longwall mother drive, four victims along the track entry of the longwall, one victim beside the longwall stage loader, two victims near longwall shield 85 and four victims between longwall shields 103 and 106. The maximum carbon monoxide that this team encountered was 280 ppm; they did not encounter low oxygen levels and they did not see any smoke. This team explored from the longwall headgate toward the longwall tailgate, to shield 125. Meanwhile, the Southern WVOMHST team began exploring the rooms immediately outby the active longwall panel. This team traveled across the North Glory Mains from the FAB and entered the roomed area outby the longwall panel, where it intersected the mains at crosscut 98, to look for missing miners. It advanced inby in entries 3-5 until it encountered the solid longwall block. They encountered extensive soot deposits, carbon monoxide levels of up to 45 ppm, and blown-out stoppings. The team then split 24 up and explored the remaining entries back to the North Glory Mains. Some team members explored a portion of the longwall tailgate entries between crosscuts 30 and 33. They observed that ventilation controls in the tailgate entries were destroyed and the debris was blown outby. After exploring the Panel 1 crossover, the team traveled back to the FAB. This exploration was done bare-faced. The Knox Creek team members traveled inby in the North Glory Mains. At 9:31 p.m., they were at the longwall mother drive in breathable air. At 9:50 p.m. they had advanced within about two crosscuts from the Glory Hole and donned breathing apparatuses due to encountering 50 ppm CO. They advanced to the mouth of HG 22 at 10:10 p.m. The CO levels had increased to 122 ppm with 0.0 percent methane and 20.7 percent oxygen. At 10:40 p.m., the Knox Creek team started back to the FAB due to their apparatuses having low oxygen reserves. They arrived at the FAB at 11:47 p.m. At 9:30 p.m., Jamie Ferguson left the FAB with the East Kentucky mine rescue team to relieve the Knox Creek team and explore toward the HG 22 section. At 11:22 p.m. this team had advanced to crosscut 3 on HG 22 and, while under apparatus, reported 14.7 percent oxygen1, 3.3 percent methane2 and 8,676 ppm CO3. Ferguson reported thick smoke at crosscut 16. At 11:55 p.m. six victims were found in a mantrip just outby crosscut 19. At 12:16 a.m., on April 6, the team started retreating from the section after encountering 3.2 percent oxygen, more than 5.0 percent methane, more than 9,999 ppm CO (over range), and smoke. At 12:45 a.m., on April 6, the command center instructed all teams to evacuate the mine due to explosive levels of methane on the HG 22 section and the presence of smoke, which suggested the presence of fires or hot spots. Records indicate confusion over the number of victims and missing miners from the time of the event until after the mine rescue teams left the mine on Tuesday morning, April 6. Factors that may have contributed to this confusion include the use of the partially installed Pyott-Boone tracking system in lieu of a traditional tag-in, tag-out board, inoperability of the tracking system north of Ellis switch after the explosion, the Oxygen levels below 19.5% are considered deficient. When levels decrease to a range of 16 to 12%, a person can experience increased heart rate, fatigue, impaired judgment and coordination, nausea and vomiting. When levels decline to 10%, one breath can cause loss of consciousness and quickly result in death. 2 Methane is a colorless, odorless, non-poisonous, and flammable gas, which is explosive between 5% and 15%. According to regulations, when 1% or more of methane is present, the operator is required to cease production and make changes or adjustments to the ventilation system in order to reduce the methane levels to less than 1% prior to resuming production. 3 Carbon Monoxide is a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas, which attaches to the hemoglobin in blood 200 times easier than Oxygen. Carbon Monoxide is also explosive from 12 to 75% (10,000 ppm would equal 1%). Long-term workplace exposure levels to less than 50 ppm averaged over an 8-hour period are considered acceptable. Exposure levels at 100 ppm are considered dangerous to human health. Carbon Monoxide levels between 35 and 400 ppm can result in dizziness and mild to severe headaches with exposure times of eight hours to one hour respectively as the levels increase. Carbon Monoxide exposure can result in death at 1,600 ppm in less than 2 hours, at 3,200 ppm within 30 minutes, at 6,400 ppm in less than 20 minutes, and at 12,800 ppm after 2-3 breaths in less than three minutes. 1 25 use of multiple portals to enter and exit the mine, and Massey’s failure to designate a responsible person (RP) to oversee the evacuation of the mine and the mine rescue effort. At 8:10 p.m., Massey reported seven dead and 19 missing miners. At 12:32 a.m. on April 6, the number of missing miners was thought to have been one on the longwall and four on HG 22. At 1:40 a.m., on April 6, Massey reported 25 dead, two injured and four missing miners. Tuesday, April 6, 2010 All of the mine rescue teams, as well as Blanchard and another top company official, exited the mine by 2:30 a.m. The teams were debriefed and sent to get some rest. Gas monitoring continued at the fans and portals. At 5:50 a.m., MSHA modified the Section 103(k) Order to allow three boreholes to be drilled into the mine to better assess the atmosphere. MSHA Technical Support personnel arrived at UBB about 1:00 a.m. Two boreholes were started and continued to be drilled for the remainder of the day. Wednesday, April 7, 2010 The first borehole (Hole 1A) intersected the mine at 4:00 a.m. at crosscut 35 on HG 22. MSHA modified the Section 103(k) Order at 6:41 a.m. on Wednesday, April 7, to allow installation of a diesel-powered exhaust fan on borehole 1 (BH 1A). MSHA modified the Section 103(k) Order at 4:10 p.m. to allow installation of a similar exhaust fan on borehole 3 (BH 1B) at 4:10 p.m. An exhausting fan was installed on this borehole in an attempt to ventilate the HG 22 methane accumulation. Gas levels from this borehole and from the Bandytown fan were monitored to determine when safe re-entry of the mine would be possible. Re-entry mine rescue plans were developed while waiting for hazardous gas levels to decrease. Thursday, April 8, 2010 After determining gas levels had decreased to an acceptable level, MSHA modified the Section 103(k) Order at 3:50 a.m. to allow implementation of an exploration and recovery plan. At 4:55 a.m., four mine rescue teams entered the mine and traveled by rail to crosscut 78. By 7:51 a.m., teams advanced to crosscut 105 in the North Glory Mains in fresh air. By 9:03 a.m., teams advanced to the longwall mule train. Rescue team advance was slow because phone lines were being installed to ensure that teams could communicate in the event of an emergency. Teams advanced to the longwall stageloader at 9:18 a.m. At 9:29 a.m., an explosive level of combustible gases was detected at borehole BH 1A. All teams were instructed to evacuate the mine due to explosive levels of combustible gases at borehole BH 1A. All of the rescue teams evacuated the mine by 10:55 a.m. Friday, April 9, 2010 At 12:13 a.m., MSHA approved a plan to re-enter the mine for exploration and recovery with two mine rescue teams. The plan objective was to explore the crossover area 26 between TG 22 and HG 22. Two mine rescue teams entered the mine at 12:42 a.m. and traveled by rail to crosscut 78. The teams reached crosscut 78 at 1:23 a.m. and reestablished a FAB. One team stayed at the FAB as backup and one team traveled inby in the longwall track entry arriving at the mule train at 2:43 a.m. The FAB was advanced to the longwall headgate track entry just inby the longwall face. One team stayed at the new FAB and one team started exploring the Panel No. 2 Crossover between TG 22 and HG 22. At 3:36 a.m., the team had advanced approximately four crosscuts inby the FAB and measured 300 ppm carbon monoxide, 20.8 percent oxygen and 0.0 percent methane. The team donned their apparatuses due to the CO level. At 3:42 a.m. the team advanced to the TG 22 refuge alternative. This refuge alternative had not been deployed. The team returned to the FAB to reevaluate its exploration plan. The command center directed a team to continue exploration after the reevaluation was completed. By 4:12 a.m. the team had advanced approximately two crosscuts into the crossover and reported light smoke, 250 ppm carbon monoxide, 20.8 percent oxygen and 0.0 percent methane. The team advanced two more crosscuts into the crossover and encountered more smoke and 940 ppm CO. A fire was suspected in HG 22, and the team was instructed to return to the FAB. At 4:43 a.m., both teams were instructed to evacuate the mine, exiting at 6:12 a.m. At 9:02 a.m., inert gas was injected into borehole BH 1A. At 2:32 p.m., Nitrogen trucks completed pumping into borehole BH 1A and changed to a nitrogen generator at 2:40 p.m. and continued pumping. A quantity of nitrogen equal to approximately twice the volume of the HG 22 mine workings had been injected into BH 1A. At 4:15 p.m., it was then determined safe for mine rescue teams to reenter the mine. At 4:18 p.m., two mine rescue teams entered the mine to explore HG 22 and the longwall. At 4:28 p.m., two additional teams entered the mine. At 4:58 p.m., teams arrived at crosscut 78. At 6:17 p.m., teams arrived at the FAB, located at the longwall headgate track entry just inby the longwall face. At 6:33 p.m., the first team donned their apparatuses while advancing into the crossover. The first team advanced to approximately two crosscuts outby the mouth of HG 22 and measured 282 ppm CO, 18.0 percent oxygen and 0.2 percent methane. At 7:40 p.m., two additional mine rescue teams entered the mine to relieve the initial teams. At 8:01 p.m., the first team started retreating due to low oxygen levels in their apparatuses. At 9:18 p.m., the fourth team went under oxygen. At 10:10 p.m., a victim was found just outby crosscut 22 (three crosscuts inby the mantrip) in the No. 2 entry of HG 22. Another victim was found at crosscut 23 in the same entry at 10:15 p.m. At 10:21 p.m., a third victim was found in the same entry at crosscut 26. At 10:24 p.m., the team reached the HG 22 refuge alternative and found that it had not been deployed, then began retreating back to the FAB. At 10:27 p.m., three mine rescue team members began searching the longwall for the remaining miner. At 10:50 p.m., the team on HG 22 returned to the FAB. At 11:04 p.m., the team on the longwall reported 23 ppm CO, 20.6 percent oxygen and 0.3 percent methane at shield 130 on the longwall. At 11:10 p.m., the team on the longwall reported 0 ppm CO, 20.8 percent oxygen and 0.95 percent methane on the tailgate end. 27 Two additional mine rescue team members were sent from the headgate toward the tailgate along the longwall face to search between shields for the missing miner. At 11:20 p.m., the last victim was found under debris near shield 3 and the rescue efforts ceased. At 11:24 p.m., MSHA and State personnel left the command center to inform the families that they had found the bodies of all missing miners. Location of the Victims The 29 victims died in five separate areas: the TG 22 crew was on its way out of the mine on a mantrip, the longwall crew was working along the longwall face, the HG 22 crew was in the process of boarding the mantrip at the end of its shift, a number of miners on the HG side of the longwall were doing maintenance work, and an examiner was waiting at the longwall mother drive. William Lynch, Carl Acord, Benny Willingham, Robert Clark, Jason Atkins, Steven Harrah and Deward Scott were found on the TG 22 mantrip heading out of the mine at crosscut 67. Rex Mullins, Nicholas McCroskey, Richard “Rick” Lane, Grover Skeens, Joel Price, Gary Quarles, Jr., Christopher Bell, and Dillard Persinger were on the longwall face. Ricky Workman, Howard “Boone” Payne, Ronald Maynor, James “Eddie” Mooney, Kenneth Chapman, and William Griffith were found on the mantrip in the HG 22 area. Located inby the HG 22 section but away from the mantrip were Joe Marcum, Gregory Brock, and Edward “Dean” Jones. Cory T. Davis, Joshua Napper, Charles “Timmy” Davis, and Adam Morgan were on the headgate side of the longwall. Michael Elswick was located in the North Glory Mains at the longwall mother drive. Victim locations are depicted in Figure 1. 28 Figure 1: Victim Location Map Scale 1?=700? DEEDS aggee DUDEQ Relmeth GC $13?:me illam ri in Joe MOFCU Ronald Maynor Gregory Brock $003}? Edward Jone Ricky Workman El Q0000 a 8 999: $570529 l_lCl Charles Davis dsglus?mzpper ESQ DEB <>eO BBQ 0 Adam Mor on DEE UCIEJ w?Amm 4%,050029150 Jason Atkins I Robert Clark ex Mullins Steven Harro icholas McCroskey 325:2; lg:th Eichordstone Benny Willingham Chr'sto her Sr DEED . pF?oersin eer DEEMED lemw 9 Emma as a %rQw%5r. DDS a m??*ie 9 BBQ: a DI: EDEUUDDEDE Victim Location Map Upper Big Branch South Mine Performance Coal Company MSHA ID No. 46?08436 29 Family Liaisons Pursuant to the Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response (MINER) Act of 2006 and policies promulgated afterward, MSHA established a family liaison program to be able to effectively communicate information to families of miners who are victims or otherwise unaccounted for during a mine emergency. Mike Dickerson, serving as the lead UBB Family Liaison, traveled to the mine with Hardman and arrived at the Ellis Portal at approximately 5:00 p.m. on the day of the explosion. Charles Thomas, MSHA Deputy Administrator for CMS&H, contacted Norman Page, CMS&H D6 District Manager, at approximately 5:30 p.m. to request two additional family liaisons. Page instructed Kenneth Fleming, CMS&H Inspector, and James Poynter, CMS&H D6 Assistant District Manager, to travel to the mine. A Family Center was established at the company Safety Office at approximately 9:40 p.m. by Dickerson. Fleming and Poynter arrived at approximately 10:30 p.m. and reported to the Command Center for a briefing by Selfe. Dickerson met with Fleming and Poynter and briefed them on the scheduled times of the family briefings and introduced them to the Company Representative. Joseph Main, Assistant Secretary of Labor for Mine Safety and Health, arrived at the mine site at approximately 10:00 a.m. on April 6 and, together with Stricklin and the family liaisons, met with the families of the miners to brief them on the progress of the search for their loved ones. The Family Liaisons remained on duty at the Family Center continuously through Saturday, April 10. They briefed the families every four hours and provided information relayed from the Command Center to the Family Center. The family liaisons maintained contact with the families throughout the rescue/recovery operations and investigation and assisted with many of the family briefings. Recovery of Victims Extensive damage caused by the explosion complicated the recovery of the victims. Rail travel was blocked inby crosscut 78 by debris on the track. Many ventilation controls were destroyed inby crosscut 75 of the Old North Parallel Mains. Potentially explosive levels of combustible gases were encountered several times during mine rescue attempts and some areas of the mine had an irrespirable atmosphere. Walking was hazardous because of debris in the mine entries. The area of the mine containing the victims was re-ventilated using temporary ventilation controls to permit the recovery to be conducted bare-faced. The logistics of the recovery were difficult; 22 victims were carried distances of up to 1.5 miles, victims locations were mapped, and forensic evidence was gathered prior to recovery of the victims. Multiple mine rescue teams worked from the time when the last victim was located at 11:20 p.m. on Friday, April 9 until all of the victims were recovered. On Tuesday, April 13, the last victim was removed from the mine at 12:57 a.m. and the last mine rescue team exited the mine at 3:30 a.m. 30 Mine Recovery Operations (April 13 - June 24) Because the stability of the mine’s atmosphere continued to be a cause for concern, Massey adopted (with MSHA and WVOMHST’s concurrence) an approach for continuing monitoring at all existing sampling locations and drilling additional boreholes to provide monitoring locations in other areas of the mine. Monitoring continued from the North, South and Ellis Portal return entries, the Bandytown bleeder fan, borehole BH 1A, and from other boreholes as they were completed. Several boreholes were drilled, some of which missed the intended mine entry, as shown on Figure 2. Other boreholes were stopped during drilling and never completed. See Appendix F for a description of each borehole drilled post accident at UBB. 31 Figure 2. Map of borehole locations and ?hot spots? encountered during recovery exploration WESTJARRELLS MAINS extent of of exploration 1 BH-10A scoop tractor battery extent of BH-BA extent of of exploration 32 NORTH WELLS MAINE HEADGATE Z1 TAILGATE #21 Mine Recovery Exploration inby 78 switch June 2?24, 2010 and Boreholes Upper Big Branch South Mine Performance Coal Company MSHA ID No. 46?08436 On May 27, all parties agreed that the mine atmosphere had stabilized sufficiently to allow re-entry, pending the finalization and sampling of borehole “HG 21-1” near the longwall. Problems arose with HG 21-1, however, when the drill intersected an inactive area of a mine above UBB, causing a delay in the completion of the borehole until June 6. Nonetheless, because of the distance separating the longwall and the portals, exploration of the portal areas began on June 2, with the anticipation that borehole HG 21-1 would be completed prior to any exploration in the longwall area. All parties agreed that the mine atmosphere would continue to be sampled for stability during exploration and recovery work. PCC submitted a plan on June 1, 2010 and MSHA modified the Section 103(k) order on June 2 to allow the mine rescue teams to begin exploration and recovery. The plan required mine rescue teams to enter the North Portal and Ellis Portal and explore the track entries advancing toward each other. The teams explored the mine systematically, identifying hazards, such as ventilation inadequacies, water accumulations, and adverse roof conditions, and corrected these hazards as directed. Another re-entry plan was submitted by PCC on June 7 and MSHA modified the Section 103(k) Order to allow for additional exploration of the mine. This plan allowed for an orderly exploration progressing through the entire mine. A potentially hazardous elevated temperature area (“hot spot”) was found on the mine floor/coal rib interface in crosscut 118, between the No. 4 and No. 5 entry in the North Glory Mains. This hot spot required water to be piped from the surface down borehole 15B so that rescue team members could apply water in sufficient quantities to eliminate the hot spot hazard. Also, two additional hot spots identified by mine rescue teams after the explosion were checked and found to be at ambient mine temperature. Eight other areas in the mine were previously identified as having had elevated temperatures but had subsequently cooled to ambient mine temperatures. Six of these areas were found in Tailgate 1 North between crosscuts 11 and 24. In HG 22 at crosscut 31, the teams encountered a personnel carrier battery that had smoke rising from it. To remove this possible ignition source, team members disconnected (cut) the negative battery lead from the battery charger to the battery to allow the battery to be moved. The battery was submerged in water at that location. Mine exploration teams were not able to advance in Headgate 1 North inby crosscut 39½ or in Tailgate 1 North inby crosscut 87 because these areas were determined to be unsafe for travel. Therefore, no exploration occurred in the area of the mine inby those two points, which included the Bandytown fan shaft and the longwall bleeder dewatering system. Other areas of the mine, including parts of the TG 22 and HG 22 sections, were found to be flooded, requiring dewatering to make them accessible before the investigators could begin their work. On June 24, the mine rescue teams completed exploration of the travelable areas of the mine. The UBB Accident Investigation team began their investigation on April 12, 2010; on June 25, 2010, the team began the underground portion of the investigation. 33 INVESTIGATION OF THE ACCIDENT MSHA’s accident investigation began on April 12, 2010. MSHA conducted a thorough investigation in the accessible underground areas of the mine affected by the explosion. The investigation included detailed mine mapping and collecting and analyzing evidence. MSHA prepared an investigation protocol in conjunction with WVOMHST to ensure the safety of the underground phase of the investigation; input was solicited from other investigative parties. A copy of the protocol is included in Appendix G. Involvement with Other Investigations The accident investigation involved six different investigative entities; MSHA, WVOMHST, PCC, the West Virginia Governor’s Independent Investigation Panel (GIIP), the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) and Moreland & Moreland, l.c., representatives of the miners. MSHA and WVOMHST led the investigation underground, with PCC, GIIP, and UMWA accompanying and assisting them. WVOMHST and GIIP Cooperation with WVOMHST began shortly after MSHA’s accident investigation team assembled on April 12, 2010. MSHA and WVOMHST conducted interviews jointly. The two agencies also evaluated and approved action plans submitted by PCC. This cooperation was necessary to ensure a thorough investigation and the safety of the investigators. MSHA and WVOMHST established office space at the UBB Portals during the underground investigation to facilitate meetings and planning sessions, information sharing, and communication throughout their respective investigations. Additionally, MSHA cooperated with the GIIP, allowing it access to the MSHA/WVOMHST interviews. Miners’ Representatives Miners separately designated both the UMWA and Moreland & Moreland as miners’ representatives under Section 103(f) of the Mine Act. The UMWA began its involvement on April 23, 2010. UMWA representatives participated fully in the underground portion of the investigation. Moreland & Moreland began its involvement in the investigation on August 11, 2010. Underground Investigation Teams The underground portion of the investigation did not begin until the end of June because of hazardous conditions in the mine, including elevated CO concentrations, potential hot spots, and inaccessible areas. MSHA, accompanied by WVOMHST, GIIP, UMWA, and company representatives, mobilized several teams to conduct mine dust surveys, mapping, electrical, ventilation, geologic, flames and forces, evidence collection and inspection activities. In addition to the 105 accident investigation personnel involved 34 with the on-site investigation, MSHA also utilized an additional 45 Technical Support personnel to perform testing and technical work and other personnel to guard the three portals during the investigation. Mine Mapping Teams Mine mapping began on June 29 and continued through November 18, 2010. Mapping served to document the mine conditions after the explosion and notate where evidence was found and collected underground. Mapping teams were usually comprised of one or two MSHA personnel, one WVOMHST member, one representative of the mine operator, one miners’ representative, and, at times, one GIIP team member. Each mapping team produced a map for separate, referenced mapping areas. MSHA later compiled individual areas to produce a single composite map included in Appendix H. The mapping team conducted all mapping by the distance and offset method, from spad to spad. If no spad was available, the team used the center of an intersection as a reference point. The teams did not map the rib lines, except where inaccuracies in the base map prevented mapping of the objects. The teams made notations when objects appeared to sustain heat damage from the explosion. All team members signed and dated each completed map. The parties typically made copies of team maps at the conclusion of each shift and distributed them to the other investigation teams. The investigators sent up to ten teams when underground mapping was conducted. Mine Dust Survey MSHA takes a mine dust survey after every underground coal mine explosion to determine coking and the incombustible content of the post-explosion dusts. The test for coking can be used to determine the extent of flame that occurred during the explosion and help investigators to determine the fuel, ignition source, and origin of the explosion. The incombustible content can be used to establish the condition of the mine dust prior to the explosion. Flames and Forces Team MSHA assigned a “flames and forces” team the task of establishing the origin of the explosion, the ignition source, the extent of flame, and the magnitude and direction of primary explosion forces. This team went underground starting July 13, 2010. It consisted of MSHA and WVOMHST personnel, along with GIIP, UMWA and company representatives. Electrical Teams Electrical inspections began on May 13, 2010 on the surface area of the mine. The electrical team inspected all surface equipment located near the portals and the surface substations and checked all cables entering the underground mine to ensure the electrical equipment was properly de-energized and grounded. These activities were completed to ensure that the mine was safe from electrical hazards before beginning 35 the underground accident investigation. A maximum of three electrical teams were used throughout the accident investigation, with two teams normally working inside the explosion area. The teams consisted primarily of personnel from MSHA and WVOMHST, but also included one or two company employees, along with a UMWA representative serving as observers. The first electrical teams went underground on June 28, 2010. One team with an additional MSHA Technical Support engineer worked outside of the explosion zone, re-energizing electrical circuits to pump water, install communication devices, and energize other electrical equipment. The team completed the electrical work outby the explosion zone by the end of October 2010. The electrical portion of the investigation in the explosion zone continued until May 4, 2011. Geology Team MSHA conducted geologic observations between May 2010 and December 2010. MSHA made surface observations where old contour strip mines, as well as the active Progress Pit strip mine, afforded outcrop exposure. MSHA also observed underground geological conditions in portions of the Castle Mine and the Black Knight II Mine. Underground at UBB, there was one geology team composed of MSHA and WVOMHST, with observers from the mine operator and the UMWA. MSHA documented geological conditions in UBB by conducting multiple parallel traverses in various entries of Headgate 1 North and Tailgate 1 North, the Panel 1 and Panel 2 crossover, the HG 22 and TG 22 sections, and the North and West Jarrells Mains. MSHA made several traverses across the longwall face, with detailed observations conducted in the tailgate entry. MSHA also documented geological observations on maps and in photographs, which were further supported by the collection of rock and gas samples. Ventilation Survey On September 28, MSHA personnel started a mine ventilation air quantity and air pressure survey, with participation from representatives from WVOMHST, UMWA and the mine operator. This survey determined post-explosion air velocities in the mine using either vane anemometers with wands in the one-half area traverse method or using the smoke-cloud method with aspirators and chemical smoke tubes. Investigators then calculated air quantities from the determined velocities and corresponding area of the mine entry in which the velocity was determined. Investigators measured air pressure differentials between air courses and across regulators or partial ventilation controls using magnehelic gauges and digital manometers. Investigators also used altimeters which were used to determine the total pressure at specific locations within the mine. 36 Evidence Collection and Testing During the course of the investigation MSHA obtained about 88,000 pages of documents, 1,028 maps, over 24,000 photos, 18 videos, and more than 1,050 separate pieces of physical evidence. MSHA collected evidence at UBB in accordance with the protocol set forth by MSHA in conjunction with WVOMHST. When available and requested, MSHA provided duplicate samples to all investigation parties (Appendix G). Evidence was tagged, photographed, and removed from mine property, accompanied by a “Chain of Custody” form or an “Itemized Receipt”, as applicable. The MSHA Accident Investigation team provided PCC itemized receipts for evidence removed from the mine. Photography A photographer or group of photographers was frequently present during investigation activities by the accident investigation team. All parties involved during the investigation activities by individual teams were given the opportunity to request additional photographs and examine any evidence prior to its removal from the location. Photos taken were copied per PIL NO. 110-V-08 (Appendix I) which outlines the approved procedure for the copying of digital images from the SD (Secured Digital) card, contained in the camera, to a compact disc or hard drive memory for storage and filing during an accident investigation. MSHA provided a copy of these images to all investigation parties, along with a copy of the signed Photo Log. Evidence Testing MSHA CMS&H Mount Hope and Standard Laboratories The MSHA Mount Hope National Air and Dust Laboratory and the private Standard Laboratories conducted analyses of mine dust surveys collected from the mine to assist investigators in determining the cause and origin of the explosion, the area affected by the flame of the explosion, and the incombustible content of mine dust throughout the sampling area. Each lab processed a total of 1,803 mine dust samples for incombustible content and the presence of coke. As samples were collected, each party accompanying the mine dust survey teams was offered a portion of the same sample collected by MSHA. After the collection team transported samples to the surface, investigators checked each uniquely identified sample against the collection sheet and gave the samples to a member of the evidence collection team, along with a collection data sheet signed by all members of the mine dust survey team. Investigators then transported samples from the mine site directly to the Mount Hope laboratory for the initial analysis, following MSHA’s chain of custody procedures throughout this transfer. The Mount Hope laboratory retained possession of the samples for the duration of the initial analysis test. MSHA stored the remaining portion (except for the small amount consumed during analysis) in a uniquely identified container, locked in a secure room within the laboratory, until investigators transported them to Standard Laboratories for a comparison analysis. A side by side comparison of the results from both laboratories showed that the variation of the results varied only slightly, by an average of only 1.82 percent in the 37 incombustible content (Appendix J). Further evaluation of this data is explained in the subsection “Mine Dust Survey” located in the “Physical Causes of the Accident” portion of the report. Electrical Testing MSHA tested numerous physical pieces of evidence recovered from the mine. On a number of occasions, MSHA arranged for the manufacturer of the equipment to conduct the testing in MSHA’s presence. MSHA invited WVOMHST, GIIP, UMWA, Miners Representative and the mine operator to attend all of this testing. Throughout the testing, MSHA retained custody of the evidence. Joy Manufacturing and Matric Limited Facilities MSHA arranged for the testing of components removed from the longwall equipment with Joy Manufacturing (Joy), the manufacturer of the equipment, at Joy’s facilities. Joy performed tests on the following components:      Joy Network Architecture (JNA) control units Chock Interface Unit (CIU) Automatic Chain Tensioner (ACT) Support Control Centre (SCC) Shearer Remote Controls Approval and Certification Center (A&CC) Investigators used the MSHA Technical Support Approval and Certification Center (A&CC) for testing of multiple items collected throughout the course of the investigation. A&CC testing included equipment checks against approved drawings, functional testing of equipment and safety systems, data recovery, and evaluation of evidence as potential ignition sources during detailed inspections. Investigators also documented grain size for material collected from spray nozzles in the longwall shearer. State Electric Supply Company Facility The State Electric Supply Company Facility was involved in the testing and data recovery of certain equipment manufactured by Allen-Bradley, including the PLC-5 and SLC 500 Processor Modules, the Panel View Operator Interface, and the Dataliner DL40 electrical equipment recovered from the mine. 38 SMC Electrical Products, Inc. Facility Representatives of SMC Electrical Products used their facility for visual inspection, data recovery and functional testing of the Multilin 239 overcurrent relays, SMC SGF-25 relays, SMC ground fault relay display units, and Multilin SR735 overcurrent relay collected from the longwall track mounted equipment known as the “mule train.” The testing performed by manufacturers’ representatives of these items included visual inspection of the equipment, functional and data recovery. Mine Safety Appliance Company (MSA) Facility Investigators conducted data retrieval activities and a time-drift study of item PE-0118, a MSA Solaris hand-held gas detector, at this facility. The Solaris detector was damaged to the point where testing was not possible at A&CC. The visual inspection of the detector was conducted at A&CC. UBB Mine Site At the UBB mine site, members of the accident investigation team, with assistance of A&CC personnel, conducted data downloads from gas detection equipment used at UBB prior to the accident and during rescue activities. Present during the download procedure were WVOMHST and the mine operator. Miners representatives from the UMWA were afforded the opportunity to participate. MSHA established protocols for downloads of a Solaris gas detector (used at the mine prior to and after the mine explosion) and Industrial Scientific MX6 gas detectors (used during rescue operations) and invited the mine operator and members for each of the investigation parties to attend the downloads. Gas Sampling Investigators collected samples of gas emanating from fractures in the floor from locations on the longwall face and the development sections for chemical and isotopic analyses to determine the source of gas entering the mine. Investigators collected gas using an SKC permissible dust pump, as well as an Industrial Scientific MX6 handheld multi-gas detector with a built-in pump, filling 1-liter Teflon-coated sample bags. In standing water, investigators used a capped length of large-diameter poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) pipe, equipped with a tube fitting, to allow gas to accumulate for sampling. In dry conditions, investigators inserted copper tubes into floor fractures and packed them off with mud and debris to create a seal. Together, with the results of gas analyses obtained at Speed Mining, LLC’s American Eagle Mine, investigators compared the results of gas analyses to samples of methane collected from wells in the vicinity of the mine. 39 Interviews As noted earlier, MSHA and WVOMHST conducted interviews jointly, usually with the participation of GIIP. The agencies conducted 310 formal interviews before a court reporter, and 38 individuals were called back for additional testimony. To help facilitate the interviews, WVOMHST issued 116 subpoenas; the other witnesses appeared voluntarily. The Mine Act limits MSHA ability to issue subpoenas, only providing for subpoenas should there be public hearings. Nineteen individuals from Massey or PCC who received subpoenas from WVOMHST exercised their right under the Fifth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution to not testify. MSHA remains willing to interview any of these individuals, even after the release of this report, should any choose to voluntarily share information with the agency. Information from these individuals or others may prove important in better understanding the events leading up to the accident and how it occurred. Such additional evidence could result in MSHA being better informed and could lead MSHA to reexamine findings contained in the report.. PRACTICES AT UBB THAT LED TO THE EXPLOSION The information in this section is based on testimony and physical evidence obtained during this investigation. In the days, months, and years prior to April 5, 2010, PCC and Massey management set the stage for the explosion by allowing and encouraging mining practices that resulted in violation of federal law. PCC regularly hid hazards present in the mine from MSHA, noting some of them in one set of production and maintenance books, but failing to note them in required examination books that MSHA examined. PCC’s failure to identify and correct the hazards of coal dust accumulations and inadequate rock dusting led to the coal dust explosion on April 5. PCC and Massey inadequately trained their examiners and foremen (and other miners as well), contributing to their failure to identify and correct hazards. In addition, PCC and Massey engineers themselves could not handle the engineering challenges present at UBB and made a series of mistakes that made the mine hazardous. By April 5, an alarming number of accidents had occurred, many unreported to MSHA in violation of law. PCC illegally provided its employees with advance notice of MSHA inspections, severely limiting the effectiveness of the inspections. Additionally, PCC and Massey intimidated miners from voicing complaints, either internally or to MSHA. Examinations PCC regularly failed to properly examine the mine for hazards, putting miners at risk and directly leading to the April 5, 2010 explosion. MSHA regulations, codified at 30 CFR §§ 75.360- 75.364, make plain that a mine operator must examine certain areas of the mine on a weekly basis, as well as before and during each shift, for hazardous conditions. The operator must identify, record, and immediately correct the hazards. At UBB, examiners often did not travel to areas they were required to examine, or, in other 40 cases, did travel to the areas but did not perform the required measurements. Examiners also failed to identify hazards when they did perform examinations. In many instances, management officials noted hazards in a production or maintenance record, but failed to record them as required by the Mine Act in the required book. The failure to properly record hazards denied MSHA and miners the opportunity to understand and assess the hazards and ensure that they were corrected before production resumed. Finally, even where examiners did identify and record hazards, the mine operator frequently did not correct them. Because of these practices, accumulations of loose coal, compacted coal, and coal dust built up over weeks and months to dangerous levels and provided the fuel for the April 5 explosion. Similarly, because of the operator’s failure to identify, record and correct the hazard of insufficient application of rock dust, the rock dust that was present in the mine failed to halt the explosion. These are just a few of the hazards that were not corrected and contributed to the April 5 explosion. Failure to Perform Examinations On many occasions, PCC failed to conduct or complete required examinations prior to miners entering the mine or work areas. Several of these failures occurred in the 24hour period prior to the explosion on April 5. For example, during the preshift examination for the midnight shift on April 4, the examiner responsible for examining the longwall face (who had never conducted a longwall preshift prior to April 5) failed to examine the face. The examiner only took an air reading at the intake to the longwall and examined to shield 1. The examiner failed to travel the length of the longwall face to examine for hazardous conditions, test for methane and oxygen deficiency, determine if the air was moving in its proper direction, or take air velocity measurements at shields 9 and 160. The midnight maintenance crew worked on the face as scheduled. An examiner was responsible for examining the longwall tailgate entries on April 5 prior to the start of pumping work in those areas. The examiner permitted his pumping crew, comprising of two contract laborers, to travel with him as he conducted his examination, a practice which is impermissible under the regulations. PCC failed to comply with the requirement that weekly examinations be performed once every seven days. Between December 29, 2009 and March 10, 2010, it was common practice for the examination of the return entry at the Bandytown fan to be conducted every eight to nine days. Examiners routinely did not energize their multi-gas detectors when required during examinations, and the detectors often remained de-energized for extended periods of time during their shift. 41 On the day of the explosion, an examiner was required to perform a weekly examination on the longwall bleeder system. This bleeder was in the area behind the longwall that draws noxious gases and dusts away from the active areas and ultimately exhausts these contaminants through the Bandytown fan. After the explosion, investigators determined that the examiner’s multi-gas detector had not been turned on since March 18, 2010, approximately two weeks prior to the explosion. As a result, during this time period, the examiner could not take adequate air quality measurements. In addition, section foremen failed to keep their multi-gas detectors energized throughout their shifts. The longwall section foreman failed to energize his detector during the first part of the shift, from 8:45 a.m. to 11:08 a.m., on April 5. PCC’s examiners did not perform complete examinations by failing to take air readings required by the mine’s approved ventilation plan. For example, PCC’s weekly examiners did not take air quantity measurements at a required evaluation point in the longwall headgate entries because water had blocked access to the location. Rather than remove the water or establish an alternative measurement point, PCC simply failed to take measurements. Examiners did not take air readings in a number of other locations, including the Ellis Portal return air courses, the longwall section belt, the Ellis Portal belt/track, and measuring points inby the longwall headgate and tailgate. Required examinations of dust control parameters for the longwall shearer were not being performed. Air measurements were not taken at proper locations to determine the actual quantity of air ventilating the longwall face. The air quantity in the longwall belt entry was not being measured. Water sprays, pressure and flow rates, were not being examined as required for each shift. Failure to Identify Obvious Hazards MSHA found hazardous conditions throughout the northern area of the mine (i.e., the area affected by the explosion), including: Accumulations of Loose Coal4, Coal Dust5, and Float Coal Dust6 MSHA investigators found that PCC examiners failed to identify accumulations on the mine floor and against the ribs left from initial mining or roadway spillage, accumulations that had been scooped and placed in piles shown in Figure 3, and accumulations from rib sloughage. Accumulations were found consistently along every single air course. The location and placement of these coal accumulations indicated that they pre-dated Loose coal is defined as coal fragments larger in size than coal dust, as per 30 CFR 75.400-1(c). Coal dust is defined as particles of coal that can pass through a 20 mesh sieve, as per 30 CFR 75.400-1(a). 6 Float coal dust is defined as coal dust consisting of particles of coal than can pass through a 200 mesh sieve (100 times smaller particles than those passing through a 20 mesh sieve), as per 30 CFR 75.400-1(b). Float coal dust is the most dangerous because it is easily suspended in the mine atmosphere and only requires a thin observable layer to provide the fuel for the propagation of a dust explosion. 4 5 42 the explosion. Miners working in these areas testified these accumulations existed prior to the explosion. Figure 3. Accumulations of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust were measured up to 7 feet wide by 12 feet long by up to 4 feet in depth. These were found consistently along every single air course. Rock Dust7 The MSHA Accident Investigation Team’s mine dust survey revealed that 90.5 percent of the affected area8 was inadequately rock dusted at the time of the explosion. Testimony indicated that the Longwall Tailgate entries, the crossover between HG 22 and TG 22, and the Glory Hole area were black or needed to be rock dusted. In addition evidence indicates that the Longwall Tailgate entries had not been rock dusted since the longwall went into production in September 2009. (The ”Rock Dusting” Rock dust is defined as pulverized limestone, dolomite, gypsum, anhydrite, shale, adobe, or other inert material, preferably light colored, 100 percent of which will pass through a sieve having 20 meshes per linear inch and 70 percent or more of which will pass through a sieve having 200 meshes per linear inch, as per 30 CFR. Rock dust must be continuously applied in order to neutralize float coal dust, which inherently occurs during the mining process. 8The “affected area” is the area of the mine that was exposed to flame as indicated in Appendix Z. 7 43 section discusses in more detail PCC’s inadequate rock dusting practices). Only the belt examination books listed inadequate rock dusting as a hazard; the other examination books from the working sections did not. Inadequate Roof Support PCC’s roof control plan required two rows of posts or two 8’ cable bolts in the No. 7 entry in the longwall tailgate as supplemental support. This requirement was intended to maintain adequate roof support in that entry. PCC only installed one row of posts in the entry as shown in Figure 4. Both the single row of posts and the resulting roof control issues were obvious; examiners testified that they did not like to travel in that entry due to the bad top. PCC never recorded the hazard in any of its examination books. Poor roof conditions led to a roof fall in the No. 7 entry, which likely restricted air flow coming off the longwall face, and allowed methane to accumulate prior to the explosion. The investigation indicated that this fall was present prior to the explosion; blackened dust from the explosion was present on the fall and could only have occurred after the explosion. Figure 4. Photograph of Tailgate 1 North No. 7 entry showing only one row of posts installed. The approved roof control plan required two rows of 8’ cable bolts or posts. 44 Failure to Record Hazards PCC engaged in a practice of failing to record all hazards in books required to be made available to MSHA and any interested persons. Several witnesses testified that they felt pressured by mine management not to record hazards in the required examination books. PCC instead recorded certain hazards in its internal production and maintenance reports. These reports were prepared by shift or section foremen and provided to PCC upper management (including Massey Energy Company officials for the production reports). Some of the hazardous conditions described in this “second set” of books relate to conditions that existed at the time of the explosion. For example, Figure 5, which is an entry in a PCC maintenance book from March 1, 2010, indicated that eight sprays were removed from both the head and tail drum and the shearer was operated in that manner for the remainder of the shift. This information was not recorded in the required examination book. 45 . Tn?ell'hle Ferrell. er Ink Heme-Leme Hire-ed urban medl- HIHE WREHAN UE ?irt 1r". Beethn a; Final-slime and ne'lc-I' {Mun-Id and Ema-w El Lulu-HM Vin-lam or Hump-ding .ul?li'l {inlet r. feat? Em? Edelweiss If -15 n? __it . . . e. fama?eei?4.. free}: __il'i . {i e. Trevcieieya -. I I . r. I. if; .'.Hcleenr IH I-li'arJnL-Ir Phen- i Lulull'e-lr Tin? lent-Fun 'I'I'mi 1 feed dirt, 2 3315??: m. a -. _Elai?F-?? -- . . . . . . Elli1'15!. e. i-riEmm'un'uu fur- Harland Rib-rm Jimmie HIE-than!- Lent-in: Til-u Eureer Lemuel-i rm L. Mien? .. ii??fm' 1153;?? 1 e. me i. a. _.li i milieu- it El. -- [El- Harem ed' euin tinder-? . - . dim-en ul' Her.- femur-I1 elem luau . - E-Iulw Etth Lr mije?ty .1: hulln mum-e in f-ll: rrn'll'ltlr run. ?ute air-Inn El?n-r: . .. Ill-ml.th [St-1mm ur. e-ncr-I condemns a! 515n- m- hm a: :dIn-rl 35." - it Figure 5 . Excerpt from PCC Maintenance Report dated 3/1/2010. n; a - . Perfermence UBE Lengwell Menday. 31'1l2?1e Brew,5l1=i? {Ehief . - Eetlmeted - - Equipment Jeh p?en Tithe ?emmentelln'ltlele Taee Benueyer Utilize the ureter gauge lei eheclt the. breiley lreugh le let-ethyl will clean. If netwicle enough, repair and recerd le-catiene where repaire were made- . Harte at #5 shield when eemnlete. [Un-Ehil?l} 2:11 minutes '17? I . I- .. i tender F. Eenerai] 'ewer Center tear DII Tanker 46 - e'epeciall?y near eeuplinge leaking ter' fatigue- cle te replace ae . eelrr] zeal e} i were- n! run 1' ?Human - Check elirn line in cable handler. needed. [On-Ehl?} . 20 minutes Did yea amt AGT in_rnanu al mede en '{reur ehift il ea explain why. Did yen put yellew handle detent valve in and set tel 1500 F'El'l" [Gnu-3th min-_rtee- EhecI-t eeygen and acetylene ten Hecerci number el amply antigen I. tenlre full airmen tantra -, r: empty acetylene . . .. . lull uni-rt- -- - - . {tin?Shift] -. in minute-ll"? Check: ceeling I.lrater rna nll'eI-Izl heeEd if: een?rn'i ell tiewe are at least 3 galleria per" min Lite, heed#i . heediil?. teilr dweller. etagelcacler #1 end etegeleaderei l?na - 5 minutes Check pueh-eUI! fer leeks. repair ee needed iCInr-Ehlt?l} 5 minutes verily thetjcrilrp alert Ie Werking at newer a. eenterartdgepllce bee: [?n-Shift} 5 minutes E: -.cl'l51elrel and rented inches cf eil. - 3 I??dljiee. record name efferernan [tell ll? Ii? Heart '12 Inch-ea: at raw nil in name [Can-Shift] 5 minutes Eu minutee apt seam-Below is a list, separated by working section, of some of the hazards that were recorded in the production reports but were not recorded in the required examination records that were made available to MSHA. (Also see Figures 6 and 7, which follow.) HG 22:            “230 minutes [down time], intake air going in wrong direction off old intake.” January 7, 2010, day shift. “Lost air in face return had very little pull to it. Found return stopping out. Had to build back.” January 11, 2010, day shift. “Adverse roof conditions.” February 12, 2010, evening shift. “At 24 break between 1-2 top broke up 2’, 3’, 4’, 6 ½’ spot bolted with cable bolts. Adverse roof conditions 1-3.” February 16, 2010, day shift. “Adverse roof conditions 1-3. Bolting ribs.” (Production Report Noted: down 101 minutes-roof conditions). February 18, 2010, day shift. “No air lob [last open break]. Went to glory hole fixed problem where air was leaking, put curtains across return overcast+ fly pads going to old intake, found 5 stoppings with holes in them, finish stopping on return side + plaster.” February 23, 2010, day shift. “120 minutes [down time] holes in intake to get air to the section.” March 1, 2010, evening shift. “Inspector had section down low air. Shut down by inspector not enough air in lob only. Section down for low air.” March 2, 2010, day shift. “25 min reventelating [sic] to get methane out of # 3 1.5 % reduce to .30” down 60 minutes.” March 2, 2010, evening shift. “Lob [last open break] low air in it. Found problem outby double door open.” March 11, 2010, day shift. “Low air on lob. Doors outby going to back to HG 22 tail open 7:008:00. Adverse roof conditions coal streaks four? 5’ up.” March 16, 2010, day shift 47 “Low Air in LOB. Doors outby going to HG22 Tail open 7:00-8:10…Adverse Roof condition their coal streak four ?5’ up. Falling out to it in #1 2.” Figure 6. Comparison of HG 22 on-shift report and production report dated 3/16/10. 48 “25 min Reventelating to get methane out of #3 1.5% Reduce to .30” Figure 7. Comparison of HG 22 on-shift and production report dated 3/2/10. 49 TG 22:  “Air coming up belt had to build airlock # 2 had about 24” of water for about 100 feet.” March 16, 2010, dayshift. Headgate 1 North (Longwall):  “Shot at Ellis punch out, set CO’s off.” September 30, 2009, evening shift.  “Had a fall from #1 shield to about 15 foot outby crusher. Had to build cribs down by s/l and into LOB also the rock was in crusher and back to head was about 10 feet high 16 foot wide, crew had to drill and shoot rock up to 4 times to get to run. It took 45 minutes each time we had to drill and shoot. 180 minutes to drill and shoot.” December 4, 2009, evening shift.  “No production took in 13 hp pump and put at supply doors, Both pumps on face were down. Had to put new discharge lines on both due to shields being pulled in and gob smashed both lines. Water was approx 8” from top of shields.” January 3, 2010, evening shift.  “No production, 4 North belt tail went down while coming underground at 43 br, we went over to the belt head, and saw a lot of smoke, we got the water hose and started putting water on tail roller, I left 4 men at tail piece, I took 4 men to longwall to fix pump in swag.” January 10, 2010, evening shift.  “Water gets bad cutting from head back to 115 while pump is running while cutting.” January 18, 2010, evening shift.  Maintenance report “the tip sprays that need to be every 20 shields, most are not working.” March 6, 2010, “A” crew, Failure to Correct Hazards PCC engaged in a practice of failing to correct recorded hazards. For example, belt examination records repeatedly indicated that the belts needed to be cleaned and/or dusted. From March 5, 2010 through April 5, 2010, examiners recorded, but did not correct, the following hazardous conditions for the six conveyor belts where the explosion propagated:  HG 22 #1 belt - 15 consecutive shifts reflect the belt needed cleaning and dusting with no corrective action taken. Of 90 producing shifts, 83 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed cleaning and 96 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed dusting. 50      TG 22 #1 belt - 24 consecutive shifts are recorded needed cleaning and 18 shifts needed dusted, with no corrective action taken. Of 73 producing shifts, 92 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed cleaning and 99 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed dusting. TG 22 #2 belt - 14 consecutive shifts are recorded needed cleaning and 18 shifts needed dusted with no corrective action taken. Of 54 producing shifts, 48 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed cleaning and 78 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed dusting. North #6 belt - six consecutive shifts are recorded needed cleaning and 15 shifts needed dusted with no corrective action. Of 90 producing shifts, 100 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed cleaning and 86 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed dusting. North #7 belt - 3 consecutive shifts are recorded needed cleaning and 21 shifts needed dusted with no corrective action taken. Of 90 producing shifts, 36 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed cleaning and 97 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed to be dusting. Longwall Belt - six consecutive shifts are recorded needed cleaning and 15 shifts needed dusted without any corrective action taken. Of 89 producing shifts, 67 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed cleaning and 83 percent of the shifts reflect the belt needed dusting. During the underground investigation, MSHA identified accumulations in over 50 locations along the conveyor belts. These accumulations were allowed to pile up below and around the belt and belt structure, and along portions of ribs that were not cleaned up during initial development. Examples of this are shown in Figures 8 and 9. The size and number of these accumulations demonstrate that the hazards existed for a long period of time. 51 Figure 8. Accumulations of loose coal with the top of the pile flattened due to rubbing the moving belt. 52 Figure 9. Accumulations of loose coal built up to the point that the belt roller is turning in the accumulations. Another example taken from production reports demonstrated poor roof conditions:    January 5, 2010: “return #1 entry off of 2 section, bad top, cut down both ribs and breaking around bolts, 54-55 bk.” January 23, 2010: “bad top in return going out Bandytown at 53-55 bk, is cut down both ribs and busted up in the middle and falling out.” February 23, 2010: “bad top in return next to overcast, spad no. 23960, going out old 2 section and 1 section return.” 53 These records indicate PCC’s failure to take corrective action. Examiners testified that the repetition of the hazards in the books was based on a failure to correct the hazards, rather than a failure to record corrective action. In addition, the examination record book from January 5, 2010 to March 31, 2010 for airways inby Ellis switch documents more than 75 separate instances of hazardous conditions. Only six hazardous conditions were recorded as corrected. The documented hazards ranged from adverse roof conditions to the presence of rock and material in the travelways. Inadequate Training MSHA found widespread deficiencies in PCC’s efforts to comply with its approved training plan. The training plan, approved March 29, 2007 pursuant to 30 C.F.R. § 48.3(a), described several training programs, including those for experienced miner training, task training, and annual refresher training. MSHA interviewed miners and reviewed various PCC and contractor training functions that included plans, classes, curriculum materials, and records. MSHA reviewed employee training files covering the two-year period from April 5, 2008 to April 5, 2010, compiled from employee and contractor labor employee lists, for compliance with Parts 48A and 48B of the approved training plan. PCC failed to provide any training records for 30 miners as required by 30 C.F.R. §48.6, including PCC President Chris Blanchard and another top company official. Based on the information available, MSHA found that 112 miners either did not receive experienced miner training or received incomplete experienced miner training; 44 miners did not receive task training before performing the task as mobile equipment operators or performing other new job tasks; and 21 miners did not receive annual refresher training. In addition, 22 miners received experienced miner training from individuals who were not MSHA-approved instructors. Nine different individuals certified these miners’ training records despite not being MSHA-approved instructors. PCC was aware of many of these deficiencies because Massey Coal Services, a subsidiary of Massey Energy Company, performed an audit in September 2009 and identified a number of training deficiencies in PCC’s efforts to comply with its approved training plan. These deficiencies included PCC’s failure to provide experienced miner training and task training to a number of individuals, including several miners who worked on the longwall. As of April 5, 2010, PCC had failed to correct or address most of these deficiencies and Massey Coal Services had failed to take any steps to ensure that PCC corrected the deficiencies. Experienced Miner Training Training records and interview testimony indicated that 112 miners either did not receive experienced miner training or received incomplete experienced miner training. The miners who failed to receive experienced miner training received hazard training only or 54 no training; this group of miners included members of the longwall crew that were transferred to UBB from Logan’s Fork in 2009. All miners received Massey Initial Training (MIT) when they started working for PCC. On May 5, 2010, MSHA observed the MIT program conducted at the Marfork Coal Company (Marfork) training center. The training lasted approximately three hours and was predominantly related to Massey policies. After the MIT program, the instructor completed a MSHA Form 5000-23 (record of training) for individuals in the training session as having received the experienced miner training. When interviewed, the instructor stated that prior to April 5, the courses of instruction consisted mostly of Massey policy. The MIT program covered only one subject (self-rescue and respiratory devices) of the 12 subjects listed in their approved training plan and required in 30 CFR Section 48.6(b). The MIT program ignored 11 subjects:            Introduction to work environment Mandatory health and safety standards Authority and responsibility of supervisors and miners’ representatives Entering and leaving the mine; transportation; communication Mine map; escapeways; emergency evacuation; barricading Roof or ground control and ventilation plans Hazard recognition Prevention of accidents Emergency medical procedures Health Health and safety aspects of the tasks to which the experienced miner is assigned The MIT program deferred to the individual operator (i.e. PCC) to complete the other requirements of experienced miner training, including the introduction to the work environment. It was determined that 112 of these employees did not receive this training as required. MSHA determined that PCC’s failure to train its miners in hazard recognition contributed to the conditions which were involved in the explosion on April 5. The miners’ lack of training in hazard recognition was corroborated by the existence of extensive accumulations of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust which went unidentified and uncorrected prior to the explosion. In addition, testimony and underground observations corroborated that miners were not aware of the requirements of the roof control and ventilation plans. Many miners had no knowledge of the 1997 explosion, which involved an ignition of gas in the gob near the tailgate side of the longwall face behind the shields in the 2 West Longwall panel, nor of the 2003 and 2004 methane feeders, all of which shared characteristics with the April 5, 2010 explosion. Knowledge of past accidents is a required part of training and is a crucial part of accident prevention. 55 Task Training Training records and interview testimony indicated that 44 miners did not receive task training before performing the task as mobile equipment operators or performing other new job tasks, including those related to performing preshift, on-shift, and weekly examinations, working on the rock dusting crew, and working on the longwall during production shifts. PCC’s failure to train its miners in a number of these tasks contributed to the conditions which were involved in the explosion on April 5. A number of preshift and belt examiners testified that PCC never trained them how to perform such examinations, which means they did not receive training on specific hazard recognition and roof control and ventilation plans. PCC did not train a number of rock dusting crew members on the amount of rock dust which must be applied to a given area. PCC did not provide task training to certain individuals on the longwall crew on the operation and maintenance of the longwall shearing machine. Annual Refresher Training Training records and interview testimony indicated that 21 miners did not receive annual refresher training over the past two years. In 2009, three miners did not receive annual refresher training, while in 2010. Eighteen miners did not receive annual refresher training. PCC conducted its annual refresher training in March, 2010. Many hazardous conditions and practices which existed prior to the annual refresher training persisted up until the time of the explosion and contributed to the explosion. Other Training Deficiencies PCC’s training records and miner testimony indicated additional deficiencies:  Under 30 C.F.R. § 48.9, mine operators must retain copies of training certificates for various lengths of time. PCC failed to provide any training records for 30 miners, including PCC President Chris Blanchard and another top company official. Based on PCC’s failure to provide these training records, it is unclear whether these 30 miners received any of the required training.  Under 30 C.F.R. §48.3(g), certain training courses “shall be conducted by MSHA approved instructors.” 23 miners received experienced miner training from individuals who were not MSHA-approved instructors; nine different individuals certified these miners’ training records despite not being MSHA-approved instructors.  Ten members of management were designated as “responsible persons” as of April 5, 2010, but there were no records to indicate they had received the training required by Section 75.1501(a)(2).  PCC provided the names of six individuals who had received training for the examination and sampling of seals, as required by Section 75.338. The mine 56 seal examination record books, covering the dates from June 29, 2009 through April 5, 2010, showed that 17 individuals signed the books indicating they had examined seals. The training records showed that only two of the 17 employees received the training. One of the individuals had not received the annual training under Section 75.338 which was due in January 2010.  PCC identified five employees that operated the AMS frequently. AMS operators are required by Section 75.351(q)(2) to travel to all working sections underground every six months in order to retain familiarity with the underground mining system at their operations. During an interview, one of the five employees stated that he had not been to a production section in three years.  PCC stated “all members are qualified AMS operators as the AMS system and its operation are specifically covered during annual refresher training.” The operator did not have sufficient time allotted in the annual refresher training or the equipment necessary to train the AMS personnel. Contractor Training Issues David Stanley Consultants, LLC (DSC), Contractor ID YBV MSHA approved training plans for DSC, covering Part 48, Subpart A, Subpart B, Part 75, and Part 77, on July 28, 2006. MSHA interviewed certain DSC employees and also reviewed employee training records covering the two-year period from April 5, 2008 to April 5, 2010, for compliance, identifying numerous deficiencies. These deficiencies were included in the deficiencies listed above. On June 15, 2010, MSHA observed a training session conducted at the Marfork training center by James Gump, Director of Operations and Safety for DSC. The attendees were going to work at various Massey Energy Company mines for DSC. Gump provided training by using an outline which did not cover the course materials required by Section 48.6 (training of experienced miners), as specified in DSC’s approved training plan. The instructor did not have available for review the mine ventilation plans, roof control plans, clean-up and rock-dusting plans, mine maps, mine transportation and communications, or health and safety of the task to which the new miner would be assigned or other required course material. Nonetheless, the instructor completed a Form 5000-23 for each attendee indicating they received experienced miner training, even though they did not receive complete training. Mountaineer Labor Solutions, LLC (MLS), Contractor ID T025 MSHA approved training plans for MLS, covering 30 CFR Part 48 and §§ 75.160 and 77.107, on January 23, 2008. MSHA interviewed certain MLS employees and also reviewed employee training records covering the two-year period from April 5, 2008 to April 5, 2010, for compliance, identifying numerous deficiencies. These deficiencies were included in the deficiencies listed above. 57 The records, certified by Brian Buzzard, owner of MLS, indicated that experienced miner training had been conducted. MSHA determined that Buzzard had no training material on escapeway maps, ventilation plans, roof control plans, first aid manuals or first aid equipment. Buzzard did not have training models for the SR-100 SCSR or other course material for training experienced miners, as required by Section 48.6 and stipulated in the MLS approved training plan. Engineering Issues Interviews with Massey engineers reflected their confusion and unfamiliarity with the mine. PCC utilized engineering services from a Massey-affiliated engineering facility known as “Route 3 Engineering.” These services included surveying, mapping, and mine design. Engineers included Chief Engineer Paul McCombs, UBB Resident Engineer Eric Lilly, Matthew Walker, Heath Lilly, and Raymond Brainard. A number of Route 3 engineers testified that they had limited mining experience and rarely went underground at UBB. The licensed engineer who certified mine maps was more familiar with tax issues and long term planning for Massey, rather than the specific underground conditions of the mines in question. Route 3 engineers submitted 13 proposed UBB ventilation plan revisions that were denied by MSHA D4 between September 11, 2009 and April 5, 2010. In connection with these denials, MSHA identified fundamental deficiencies in plans and on maps such as missing regulators, missing stoppings, missing air directions, missing air quantities, and other regulatory deficiencies. A more detailed description of the plans submitted can be found in the sections entitled “Recent Revision to the Approved Plan and Map” and “Disapproved Revision to the Ventilation Plan and Map” under Ventilation Plan later in the report. The number of revisions and disapprovals are an indication of the lack of planning and inadequate engineering practices employed by this operator. Engineers testified that they did not know who was in charge of ventilation at UBB. When interviewed, Walker stated that there was not a specific person responsible. Without a clearly specified person responsible, ventilation changes were made without planning and foresight. Intimidation of Miners The Mine Act grants the right to request an immediate inspection when they have reasonable grounds to believe that a violation of the Mine Act, a mandatory health or safety standard, or an imminent danger exists. MSHA encourages miners (or their representatives) to do so via a toll-free hotline (1-800-746-1553) or on MSHA’s Web page under Online Tools (Report a Hazardous Condition) . They may also report hazardous condition complaints directly to an MSHA inspector. Despite the recognition by many miners of hazards throughout UBB, no one had made a complaint to MSHA since 58 June 8, 2006. MSHA did not receive any complaint related to underground hazards at UBB prior to the accident. Miners were routinely intimidated by Massey and PCC managers who created a culture in which production trumped all other concerns. Foremen were required to regularly report their production status to PCC and Massey management, as well as “downtime” reports for when production stopped. Because of this culture, miners testified that they were reluctant to make a safety complaint to their superiors, or pursue a complaint beyond merely mentioning it to their foreman. Miners did not alert MSHA of hazards prior to April 5, 2010. Even though miners knew of safety problems at the mine, they did not make complaints or report the safety problems because they believed they might lose their jobs as a result. A scoop operator testified that miners “know not to say anything because they know they'll probably get fired by the bosses.” He noted that even with air problems they were having, “you felt like you couldn't really say anything, because you know if you did, you'd probably be fired.” A shuttle car operator testified that his boss instructed him not to speak to MSHA inspectors. A foreman testified that Massey retaliated against miners who made complaints by assigning them to the hoot owl shift or to a mine with low coal. A purchasing agent testified that mine management would threaten to fire foreman when they called out and reported that they were down because of insufficient ventilation, “He would say we was stupid, that the guys are stupid, call up there and fire them. He wanted them in the coal in a few minutes.” The purchasing agent further testified when asked about managements’ attitude when unusual problems such as water shutting down the longwall for a couple of weeks, “…tell them guys to get the coal, we got to get running. It got to the point where I’d reach for the phone---we got caller ID. I’d reach for the phone and my hand would shake. ….I was at the end of my rope almost.” Similarly, another UBB miner, testified: “…they (miners) were scared if they took the time to ventilate that way it should be, whether they would be or not, they were scared they’d be fire or gotten rid of or taken off of that job and put on something that might not be as good for them as working on the face.” He further stated, “…you knew that you better go ahead and mine the coal or --- the atmosphere around Massey was, you know, you just keep your mouth shut and do it if you want to keep your job.” Massey established a toll-free number for miners to internally make safety and health complaints. However, some miners testified that they were reluctant to use this phone number because they feared retaliation.   59 In addition, testimony established that upper management at PCC threatened foremen and miners who took time to make needed safety corrections. An employee testified that upper management threatened to fire crews when they stopped production and that Massey CEO Don Blankenship himself pressured management to immediately resume production. A foreman testified that he heard Mine Superintendent Everett Hager yell at victim Edward “Dean” Jones, a Section Foreman on HG 22, who had stopped production to fix ventilation problems. Hager relayed that President Chris Blanchard stated that “if you don't start running coal up there, I'm going to bring the whole crew outside and get rid of every one of you.” Another foreman testified that Hager threatened to fire him for stopping production and working on ventilation. These were not idle threats. Miner testimony indicated that a top company official suspended a section foreman, who had delayed production for an hour or two to patch up leaking stoppings so that the minimum air quantity in the approved ventilation plan was available on the continuous miner section. Another foreman testified, miners who tried “to do the right thing” were “usually the people that [got] kicked in the teeth for it.” This culture of intimidation deprived MSHA of miners’ voices. Under the Mine Act, miners play an important role in identifying hazards. The Code of Federal Regulations (30 CFR) calls for all hazards to be recorded in a book available for inspection at the surface. Section 105(c) of the Mine Act specifically recognizes the potential for a mine operator to discourage the reporting of hazards and protects miners from discrimination when they report an alleged hazard. Under the Mine Act, miners may refuse to work in unsafe or unhealthy conditions and may withdraw themselves from the mine for not having had required health and safety training. Advance Notice of Inspections Section 103(a) of the Mine Act provides that no advance notice of an inspection shall be provided to any person. Despite this statutory prohibition, many miners testified that PCC or Massey personnel on the surface routinely notified them prior to the arrival of inspectors. A large number of UBB miners testified that they knew in advance when inspectors were in the mine because of communication from the surface. A UBB security guard testified that he had been instructed to call and alert personnel at the mine once MSHA inspectors were on the property. One dispatcher testified that the guard shack alerted him “every time” inspectors came on the property. Dispatchers testified that they regularly called foremen and miners on the radio or mine phone to alert them of MSHA inspectors’ presence. Several dispatchers stated that upper management had instructed them to give advance notice of inspectors to miners; if a dispatcher failed to do so, there would be consequences. A dispatcher characterized giving advance notice as simply part of the dispatcher’s “job.” 60 A former belt construction worker testified, “When they hit the bridge at Mont Coal, the security guard would come up through the repeater, tell the mine manager that they was coming, then the calls went out through the sections to be ready to make sure you were legal, rock dust, whatever. It was every time that anybody was coming to that mines.” PCC would also make ventilation changes in advance of the inspector’s arrival on the section, redirecting air and sending it to the section where the inspector was headed. A foreman testified that mine managers would call out for more air on the section where the inspector was headed, although miners only had a short time to make changes and the work was sometimes “chaos.” An examiner testified that PCC would send miners to adjust regulators and direct air to the section where the inspector headed, even though this reduced air in other parts of the mine where miners were working. Miners testified that they noticed more air on their section before the arrival of the inspector. A shuttle car operator testified that his crew would hang curtains more tightly and make sure they had air in the face. This advance notice gave foremen and miners the opportunity to alter conditions and fix hazards prior to MSHA’s arrival on the section. If they were unable to correct hazards, miners testified, the foreman would shut down the working section. As a result, the MSHA inspector could not observe safety problems during production. Because of PCC’s practice of providing advance inspection notice, inspectors seldom saw the way the mine actually was operated. Advance notice limited the effectiveness of MSHA’s inspection efforts at UBB. On October 26, 2011, Hughie Elbert Stover, PCC’s former head of security, was found guilty by a jury sitting in the United States District Court for the Southern District of West Virginia of a felony count of making false, fictitious and fraudulent statements to MSHA. Stover had falsely testified in his interview with the MSHA accident investigation team that UBB had a policy prohibiting security guards from providing "advance notice" of MSHA inspections; however, evidence indicated that he himself had directed guards to provide such advance notice. He was also found guilty of a second felony count of obstructing justice by ordering a miner to dispose of documents wanted in the accident investigation. Mine Accident Incidence Rate Accident rates for the period between 2006 and 2009 are summarized in Table 1, and compared to the national rate for all underground, bituminous coal mines. MSHA audited these accident records and determined that the accident rate for UBB was significantly higher than had been reported by PCC, as shown in Table 1. Table 2 documents the enforcement actions taken by MSHA from 2006 through 2010, based on information contained in MSHA’s Data Retrieval System. In addition, PCC and Massey’s underreporting of accident data denied MSHA the opportunity to properly investigate and assess accidents and hazards at the mine. 61 Table 1. Accident Incident Rates after Audits Non-Fatal Days Lost (NFDL) Calendar Year UBB Prior to Audit UBB After Audit National 2006 5.55 5.55 4.79 2007 2.41 2.89 4.74 2008 6.07 11.50 4.26 2009 5.81 10.24 4.04 2010 4.16 5.82 3.58 Table 2. Citations, Orders, and Safeguards Issued at UBB. Calendar Year 103(k) 104(a) 104(d)(1) Citations Orders Citations 104(b) Orders 104(d)(1) Orders 104(d)(2) Orders 104(g)(1) 107(a) 314(b) 2006 2 148 1 4 11 5 0 2 0 2007 0 269 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 2008 2 189 1 0 1 3 1 0 1 2009 1 460 1 4 1 48 1 1 0 2010* 0 117 0 1 0 6 0 0 0 * - Through April 5, 2010 prior to the explosion Inspection History (1/1/09 to 4/5/10) Regular Inspection (E01) MSHA conducts four quarterly inspections at underground coal mines each year, with the fiscal year beginning with quarter 1 in October and ending with quarter 4 starting in July. As has been noted, the advance notice given of inspections, coupled with PCC and Massey’s intimidation of miners, hampered MSHA’s effectiveness in conducting its inspections. Nonetheless, the number of violations issued to UBB and the number of hours that MSHA inspectors had to spend at UBB (inspecting, citing violations, and ensuring that violations were abated) trended upward in the five quarters leading up to 62 April 5, 2010 as indicated in Table 3. MSHA issued more orders under Section 104(d) of the Act (“unwarrantable failure” violations, which indicate higher negligence and gravity than some other types of citations) at UBB than at any other coal mine in the country in fiscal year 2009. Enforcement actions issued during regular inspections (E01) pursuant to Section 103(a) of the Mine Act for the time period from the second quarter of 2009 through the third quarter of 2010, are listed by quarter and summarized in Table 3. The data is sourced from MSHA’s Mine Data Retrieval System. Table 3. Regular Inspection History at UBB. E01 Event No. FY Inspection Quarter No. of Citations No. of Orders MMU Time (hours) Outby Time (hours) Surface Writing Time (hours) Surface Time (hours) Total Hours at Mine 4119932 2009-2 91* 1* 67.50 127.75 34.25 36.00 265.50 4119936 2009-3 119* 16* 90.75 175.75 45.25 52.00 363.75 4119293 2009-4 149* 23* 129.25 196.00 62.75 140.75 528.75 6288652 2010-1 58* 9* 151.25 206.75 30.25 104.00 492.25 6286108 2010-2 101* 7* 91.00 174.50 42.50 111.75 419.75 6284327 2010-3 5 1 4.00 1.50 3.00 11.75 20.25 * - Vacated issuances are not included in the Data Retrieval System (DRS) reports; subsequent to the DRS report, there was one citation or order vacated each of these five quarters (three 104(a) citations and two 104(d)(2) orders. Tables K-1 and K-2 in Appendix K detail the violations issued during 2009 and 2010 at UBB. During this period, there were 49 violations of 30 CFR 75 subpart E (75.400’s), relating to combustible materials and inadequate rock dusting, conditions which ultimately played a role in propagating the coal dust explosion. Spot Inspections (E02) Spot inspections are based on the provision of Section 103(i) of the Mine Act, which states that: 63 Whenever the Secretary finds that a coal or other mine liberates excessive quantities of methane or other explosive gases during its operations, or that a methane or other gas ignition or explosion has occurred in such mine which resulted in death or serious injury at any time during the previous five years, or that there exists in such mine some other especially hazardous condition, he shall provide a minimum of one spot inspection by his authorized representative of all or part of such mine during every five working days at irregular intervals. UBB was placed on a 10-day spot inspection cycle on July 15, 2009. On April 2, 2010, the mine was placed on a 5-day spot inspection schedule because the mine liberated over one million cubic feet of methane within a 24-hour period. Table 4 provides the quarterly spot inspection history from January 1, 2009 to April 5, 2010. Table 4. Spot Inspection History for UBB. FY Inspection Quarter E02 103(i) spot inspections Citations Issued Orders Issued 2009-2 6 12 0 2009-3 6 12 0 2009-4 9 6 5 2010-1 10 3 1 2010-2 9 8 0 2010-3 0 0 0 Total 40 41 0 Longwall Citation History The active longwall at the time of the accident was at the 1 North Panel, which was activated in September 2009. Table 5 provides a summary of enforcement actions for the longwall panel. 64 Table 5. Types and Number of Enforcement Actions for 1 North Panel between September 1, 2009 and April 5, 2010 Type of Enforcement Action No. Issued 104(a) non-S&S citation 23 104(a) S&S citation 6 104(b) order 1 104(d)(2) order 6 Total 36 PHYSICAL CAUSES OF THE ACCIDENT Methane was Allowed to Accumulate on the Tailgate End of the Longwall An explosive mixture of gases was allowed to accumulate in the vicinity of the shearer which was located at the tailgate end of the longwall. There were several failures that allowed this mixture to exist. The air current at the tailgate end of the longwall and in the T-split was inadequate to dilute and render harmless, and carry away additional methane when the floor feeder occurred. The mine not only had a history of floor gas outbursts on the longwall face, including events that occurred in 2003 and 2004, but also experienced an explosion on the face and in the adjoining tailgate in 1997, which management failed to consider. A detailed discussion of these events is provided in the section entitled, “Outburst History at UBB”, below. Examiners were unable to conduct examinations as required in the longwall tailgate entry (No. 7 entry) of the 1 North Tailgate because the operator failed to ensure that this entry was properly supported. The failure to properly support this entry is also important because it affected the ventilation such that it was not sufficient to dilute and render harmless, and carry away explosive, noxious and harmful gases, dusts, smokes and fumes. The Explosion Began as a Methane Ignition that Originated Near the Tailgate and Transitioned into a Coal Dust Explosion The investigation team determined that the explosion was a methane ignition, which led to a methane explosion and then transitioned into a coal dust explosion. The methane ignition resulted in a fire that could not be controlled by the miners at the shearer, forcing their evacuation. The fire likely burned behind the shields for up to two minutes 65 before entering the T-split of No. 7 Entry in the Tailgate. Upon entering this area, the fire came into contact with an explosive mixture of methane. The resulting methane explosion propagated through the first outby crosscut before the methane was consumed. However, the methane explosion suspended and ignited float coal dust and coal dust, and the propagation of the coal dust explosion commenced. The flame zone from the coal dust explosion was extensive. If all the flame throughout the workings had resulted from the ignition of methane, then the explosion pressures would have exceeded the constant volume explosion pressure of about 120 psi in all areas of the explosion zone, which they did not9. This indicates that the explosion was the result of coal dust propagation and not of methane alone. The team carefully considered other possibilities, such as an explosion fueled only by methane, an inundation from a gas well, or a seismic event, but ruled them out due to lack of supporting evidence for these theories. The results of the team’s mine dust survey, the explosion pressures observed in the mine, a review of the limited amounts of methane detected prior to and after the accident, testimony from interviews, and examination records all indicate that the explosion resulted from a methane ignition/explosion transitioning into a coal dust explosion. The first step in determining what kind of explosion occurred is to understand where the explosion traveled and the “footprint” it left. Investigators determined that the flame associated with the explosion traveled throughout the northern section of the mine. A mine map showing the extent of flame, along with the incombustible contents and the quantity of coke in the mine dusts at each sampled location underground is contained in Appendix Z. Based upon the flame path, investigators concluded that the level of methane necessary to extend flames into those areas would have resulted in pressures that would have caused far more damage than was actually observed. A methane inundation originating near the tailgate also would have extended flame into more areas than it did (for example, across the longwall face, which suffered only limited heating during the accident). Finally, there was only a limited quantity of methane detected preand post-explosion, which was not consistent with a massive inundation of methane. The Methane Explosion Originated in the Tailgate Entry Near the Longwall Face The investigation team, along with independent experts, analyzed mine dust samples, looking for coking to determine where flames traveled; the impacts of heating on objects; and pressures, calculated by using affected objects as data points and running finite element computer models to determine the path of the explosion. This evidence pinpoints where the flame traveled. MSHA’s flames and forces team conducted an extensive examination of the underground areas affected by the explosion. The team also conducted work outby the Ellis Switch, as well as in all inby areas, including the 1 North Panel crossover entries. 9 NIOSH research has indicated that a constant volume explosion pressure of 120 psi can be exceeded with the ignition of methane accumulations that are more than 165 feet in length. 66 The flames and forces team considered all available evidence, including the direction of primary explosion forces, the location of victims and mining machinery after the explosion, the deposition of dust, the effects of the explosion on materials and equipment, the extent of flame, and the direction and magnitude of all explosion forces. The origin of the explosion was determined to be located at the intersection of the active longwall face and the No. 7 entry of Tailgate 1 North. This location is just inby crosscut 48. The mine map included in a subsequent section of this report addresses the direction of the primary forces and the origin of the explosion. The Extent of the Explosion is Consistent with that of a Coal Dust Explosion Mine Dust Survey The investigative team took 1,803 mine dust samples as part of its mine dust survey underground. Investigators sent all 1,803 samples to MSHA’s Mount Hope National Air and Dust Laboratory, which conducted an Alcohol Coke Test on the samples to determine the degree of coking. The exceptionally large number of mine dust samples containing coke, along with the magnitude of explosion forces, is indicative of a coal dust explosion rather than an explosion fueled entirely by methane. All 1,803 samples were sent to MSHA’s Mount Hope National Air and Dust Laboratory, where the incombustible content and degree of coking were determined. The incombustible content provides an indication of the pre-explosion conditions in the affected area of the mine, while the coking indicates the area affected by the flame of the explosion. A mine dust survey was performed in the area affected by the explosion. Of the 1353 samples collected in the affected area, 90.5 percent were non-compliant. Analysis results indicate that 1,412 (1,105 in intake and 307 in return entries) out of 1,803 (>78 percent) samples were not compliant with incombustible requirements in place at the time of the explosion. Analysis results indicate that 924 (684 in intake and 240 in return entries) of 1,137 (>81 percent) band samples were not compliant. Mine dust samples were taken in return entries of nine sampling areas. The average incombustible content in all nine areas was less than 80 percent, with a range from 43.9 percent to 63.2 percent. The return entries in these nine sampling areas were rock dusted inadequately. Mine dust samples were taken in intake entries of seventeen sampling areas. Sampling areas 1 through 6 showed average incombustible contents exceeding 65 percent, with a range from 68.6 percent to 79.9 percent. Sampling areas 7 through 17 showed average incombustible contents of less than 65 percent, with a range from 46.2 percent to 58.3 percent. The intake entries in these 11 sampling areas were rock dusted inadequately. 67 Taken in context with physical evidence observed and collected underground, the Alcohol Coke Test also indicated the extent of the flame. The flame engulfed the Tailgate 1 North, entered the Headgate 1 North, turning both inby and outby. It also entered HG 22 (via the crossover entries) and turned both left and right. The flame that turned left was consumed in HG 22; the flame that turned right entered the North Glory Mains, the Glory Hole Mains, the North Jarrells Mains, and the West Jarrells Mains. A full discussion of the extent of the flame is included under the subsection “Flame Travel” later in the report. The Pressures and Flame Generated by the Explosion The flame extent and the pressures generated by the explosion are consistent with a coal dust explosion not a massive methane explosion. For a methane explosion to have covered the area where flame passed at UBB, it would have generated pressures far in excess of what was observed and calculated for this explosion. MSHA estimated that the explosive accumulation of methane that was eventually ignited contained approximately 300 cubic feet of methane. When diluted with air to 10 percent, this volume of methane would form an explosive volume of 3,000 cubic feet. Importantly, the flame of an explosion generally involves a volume that is approximately five times the volume of the initial methane accumulation. The flame from this initial methane explosion affected a volume of about 15,000 cubic feet, or a linear distance of approximately 140 feet, based on the dimension of the mine openings where the ignition occurred. The methane explosion propagated away from the longwall face. With a flame speed of approximately 300 feet per second, the methane explosion would have extinguished in about ½-second while generating a maximum pressure of about 4 pounds per square inch (psi). The flame zone that actually occurred at UBB, however, was far greater than 15,000 cubic feet; it contained a volume of about 31 million cubic feet. This flame zone can easily be achieved in a coal dust explosion that generates limited pressure. To cover 31 million cubic feet of the mine from a methane-only explosion, considering a flame extension of five times, the initial explosive methane accumulation would have to have been about 6,200,000 cubic feet. This volume of methane would have completely filled nearly 52,000 linear feet of entry. The ignition of such a volume of methane in an underground mine could have resulted in a detonation with possible explosion pressures exceeding 600 psi, many times greater than what was calculated at UBB. The ignition of such a large hypothesized accumulation of methane would have resulted in explosion forces that greatly exceed forces that actually occurred underground. 68 The investigation team also concluded that the absence of flame on the longwall indicated that the explosion was not a methane-only explosion. On April 5, 2010, underground activities proceeded until the time of the explosion. At the time of the explosion, the HG 22 crew was boarding a mantrip to exit the mine at the end of their shift. The TG 22 crew left their section and traveled to just outby 78 switch. The crew at the longwall was not finished with their shift, as they changed out at the face about an hour later, around 4:00 p.m. During the investigation, 18 mine dust samples were taken from various shields across the longwall face. These samples were all subjected to the Alcohol Coke Test (to be explained in greater detail later in this report). The results indicate that flame did not travel across the longwall face. The evidence of lack of flame along the face indicates that neither suspended coal dust nor explosive quantities of methane existed across the face. It is expected that any inundation of significant volumes of methane at the shearer would result in methane accumulations, both in the tailgate entries and on the tailgate side of the longwall. There Was Only Limited Detection of Methane Underground Prior to the Accident and During the Rescue Investigators also ruled out a massive methane inundation based on the relatively modest levels of methane liberated, according to pre- and post-explosion measurements. Records of examinations that occurred in the shifts prior to the accident do not indicate that significant methane was present in the active workings. A post-explosion evaluation of methane detectors does not indicate that methane was present in significant concentrations in the active workings immediately prior to the accident. The methane monitors on the tail of the longwall and on the shearer did not de-energize electrical power, which would have occurred at 2 percent methane. Information collected from the handheld gas detector located at shield 83 did not record elevated methane levels prior to the explosion. Handheld gas detectors carried by Chris Blanchard and another top company official, two hours after the explosion, recorded a maximum methane level of only 0.3 percent at approximately two crosscuts of the longwall face in the tailgate entry. Additionally, on April 5, a rescue team member advanced to shield 120 on the longwall face. He did not report any sound emanating from the longwall face or the tailgate entry which would have indicated a large volume of gas release. Nor did he report elevated levels of methane along the longwall until he reached shield 120, where he reported 2.0 percent methane. At this time the airflow was disrupted severely from the explosion, and a large-volume gas release would have contaminated the face and tailgate of the longwall. Taken together, these facts indicate that the magnitude of the gas release was likely in the order of hundreds of cubic feet per minute, rather than a massive inundation. 69 The autopsy reports show that methane was not found in any examined body tissue for 22 of the victims. Of the 7 victims who did have methane in some tissue, two were on the longwall and five were on or near the mantrip in HG 22. The methane found in these victims is most likely due to decomposition given the fact that their bodies were recovered from the mine more than five days after death. The methane found in the body tissue cannot be used to quantify accurately the amount or concentration of methane that was breathed or for how long. The lack of methane in the remaining 22 victims suggests that methane was not present at any of their locations at the time of the accident. Analysis of Methane Liberation at the Bandytown Fan Measurements at the Bandytown fan indicated higher liberation of methane postaccident than what was recorded during pre-accident mining. Investigators determined that likely came from floor fractures, as well as a product of combustion generated by the explosion itself. The volume of methane liberated from a coal mine is dependent on several factors including gas reservoir characteristics of the coal seam and the surrounding strata, type of mining, rate of mining, depth of overburden, and the existence of geologic structures. Methane can be released into a mine during the cutting of coal, through mining-induced fractures, and through pre-existing fractures and joints in the coal, roof and floor strata. The liberation rate may vary, depending on conditions encountered and the rate in which coal is being extracted. There may be several different sources from which the gas enters the mine. Some of these sources include coal seams, gas bearing shale and sandstone formations, and adjacent abandoned or active mines. The concentrations of hydrocarbons and other gaseous components can vary, dependent on the source. Generally, a coal seam contains gas composed mostly of methane with trace amounts of other hydrocarbons and is referred to as coalbed methane. The coal seam is the source and reservoir of coalbed methane. Rock strata, such as shale, may contain gas composed of methane with higher concentrations of the heavier hydrocarbons than coalbed methane. A combination of these gases is commonly referred to as natural gas. The rock stratum may be a reservoir and/or source of natural gas. Sealed and worked-out areas in mines may contain gas mixtures other than coalbed methane. 70 Pre-Accident Methane Liberation During each MSHA quarterly inspection of the mine, inspectors collected air samples in all of the return entries where air exited the mine and in each of the working section return entry(s). Air samples were analyzed by MSHA’s Mount Hope National Air and Dust Laboratory located in Mount Hope, West Virginia. Air quantities were measured to determine the total daily quantity of methane liberated from the mine and each working section. Table 6 shows the total methane liberation rate for the two quarters preceding the accident. The samples collected as part of the 2nd quarterly inspection revealed the total methane liberation rate from the mine was 741 cfm, consisting of 681 cfm from the Bandytown shaft and approximately 60 cfm from the remaining portion of the mine. Table 6. Methane liberation in Q1 and Q2 2010 for various mine areas. Location Methane Liberation Methane Liberation FY 10 Qtr. 1 FY 10 Qtr. 2 East Mains 10,217 cfd 11,212 cfd North Portal 0 75,246 cfd South Portal 0 0 Bandytown Fan 1,155,583 cfd 981,052 cfd Bandytown Air Quantity 448,200 cfm Total CH4 Liberation (cfd) 1,165,800 cfd Total CH4 Liberation (cfm) 809 cfm *cubic feet per day (cfd), cubic feet per minute (cfm) 374,893 cfm 1,067,510 cfd 741 cfm The results of MSHA’s September 26, 2010 ventilation study revealed a balanced airflow quantity at the Bandytown fan of 297,000 cfm. The pre-accident airflow quantity at the Bandytown fan was determined to be approximately 301,000 cfm. It was concluded, based on the ventilation study, that the air quantity was approximately 301,000 cfm at the time the air samples were collected during the previous quarterly inspection. Adjusting the methane liberation rate to the lesser air quantity resulted in a determination that the methane liberation from the Bandytown fan was approximately 547 cfm. In January, 2010, MMU-040 was mining in the Panel No. 1 Crossover and on January 13, the methane liberation for MMU-040 was determined to be 5.0 cfm. On March 2, 2010, MMU-040 began developing the “new” TG 22 and on March 7, the methane liberation was determined to be109 cfm. Therefore, the methane liberation rate exiting Bandytown fan would have been approximately 651 cfm, but could have been more if the liberation rate from HG 22 or the longwall had increased. As discussed earlier, the methane detector used by the examiner responsible for examining the bleeder system had not been turned on since March 18, 2010. Methane concentrations prior to the accident may have increased undetected from March 18, 2010 to the time of the explosion because of the examiner’s failure to measure methane in the bleeder system after that date. Gas released from floor fractures contained small amounts of hydrogen, which would have registered as carbon monoxide on the examiner’s detector. Detecting this mixture may have provided another means of early detection if an adequate and complete examination had been performed. 71 Post-Accident Methane Liberation The first reported measurements of gas concentrations at Bandytown fan were at 5:30 p.m. on the day of the explosion. These concentrations were measured with a handheld multigas detector and reportedly indicated 18.3 percent oxygen, 2.3 percent methane and >7,000 ppm carbon monoxide. Tests performed on the same model of the instrument revealed that a catalytic diffusion sensor (methane) measured all combustible gases in an atmosphere that was mixed with carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane. Investigators concluded that the methane and carbon monoxide concentrations indicated by the detector were elevated inaccurately due to crosssensitivity issues on the carbon monoxide and combustible sensors. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen are combustible gases and were measured by the sensor; tests revealed that the carbon monoxide electrochemical sensor was influenced by hydrogen. The carbon monoxide electrochemical sensor on the handheld multi-gas detector used cannot distinguish between carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Beginning at 8:30 p.m. on April 5, 2010, air samples were collected regularly at the Bandytown fan for analysis using a gas chromatograph, which is not susceptible to the cross-sensitivity of gases. Figure 10 contains a graph depicting methane liberation rate versus carbon monoxide concentrations for samples collected from Bandytown fan from April 5 – 30, 2010. Sample results indicated that the total volume of methane that exited at the Bandytown fan at 8:30 p.m. was about 1,250 cfm. The methane liberation rate declined to 890 cfm by 5:00 a.m. on April 6, 2010. 72 Figure 10: Methane Liberation Rate versus Carbon Monoxide Concentrations for Samples Collected from Bandytown fan from April 5 – 30, 2010 73 A single sample, collected at 6:40 a.m. on April 6, 2010 and analyzed by the gas chromatograph, indicated an increase in methane, ethane and carbon dioxide while carbon monoxide, hydrogen, acetylene, and ethylene decreased slightly. Analysis of air samples collected after the explosion indicated normal declining trends. The apparent short-lived change in the concentrations of methane, ethane and carbon dioxide could not be explained conclusively. From April 8 to April 27, the total methane liberation declined to a rate of 288 cfm. In fact, by April 13, most of the gases produced from the explosion were removed from the mine as indicated by low concentrations of fire gases, such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen. MSHA relied on the normal methane liberation (651 cfm) that was calculated for the 2nd quarter inspection and measurements collected on TG 22 in March, 2010. MSHA further assumed that the minimum liberation rate exhausted through the Bandytown fan was that which occurred during the steady post-explosion condition, which was reached on April 27, 2010 (288 cfm). After the explosion on April 5, the methane liberation rate from the active workings was higher than the liberation rate during normal mining. Following the explosion, all gases in the mine atmosphere inby Ellis switch were removed from the mine through the Bandytown fan. The removed gases included normal methane liberation from the active workings, methane from the mined out portion of the longwall panel, methane expelled from seal sets 8 through 15, methane and other gases produced as a result of the explosion and gases released from floor fractures on the longwall. Information was not available to quantify the contributions to the total excess methane from the individual sources. Figures 11 and 12 show graphical depictions of methane liberation rates from the Bandytown fan, based on information collected beginning 8:30 p.m. on April 5, 2010. The curve represents the total methane exhausted from the Bandytown fan from 8:30 p.m. on April 5, 2010 to April 30, 2010. The blue shaded area shown on Figure 11 represents the amount of methane exhausted as compared to the pre-explosion methane liberation. This represents the minimum amount of excess methane exiting Bandytown fan during the sampling period after the explosion. Figure 12 depicts the excess methane exhausted as compared to the post explosion steady-state methane liberation. This represents the maximum amount of methane exiting Bandytown fan during the sampling period after the explosion. Because the rate at which methane liberation from mining declines to the steady state non-mining rate is unknown, the actual amount of excess methane removed from the mine post-explosion would be between the two amounts shown on the graphs. 74 Figure 11. Graph of methane that was exhausted through the Bandytown fan for the period between April 5 and April 30, 2010. The area shaded in blue represents methane in excess of pre-explosion liberation levels. 75 Figure 12. Graph of methane that was exhausted through the Bandytown fan for the period between April 5 and April 30, 2010. The area shaded in blue represents post-explosion methane versus steady state liberation levels. 76 Source of Gas Measured at the Bandytown Fan The gas measured at the Bandytown fan likely came from floor fractures, as well as from the explosion itself. A portion of the excess methane measured at the Bandytown fan was likely to have been emitted from floor fractures, in which a gas shale formation was the source, especially since fractures were found on the longwall in the area of shields 160 and 170. (These fractures, and the geological conditions which created them, will be discussed in the next section.) Shale matrix permeability is extremely low and gas production typically requires natural or hydraulically induced fractures. Reservoir pressure is sub-normal, typically ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 psi. An abundant volume of gas could exist as gas in shale formations, but a small volume may exist as free gas in a naturally occurring fracture system. The amount of free gas available is dependant on the extent of the fracture system, which is associated with geologic structures. The liberation rate from the fracture depends on the volume and pressure of the gas in the fracture system and on the size of the opening where the gas was released. The liberation rate can vary in magnitude from tens to thousands of cubic feet per minute of methane. Turbulence created by gas flowing through a small opening generates sound. Previous high volume gas releases from floor fractures in the 2003 and 2004 inundations resulted in loud noises that have been described as sounding like a “jet engine.” Prior methane inundations at UBB and other mines operating in the Eagle seam resulted in mining disruptions. Generally, the affected area would be localized at the point of gas discharging from the floor fracture, and the gas release would dissipate within a few days. The volume and pressure of gas contained in the fracture system and the size of the floor fractures were relatively small, which limited the volume of gas that was released into the mine. Another source of methane measured at the Bandytown fan was the explosion itself. Research has shown that methane is a product of combustion that can occur during a coal dust explosion. The formation of products of combustion is typically related to the concentration and type of fuel that is ignited The critical concentration of coal that would be entirely consumed during a combustion reaction without producing methane is 0.123 ounces per cubic foot. When igniting suspended concentrations of coal dust at 2 ounces per cubic foot, over 1 percent methane can result as a product of combustion. It is likely that similar coal dust concentrations were ignited throughout the explosion zone. Consequently, significant quantities of methane were likely produced in this manner. The Explosion Was not Caused by Cutting into a Gas Well The investigation team considered the hypothesis that one of the working sections mined into a gas well, but ruled this out for lack of supporting evidence. Investigators reviewed several sources of data to identify any gas wells not included on PCC’s official mine map. The team reviewed the WVGES “Oil and Gas Wells of West Virginia” 77 website, which graphically displays known locations of gas wells, and compared it to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic map. Investigators also searched the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection’s (WVDEP) “Oil and Gas Well Information” website to obtain additional information about known gas wells. The WVDEP and WVGES systems and the mine map did record all wells indicated on the USGS topographic map. The investigation team also conducted several traverses in the field to confirm the absence of wells above the faces of the 1 North Panel longwall, HG 22 and TG 22, and the West Jarrells Mains. The investigation team found no evidence of well structures, pipes, or drill pads above the faces of the 1 North Panel or development sections. The investigation team met with members of Equitable Gas, along with a representative of WVOMHST, regarding the gas well (API 005-00810, shown on the mine map as Well No. 7645) isolated by a barrier on the North Jarrells Mains. The well was of interest because of its close proximity to the underground workings and the observation that, according to production records maintained by the WVDEP, the well displayed an apparent significant increase in flow rate beginning in the summer of 2008. Prior to 2008, the well exhibited a fairly consistent flow of approximately 200-500 thousand cubic feet of gas (mcfg). No production was reported for February through March of 2008. Beginning in July 2008, production records indicated a radical increase of over 1,200 mcfg, a rate that was maintained through most of 2009, with a gradual decrease toward the end of the year. Company personnel indicated that the metering device on the well was found to be nonfunctional in early 2008. Company personnel indicated that the meter had been replaced in the winter of 2008 after which time a much higher production rate was being recorded. The change in recorded gas volume from the well was due to faulty equipment. The investigation team also met with representatives of EXCO-North Coast Energy Eastern, the current controllers of natural gas resources on property corresponding to the HG 22 and 1 North Panel areas. Maps at EXCO-North Coast Energy Eastern’s Maben, WV office did not show any additional gas wells, besides those already identified by review of information available from Equitable Gas, the WVDEP, or the WVGES. As a result of this investigation, the team ruled out an existing gas well as the source of the methane/natural gas. 78 A Seismic Event Did not Cause the Explosion The investigation team considered the hypothesis that a seismic event triggered the explosion. Based on data supplied by the USGS, two rare seismic events occurred in southern West Virginia in the weeks preceding the UBB explosion. Because they occurred prior to the explosion and many miles from the mine, the investigation team ruled them out as playing any role in these events. The first was a 2.9 Richter Scale magnitude event that occurred on March 27, 2010 in Logan County, approximately 27 miles away from UBB. The shallow depth and location in a historically bump-prone area of West Virginia suggests that the seismic event represents a coal pillar bump, rather than an earthquake. The investigation team’s review of old mine maps, downloaded from the WVGES, identified an old mine with extensive pillared works within one mile of the plotted location of the seismic event. The extensive pillared works in the abandoned mine surrounded large, square barrier-style pillars that may have experienced rapid failure after decades of degradation to reach a critical size. The second seismic event occurred on April 4, 2010 in Braxton County, approximately 60 miles from the face of the 1 North Panel. Despite the seemingly close temporal relation between the April 4 seismic event (5:19 a.m.), and the April 5 explosion (3:02 p.m.), the 60-mile interval and 34-hour time difference does not support any recognizable relationship between the two events (Appendix M). Seismographs monitored by the WVDEP’s Office of Explosives and Blasting recorded surface blasting shots conducted on April 5, 2010 (Appendix N). The locations of surface blasts were plotted in a GIS, using coordinates provided by the WVDEP Office of Explosives and Blasting along with the times of surface blasting. Four surface blasts were recorded, approximately 2 ½ miles from the face of the 1 North Panel, but the earliest was over one hour after the 3:02 p.m. time of the explosion. The Geochemistry of Natural Gas and Coal Bed Methane As discussed above, investigators concluded that the explosion was a natural gas/methane ignition and explosion which transitioned into a coal dust explosion, rather than an explosion solely fueled by natural gas/methane. Investigators also concluded that the methane that triggered the initial ignition and explosion derived from natural gas, rather than coal bed methane. The information below describes how investigators determined that the source of the explosive mixture came from floor feeders on the longwall face. MSHA collected gas samples from four locations: UBB, Speed Mining LLC’s American Eagle Mine, and gas wells producing from the Greenbrier Formation and Marcellus Shale within seven miles of the 1 North Panel. The hydrocarbon content and stable isotope ratios were compared and plotted on discrimination diagrams to determine the sources of gas entering the UBB mine (Appendix O). 79 MSHA collected gas samples at different times from floor feeders located behind the shield pontoons on the longwall face at shields 160 and 170. The immediate vicinity of the floor feeders was characterized by a distinctive smell similar to that noted at the American Eagle Mine. Investigators registered high values of methane and carbon monoxide. The samples were characterized by gas content of 40.61% (90.15% normalized to 100% hydrocarbons) methane, 2.7% (5.99%) ethane and 1.21% (2.68%) propane, as well as 0.135% (0.3%) and 0.188% (0.41%) iso-butane and n-butane, respectively; 0.04% (0.08%) and 0.0202% (0.04%) iso-pentane and n-pentane, respectively, and; 0.018% (0.04%) hydrocarbons, including or heavier than hexane. The sample also contained 0.279% hydrogen and no carbon monoxide; however, a hand-held methane detector indicated the presence of several hundred parts per million of carbon monoxide. Although subsequent analyses indicated that no carbon monoxide is actually present in any of the samples, a carbon monoxide reading of several hundred parts per million may be a proxy for hydrogen, which the handheld detector is incapable of discerning from other fire gases. These samples are chemically and isotopically very similar to those collected from the American Eagle Mine and are representative of organic shale-derived thermogenic gas, rather than biogenic gas derived from coal. MSHA collected samples from small feeders emanating from the floor, throughout the HG 22 and TG 22 sections. Analytical results indicate a different kind of gas than that sampled at longwall shields 160 and 170 or at the American Eagle Mine. In contrast to those samples, which contained significant ethane and other heavier hydrocarbons, the HG 22 and TG 22 samples were characterized by methane content of 75-78 percent, with only 0.01-0.02 percent ethane and insignificant or non-detectable contents of C2+ hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the samples contained no hydrogen and during the sampling process, the handheld gas detector indicated no carbon monoxide. Methane Accumulations that Led to the Explosion As covered in the previous section, MSHA investigators concluded that the most likely scenario initially involved a methane ignition. The ignition source was located at the shearer. This section explores how the methane likely entered the mine and how PCC and Massey’s failure to abide by the roof control plan likely contributed to the methane accumulation that led to the initial methane explosion. PCC’s mining progressed into a geological fault zone that was a reservoir and conduit for methane. Indications of this fault zone prior to April 5, 2010 include methane outbursts at the mine in 2003 and 2004, a methane explosion in 1997, and problematic ground conditions. When mining progressed into the fault zone beneath deep overburden, existing fractures in the zone dilated and released previously trapped methane. On April 5, 2010, gas was released from the fault zone as a floor feeder near the back of the shields, characterized by a flow rate of several hundred cubic feet per minute. The intersected expression of the fault zone conduit was represented by a series of 80 fractures between shields 160 through 171, on the tailgate side of the face, where the longwall shearer was operating at the time of the explosion. During the investigation of the longwall, investigators found that methane was emanating from these fractures. Investigators concluded that these fractures supplied the methane that started the April 5 explosion. This methane likely migrated a short distance into the tailgate entry, where it accumulated. PCC’s roof control practices contributed to the accident, by failing to adequately support the tailgate entry as required by the roof control plan. PCC failed to either set two rows of posts or install two 8’ cable bolts down the tailgate entry. Prior to the explosion, the roof of the tailgate entry caved inby the face, restricting the airway through the next inby crosscut, referred to in ventilation terms as the T-split. This failure to install required support contributed to a roof fall in the tailgate entry behind the shields that allowed methane from the floor feeder to accumulate. The tailgate roof fall inby the face restricted airflow to the extent that it was not possible to dilute the additional gas inflow behind shields 160 through 171. On April 5, a small portion of this gas volume ignited, most likely on the fringe of a gas body, providing the initial explosive energy to suspend float coal dust in the tailgate entries that allowed transition to a coal dust explosion. Geological Background Geology and Previous Mining Near the 1 North Panel, the Eagle seam is a single coal bed 26-40 inches in thickness that is sometimes separated into two benches by a several-inch-thick sandstone parting. Although the coal seam is considered to be 4 ½ feet, actual mining height is approximately seven feet. The seam is overlain by brown-to-black shale or mediumgrained, white sandstone where the shale is absent. Where shale is present in the immediate roof, bedding-parallel faults are sometimes present. In other areas, beddingparallel movement is indicated by pinched-off teardrops of sandstone entrained in coal, as well as by small thrust faults that disrupt the sandstone binder. Coal cleat (naturally occurring parallel planes) is commonly indistinct although it is roughly parallel to the locally dominant joint orientations of N 70-80° E and N 10° W. Uncommon joint orientations of roughly N 45° E and N 35-55° W are also present but are localized to restricted zones. The mine floor is generally hard and consists of a 3 to 10-inch thick layer of mediumgrained white sandstone. Floor heave is generally widespread and is characterized by slabs of sandstone cantilevered up to define jagged brows with several inches of offset, forming rootless cracks that bottom out in more easily deformed mudstone and sandy shale (Figure 13). Less commonly, floor heave is localized along structural geologic zones of weakness defined by joints, pot-outs, and slickensides. 81 Figure 13. Cantilevered slab of floor sandstone forms broken brow with rootless, open aperture fracture. This style of floor heave is typical throughout Tailgate 1 North, the Panel 1 crossover and adjacent rooms, TG 22, and HG 22. The UBB workings are variably overlain by up to six mined coal seams. The Eagle seam is separated by an interburden that ranges between 8-20 feet from the approximately two-foot thick Lower (Little) Eagle seam. In the 1 North Panel, the Little Eagle seam is 10 feet below the Eagle seam at the Panel No. 1 crossover. Core holes in the crossover area indicate a strata sequence comprised of 0.5-2.4 feet of gray shale, 5.5-5.7 feet of gray sandstone and finally 2.5-4.2 feet of gray sandy shale progressing downward from the base of the Eagle seam. The face of the 1 North Panel is beneath approximately 1,075 feet of overburden at midface, with maximum overburden of 1,275 feet encountered near the start-up room at the back of the panel. Review of mine map overlays indicates that a remnant pillar configuration is present above the southern quarter of the current position of the longwall face, characterized by two rows of pillars flanked by gob represented by split pillars in the Powellton seam (determined to be the No. 2 Gas seam by the West Virginia Geologic and Economic Survey (WVGES)), 170 feet above. Three thick layers of massive sandstone, each 20-30 feet, are present between the Eagle and Powellton seams, although floor heave and roof potting in UBB can often be correlated to remnant pillars surrounded by gob in the overlying Powellton seam. Additionally, there are several other mined coal seams above; see Figure 14 below. 82 Figure 14. Stratigraphic column of coal seams present above the 1 North Panel longwall face. Note that WVGES names are offset, beginning with the Powellton. Outburst History at UBB As a result of a gas outburst from a 240-foot long floor fracture at mid-face of Longwall Panel 17, MSHA conducted a ground control evaluation at UBB in 2004 (MSHA Technical Support, Roof Control Division Memorandum 04AA34, dated March 4, 2004). Formation of the fracture was associated with floor heave that tilted the shearer away from the coal face, a loud thump commonly associated with failure of sandstone in the roof (according to mine personnel), and longwall shields that were taking weight and yielding at mid-face. A gob/solid boundary in pillared works of the overlying Powellton seam was located directly over the outburst area. The overburden depth at the outburst site was 1,155 feet. 83 In the 2004 outburst, the shearer had been down for 20 minutes prior to the event and the face was idle. MSHA inspection notes on February 8, 2004 documented that the measured intake air to the longwall was 72,000 cubic feet per minute (cfm). The measured velocity at shields 17 and 160 was 340 feet per minute (fpm) and 210 fpm, respectively. On June 28, 2004, the measured intake air to the longwall was 79,040 cfm, according to inspection notes. The measured velocity at shields 17 and 160 was 542 fpm and 375 fpm, respectively. MSHA concluded, in June 28, 2004 notes, that the ventilation plan required minimum intake air quantity of 60,000 cfm and a velocity at shields 17 and 160 of 300 fpm and 175 fpm, respectively. Mine personnel reported that a similar event had occurred on July 3, 2003 on the adjacent, previously mined Longwall Panel 16 at an overburden depth of 1,175 feet. Witnesses described this outburst as a high pressure event with voluminous gas released, comparable to the sound of a jet engine. MSHA indicated, in January 29, 2003 inspection notes that the measured intake air to the longwall was 70,297 cfm in the last open crosscut (LOC) and 45,798 cfm in the conveyor belt entry. UBB’s senior mining engineer in 2004 concluded that at overburden depths exceeding 1,100 feet, especially beneath barrier pillars in the overlying Powellton seam, sufficient stress might be transmitted to the longwall shields at mid-face, where stress is already theoretically highest, to fracture a critical interburden thickness of 12 feet between the Eagle and Lower Eagle (Little Eagle) coal seams, thereby releasing the methane outburst. The longwall coordinator in 2004 also reported that shield monitoring data indicated the shields in the center of the face went into yield just prior to the event. An MSHA CMS&H D4 accident investigation report indicated that an explosion occurred in January 1997 in the 2 West Longwall Panel, which was the first longwall panel of the first longwall district. MSHA determined that the event involved an ignition of gas in the gob on the tailgate side of the face behind the shields. Witnesses reported hearing what they thought was a roof fall behind the shields, followed by a bright red glow and smoke coming from behind the shields. Other witnesses reported seeing an arcing flash in the gob behind the shields after the apparent roof fall. Witnesses also reported that the caving or falling material sounded much more intense than usual. The longwall foreman at the beginning of the shift measured 450 fpm air velocity at shield 17 and 345 fpm at shield 160. In discussions with MSHA during the 2004 investigation, the mine’s senior mining engineer indicated that degasification wells were planned for the next longwall panel (Panel 18) in an attempt to bleed off any gas prior to encroachment of the longwall face. The mine had already constructed interburden thickness maps between the Eagle and Lower Eagle seams, and had constructed a structure contour map for the surface of the Lower Eagle seam, in an attempt to identify structural highs beneath which gas may have accumulated. Subsequent to that investigation, members of the Roof Control and Ventilation Divisions of MSHA Technical Support attended a meeting with UBB and D4 personnel to discuss additional outburst mitigation measures. During the current accident investigation, it was determined that the mine did not have a degasification 84 plan and the measures discussed in 2004 had not been implemented. However, the mine map indicates that Panel 18 was terminated short of its intended length. This termination coincides with a projected (imaginary) diagonal line connecting the 2003 and 2004 outburst locations. Eagle Seam Outbursts MSHA D4 personnel indicated to MSHA investigators that the only other known example of methane inundation reported in the Eagle seam, besides UBB, occurred in the Horse Creek Eagle Mine, located approximately six miles southeast of UBB. Witnesses interviewed during the 2004 UBB investigation also reported that floor bursts had occurred at the Harris No. 1 Mine. An engineer from Harris No.1 Mine indicated to investigators that the floor was prone to fracturing and releasing varying volumes of gas in conditions of higher overburden, although he stated that voluminous, high pressure “jet engine” style outbursts had not occurred. During the course of the UBB accident investigation, several gas floor feeder events occurred at Speed Mining, LLC’s American Eagle Mine in the same seam, located 15 miles north-northeast of UBB; MSHA investigated these events. UBB has a Geological Fault Zone, which Serves as a Conduit for Methane Description of the Fault Zone The investigation team concluded that a fault zone trends N 40° W across UBB, and dips 30° to the northeast (Figure 15). This is based on: 1) the locations of gas outbursts or explosions in 1997, 2003, and 2004, discussed above; 2) underground observations conducted at UBB in the 18 Headgate during the 2004 investigation; 3) extensive underground observations conducted between July 2010 and October 2010; 4) the face positions of Longwall Panels 11 and 12 when they were terminated; 5) observations of structural features in the overlying Powellton (Castle Mine) and Coalburg (Black Knight II Mine) seams; and 6) observations of structural features on the surface. To understand the conditions associated with the initial gas release, it is also critical to understand the interplay between the fault zone, the depth of overburden, and the redistribution of stress caused by longwall mining. The fault zone passes through the 2003 and 2004 gas outburst locations and the 1997 explosion, and projects through the face of the 1 North Panel, TG 22 development section, and West Jarrells Mains, as well as intersecting the HG 22 development section. This indicates a strike (compass bearing of geological feature) length of at least 4.5 miles. Mapping on the surface and in mines above the Eagle Seam indicates that the fault zone extends from the Eagle seam to the ground surface. The fault zone is interpreted to represent a ramp-and-flat system, in which the fault rides along the surfaces of weak strata such as coal before periodically cutting up across more competent layers. Individual structures within the fault zone include drag folds, bedding plane faults, reverse faults, and overturned anticlines (A-shaped geological folds) that exhibit a strike of N 40° W in or directly above the coal seams. Zones of vertical 85 jointing, which also strike N 40° W, are present in thick sandstone layers that overlie the coal seams. The zone also localizes linear pot-outs in the roof and zones of floor heave (Figure 16). Investigators interpret the fault zone to represent a conduit for methane migration into the Eagle seam from a reservoir that was ultimately sourced in organic-rich Devonian shale. PCC and Massey stopped several longwall panels along the projected fault zone. Another factor (discussed further below) in the release of methane appears to be the overburden present above the fault zone. While other panels mined through the fault zone without experiencing a methane outburst, those panels encountered overburden depths much less than 1,000 feet within the fault zone. The panels that experienced methane outbursts encountered overburden values of over 1,150 feet. It appears that several longwall panels, including Longwall Panels 11, 12, and 18 and Longwall Panels 16 and 17, were terminated in the vicinity where the projection of the fault zone intersected the 2,000-foot topographic contour. This corresponds to between 1,125 and 1,200 feet of overburden, depending on seam elevation (Figure 17). 86 Figure 15. Upper Big Branch Mine with projected fault zone, and locations of joints (green, blue), slickensides (red), and floor burst locations (purple) used to constrain the location and trend of the fault zone. 87 Figure 16. Detailed mapping in Tailgate 1 North, showing trend of floor heave (orange), joints (heavy black lines), pot-outs (green hatch), rib sloughing (jagged lines), and slickensides (red lines) projecting into the longwall shield 160-171 gas feeder zone. Heavy red, dashed lines indicate individual fault zone projections. Blue arrow symbols represent floor feeders inby longwall face. 88 Figure 17. Panels in which outbursts or explosions occurred are highlighted in red and lie along projected fault zone. Several panels were terminated upon intersecting the fault zone. Panels that encountered overburden of only 660-755 feet appear to have crossed the fault zone without incident, suggesting a critical overburden depth of 1,150 feet related to stress. 89 The Role of Overburden and Stresses in Opening the Fractures MSHA investigators explored whether overburden and stresses were a determinative factor in causing the outbursts. The evidence indicated that stress alone did not cause the outbursts, but did play a role in dilating the fractures along a fault zone. Nor did stresses cause a fracture to extend all the way down to the Little Eagle seam (the seam below the Eagle seam). Rather, mining into the fault zone beneath a critical depth threshold, corresponding to a stress value, represents the necessary condition to dilate the fractures in the fault zone and release the trapped methane into the mine. Overburden Stress MSHA investigators contracted an independent expert, Professor Keith Heasley of West Virginia University, to perform a LaModel (boundary element model) analysis of UBB to assess the effect of multiple seam interaction and overburden stress on mine stability and to assess whether a critical stress threshold might be associated with gas outbursts. Dr. Heasley’s model was used to assess the in-situ (in place) stress on the Eagle seam prior to mining to identify any high-stress areas and to assess any correlation between high stress areas and floor gas outbursts. Figure 18 represents a map of in-situ stress on the Eagle seam, including the vertical stress derived from the weight of overlying rock combined with stress associated with multiple seam interaction with the overlying Powellton seam mining. Although there appears to be a loose correlation between insitu stress exceeding 1,200 pounds per square inch (psi) and the locations of the 2003 and 2004 gas feeder events, they are not associated with the highest stress values of 1,800 psi or greater. At the time of the April 5 explosion, the longwall face was beneath a narrow swath of greater-than-1,200 psi stress associated with two rows of remnant pillars flanked by gob or thin, split pillars. Therefore, the documented outburst locations do not correspond to the highest stresses (>1,800 psi), and therefore, do not appear to be entirely stressdriven. 90 Figure 18. Map of in-situ stress on the Eagle seam, incorporating stress attributable to overburden and multiple seam interactions with the Powellton seam. White stars indicate locations of gas outbursts, with heavy black line on 1 North Panel (label), representing April 5, 2010 face position. Bright yellow patches represent >1,800 psi, with subsequent colors spaced at 200 psi intervals. 91 The Mine Floor and the Little Eagle Seam The accident investigation team constructed cross sections of longwall panels where face ignitions or gas outbursts occurred previously, for analysis using the Phase2 twodimensional finite element modeling program. This approach differs from the boundary element model in that it is capable of incorporating geologic structures and can model the effects of mining in the floor. In contrast, the boundary element model calculated pre-mining stresses on the Eagle Seam as a result of depth and overlying mining configurations. Although there is insufficient information available to constrain all input parameters, investigators used the finite element models conceptually to visualize stress distributions associated with longwall mining beneath remnant barriers and weakened geologic zones. The models were also used in a semi-quantitative way to assess whether sufficient mining-related stress could be generated to cause failure of the approximately 10-foot interburden between the Eagle and Little Eagle coal seams, and the depth to which stability of the rock mass might be affected. The models indicated that sufficient compressive stresses are not generated by mining to cause failure of the 8-10 feet of strata between the Eagle and Little Eagle seams. Thus, the interpretation following the 2004 event that high stress was driving the shields into the floor at mid-face and causing the rock to fail does not appear to have been correct. The models did, however, indicate that rock strength in the intervening strata is commonly reduced to failure virtually everywhere along the panel as the face advances. Therefore, if it were assumed that the source of the gas were the Little Eagle seam, and that stress was the only controlling factor, gas outbursts should occur continuously as the intervening strata is fractured. This is not the case, because the outbursts are rare events that occur at specific locations. The models suggest that passage of the longwall face can be expected to impart stresses of several thousand psi to the strata several feet beneath the longwall face. The stresses can also be expected to routinely reach the Little Eagle seam below. As the longwall face passes, the gob floor is expected to be subjected to tensile stress as confinement is removed. Passage of the longwall face is expected to disturb both vertical and shallowly dipping joints for significant depths below the Little Eagle seam. Because some modeled panels had low strength factors at virtually every face position, outbursts cannot be explained solely in terms of stress acting on continuously lateral strata. The Role of the Fault Zone Having a low strength factor in the interburden (the interval of rock between the Eagle and Little Eagle seams), thus, did not by itself explain the outbursts. Investigators examined the role of the fault zone in generating outbursts. 92 Investigators simulated the fault zone with a 100-foot thick zone, consisting of vertical joints, that dips 30° across the stratigraphic sequence (rock layers), resulting in an intercept width of 200 feet for each layer of strata (Figure 19). This configuration matches closely the geological observations, i.e. intact rock hosting widely spaced joints or other geological structures within the shallowly dipping fault zone. Simulated vertical joints were spaced 20 feet apart within the 30° dipping zone and given a friction angle of 28°, with no tensile strength or cohesion. Joint ends were specified as being open at excavation boundaries. Areas outside the fault zone did not incorporate joints, and when the simulated longwall face position was 250 feet inby the April 5, 2010 position, strength factors less than one extend only a calculated five feet into the floor, approximately halfway to the Little Eagle seam (Figure 20 and 21). When the longwall face had reached its April 5, 2010 position, such that the 30°- dipping fault zone was cantilevered over the face, zones of tension extend a predicted 25 feet into the floor along joint zones, and a zone of strength factors less than one extends 15 feet into the floor. This fully encompasses the Little Eagle seam and intervening interburden to the Eagle seam, with the zone extending beneath the Little Eagle seam for a short depth. Thus, investigators concluded that the most likely explanation for the failure mechanism associated with the gas inflow at shields 160-171 is that mining into the fault zone beneath the two rows of remnant barriers at over 1,000 feet of depth resulted in a unique overlap of factors that caused the development of tension zones along preexisting geologic structures for a calculated 25 feet into the floor. 93 Figure 19. Stratigraphy in Rocscience showing incorporation of 30° dipping fault zone that is comprised of vertical joints spaced 20 feet apart for 1 North Panel cross section. 94 face Figure 20. Distribution of strength factors when 1 North Panel longwall face is 250 feet inby the April 5, 2010 face position, outside the projected fault zone. Strength factors less than one are calculated to extend only five feet into the floor beneath the face. 95 face Figure 21. Distribution of strength factors when the 1 North Panel longwall face is at its April 5, 2010 position. Zones of tension are developed along joints below the Little Eagle seam, with large swath of strength factors less than one extending 25 feet into the floor, which encompasses the Little Eagle seam and underlying strata. 96 Methane Likely Migrated from Behind the Shields to the Shearer During the investigation of the longwall, methane was found to be emanating from the mine floor in several locations near the tailgate end of the longwall face between shields 160-171. As discussed later in the report, methane was present at the longwall shearer, where the initial methane ignition occurred. (It was also present at Tailgate 1 North, where the localized methane explosion occurred; this will also be considered later). MSHA investigators devised a test to observe the path the gas may have traveled as it was being released into the ventilating air stream. This test aided investigators in conceptualizing how a plume of gas from a point source behind the shields might enter the airstream and travel into the tailgate. The test also helped to assess how the plume would interact with the methane sensors mounted on the longwall shearer and tailgate drive. The conditions on the longwall at the time of the test were different than in the moments prior to the explosion. Full details related to the ventilation system on April 5, 2010 are not presently known, as discussed elsewhere in this report. Additionally, the airflow volume and velocity crossing the face was different than reported in company examination books and the information called out of the mine for the record books. Despite these limitations, however, the test is a useful way to visualize how air might have traveled in the shield walkway, behind or through the shields, and in the tailgate. The test involved releasing chemical smoke near the location of the fractures in the mine floor, and tracking the path the smoke traveled. Figure 22 shows the shearer, methane sensors, and shield locations. Investigators used video equipment to document the results of the tests on the longwall face and in the tailgate entry. 97 Figure 22. Diagram of UBB longwall face, showing locations of methane sensors mounted on the shearer and on the tailgate drive. The first series of tests consisted of releasing smoke on the longwall face, with video equipment in the tailgate entry recording the path of the smoke. Investigators first released smoke behind shield 160. The smoke traveled downwind behind the shields until it reached an area where the gob had fallen tight against the shields, near shield 164. The smoke migrated from behind the shields out into the walkway and panline. The smoke moved downwind in the air current, traveling over the shearer, tailgate drive, and the methane monitor sensors. Investigators released smoke behind shield 170, first in light amounts and then in heavy amounts. In both tests, the smoke traveled behind the shields to shield 173. At shield 173, a portion of the smoke traveled behind the shields and out into the tailgate entry. The rest of the smoke came out of the shields into the walkway. The smoke traveled toward the tail and over the shearer, toward the tailgate drum. The smoke did not pass over either of the methane monitor sensors. Smoke was observed traveling over the tailgate drum of the shearer and into the tailgate entry. Smoke was also observed entering the back of the canopy on shield 176. The smoke traveled through the canopy toward the face. It exited the canopy through a hole near the shield tip. Tests were also performed by releasing smoke in the walkway at shield 176. This smoke also traveled into the tailgate entry and across the tailgate drum of the shearer. Smoke was then released behind shield 170 and the path of the smoke was recorded. Again, the smoke traveled across the shearer without passing over either of the methane sensors. 98 Although these tests cannot determine conclusively what happened on the day of the accident, the observations indicate that there may have been air flow paths by which gas, entrained in the air stream, migrated to the longwall shearer and did not encounter either of the two methane sensors mounted on the longwall shearer and tailgate drive. A Roof Fall in Tailgate 1 North Restricted Airflow, Likely Allowing Methane to Accumulate The roof control plan in effect at the time of the accident includes a number of diagrams that refer to roof bolting or support, indicating that the tailgate entry of the longwall panel was required to have either two rows of 8’ cable bolts, or two rows of wood posts or hydraulic jacks installed between primary supports for a distance of 1,000 feet outby the face. However, underground observations revealed that two rows of cable bolts had not been installed in the Tailgate 1 North (also known as Tailgate 21) and that only a single row of posts was installed along the solid block of coal. The failure to install appropriate tailgate support is significant because observations indicate that crosscut 49, the next crosscut inby the face, had already caved-in prior to the face reaching crosscut 48 and before the explosion based on debris on the fall rubble (Figure 23). PCC’s failure to install either two rows of posts or two rows of eight foot cable bolts for support restricted the airflow in the tailgate entry inby the longwall face and contributed to the inability to adequately ventilate the tailgate area, which is discussed in the next section. Figure 23. Caved roof in tailgate entry, as viewed in crosscut 49, which represents the next crosscut inby the face. Coatings of soot on the fallen rubble, juxtaposed against small pieces of freshly fallen, white sandstone, indicate that the intersection had caved prior to the explosion. 99 MSHA’s Ventilation Surveys and Analysis To explore the ventilation of the mine, MSHA investigators considered underground observations, interviews, and documents, including submitted plans, maps, record books, production reports, company ventilation studies, fan charts, and MSHA inspector notes. Higher level company officials, who should have had detailed knowledge of the ventilation system, declined to be interviewed and exercised their Fifth Amendment rights. It should also be noted that both Headgate 1 North from inby crosscut 39, as well as Tailgate 1 North from inby approximately crosscut 80, were inaccessible to the Bandytown fan because of deteriorated ground conditions. Although air readings based on company examination books are given in the following discussion, multiple inconsistencies and deficiencies were found in the books in a number of areas, including air measurements and quantities. As stated earlier, ventilation controls for the area inby 78 switch were almost completely destroyed by the explosion. As a result, mine rescue teams had to reestablish ventilation prior to recovering the victims. The teams built framed mine brattice checks across the 7 Tailgate 1 North entries between crosscuts 11 and 12, the three connecting entries at the intersection of the intake rooms to the North Glory Mains, and across the Headgate 1 North entries to better direct air into HG 22, TG 22, West and North Jarrells Mains. Additionally, check curtains were constructed in the HG 22 section, TG 22 section, North Jarrells Mains and West Jarrells Mains to establish a ventilation circuit to ventilate the inby portion of these areas. Those controls were in place during the investigation. Ventilation controls were also damaged outby 78 switch to the Ellis Portal. Some of those controls were repaired prior to the ventilation survey. Other small changes were made in the mine to the UBB/Lower Big Branch (LBB) area, changes which were taken into account for their impact on the system’s ventilation. Considering the existing mine’s ventilation system, the inaccessible areas in the Headgate 1 North and Tailgate 1 North toward Bandytown fan, and the unlikelihood that the ventilation system would be restored to pre-explosion conditions, MSHA investigators conducted an in-mine ventilation survey. On September 9, 2010, preliminary information was gathered on the Bandytown, North, and South fans in anticipation of conducting a ventilation survey. On September 28, a mine ventilation air quantity and air pressure survey was started at the mine by MSHA personnel. A total of 33 teams collected information over a ten-day period. Representatives from WVOMHST, the company, and UMWA representatives of the miners participated in the investigation. Investigators determined air velocities in the mine using vane anemometers with wands in the one-half area traverse method or using the smoke-cloud method with aspirators and chemical smoke tubes. Investigators measured mine opening dimensions to determine the area. Investigators then calculated air quantities from the measured velocities and corresponding calculated area of the mine entry in which the velocity was 100 measured. Investigators measured air pressure differentials between air courses and across regulators or partial ventilation controls using magnehelic gauges and digital manometers. The fan air quantities were based upon underground anemometer measurements in the mine. Investigators used Wallace & Tiernan altimeters to determine the total pressure at specific locations within the mine ventilation system. MSHA compiled and balanced this information to provide a computer model of the mine ventilation system, suitable for developing computer mine ventilation simulations. Overview of the Mine Ventilation System The mine had four sets of portals and a shaft, described briefly below:      The North Portal consisted of five drifts. There was one blowing fan intake drift, two air drifts with track in one (air exiting) and two return drifts. The South Portal consisted of five drifts. There was one blowing fan intake drift, one intake drift with a stopping in place, two track haulage air drifts (air exiting), and one return drift. The Silo Portal consisted of four drift openings. There were two return drifts and two air drifts with belt in one. Air exited at all locations. The Ellis Portal consisted of five drift openings. There was one return drift, three air drifts with track in one and belt in another, and one intake drift. Air was actually exiting through the belt/track drift entries, according to witness testimony. The Bandytown return shaft was a 16-foot diameter shaft with an exhausting fan. There was a 10-foot diameter coal transfer shaft, known as the Glory Hole, which connected UBB and the Castle Mine. This shaft was no longer in service at the time of the accident. It was abandoned and had been partially filled with coal and debris. Its effect on ventilation between the two mines was negligible. UBB was ventilated with two blowing fans and one exhausting main mine fan. The North Portal blowing fan was a Joy, Model Number 12065D, Serial No. MF4110, tenfoot axial vane fan. The fan was operated with a 1,000-horsepower, 4160 volt, 900 revolutions per minute (rpm) motor. Figure 24 is a copy of the North fan chart which was on the fan pressure recorder when the explosion occurred and shows the fan was operating at about 4.8 inches of water gauge (in. w.g.). 101 North Fan Chart March 31 April 6, 2010 ?\Pressure Spike at Time of Explosion Figure 24. Chart for North Fan, showing pressure spike at time of explosion. 102 The South Portal blowing fan was an Industrial Welding Buffalo, six-foot diameter axial vane fan. The fan was operated with a 200 horsepower, 480 volt, 1,200 rpm motor. Figure 25 is a copy of the South fan chart which was on the fan pressure recorder when the explosion occurred and shows the fan was operating at about 1.4 in. w.g. Figure 25. Chart for South Fan, showing pressure spike at time of explosion. 103 The Bandytown exhausting fan was a Robinson, Model Number DA-97AF1029-116, Serial No. 208-167, eight-foot centrifugal fan. The fan was operated with a 2,000 horsepower, 4160 volt, 890 rpm motor. Figure 26 is a copy of the Bandytown fan chart, which was on the fan pressure recorder when the explosion occurred and shows the fan was operating at about 5.5 in. w.g. Figure 26. Chart for Bandytown fan showing pressure spike at the time of the explosion. Although the fan charts shown in Figures 24 to 26 were not aligned correctly on the pressure recorder to correspond with actual time, each fan chart shows the pressure spike from the explosion. The North fan recorded a spike of over 9 in. w.g. over its normal pressure of 4.8 in. w.g. The South fan recorded a spike of 2 in. w.g. over its normal pressure of 1.4 in. w.g. The Bandytown fan spike went downward off the chart because this fan was exhausting and the pressure spike was positive. The magnitude of the spike cannot be determined but it was greater than the fan operating pressure. Several small variations in fan pressure were noted on the Bandytown fan chart following the explosion, although persons who were underground during that time reported no additional explosions. The North area hosted the longwall and two continuous mining sections. The southern, UBB/LBB portion of the mine, which hosted one active and one inactive continuous 104 mining section, was ventilated by the North and South blowing fans. The North fan provided the majority of intake air to the Ellis switch area. However, the Bandytown exhaust fan provided most of the ventilating pressure for the affected area. Near the Ellis switch intersection, the air was joined by air from the Ellis Portal. The intake from the North fan was regulated at this point, to assure the intake of air at Ellis Portal. This marked the transition from the blowing system of the North and South fans, to the exhausting system of the North area. The South fan had almost no influence over the North area. Airflow in a separate air course to ventilate seals (intake and return air courses), on the South side of Old North Mains in the North area, was induced by the blowing ventilation system. The air from this split exited the mine at the North Portal. Prior to the explosion, all of the air from the area inby 78 switch exited from Bandytown fan. Longwall Development Sections The HG 22 and TG 22 sections were developed with three entries, ventilating each of the sections with a single split of air. The preshift examination record book for the HG 22 section (MMU 029-0), at 3:20 a.m. on the day of the accident, indicated that the quantity of air measured in the last open crosscut was 18,848 cfm. The preshift examination record book for the TG 22 section (MMU 040-0), at 2:10 p.m. on the day of the accident, indicated that the quantity of air measured in the last open crosscut was 32,360 cfm. Weekly air measurements recorded by the mine examiner for TG 22 were considerably higher; a measurement of 61,310 cfm was recorded on March 30, 2010. The reason for this inconsistency is unknown. 1 North Panel The 1 North Longwall section (MMU 050-0) was ventilated with three entries on the headgate side. A majority of witnesses indicated that prior to the accident, the belt air was being directed to the longwall face, and although no air quantity measurements were recorded for the belt entry, testimony indicated that the belt air quantity was approximately 10,000 cfm. The preshift examination record book for the day of the accident indicated a measured quantity of 56,840 cfm and face velocities of 776 fpm at shield 9 and 513 fpm at shield 160. It is likely that the recorded longwall preshift quantity measurements indicate only the intake air portion of the total air that ventilated the longwall face. The tailgate consisted of seven entries near the face location. Two of these entries were a main return from the longwall development sections. The tailgate air courses consisted of five entries, all of which were ventilated with air that had ventilated the belt entries. 105 The longwall panel being mined was directly in front of the bleeder fan. It would be highly unlikely that airflow across the longwall face would have been disrupted by minor changes to the system. Barrier Section The active continuous mining section in the South (LBB area) of the mine was called the Barrier Section (MMU 062-0). A section foreman’s testimony indicated that the section had changed from a dual-split ventilation system to a single-split ventilation system three to four weeks prior to April 5, 2010. Portal Section This deactivated section (MMUs 066-0 and 067-0) was put in a non-producing status on March 30, 2010. Reconstruction of Ventilation Prior to the Accident Ventilation controls for the area inby 78 switch were almost completely destroyed in the explosion. In order to determine the location of the ventilation controls, and the air flow direction, the investigation team used the mine maps, stopping remnants and debris determined by mine mapping, as well as witness testimony. Although ventilation control locations were verified underground where possible, determination of the control type was often not possible. A map based on the available information depicts the area inby 78 switch as it was believed to be prior to the accident, and shows ventilation controls, and airflow directional arrows with recorded quantities where available, and when the measurement location could be determined (Appendix P). The in-mine survey determined an air quantity of approximately 297,000 cfm reported to Bandytown fan. Records indicated that the fan had not been altered since the explosion and was not affected by the explosion. The operating point for the fan was determined from the underground measurements, and the pressure indicated on the fan chart during the pre-survey (6.45 in. w.g.). The pressure taken from the fan recording chart during the survey was compared with the fan pressure recorded on the chart prior to the explosion (Figure 26). The operating point was plotted on a fan performance curve for Bandytown fan. A curve was drawn through the operating point and the pre-explosion pressure was used to determine the quantity at the fan prior to the explosion. The fan performance curve is shown in Figure 27. 106 Figure 27. Graph of air volume versus fan static pressure, defining the Bandytown fan’s performance curve. The measurement recorded in the record book for Bandytown fan was approximately 400,000 cfm. The air quantity reporting to Bandytown fan during the survey was measured several times by the respective investigation teams as described in the underground mapping protocols, using careful area measurements, individually calibrated anemometers with wands, and the one-half area traverse method. This method is more accurate than typical day-to-day air quantity measurement methods used by mine personnel. After constructing a computer model of the mine’s surveyed ventilation system, a simulation was developed to recreate the ventilation system employed at the mine prior to the explosion. An average friction factor was developed from measurements in North Mains and Old North Mains, in the area of the Nos. 4 and 5 belts. A stopping leakage resistance was obtained from the literature for “average stoppings.” Average mine entry dimensions of 7 ft. by 19 ft. was assumed. The air course and ventilation control location were determined from mine maps, stopping remnants, debris, and testimony. The opening sizes of some regulators were assumed due to lack of information. The accuracy of the simulation is imperfect, because of the limited information, as discussed in the report section entitled “Examinations,” and because of the destruction of the 107 ventilation controls in the affected area. Nevertheless, simulations gave insight into the expected effects of changes to the system. The simulation of the mine prior to the explosion indicated that the HG 22 section was ventilated with 26,700 cfm in the return, TG 22 was ventilated with 63,600 cfm in the return and the longwall had an intake face quantity of 67,700 cfm. The model indicates quantities close to those believed to exist prior to the explosion. While the quantities are not exact, the model should reflect the general effect of major changes. Several variations of the simulation were constructed in order to explore the effects of changes to the system. A simulation was made of the effect of leaving open the equipment doors near 78 switch. The results from the simulation indicated that there would not have been a significant effect on the longwall and TG 22 section air quantities and a small increase in air quantity (approximately 7 percent) in HG 22 from the change. Simulations with equipment doors at HG 22 open likewise did not significantly affect the longwall quantity. An examination of the ventilation system indicated a change that would have a large effect on the face quantity would be leaving the Tailgate 1 North equipment doors open. The results of the simulation indicated that the face quantity would have been approximately cut in half while over 150,000 cfm short circuited directly to the fan. However, the fan pressure dropped over 2 in. w.g. in that simulation. If this scenario had occurred, the resulting fan pressure change would have been recorded on the fan pressure chart. No such change was observed on the fan pressure chart. Similarly, a simulation was made with the Tailgate 1 North equipment doors half open. The longwall face air would have cut by approximately a third and the fan pressure decreased by 1.5 in. w.g. Again, no such change was observed on the fan pressure chart. A simulation was made to examine the effect of constructing the longwall headgate regulating doors. The simulation results indicated that the longwall quantity decreased approximately 19,000 cfm and HG 22 increased approximately 5,000 cfm. The preshift examination record books indicated that the longwall quantity decreased approximately 18,000 cfm and HG 22 increased approximately 4,000 cfm. The “T-split” During the ventilation survey, investigators determined that the air at the tailgate end of the longwall to be splitting both inby and outby the longwall face in the tailgate entry. This is commonly referred to as the T-split. The two crosscuts adjacent to the pillared area inby the face were found to have a total of 5,100 cfm exiting. This was with the face quantity at less than half of what was reported prior to the explosion. The flow as reported by examiners on the face would have increased the quantity of air at the T-split above 5,100 cfm. 108 It is important to have a functioning T-split because the air moving inby the face clears the area inby the longwall tail of contaminants and encourages airflow through and behind the last several shields, back away from the face. The solid gob shield plate size affected the overall air flow into the tailgate entry and gob. While the T-split was likely adequate during normal mining, investigators concluded that it did not provide enough airflow to safely dilute the amount of methane released prior to the localized methane explosion. Investigators also concluded that the origin of the localized methane explosion was in the T-split area at the longwall tailgate. Additional support in the tailgate, resulting in a greater air quantity in the T-split inby the face, would have provided increased dilution capacity for a methane influx prior to the localized methane explosion. Typically, roof support is installed in the tailgate entry to maintain an open area to provide a flow path back from the face to the bleeder entries. In the case of UBB, the plan called for two rows of floor to roof supports or two 8’ cable bolts. As noted earlier, it was observed that no cable bolts and only one row of propsetters (supports) was installed. The additional supports would have aided in keeping an airflow path open behind from the face, creating a larger air quantity in the T-split. The Methane Ignited at the Shearer, then Created a Methane Explosion in Tailgate 1 North An ignition source must contain sufficient temperature or energy to ignite methane. Methane can be ignited by a minimum ignition temperature of approximately 1,000º F . For comparison, this is the temperature where components in an electric circuit may begin to glow. In addition, the minimum ignition energy for methane is 0.3 millijoule. MSHA determined that the cutting bits on the tail drum of the longwall shearer likely generated hot streaks on the sandstone roof or floor. These hot streaks can exceed the ignition temperature of methane. Investigators concluded that this was the most likely ignition source. MSHA also examined potential ignition sources deriving from faulty or non-permissible electrical equipment, and other physical items, but ruled them out as an ignition source after testing hundreds of items. MSHA also found that other sources (such as a roof fall or friction generated by the pan line) were not likely ignition sources. This ignition of methane did not begin to propagate immediately. The flame from the ignition burned near the longwall tailgate for a short period of time, approximately two minutes. The methane ignition then triggered a localized methane explosion in the Tailgate 1 North. 109 Frictional Ignition from the Longwall Shearer Once the methane reached the shearer on April 5, the poorly maintained longwall shearer likely caused an ignition. The shearer was cutting into sandstone at both the roof and the floor and the mineral content of the sandstone posed a high potential for a frictional ignition. Two of the cutting bits on the tail drum had worn flat and had lost their carbide tips. The conditions of these bits thus had a high incendive potential. The abrasion of the cutting bits striking the sandstone likely created hot streaks. Additionally, the “last line of defense” against an ignition, the water spray system, was effectively absent because seven water sprays were missing from the tailgate drum of the shearer. A maintenance report (Figure 5) from March 1, 2010 indicates that sprays were intentionally removed in order to flush the tail drum of sediment from poorly filtered river water and other debris. Subsequent testing by MSHA revealed that with the seven sprays missing, the water pressure on the remaining sprays dropped to 0 psi and the water spray system was unable to cool the cutting bits and surrounding rock surfaces and push methane away from the shearer bits. The Sandstone Had a High Potential for Frictional Ignition Underground observations indicated that the tail drum was cutting sandstone in the roof and floor, while the head drum was cutting sandstone in the floor. Accordingly, MSHA collected samples of the roof and floor from the tailgate side of the 1 North Panel face for petrographic analyses (Appendix Q). Based on the mineral contents determined by thin section petrography, the samples were plotted on the diagram below for comparison with the incendivity index developed for rocks in Australian coal mines (Figure 28). The sandstone that the longwall shearer was cutting into on April 5 had a high potential for frictional ignition. The layers of coarse siltstone, which contain high mica content, plot in Category 1, indicating a low potential for frictional ignition. In contrast, the sandstone plots in Category 4 indicating a high potential for frictional ignition. The floor sandstone very nearly plots in the Category 5 zone, because of its high quartz content. Compared to the sample collected from the roof, the floor sample contains much greater quartz, and is characterized by a much greater degree of grain interlocking. Rocks with an incendivity index of 4-5 were shown in tests to have a high potential for frictional ignition, for rock-on-rock and metal-on-rock ignitions. 110 Figure 28. Diagram showing relation of UBB roof (red crosses) and floor (blue diamond) sandstone (SS) and siltstone (ss) to contour lines of incendivity index. Cutting Bits can Generate “Hot Streaks” In the laboratory, frictional ignitions have been initiated by metal-on-rock and rock-onrock contact. To initiate a methane explosion, a minimum of time, temperature, and surface area of a source are required in order to heat the necessary minimum volume of gas to a sufficient temperature. Experiments involving metal-on-rock friction have shown that combustible concentrations of methane can be ignited by “hot streaks,” which are smears of metal found on rock where the metal has been heated near its melting point. Sandstone, which the longwall crew was mining at the time of the explosion, generates hot streaks. In addition, experiments have revealed that bit surface area is significantly related to the incendive potential of a hot streak. Large wear flats on the cutting bits are more likely to cause an ignition, especially when the carbide tip has worn off and as little as 3 mm of the steel shank has been abraded away (Figure 29). 111 Figure 29. Relation between bit wear, in centimeters, and the number of cuts required to induce a frictional ignition, from Kissell et al. (2007). During the underground investigation, MSHA found that at least two cutting bits on the tail drum showed signs of excessive wear, including total erosion of the carbide tip and a large wear flat developed in the steel shank. One such bit is shown in Figure 30. Bits with large wear flats worn down to the steel shank striking quartz-rich sandstone, which is characterized by a high incendive potential, represents the most likely source of the initial methane ignition. While only a few bits were worn to the steel shank, one worn bit can provide an ignition source. 112 Figure 30. 1 North Panel tailgate drum, showing configuration of water sprays used in the pick-point flushing system. Note that sprays are directed toward the front of the bits, one missing water spray, and two bits exhibiting extreme wear. The Water Spray System Failed to Prevent the Ignition One of the purposes of a longwall shearer water spray system is to reduce the likelihood of a frictional ignition. Water sprays can reduce the likelihood of frictional ignitions by cooling the cutting bits and/or the surrounding rock surface, and by pushing methane away from the cutting surface of the bits. The shearer drums on the 1 North Longwall Panel were equipped with a pick-point water spray flushing system, which uses nozzles mounted in the bit blocks or in blocks immediately in front of the bits to direct water at the bit-coal interface (Figure 30). This wets the coal prior to cutting (it also functions to suppress dust that would be discharged into the mine atmosphere). MSHA D4 approved the Ventilation Plan for the MMU 050-0 (longwall mining unit) on June 15, 2009. The plan stipulated that water must be applied to the longwall shearer, the stage loader area, and the shield canopy tips during active operations. A fourth stipulation required shield washing on a weekly basis in order to prevent accumulations of coal dust. Information relating to the stage loader area and the shields can be found in the “Other Plans” Section below. The plan required that 109 functioning Conflow 650 2801 CC Staplelock drum sprays (full cone type) on the longwall shearer. A minimum operating pressure of 90 psi was required at the spray block. At the 90 psi pressure each spray would have a flow rate of approximately 0.82 gallons per minute (gpm) or a total flow rate of 89 gpm at the shearer. The plan required each shearer drum to have 113 43 sprays. In addition each ranging arm had to have three sprays. two body spray (sawtooth) blocks, with two sprays on the first block and six sprays on the second block, and one rack spray on the tailgate side. River water supplied the shearer methane and dust control water system. PCC pumped this water into two 100,000 gallon holding tanks on the surface, above the Silo Portal. PCC then routed the water through the mine, utilizing a 6 to 8-inch diameter waterline to the mule train of the longwall section. Appendix R shows the location of the waterline supplying the mule train. A 4-inch diameter flexible hose was connected to the 6-inch water line that connected to four Rosedale strainers. PCC boosted the water supply through a Sunflo P3000 pump, located on the mule train. There were two 2-inch diameter flexible hoses extended inby from the pump to the stageloader area, where the lines split to supply water to the shearer, conveyor couplings, motor cooling water, and shield water. PCC supplied the shearer via 1,200 feet of 2-inch diameter flexible hose, connected from a valve bank between the stageloader and headgate box. There were at least four different types of sprays on the shearer, which resulted in three different spray patterns. There were three types on the drums and ranging arms, and at least nine different models of water sprays, representing three different water spray patterns and eight different flow rates in the longwall supply area. Several sprays on the shearer showed signs of excessive wear, and at least three from the tailgate side of the shearer showed signs of being mechanically altered by enlarging the outlet orifice. MSHA investigators set up a test, with PCC’s assistance, to recreate the functioning water system on the longwall shearer at the time of the explosion. Because of damage to the waterlines in the explosion zone and the need for electrical power on the longwall, investigators could not use the original water system for testing purposes. A pressure gauge was utilized at the inlet side of the filter assembly; gauges were placed across each filter assembly to provide an indication of when the filters needed to be changed, and a pressure gauge was placed at the shearer inlet. Two flow meters were used to verify water flow to the shearer. In preparation for the water test at the shearer on December 20, 2010, PCC provided MSHA with the water spray configuration used on the longwall at the time of the explosion. The distribution of nozzle locations indicated that 112 Flow Technologies 791C sprays, with a 3/32” orifice diameter, were being used on the longwall shearer, with 43 each on the headgate and tailgate drums of the shearer, ten on the headgate and tailgate ranging arms, and three on one block, located on both the headgate and tailgate sides. A total of 27 BD-5 sprays were used on the shearer, with ten each on the second body block of both the headgate and tailgate sides, three pan sprays on the headgate and tailgate sides of the shearer, and one rack spray on the tailgate side of shearer. PCC investigators reported that the average operating pressure at the sprays was 125 psi, and that the flow rate for the 791C (3/32”) sprays at this operating pressure was 1.58 gpm, with a 1.76 gpm flow rate for a BD-5 sprays at the given pressure. PCC reported that their average flow was 224.30 gpm. PCC contends that they used sprays that exceeded methane and dust control plan requirements. 114 When MSHA investigators restored water to the shearer to test the water sprays, they found a different configuration than described in the plan or by PCC investigators. MSHA discovered that seven sprays were missing from the tail drum of the longwall shearer. Testing on December 20, 2010 revealed that, when seven sprays were missing, the remaining sprays on the tail drum could not maintain the pressure that was required in the approved ventilation plan. In fact, the water gauge on the tailgate drum read 0 psi throughout the test. The majority of the water on the tailgate drum simply discharged out of the openings on the bottom half of the drum where water sprays had been removed. When six of the seven missing sprays were replaced, operable pressure as required by the approved plan was restored to the tail drum once the pressure coming into the shearer reached approximately 186 psi. On April 5, the removal of seven sprays similarly would have caused the water pressure to be removed from the remaining sprays. The water sprays were most likely missing from the tail drum at the time of the explosion. MSHA determined that it is highly unlikely that the explosion forces were responsible for displacing the sprays because of the design of the sprays (which are attached by staple locks) and because of the magnitude and direction of the forces. Instead, the most likely explanation is that PCC employees had removed the water sprays sometime prior to the ignition at the shearer in order to flush the tail drum. PCC experienced clogging problems with water sprays due to the use of poorly filtered river water. This is evident in PCC records, as shown in Figure 5. Mine personnel removed sprays in an attempt to flush out the drum, as confirmed by company records and in interviews. More detailed information concerning the Methane/Dust Suppression plan, and the water spray configuration in particular, may be found in the section, “Other PCC Plans.” Analysis of Sediment in Filter Baskets and Spray Nozzles The results of sediment analyses, documented in Appendix S, indicate that the longwall shearer’s tailgate drum was being operated with missing water sprays. Measurements of the size and type of sediment found in water line filters and shearer nozzles reveal that rock chips were falling out of the roof into open nozzle ports as the drum was cutting. These rock chips were too large and angular to have come from the river water supply or even passed through filters in the water line. A cement-like paste that clogged the insides of many spray nozzles was composed of clay and coal, generated from pulverizing rock with dull bits. This paste was in place prior to the introduction of ruststained water during testing after the accident. Thus, the tailgate drum was being operated with dull bits while cutting hard sandstone, with missing and clogged water sprays. 115 Other Ignition Sources MSHA also addressed several other potential ignition sources, either ruling them out conclusively or finding that they were much less likely to be sources than frictional ignition from the longwall shearer. Roof Falls (Frictional Ignition) Some explosions have been attributed to roof falls. MSHA could not rule this ignition source out since roof falls inby the longwall face could have occurred immediately before the explosion in either the longwall tailgate or behind the tailgate shields. The 1997 explosion at this mine on the longwall tailgate was attributed to a roof fall. Roof falls can ignite explosive methane-air mixtures by heat and releasing energy. During roof falls, rocks rub against each other and produce heat. Explosive methane-air mixtures have been ignited by rubbing friction between shale-sandstone, sandstonemetal, and shale-metal in Bureau of Mines laboratory tests. However, this frictional heat rarely reaches temperatures that will ignite methane in an underground coal mine. In addition, this mine had sandstone bed(s) in the roof which contain quartz crystals. Crystals in rocks may produce electric charges on parts of their surface when they are compressed in certain directions. The release of this energy during roof falls is called a piezoelectric discharge. The greater the quartz content, crystal size and bond strength, the greater the potential for incendiary sparks which can ignite methane. However, because of the deficiencies found with the tailgate shearer drum it is most likely that the ignition was caused by the shearer cutting sandstone rather than a roof fall behind the shields. Pan Line (Frictional Ignition) Frictional ignitions from pan lines have been documented. However, these have occurred much less frequently than ignitions from shearers. The pan line conveyor represents a much less likely source of ignition than the longwall shearer. MSHA believes that it is much more likely that the poorly maintained longwall shearer cutting sandstone and repeatedly generating hot streaks provided the ignition source. Smoking Articles Smoking articles, which would have provided a potential ignition source, were not discovered in the underground portions of the mine during the investigation. 116 Electrical Ignition Sources MSHA eliminated the following electrical ignition sources (see Appendix T - original report section - for a complete discussion of these eliminated electrical ignition sources): An Executive Summary of all electrical equipment tested at MSHA’s Approval and Certification Center can be found in Appendices U-1 through U-15. Lightning - Vaisala’s National Lightning Detection Network showed no lightning strikes within a ten mile radius of the mine site between 10:09:42 a.m. and 7:07:02 p.m. (See Vaisala Report 258028 in Appendix V). Welding and Cutting - There was no evidence of welding or cutting being performed at the time of the explosion, and no cutting equipment was found in the area of the longwall face. Shearer Electrical Components - The electrical components on the shearer included explosion-proof enclosures (motors, main controller enclosure, shearer power cable connection enclosure, and solenoid valve enclosure), a methane monitoring system with warning light enclosure, various intrinsically safe circuits, components and sensors, and all associated cables. MSHA examined these components and performed tests and found no evidence that any of the components were the ignition source. Shearer Remote Control Transmitter - Shearer functions were controlled by two operators with handheld radio remote transmitters (Appendix U-1), designated by the JNA control system as left- and right-hand stations. The right-hand transmitter was a Matric Limited, Model TX1, Remote Control Transmitter, MSHA Approval No. 9B-220-0, and was found at shield 100. After testing was conducted at the manufacturer’s facility and at A&CC, MSHA found no evidence that the right-hand transmitter could have been the ignition source. The left-hand remote control transmitter was never found, but there was no indication that it was not functioning properly. The last record on the JNA event log prior to the explosion showed that the right-hand transmitter caused the shearer to stop. Automatic Chain Tensioning System - A Joy Automatic Chain Tensioning System (ACTS) was installed at the tailgate area of the face to automatically control the face conveyor chain tension. The ACTS components included: an explosion-proof controller enclosure, a connection enclosure for the intrinsically safe circuits (referred to as a “marshalling box”), and various intrinsically safe transducers, sensors, display beacon, and solenoids. MSHA examined this system and performed tests of these components and found no evidence that any of the components were the ignition source. Tail Conveyor Drive Motor - MSHA examined and performed testing of the motor and found no evidence that it was the ignition source. 117 Electrical Cables along the Longwall Face - Electrical cables along the longwall face were located either in the cable handling system of the panline or hung along the longwall shields. MSHA examined and performed tests of the cables and found no evidence that any of the components were the ignition source. Lighting System Components - MSHA examined these components and performed tests of these components and found no evidence that any of the components were the ignition source. (See Appendix U-2) Electrohydraulic Shield System - The Joy MS40 electrohydraulic system, consisting of a Master Supply Unit (MSU) and a Support Control Centre (SCC) at the headgate, controlled the movement of the shields. This system also included various other components (Appendix U-3). MSHA examined and performed tests of these components and found no evidence that any of the components were the ignition source. Comtrol Communication System - The Comtrol longwall face communication/conveyor lock-out system consisted of Longwall Loudmouth Model LM115 phones positioned at the headgate area and typically, every eighth shield. Investigators noted that some phones were not in their original positions (i.e. mounted on shields). The phone at shield 173, the last in the system, was missing, as was the phone at shield 117. At least four phones were missing on the headgate side of the longwall. Electrical investigators that have traveled the face area did not observe any components or cables that showed signs of being an electrical ignition source. MSHA examined and performed tests of the Comtrol system and found no evidence that any of the components were the ignition source. (See Appendix U-4) Multi-Gas Detector - A MSA Solaris multi-gas detector (Exhibit No. B-15-B), carried by Richard Lane, Longwall Section Foreman, was retrieved from mid-face for examination and testing at A&CC. Testing determined that it was in working order. Downloaded data indicated that the device was energized at the time of the explosion and continued operating for several hours thereafter. MSHA tested the detector and found no evidence that the detector was the ignition source. (See Appendix U-5) Tracking Tags - MSHA tested all of the tracking tags that belonged to victims on the longwall face and found no evidence that any of the tags were the ignition source. (See Appendix U-6) Cap Lamps - Many intact cap lamps and components were retrieved. 33 individual items were subjected to further examination and testing at A&CC (Appendix U-7). MSHA examined and performed tests of these cap lamps and found no evidence that any of the cap lamps were the ignition source. 118 Air-Purifying Helmet Components - UBB’s Methane and Dust Control Plan provided that all members in the face would be offered the use of Air Stream helmets, but required examiners to use respirators on the return side of the longwall shearer for an extended period of time. On April 5, miners on the longwall panel were using these helmets. Seven components from the air purifying helmets including four batteries, a portion of a battery case, and pieces of the helmet and cable were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC (Appendix U-8). MSHA examined and performed tests of these components and found no evidence that any of the components were the ignition source. Watches and Calculators - Several non-permissible electrical items, including six watches and two calculators, were recovered from the longwall face and subjected to examination at A&CC. These items were all disassembled and inspected (Appendix U-9). MSHA examined all of these items and found no evidence that any of the items were the ignition source. Methane Monitor Sensors - Two permissible methane monitor sensors were retrieved from the longwall tailgate area and sent to A&CC for analysis and testing. MSHA examined and performed tests of these components and found no evidence that any of the components were the ignition source. (See Appendix U-10) The Ignition on the Longwall Shearer For a description of the Mine Electrical System at UBB see Appendix W. The information in this section describes the events that took place immediately after the tailgate shearer drum ignited a localized methane mixture when the shearer cut into the tailgate entry. These activities indicate that there was a short period of time between this ignition and when the flames from this ignition encountered a larger body of methane resulting in a methane explosion which ultimately suspended float coal dust in the tailgate entries and transitioned into a massive coal dust explosion. The Longwall Crew Stopped the Shearer and Left the Area At about 3:00 p.m. on April 5, the tail shearer operator shut off the shearer using his remote control, and the longwall crew working near the shearer started moving away from the shearer toward the headgate. A longwall crew member, who was on the headgate side of the longwall, then opened the visible disconnect de-energizing the power to the longwall shearer and shut off the water to the longwall face. About 3:02 p.m., the explosion propagated through the northern part of the mine, killing the 29 miners, including the longwall crew, and injuring two on the TG 22 crew. Investigation interviews with longwall crews from different shifts and underground observations indicate that the longwall crew’s actions at approximately 3:00 p.m. were atypical. The condition of the longwall shearer after the accident, with the shearer turned off by remote, the visible disconnect switch open, and the water shut off at the 119 headgate, demonstrates that the longwall crew was reacting to an event at the shearer. In addition, during this two-minute gap, the ignition made its way back to an accumulation of methane in the tailgate entries inby the longwall face, where it caused a localized methane explosion. The Tail Shearer Operator Remotely Shut Off the Shearer Investigators removed the JNA computer control system from the shearer and took it to Joy Mining Machinery’s facility in Franklin, PA, where the electronically recorded event log was examined. Evaluation of the event log revealed that the shearer was shut off by an e-stop command from the handheld remote control of the tail shearer operator between 2:59:32 and 2:59:38 p.m. (Appendix X-JNA Event Log and Fault Codes). Analysis of additional items removed from the mine indicated that power in the mine was lost at approximately 3:02 p.m. (Appendix Y-DVR Evaluation Report), from damage inflicted upon the high voltage cables by the explosive forces. The shearer’s on-board controls were set to the position that required both operators to be at the machine for it to run. MSHA concluded that both operators were at the shearer when the tail side operator shut off the shearer between 2:59:32 and 2:59:38 p.m. with an e-stop command from the handheld remote control. Four victims, the two shearer operators, the jack setter, and the utility man, were found between shields 103 and 106, approximately 400 feet from the shearer toward the headgate. The Longwall Crew Manually Opened the Visible Disconnect Switch The power cable extending from the longwall starter to the shearer was provided with a manually operated visible disconnect switch installed in an explosion-proof enclosure just outby the headgate controller. After the accident, investigators found the disconnect switch in the open and grounded position. With the switch in the open and grounded position, power was not being provided to the shearer. This disconnect had to be in the closed position for the shearer to operate. The handle that operated the disconnect switch was located on the exterior of the explosion-proof enclosure. A mechanical push-button rod prevented the handle from being operated when the disconnect was closed. In order to rotate the handle and open the disconnect switch, this push-button had to be depressed and held. Depressing the push-button also opened an electrical interlock switch inside the enclosure that caused the 4,160 Vac vacuum contactor in the longwall starter to open thereby de-energizing the shearer cable. When tested during the investigation, the mechanical and electrical components of the disconnect switch functioned properly. The explosion covered the longwall equipment, including the visible disconnect, in a layer of dust. This residue on the push-button and handle of the shearer disconnect switch was undisturbed, indicating that the disconnect had not been operated after the explosion. 120 Given that the visible disconnect was found open, indicating that the shearer was deenergized, and that the visible disconnect had not been disturbed after the explosion, MSHA determined that the forces generated by the explosion did not cause the shearer disconnect switch to open. MSHA also determined that a longwall crew member, who was on the headgate side of the longwall, manually opened the shearer visible disconnect switch during the period of time between the shearer being shut off with the remote control and the coal dust explosion. MSHA eliminated other possibilities before arriving at these determinations. A possible reason given in testimony for opening the visible disconnect switch was to set bits on the shearer. The tail drum of the shearer had just cut out of the coal block into the tailgate entry at shield 176. The tail drum was still against the roof and had not been lowered to cut out the mine floor. The head drum was against the bottom, with the cowl blade positioned on the headgate side of the drum. Neither drum was located such that bits could be set. Therefore, setting bits was ruled out as the reason for the visible disconnect switch to be open. Additionally, repair to a damaged shearer cable was ruled out as the reason for the visible disconnect switch being open as testing proved that the cable was not damaged. The Water Was Shut Off at the Headgate The cooling and dust suppression water for the shearer was controlled at the headgate end of the face. There was no water shutoff valve installed onboard the shearer. Two 2-inch water lines from the pump car at the mule train entered a manifold near the headgate controller. Each line had a ball valve installed on it before it entered the manifold. Both water lines’ valves were found in the closed position. The valves and manifold were covered in a layer of undisturbed, explosion-related dust, indicating the valves were turned off prior to the explosion. In the closed position, these valves are consistent with the shearer and face conveyor being off. Several miners stated during interviews that during normal operations, when the face conveyor shut down, it was standard practice to close these valves to shut off the water. The Longwall Crew Working Near the Shearer Left the Shearer Because of an Abnormal Event The investigators concluded that the most likely reason the four victims evacuated the area of the shearer was because they saw or heard an abnormal event and could not control it. In this case, the abnormal event was most likely the initial methane ignition on the tail drum of the shearer. 121 MSHA eliminated other possibilities before arriving at this conclusion. Testimony indicated that one reason for these employees to leave the shearer was because of shift change. The day shift and evening shift crews normally “hot seated,” meaning that the day shift crew stayed on the face until the evening shift crew arrived on the section. At the time of the explosion, the evening shift longwall crew was boarding a mantrip at the Ellis Portal for travel into the mine. Because it was not time for the day shift crew to leave the face, investigators ruled out shift change as the reason for leaving the shearer. Another reason personnel might have left the shearer was because of a mechanical or electrical breakdown. An analysis of event logs stored electronically on the shearer and at the longwall starter did not indicate any electrical faults in the shearer circuits. Therefore, investigators ruled out an electrical problem. Because no obvious mechanical failures were observed when the shearer was inspected, investigators also ruled out a mechanical breakdown. To address the possibility that personnel could have left the tailgate because of encountering methane, investigators removed the methane monitor components on the longwall shearer, the methane sensor near the tailgate end of the face, and the methane monitor components in the headgate controller for testing at MSHA’s Approval and Certification Center (Appendix U-10). The two methane monitor systems functioned properly. The shearer’s JNA event log listed no methane monitor faults on the shearer for the period covered in the log, from March 30, 2010, to the time of the explosion. An analysis of the stored data on Programmable Logic Controls (PLCs) in the headgate controller (PLC Appendix U-15) and the longwall starter did not indicate that the tailgate methane monitor shut down the longwall prior to the explosion. After the ignition occurred at the shearer, a fire likely followed small accumulations of methane and burned behind the shields. The flame from this fire eventually came into contact with the accumulation of methane in the # 7 entry of TG 1 North inby the longwall. MSHA estimated that the explosive accumulation of methane that was ignited contained approximately 300 cubic feet of methane. Research has shown that the ignition of as little as 13 cubic feet of methane is sufficient to suspend and ignite coal dust. When diluted with air to 10 percent, this 300 cubic feet of methane would form an explosive volume of 3,000 cubic feet. It is feasible that two minutes passed during this burning process. The flame generated by the ignition of this 3,000 cubic feet of methane-air mixture extended approximately 140 feet (15,000 cubic feet) to just outby the stopping in crosscut 48. The Localized Methane Explosion Transitioned into a Coal Dust Explosion, Caused by Dangerous Coal Accumulations and Inadequate Rock Dusting The methane explosion on the tailgate, discussed in the previous section, almost instantaneously gave rise to a massive coal dust explosion which swept through the mine. 122 The initial flame extended in the tailgate from just inby the longwall face, to just outby the stopping in crosscut 48. The flame and force of the localized methane explosion suspended and ignited coal dust prior to the flame from the localized methane explosion being extinguished. If float coal dust had not accumulated and the mine dust had contained sufficient quantities of incombustible content, the localized methane explosion would not have propagated any further. However, float coal dust accumulated and the incombustible content of the mine dust was insufficient and as a result, coal dust was ignited. The incombustible content of the mine dust is discussed in the subsection “Mine Dust Survey” earlier in the report. Once the coal dust was ignited, the flame generated a shock wave that placed additional mine dust into suspension. The mine dust sampling provides evidence of the extent of the flame and indicates where coking was present. Coal dust and float coal dust provided the fuel for the propagation of the explosion. Extensive sampling and analysis by MSHA, substantiated by witness testimony and company documents, revealed that rock dusting was inadequate. Coking in Mine Dust and Visual Observation Led Investigators to Determine the Path of the Flame Flame Travel Flame is produced during an explosion when an ignition source of sufficient temperature or energy ignites a suspended fuel within its explosive range. Immediately after ignition, a fireball typically develops and rapidly begins heating the mine atmosphere. Within seconds, a flame front begins propagating through the suspended fuel. The propagating flame continues to heat the mine atmosphere, resulting in a rapid expansion of the mine atmosphere. The expansion of the mine atmosphere creates a force, known as a shock wave, which continues to travel ahead of the flame. The magnitude of the shock wave is typically determined by the speed of the propagating flame. The faster the flame travels, the higher the pressures from the shock wave become. Flame speeds as high as 5,000 feet per second have been measured in experimental explosions. The flame of an explosion will continue to propagate as long as there is sufficient fuel, heat, and oxygen. In addition, the fuel must remain suspended and the explosion must remain confined. If any of these five conditions is lost, then the flame of the explosion will extinguish. For example, if confinement is lost, the air speed will begin to decelerate. A coal dust explosion will generally die out if the air speed is less than 150 feet per second. Additionally, the explosion flame and shock wave generally result in overpressures which cause the destruction of mine ventilation controls and damage to mining equipment, the suspension of mine dust from the roof, ribs, and floor, and the formation of various products of combustion such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, etc. 123 MSHA determined the extent of flame travel primarily through an evaluation of the samples taken during a post-explosion mine dust survey. MSHA also evaluated additional evidence including observations of the post-explosion condition of various combustible materials, the results of testing additional samples of mine dust, and a review of the autopsy results, (Appendix Z). MSHA divided the underground workings into 22 separate sampling areas, as shown on the mine map in Appendix L. Sampling locations, on 500-foot centers in areas outby crosscut 67 of Old North Mains and 100-foot centers in areas inby crosscut 67, were designated on a mine map for each area. Sampling on 100-foot centers has been shown to offset any dust transport that may have occurred during an explosion. MSHA determined that the force of the explosion in outby areas was minimal and that dust transport was negligible. MSHA identified 2,207 locations for band sampling. A band sample is taken around the entire perimeter of any point location, including the roof, both ribs, and the floor. If an area was too wet or inaccessible due to hazardous conditions, MSHA did not take a sample. Of the 2,207 intended locations, MSHA took samples at 1,803 locations because actual mine conditions at 404 locations were either too wet or otherwise inaccessible for sampling. MSHA did not take samples from any previously wet locations in the event that significant drying occurred prior to the end of the underground investigation. MSHA took band samples at 1,132 of the 1,803 locations, or 62.8 percent of all sampled locations. In areas where an entire band was not possible to collect, MSHA sampled as much of the band as was possible. For example, if the floor was too wet, MSHA still took a sample from the roof and ribs. MSHA marked each sample to indicate what portion of a complete band was taken. Whenever MSHA took a full mine dust band sample, MSHA mixed and separated the sample into quarters, each of which was representative of the mine dust at that location. MSHA placed one quarter in a sealed plastic bag with a tag identifying the sampling location. MSHA offered each of the other three quarters of the sample to representatives from WVOMHST, UMWA, and Massey traveling with MSHA’s Mine Dust Sampling team. MSHA sent all 1,803 samples to MSHA’s Mount Hope National Air and Dust Laboratory (Mount Hope), which determined the incombustible content and degree of coking. The incombustible content provides an indication of the pre-explosion conditions in the affected area of the mine, while the coking indicates the area affected by the flame of the explosion. 124 Mount Hope subjected each of the 1,803 mine dust samples to the Alcohol Coke Test. This test determines the quantity of coke in each sample. Coking of coal occurs as the coal is subjected to heat for a period of time. The temperature required for coking to commence varies with the rank of coal, but is on the order of 700º F. Flame temperatures during an explosion can be nearly 1800º F, however the flame may only be at each location for approximately 45 milliseconds. The amount of coking that occurs is related directly to the exposure temperature and the duration of that temperature. When objects are exposed to flame for a sufficient duration of time, heat is transferred and produces coking. However, even within the area affected by the flame, coking of the coal does not occur at all locations. Research on alcohol coke testing indicates that coke is found whenever coal particles are dispersed into a flame, and therefore the presence of coke is a good indication of flame travel. Coke, as measured by the Alcohol Coke Test, is found after explosions at an incombustible content of up to 80 percent. The Alcohol Coke Test indicates the quantity of coke in each sample as either none, trace, small, large, or extra-large. Large and extra-large quantities of coke are indicative of flame. The results of the Alcohol Coke Test are shown on the mine map in Appendix Z and in Table 7 for the 1,803 mine dust samples collected. The results of the coke analysis on all mine dust samples showed that 85.5 percent of all mine dust samples taken displayed evidence of coking. The results of the coke analysis on only band samples showed that 86.5 percent displayed evidence of coking. 125 Table 7. Amount of Coke in Samples taken During Mine Dust Survey Intake Entries Return Entries Sampling Area None Trace Small Large X-Large None Trace Small Large X-Large 1 15 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 2 11 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 3 15 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 4 8 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 5 76 22 15 3 0 15 4 15 5 0 6 96 48 4 0 0 - - - - - 7 7 43 129 115 3 - - - - - 8 0 0 4 44 8 - - - - - 9 0 1 2 116 5 - - - - - 10 0 0 0 60 53 - - - - - 11 0 0 4 73 2 0 0 4 18 0 12 0 1 20 8 0 0 3 5 0 0 13 0 0 4 61 17 3 8 6 32 20 14 0 0 3 25 43 - - - - - 15 0 1 9 16 0 0 1 2 8 0 16 0 3 17 202 5 0 0 0 2 0 17 0 0 1 68 9 0 0 0 55 52 18 - - - - - - - - - - 19 - - - - - 0 0 1 34 0 20 - - - - - - - - - - 21 - - - - - - - - - - 22 - - - - - - - - - - Total: 228 119 212 791 145 33 16 33 154 72 126 In addition, MSHA sent 29 mine dust samples to the NIOSH facility in Morgantown, West Virginia for the samples to be placed under a Scanning Electron Microscope to identify presence or lack of coke in each sample. MSHA chose these 29 samples because of their underground locations near the perimeter of the flame zone and because the Alcohol Coke Test indicated large or extra-large quantities of coke in each of the selected samples. The results of the examination proved definitively that coke was present in each of the 29 samples. MSHA determined that the coal dust explosion began approximately at the intersection of crosscut 48 and entry No. 6 in Tailgate 1 North. Explosion forces were generated by the flame in all directions, including back across the longwall face. Evidence indicates that approximately 14 psi traveled back to the longwall tailgate from the coal dust explosion. Explosion damage indicates that the coal dust explosion initially propagated inby in entries 5 and 6 and outby in entries 5, 6, and 7. Eventually, all entries and crosscuts in Tailgate 1 North from as far inby as crosscut 77 exhibited evidence of flame. The flame traveled inby at about 1,000 feet per second (fps) while generating a pressure exceeding 18 psi. While underground, investigators were unable to take mine dust samples any farther inby in the Tailgate 1 North entries and, consequently, could not determine the extent of flame in those inby entries. However MSHA’s Mine Emergency Operations Group lowered a camera into the mine at two inby locations, through borehole BH A, located in the No. 1 entry at 94 crosscut of Headgate 1 North, and also down the Bandytown fan shaft. Observations made with the camera indicated that the flame of the explosion most likely did not propagate to either of these locations. Flame propagated outby from crosscut 48 and involved all entries and crosscuts of Tailgate 1 North, outby to the Old North Mains. The flame also propagated to crosscut 67 in Old North Mains in entries 1, 2, and 3. The explosion flame traveled outby at the same time as it was traveling inby in the tailgate entries. Flame initially traveled outby in the tailgate entries at about 600 fps, generating a pressure of nearly 6 psi. Several hundred feet before reaching the crossover entries, additional coal dust became involved and flame speeds accelerated to over 1,000 fps in all tailgate entries. As the flame continued outby in the tailgate entries, eventually it propagated to the locations where the tailgate intersects the North Glory Mains. The flame speed dropped dramatically at this intersection due to the additional entries and the increased incombustibles in the mine dust. The flame extinguished in this direction about 11 crosscuts outby the tailgate entries. As the flame propagated outby in the Tailgate 1 North entries, it turned 90º to the left and entered the crossover between Tailgate 1 North and Headgate 1 North. All entries and crosscuts of the crossover were engulfed in flame, including the entries and crosscuts that turn 90º and head towards and into the North Glory Mains entries. Flame propagation did not occur along the length of the North Glory Mains but small pockets of flame extinguished as they projected a short distance into the North Glory Mains. From the crossover entries, the explosion flame propagated into Headgate 1 North and turned both inby and outby. The outby portion propagated towards and into the North 127 Glory Mains. The inby portion propagated inby as far as crosscut 32. MSHA was unable to take mine dust samples any further inby in the Headgate 1 North entries and, consequently, could not determine the extent of flame in those inby entries. As flame entered Headgate 1 North, the destructive pressures propagated inby with a flame speed of about 1,200 fps, generating over 20 psi, as indicated by damage to several monorail sections. Although flame did not enter the longwall face, pressures ranging from 7 to 14 psi did travel along the longwall from the headgate. The flame of the coal dust explosion also traveled toward the face of the TG 22. As the coal dust explosion propagated into TG 22, explosion pressures increased to near 20 psi. Just before entering TG 22, the flame also turned 90º right and entered the crossover entries between TG 22 and HG 22. Initially, the flame resulted in large and extra-large deposits of coke. However, as the flame continued through the crossover entries, coke was not produced. MSHA believes that the flame increased in speed as it continued through these crossover entries. Increased flame speeds decreased the duration of the flame at these locations and coke formation was not possible. This increase in speed could likely be attributed to the increased fineness of the coal dust and the lack of sufficient rock dust through these entries. The flame slowed as it turned into crosscuts. Mine dust samples taken in the crosscuts of the crossover entries included large and extra-large quantities of coke, indicating flame travel. The flame entered HG 22 at the mouth of the section and turned 90º left and right. The portion of the flame that turned left traveled into HG 22 and propagated to the faces. The flame propagated into HG 22 at speeds approaching 1,500 fps generating a pressure of approximately 25 psi. Additional coal dust caused increases in the flame speed and pressure. Calculations have shown that explosion pressures were on the order of 52 to 65 psi. Pressure piling occurred as the flame and forces continued to push against the dead end of HG 22. This resulted in a reflected overpressure traveling outby that could have reached a maximum pressure of 105 psi. The flame consumed available oxygen in HG 22 and, after reaching the faces, was unable to propagate outby as it extinguished from the lack of oxygen. The flame that turned right traveled outby to near crosscut 115 in the North Glory Mains, into all entries and crosscuts of the Glory Hole Mains, and turned again and propagated into all entries and crosscuts of the North Jarrells Mains, and all entries and crosscuts in West Jarrells Mains. Pressures throughout these areas averaged about 20 psi with flame speeds of over 1,000 fps. The flame of the explosion extinguishged at the dead ends of West Jarrells mains due to lack of sufficient oxygen for continued propagation. A mine map showing the direction of the primary explosion forces is contained in Appendix L. 128 Accumulations of Coal Dust and Float Coal Dust As noted in the examinations section, MSHA identified extensive and obvious accumulations of coal dust and float coal dust throughout its underground investigation. The coal dust and float coal dust provided the initial fuel for the coal dust explosion. Coal dust and float coal dust along the flame path continued to fuel the explosion. MSHA sent several teams underground to travel each air course in order to take representative measurements of the accumulations. MSHA’s measurements were consistent with their initial determination that the accumulations were extensive and obvious. The accumulations were found consistently along travelways, belt conveyors, intake air courses and return air courses inby crosscut 54. Many of these accumulations were left from the initial mining process. Section roadway spillage, feeder piles, and coal along the ribs was not cleaned up as normal mining continued. In addition, their location and placement indicated that they had pre-dated the explosion, i.e., that the accumulations were not the result of explosion forces. Testimony corroborated the presence of many of these accumulations pre-explosion, especially in the belt entries. Proximate Analysis and Explosibility of the Coal The coal at UBB was explosive. In order to verify the explosibility of the coal, MSHA removed separate channel samples from near the headgate and the tailgate of the active longwall. MSHA sent the samples to Standard Laboratories, Inc. in Freeburg, Illinois, which subjected the samples to a Proximate Analysis. The Proximate Analysis determines the moisture, ash, volatile content, and fixed carbon of each sample. The volatile content can be used to identify the rank of the coal. The volatile content and the fixed carbon can be used to calculate the volatile ratio of the coal. The moisture and ash can be used to determine the amount of rock dust necessary to reach incombustible contents of 65 percent and 80 percent. In addition, the British thermal units (Btu) and sulfur contents of each sample were determined. The results of Proximate Analysis testing on the as-received sample from the headgate revealed the following: moisture = 1.77%, ash = 7.98%, volatile content = 32.77%, and fixed carbon = 57.48%. The headgate sample had a Btu content of 13,890 and a sulfur content of 0.83%. The results of Proximate Analysis testing on the as-received sample from the tailgate revealed the following: moisture = 2.23%, ash = 6.82%, volatile content = 32.81%, and fixed carbon = 58.13%. The tailgate sample had a Btu content of 14,010 and a sulfur content of 0.88%. The results of the Proximate Analysis identify this coal as a high volatile bituminous coal which is highly explosive. The results of testing are contained in Appendix AA. The volatile ratio of the coal is a value independent of any inherent or added incombustible. The volatile ratio is calculated by dividing the volatile content of the coal by the summation of the volatile content and the fixed carbon. Any coal with a volatile ratio of 0.12 or less is defined as an anthracite coal and is not explosive. It has been 129 established that all U. S. coals having a volatile ratio in excess of 0.12 are considered to present an explosion hazard. Bituminous coal is defined as any coal with a volatile ratio greater than 0.12. Bituminous coal is subject to all the requirements of the § 75.400, including the incombustibility requirements contained in § 75.403. The volatile ratio of the headgate sample was calculated to be 0.36 and the volatile ratio of the tailgate sample was calculated to be 0.36. Rock Dusting The use of rock dust to limit explosions in underground coal mines was pioneered by the U.S. Bureau of Mines in the 1920’s. Rock dust in coal mines is defined in 30 CFR Subpart A, § 75.2 as follows: Pulverized limestone, dolomite, gypsum, anhydrite, shale, adobe, or other inert material, preferably light colored, 100 percent of which will pass through a sieve having 20 meshes per linear inch and 70 percent or more of which will pass through a sieve having 200 meshes per linear inch; the particles of which when wetted and dried will not cohere to form a cake, which will not be dispersed into separate particles by a light blast of air; and which does not contain more than 5 percent combustible matter or more than a total of 4 percent free and combined silica (SiO2), or, where the Secretary finds that such silica concentrations are not available, which does not contain more than 5 percent of free and combined silica. This definition has been in place for decades and was the requirement for rock dust composition on April 5, 2010. The initial research supporting the rock dust particle size effects on coal dust explosion propagation was performed in 1933 and reported in Bureau of Mines Bulletin 369. Rock dust, an inert material, is intended to prevent explosions. The mechanism by which this is accomplished is that, when dispersed in sufficient quantities, inert material will quench explosion flame, partly through absorption of heat and radiant energy, and partly by hindering diffusion of oxygen and gases into and from the burning coal particles. The effectiveness of an inert dust in inhibiting ignition or explosion of a combustible dust increases with decrease in particle size of the inert dust. As a result, a lesser percentage of fine inert dust is required than for coarse inert dust. Small-scale laboratory tests, conducted by NIOSH, showed that the larger the rock dust particle size, the more rock dust is required to inert and prevent a coal dust explosion from propagating. It has been shown in various small chamber tests that by reducing the size of the rock dust particles, the surface area of the rock dust increases and promotes greater radiant heat absorption, thereby improving the prevention of underground coal dust explosions. At UBB, four methods were used to apply rock dust: hand dusting, a scoop-mounted slinger duster, a rail-mounted duster, and trickle dusters. 130 Hand dusting from 40-pound bags was used for the initial application of rock dust during advance on continuous miner sections, and was also used for some supplemental applications. Scoop-mounted slinger dusters, using bulk bags and 40-pound bags, were used for supplemental dust applications. A rail-mounted duster was used inconsistently to dust the track and belt entries in the outby areas of the mine. The dual pod, rail-mounted duster had a capacity of approximately 1.6 tons of bulk rock dust. Trickle dusters, which had capacities of 200-280 pounds of rock dust, were used at some belt transfer points. Bulk rock dust was stored in two bins near the UBB Portals. Miners stated that areas were not well dusted, areas were dark, and the only areas that were regularly dusted were track and belt entries. An examiner stated that the crossover between HG 22 and TG 22 was never dusted. The scoop-mounted slinger duster on HG 22 was found 18 crosscuts outby the face in the return entry. Other miners described the color underground as gray to black. In addition, several witnesses said that the tailgate of the longwall needed rock dusting. There is no evidence or testimony from the interviews to indicate that any additional rock dust was applied in the longwall tailgate after the longwall started retreating. Few had been trained on what adequate rock dust quantities should be. Finally, PCC never sampled its’ mine to determine compliance with the rock dust regulations. At UBB, a rail-mounted duster was used to dust the track and belt entries. Hoses were used to convey the rock dust to the belt entries. Because the longwall and development sections were approximately 5 miles from the bulk rock dust bins at the UBB Portals, the time to get a load of rock dust and transport it into the active mining areas limited the bulk duster to approximately one trip per night. Simply moving one of the bulk rock dust bins to the Ellis Portal would have decreased the time to reload the rail-mounted duster. Installing a rock dust borehole near the active production sections switch would have further reduced the reload time for the rail-mounted duster. A single rock dust crew, consisting of a motor operator and a helper, was responsible for bulk dusting the track and belts of the entire mine. The crew of the rail-mounted duster would often perform other outby work, including setting timbers, building stoppings, or supplying a section. The rock dust equipment frequently failed. The rail-mounted duster was over 20 years old, hoses frequently clogged and multiple breakdowns took days or weeks to complete. The hoot owl crew was often without the duster altogether or spent hours trying to unclog hoses to keep dusting during their shift. The crew also had limited time to dust assigned areas of the mine, often only completing about 10 breaks of area, about 1000 feet, in a mine covering more than 7 miles. The crew and the rail-mounted duster had to be off the track and outside before the day shift production crew arrived. The complications with equipment maintenance, the distance to travel to load and unload the duster, and the time limits on use of the track often left only three hours for the dust crew to apply dust. A notebook kept by the crew (Appendix AB) summed up problems with an entry two weeks prior to the explosion: “No ride. No help. No spotter… I’m set up to fail here.” 131 A UBB miner testified: We never rock dusted. I mean, very seldom…I growed up in a Massey affiliated mine and I thought it was like that everywhere. I mean, until you can see a difference, you don't have something to compare it to… Despite the evidence that some miners were unaware of what a properly rock-dusted mine looked like, other miners were aware and were concerned about the lack of rock dust. Included in the latter group were examiners who repeatedly reported the lack of dust on reports up to the time of the explosion. The belt examination that was phoned out of UBB immediately prior to the explosion showed that eight of ten conveyor belts that were examined required rock dusting (Appendix AC). Belt examination reports for March 15, 2010 through the time of the explosion show that belts requiring rock dusting were listed 443 times but rock dust was shown as being applied only 58 times (Appendix AD). The belt examiners’ report for March, 2010 showed consistent, hazardous conditions concerning belts that required additional rock dusting. Some belts showed as high as 90 consecutive shifts when the examiner reported additional dust was needed. From December 28, 2009 to April 5, 2010, 291 belt exams were recorded for the longwall belt. On ten occasions, the record indicated “Idle belts,” leaving 281 examination records. Of these recorded examinations, 96 percent (270) had a hazard recorded. Of the 281 recorded examinations, 86 percent (244) indicated that the belt entry needed at least spot dusting. Rock dust purchase orders, provided by PCC as Bates Stamped documents PCCMSHA 00060740 to 00060846 and PCC-MSHA 00068810 to 00069433, show that between October 26, 2009 and March 8, 2010, no bulk dust was purchased at this mine, even though production increased at this time. In September, 2009 and October, 2009, 648 tons of rock dust was purchased. During the following four months, a total of only 520 tons was purchased. In March, 2010, there was a slight increase in the amount of dust purchased. In the course of its investigation of the accident, MSHA sampled rock dust from three separate bags of rock dust located at UBB. The tests determined that this rock dust was not compliant with 30 CFR 50.2, which requires that 70 percent of the rock dust particles must pass through a 200-mesh sieve. A few of these rock dust samples fell significantly short of the 70 percent requirement. MSHA is investigating whether the manner of storing the rock dust affects its quality. MSHA subsequently tested other samples obtained directly from the manufacturer of the rock dust, the Limestone Dust Corporation of Bluefield, Virginia. Some of these samples were compliant with 30 CFR 50.2; others were marginally below the 70 percent requirement for a 200-mesh sieve, although not to the degree noted in the rock dust sampled from UBB. 132 It is MSHA’s conclusion that the non-compliant nature of the rock dust did not contribute to the explosion at UBB. Based on MSHA’s investigation, MSHA determined that there was almost no rock dust in the tailgate entry of the longwall. Had there been rockdust present in sufficient quantities in this area, MSHA believes that the methane explosion would not have propagated into the resulting coal dust explosion. OTHER PCC PLANS Mine operators, including PCC, are required to develop and follow various plans in accordance with the MINER Act and applicable standards to ensure the safety and health of the miners. Those include ventilation, roof control, and emergency response – which covers communications and tracking. Additionally, PCC met the criteria to require compliance with atmospheric monitoring system standards. Plans must address the conditions and mining methods at a specific mine to protect the health and safety of the miners. Ventilation Plan The Approved Plan in Effect April 5, 2010 In addition to the information provided above, the approved ventilation plan included four general statements; three of which address maintenance and examination of the bleeder system:    The roof in the bleeder entries and at the bleeder evaluation points shall be supported in accordance with the approved roof control plan. Accumulations of water will be controlled primarily by natural drainage supplemented by pumping to prevent accumulations of water from affecting the bleeder ventilation system. The effectiveness of the bleeder system shall be determined by the methane and oxygen content, the direction of airflow, and quantity at the bleeder evaluation points located as shown typically on the drawings or as previously approved on the mine ventilation map submitted under 30 CFR § 75.372. The fourth statement addresses the installation of mechanized mining equipment:  During installation and removal of mechanized equipment, 9,000 cfm will be maintained at the last open crosscut of the section being set up or abandoned and at the intake end of a pillar line. Ventilation controls will consist of permanent stoppings, check curtains and brattice material, as necessary, to maintain the required ventilating current. The system of installing controls will be similar to those on face sketches. 133 These statements show PCC’s knowledge and recognition of unique conditions and issues to be addressed at UBB. Five regulatory compliance statements are contained in the ventilation plan:      § 75.371(g),(m) – Volume of air required in last open crosscut – Permanent stoppings will be maintained up to, but not including, the third connecting crosscut outby the working face. In order to insure that adequate ventilation is maintained, a minimum of 13,500 cfm in the last open crosscut will be provided when the last open crosscut is three crosscuts inby the permanent stopping. A minimum of 9,000 cfm will be maintained with one or two open crosscuts. § 75.371(x) – A description of the bleeder system to be used, including its design (see § 75.334) – Blowing ventilation with outcrop punch-outs or ventilation holes and cut-throughs into mains on the back end of panels or rooms is proposed for the bleeder system evaluation for this mine. Typical bleeder designs are attached [in the plan]. Existing bleeder systems are shown on the § 75.372 mine ventilation map. § 75.371(z) – Weekly examinations – Non-Pillared, Worked Out Areas – In addition to the requirements of § 75.364(a)(1), measurements of methane, oxygen, air quantity, and air direction will be made in the last open crosscut or in the immediate return outby the last permanent stopping in each panel or mains. § 75.371(hh) – Ambient Level of Carbon Monoxide – The ambient level of carbon monoxide in all areas where carbon monoxide sensors are installed is 0 ppm. This ambient level is determined using a handheld, calibrated CO detector. Current settings are 5 ppm and 10 ppm, respectively, for alert and alarm levels. CO monitors will be spaced at maximum 2,000 foot spacing. § 75.371(uu), (vv), and (ww) – Diesel Equipment – At this time, there is no diesel equipment in service at this mine. The plan further stipulates how belt air will be monitored as it is fed through a regulator: 1. Belt Air – Where intake air is regulated into the belt, it will have a CO monitor upwind on the intake side and another one will be installed both inby and outby in the belt air course. The regulator feeding the air from the intake into the belt air course will have the capability of being adjusted remotely from outby the regulator in the intake and also outby in the belt air course. This is considered point feed. At this time, there is no point feed in the mine. A revision will be submitted and approved before adding a point feed. 134 Recent Revisions to the Approved Ventilation Plan and Map From September 11, 2009 until April 5, 2010, UBB submitted 38 revisions (referred to by UBB as addendums) to the ventilation plan, of which 18 were approved and two seal completions were acknowledged. There were 13 revisions to the ventilation plan and map that were disapproved, five revisions to the plan and map pending approval and one which was withdrawn. The December 23, 2009 revision described how belt air would be used on the longwall, with the operator stating that within 30 days, a long term plan would be submitted to show how belt air would be coursed outby, away from the longwall while more intake air courses would be opened up. This was submitted after the company was unable to implement the December 18, 2009 approval, referring to a company submission showing the belt air coursing outby, away from the longwall. Prior to the installation of the Bandytown fan, the Headgate 1 North and Tailgate 1 North development sections were ventilated with the North fan. The ventilation of these sections was reported to be poor, and likely represented the extent of the effectiveness of the North fan. The ventilation history of this area is presented below, based on a review of the approved ventilation changes and other applicable records, beginning with the inception of the longwall section. The longwall dust control plan, approved on June 15, 2009, required “40,000 cfm volume of air intake to longwall,” with minimum face velocities of 400 fpm at shield 9 and 250 fpm at shield 160. The dust control plan required 15,000 cfm for the MMU-029 (HG 22) and MMU-040 (TG 22) sections in the last open crosscut.  Addendum B4-A56, approved August 6, 2009. This was a three-phase plan. Phase 1 concerned the activation of Bandytown fan and development of the north longwall district. The plan proposed a quantity of 300,000 cfm for Bandytown fan. Phase 2 plan concerned the start-up of the 1 North Longwall Panel. The longwall tailgate outby the face was ventilated with belt/track air. This phase also established the measurement points (MP) and evaluation check points (EP) for the longwall. The Panel 2 crossover unit was proposed to be ventilated by a return, directed to the Bandytown shaft and separated from the worked-out longwall area along Headgate 1 North. This unit became HG 22 at a later date. The Panel 1 crossover was ventilated by return air, isolated from the worked-out longwall area, along Tailgate 1 North to Bandytown fan. This return later became the main return for the development sections. The approved plan showed the longwall using belt air. The map included as part of Phase 2 included a 30,000 cfm minimum air quantity for the longwall. This would have superseded the minimum quantity in the dust control plan. Phase 3 depicted projections for developing 2 North (HG 22) and 3 North. The plan also included four typical face ventilation sketches, showing the ventilation of the longwall face and the MP and EP locations. 135 During an inspection conducted while the plan was being implemented, multiple ventilation citations were issued. Phase 1 had been completed with the activation of the Bandytown fan. On September 1, 2009, as the longwall ventilation system was being adjusted to meet the approved Phase 2 plan requirements, MSHA inspectors found airflow across the longwall face to be traveling in the wrong direction (tailgate to headgate). MSHA identified that other ventilation controls needed to be constructed and controls had been constructed that were not approved by the Phase 2 plan. While these ventilation revisions were in progress, miners not necessary to make these changes were in the mine producing coal on other continuous mining sections and performing other nonrelated work. Miners were withdrawn from the mine and the appropriate violations were issued.  B4-A61, approved September 4, 2009. Doors were installed in Tailgate 1 North between crosscuts 9 and 11. This was designed to regulate intake airflow entering Tailgate 1 North entries from the belt/track air course in the Old North Mains.  B4-A62, approved September 4, 2009. Intake regulators were installed at the overcasts over Ellis Mains near Ellis switch. These regulators were designed to cause air to travel inby in the intake and belt/track entries at Ellis Portal.  B4-A65, approved September 18, 2009. Regulators were installed in Tailgate 1 North between crosscuts 33 and 34 in No’s. 4 and 5 entry. This was designed to regulate intake airflow entering Tailgate 1 North entries from the belt/track air course in the Old North Mains.  B6-A6, approved November 13, 2009. The plan depicted the beginning of HG 22 (Headgate 2 North). Mine record books indicated the HG 22 section started on or about November 30, 2009.  B6-A13, approved December 18, 2009. Ground control failure damaged the stoppings in Headgate 1 North separating the return from the worked-out area. This plan depicted the HG 22 return air course, directed outby in the North Glory Mains and through Panel 1 crossover to Tailgate 1 North. At that time, the conveyor belt from the Panel 2 crossover was dumping on the longwall conveyor belt. The longwall intake expanded to two entries inby the Panel 2 crossover conveyor belt. Inby the longwall face, the No. 3 entry became common with the air that ventilated the worked-out area of the longwall. The plan established the location of air pumps and stated that water was not roofed to impede ventilation or travel. The plan also depicted a regulator to course intake belt air into the Panel 1 crossover return. This was intended to reverse the belt air direction away from the 136 longwall face. A continuous mining section (MMU 040-0) was depicted mining rooms off the Panel 1 crossover.  B6-A7, approved December 23, 2009. This plan was approved following a failed attempt to implement the B6-A13 plan, approved December 18, 2009, to reverse the direction of the air in the longwall belt entry. This plan depicted the longwall belt air splitting near crosscut 25, with air travelling to the longwall face and outby.  B6-A14, approved January 5, 2010. This plan depicted the mining of pillars to install a belt drive to enable the HG 22 belt to transfer coal onto the 7 North conveyor belt.  B6-A16, approved January 20, 2010. This plan depicted the reversal of the HG 22 intake to bring intake air around North Jarrells and West Jarrells Mains to HG 22 and direct the air to Headgate 1 North.  B6-A15, approved January 22, 2010. This plan depicted new projections shown for the development of TG 22. The route of the HG 22 return changed to the Panel 2 crossover. The HG 22 intake route was changed to North Glory Mains. At this point, the intake air course split and went to HG 22 and TG 22, returned from HG 22 and TG 22, then joined and split again, with return air going inby at Headgate 1 North and outby in Headgate 1 North to the Panel 1 crossover, and out the isolated return to Bandytown fan. The TG 22 conveyor belt is depicted dumping coal on the Panel 2 crossover conveyor belt, which then dumped onto the HG 22 conveyor belt. Mining on TG 22 began about March 2, 2010.  B6-A25, approved March 11, 2010. This revision was submitted in response to a closure order, issued on March 9, 2010 for not following the plan approved for the longwall. The longwall tailgate air was travelling in the wrong direction. The plan depicted ventilation controls to ensure previously approved airflow direction.  B6-A26, approved March 22, 2010. This revision depicted a revised, typical longwall face sketch to be utilized after the longwall had passed the Panel 2 crossover. The face sketch showed the longwall belt air direction going outby and noted that the stoppings separating the travelable return from the longwall gob air would be kept intact. Disapproved Revisions to the Ventilation Plan and Map There were 13 revisions to the ventilation plan and map that were disapproved, five revisions to the plan and map pending approval and one which was withdrawn. On November 20, 2009, MSHA disapproved a revision to the plan that proposed to dump 137 belt air from the longwall into the return after the Panel 1 crossover was cut through and completed. It also proposed to dump intake air into the longwall belt air course at crosscut 13. MSHA disapproved this proposal because the company was proposing a point-feed at crosscut 13, without addressing the requirements of 30 CFR §§ 75.350(c) and (d). On December 4, 2009 a proposed revision to the map was disapproved. This revision would have modified ventilation controls, so pillars could be mined to install a new longwall belt was disapproved because of deficiencies on the submitted map, and due to the potential for return air to contaminate the belt air course. On the same day, MSHA disapproved another revision to the map. This revision proposed to reroute the return off the HG 22 section, down the left side of North Glory Mains, crossing overcasts on Headgate 1 North and up the Tailgate 1 North isolated return (not a part of the longwall ventilation air courses); change the No. 3 entry of the Headgate 1 North to a return air course common with the worked out area inby the location of the longwall; convert the No. 3 entry of Headgate 1 North to an additional intake air course common with the existing primary escapeway outby the longwall face; and revised face sketches for both longwall gate road development and the longwall face. MSHA disapproved this proposal because of deficiencies on the map, including ventilation controls that conflict with plan revisions approved previously (September 4, 2009, October 29, 2009, and November 13, 2009), roof falls that impeded travel and eliminated the potential for compliance with 30 CFR § 75.384 for the second longwall panel were not shown, nor addressed; water accumulations within the active areas and within adjacent areas were not shown; a means for compliance with § 75.334(c) was not provided, actual air readings were not provided (production had been ongoing since September 2009); belt air from the development section was shown to be ventilating the longwall face; and belt air from the No. 1 entry of the Headgate 1 North did not meet the requirements of the newly promulgated regulation (December 2008). In addition the submittal did not clarify how the return stopping line shown on the longwall face sketch was to be traveled or maintained. The submittal lacked adequate details addressing whether the air courses were to become common or if the return stopping line was to be reconstructed. The submittal also did not indicate whether the measuring points (MP) shown on the face sketch must be checked for proper air direction. The gate road development face sketch (3-entry) contained a statement, “number of entries may vary provided the ventilation scheme does not change,” which was inappropriate for the projections and system shown on the attached maps in the disapproval letter. On December 9, 2009, MSHA disapproved a revision to the map that proposed to route the travelable return air course from the active HG 22 section into a common entry with the section mining rooms off of the Panel No. 1 crossover (MMU 040-0); make the No. 3 headgate entry a common intake air course with the existing primary escapeway; provide dewatering information; and project a future gateroad. MSHA disapproved this proposal because, among other deficiencies, it did not indicate that an isolated, tailgate 138 entry would be available or re-established for the second longwall panel, and statements with the ventilation scheme provided did not comply with the existing base plan, and ignored the requirements of 30 CFR §§§ 75.334, 75.384, and 75.364. The December 9, 2009 disapproval letter also addressed the company’s request that the August 6, 2009 approval be honored with respect to ventilation with belt air. The disapproval letter reminded the company that a request was made to the company by D4, for a ventilation revision subsequent to new belt air regulations on August 6, 2009, and the current longwall plan was approved to allow additional time to develop and submit a plan. As of the December 9, 2009 disapproval letter, this request was not answered. The disapproval letter further reminded the company that an additional request was sent on November 20, 2009, which also had not been addressed, and subsequently, another written notice was provided on December 4, 2009, which also resulted in no additional information provided to justify the continued use of belt air. In all the company was provided with a verbal request on August 6, 2009, and written requests on November 20, 2009 and December 4, 2009, in addition to the request made in the December 9, 2009 disapproval. In each case the company failed to submit justification for use of belt air on the longwall face. Methane/Dust Control Section of the Ventilation Plan The ventilation plan contained a general dust control section for the mine that addressed the use of water to control dust along conveyor belts, transfer points and haulageways. It also addressed the use of ventilation to course dust to the return, and stated that 3M brand dust and mist respirators would be available upon request. The approved ventilation plan for each MMU within the mine had an approved methane and dust control plan that was site-specific. The ventilation plan also addressed the belt lines and specifically identified the Designated Areas (DAs), their sampling status, and the methods of dust control to be used at each location. The Designated Area (DA) methane and dust control plan, part of the approved ventilation plan for the belt lines was approved January 22, 2010, and contained details regarding the use of water to control respirable dust and methane along the belt lines at each DA specified in the approved plan. The plan specified the location and sampling status at each DA and how respirable dust would be controlled. Provisions of the approved ventilation plan for the control of methane and dust on the longwall are discussed below. Additional information on mechanized mining units utilized in continuous miner sections MMU 0400, MMU 029-0, and MMU 062-0 is contained in Appendix AE. 139 MMU 050-0 (Longwall Shearer) Plan Requirements The approved methane and dust control plan had the following ventilation requirements: Volume of Air at Intake to Longwall 40,000 cfm Required Velocity at Shield #9 400 LFM Required Velocity at Shield #160 250 LFM An addendum on a map later reduced the minimum volume of air in the intake to the longwall to 30,000 cfm. The approved methane and dust control plan had the following water spray requirements at the shearer: Minimum Operating Pressure at the Spray Block 90 psi Conflow Staplelock 650 2801CC or equivalent Type of Water Spray Total Number of Sprays on the Shearer Sprays at Headgate Drum Sprays at Headgate Ranging Arm Sprays at 1st Headgate Body Block Sprays at 2nd Headgate Body Block Sprays at Tailgate Drum Sprays at Tailgate Ranging Arm Sprays at 1st Tailgate Body Block Sprays at 2nd Tailgate Body Block Sprays at Tailgate Rack Spray 109 43 3 2 6 43 3 2 6 1 140 The approved methane and dust control plan had the following water spray requirements at the stage loader and crusher: Minimum Operating Pressure at the Spray Block 60 psi Type of Water Spray Unspecified Total Number of Sprays on the Stageloader / Crusher 14 Sprays at Headgate Motor 3 Sprays at Crusher Intake 3 Sprays at Crusher Exit 3 Sprays at Crusher 3 Sprays at Stageloader Exit 2 The approved plan contained a schematic that showed the typical longwall face ventilation, and contained the following safety precautions and can be found in Appendix AF. 141 Water Spray Configuration in Use as Reported by Massey Energy On 12-3-2010 investigators from Massey Energy reported that the following configuration was in use on the longwall: Type of Water Spray Operating Pressure at the Spray Block 125 psi Total Number of Sprays on the Shearer 139 Sprays at Headgate Drum Sprays at Headgate Ranging Arm Sprays at 1st Headgate Body Block Sprays at 2nd Headgate Body Block Headgate Pan Sprays Sprays at Tailgate Drum Sprays at Tailgate Ranging Arm Sprays at 1st Tailgate Body Block Sprays at 2nd Tailgate Body Block Sprays at Tailgate Rack Spray Tailgate Pan Sprays 43 Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Full Cone 10 Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Full Cone 3 Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Full Cone 10 BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray 3 BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray 43 Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Full Cone 10 Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Full Cone 3 Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Full Cone 10 BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray 1 BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray 3 BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray This information was collected in preparation for the water test at the shearer on December 20, 2010. 142 Water Test – Compliance with the Ventilation Plan Tables 8 and 9 show the results of the water spray test that was conducted on December 20, 2010. Table 8 shows the number, type and conditions of the sprays on the longwall shearer, while Table 9 shows the water pressures that were measured at certain spray locations. 143 Table 8. Number, Type and Conditions of the Sprays found on the UBB Longwall Shearer Type of Water Spray Total Number of Sprays on the Shearer Condition of Sprays 157 Sprays at Headgate Drum 45 Sprays at Headgate Ranging Arm 10 Sprays at 1st Headgate Body Block 3 Sprays at 2nd Headgate Body Block 10 Headgate Pan Sprays 4 Headgate Rack Sprays 3 Various Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Various Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Various Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray Various Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Various Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice Various Flow Technologies 791C Staplelock Spray 3/32" orifice BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray Sprays at Tailgate Drum 45 Sprays at Tailgate Ranging Arm 10 Sprays at 1st Tailgate Body Block 3 Sprays at 2nd Tailgate Body Block 10 Sprays at Tailgate Rack Spray 6 BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray Tailgate Pan Sprays 8 BD-5 Brass Hollow Cone Spray 144 9 clogged 6 clogged 1 missing inlet insert 8 clogged 2 clogged 15 clogged 9 missing inlet inserts 7 missing (open port on shearer) 7 clogged 4 missing inlet insert 1 hollow cone insert Block is missing open 1/2" hose discharging 4 clogged 6 clogged Table 9. Water Pressures Measured on the UBB Longwall Shearer Water Test Data from 12-20-2010 PSI coming into shearer 50 100 150 200 250 Pressure Gauge at Spray Position #6 on Tailgate Drum PSI on Tailgate Drum 0 0 0 0 0 PSI coming into shearer 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Pressure Gauge at Spray Position #14 on Tailgate Drum PSI on Tailgate Drum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PSI coming into shearer 100 200 300 400 450 Pressure Gauge at Spray Position #14 on Tailgate Drum Six of the Seven Missing Sprays replaced on Tailgate Drum PSI on Tailgate Drum 58 95 100 100 120 PSI coming into shearer 100 200 300 400 450 Pressure Gauge at Spray Position #14 on Tailgate Drum Six Sprays for Previous Test are Removed Seven Clogged Sprays are Replaced PSI on Tailgate Drum 0 0 0 0 0 145 Difference in Water Nozzles Used by the Operator on the Shearer The BD-5 sprays as well as the hollow cone and jet Staplelock sprays were not approved for use on the shearer. The operator used a FT 791C Staplelock drum spray with a full cone pattern and a 3/32” orifice (although several 1/16” orifice sprays were found). The approved methane and dust control plan required a Conflow 650 2801 CC or equivalent (this is a full cone spray with a 1/16” orifice). There are differences in the inlet for these full cone sprays. The inlet pieces for the 2801 CC and 2801 DC are identical. Table 10 summarizes the differences between the spray inlets made by the manufacturers. This information was obtained from the respective manufacturers during interviews and from design drawings. Table 10. Summary of Differences between Spray Inlets Manufactured by Flow Technologies and Conflow. FT Conflow % Difference Middle Hole Diameter 0.0393” 0.032” 20.5% Angled Side Holes Diameter 0.0468” 0.078” 50% Angle of Side Holes 67º 35º 62.7% The larger middle hole caused a much courser water droplet to be discharged from the Flow Technologies spray which made it less efficient for dust suppression. In addition, the 1/16” full cone Staplelock spray had a 30º spray angle at the outlet orifice, while the 3/32” full cone Staplelock spray had a 45º spray angle at the outlet orifice. This caused the 3/32” spray to have a greater overspray that contributed to turbulence around the shearer and potentially pushed dust into the walkway. The 3/32” full cone spray had a larger water droplet size which made it less likely to wet the surface being cut adequately and collect dust out of the air. A more in-depth discussion on the specifications of the water sprays can be found in Appendix AG. Shield Tips The ventilation plan required water sprays (does not specify a type) on the underside of the shield tips every 20 shields that were manually activated as the longwall passed. The plan did not specify the type of water sprays, shield numbers where sprays were located or minimum operating pressure, and did not provide sufficient technical information about the water sprays. MSHA investigators found that these sprays were brass hollow cone sprays and that many of these sprays were damaged or missing. 146 Stageloader/Crusher MSHA investigators found both Staplelock sprays and brass hollow cone sprays in use in the stage loader. The plan did not specify a spray type at this location and only specified a minimum psi (60). UBB Clean-up Program UBB’s clean-up program for coal dust accumulations pursuant to 30 CFR § 75.400-2 consisted of only three items:    Load cut of coal; Bolt cut of coal; Clean and dust cut of coal; Rock dust within 40’ of face, and; Equipment cleaned on weekly preventative maintenance program and as needed. The plan does not address several significant issues that would be considered as standard inclusions in most clean-up plans, such as clean-up of section roadway spillage, spillage at the feeder, general housekeeping around the section power center, clean-up and dusting along belt conveyer systems and entries, and rib sloughage after initial mining, and trash collection and disposal. Lung Disease from Coal Mine ventilation and water sprays are intended both to control explosion potential and to reduce the risk of lung diseases from respirable coal dust, commonly known as Black Lung. Black lung refers to a number of lung diseases such as coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP), emphysema, and chronic bronchitis, caused by inhalation of coal mine dust. The risk of developing the disease depends on the quantity—the intensity and duration—of dust inhaled. When the Mine Act was originally passed in 1969, the U.S. Congress established standards to reduce dust exposure in an effort to eliminate black lung. The State of West Virginia, Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Chief Medical Examiner performed autopsies on all 29 victims. The Medical Examiner indicated that most of the victims had evidence of varying degrees of black lung in the form of CWP, emphysema, and fibrosis. A number of these miners had a substantial amount or all of their experience at UBB. 147 NIOSH research has determined that coal miners continue to be at risk of disease when the current dust limit is followed. Nonetheless, the UBB lung autopsy findings are very troubling. The incidence of disease found in these miners clearly demonstrates that dust control practices at UBB and other mines where these miners worked did not provide adequate protection against black lung. Roof Control Plan The roof control plan in effect at the time of the accident was dated October 21, 2009, received by D4 on October 27, 2009, and was approved on December 23, 2009. The portion of the plan outlining the required support for Headgate 1 North and Tailgate 1 North is included in Appendix AH. The operator failed to design for the extensive occurrence of multiple seam mining conditions, overburden depths exceeding 1,100 feet, and floor heave during development of the 1 North Panel gateroads. The operator did not include pillar design or stability analyses in the roof control plan despite the presence of extensive overlying workings in the reserve area and widespread falls of ground that occurred after mining beneath Powellton seam gateroads. If a stability analysis had been conducted, the Analysis of Multiple Seam Stability (AMSS) program would have indicated that the multiple seam interactions were expected to generate degraded ground conditions and therefore, supplemental support would be required. The operator did not consider the methane outbursts in 2003 and 2004 nor did they implement the precautions discussed with Technical Support at two different meetings in 2004, as described previously in the “Outburst History at UBB” section. These measures, as previously presented, included the construction of a geologic hazard map to predict possible outburst areas, and the related drilling of degasification holes in the identified target areas to release gas prior to mining. During discussion with the mine’s senior engineer, Technical Support indicated that a zone of geological weakness appeared to extend southeast through the 2003 and 2004 outburst locations, and that it would be prudent to anticipate encountering a similar event on the next subsequent longwall panel. The mine map indicates that the panel in question was stopped short where it intersected the trend indicated by Technical Support, suggesting that mine management might have been aware of the element of predictability of outbursts in this reserve. However, there appears to have been no attempt to alter the stop position of the 1 North Panel, which mined into the northwestern extension of the projected zone. Technical Support recommended additional precautions in 2004, during a meeting with company officials and CMS&H District 4 personnel, pertaining to the need for increased ventilation on the longwall face and in the longwall bleeder. Those recommendations were not heeded, since the longwall face quantities were actually decreased on the 1 North Panel compared to the previous district where the outbursts occurred. Pages 2-3 of the approved roof control plan state that tailgate pillars will be designed with 80-foot crosscut centers and that pillars on development and retreat sections will be designed in accordance with the latest edition of Analysis of Retreat Mining Pillar 148 Stability (ARMPS). The ARMPS program was not an appropriate tool to evaluate the stability of current or future gateroads, which should be evaluated using the Analysis of Longwall Pillar Stability (ALPS) program. In addition, PCC should have used AMSS due to the presence of overlying mine workings and the possibility of multiple seam stress interactions to evaluate gateroad pillar stability. More details with respect to stability analyses are included in Appendix AI. Roof control issues in Headgate and Tailgate 1 North are listed below. Headgate 1 North The headgate was developed as a three-entry gateroad, beginning in November 2008, utilizing 100-foot crosscut centers, with 95-foot centers from the No. 1 to No. 2 Entry, and 105-foot centers from the No. 2 to No. 3 Entry. Prior to this, the development had begun from the North Glory Mains as a 5-entry section in July 2008. The 1 North Panel was the first to be developed beneath Powellton seam longwalls since May 2005, at the end of the previous district when Panel 20 crossed diagonally beneath a 500-foot wide longwall panel. Maximum overburden, based on comparison with structure contours for the Eagle seam provided by the company and a standard USGS topographic map, is 1,290 feet. Headgate 1 North passes beneath several gateroads in the Powellton seam, located 170 feet above. This represents a gob/solid boundary between crosscuts 60-65, with gateroads between mined-out longwall panels, interpreted to represent remnant pillars farther west. For purposes of AMSS analyses, the 4-entry gateroads in the Powellton seam are treated as a single barrier, the width of which is measured to the outside ribs of the outside pillars, a distance of 160 feet. A long barrier between adjacent room-and-pillar workings may represent a remnant pillar configuration near crosscut 45, particularly if the floor has been softened in the Powellton seam or if pillar extraction has been performed. An AMSS analysis for Headgate 1 North, dated December 14, 2009, was conducted by D4 personnel following deterioration of the headgate. The analysis indicated that the Pillar Stability Factor for tailgate loading essentially met the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13, utilizing a gob/solid boundary beneath the Powellton seam longwall panels and assuming 990 feet of overburden. The MSHA AI Team reviewed the analysis and conducted its own analysis for purposes of comparison. Based on field visits to the Powellton seam and the Eagle seam in this area, the MSHA AI Team analysis used different values for seam height than indicated in the D4 analysis. The D4 analysis appears to address the vicinity of crosscut 60-65, beneath the gob/solid boundary represented by a longwall in the overlying Powellton seam. Based on the D4 analysis seam height of five feet, the design of Headgate 1 North appears to meet the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13. However, field experience indicates that a more realistic value of seam height is seven feet, which substantially reduces the Pillar Stability Factor to 0.82 for tailgate loading conditions and no longer meets the NIOSH recommended value. MSHA’s analysis indicates that for the gateroad design to meet the NIOSH recommended Pillar Stability Factor of 1.13, the pillars would have to be increased to 149 125-foot crosscut and entry centers, compared to the current 100-foot crosscut and 95to 105-foot entry centers. Although the gateroads were subjected only to headgate loading conditions, an AMSS analysis conducted by MSHA indicates that it should have been apparent that the gateroad design was not robust enough to meet the recommended stability factors beneath the deepest overburden in combination with Powellton gateroad crossings. MSHA represented the Powellton gateroad crossings as remnant pillars 160 feet wide, surrounded by adjacent longwall gob 620 feet in width at 1,290 feet of overburden. This resulted in Pillar Stability Factors under headgate loading conditions of only 0.93 (0.52 for tailgate loading conditions). This does not meet the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13, and generates a “condition yellow” warning (A major interaction should be considered likely, unless a pattern of supplemental roof support, such as cable bolts or equivalent is installed; rib instability is also likely) for development, and a “condition red” warning (A major interaction should be considered likely, even if a pattern of supplemental roof support is installed; it may be desirable to avoid the area entirely) for tailgate loading. In the vicinity of crosscut 45, Headgate 1 North passed beneath an 80foot barrier between two room-and-pillar sections, at 1,260 feet of overburden. The AMSS calculated Pillar Stability Factor for the headgate is only 0.93, following the interpretation that the pillars in the Powellton seam are no longer carrying load, either due to floor softening from water, or undersized pillars that have crushed out, or were retreat mined. The value of 0.93 does not meet the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13. Inspector notes and witness testimony established that a massive water inundation occurred on the 1 North Panel on November 16, 2009 and forced the panel to be shut down for nearly two weeks while water was pumped out. Based on review of mine maps, the longwall was between Headgate 1 North crosscuts 52-61 during that period, with the face located at crosscut 55 in mid-November. This area is significant in that it occurs beneath the transition in the overlying Powellton seam from a series of longwall panels to room-and-pillar workings, separated by a 220-foot wide barrier. At best, the transition represents a gob/solid boundary and, if the room-and-pillar workings were retreat mined or if mine floor softening prevented pillar remnants from carrying any load, at worst it represents a wide barrier between two gobs. Overburden in this area is up to 1,180 feet. Thus, it is plausible that differential subsidence above the 1 North Panel occurred beneath the barrier, causing joints or fractures to open sufficiently to allow water and air communication between the Eagle and Powellton seams. Notations in the longwall production report indicate that a roof fall, 10 feet high and 16 feet wide, occurred in the headgate entry itself, extending from shield 1 outby to the stage loader, on December 4, 2009, when the face was between crosscuts 51-52 beneath the same gob/solid transition zone. This roof fall was not reported until December 5, 2009 and included inaccurate information. MSHA was unable to evaluate the roof fall because the longwall had advanced and the area was unsafe at the time MSHA was notified. The roof fall was reported to MSHA as falling out between the bolts. Witness testimony also indicated that floor heave had been encountered during development of the Headgate 1 North. Although the ARMPS Pillar Stability Factor exceeded the value 150 recommended by NIOSH for development loading conditions, AMSS predicted a “condition yellow” warning (“A major interaction should be considered likely, unless a pattern of supplemental roof support, such as cable bolts or equivalent, is installed; rib instability is also likely”). Subsequent longwall mining validated the predicted AMSS results when significant floor heave and rib sloughing damaged ventilation controls, and ground conditions became unsuitable for use as a tailgate to the next planned longwall panel. At the time of the underground investigation, the headgate had degraded to the point that it was considered inaccessible. Tailgate 1 North Tailgate 1 North was developed using seven entries with 100-foot crosscut and 80-foot entry center spacing, resulting in 80 x 60-foot rectangular pillars. It should be noted that because the 1 North Panel was the first panel in the new longwall district, the tailgate would never be subjected to actual tailgate loading, and instead would be subjected to only headgate loading conditions. However, according to witness testimony and review of the 2008 Annual Ventilation Map, dated January 15, 2009, what became the Tailgate 1 North Panel was developed originally as a 7-entry submains configuration, a nonstandard gateroad design. Mine management subsequently elected to use this configuration as a longwall tailgate when the longwall equipment was forced to return earlier than expected from the Castle Mine after encountering adverse geological conditions. The 7-entry submains configuration began development from the North Glory Mains in January 2008 and continued until October 2008 when the two left-hand entries were dropped. The development continued as a 5-entry submains configuration by December 2008. Stability analysis using AMSS indicates that beneath the remnant pillar configuration of overlying Powellton seam gateroads flanked by 620-foot wide longwall gobs and at depths approaching 1,200 feet, such as was encountered during the November 2009 water inundation, the 5-entry Tailgate 1 North is characterized by a Pillar Stability Factor of only 0.95, which does not meet the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13. At the longwall face position at the time of the explosion, the Pillar Stability Factor of 1.11 was slightly less than the recommended value of 1.13 for the tailgate beneath 970 feet of overburden and a remnant pillar configuration in the overlying Powellton seam. If Tailgate 1 North had been used as a submains and not been subjected to longwall abutment stresses, the Pillar Stability Factors would have exceeded the values recommended by NIOSH, even when subjected to the worst combination of overburden depth and multiple seam interaction. However, underground observations by MSHA indicated that extensive floor heave and roof degradation occurred in the 5-entry and 7-entry portions of the Tailgate 1 North, both inby and outby the longwall face. This degradation became progressively worse over time. Floor heave extended from the tailgate entry itself across the section to the No. 1 Entry, the farthest away from longwall side abutment stress. 151 Emergency Response Plan (ERP) The MINER Act of 2006 requires all mine operators to develop Emergency Response Plan (ERP)s. The ERP in effect on April 5, 2010 was approved on January 25, 2010. The ERP defines how the company will respond to mine emergencies that occur at the mine. The approved ERP addressed the following sections: Training The ERP required the operator to train miners within 30 days of approval on the provisions of the plan. The approved ERP provided scenarios in which miners on the section and outby areas were to be provide instruction on assembling, evacuation, and donning a SCSR. Mine Communication and Tracking Mine operators are required to provide a post-accident communication system between underground personnel and surface personnel, via a wireless two-way medium and an electronic tracking system, which permits surface personnel to determine the location of any persons trapped underground. Operators were required by the Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response (MINER) Act to submit plans by June 15, 2009 to address this requirement. If the fully wireless provisions cannot be adopted, the MINER Act requires that ERP’s set forth an alternative means of compliance that approximates, “as closely as possible, the degree of functional utility and safety protection provided by the wireless two-way medium and tracking system.” The operator submitted an ERP plan on October 9, 2009. This plan stated that a leaky feeder (radio) system was already installed in the mine to provide a wireless means of communication. It also stated that a tracking system was in the process of being installed. This plan was approved on January 25, 2009. According to witness testimony, installation of the leaky feeder communication system began on or about October 6, 2009. The system consisted of a coaxial distributed antenna system from which radio frequencies could be transmitted and received. Within range of the coaxial cable, miners could communicate with Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) radios. The tracking system utilized a “tracking tag” transmitter worn by miners, which sent signals to a “tag reader” repeater. When a tracking tag signal was received by the tag reader, it re-transmitted this signal across the leaky feeder system, back to the surface. Miners had to be in range of the tag reader before any signals were transmitted to the surface. The operator had a computer system that recorded when a miner’s tracking tag signal was received. When a miner left the tag reader’s coverage area, the last known time the miner was located or traveling by the tag reader could be seen in the computers’ tag reader database. 152 As of April 5, 2010, the communication and tracking system was partially completed. The leaky feeder system was approximately 1,250 feet from the face of the HG 22 section, and approximately 750 feet from the TG 22 section. The leaky feeder was installed in the belt entry to the stageloader, and in the track entry to the mule train of the longwall section. The last tag reader for the tracking system was installed at the Mother Drive of the longwall conveyor. This tag reader is approximately 2,700 feet from the longwall face, 3,700 feet from the face of TG 22, and 7,000 feet from the face of HG 22. After the explosion, mine rescue personnel could not determine the number of miners underground until 1:40 a.m. on April 6, when the correct number of miners underground were reported. The ERP requires PCC to manually track miners in locations where the tracking system is inoperative, but in this case, miners were not tracked properly, a sufficient number of tag readers were not installed, and existing tag readers were not maintained. 27 tag readers were inoperative prior to the explosion and no tag readers were working inby the South Portal area. In addition, not all employees who went into the mine were entered in the computer database, the tracking system did not have an identifiable number entered into the computer that matched the miner’s belt tag, and miners were going underground without taking an assigned tracking tag. Other deficiencies identified regarding the operator’s compliance with the communications and tracking requirements of the approved ERP included:    Leaky feeder amplifiers that were blowing fuses, causing the system to be ineffective for providing adequate post-accident communications; and, Several tag readers in the database that were not storing data properly. The readers were displaying data from a previously selected reader; and The difficulty of determining the number of miners using only the tracking system’s computer screen. Testimony provided by mine employees indicates that the operator did not utilize sufficient resources on a daily basis to provide an adequate post-accident communication and tracking system. Two mine employees were assigned to install the system, while performing other duties. Appendix AJ describes in greater detail the communication and tracking system. 153 Mine Emergency Evacuation and Firefighting Program of Instruction (MEEFP) The Mine Emergency Evacuation and Firefighting Program (MEEFP) is designed to instruct miners in the procedures for mine emergencies that present an imminent danger to miners from fire, explosions, and inundations, and to evacuate all miners not required for a mine emergency response (Appendix AK). 30 CFR §§ 75.1502 and 75.1504 in an operator’s program require quarterly drills to be performed. Training drills dealing with emergencies including fires, water inundation, gas inundation, and explosions must be performed on a quarterly basis. The records for the five quarters preceding the explosion on April 5, 2010, show that no explosion drill training was conducted. MSHA reviewed the operator’s approved plans, records, and testimony, and identified deficiencies in the operator’s MEEFP. Emergency drill records provided by PCC for the five quarters preceding the explosion revealed that PCC failed to conduct emergency evacuation training in all required topics for all required miners. Atmospheric Monitoring System (AMS) The requirements for the AMS are set forth in 30 CFR §§ 75.350, 75.351, and 75.352. The company was required to fulfill these requirements because the mine utilized belt air to ventilate the longwall working section prior to the explosion. The operator’s AMS consisted of hardware and software capable of measuring atmospheric parameters, such as CO. Atmospheric measurements were transmitted from the underground mine to two surface computers. The system was primarily comprised of CO sensors along the belt conveyor system. These sensors were programmed to alarm if the CO level reached 10 ppm. An AMS operator was required to be stationed on the surface, where alarms would be registered. The AMS operator should have been trained in accordance with 30 CFR § 75.351(q), to understand the system, and it has the primary responsibility to respond to emergencies. MSHA reviewed the computer system’s event log data, mine maps, and CO monitoring devices in the explosion area. Appendix AJ provides details of the system design, layout, and event data. Damage to several CO sensors was observed along belt entries in the explosion area. The AMS cable was severed at crosscut 89 of the North Glory Mains. According to the computer system’s event log, the first occurrence of an alarm on April 5 was for a communication failure that occurred at 3:08:01 p.m. (computer system time). It was determined after the explosion that the computer’s clock was fast. Time drift analysis was conducted on the Pyott-Boone system resulting in unexplainable results. Details of these analyses are included in Appendix AJ. The AMS event log showed no signs of a fire underground prior to the explosion. According to the event log, approximately 26 minutes prior to the explosion, CO sensor 1.51 at Ellis 5 Head Drive alarmed and cleared quickly. This was considered a “nuisance alarm” and occurred commonly at this mine. 154 All CO sensors, belt monitors, and other system components inby crosscut 81 of the North Glory Mains went into communication failure immediately after the explosion. Several sensors, from crosscut 81 outby, went into alarm, starting at the 6 North belt starter CO sensor 1.95, and progressing outby to the 4 North CO sensor 1.82. These sensors were showing varying concentrations of CO for approximately 15 minutes after the explosion, until all the CO sensors in the North section of the mine stopped communicating. The communication failure was possibly due to either the loss of backup power from the uninterruptible power supplies, or a loss of data signal. Several deficiencies were discovered with PCC’s AMS compliance requirements during the investigation. These deficiencies include: 1. CO sensor spacing was not maintained at 1,000-foot intervals on the HG 22 section, as required. The conveyor belt was approximately 3,750 feet in length. There was only one sensor provided between the HG 22 head drive sensor 1.103 and the section CO sensor 1.53. 2. The CO sensor map was not up-to-date. Sensors were not always shown on the map, and some were shown at incorrect locations. Directions of air flow were shown in the wrong direction compared to other mine maps. 3. AMS operators did not take the correct actions when alarms were received on the surface. Operators failed to have miners removed from underground on three different occasions, when two consecutive alarms occurred. 4. AMS operators did not always record actions taken to correct system malfunctions or failures. 5. Many of the CO sensors were not being calibrated every 31 days. PCC did not indicate that each sensor was being calibrated in the handwritten record book, but instead would indicate that a particular belt’s CO sensors were calibrated. The AMS computer’s data showed that PCC failed to calibrate some of the CO sensors along belt flights. During the last required 31-day calibration, PCC recorded that the 4 North and 5 North conveyor belts’ CO sensors were calibrated. In contrast, the computer log showed that six CO sensors were not calibrated on these two conveyor belts. 6. Not all of the AMS operators at the mine were trained adequately. 7. According to the event log, many nuisance alarms were not being addressed by PCC. 8. CO sensors located at the 6 North drive and the 5 North tailpiece were not positioned correctly. 155 Refuge Alternatives Three refuge alternatives were located in the northern portion of the mine (see Appendix H). These three units were Strata Portable Fresh Air Bay units that included inflatable tents. Although the mine rescue efforts after the explosion were, in part, based on the hope that survivors had managed to reach these refuge alternatives and utilize the life-support functions of the units, none of the refuge alternatives were deployed. Personnel from A&CC, along with representatives from WVOMHST, GIIP and PCC, inspected these refuge chambers on March 31, 2011. All three units were successfully deployed and appeared to be fully functional. Details of this investigation and photos of the refuge alternatives are shown in Appendix AL. Self Contained Self Rescuers NIOSH Testing The Self Contained Self Rescuers (SCSR) used at UBB were manufactured by CSE, Model Number SR-100. NIOSH researchers in Bruceton, Pennsylvania tested a number of SCSRs which MSHA recovered from various underground areas of UBB during the rescue and recovery operations and the accident investigation. The testing included visual inspections, functional tests, and disassembly. Some of the units endured obvious damage from the explosion and, accordingly, were only visually inspected. All of the remaining SCSRs passed the functional tests except for one, PE39-a, which showed problems with its actuator bottle. Disassembly of this unit revealed a manufacturing defect near the “O” ring seal which allowed air to slip around the seal. NIOSH researchers determined that this condition did not diminish the unit’s ability to generate oxygen and that the unit would have functioned as required. Upon disassembly of the rest of the SCSRs, NIOSH researchers determined that the defect was anomalous and had only affected PE-39-a. In sum, all units performed as expected with no problems. Disassembly of the units also involved visual examinations of the units’ chemical beds. Based on these examinations, NIOSH researchers were able to determine which units had been used (i.e., whether oxygen had been consumed) as well as the extent to which the units had been used (i.e., how much oxygen had been consumed. (Appendix AM) 156 SCSRs apparently used by Blanchard and another top company official During its investigation, MSHA found six deployed SCSRs in various locations in the area affected by the explosion. MSHA later determined that Blanchard and another top company official most likely deployed and used these SCSRs during their exploration activities following the explosion. The investigation team was unable to determine the purpose or extent of their travels as both individuals exercised their rights under the Fifth Amendment and declined to be interviewed by MSHA. ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS The Accident Investigation Team performed an analysis to determine the root cause and other significant factors that contributed to the accident. Eliminating these causes would have prevented the loss of 29 lives and the two significant injuries resulting from the explosion at UBB. Root Cause: Performance Coal Company (PCC) and Massey management engaged in practices and procedures that resulted in non-compliance with the Mine Act and regulations. PCC/Massey engaged in intimidation of miners; had a policy of illegal advance notice of MSHA inspections; did not comply with their own training plan; and intentionally failed to maintain required books recording hazards known to the company. PCC and Massey’s actions reflected a pervasive culture that valued production over safety creating a significant threat to the safety and health of UBB miners and contractors. Specifically:  Miners were routinely intimidated by PCC and Massey managers. They did not report safety problems at the mine because of fear of retaliation. They were also discouraged from listing hazards in the required examination records and correcting them. MSHA cannot be in every mine every day, and it relies on miners to report hazardous conditions in the mine. PCC and Massey’s actions deprived miners of the right to participate in their own safety.  PCC and Massey established a practice of providing advance notice to those on the surface and underground when enforcement personnel were at the mine. Mine security personnel were instructed to notify the mine personnel when inspectors arrived on mine property. Mine personnel then informed persons underground that an inspector was present at the mine. This advance notice gave those underground the opportunity to alter conditions and fix hazards prior to the inspector’s arrival on the section. Advance notice resulted in limited rock dusting and ventilation changes in areas where inspectors were expected to travel. At time foremen shut down the working section before the inspector arrived.  PCC and Massey kept two sets of books. They were aware of hazards and noted them in a production or maintenance record but in many instances failed to record them as required in the official examination book. Had these hazards 157 been recorded as required in the official book, inspectors and miners would have had the opportunity to understand and assess the hazards and ensure they were corrected. The investigation team also recognizes that other contributory factors, detailed below, played a significant role in the accident at UBB. These factors further reflect the disregard for miners’ safety and for the obligation to comply with the Mine Act and regulations. Had these resulting contributory factors not existed, the explosion would have been averted. The new mine operator will need to develop and implement a comprehensive corrective action plan to address all of these issues. Contributory Factor: PCC and Massey did not comply with the approved training plan; many miners did not receive training in hazard recognition, prevention of accidents, roof control, ventilation and other mining plans, and the training required in new work tasks. The lack of training was corroborated by the conditions in the mine, which led to the explosion. Contributory Factor: PCC and Massey did not perform adequate pre-shift, on-shift, and weekly examinations. Mine examiners did not identify numerous existing hazardous conditions throughout the mine. Several air courses had not been examined in the proper time frame or were not being examined at all. Examiners and section foremen did not energize their multi-gas detectors when required and the detectors often remained de-energized for extended periods of time. As a result, examiners could not and did not take adequate air quality measurements and often recorded false measurements in the examination records. In addition, examinations were not being consistently performed in the tailgate entry near the longwall face. Finally, on-shift respirable dust parameter checks were not being performed as required on the longwall section, and tests for methane were not consistently being made at 20 minute intervals on the longwall when the shearer was operating. Contributory Factor: PCC and Massey did not correct or post hazardous conditions immediately. Numerous reported hazardous conditions remained uncorrected. For example, belt examination records regularly indicated the need for cleaning and/or rock dusting on several consecutive shifts without any corrective actions being taken. Contributory Factor: PCC and Massey did not maintain the longwall shearer in safe operating condition. At least two worn bits were present on the face ring of the tail drum of the shearer. Both of these bits were clearly missing their carbide tips. Contributory Factor: PCC and Massey did not comply with the approved ventilation plan. The tailgate end drum of the longwall shearer was being operated with missing and clogged water sprays. Seven sprays were missing. As a result of the missing sprays, no pressure could be measured on the shearer tailgate drum. Contributory Factor: PCC and Massey did not maintain the volume and velocity of the air current at a sufficient volume and velocity to dilute, render harmless, and carry away 158 flammable, explosive, noxious, and harmful gases, dusts, smoke, and fumes, in the areas where persons worked or traveled. Contributory Factor: PCC and Massey did not comply with the approved roof control plan. The required supplemental roof support in the tailgate entry of the longwall was not installed. The failure to maintain the required tailgate support contributed to the inability to properly ventilate the explosive mixture of gas that accumulated in the tailgate. Contributory Factor: PCC and Massey did not rock dust the mine adequately. A mine dust survey was performed in the area affected by the explosion. Of the 1353 samples collected in the flame zone, 90.5 percent were non-compliant. Contributory Factor: PCC and Massey failed to ensure that accumulations of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust were cleaned up and removed from the mine. Corrective Actions: This mine has been under a Section 103(k) order since April 5, 2010, and has been the subject of an ongoing investigation. Massey Energy no longer owns and operates the mine at UBB. The new corporate owner must take the actions necessary to prevent unsafe and unhealthful conditions in its mines. MSHA will require the operator to take appropriate actions to address the root cause and each of the contributory factors. A commitment to health and safety must extend to all management members and corporate officials and be monitored and enforced at the highest levels. Those that instill and condone a dangerous culture must be held accountable for their actions or inactions. 159 CONCLUSION The tragic deaths of 29 miners and serious injuries to two others at Upper Big Branch were entirely preventable. PCC and Massey routinely ignored obvious safety hazards and let conditions develop that allowed a small methane ignition to propagate into a massive coal dust explosion. MSHA's investigation revealed that the dangerous conditions existing at UBB were the result of PCC and Massey's practices and procedures that resulted in non-compliance with the Mine Act and regulations. This included intimidating miners to discourage them from reporting hazards or stopping production to make needed corrections; routinely giving advance notice of inspections; failing to train miners adequately; and not recording hazards in required examination books. Along with these practices, PCC and Massey failed to take other safety precautions that would have prevented the explosion from occurring. They did not conduct examinations properly, did not correct hazards, and did not maintain the longwall shearer in the correct working condition. In addition, PCC and Massey failed to comply with the approved ventilation and roof control plans, inadequately applied rock dust and did not clean up extensive amounts of loose coal, coal dust and float coal dust accumulations. MSHA concluded that the explosion at UBB originated as a methane ignition that led to a methane explosion and then transitioned into a massive coal dust explosion. It most likely started with an initial methane ignition caused by the cutting bits on the tail drum of the longwall shearer, which likely generated hot streaks on the sandstone roof or Hoor. The ·flame from the initial ignition then ignited an accumulation of methane. It encountered this methane because of PCC's poor roof control practices, which restricted the airway through the next inby crosscut, thereby allowing methane to accumulate. Once a localized methane explosion occurred, it encountered fuel in the form of coal dust and float coal dust beginning in the tailgate entries that were inadequately rock dusted. Examiners had allowed these and other accumulations at other locations in the mine to build up over days, weeks, and months. If float coal dust had not accumulated and the mine dust had contained sufficient quantities of incombustible content, the localized methane explosion would not have propagated any further. PCC did not apply adequate quantities of rock dust in the affected area; as a result, the coal dust and float coal dust allowed the localized methane explosion to propagate into a massive coal dust explosion that quickly spread throughout the northern section of the mine. The explosion res ted in the worst mining disaster in the United States in the last 40 years. Date Kevin G. Stricklin Administrator for Coal Mine Safety and Health 160 ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS A 103(k) order was issued to ensure the safety of all persons until an investigation was completed and the area and equipment deemed safe. Twelve violations that were deemed to have contributed to the accident were issued to PCC. Of this number, nine were designated as flagrant violations. Two additional contributory citations were issued to DSC. Other violations deemed not to have contributed to the cause or severity of the accident were cited separately and are not addressed in this report. Control Order No. 4642503 under Section 103(k) of the Mine Act An accident occurred at this operation on 4/5/2010 at approximately 3:27 p.m. This order is being issued, under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 Section 103(j), to prevent destruction of any evidence which would assist in investigating the cause or causes of the accident. It prohibits all activity in the underground areas of the mine except to rescue and recover miners. The initial order is modified to reflect that MSHA is now proceeding under the authority of Section 103(k) of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977. This Section 103(k) Order is intended to protect the safety of all persons on-site, including those involved in rescue and recovery operations or investigation of the accident. The mine operator shall obtain prior approval from an Authorized Representative of the Secretary for all action to recover and/or restore operations in the affected area. Additionally, the mine operator is reminded of its existing obligations to prevent the destruction of evidence that would aid in investigating the cause or causes of the accident. 104(a) Citation No. 8431853, Section 103(a) of the Mine Act, S&S, Reckless Disregard Section 103(a) of the Mine Act states that: "Authorized representatives of the Secretary… shall make frequent inspections and investigations in coal or other mines each year…" and that "In carrying out the requirements of this subsection, no advance notice of an inspection shall be provided to any person…". The mine operator has failed to comply with this section of the Mine Act. Testimony given by both management and hourly employees during the accident investigation indicates that the mine had a regular practice of notifying persons underground that an inspector was present on the surface. Underground employees would regularly cease production to correct hazards prior to the possible arrival of the inspectors. This advance notice prevented MSHA inspectors from observing the actual conditions to which miners were being exposed. Unannounced inspections are a key part of MSHA's effort to identify unsafe and unhealthy conditions in mines. By providing advance notice of inspections, the mine operator has interfered with inspectors in their attempts to inspect the mine and has shown a reckless disregard for the health and safety of their miners. 161 This violation of the Mine Act contributed to the death of 29 miners in that MSHA was denied the opportunity to develop additional guidelines, discover hazards, and make inspections of the actual conditions at the mine. This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(2) Order No. 8250014, 30 CFR §75.220(a)(1), S&S, High Negligence The operator failed to comply with the approved roof control plan, in the 1 North Panel tailgate entry. Page 19 of the plan stipulates that in longwall development entries of initial longwall panels, “the Tailgate Entry will have supplemental support in the form of two rows of 8’ (foot) cable bolts or posts installed between primary support. This supplemental support shall be maintained 1000 feet outby the longwall face at all times.” The operator failed to install the required supplemental supports in the tailgate entry adjacent to the 1 North longwall panel. The operator failed to install cable bolts and only installed one row of posts in the tailgate entry. Required tailgate support is significant because observations indicate that crosscut 49, (the first crosscut inby the face) had already caved prior to the face reaching crosscut 48, (the crosscut outby the face) as evidenced by observations of soot, coal dust and debris on the fall rubble. Roof failure in crosscut 49 restricted airflow from traveling inby from the face. The failure to maintain the required tailgate support contributed to the inability to properly ventilate the explosive mixture of gas accumulation in the tailgate and contributed to the explosion that occurred on 4-5-2010 that resulted in the deaths of 29 miners. The failure to maintain the required supports in the tailgate entry also prevented safe access for mine examiners from conducting required examinations in those entries. The failure to maintain the required supports in the tailgate entry also prevented examiners from conducting required examinations in those entries. The installation of one row of posts rather than the required two rows would have been very evident to weekly examiners, Longwall preshift and on-shift examiners and the Longwall Coordinator. Testimony revealed that examiners were instructed that one row of supports was sufficient in the tailgate entry. The operator has engaged in aggravated conduct constituting more than ordinary negligence. This is an unwarrantable failure to comply with a mandatory standard. This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc. and Massey Energy Company. 162 104(a) Citation No. 8227560, 30 CFR §75.321(a)(1), S&S, Moderate Negligence The operator has failed to maintain the volume and velocity of the air current in the areas where persons work or travel to dilute, render harmless, and carry away flammable, explosive, noxious, and harmful gases, dusts, smoke, and fumes. The air current at the Longwall tail (Tailgate 1 North, crosscut 48) was not sufficient to dilute, and render harmless, and carry away flammable, explosive, noxious and harmful gases, dusts, smoke, and fumes. An explosive mixture of gases was allowed to accumulate in the vicinity of the shearer which was located at the tailgate end of the longwall. An ignition of this mixture resulted in a mine explosion on 4/5/2010 and propagated throughout areas of the mine including the longwall, HG 22, and TG 22 sections. This explosion resulted in the deaths of 29 miners, disabling injuries to one miner, and serious injuries to another miner. In addition to the occurrence of the explosion, the following facts establish that the air current at the tailgate end of the longwall was inadequate: The mine has a history of methane incidents on prior longwall panels. These incidents put the operator on notice for methane hazards on the longwall face. These incidents include: - A methane ignition / explosion that occurred on 1/4/1997 at No. 2 West Longwall. - A methane outburst that occurred on 16 Longwall panel in July of 2003. - Another methane outburst occurred on 17 Longwall panel on 2/18/2004. These incidents all occurred in a fault zone and while mining with an overburden in the excess of 1,000 feet. The accident on 4/5/2010 occurred in this same fault zone. This mine was on a 103 (i) spot inspection due to the methane liberation. The operator failed to implement / follow the recommendations of MSHA’s geologist and Ventilation technical support group following the 2004 outburst. These recommendations included: - Increasing airflow along the longwall face (the plan at the time required a minimum of 60,000 cfm). - Degasification wells for the subsequent longwall panels in an effort to bleed of gas prior to encroachment of the longwall face. - Construct a hazard map that showed areas with 1,100 feet of overburden and less than 13 feet of interburden between the eagle and lover eagle seams. Additionally this map should show the projected structural zone identified in headgate 18, and overmined areas. 163 The operator’s failure to maintain a sufficient volume and velocity to dilute, render harmless, and carry away flammable, explosive, noxious, and harmful gases, dusts, smoke, and fumes contributed to the deaths of 29 miners. - This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(2) Order No. 8431838, 30 CFR §75.360, S&S, Reckless Disregard The operator has engaged in a practice of failing to conduct adequate preshift examinations in the north area of the mine where an explosion occurred on April 5, 2010 which resulted in 29 fatalities and serious injuries to two miners. The inadequate examinations occurred from 1.1.2010 up to the date of the explosion. The practice includes violations of the following subsections of 75.360: (a)(1) Miner testimony obtained during the accident investigation indicates that miners entered the mine prior to the completion of the preshift examinations. An agent of the operator, Jeremy Burghduff, failed to conduct a preshift examination prior to two miners on the pumping crew entering the work area for at least 19 shifts from 03.18.2010 through 04.05.2010. Testimony indicates that the two miners traveled with Mr. Burghduff while he conducted the preshift examination. In addition, data downloaded from Burghduff's Solaris multi-gas detector reveals that the detector had not been turned on from 03.18.2010 until after the mine explosion on 04.05.2010. With his detector turned off, Burghduff was unable to test for methane or oxygen deficiency as required. Another agent of the operator, John Skaggs, performed an inadequate preshift examination of the longwall on 4.4.2010 for the oncoming midnight maintenance shift. According to testimony, the examination consisted of examining the stage loader area. The examiner failed to examine the entire length of the longwall face, where miners were scheduled to and did work during the oncoming shift, and did not include the required air measurements. Testimony indicates that examiners routinely failed to examine the tailgate entry of the longwall section. (b) Over many shifts, several different examiners failed to adequately examine the areas along the travelways from the North Portal to/and including the three working sections: headgate 22, tailgate 22 and the longwall. The examiners failed to identify very obvious hazardous conditions throughout the examined areas. For example, accumulations of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust are present in the entries and crosscuts throughout these areas. Additionally, entry widths exceeded the required widths of the approved roof control plan in 16 locations. (c)(2) The operator regularly failed to accurately measure the air quantity in the intake entries at the intake end of the longwall immediately outby the face. 164 (g) Preshift exam records for headgate 22 (03.25.2010), tailgate 22 (03.22.2010) and the longwall (03.10.2010) were not verified by the person conducting the examinations. The operator recorded hazardous conditions in its internal production and maintenance reports while failing to record the same hazards in its preshift examination records. This practice prevented MSHA, WVMSH&T, miners, and oncoming foremen from knowing of hazardous conditions and taking preventative measures. In the alternative, the operator failed to comply with 30 C.F.R. 75.363(b). The failure to identify, record and correct hazards in one area of the mine can result in injury or loss of life in another part of the mine, due to the confined nature of the underground mining environment. The operator’s practice of failing to conduct adequate preshift examinations, as well as the operator’s practice of failing to conduct adequate weekly and on-shift examinations (as cited in 8431855 and 8227550), exposed miners to ongoing hazards. This practice of failing to conduct adequate preshift examinations and to identify and correct obvious hazardous conditions contributed to the explosion on April 5, 2010 and the resulting 29 deaths, disabling injuries to one miner, and serious injuries to another miner. The operator engaged in aggravated conduct constituting more than ordinary negligence. This violation is an unwarrantable failure to comply with a mandatory standard. This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc. and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(2) Order No. 8227550, 30 CFR §75.362, S&S, Reckless Disregard The operator has engaged in a practice of failing to conduct adequate onshift examinations in the north area of the mine where an explosion occurred on April 5, 2010 which resulted in 29 fatalities and serious injuries to two miners. The inadequate examinations occurred from October, 2009 up to the date of the explosion. The practice includes violations of the following subsections of 75.362: (a)(1) The operator failed to identify obvious accumulations of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust that were present in various locations in the entries and crosscuts of the travelways for HG 22, TG 22, and Longwall sections and on the sections. These hazardous conditions existed over several shifts and should have been observed, recorded and corrected by examiners. (a)(2) The operator engaged in a practice of failing to conduct adequate onshift examinations of the longwall equipment within one hour of the shift change or before production began to ensure compliance with the respirable dust control parameters. 165 Numerous deficiencies on the longwall equipment existed as cited in Order No. 8227558 and Citation No. 8227552. (d) The operator had a practice of failing to test for methane at 20 minute intervals during the operation of the shearer. On the day of the explosion six (6) 20 minute tests for methane were not conducted. The failure to identify and correct hazards in one area of the mine can result in injury or loss of life in another part of the mine, due to the confined nature of the underground mining environment. The operator's practice of failing to conduct adequate onshift examinations, as well as the operator's practice of failing to conduct adequate preshift and weekly examinations, exposed miners to ongoing hazards. This practice of failing to conduct adequate onshift examinations and to identify and correct obvious hazardous conditions contributed to the explosion on April 5, 2010 and the resulting 29 deaths, disabling injuries to one miner, and serious injuries to another miner. The operator has engaged in aggravated conduct constituting more than ordinary negligence. This is an unwarrantable failure to comply with a mandatory standard. This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(2) Order No. 4900578, 30 CFR §75.363(a), S&S, Reckless Disregard The operator failed to immediately correct or post with conspicuous "Danger" signs hazardous conditions observed and recorded during the on-shift examinations of the belt conveyor systems in the north area of the mine (the area affected by the explosion on 4.5.2010). From 03.01.2010 through 04.05.2010, the operator's on-shift examination records identified approximately 982 hazardous conditions. Of these hazardous conditions, approximately 937 were listed as accumulations of coal and/or lack of rock dusting. The preshift and onshift records do not indicate that the corrective actions required to address the listed accumulations were taken. Although some corrective actions were listed, most instances where cleaning and dusting was listed as being needed do not indicate that the required corrective actions were adequately performed. The operator’s failure to immediately correct these hazardous conditions contributed to the death of 29 miners, disabling injuries to one miner, and serious injuries to another miner. Witness statements indicated that the belts were in need of cleaning and additional rock dusting. Investigators observed accumulations of combustible materials in the form of loose and compacted coal throughout the area affected by the explosion. Laboratory Analysis of the rock dust spot survey conducted by MSHA in the affected area after the April 5, 2010 explosion indicated significant non-compliance. The 166 explosion propagated throughout this area where records show cleaning and rock dusting was needed but was not performed. The operator engaged in aggravated conduct constituting more than ordinary negligence. This violation is an unwarrantable failure to comply with a mandatory standard. This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(2) Order No. 8431855, 30 CFR §75.364, S&S, Reckless Disregard The operator has engaged in a practice of failing to conduct adequate weekly examinations in the north area of the mine where an explosion occurred on April 5, 2010 which resulted in 29 fatalities. The inadequate weekly examinations occurred from January 1, 2010 up to the date of the explosion. Weekly examinations of this area conducted during this period failed to identify and correct obvious hazardous conditions, including accumulations of combustible materials, and failed to effectively evaluate the performance of the mine’s ventilation system. The practice includes violations of the following subsections of 75.364 that occurred between 01.01.2010 and 04.05.2010: Subsection 75.364(a) has been violated as follows: 1. Between 01.01.2010 through 04.05.2010, records show that the required weekly examinations of worked-out locations exceeded the required 7 days; 2. Evaluation Point (EP)-LW 1 (air entering Headgate 1 North to assure the headgate of the Longwall is ventilated) was last examined on 03.10.2010. An entry in the record for 03.16.2010 reflects that this EP is blocked with water and records do not indicate it was examined/or could be examined since that date; 3. Data downloaded from one examiner’s multi-gas detector indicates that the detector had not been turned on since 03.18.2010. Records indicate this examiner conducted numerous examinations at Bandytown fan, EP-LW 3 (where air exits Headgate 1 North), and EP-TG 1 (where air exits Tailgate 1 North) with his detector turned off; 4. There is no record of EP 65 (return of TG 22 entering Headgate 1 North) ever having been examined; 5. One of the five required air readings (#3 entry) for the EP-LW 2 (Tailgate 1 North) was never taken; 6. No air quality measurements were taken at MP A (intake side of Longwall at Headgate 1 North) and MP B (Longwall tail side of Tailgate 1 North); 7. Air Quantity measurements were not taken at Monitoring Point (MP) B since 03.20.2010. Subsection 75.364(b) has been violated as follows: 167 1. The intake split from the West Jarrells Mains to the return off HG 22, and the intake split traveling through old #2 section and crossover, located outby the Longwall, was not traveled; 2. The return split in the crossover between HG 22 and TG 22 was not traveled since 03.13.2010; 3. The intake split, #7 entry of Tailgate 1 North was not traveled since its plan approval on 03.11.2010. Subsection 75.364(c) has been violated as follows: 1. Air quantity measurements were not taken for 13 intake air splits; 2. Air quality and quantity measurements were not taken for five return air splits. Subsection 75.364(d) has been violated as follows: 1. The Operator has failed to immediately correct very obvious hazardous conditions that are present throughout ten air courses and two bleeders in the North area of the mine that existed prior to the mine explosion on 04.05.2010. Very obvious hazards of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust are present in numerous locations throughout the entries and crosscuts of the air courses that are required to be examined weekly. The explosion which occurred on 04.05.2010 propagated throughout these ten air courses and two bleeders. These areas that the explosion propagated through include intake and return air courses required to be traveled by the weekly examiner. This fire and explosion hazard was obvious to the most casual observer. 2. The Operator has failed to immediately correct areas where entry widths exceeded 21 feet for a distance of more than 5 feet, in 17 locations throughout various areas traveled by the weekly examiner. 3. Since 01.01.2010, hazardous conditions were listed in the weekly examination reports with no corrective action listed. Some of these same hazards were recorded for several consecutive weeks with no corrective action shown. For example, water accumulations in the longwall bleeders were recorded for eight consecutive weeks with no correction action noted. Subsection 75.364(f) has been violated as follows: The entry in the weekly examination record book on 03.16.2010 reflects that EP-LW1 was blocked by water and could not be examined. Although the entire mine could not be examined, persons continued to enter the mine and produce coal until the explosion on 04.05.2010. Subsection 75.364(h) has been violated as follows: The Operator failed to record hazardous conditions, their locations, corrective action taken, results and locations of air quality and quantity measurements at various times and various locations. The failure to identify and correct hazards in one area of the mine can result in injury or loss of life in another part of the mine, due to the confined nature of the underground mining environment. The operator’s practice of failing to conduct adequate weekly examinations, as well as the operator’s practice of failing to conduct adequate preshift 168 and on-shift examinations (as cited in 8431838 and 8227550), exposed miners to ongoing hazards. This practice of failing to conduct adequate weekly examinations and to identify and correct obvious hazardous conditions contributed to the explosion on April 5, 2010 and the resulting 29 deaths, disabling injuries to one miner, and serious injuries to another miner. The operator has engaged in aggravated conduct, constituting more than ordinary negligence. This is an unwarrantable failure to comply with a mandatory standard. This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A. T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(2) Order No. 8226115, 30 CFR §75.400, S&S, Reckless Disregard Loose coal, coal dust and float coal dust, was allowed to accumulate in active workings and on rock dusted surfaces. These accumulations of combustible materials existed throughout the following active workings inby survey spad station 19430: Old North Mains, Tailgate 1 North, Headgate 1 North, North Glory Mains, the Long Wall Face, Tail Gate 22 development section, Head Gate 22 development section, Jarrells Mains and the areas known as the Longwall cross over's. Accumulations ranged from a thin observable layer of float coal dust on belt structures, cribs and various other types of stationary equipment to as much as four feet deep in travelways. The accumulations extended up to the entire entry width and extended as much as 120 feet in length. Many of these accumulations were created during the initial development stages of the mining process. Observations of the cited accumulations are consistent with belt examination records and testimony provided by several miners. A mine explosion occurred on April 5, 2010 originating on the tailgate of the Longwall and propagating through these areas of the mine inby survey spad 19430. These accumulations of combustible material contributed to the deaths of 29 miners and the disabling injuries of one miner and the serious injuries to another. The cited accumulations were obvious, extensive and existed for an extended period of time. The conditions were evident to mine management due to the hundreds of weekly, preshift and onshift examinations that had been conducted by examiners and countersigned by upper management during the time the area was developed from March of 2005 to April 5, 2010. These conditions would be obvious to the most casual observer and would have been recorded by any prudent and diligent examiner. Based on the history of 75.400 violations and this mine being previously placed on a potential pattern of violations, the operator had been placed on notice that greater attention to compliance with 75.400 was needed. The lack of appropriate action to address this ongoing problem establishes that the operator has engaged in a practice of violating 75.400. This is an unwarrantable failure to comply with a mandatory standard. 169 This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(2) Order No. 8226116, 30 CFR §75.403, S&S, Reckless Disregard The operator has failed to adequately apply and maintain rock dust in such quantities that the incombustible content of the combined coal dust, rock dust, and other dust are not less than 65 per centum in intake air courses or 80 per centum in return air courses. Following a mine explosion on 04.05.2010 a mine dust survey was conducted by MSHA to determine the incombustible content of the combined coal dust, rock dust, and other dust in the mine. These survey samples provided a depiction of the pre-explosion incombustible content in the affected areas of the mine. MSHA divided the underground workings into 22 separate sampling areas beginning at survey spad 22382 along the Ellis Track entry and survey spad 7301 along the North Mains and extending inby to the deepest accessible portions of the mine affected by the explosion. Areas 18, 20, 21 and 22 inby the Longwall face were not accessible due to adverse roof conditions. Sampling locations were designated on a mine map for each area. Those locations were spaced every 500 feet in areas outby crosscut 67 of Old North Mains and approximately every 100 feet in areas inby crosscut 67. Sampling on 100-foot centers has been shown to offset any dust transport that may have occurred during an explosion. MSHA identified 2,207 locations for band sampling. If an area was too wet or inaccessible due to hazardous conditions, MSHA did not take a sample. Of the 2,207 intended sampling locations, MSHA took samples at 1,803 locations because actual mine conditions dictated that 404 locations were either too wet or otherwise inaccessible for sampling. MSHA sent all 1,803 samples for analysis to determine their incombustible content. Of the 1803 samples collected 1412 of the samples were non-compliant (78.31 percent). Of the 22 sampling areas designated by MSHA, flame propagated through 12 of these areas (area 5 at crosscut 67 and extending inby, and areas 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 19). Flame propagation could not be determined in areas 18, 20, 21 and 22 due to inability to collect samples. The flame propagation through these areas directly contributed to the deaths of 29 miners. The results of the 1353 mine dust samples collected by MSHA within the area encompassed by flame propagation (determined by the extent of coking found in the dust samples collected) show that the operator failed to adequately apply and maintain rock dust on the top, floor, and ribs of this underground coal mine. Of the 1353 total samples collected from the flame propagation area, 1225 were non-compliant (90.5 percent). The failure by the operator to adequately rock dust these areas of the mine allowed a coal dust explosion to propagate, resulting in the deaths of 29 miners and injuries to others. The operator has engaged in aggravated conduct and more than ordinary negligence by failing to adequately rock dust and maintain the incombustible content in these areas of the underground coal mine to control dangerously volatile 170 accumulations of combustible material. This is an unwarrantable failure to comply with a mandatory standard. This order is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(a) Citation No. 8227549, 30 CFR §75.1725(a), S&S, Moderate Negligence The operator has failed to maintain the JOY 7LS Longwall Shearer in safe operating condition. At least two worn bits were found on the outby bit ring on the drum. Both bits were clearly missing the carbide tip. These bits had noticeably large wear flats on them. An explosion occurred at this mine on 4/5/2010 that resulted in 29 fatalities. The most likely ignition source was the longwall shearer bits striking rock. Studies have shown that worn bits pose a significant ignition potential. This can occur when the steel shank of the bit strikes sandstone with a high quartz content and produces a hot molten streak. Studies have also shown that a well maintained tungsten carbide tip, when used with the proper attack and tip angles to prevent the steel shank from coming into contact with the sandstone, will greatly reduce the odds of a frictional ignition. Frictional heat from the worn bits striking rock is the most likely source of the ignition for the April 5, 2010 explosion. The failure to maintain the shearer in safe operating condition contributed to the deaths of 29 miners. This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(2) Order No. 8256726, 30 CFR §48.3, S&S, Reckless Disregard The mine operator failed to comply with the approved training plan in effect at the mine prior to April 5, 2010. The approved training plan, dated March 29, 2007, required training to be provided in several training programs, including experienced miner training, task training, and annual refresher training. The operator’s failures included: 1). Approximately 112 miners either did not receive experienced miner training or received incomplete experienced miner training. 2). Approximately 42 miners did not receive task training before performing the task as mobile equipment operators or performing other new job tasks. 3). Approximately 21 miners did not receive annual refresher training. 171 4). Approximately 22 miners received experienced miner training from individuals who were not MSHA-approved instructors. Nine different individuals certified these miners’ training records despite not being MSHA-approved instructors. Company audits conducted in September 2009 and October 2009 identified many of these failures, which put the operator on notice of its compliance problems. As of April 5, 2010, the operator had failed to correct or address most of these failures. Due to the operator's failure to comply with the mine's approved training plan, many miners did not receive training in hazard recognition, prevention of accidents, and the mine’s roof control and ventilation plans (including the mine’s methane and dust control plan for the longwall water spray system). The operator also failed to provide task training to many of its examiners, its rock dusting crew, and several miners who operated and maintained the longwall shearer. The underground conditions at the mine, including the extensive accumulations of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust, the lack of adequate rock dusting, and the poor condition of the longwall shearer, were present in part because of the operator’s failure to provide adequate training on identifying and correcting these hazardous conditions. These conditions contributed to the deaths of 29 miners on April 5, 2010. This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(2) Order No. 8227558, 30 CFR §75.370(a)(1), S&S, Reckless Disregard The mine operator failed to follow the approved ventilation plan in effect at the mine on April 5, 2010. The operator failed to comply with the methane and dust control plan portion of the approved ventilation plan approved on June 15, 2009 for the 050-0 MMU. The approved methane and dust control portion of the ventilation plan requires that the JOY 7LS Longwall shearer be equipped with 109 water sprays, with 43 water sprays on each drum. The plan further specified that these sprays operate at a minimum of 90 psi at each spray block. Evidence obtained during the investigation of an explosion accident revealed that the shearer was being operated with missing and clogged water sprays. Seven sprays on the tailgate drum were missing. As a result of the missing sprays, the pressure at the remaining sprays was significantly reduced below the 90 psi requirement. One function of the water sprays is to prevent a potential ignition source from frictional heat generated by the shearer bits striking rock. Such frictional heat from bits striking rock is the most likely source of the ignition for the April 5, 2010 explosion. The failure to comply with this plan requirement contributed to the deaths of 29 miners. 172 Operating the shearer with the missing sprays would have been obvious to casual observation. Testimony and company records indicate that operating the shearer with missing sprays was a practice at the mine. The operator has engaged in aggravated conduct constituting more than ordinary negligence. This is an unwarrantable failure to comply with a mandatory standard. Standard 75.370(a) (1) was cited 33 times in two years at mine 4608436 (33 to the operator, 0 to a contractor). This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(a) Citation No. 4900615, 30 CFR, §75.363(a), S&S, Moderate Negligence An employee of David Stanley Consultants LLC has failed to immediately correct or post with conspicuous "Danger" signs hazardous conditions observed and recorded during the examinations of the belt conveyor systems in the North area of the mine (the area of the mine affected by an explosion on 04.05.2010). From 03.05.2010 through 04.05.2010, David Stanley Consultants (YBV) employee William Campbell conducted 83 examinations along the conveyor belts affected by explosion. The record reflects that these conveyor belts needed rock dusting and/or cleaning. These hazardous conditions were almost never shown to be fully corrected or posted with conspicuous danger signs. David Stanley Consultants LCC's failure to immediately correct these hazardous conditions contributed to the death of 29 miners, disabling injuries to one miner, and serious injuries to another miner. Witness statements indicated that the belts were in need of cleaning and additional rock dusting. Investigators observed accumulations of combustible materials in the form of loose coal and compacted coal throughout the areas affected by the explosion. Laboratory Analysis of the rock dust spot survey conducted by MSHA in the affected areas after the April 5, 2010 explosion indicate significant non-compliance. The explosion propagated throughout areas where records show cleaning and rock dusting was needed but was not performed. This citation is being issued to the following entities as a unitary operator: Performance Coal Company, Massey Coal Services, Inc., A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., and Massey Energy Company. 104(d)(1) Citation No. 8431839, 30 CFR, §75.360, S&S, High Negligence An employee of David Stanley Consultants LLC has failed to conduct adequate preshift examinations in the North area of the mine where an explosion occurred on April 5, 2010 which resulted in 29 fatalities and serious injuries to two miners. This employee of David Stanley Consultants performed inadequate preshift examinations for several months prior to the explosion. 173 The inadequate examinations include violations of the following subsections of 75.360: (b) Over many shifts, the employee of David Stanley Consultants failed to adequately examine the areas along the travelways from the Ellis Portal to the three working sections: headgate 22, tailgate 22, and the longwall. The examiner failed to identify very obvious hazardous conditions throughout the examined areas. For example, accumulation of loose coal, coal dust, and float coal dust were present in the entries and crosscuts throughout these areas. Additionally, entry widths exceeded the required widths of the approved roof control plan in at least 16 locations. (g) The examiner conducted preshift examinations on the tailgate 22 section, headgate 22 section, intake rooms off the North Mains and Glory Hole Mains, and travelways/track entries. For these locations, the examiner repeatedly failed to record the results of the required air quality checks. The failure to identify, record and correct hazards in one area of the mine can result in injury or loss of life in another part of the mine, due to the confined nature of the underground mining environment. The contractor’s failure to conduct adequate preshift examinations exposed miners to ongoing hazards. This failure to conduct adequate preshift examinations and to identify and correct obvious hazardous conditions contributed to the explosion on April 5, 2010 and the resulting 29 deaths, disabling injuries to one miner, and serious injuries to another miner. The contractor engaged in aggravated conduct constituting more than ordinary negligence. This violation is an unwarrantable failure to comply with a mandatory standard. 174 APPENDIX A LIST OF DECEASED AND INJURED MINERS Appendix A Deceased Miners Name Carl C. Acord Jason M. Atkins Christopher L. Bell, Sr. Gregory S. Brock Kenneth A. Chapman Robert E. Clark Charles T. Davis Cory T. Davis Michael L. Elswick William I. Griffith Steven J. Harrah Edward D. Jones Richard K. Lane William R. Lynch Joe Marcum Ronald L. Maynor Nicolas D. McCroskey James E. Mooney Adam K. Morgan Rex L. Mullins Joshua S. Napper Howard D. Payne Dillard E. Persinger Joel R. Price Gary W. Quarles, Jr. Deward A. Scott Grover D. Skeens Benny R. Willingham Ricky L. Workman Age 52 25 33 47 53 41 51 20 56 54 40 50 45 59 57 31 26 51 21 50 26 53 32 55 33 58 57 61 31 Position Roof Bolter Operator Roof Bolter Operator Longwall Utility Electrician Roof Bolter Operator Continuous Miner Operator Longwall Foreman Underground Apprentice Beltman/Fireboss Continuous Miner Operator Assistant Mine Foreman Assistant Mine Foreman Longwall Foreman Shuttle Car Operator Continuous Miner Operator Scoop Operator Electrician Shuttle Car Operator Underground Apprentice Headgate Operator Underground Apprentice Roof Bolter Operator Shield Operator Shearer Operator Shearer Operator Shuttle Car Operator Maintenance Foreman Roof Bolter Operator Shuttle Car Operator Injured Miners Timothy Blake James K. Woods 56 54 Roof Bolter Operator Electrician 20. 2m wommIOrm _n>Z SD D: L>_N_Nm_u_um w: IDDTD A ZOWAI . 20. 2m D: DODDIODD r EDD 27% D: 000 $5 r Eszm 27000 oozzcza?azm DODDIODD ANXVAQ D: Do> w: mm 00% v>zmr zpmomOmmosmm/ 2 b0 00 D000 Q00 w: m> 00 EFQED DMD DZOZHI rOzms?Fr DD EMDD I?0000 TDD $53.2 203: nun. I we? \d v>zm_. 20. A exemmormU DWDUD 0mm DD DD Dm 3% ammo w>mm=00% D73gamma 0 0000 co co 2 Av 00 000 ?Homoam ooWoAMoowvoo 000 0% #000 000va 2047 Av 0% ?0 00 mwyu ?5 Ay?ww? AV 4 Amv A0 00 waawD; 009g ,,acawug D00 000 o%vo%onv& 7? AV 0 0 0000 W. 00 000070 0%o 00000000 $mc>mo 10cmm @0000 0000 oo oo 00 90 as 47 000% oo omoo 00 000000 00 oo o, 0.0\ ?00000000 A Avkova 0 Do coo 00 000000 00 a cc 5000.00 0 00 00% co 0 0000 00 09 $0$v00 3? 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Goo. 8322 oma IOrm m?cmz 2m Umloljosom 009 003 o: .6: . v\ mooa "moo 20. qulomuwwm APPENDIX LIST OF CORPORATE STRUCTURE AND EMPLOYEES ALPHA APPALACHIA HOLDINGS, INC.- 10-K- 20100301 -FORM Page I of 179 UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORMlO-K (Mark One) IRl ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 OR 0 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACTOF1934 For the transition period from to Commission File No. 001-07775 MASSEY ENERGY COMPANY (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 95-0740960 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) 4 North 4th Street, Richmond, Virginia (Address of principal executive offices) 23219 (Zip Code) Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (804) 788-1800 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common Stock, $0.625 par value Name of each exchange on which registered New York Stock Exchange Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by cheCk mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes 0 No D Indicate by check mark ifthe registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes D No 0 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (I) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file No D such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes 0 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes 0 NoD Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. D Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" "non-accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 ofthe Exchange Act (Check One): Large accelerated filer 0 Accelerated filer D Non-accelerated filer 0 Smaller reporting company D (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes D 0 ALPHA APPALACHIA HOLDINGS, INC.- 10-K- 20100301- DIRECTORS_AND_O... Page 1 of4 Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Executive Officers of the Registrant Don L. Blankenship, Age 59 Mr. Blankenship has been a director since 1996. He has been Chairman and Chief Executive Officer since November 2000 and also held the position of President from November 2000 nntil November 2008. He has been Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of A.T. Massey Coal Company, Inc., our wholly owned and sole, direct operating subsidiary, since 1992 and served as its President from 1992 until November 2008. Mr. Blankenship was formerly President and Chief Operating Officer from 1990 to 1991 and President of our subsidiary, Massey Coal Services, Inc., from 1989 to 1991. He joined our · · · · · · · · · · subsidia Raw] Sales & Pro Chamber of Commerce. Baxter F. Phillips, Jr., Age 63 Mr. Phillips has been a director since 2007. He has been President since November 2008. Mr. Phillips previously served as Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer from November 2004 to November 2008, as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from September 2003 to November 2004 and as Vice President and Treasurer from 2000 to August 2003. Mr. Phillips joined us in 1981 and has also served in the roles of Corporate Treasurer, Manager of Export Sales and Corporate Human Resources Manager, among others. J. Christopher Adkins, Age 46 Mr. Adkins has been Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer since July 2003. Mr. Adkins joined our subsidiary, Raw] Sales & Processing Co., in 1985 to work in underground mining. Since that time, he has served as section foreman, plant supervisor, President and Vice President of several subsidiaries, President of our Eagle Energy subsidiary, Director of Production of Massey Coal Services, Inc. and Vice President of Underground Production. Mark A. Clemens, Age 43 Mr. Clemens has been Senior Vice President, Group Operations since July 2007. From January 2003 to July 2007, Mr. Clemens was President of Massey Coal Services, Inc. Mr. Clemens was formerly President of Independence Coal Company, Inc., one of our operating subsidiaries, from 2000 through December 2002 and our Corporate Controller from 1997 to 1999. Mr. Clemens has held a number of other accounting positions and has been with us since 1989. Michael K. Snelling, Age 53 Mr. Snelling has been Vice President, Surface Operations of our subsidiary, Massey Coal Services, Inc. since June 2005. Mr. Snelling was formerly Director of Surface Mining of Massey Coal Services, Inc. from July 2003 until May 2005. Mr. Snelling joined us in 2000 and has served us in a variety of capacities, including President of our subsidiary, Nicholas Energy Co. Prior to joining us, Mr. Snelling held various positions in the coal industry including engineer, production supervisor, plant supervisor, general foreman, manager of contract mining, superintendent, mine manager and vice president of operations. Michael D. Bauersachs, Age 45 Mr. Bauersachs has been Vice President, Planning since May 2005. Mr. Bauersachs joined us in 1998, and served as Director of Acquisitions from 1998 until2005. Prior to joining us, Mr. Bauersachs held various positions with Zeigler Coal Holding Company and Arch Mineral Corporation. Jeffrey M Gillenwater, Age 45 Mr. Gillenwater has been Vice President, Human Resources since January 2009. In October 1999, Mr. Gillenwater became Director of Human Resources at our Massey Coal Services, Inc. subsidiary, and held the position of Director of External Affairs & Administration from October 2002 until January 2009. Prior to October 2002 he held the position of Human Resources Manager at several of our subSidiaries. 95 ALPHA APPALACHIA HOLDINGS, INC.- 10-K- 20100301- DIRECTORS_AND_O... Page 2 of4 Richard R. Grinnan, Age 4 I Mr. Grinnan has been Vice President and Corporate Secretary since May 2006. He served as Senior Corporate Counsel from July 2004 until May 2006. Prior to joining us, Mr. Grinnan was a corporate and securities attorney at the Jaw fum of McGuire Woods LLP in Richmond, Virginia from August 2000 until July 2004. M Shane Harvey, Age 40 Mr. Harvey has been Vice President and General Counsel since January 2008. He served as Vice President and Assistant General Counsel from November 2006 until January 2008 and as Corporate Counsel and Senior Corporate Counsel fromAri · · ···, ey PLLC in Charleston, West Virginia from May 1994 until April 2000. Jeffrey M Jarosinski, Age 50 Mr. Jarosinski was appointed Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Compliance Officer in February 2009. Prior to that he served as Vice President, Finance since 1998 and Chief Compliance Officer since December 2002. From 1998 through December 2002, Mr. Jarosinski was Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Jarosinski was formerly Vice President, Taxation from 1997 to 1998 and Assistant Vice President, Taxation from 1993 to 1997. Mr. Jarosinskijoined us in 1988. John M Poma, Age 45 Mr. Poma has been Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer since January 2009. Mr. Poma previously served as Vice President, Human Resources from April 2003 to January 2009. Mr. Poma served as Corporate Counsel from 1996 until 2000 and as Senior Corporate Counsel from 2000 through March 2003. Prior to joining us in 1996, Mr. Poma was an employment attorney with the law firms of Midkiff & Hiner in Richmond, Virginia and Jenkins, Fenstermaker, Krieger, Kayes & Farrell in Huntington, West Virginia. St(!)le E. Sears, Age 61 Mr. Sears has been Vice President, Sales and Marketing, and President of our subsidiary Massey Coal Sales Company, Inc. since December 2008. Mr. Sears served as President of Massey Industrial and Utility Sales, a division of Massey Coal Sales Company, Inc., from December 2006 to December 2008. Mr. Sears has held various positions within the sales department. He joined us in !981. Eric B. Tolbert, Age 42 Mr. Tolbert has been Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since November 2004. Mr. Tolbert served as Corporate Controller from 1999 to 2004. He joined us in 1992 as a financial analyst and subsequently served as Director of Financial Reporting. Prior to joining us, Mr. Tolbert worked for the public accounting firm Arthur Andersen from 1990 to 1992. David W. Owings, Age 36 Mr. Owings has been Corporate Controller and principal accounting officer since November 2004. Mr. Owings previously served as Manager of Financial Reporting since joining us in 200 I. Prior to joining us, Mr. Owings worked at Ernst & Young LLP, the Company's independent registered public accounting fum, serving as a manager from January 2001 through September 2001 and as a senior auditor from October 1998 through January 2001 in the Assurance and Advisory Business Services group. The following information is incorporated by reference from our defmitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A, which will be filed not later than 120 days after the close of Massey's fiscal year ended December 31, 2009: Information regarding the directors required by this item is found under the heading Election ofDirectors . Information regarding our Audit Conunittee required by this item is found under the heading Committees of the Board. 96 ALPHA APPALACHIA HOLDINGS, INC. - 10-K 20100301 - Page 3 of 4 ALPHA APPALACHIA HOLDINGS, INC.- 10-K- 20100301- DIRECTORS_AND_O... Page 4 of4 Infonnation regarding Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance required by this item is found under the heading Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance . Infonnation regarding our Code of Ethics required by this item is found under the heading Code ofEthics . Because Common Stock is listed on the NYSE, our chief executive officer is required to make, and he has made, an annual certification to the NYSE stating that he was not aware of any violation by us of the corporate governance listing standards of the NYSE. Our chief executive officer made his armual certification to that effect to the NYSE as of May 21, 2009. In addition, we have filed, as exhibits to this annual report on Fonn 10-K, the certifications of our principal executive officer and principal fmancial officer required under Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of2002 to be filed with the SEC regarding the uali of our ublic disc los APPENDIX LIST OF PERSONNEL WHO EXERCISED THEIR FIFTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS Appendix D List of Personnel who Exercised their Fifth Amendment Rights Adkins, Chris Asbury, Rob Blanchard, Chris Blankenship, Don Chamberlin, Elizabeth Clay, Greg* Ferguson, Jamie Frampton, Gary Foster, Rick Hager, Everett Lilly, Eric May, Gary McCombs, Paul Moore, Terry Nicolau, Rick** Persinger, Wayne Roles, Jack Ross, Bill Whitehead, Jason *Participated in one interview prior to asserting his Fifth Amendment rights when requested to come in for second interview. **Initially asserted his Fifth Amendment rights then agreed to a voluntary interview at a later date. APPENDIX MINE RESCUE PERSONNEL AND TEAMS RESPONDING Appendix E Mine Rescue Personnel and Teams Responding The following teams participated in the UBB rescue and recovery. This list does not include members of the State or Federal teams or members of Task Force One. While not individually identified, their valuable contribution is appreciated. Brooks Run Mining Company Brooks Run North Chris Ray Pat Chapman Teddy Sharp Jeff Bennett Leslie Clutter Kevin Bennett Curt Clevinger Steve Dawson Bobby Clutter Brad Cable Pete Tanner Mike McGinnis Greg Spaulding Johnny Brown Mark Lovins Zendil Nichols Neil Stepp Stan Wonnell Jarrod Cisco Eric Varney Mark Jerasonek Gary Brooks Ryan Haga Greg Fernett David Birchfield Jarrod Birchfield Larry Helmick Shawn Tinchell Nick Huddleston Oscar Hughes, Jr. Jason Stone Rock Springs Rock Springs - Gold Dave Cook Thomas Marcum Dennis Horn Rock Springs Rock Springs - Blue Greg Stepp Paul Messer Elmer Perry Kingston Resources Kingston - White Daniel Bragg George Smith Matt Price Kingston Resources Kingston - Red Phillip Saunders John Crump Ernie Watkins Cobra Natural Resources Cobra Doug Blankenship Paul McCloud Terry Lambert James Murray Chuck Childress Brad Birchfield Roosevelt Payne Todd Collins Otto Bryant Burns Diamond Brooks Run Mining Company Brooks Run South Ken Perdue Joe Wyatt James Greer Travis Grimmett Garreth Hubbard David Booth Darnell Baker Ronald Vance Rages Matney Wolf Run Mining Company Wolf Run - Blue Al Schoonover Kermitt Melvin Craig Zirkle Everette Kalbough George Brooks Marty Conrad Brian Wachob Wolf Run Mining Company Wolf Run - White Joe Runyon Mike DeLauder Brad Shoulders Travis Anderson Brandon Triplett Jeff Kelley Chris Chisolm Shon Sublett Scott Boylen ICG Knott County, LLC Hazard - Flint Ridge - Blue Ron Hughes Charles Smith Jimmy Adams Joe Tussey George Gilbert John Collins Randy Feltner Tony Osborne Lathan McIntosh Tony Pennington Scott Thompson ICG Knott County, LLC Knott County, LLC - White Clark Meade William Sloan Rick Sturgill David McGuire Daniel Boggs Brandon Tackett Marty Mitchell John Swiney Steven Johnson ICG Beckley, LLC Beckley - Black George Gibson Mike Gosnell Eddie Persinger Jamie McClaugherty Mike Robinson Rodney Smith James Griswold Roy Smith John Lucas Kevin Burnette Zach Bowman Gary Patterson Tim Fleeman Harry McGinnis Richard Matheney Justin Scott John Toothman Mark Gouzd Kermit Rex Osborne Matt Green Travis Miller Kevin Wriston Greg Lukacs Jim Richey Justin Billups Breton Crouse Daniel R. Hudson Shawn Smith Harvey Ferrell Terreal Blankenship Greg Fillinger Travis Lett Thad Williams Terry Hudson ICG Beckley, LLC Beckley - Gold Raymond Coleman Ron Barr Jeff Varney Richie Henderson Federal #2 John Sabo Tyler Peddicord Bert Matheney Gary McHenry Southern Appalachia David Blankenship Steve B. Southern Joe Runyon Chris Green Magnum Michael Balser Randy Boggs Robert Samuel Goodyear Aaron Price Frank Foster Cumberland Resources Corporation Black Mountain Resources Kentucky - Blue Ronnie Biggerstaff Randy Watts Eddie Spangler Don Walker Kevin Harris Donnie Thomas Jack Quillen Raymond Sturgill Tim Turner Kentucky - White Jason Brown Reno Johnson Tom Asbury Roger Gilliam David Patterson Tim Kiser Tony Lloyd Cumberland Resources Corporation Cumberland Resources Virginia - Maroon Andy Anunson Robbie Middleton Billy Sluss Larry Hall Johnny Dishner Kevin Baldwin David Arnold James Ramey Tommy Asbury Jesse Moore Shane Gibson Vernon Brian Keith Adam Phillips Virginia - Black Travis Mullins Casey Mooneyham Chad Lane Southern Pocahontas 1 and 2 Dewayne Blankenship Don Cook Eric Lowery Raymond Simpson Eddie Toler Miles Blankenship Johnny Goodman Jonathan Mounts Jamie Sloan Randy Wright Donnie Coleman Pat Graham Sampy Owens Jordan Smith Dave Boggs William Holcomb Jason McKinney Bryan Petrosky Tony Shields Cary Fitzwater Mike Hutchinson Robbie Ortiz Nathan Sharp Christopher Stewart Mountaineer 1 and 2 J. Dale Adkins Logan Griffin George Lawson John Parsons Burge Speilman Michael Travis Massey Southern WV 1 and 2 Rob Asbury Mike Alexander Jason Castle Casey Campbell Mark Bolen Jamie Ferguson Chris Adkins Jim Aurednik James Thomas Scotty Kinder Charles Kingery Clinton Craddock John Click Shane McPherson Larry Ferguson Tommy Dove Duane Thaxton Jeremy McClung Elizabeth Chamberlin Sidney Coal Company, Inc. Massey East Kentucky Charlie Conn Matt Owens Jimmy Stanley Mike Plumley John Ball Scotty Ernest John Reed Paul Adkins Steve Miller Tim Adkins Knox Creek Coal Corporation Massey Knox Creek Mark Jackson Chris Wilson Matt Gates Dave Elswick Lanny Hart Brad Hawkins Daniel Orr Ed Rudder Allen Dupree Chris Presley Jeff Ellis Randy McMillion Brian Keaton Mark Schuerger Don King Other Activities Mike Vaught John Gallick Perry Whitely Joe Pugh APPENDIX UBB BOREHOLES APPENDIX UBB BOREHOLES Appendix F UBB Boreholes Borehole Name Date Borehole Started Date Borehole Stopped Location Crosscut Depth 1A 4/06/10 4/07/10 HG 22 35 1,099 1B 4/06/10 4/08/10 HG 22 Missed 1094 1B 4/22/10 4/28/10 HG 22 35 1100 HG 22 Abandoned HG 22 Abandoned 95 West Jarrells Mains 161 1,151 West Jarrells Mains 161 1,255 (Redrilled) 1C 4/7/10 1C 4/17/10 2A 4/7/2010 2B 4/11/10 4/23/10 2C 4/11/10 4/21/2010 2D 5/21/2010 5/26/10 North Jarrells Mains 155 900 5B 4/08/10 4/10/2010 HG 22 Abandoned 1,005 10A 4/08/10 4/09/10 HG 22 Missed 1,130 15B 4/16/2010 4/22/10 North Jarrells Mains 142 1,259 8A 4/29/2010 5/07/10 TG 22 5 1,251 6/06/10 Headgate 1 North 34 ~1,160 5/04/10 Headgate 1 North 78 1,290 HG 21-1 HG 21-2 4/28/2010 4/20/2010 West Jarrells Abandoned Mains 100 APPENDIX ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION PROTOCOLS Performance Coal Company Upper Big Branch Mine-South Accident Investigation U.S. Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administration 1301 Airport Road Beaver, West Virginia 25813-9426 State of West Virginia Office of Miners’ Health Safety and Training 1615 Washington Street, East Charleston, West Virginia 25311-2126 Upper Big Branch Mine – South – Accident Investigation Protocols The underground portion of the investigation being conducted at Upper Big Branch Mine – South of the April 5, 2010 explosion accident will be conducted pursuant to the following investigation protocols. The parties involved in the underground portion of the investigation include: The Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA); the State of West Virginia, Office of Miners’ Health, Safety and Training (OMHS&T); the State of West Virginia Governor’s Independent Investigation Panel (GIIP); Performance Coal Company, including Massey Energy and any of its related entities (the Company); and duly recognized representatives of the miners of the Upper Big Branch Mine, including the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA). General Protocols 1. The underground investigation will consist of the following teams: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. Five Mapping Teams; Ten Mine Dust Survey Teams; Three Electrical Teams; Three Photography Teams; One Flames and Forces Team; One Geologic Mapping Team; One Evidence Gathering Team. MSHA and OMHS&T may add additional teams as necessary. 2. Each investigation team will consist of at least one MSHA representative and at least one OMHS&T representative. One Company representative, one GIIP representative, and one miner’s representative may accompany each team. Additional members may accompany the team at the discretion of the MSHA and OMHS&T representative(s). 3. The members of each team will remain together at all times while inside the mine. 4. Prior to traveling underground each day, specific assignments will be given to each team by MSHA’s Accident Investigation Team, in consultation with the OMHS&T team. 5. The members of each team may take notes during the investigation. Mapping Protocols 6. One map only shall be produced by each Mapping Team for each area of the mine. All team members shall sign and date the map when completed. It is anticipated that copies will be made at the conclusion of each shift. They will be distributed to each investigation team. 7. The originals will be retained by MSHA. Mine Dust Survey Protocols 8. For purposes of the mine dust survey, the underground workings in or near the area affected by the explosion have been partitioned into 22 separate sections. Each of the Mine Dust Survey Teams will be assigned one or more of these sections of the mine to take MSHA compliant mine dust samples. 9. All 22 section locations are marked on a single map that is included in the packages provided to each Mine Dust Survey Team. The provided package also contains one or more individual section maps that are applicable to each individual Mine Dust Survey Team. The section maps clearly indicate the sample locations where that particular team is responsible for taking samples. 10. Only MSHA representatives will take samples. MSHA anticipates that on many occasions, it will obtain excess materials in its samples; in such cases, it will share this excess with the parties so that they may perform their own tests should they so desire. 11. Samples are to be taken at each location near to the center of the pillar. In the event that water, debris, or other obstruction prevents an acceptable sample from being taken at the center of the pillar, it is acceptable to relocate the sample to within 20 feet of the original location on either side of the centerline of the pillar. This provides for a length of 40 feet along each pillar in which an acceptable sample can be obtained. The MSHA and OMHS&T representative(s) will decide where to precisely take each sample. 12. Sample tags shall be filled out at each sample location. The tag must indicate the sample location and the type of sample taken. 13. If no acceptable sample can be obtained within the 40 feet length, a sample tag shall still be completed that includes the location identification. Also, the reason for no sample shall be designated on the tag. 14. If any Mine Dust Survey Team completes the sampling requirements for their assigned section or sections, then they can provide assistance to any other Team that has not yet completed their sampling. 15. Sampling bags and tags will be provided to each Team. 16. Evidence is not to be disturbed during the sampling process. 17. Samples are to be taken out of the mine at the end of the shift. All samples are to be transferred to the custody of MSHA’s investigators on the Evidence Gathering Team. The Evidence Gathering Team will store all samples in a secure location. Electrical Protocols 18. The primary purpose of the Electrical Teams will be to analyze circuits and equipment in proximity to the point of origin in order to identify potential ignition sources. 19. Machine mounted methane monitors from all working sections will be tested in place and/or taken into custody by MSHA for further testing. 20. Electrical equipment and circuits not in proximity to the point of origin will be examined by MSHA and OMHS&T electrical specialists to collect evidence and to assess compliance with the requirements of 30 CFR and state law. Photography Protocols 21. No photographs other than the official team photographs will be taken by any party. Only MSHA or OMHS&T representatives will take photographs for each team. 22. The MSHA and OMHS&T persons on each Photography Team are responsible for determining which photographs to take. GIIP, Company, and Miner’s Representatives may request additional photographs. MSHA and OMHS&T will make good faith efforts to take these requested photographs. 23. A Photography Team will specifically photograph evidence to be removed from the mine for investigative purposes. The MSHA representative(s) on this Photography Team will also act as the MSHA representative(s) on the Evidence Collection and Testing Team. 24. When requested, a Photography Team will travel with the Flames and Forces Team and will take photographs of any item designated by the MSHA or OMHS&T representatives on the Flames and Forces Team. 25. A Photography Team will be responsible for taking photographs of damage to ventilation controls, equipment, and other items of interest in the extended area affected by explosion forces, as determined by the Accident Investigation Team. 26. From the time that any Photography Team enters the mine, methane will be continuously monitored at their location. In the event that the methane concentration reaches 1% or greater, all camera equipment will be moved to a location with less than 1% methane and all photography work will cease until the methane concentration is reduced to less than 1%. 27. All photographs will be retained by MSHA. While underground, GIIP, Company, and Miner’s Representatives Photography Team members may spend a reasonable time reviewing photographs taken on the digital screen after they are taken. MSHA anticipates providing GIIP, the Company, and Miner’s Representatives copies of each photograph on a disk (or via similar method) at the conclusion of each shift. Should this not be feasible on particular occasions, MSHA will provide copies within 24 or 48 hours after they have been taken. Flames and Forces Protocols 28. The primary purpose of the Flames and Forces Team is to: a. Determine the extent of flame; b. Determine the magnitude and direction of the primary forces; c. Determine the location of the origin of the explosion; d. Determine the fuel consumed in the explosion; and e. Assist in identifying the source of ignition. Geological Mapping Protocols 29. Locations for photographs will be annotated on the map, and a Photography Team will accompany the Geologic Mapping Team upon completion of the geologic mapping to collect photographs in annotated areas. Photograph collection will be at the direction of the MSHA and OMHS&T geologic mapping team member. 30. Geologic mapping will be performed by the MSHA and/or OMHS&T representative. One map only shall be produced by the Geological Mapping Team for each area of the mine. All team members shall sign and date the map when completed. It is anticipated that copies will be made at the conclusion of each shift. They will be distributed to each investigation team. 31. Individual members on the Geological Mapping Team are responsible for their own notes regarding observations and interpretations of geologic or stress features, which may be kept separate from the map. Evidence Gathering Protocols 32. Evidence will be identified by MSHA and OMHS&T investigators and tagged with reflective markers, if necessary. 33. Only the Evidence Gathering Team will gather evidence. Other teams may identify and flag evidence for referral to the Evidence Gathering Team. 34. After a Photography Team photographs the designated evidence, the Evidence Gathering Team will place the evidence in containers to be removed from the mine. 35. All evidence tagged, photographed, and removed from the mine property will require Chain of Custody sheets to be completed. 36. Upon removal from the underground areas of the mine, evidence will be placed in a secure location on the surface area of the mine for transport to storage or testing facilities. 37. MSHA and OMHS&T shall maintain custody and control over the items they have received or taken at all times unless release of the items is necessary for the purpose of allowing testing by an outside laboratory. In such an event, MSHA and OMHS&T shall agree on the best means to ensure that adequate custody is maintained. Except as set out below, MSHA and OMHS&T shall also protect and preserve the items in their custody in the same condition as when the items were received from the Company. 38. While at any MSHA or OMHS&T facility, each and every item shall be kept secure and access shall be limited to only those persons necessary to conduct tests and examinations of the items. 39. All parties will be notified within 48 hours (or another reasonable time frame if not possible) of any tests to be conducted on evidence, the locations and dates where evidence testing is to occur, and any other relevant information, and given an opportunity to attend the testing. The parties will be provided with testing protocols relating to the particular evidence at issue prior to the testing whenever possible, and will be given an opportunity to provide input into the testing procedures to be followed. This provision shall not apply to testing on rock dust samples. 40. Should MSHA or the OMHS&T so request, the Company will maintain control and custody over any item returned to it pursuant to the same conditions listed above for a period of time to be specified by MSHA or the OMHS&T. 41. Team members shall consult with each other prior to the removal of physical evidence. MSHA or OMHS&T shall map the area prior to the removal of physical evidence. APPENDIX POST-ACCIDENT MAPPING TEAM MAP CAN BE FOUND IN THE BACK OF THE BINDER 20824 0 20820 0 20825 0 20823 0 20821 0 20822 0 20819 0 20826 0 20828 0 plastic, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat plastic, heat 165 20813 0 curtain, heat bucket, heat curtain, hea plastic, heat 7 208120 205330 [can, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat 208160 205320 plastic, heat plastic, heat plastic, heat plastic, heat plastic, heat - I plastic, heat 20536 0 plastic, heat 7 plastic, heat heat plastic, heat 20817 0 20814 0 plastic, heat plastic, heat\ plastic, heat 20534 0 208080 jug, heat xbucket, heat curtain, heat lid, heat bucket, heat lid, heat plastic, heat rag, heat 20807 0 C) v-4 20689 0 208050 rope, heat\ curtain, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat lid, heat plastic, heat mandoor frame strap, heat tape, heat] roof plate, heck curtain, heat plastic, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat 20692 0 curtain, heat curtain, heat 20803 0 metal, heat Mic, heat 20690 0 I plastic, heatA plastic, heat /\plastic, hay 020537 I straps, heat 20818 0 20815 0 by. 208020 plastic, heat plastic, heat\ 7 plastic, heat plastic, h? 20687 0 /curtain, heatX lid, heat curtain, heat can, heat mandoor 206880 AEEI distribution box 30917?809 20810 0 020801 plastic, heat glove, heat L, plastic, heat 020809 plastic, heat plastic, he? 0 20806 plastic, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat rbottle, heat /?emergency sled plastic, heat supply car IVA {5 blocks intact curtain, heat 20699 0 curtain, heat plastic, heat 20684 0 20691 0 equipment door frame equipment door plastic, heat 20663 0 electrical distribution box 20678 0 bucket, heat plastic, heat plastic, heat plastic, heat bucket, heat plastic, heat 7 20686 0 bucket, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat 20679 0 20676 0 plastic, heat plastic, heat 4 equipment door equipment door plastic, heat r: 0 020693 curtain, heat equipment door frame plastic, heat 20680 0 bucket, heat 20677 0/ plastic, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat 20672 0 date boa? 20671 0 plastic, heat /-10 blocks intact curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat plastic, heat WEST JARRELLS MAINS curtain, heat curtain, heat water pump plastic, heat bottle, heat bottle, heat I. mandoor 20670 0 mandoor 206630 206470 paper, heat Kmandoor 206450 lid, heat mandoor frame plastic, heat 20646 0 LO LO v??4 /?plastiC, heat /?plastic, heat curtain, heat plastic, heat 0 20661 20658 0 bottle, heat bottle, mandoor frame/ \?plastic, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat 20657 020636 heat 020637 mandoor strap, heat plastic, heat 020634 curtain, heat curtain, heat plastic, heat \plastic, heat mandoor frame plastic, heat cardboard, heat mandoor tape, heat- plastic, heat lid, heat ?0 ll I plastic, heat curtain, heat plastic, heat 020651 curtain, heat plastic, heat 0 20652 020642 lid, heat\ 20630 0 curtain, heat curtain, heat] 20629 0 h.v guard, heat bucket, heat rope, heat hanger, hea 020619 plastic plastic, heat curtain, heat heat 0 20660 bucket, heat plastic, heat straps, heat cable stra bucket, heat heat mandoor handle bucket, heat p, heat lid, heat straps, heat bucket, heat *3 0 flypad, heat 6 /??curtain, heat 3 curtain, heat lid, heat strap, heat 0 20649 strap, heat buckets, heat strap, heat curtain, heat cable, heat heat ?0 rag, strap, heat curtain, heat mandoor frame hanger, heat bucket, heat in date board plastic, heat paper, heat curtain, heat \strap, heat bucket, heat 205350 020604 020611 020800 020696 020694 206620 206540 206380 bucket. heat .l lid, heat I: cable? heat plastic, heat 1 0 . I: c, a curtain, heat? curtom? heat mandoor bUCket? heat curtain heat a curtain, heat I: . 8 . . -: curtain, heate I'd' heat 0 light fixture, heat? hanger, heat bottle, heat can, heat AMS strap, heat\ fourtoin, heat ii. rope, heat curtain, heat 5 fCUFtOin. heat /??bucket, heat lid, heat . :2 paper, heat curtain, heat strap, heat rtrickle duster -- 0 e? ea Ild, heat strap heat hanger, heat strap, heat 22 I: 6 i 2 paper, heat /?curtain, heat a; bucket, heat . wire, heat stra heat curtain, heat our ain, ea p? strap, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat curtam? heat . ?2 4 blocks intact lid, heat UC 6? 60 0 strap, heat 0 0 0 curtain, heat 0 - curtain, hea plastic, heat curtain, heat trap heat I cardboard, heat 5 Strap, heat I bucket, heat 3 . curtain, heat cordb?c'rd' heat Strap, heat laminated paper, heat lid heat Jug? heat plastic, heat 1 . /?00n: heat to strap, heat curtain, heat lid heat 2 ?9 8 curtain, heat strap, heat hose. heat cardboard, . 3 bucket, heat heat IICI, heat strap, heat curtam? heat \?plastic, heat curtain, heat roof plate, heat /?rag, heat . I hmettc'l? heat torque wrench heat heat bucket, heat 9 mandoor strap, heat ?0 3 3 shuttle car/ Joy 103C roof mesh, heat - 4 plastic, heat 8 bucket, heat plastic, heat- jug, heat strap, heat-/ parts car . lid, heat jontingousummer bucket, heat oy cm 4657 man Cor rame\ lid, heat- strap. heat heat rd strap, heat equipment door equipment door frame ea /-Str0P, heat eQuiPment door Paper: heat bucket, heat curtain, heat mandoor bucket, heat 5 3 strap, heat heat Strap heat bucket, heat buckets, heat CO bucket, heat :3 in paper, heat heat paper, heat ?3 23 bottle, heat I: . glove, heat plastic, heat 50? 100? 150? 200? curta'r? he? 3i :1 MATCH TO MAP #4 Straps' heat :3 plastic, heat 2: 0 ?3 22 CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR TRACK ID I I DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED DOOR WATER KENNEDY METAL STOPPING . REGULATOR DEBRIS FIELD DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR PARTIALLY INTACT CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED REGULATOR OVERCAST DAMAGED OVERCAST CONVEYOR BELT REIT FALL 12345 CONVEYOR BELT WITH ROOF ROOF SPAD NUMBER LEGEND Scale 1?=50? MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED ITEMS. Mapp Upper Big Perform MSHA ng c? the Nlne Branch Mine South once Coal Company ID No. 46?08436 MATCH TO MAP #3 remote control bucket, heat SCOOP battery ?d metal, heat tape measure, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat curtain curtain: heat?l strap, heat\ bUCket. heotx continuous miner Joy 12cm12/ I I 24610 0 24601 0 24580 0 24573 0 24572 24547 JM5811 . curta'x bucket, heat roof bolter bucket, heat scoop curtain, heat Sth' heat Fletcher DDR lngersol Rand 488 bottle, heat Fmondoor curtfl'n? heat 95057/2004_328 488?1253 curtain, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat tool box . scoop charger ploit'cl? Seat Enersys 0" SCSR to CO fire extinguisher a car 480V booster pump fl SCSR "d hv cable sled re ec Or? ea fire extinguisher . . rubber?tire . fire extingUIsher . SCSR cache\ . 3 wheel mantrip tool box bucket heat paper. heat ?'ter' he? $732-$035 . bucket. heat curtain, heat SCSR Ngn? heat lid, heat i 245990 245990 $55 245740 245490 245480 [glove, heOtddote board weIfier cap lamp battery\ curtain, heat f/ Egg-2%? plastic, heat fire entinguisher LL T339396 Strapst heat 0 power center lid rock power center tool box duster bucket, heat . AEEI 27011-2500-208 UC 6. roof bolter S'gn? heat SCSR cache SCOOP batgery 480\'/ tanle 'dUSter continuous miner Fletcher DDR Shuttle car/ curtain, heat 480 scoop charger \stoppmg location . JOY 120m? 95065/2005358 Joy 103032-64BH-5 mantrip seats, heat ?33 cou'd be determ'ned JM49188 - ET17504 AEEI distribution box popbirllgeite bucket, heat curtain, heat 26288?697 plastic,? heact curtain, heat bucket, heat ltd. heat bottle, heat I reflector, heat 245110 246000 2?57? ?571? CT: I \?tai piece curtain, heat Shuttle cor drill JOY 103032?gT41l37I'?63 propane cylinder DBT 54?2147 tape measure, heat can, heat propane tank mine phone, heat 0? 50' 100? 150' 200? CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR TRACK DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED EQUIPMENT DOOR WATER KENNEDY METAL STOPPING REGULATOR Cl 0 I?e DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED REGULATOR DEBRIS FIELD MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED ITEMS. Pp . CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR OVERCAST ROOF ROOF Upper Mme DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED OVERCAST 12345 SPAD NUMBER Performance Coal Company WITH MANDOOR CONVEYOR BELT LEGEND MSHA ID NO 46?08436 PARTIALLY INTACT CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING CONVEYOR BELT WITH Scale 1?=50? de OI HOIVIAI A \curtain, heat fire extinquisher plastic, heat\ metal stopping lap over panel, part cardboard, heat metal stopping lap over panel metal stopping rib angle contacter metal stopping installation jack glove, heat paper, heat continuous miner spring boards C) tool car mandoor acn ac 3c belt, pile mg EC 3 CB 3J 24466 ac 5 c24458 t:Io ac awe BJ an bucket, heat 3 3 strap, heat 3 scoop bucket insert 24501 strap, heat heat curtain, heat strap heat curtain, heat foam, heat bucket, heat cutting torch and hose gas tank regulator 245470 245460 245410 45180 bucket, heat can, heat . Paper? heat curtain, heat foam, heat . mandoor strap, heat A jug, heat bUCket? heat acetylene tank heat cardboard, heat 3:22:31 h?ggt oxygen tank refuge chamber cardboard, heat Strap, heat curtain, heat Paper, heat tape, heat I sign, heat pas curtain, heat IC, heat?k O) bottle, heat 20? 40? Scale 1"=20? belt, piece bucket, heat equipment door I I equipment door frame glove equipment door hinge post curtain heat curtain, heat mandoor curtain, heat equipment door metal, part equipment door hinge post crosstie rubber guard boot crosstie equipment door gas detection probe curtain, heat curtain, heat crossties Blow '0 Bio glove crosstie . crosstie SCSR cache, part hammer hydraulic pump to rail bender bucket, heat curtain, heat radio crossties t? IC 60 curtain, heat mandoor water manifold with water trays O) E?iig?ii 20, Scale 1?=20? scoop tire crossties miner?s belt, part hard hat liner miner?s belt buckle methane sensor for miner glove SCSR pouch cap lamp head crosstie crosstie safety glasses, prescription ear plugs, heat cap lamp cord mantrip sander, part piece boot I CH track cap lamp cord, shoul track stop rail bender miner?s belt i1 RB a CIR metal guard tag line mantrip canopy support mantrip d?vefs canopy cable bolt SCSR breathing tube clothing, part methane detector der strap SCSR, open rail flatcar HEADGATE 22 24486 0 24461 0 024463 welder bucket, heat glove, heat hard hat, part \2 equipment door frame bottle, heat 24451 0 floor crack CH4, 20.9% 02, 0 PPM 24-4480 lid, able, heat 244590 eat 244500 24466 mandoor curtain, heat mandoor equipment door frame quipment door curtain, heat equipment door, part 245480 245170 /mo - . strap, heat . Strap, heot/ h?g??t curtain, heat bucket, heot\ stra heat plastic, heat bucket, heat stra: heat bottle, heat strap, heat plastic, heat strap, heat man oor curtain, heat curtain, heat?\ 245430 245160 024515 E?ii??ii Scale 1?=20? curtain mandoor frame cable anchor crosstie glove . knee pad cap lamp battery pouch - crosstie methane detector curtain, heat mandoor frame mandoor 80 I gloves canopy Hd intact (moved during recovery) methane detector respirator hard hat, part grid from end of mantrip (underneath) mantri Brookville 3B 8121 plastic, heat H-I rubber boot mantrip cover SCSR pouch 2 '20 mandoor frame A under mantrip gkwe, heat eyeglasses gloves tobacco pouch crosstie di?rgm?ug?gt mandoor frame ca lam batte blockphamr?er ry tobacco can safety glasses 10 244120 PE auger duster hard hat battery flypad, heat curtain, heat \curtain, heat] bottle, heat curtain, heat MATCH TO MAP #4 bottle, heat gloves res irator meta box \mandoor frame 244020 024391 24390 LIB dinner bucket SCSR pouch flypad, heat 740 curtain, heat heat plastic, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat plastic, heat 2 SCSR, part radio curtain, heat jug, heat bottle, heat/ curtain, heat curtain, heat CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR PARTIALLY INTACT CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR DAMAGED EQUIPMENT DOOR REGULATOR DAMAGED REGULATOR OVERCAST DAMAGED OVERCAST CONVEYOR BELT CONVEYOR BELT WITH TRACK WATER - DEBRIS FIELD ROOF ROOF 12345 SPAD NUMBER CONCRETE BLOCK PARTIAL CONCRETE BLOCK WEDGE HEADER BOARD CRIB BLOCK WHOLE SCSR LEGEND Scale 1?=50' PIECE OF SCSR 25B MULTIPLE ITEMS (EX. 25 CONCRETE BLOCKS) C0 SENSOR TOP BELT ROLLER TOP BELT STRUCTURE BOTTOM BELT ROLLER BOTTOM BELT ROLLER HANGER CRIB INTACT CONVEYOR BELT AND RAILS PS PROP SETTER WATER LINE Q) STEEL POST OR JACK (INTACT) PROP SETTER (INTACT) STEEL POST OR JACK FOAM PACK FIRE EXTINGUISHER INSET LEGEND Scale 1?=20? MAPPING NOTES MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED ITEMS. ADDITIONAL ITEMS DISPLAYED IN 1?=20? AREAS. APPENDIX Mapping Of the Mine Upper Big Branch Mine South Performance Coal Company MSHA ID NO. 46?08436 02HOLVW 3 bucket, heat curtain,mheat Strap, heat strap, heat U) strap, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat 0_ bucket, heat . plastic, heat filter, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat mg, heat strap, heat El ,1 3 3 (I) . curtain, heat lid, heat-/ lid, heat Li strap, heat I curtain, heat r09: heat glove? heat I curtain, heat mandoor mandoor handle 2 LIJ /?bucket, heat co 0 I (20 mandoor I I .1 I bucket, heat mandoor curtain, heat 3 mandoor frame curtain, heat curtain, heat t, curtain, heat UC ea reflector, heat mandoor frame date board 1 bucket, heat re?eCtori heat metal stopping intact ?0 ?0 bucket, heat bUCket? heat curtain, heat against rib bucket, heat a 3 3 metal, heat curtain, bucket, heat 20431 0 bucket, heat continuous miner Joy 12cm12 heat M4657D 0 20435 curtain, heat A mandoor equipment door, part/ I'd, t- 480V #137 6? pump mandoor ?0 020434 020421 h.v. guard, heat 020419 - h.v. guard, heat 020415 Hd, heat can, heat metal, heat strap, heat roof plate, heat reflector, heat curtain, heat strap, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat can, heat can, heat?\ A metal, hea - I 3 3 datertboar: curtain, heat?I Gm, t.eo. ?d heat ire ex er . paper, heat Strap, I'lth . strap, heat ?curtain heat curtam? heat to heat can heat strap, heat 9? bucket, heatx curtain. heat curtain, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat paper, heat can, heat 7/ curtain, heat curtain, heat mandoor heat lid, heat paper, l'eat mandoor frame, heat 020413 020414 I bucket, heat I CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR PARTIALLY INTACT CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING OVERCAST DAMAGED OVERCAST CONVEYOR BELT REIT FALL 12345 CONVEYOR BELT WITH ROOF ROOF SPAD NUMBER LEGEND Scale 1?=50? I. p astic, heat rau IC ose ea curta'n, heat 0 L0 Guam heat? can heat curtain, heat I shuttle car iid, heat ?t Joy 3 mp? 6? he? paper heat :2 ET17017 fire extinguisher metal heat 65? \plastic? heat metal, heat 6" bottle heat shuttle car can, heat :2 plastic, heat lid, heat 64BHE 5 7 oy - I: ET1701 a roof plate, heat /_Curtain? heat ?d heat bucket, heat bucket, heat h.v. guard, heat ?3 4,5 4 /?bucket, heat curtain, heat\ can, heat bucket heat plastic, heat 3: I: 3 3 /-curtaim heat curtain heat 4.6 mondoor/ cur ain ea LN lastic heat plastic, heat I: metal? heat lid, heat 2: plastic, heat wo ?yboord? hzott /-roof plate, heat /?wire, heat 12:; 9 . cur ain, ea - - . cant. belt drive Jug, heat curtain, heat 0 cont. tailpiece - cardboard: heat plastic heat . heat I curtain heat lid, heat curtain, heat 7 can, . curtain heat J, water lme, heat I fire extingUIshe, heat 0 er, heat . plast'c' heat paper, heat . roof plate, heat F1 curtain, heat] guard? heat Strap heat lid, heat curtain, heat a, equipment door bucket, heat pclg?tichelgeat curtain, heat kt curtain, heat reflector, heat rt', . . 09. 6?0 uce, ea cu ain ea operators cab, heat SCPOP. metal, heart1 pioetle, heat plastic, heat . supply cart . can, heat Fairchild 35C heat Paper, 3? rt - . curtain heat . Strap. heot- Curto'n? heat \too' boxes! heat 3 um box equipment door?\ /xcurtain, heat/ bucket, heat pfaustig'n'heaeto curtain, heat curtom? heat hanger heat bucket, heat a lid. heat l? 3 wa er ine, ea K- a 243510 243400 245390 243260 we? mom mom ,6 3 eqUipment doors bucket, heat can, heat box, heat GI 22 ui merit doors /curtoin, heat mandoor frame qboettle heat -strap, heat bog, heat curtain. heat lostic heat mandoor Se j/ Rourtain? heat 3 bucket heat curtain, heat plastic, heat 3 battery lid equipment door 3 gee 24355 3 00?, heat SCOOP Insert equipment door, part equipment door, part equipment door Pump box bucket power receptacle bOttle? heat FbUCket, heat Pbucket heat heat dam heat . on guar ea CU fire extinguisher UC 6. 60 #7 trash pump GOB 1200 KVA BJM /?plastic, heat high ?he Sled . . quigrmerratmgoor bucket, heat straps heat I Paper, ea plastic heat Jug, heat . lid, heat/ Strap, h?att bucket, heat pas c? ea . ui ment door art curtain heat man oor equ'pmen -ec' . battery cap lid door, art bottle, heat? 480V 4 Circwt bucket, heat lid, heat mantrip canop. SCSR CO mandoor I'd, heat ?re hose overcast Steps rhord hot mandoor\ bottle, heat ?ed distribution box . dP mandoor frame hard hat curtain, heat curtain heat acet lene tank fire . Strep, heat bottle, heatx power center Jugs, ea Via? erg: mandoor fire extinguisher reflector, heat curtain. heat mandoor h.v. guard, heat jug. heat 27201?1400?1008 Paper, heat? Rm IO. P0 SCSR cache, part 0 9: ea bottle, heat \bottle, heat bucket, heat kt I?d hfir? extinguisher? curtain, heat material heat wheel barrel heat fence, heat 3 UC 6. 60 ea strap heat h' a I ii 5 I con? ea 0 FOCkboxiheot i @276 I I 2?35? . curtain, heat SCS \xbottle, heat \I-plastic, heat LIid. heOt\_ rt t\ [curtoim heat UCket, heat?/ hzv. guard, heat . heat mg heat curtain, heat mandoor frame, port hm guard, heat fire hose, heat fork lift cu ain, ea overcast Steps electrical box fire hose, heat eqUIpment door . hsv. guard, heat \curtoin, heat rag, heat curtain: heat ca lam art SCSR 0*?er heat CLA LT404OB ui ment door lid heat equ'pment equ'Pment cardboard heat I metO'r ?60 p? bottle, heat _b0ttle heat coo Op scoop 153 SCSR cache door, part f?goe \mine phone hart buckets, heat metm, heat paper, heat? ,3 bettle? heat bettle? heat 480V charger power center @2233de equ'prnent tdzor? part equipment door Paper, heat eqUipment door ?re hoses can hea?, metal, heat 202,90 bucket, heat bottom roller, heat 480V trickle duster - eqU'Pmen 00V bucket, heat u' ment door, art- I curta'n heat f're valve heat eleCtnCOI box scoop Ip '3 eqmpment doors r00 pa 6 e0 bggpegtershegteft/ I . . . . heat curtain heat . t. mandoor mine phone battery I'ght f'Xture' heat Fairchild 480V scoop charger 'Jug. heat feeder rubber, heat . . curtain, heat JUFIC ion ox hard hat ?re hose fire hose mandoor lifeline heat fire extinguisher can, heat Q7 cable spool, heat curtom' heat bower heat curtain heat CO monitor a; CO monitor bUCket? heat mandoor 024432 bottle, heat pump 0 mandoor frame 3 7 lb 0 light fixture heat I ea ,h a jug, ea heat can, bottle, heat\ \?bott e, heat bottle, heat mandoor fork lift 480V miller welder-? I lid, heat I. hangers, heat sump 8 . CLA LT4o4o 3 480V welder light fixture, heat 0 er heat ?ypod, heat light fixture,heat light fixture, hoot eaUIpment door 3 heat 152 480V distribution box systems otontroi mandoor epjupg? theot 480V workhorse - fire 480V charger rec 'er 3 0 er <27 plastic, heat uard, heat mig welder eqU'Pment door, Part Strep, heat gflove, Itieat curtain, heat ckets, heat and acetylene bottle metal, heat 00 aonitor bottle, hgat plastic, heat mine phone hose, heat mine phcf>ne, Peat . roo a e, 0 fire hose I'ne? heat heat date board - heat curtom? heat A metal? heat mme phone plastic heat stra heat, curtain, heat 0 I: glove, heat plastic, heat?\ 0 I: heat *0 bottle, heat (D ?yboard? heat bucket, heat I AEEIbucket, heat bottle, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat \furto'n! heat plastic, teat 3 yo reflector, heat plastic heat ?039: belt guard, heat/ mandoor mandoor curtaln. heat and frame curtain, heat I I strap, heat plastic, heat 0 bottle, heat pow er magazme curtain, heat 8 plastic, heat 0 mandoor frame heat plastic? heat power center lid 8 curtain heat 9 bucket, heat I t. 02% plastic, heat Plastic, heat glove, heat curtain, heat supply car oof bolter curta'n' heat Con? heat plastic, heat 0 bucket, heat Fletcher tottle, heat 2005?325 IE bucket heat 8 jUg? heat plpe' heat 8 metal, heat 37D ?Iove heat hanger, heat REEF plastic: heat I t. Curtain? heat paper, heat heat tape heat curtain, heat ROOF curtain, heat I I I FALL 2 :2 bottle, heat I: 3 t' pas lc ea curtain, heat curtain, heat 0- curtain heat hangers? heat 1 reflector, heat bucket, heat 8 bottle, heat 0 50 100? 150? 200? _plastic? heat rtplastiif, heat 8 cu ain, ea man oor MATCH TO MAP #5 meMt wmet 2: curtain, heat heat plastic, heat 000% b) can, heat?/ 3 <27 0 BAD ROOF CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR TRACK I 4 DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED DOOR WATER KENNEDY METAL STOPPING REGULATOR DEBRIS FIELD ppll?lg Of the 06 DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED REGULATOR MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED ITEMS. Upper Big Branch Mine South Performance Coal Company MSHA ID No. communications borehole ?e 'o :r 0919 0 a (A 7.5 ,x Q7Q7 IPsign, heat Q7 8 <90 v# OL HOLMW lid, heat plastic, heat 69 lid, heat bucket, heat lid, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat m, heat strap, heat reflector, heat bag, heat 0202 curtain, heat mandoor bottle, heat 7 lid, heat rt can, heat flypad, heat CU O'n? ea can, heat strap, heat mg, heat plastic, heat lid, heat lid, heat . I'd! heat metal, heat . wood, heat Ild, heat curtain, heat metal, heat . ?d heat 8 bucket, heat curtom? heat motor shroud, part bucket heat curtain, heat bucket, heat roof plate, heat strap, heat lid, heat shuttle car We, part can. heat bucket, heat can, heat lid, heat can, heat buckets, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat chain guard, heat can, heat bucket, heat water line, heat strap, heat curtain, heat can, heat hanger, heat tailpiece Glory Hole shaft sprinkler system hanger, heat top roller, heat leaky feeder junction box plastic, heat hangers, heat can. heat curtain, heat lid, heat trash, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat 0 Po 904 acetylene tank ra heat pa er, heat curtain, heat splice ,kit, heat plastIc, heat ladder, heat flypad, heat can, heat can, heat draulic tank and wer pack from feeder can, heat hose, heat curtain, heat metal, heat bucket, heat metal, heat ontrol rail, heat plastic, heat rag, heat mine phone bag, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat light fixture, hea light fixture, heat paper, heat guard, heat plastic, heat metal, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat tool box, heat metal, heat curtain, heat cloth, heat plate, heat curtain, heat rope, heat curtain, heat plastic, heat paper, heat lid, heat can, heat curtain, heat Q7 spooL heat bucket heat bucket heat can, hea cudahn heat bucket heat Crameget paper, heat 202,? can, heat plastic, heat hangers, heat curtain, heat hangers, heat I bag, heat guard, heat paper, heat curtain, heat guard, heat hanger, heat glove, hea lid, heat paper, heat mg, heat 0 bucket, heat bucket, heat 2 bottle, heat jug, hgot can. heat 0209 man oor . 7 curtain, heat rag, heat curtOIn. heat sign, heat (b jug, heat heat curtain, heat glove? heat curtain hect 209090 bUCket, heat jug, heat paper, heat can, heat bucket, heat water line, heat ic, heat roof plate, heat bucket, heat can, heat bucket, heat rag, heat bucket, heat .900on curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat rag, heat curtain, heat bottle, heat rag, heat plastic, heat plastic, heat bucket, heat rag, heat can, heat Curtain' heat curtain, heat >30 rag, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat metal, heat curtain, heat roof plate, heat bucket, heat strap, heat cloth, hea mandoor frame SCSR cache MATCH TO MAP #7 50? 100? 150? 200? CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR I-I-I-I-I TRACK DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED EQUIPMENT DOOR WATER KENNEDY METAL STOPPING REGULATOR DEBRIS FIELD DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED REGULATOR CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR OVERCAST ROOF ROOF 12345 SPAD NUMBER DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED OVERCAST WITH MANDOOR LEGEND PARTIALLY INTACT CONCRETE BLOCK CONVEYOR BELT I STOPPING CONVEYOR BELT WITH we MAPPING NOTES MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED ITEMS. APPENDIX Mapp'ng Of the Mine Upper Big Branch Mine South Performance Coal Company MSHA ID NO. 46?08436 BAD ROOF OI How A ES . \strap, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat RBOABF bucket, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat bottle, heat [strap, heat e""400 mandoor a curtain, heat 0 curtain, heat eleitrlim case mandoor frame, part heat is 0 er 5 curtain, heat tag reader 0 bottles, heat rt_ cu aln, ea I'd, heat bottle, heat can, heat plastic, heat I mandoor Ott'e: heat plastic, heat fl ad, heat 5 yp curtain, heatcon? heat bucket, heat . 2000?0 can heotx plastic, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat mandoor frame lid heat . lid, heat .. cumm? heat bucket, heat t- can, heat -2 I: curtain, heat welding helmet bOtt'e' heat bucket heat /? ife ine, heat bottle, heat Z: 0 mandoor rubber boot . scoop SCSR Slmmons Rand 488 hard hat, port 488?2238 22 Jacket galvanometer 0? paper? heat Nugejrogs cribs In legs of shields boot control box radio . mandoor frame, part Cribs removed from Shield 3 by firehose, heat heat Lbucket, heat :2 mine rescue. 7 -equipment door, part equipment door 22760 mandoor with I 3 ?13 ?0 frame . . ?r allplece 2 5: Ii 3 head drive unit 110 charger for . chain conve ors contro' box head drive lid botteW . . head drive lid WIth motors shleld problem log I: date board electric item 2 mandoor bUCket' heat supply trader controller to cable sled AL leaky feeder box rechargeable battery .. ee a mandoor power center LO fire hose\ lifeline A equipment door . 16266?2250?501 mine phone . aluminum cover missing buckets, heat 480V cable, heat mondoorw battery equ1pment door, part . 00$ er pump lifeline. heat plastic, heat eqUiPment . continuous miner curtam? heat Power center lid mine phone curtain. heO . . 1? door _tlmber goth ment door j?gorwa?HEX continuous miner remote7\ ?fire cu tamrapshield down on panline ?090? 240000 240000 240010 1 emergencyl fork lift refuge chamber skid fork - . shuttle car] [plastic, heat [mine phone 3 battery mandoor SCOSRS Scale 1?=20? 0mm?: ?th Joy fire extinguisher Strap, heat a eqUIPment door equipment door, part curtain heat continuous miner remote . rt - \eqUipment door frame mandoor control plastic, heat 0? ea 480V 13 HP cache, part C) shuttle car curta'n? heat'< Pump flypad, heat step?up transformer/ JOY curtain, heat h.v. guard, heat mandoor overcast handm'l move box curtain heat . mandoor lid, I'lth plastic, heat . . SCOOP. love, heat curto'n? heat jug, heat bucket, heat bUCkeE heat curtain, heat forklift charger /-belt tall - Fm?;th 35c 9 . . plastic, heat fire extinguisher curtain, heat bucket heat date board it 7 a I: 245920 024583 1324577 I Q. :03 227760 227580 227410 227400 227160 216940 We It Plastic. heotj 480V 8.85 HP 7 eqmpment (my curtzLiJanettear?zeOt ?fe'ineFletcher \bucket, heat f'yght pump curtain, heat bucket, heat ?re -hose hilttIrjftillmd box I We Thi?ntheOt insert bucket, heat 2007046 curtain, heat curtain, heat 1- curto'n? heat scoo batter feeder . 480V scoop charger door frame p. methane detector _matefnabl locn argd prgund Stomler tog reader door, part bucket, heat ['00 0 er, ea shuttle cor rt - man OOF Joy 13283 mandoor/ cu om? e? power center equipment door, part ET17549 belt repalr cart AEEI 29989?500?409 door frame cutting torch . . . rt bottle, heat eqUIpment door heat resm, heat 2 wheel cart equ'pmen oor? p0 bottle, heat ,1 I SCOOP. . lid, heat bucket duster h.v. guard, heat torch hoses FO'rCh"d OOC-XLCG 0086', mandoor h.v. guard, heat 7 1339?267 245320 245730 245510 245370 244710 244700 227950 I 227750 227570 227390 227340 227150 227000 225930 i 4mm, heat? roof bolter equipment door, part 5" mandoor reflector heat - - ucket heat oos er pump continuous mlner Fletcher RRII-13-A bottle, heat . cloth, heat . . Joy 2007060 rt. can heat h.v. guard heat equment door 0086 0 e, 60 continuous miner remote JM6053 CU 0m. 60 0 equipment lid, heat straps, heat equipment - door frame ?mandoor mandoor . equ1pment heat cribs scattered through entry mme door, part ypa ea . equipment door . mantrip battery cover glove, heat Jugh.v. gags: asst curtain, heat ?re Ire ose 0y um jug, lkd?otheat Plastic, heat mandoor fork lift canopy 0 225400 228320 228250 228070 227940 227920 227740 227730 227560 227320 227330 /022717 022714 226990 . overcast top panel, heat jug, heat . 480V shield hauler bucket, heat I 'mpOCt wrenCh tool Sled fork lift battery cover Shield hoculgger Bucyrus curtain, heat 9? ??ery P??k SCSR top cap oxygen tank too, sled Zr mantrip battery . . . . 535-1012 door open metal, heat 0 00" eqU'Pment door equ1pment door mandoor SCSR . CO. monitor refuge chamber tool box wheel unit fire exaggewshheelrt acetylene ta1k stra heat hCIn er, heat f're eXt'ngU'Sher - SIOO or control box, heat ICurtain heat [bUCket' heat 9 reChorgeOb'e SCSR onemometer w'th SCSR LT4O4OB - remOte contro'ler curtain heat rope, ea cable tool battery leather case tool box ?d 15_1 bottle, heat battery roof plate, heat Stom cart SCSR SCSR pouch tool box AMS box radlo longwall starter metal, heat metal heat first aid box, heat 9 acet ene tank - control boards 0 battery from SCSR mantrip battery 5000 KVA SMC curtain, heat/ cable, heot/ SCSR top lid Rpouch' mantrip Qattery?\ 538217220011 4] 1 I I 228410 228310 228280 228060 227930 227910 227720 227710 CD 22759.}, hard hat . jacket, heat 'u heat Joy JNA unit /roof jock, hex h.v. cable cart Est ald box/ ?rst aid box pouch plastlc, box kw diSChOrge line, heat 9 monitor bucket, heat SCSR CO monitor charger remote controller 5' n, heat curtain, heat bottle, heat SCSR ?d stretcher open battery bottle, heat tool box CO monitor remote bUCket. heat mandoor SCSR rt 393R 0Pen methane detector . cont 0 receiver roof jack, heat 60 pa and tc?cg be); I curtain, heat Junction Box sign, heat - door SCSR container 0 om caps wa er va ve on man door date board metal, heat flypad, heat equ'pmen . 7 HG control box mine hone CO mon'tor SCSR cache fire hose curtain, heat Papers I "indoor fire dextin'gruisher curtain, heat communication . man oor rame first aid box control box firehose curtain heat CO morltor curtain, heat communication box date board 8?4? 22789 227mh.v. guard, heat 7 curtain heat curtain, heat- mme phone CO monitor, heat plastic, heat plaStiC, heat 5 shield down on panline shield partially down shield partially down comtrol box comtrol box 0 50 100 150 200 wrist watch shield down on panline CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR I?l?l?l?l TRACK CONCRETE BLOCK 25B MULTIPLE ITEMS CO SENSOR STEEL POST OR JACK (INTACT) APPENDIX 6 DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED DOOR WATER PARTIAL CONCRETE BLOCK (EX 25 CONCRETE BLOCKS) TOP BELT ROLLER PROP SEWER (INTACT) KENNEDY METAL STOPPING REGULATOR DEBRIS FIELD WEDGE CRIB INTACT TOP BELT STRUCTURE MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED ITEMS. Of the Mime STEEL POST OR JACK ADDITIONAL ITEMS DISPLAYED IN 1?=20? AREAS. DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED REGULATOR HEADER BOARD BOTTOM BELT ROLLER PS PROP SETTER CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR OVERCAST ROOE ROOE CRIB BLOCK BELT AND BOTTOM BELT ROLLER HANGER MAPPING 34 0F Upper Big Branch Mine South 12345 SPAD NUMBER SCSR A A 1 H. DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED OVERCAST WH WATER LINE FOAM PACK Performance Coal Company WITH MANDOOR LEGEND MAPPING NOT PERFORMED IN AREAS OF BAD PARTIALLY INTACT CONCRETE BLOCK CONVEYOR BELT PIECE OF SCSR FIRE EXTINGUISHER INSET LEGEND ROOF. STOPPING CONVEYOR BELT WITH 1 Scale 1?=20' MSHA ID NO 46?08436 7m/w Otib, hcut metal, heat 20% curtain, heat curtain, heat can, heat 8 strap, heat 02% bucket, heat i i 2 curtain, heat 0 50 100 150 200 strap, heat bucket, heat 2 flypad, heat 55: 8 cardboard, heat roof plate, heat curtain, heat Cloth, heat bucket, heat fire hose can? heat 8 rt . bucket, heat I t. (327 lug: heat cu om? e0 9,0 curtain, heat 2 Pas '01 ea 0 bucket, heat tog reader bucket, heat plastic) heat rOOf plate, heat 8 8 bottIe? heat cardboard, heat 8 curtain heat 366\ 024365 . bucket, heat /-p astlc, heat plastlc, heat .Strap, 024425 MATCH TO MAP #l 3 AW, imam, heat 3 0\ Mr lid, heat curtain, heat 3 cum?, he? 1 plastic, heat bucket, heat Wk Plastic, heat flypad, heatA mandoor/ curtain, heat plastic, heat CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR TRACK CONCRETE BLOCK 25B MULTIPLE ITEMS (EX 25 CONCRETE BLOCKS) CO SENSOR CD STEEL POST 0R JACK APPENDIX 8? DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED EQUIPMENT DOOR WATER PARTIAL CONCRETE BLOCK TOP BELT ROLLER PROP SETTER (INTACT) KENNEDY METAL STOPPING WEDGE l:l CRIB INTACT REGULATOR DEBRIS FIELD TOP BELT STRUCTURE STEEL OR JACK MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED ITEMS. MOPP Pg OT The me DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED REGULATOR HEADER BOARD ADDITIONAL ITEMS DISPLAYED IN 1?=20? AREAS ROOF FALL BAD ROOF AND RAILS BOTTOM BELT ROLLER PS PROP SETTER CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR OVERCAST CRIB BLOCK BOTTOM BELT ROLLER HANGER Upper Big Branch Mine South DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED OVERCAST 12345 SPAD NUMBER WHOLE SCSR WATER LINE FOAM PACK performance Coal Company WITH MANDOOR LEGEND . PARTIALLY INTACT CONCRETE BLOCK CONVEYOR BELT I OF SCSR FIRE EXTINGUISHER INSET ID NO 45?08435 STOPPING CONVEYOR BELT WITH 5006 ?50 Scale 1 =20 &)50 :v equipment door frame 8 . hard hat curtain, heat anemometer equipment door air compressor on side light fixture, heat 7986c 9 wire spool 0 cc Continental 500V DC starter 7.9 - 60?0 tag reader 6? radio battery curtain, heat 2? 3 date board, heat #98 ac an . lab 3 equupment door frame bb o? 20? 4O 8? Scale 1?=20? 3 mandoor, part bucket, heat plastic, heat Q) 0 C9 plastic, heat mandoor bottle, heat I ?0?90 mandoor, part plastic, heat 8 curtain, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat can, heat 8 bucket, heat bucket, heat 8Q curtain, heat (by a? can, he; curtain, heat equipment door plastic, heat 6) bucket, heat bucket, heat equipment door bottle, heat curtain, heat 8 bottle, heat I 9%9 equipment door equipment door frame flypad, heat flypad, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat fire hose curtain, heat bottle, heat tool cart date board (27 008 plastic, heat glove, heat cable, heat jug, heat paper, heat bucket, heat ?we t' fire hose 0 date board <9 cu?i?i'iee??i ?as, metal? heo bottles, heat curtain, heat can, heat 8 50 100 150? 200? curtain, heat was) . 79,, plastic, heat 0 curtoo'n' heat 8 2?0 2 heat?l I SCSR cache part 8 - a 9,810 5? A we? I CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING TRACK CONCRETE BLOCK 25B MULTIPLE ITEMS DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR PARTIAL CONCRETE BLOCK (EX 25 CONCRETE BLOCKS) CO SENSOR STEEL POST OR JACK (INTACT) APPENDIX KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED EQUIPMENT DOOR WATER WEDGE CRIB INTACT TOP BELT ROLLER PROP SEWER (INTACT) REGULATOR DEBRIS FIELD Top BELT STRUCTURE STEEL POST OR JACK MOppll?lg Of the Mine DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED REGULATOR HEADER BOARD BOTTOM BELT ROLLER MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR OVERCAST ROOF ROOF CRIB BLOCK BELT AND RAILS BOTTOM BELT ROLLER HANGER PS PROP SETTER ADDITIONAL ITEMS DISPLAYED IN 1 =20 AREAS. Upper Big Branch Mme South DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED OVERCAST 12345 SPAD NUMBER WHOLE SCSR WATER LINE FOAM PACK Performance Coal Company WITH MANDOOR PARTIALLY INTACT CONCRETE BLOCK CONVEYOR BELT OF SCSR FIRE EXTINGUISHER LEGEND Scale 1 =50 IVISHA ID No 46?08436 STOPPING CONVEYOR BELT WITH Scale 1 ?20 - x\ 9 rbucket, heat BAD 28 blocks intact ROOF strap heat fire hose, heat Strap, heat curtom? heat plastic, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat /,?curtain, heat /;_bucket? heat curtain, heat -curtain, heat 229530 229420 EODF 229070 2 223120 225?2? 2273107 I 227620 227520 I 2274-60 22'020 ROOF I I jug, heat curtoms? heat curtain, heat curtain heOtJ can? heat bottle, heat curtain heat strap heat Straps heat buCket? heotjug heat can, heat . t. curto-n ?heat Sg?gketeaheat plastic, heat lid. heat bottle heat communIca Ion FALL rope, heat ?ypad, heat bucket, heat I . bUCket heat . . cable througout . can, heat bucket, heat . lifeline, heat bUCket, heat flyboard heat entry, heat curtaIn, heat plastic, heat strap, heat Curto'n? heat mandoor g?gF jug, heat Strap, heat bUCket. heat bUCket' heat hose, reat BAD I I 229710 229590 22941; ROOF 22926 229250 2288? 22864-0 228100 228090 227770 227780 227630 227450 I fire extinguisher bUCket? he?? [metaL heat Con' heat bottIe, heat bottle, heat bottle, heat bottle, heat I'd heat curtain. heat heat Jug? heat can, heat cable heat flypad, heat\ . strap, heat curtain, heat ,buckets, heat jugs, heat . curto'n? heat strap, heat heat glove, heat flyboard, heat he? curtain heat can heat jug heat bucket, heat bucket, heat heat can, heat . . hanger, heat heat I cardboard heat Jug. heOt\ heat I bottIe, IIth Ib?t?tf?e kgtovft? tea plastic heat he? lid heat ypa ea uc e, ea bottle, heat/ Vbucket, heat no 22961 28%] 229600 22ng 229230 229220 229'? 229110 228830 02829 RIBTIOILLI I I II 022822%? I 2277? 22/76? 2276? 2275? 227?? 2mm 2 I curtain, heat curtain, heat - bottle, heat bUCket, heatl strap, heat bucket. heat bUCkets' he? rubber tire cart tIid, heat bottle, heat jug, heat bottle heat heat bottle, heat-I heat h.v. cable, heat equipment door cardboard heat ottle, heat 3 n, heat bottle, heat I'd, heat bcaLdboahrd,theat om ea ?yboord? heat ROOF plastic, heat rt . lg mandoor curtain heat bucket, heat bottle, heat uc ea heat FALL flypad? heat CU om' ea h.v. guard, heat curtam? heat mandoor bUCket? heat heat Paper, heat lastic heat bucket heat rtain heat stra heat curtain heat- I Ib con? hec't p'OSt'09, ?50 andoor and frame bucket, heat? 00" ea A oard, heat?\ BAD 75 22962 0 22924 0 228610 227?gc?3F 22783 22765 0 I 22749 0 22719 0 2271 FALL 229120 . can heat bucket, heat cardboard, heat bottle. heat . curtain, heat curta'n: heat curta'n? eat \-can, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat Paper: heat plastic, heat curtain heat bOtt'ev heat no 0 serve . curtain heat rt' due to roof fall ltd, heat Jug, heat CU O'm? ea 57 bl . t?B lid heat bottle, heat 8/ OC 8 In ac $28? plastic, heat?\ bucket, heat bucket, h? e? ea [\CUFta'n? he? [curtaim heat bUCket? heat heat . i 22865 0 22813 0 22798 0 22785 0 22784 0 22750 0 2274-2 0 22720 0 phone l'ne?k control lines, heat mondoor? port curtain heat mandoor frame curtain, heat bucket, heat R0 22761 0 0 022743 FALL [bottleu heat 0? 50, 100? 150? 200? CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR TRACK APPENDIX ?9 DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED DOOR WATER KENNEDY METAL STOPPING Il?l OT the I ne REGULATOR DEBRIS FIELD MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED ITEMS. 9 DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED REGULATOR . . CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR OVERCAST ROOF ROOF MAPPING LIMITED TO OUTBY BAD ROOF AND Upper B'g BronCh Mme ROOF FALLS ON TAILGATE 1 NORTH. BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED OVERCAST 12345 SPAD NUMBER Performance Coal Company LEGEND PARTIALLY INTACT CONCRETE BLOCK CONVEYOR BELT I MSHA ID NO. 46?08436 STOPPING CONVEYOR BELT WITH we shield ID sign, control unit, conduit, heat shield ID sign, heat shield partially down shield down on panline shield partially down shield partially down 7 7 . . 20 40? tibihsgxiiottnit'e'd 20? 40? hard SCOIG 1?=20, Circuit board SCOIG 1n=20, chain rachet behind shield leg . I methane detector (approximate location) fitII?IJerer?JIgt air helmet . airstream helmet, parts bit bucket comtrol box bit bucket screw driver aggl?erbal?ght fixture piece of comtrol box comtrol box light fixtures il can light fixture aluminum cover from head drive "23? sign SCSR top cap cap lamp without battery XV hard hat and 3 on hand rail moved by rescue team bucket comtrol lid rubber boot light mount comtrol box In SCSR lid 0 Lu gog les shie?d down on panline 2' SCSR _l hard hat liner battery 0 cap lamp battery 2 com ro ox . 3 hard hat comtrol lid I circuit board light port shield partially down 0_ ?ght, Port cap lamp pouch light hanging 2 comtrol i l' ht, art -L knee pad I light, part light, part shield down on panline (IZIIUthnumrt cover from tail drive I . '9 PO . I light, part light 0 I comtrol I empty tool box '1 . . 3 light, part comtrol lid 5 i Peta. Brim 2 light, part 0 light, part . knee pad shield artially down comtro box shield partially down light wheat lamp battery comtrol light bit box lid hard hat battery light without battery bucket. heat bucket, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat aluminum cover from tail drive hard hat bit bucket cable tray cover shield down on panline floor crack emitting natural gas bit bucket control unit, heat I "165? sign light comtrol box welding wire sheet metal wrapped around contol cable broken air helmet head side cutting drum with missing sprays bit bucket grease gun, part I first aid kit controller assemny angle from kenne filler tail drive methane monitor - damaged comtrol box 2 bit buckets - I bit bucket - 3 bit buckets machine mounted methane monitor - shearer . steel bucket aluminum cover missing damaged control unit . curtain, heat bit bucket aluminum cover missing . . tail drive unit control unit .heat tall Side cutting drum with 4 missing sprays 0 oil cans . 2 96 gob pl 022582 prop etter la ing wn prop etter cu o_f ends cans 8 pr setter cut ff ends prop setter cut off ends p205: setter 2 oil cans p' fp sh. Id hard hat, part on Op 0 8 ie bit bucket h' Id 703 grease gun part, heat Op 0 le 3 bucket on top of shield 2 Shove s 22:? prop setter piece of post on top of shield ?ypad? heat 183 SCSR top cap Straps, heat bottle, heat SCSR poucy bucket, heat I?d bucket, heat ?bucket, heat eO /-mandoor Is? i electronic unit from LW LO bucket, heat plastic, heat Vhard hat, part curtain, heat curtain, heat ?9 BAD Roof FALL hanger, heat /\bucket? heat bUCket heat bottom cap buckets, heat [strap, heat BAD BAD plastic, heat SCSR COP - lid, heat bucket heat ROOF ROOF BAD curtam? heat bucket, heat strap, heat bucket heat straps, heat SCSR pouch lid, heat /-glove, heat lld. heOt /7 ROOF plastic, heat bottle, heat g'jg?tz?inhegot kt bucket, heat lid, heat kt bUCket' heat . bucket, heat - U0 6 30 bucket, heat 7? uc ea curtain, heat bottIe heat bucket, heat curtom? heat bucket heat curtain, heat heat curtain, heat lid, heat buckets, heat . strap, heat date board glove, heat bucket, heat . curtam heat I I CUTtoin, heat bucket, heat rcurtoin? heat curtain, heat 22?020 227060 22539? IEZOWOEFO Eggs: 225530 225970 I 225700 I 22567 0 022541 22519 0 22501 0 Loudain, heat mandoor I- can, heat bucket, heat heat PlostiC. heat kt heat?a bucket, heat bUCket. heat bucket, heat bUCketi heat jug, heat bucket, heat cardboard, heat U0 6 . - . bl bucket, heat lid, heat bettle' heat \bucket, heat b?tt'e' ?60" I'd? heat Paper, he? curto'n? hem bucket heat bucket heat roof plate heat Jug, heat bUCket: heat curtain, heat bucket, heat so emu '0 ea heat curtain, heat can heat /-bottle, heat I'd, heat curtam, heat curtain, heat E6838 glove, heat /Curt?'n? heat buckets, heat bucket heat bucket, heat ?30" bucket heat bucket. heat curtain heat fl kt metal, heat . curtain heat ypa ea I uc 6, ea /?can, heat mandoor rcurtom? heat 7 I 1725 0 22704 0 22703 0 22661 0 22646 0 226232 0 22629 22608 601 0 I 22600 0 22568 0 022586 225430 225420 . . flypad, heat . - stra heat . lastic, heat curtain, heat debris BAD Jug, heat lld, heat bucket, heat [stra heat Strap. heat - I'd? heat jug? heat mandoor bUCket? heat ROOF Strap, heat plastic heat Sh?tW?re? ?th bUCket' he? l'JLfge heatostrop, heat lid, heat fl pad, heat plastic, heat\ fire hose hd? mt buckets heat . can, heat - ?ypad, heat ?Ot acceSSib'e I . fl ad heat guard? heat qui'tain heat flyboard? heat b0 tle? heat I'd Slgn, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat straps, heat bucket, heat . bucket, heat heat YP Straps, heat fly?adshel?eat Straps?, heat bottle heat bottle, heat lid, heat plast c, heat can heat . bucket, heat heat plastic, heat wire, heat strap, heat Sgrog?s heat reflector, heat lid, heat bUCket? heat rt . Sign heat bucket heat Jug, ea can, heat . cable SpIice curtain, heat heat I - gIlIove, hecgt glove, heat flypad, heat strap, heot/ cu ain, ea heat bottle, boot, heat cable, heat guard, heat bucket, heat QUOV OO tape: heat curtain, heat lastic heat buckets, .heat Car" 6" 7 bottle, heat bucket, heat flypad, heat heat . bucket heotk cablestr?g?theatI bucketchIbelcc?f heat 1 tl'dII flypad, heat resp'ImtOr'hhe?t?t he?t\ glove? hec't bucket heat bOtte? hem . 7 uc ea ove, ea 27240 $7060 0 226960 I/Zoaao 228840 226770 226660 45:28}: 6280 \226140 bucket heat plastic heat curtain, heatxj . . resin, heat mondOOF cable. heat uard heat cloth, heat . bottle. heat cable lice, heat 0 er, heat curtom'. heat . Gd heat bucket, heat flypad, heat glypod? heat guard, heat hm guard, heat IOS TC heat bucket, heat bucket, heat uc ea bottle, heat paper, heat lastic heat yp Paper. 60 fl pa ?heat can, heat heat id, heat bottle heat 3 rap, ea bI fl . 9? bottle heat I t. transformer . ca e, ea bottle heat re ec or, ea heat cur ain, ea 1 0 e: ?50 bucket heat ms? 0 ea curtain. heat curtain heat cable heat - as ea bUCketi heat bucket heat . - i Jug, heat stra heat - can? heat \bUCket? heat flypad heat flyt?d'pg?t buctiiet, hhectt iaiurife'g?t heat buck'ejt' ttlieegltt i t' hp bUCket? heat I'd jug? heat can, heat curtain, heat bottle, heat plastic, ea/ curtain, heat guard, heat flypad, heat curtain, heat I Abucket, \cur ain eci I'd, heat 27190 227160 227100 226830 226780 226670 226270 Mano/t 226090 0 2257? I I 225730 022546 225230 225060 . . . plastic, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat o'nsumt'on' heat . plastic, heat . Id \jocket heat bucket. heat botue heat A heat insulation, heat rap, heat plastic, heat . eO - paper, ea bucket, heat heat can, ea . flypad, heat heat shirt, heat rt straps, heat Straps, heat bucket heat bottle, ?60 stra 8 heat he? curtain heat bottle heat db cu om? ea bucket heat - re?eCtor? heat can heat bUCket? heat bUCket' heat heat glove heat 0'bucket, heat heat strap heat StrapsH heat bucket? heat bottle, heat curtain, heat bucket heat can heat cable. heat bOttle? heat bucket heat bucket, heat bUCket. heat . cu 10in heat 9? bucket, heat bucket heat . curtain heat bucket heat i . . buc et, eat lid heat bucket heat can heat '5 mp: 90 Iastic heat bUCket. heat Jug? eO . bottle, heat . . strap, heat bottle heat buckets, heat . bottle, heat curtaln heat can, heat res n) heat reSIn, heat . buckets heat . heat mandoor frame bottle, heCIt fire hose, heat heat jug, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat lid, heat ?c ea curtain, heat 22720 0 22709 22w7 0 22636 0 22679 22665 2 22643 0 22630 I I 22611 0 22610 0 22604 0 I I 0 22574 0 22547 0 I . heat/ bUCket? heat heat plastic? heat he? strap? heat/ 4cket, heat mandoor frame curtam, IheOtxh jug, heat flypad, heat glove heat buckets, heat ?feast lid, heat bottle? heat 9?Ve? e0 curtain, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat rt fly pod. heat . curtain, heat . buckets, heat bucket, heat can? heat CU ehaeat curtain, heat mandoor Straps? heat curtom? heat rt . curtain, heat heOt curtain, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat bucket heat . cu ain, ea . rubber heat - stra heat curtom? heat bUCket? heat curtam? heat curtain? heat plastic, heat7 P, curtain, heat bucket, heat \a oar 227210 227110 226960 226670 226800 226660 226440 774350 226120 225840 225750 225250 225040 /t?t can, heatJ bUCket? heat bucket, heat jug, heOt curtain, heat 0? 50? 100? 150? 200? CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR i?i?i?i?i TRACK CONCRETE BLOCK 25B MULTIPLE (EX. 25 CONCRETE BLOCKS) CO SENSOR CD STEEL POST OR JACK (INTACT) DAMAGED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED EQUIPMENT DOOR WATER PARTIAL CONCRETE BLOCK TOP BELT ROLLER PROP SETTER (INTACT) MAPPING NOTES KENNEDY METAL STOPPING REGULATOR DEBRIS FIELD WEDGE El CRIB TOP BELT STRUCTURE STEEL POST OR JACK mg Of The me DAMAGED KENNEDY METAL STOPPING DAMAGED REGULATOR HEADER BOARD BOTTOM BELT ROLLER MAPPING OF SELECTED AND HEATED CONCRETE BLOCK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR OVERCAST ROOF ROOF CRIB BLOCK BELT AND BOTTOM BELT ROLLER HANGER PS PROP BETTER ADDITIONAL ITEMS DISPLAYEO =20 AREAS Upper Big Branch Mine South BLOCK STOPPING DAMAGED OVERCAST 12345 SPAO NUMBER WHOLE SCSR WATER FOAM PACK Performance COOI Company PARTIALLY CONCRETE BLOCK CONVEYOR BELT OF SCSR FIRE EXTINGUISHER MSHA ID NO 45_08435 STOPPING CONVEYOR BELT WITH C03 Scale 1 =20 0 23948 023950 0 23946 024085 nlnoHn quuv, I A Oi# de OL HOWW at am OL HOLWI A LO CO 239480 //?curtain, heat curtain, heat - date board heat -papen curtain, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat lid, heat curta curtain, hetut jug, heat ?0 ba heat? 0 . a curtain, heat 3 bottle, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat material,t heat . ug, ea . Sign, heat curtain, heat heat m/ \curtain, heat curtain, heat . ??ypOd' heat Jug. heat curtain, heat bottle, heat tag reader plastic, heat bottle, heat 3 belt chute\ bucket, heat stretcher head rest, heat/ :0 1? bottle, heat curtain, heat neck brace, heat curtain, heat bag, hea curtain, heat bottle, heat 023839 curtain, heat ?13 date board - 023814 jug, heat American Electric 500 KVA Box 27480?500?1 008 cardboard, heat bucket, heat mandoor frame curtain, heat PANEL N0. 1 CROSSOVER GVEI 023785 can, heat can, heat jug, heat cam mandoor frame bucket, heat ?icket, heat curtain, heat bucket, he? curtain, heat 023888 0 23887 023813 paper, heat bucket, heat resin, heat \?cket, heat fire hose \0238:1 bucket, heat cardboard, heat curtain, heat glove, heat lid, heat h.v. guard, heat bolt resin, heat Hd, heat bag, heat jug, heat fire hose 02407 piastic, heat resin, heat papen bag, bucket, h? heat h7/ 024084 bag heat/ curtain, heat - curtain, heat rbottle, heat bottle, heat - resin, heat 02406 I curtain, heat bottle, heat lid, heat bottle, heat h.v. guard, heat lid, heat 02405 2401 0 flyboard, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat cardboard, heat bucket, heat battery backup for leaky feeder system bucket, heat [bucket heat 0 23787 I flypad, heat] 024083 024086 0 2402 paper, heat 02403 plastic, heat C) 024080 plastic, heat curtain, heat paper, heat wood, heat ?rtain, he; curtain, heat can, hea\ plastic, heat pa per, jug, heat bucket, heat curtain, plastic, heat heat junction box, heatet 0 24087 024081 024082 bucket, heat bucket, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat plastic, heat?\ curtain, heat 7 024364 024365 bucket, heat bottle, heat bucket? he? Wig? heat curtain?t heath curtain, heat bucket, heat] CU 0m. 60 \l I 024177 024363 l?flyboard, heat Lcurtain, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat bottle, heat jug, heat strap, heat A plastic, heat curtain, heat h.v. guard, heat jug, heat curtain, heat paper, heat I?strap, heat cardboard, hea bottle, heat lid, heat \?bottle, heat lid, heat jug, heat bucket, heat I I 024173 lifeline, he; junction box, heat cardboard, heat bottle, heat bucket, heat curtain, heat cardboard, heat curtain, heat7 024425 bucket, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat\ curtain, heat curtain, heat 024406 024388 l/ 024423 cable splice boot, heat paper, heat] curtain, heat bottle, heat /?curtain, heat wire, heat curtain, heat bottle, heat curtain, heat plastic, mandoor frame/ 024179 curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat 024180 bucket, heat plastic, heat - curtain, heat bucket, heat plastic, heat rope, heat \lid, heat 0 024182 [junction box for leaky feeder cable heat I l-bucket, heat bucket, heat lid, heat -bucket, heat -reflector, heat 024403 024422 cardboard, he; can, heat mine phone handset, heat 024181 curtain, h$ curtain, heat curtain, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat plastic, heat paper, heat plastic, heN electrical switch, heat bucket, heat mine phone, he? 3 lastic, eat paper, heat 024386 curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat \b curtain, heat ottle, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat [curtaim heat curtain, hea/t; /curtain, heat\ 0 24424 curtain, heat curtain, heat 024360 024385 curtain, heat ?ddn, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat 024418 curtain, hes bucket, heat curtain. heat bUCket, heat?a lid, heat /?Sign, heat curtain, heat/ 024420 bucket, heat bucket, heat paper, heat\ bucket, heat plastic, heat curtain, heat plastic, heat strap, heat cardboard, heat curtain, heat f\ paper, heat bucket, heat- paper, heat 024384 024405 024419 123630 223660 223490 223300 223190 bucket, heat curtain, heat curtain, heat 25020 2249 40 224800 224640 224460 224350 2m? curtain, heat bUCketS? heat curtain.heat curtainheat 0 bucket, heat plastic, heat ROOF curtain heat strap, heat Iid heat FALL metal box, heat straps, heat paper, heat lids, heat bucket, heat bucket, heat rt glove heat 0 223730 rt 0 bag, heat curtom, heat bucket heat buckets heat bucket, heat bUCket? heat cu Gm, ea a curtain, heat mandoor bUCket? heat aIn, ea curtain heat strap, heat Bud, heat bUCket? heat bucket, heat cardboard, heat Lourtain, heat 7 \j 'id? heot ?bucket, heat pm mag?? ?30" bucket, heat bucket, heat ?236? 223?? 223m 223'" a mandoor EB 225010 224920 224730 224620 22420 .- . 223990 BUCket? heat metal, heat bucket heat 123570 curtain, heat curtain heat \bucket, heat lid, heat - bucket, heat bucket heat curtain heat curtain. heat ROOF 6 mm heat roof plate, heat\ bucket, heat \?bucket, heat 223720 [flypad, heat 2 . curtain, heat FALL curtain, heat curto'n? heat lid heat bucket heat glove? heat mandoor 'u heat bucket heat curtain heat CLra'n? ea can, heat strap, heat TbUCket? heat jug, heat UP 6 ea fire hose g? V: bucket heat lid, heat curtain, heat t- strap heat plastic, heat mandoor, part pieces 0 I. . curtain heat strap, heat bucket, heat roof plate, heat kt ast.c, heat paper, heat curtain, heat cable, heat . bucket, heat bucket, heat . . U0 3' 9? a - bucket, heat ?curtain, heat curtain, heat mandoor curtain, heat curtain, heat bucket heat a heat Strop? heat] heat CD kt curtains heat roof plate heat 7 uc 5, ea I .- bucket, heat 223530 223480 223320 223170 22493 0 22479 0 22463 0 22448 0 224310 224210 22400 0 022384 22371 0 22370 0 22365 A . . curtain, 0 7; 022393 223880 paper: can curtom? heat \bottle, heat Jug? heat r??f P'Ote? heat . . curtain, heat glove? heat ?unction box paper, heat bettle' heat kt bUCkEt heat bucket heat buckets heat COD. heat bucket, heat foam heat curtom' heat 1 canISter, heat roof bolt heat "d heat IJeaky feeder bUCket, Seat bUCket, heat I'd? heat ea lyp0d? heat h. . d, bucket, heat I man 00r Fame . heat jug, heat curtain, heat \curtain, heat buckets, heat heeaot bucket, Gena; at ruhbber b?ott can, heat bucket, heat paper, heat U0 es ea buckqt, heat bucket, he?t curtain, heat curtailn, hergtt date board curtom? heat metal? heat lastic heat metal heat Plate? hea? ocscnelasles ePeat curtain? heat home: heat bUCket? heat lid? heat heat\ curtam? heat paper, ea reflector, heat cc can, heat Strap heat eqUIpment door roof glate heat bottle heat kt heat plOStlc? heat glove heat bucket heat I Iost'c, heat I canser, heat glove, heat] date b00rd_\ \gove eat - plastic, heat . bucket, heat . I bucket, heat pOBIeart ,h?icetat bucket, heat date board Jug, heat reflector, h?eat?, Peat I bottle, heat heat paper, heat I \glove, heat \p pe, heat fiberglass, heat-? bgrt?tg?aoge}? hose heot7/ bucket, heat water line, heat ordboord?hea \Kardboard, heat 'l Roardboard, heat - I - I I I .41 224810 48 10 2243 - bUCkets? heot/ bUCket, heat bucket, heat equ'pment door \?eqUiPment door h-V? guar?gtlhetOt metal ISt?ppicng firehose-l [paper? hey [can heat\\/ Lbucket, heat\ I bUCket, heat3 [jug? heot\ bottle heat - me a opping Pane. 60 astic, heat . t'es, heat curtain, heat I. . . . lid heat mine phone bucket, heat panel, heat mandoor, heat plastic, heat h'v. guard, heat hanger, heat cardboard heat buckets, heat couplmg, heat coupimg, heat . bottle, heat water ?he, heat plastic, heat wate Ollinhe, heat I bucket, heat Straps, heat metal stopping cable spool, heat plastic, heat bucket, heat jug heat mandoor kt t MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 34 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Coking Lab No. Customer ID#l Customer ID#2 201002682-026 874316 9EI7X LARGE Percent Percent Moisture Percent Residue Incombustible 2.54 44.79 47.33 201002682-027 874317 9EI8 LARGE 1.77 48.51 50.28 201002682-028 874318 9FI7 LARGE 2.19 44.05 46.24 201002682-029 874319 9FI8 SMALL 1.98 45.12 47.10 Team 9 -July 17,2010- CROSSOVER BETWEENHG 22 & TG 22 201002683-00 I 874320 12Al TRACE 1.84 44.41 46.25 201002683-002 874321 12A2 TRACE 1.86 52.15 54.01 201002683-003 874322 12A3 TRACE 2.12 44.88 47.00 20 I 002683-004 874323 12B2 TRACE 1.50 48.06 49.56 201002683-005 874324 12B3 TRACE 1.58 39.59 41.17 201002683-006 874325 12C2 TRACE 1.42 42.19 43.61 20 I 002683-007 874326 12C3 TRACE 1.42 46.40 47.82 201002683-008 874327 12C6X SMALL 1.73 45.57 47.30 201002683-009 874328 12D2 TRACE 1.34 48.64 49.98 201002683-010 874329 1203 TRACE 1.26 54.87 56.13 201002683-011 874330 1204 TRACE 1.04 60.89 61.93 201002683-012 874331 12D5 TRACE 1.10 58.51 59.61 20 I 002683-013 874332 12D6 TRACE 1.14 62.17 63.31 X LARGE 2.77 36.56 39.33 Team 10 -July 17,2010- TG 1 NORTH 201002684-001 874333 16AI6X 20 I 002684-002 874334 16AI7 LARGE 1.60 43.19 44.79 201002684-003 874335 16AI8 LARGE 1.88 34.87 36.75 201002684-004 874336 16AI9 X LARGE 2.05 35.39 37.44 20 I 002684-005 874337 16BI6X X LARGE 2.01 35.82 37.83 201002684-006 874338 16BI7 LARGE 1.76 36.54 38.30 201002684-007 874339 16BI8 LARGE 1.84 38.26 40.10 20 I 002684-008 874340 16BI9 X LARGE 1.72 41.06 42.78 201002684-009 874341 16Cl6X X LARGE 1.84 44.11 45.95 201002684-010 874342 16CI7 LARGE 1.50 50.95 52.45 20 l002684-0 II 874343 16CI8 LARGE 1.40 53.97 55.37 201002684-012 874344 16CI9 SMALL 1.18 53.99 55.17 201002684.jj13 874345 16DI6X X LARGE 2.04 52.60 54.64 Respectfully Submitted, ~,LtV~ ~ ---------········ ···----------···············---------····-···································--··-----------------------·---·-·-·-··-·-·-----· e analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the client's dir-ection, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the stjudgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard laboratories. Inc. makes no other representalion or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Cert1ficate of Analysis ay not be reproduced except in full, without the wrillen approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered ____________ """""""·"·"""·"·-·""""""·-------------""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""------------""""""""""""""""""""""·" ,_"""""""""""""""""""""""_" _________________________________ ! i i ~ MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN' MARK WESOWWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Pag~: 35 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID# I Customer ID#2 20 I 002684-014 874346 16DI7 Alcohol Coking LARGE Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 1.40 57.99 59.39 201002684-015 874347 16018 LARGE 1.12 68.45 69.57 201002684-016 874348 16DI9 SMALL 1.12 66.67 67.79 201002684-017 874349 16EI6X X LARGE 1.92 40.66 42.58 201002684-018 874350 16EI7 LARGE 1.60 45.51 47.11 201002684-019 874351 16EI8 X LARGE 1.86 37.80 39.66 201002684-020 874352 16EI9 LARGE 1.79 34.64 36.43 201002684-021 874353 16F16X X LARGE 1.96 34.05 36.01 201002684-022 874354 16F17 SMALL 1.52 51.55 53.07 201002684-023 874355 16FI8 LARGE 1.96 35.29 37.25 201002684-024 874356 16FI9 LARGE 1.83 34.18 36.01 201002684-025 874357 16GI8 LARGE 2.08 35.35 37.43 201002684-026 874358 16GI9 LARGE 2.09 34.31 36.40 Team 1 - July 18, 20 I 0 - Section 6 201002685-00 I 874359 6AI NONE 1.34 69.68 71.02 20 I 002685-002 874360 6A2 NONE 1.30 69.16 70.46 20 I 002685-003 874361 6A2X NONE 1.34 57.37 58.71 201002685-004 874362 6A3 NONE 1.24 59.53 60.77 201002685-005 874363 6B2 NONE 1.20 45.79 46.99 201002685-006 874364 6B2X NONE 1.24 54.01 55.25 201002685-007 874365 6B3 NONE 0.80 69.70 70.50 201002685-008 874366 6C2 NONE 1.10 55.48 56.58 20 I 002685-009 874367 6C2X NONE 1.50 59.55 61.05 201002685-010 874368 6C3 NONE 0.78 81.14 81.92 0.42 89.74 90.16 20 I 002685-0 II 874369 6D2 NONE 201002685-012 874370 6D2X NONE 1.26 70.81 72.07 201002685-013 874371 6D3 NONE 0.72 59.83 60.55 201002685-014 874372 6EI NONE 1.20 54.93 56.13 201002685-015 874373 6E2 NONE 1.10 77.06 78.16 201002685-016 874374 6E3 NONE 1.08 76.07 77.15 201002685-017 874375 6FI NONE 1.18 69.64 70.82 201002685-018 874376 6F3 NONE 1.04 71.35 72.39 RespectfullySubmitled, ~,/! @~ t;~·t~f~~~~~~J~i~~~~;J~~:~;~~J~e~[~~;';~:~r~~!-~~-:~r~~~~:c~~;::~~;~:~~~~:~~~~~~:~ii~~~~:;;:~,~~:~:r~~~:~b~~~a;;~~~-~;~:~;~~(f~~~b~~fs~i~-~~~~~:-·~;~~~l~~--------, [may not be reproduced except in ful , without _______________ the wril en approval of Standard laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered _. _________________________________________________________ """'"""""'""'"'"""""'"""""-~------------ ............................... ,, ___ ,,_, ......... - ..··--------------"""'""'""""'"--··---·---------------------........ .,........... ~----- MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PmSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATIN: MARK WESOLOWSKl 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 36 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID#l Customer ID#2 Alcohol Coking Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible Percent Team 2- July 18,2010-5 NORTH SECTION 201002686-001 874377 5C5 NONE 1.66 70.98 72.64 201002686-002 NONE 1.40 65.05 66.45 874378 5C6 201002686-003 874379 5C6X NONE 1.44 65.19 66.63 201002686-004 874380 5C7 NONE 1.46 73.36 74.82 201002686-005 874381 5C8 NONE 1.40 63.60 65.00 201002686-006 874382 5C8X NONE 1.89 72.91 74.80 201002686-007 874383 5D4X NONE 2.09 47.37 49.46 201002686-008 874384 5D6 NONE 1.18 76.33 77.51 201002686-009 874385 5D6X NONE 1.24 64.41 65.65 201002686-010 874386 5D7 NONE 1.20 69.87 71.07 20 I 002686-0 II 874387 5D8 NONE 0.46 92.60 93.06 201002686-012 874388 5E4 NONE 0.36 98.38 98.74 201002686-013 874389 5E4X NONE 1.00 82.74 83.74 201002686-014 874390 5E5 NONE 0.30 97.47 97.77 201002686-015 874391 5E6 NONE 0.54 93.15 93.69 201002686-016 874392 5E6X NONE 0.44 94.87 95.31 201002686-017 874393 5E7 NONE 1.20 66.37 67.57 20 I 002686-018 874394 5F4 NONE 0.92 91.57 92.49 201002686-019 874395 5F5 NONE 0.48 96.05 96.53 20 I 002686-020 874396 5F6 NONE 0.40 94.41 94.81 201002686-021 874397 5F6X NONE 1.74 69.60 71.34 20 I 002686-022 874398 5F7 NONE 0.58 92.20 92.78 201002686-023 874399 5F8 NONE 0.48 92.15 92.63 201002686-024 874400 5F8X NONE 1.56 68.23 69.79 201002686-025 874401 5G5 NONE 1.52 69.01 70.53 201002686-026 874402 5G6 NONE 1.48 74.55 76.03 201002686-027 874403 5G7 NONE 1.74 72.74 74.48 201002686-028 874404 5G8 NONE 1.76 52.26 54.02 1.88 35.67 37.55 1.73 36.38 38.11 Team3 -July 18,2010-AREA 13LONGWALL I NORTH 201002687-001 874405 13B24X TRACE 201002687-002 874406 13C24 SMALL Respectfully Submitted, ~~W'.dk.n MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATIN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 37 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Coking Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 2.03 35.71 37.74 Lab No. Customer ID# I Customer ID#2 201002687-003 874407 13C24X 201002687-004 874408 13C25 TRACE 1.72 39.80 41.52 201002687-005 874409 13C26 SMALL 1.64 44.20 45.84 TRACE 201002687-006 874410 13D24 TRACE 1.62 41.45 43.07 201002687-007 874411 13D24X SMALL 1.70 37.38 39.08 201002687-008 874412 13D25 SMALL 2.14 38.16 40.30 201002687-009 874413 13D26 1RACE 1.64 40.92 42.56 201002687-010 874414 13E24 TRACE 1.60 37.16 38.76 201002687-011 874415 13E24X TRACE 1.36 51.40 52.76 201002687-012 874416 13E25 TRACE 1.62 39.54 41.16 201002687-013 874417 13E26 SMALL 1.89 32.42 34.31 201002687-014 874418 13F24 SMALL 1.74 39.96 41.70 201002687-015 874419 13F24X SMALL 1.40 42.30 43.70 201002687-016 874420 13F25 SMALL 1.71 37.18 38.89 201002687-017 874421 13F26 SMALL 1.94 32.50 34.44 201002687-018 874422 13F27 SMALL 1.88 29.80 31.68 201002687_-019 874423 13G24 LARGE 1.80 40.95 42.75 201002687-020 874424 13G25 SMALL 1.59 40.82 42.41 201002687-021 874425 13G26 SMALL 1.90 36.26 38.16 201002687-022 874426 13G27 SMALL 1.66 34.07 35.73 39.95 Team4- July 18,2010- SECTION 17 TG l NORTH 201002741-001 874427 17AIO LARGE 2.00 37.95 201002741-002 874428 17All X LARGE 2.12 39.33 41.45 201002741-003 874429 17A9 LARGE 1.61 38.32 39.93 201002741-004 874430 17810 X LARGE 2.06 32.33 34.39 201002741-005 874431 17811 X LARGE 1.54 56.65 58.19 201002741-006 874432 17B9 X LARGE 1.74 35.68 37.42 201002741-007 874433 17CIO LARGE 1.50 48.97 50.47 201002741-008 874434 17CII LARGE 1.30 53.98 55.28 201002741-009 874435 17C8 LARGE 1.26 53.24 54.50 201002741-010 874436 17C9 LARGE 1.14 59.05 60.19 201002741-011 874437 17010 X LARGE 1.52 45.11 46.63 Respectfully Submitted, ~ ................... _______________ ...............-------------...... , - - - - - - - - - - ................ ~~ t'tf~ ___________________ ........................................................................................ ,, e arJalysis, opirliOrJS or irJ!erprelatior~s contairJed ir1 this report have beer! prepared at the clier~t's directiorJ, are based upon observations of material provided by the client ar1d express the stjudgmer~l of Star~dard laboratories, lr~c. Standard laboratories, Inc. makes no other representation orwarrar~ty, expressed or implied, regardir~g this report. This Certificate of Analysis y not be.................. reproduced except in full, without !he written, approval of Standard laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered -----·--------.................................... ............_ ,. .. ., _________________________ , ____ __ _______ __________________________________________________ _________________________________ _____ MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, ll 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 38 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID#J Customer 10#2 Alcohol Coking 201002741-012 874438 17Dll Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible X LARGE 1.32 47.34 48.66 1.49 47.79 49.28 1.50 48.97 50.47 201002741-013 874439 17D8 LARGE 201002741-014 874440 17D9 LARGE 201002741-015 874441 17EIO X LARGE 1.92 43.47 45.39 201002741-016 874442 17Ell X LARGE 1.71 42.64 44.35 201002741-017 874443 17E8 X LARGE 1.74 42.92 44.66 201002741-018 874444 17E9 X LARGE 1.86 39.39 41.25 201002741-019 874445 17F10 X LARGE 1.66 39.90 41.56 201002741-020 874446 17Fll X LARGE 1.87 35.29 37.16 201002741-021 874447 17F8 LARGE 1.54 43.35 44.89 201002741-022 874448 17F9 X LARGE 1.74 37.41 39.15 201002741-023 874449 17GIO SMALL 1.42 47.16 48.58 201002741-024 874450 17G8 X LARGE 1.70 37.84 39.54 201002741-025 874451 17G9 X LARGE 2.04 37.25 39.29 7B33 TRACE 1.42 47.03 48.45 TeamS- July 18,2010-7 NORTH 201002742-001 874452 201002742-002 874453 7B34 SMALL 1.45 49.71 51.16 201002742-003 874454 7B35 SMALL 1.46 40.94 42.40 201002742-004 874455 7B35X SMALL 1.24 57.21 58.45 201002742-005 874456 7B36 SMALL 1.52 45.37 46.89 20 I 002742-006 874457 7B37 SMALL 1.60 39.78 41.38 201002742-007 874458 7C33 SMALL 1.50 47.04 48.54 201002742-008 874459 7C34 SMALL 1.46 38.61 40.07 201002742-009 874460 7C35 TRACE 1.54 39.42 40.96 201002742-010 874461 7C35X SMALL 1.78 44.22 46.00 201002742-011 874462 7C36 SMALL 1.58 42.26 43.84 201002742-012 874463 7D33 SMALL 1.62 48.06 49.68 201002742-013 874464 7034 TRACE 1.54 54.36 55.90 201002742-014 874465 7D35 SMALL 1.60 49.84 51.44 201002742-015 874466 7D35X SMALL 1.32 61.87 63.19 201002742-016 874467 7036 TRACE 1.54 49.40 50.94 201002742-017 874468 7E33 TRACE 0.98 73.30 74.28 Respectfully Submitted, ~oi!! @~ [ The~nai;srs;-op;;;rons or inter·p~~-~~~~~;;;·";~~~~~~edinthiSffipO~IhS;;;t;;.;·;;·p·;~p~~d--~i-the·~;~e;;t·SdiffictiOO,-;;.;·-b~;ed-~p-~~~b;e;;atl~;:;;·;;f;;-at~~i~IP~~id;d·byth-;;"die-~l"~;d··e;p~e·;~-~h;··· best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories, Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered "'""""""""''"'"'"--"" _____ "'"~~~------------------"·--·"·"-·"·---------------------------------·------------------------------·-------------·-------------------·"'"""'"'"'""""'"""'.""'"""""""'""""""'"'""'"'""'"'.'"'"'"'"'"" _____________________ __ MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PmSBURGH, PA 15236 . STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539·5836 Page: 39 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID# I Customer JD#2 201002742-018 874469 7E34 Alcohol Coking TRACE Percent Moisture Residue Percent Percent Incombustible 1.20 66.42 67.62 201002742-019 874470 7E35 TRACE 1.24 61.93 63.17 201002742-020 874471 7E35X SMALL 1.88 46.48 48.36 201002742-021 874472 7E36 SMALL 1.47 52.63 54.10 20 I 002742-022 874473 7F33 SMALL 1.80 36.32 38.12 201002742-023 874474 7F34 SMALL 1.82 34.82 36.64 201002742-024 874475 7F35 SMALL 1.84 37.74 39.58 201002742-025 874476 7F36 TRACE 1.67 36.33 38.00 51.91 53.25 Team 6- July 18,2010-6 NORTII 201002743-001 874477 7BI3 SMALL 1.34 201002743-002 874478 7814 SMALL 1.36 52.27 53.63 201002743-003 874479 7815 SMALL 1.40 56.03 57.43 201002743-004 874480 7BI6 SMALL 1.34 57.57 58.91 201002743-005 874481 7817 SMALL 1.34 59.27 60.61 201002743-006 874482 7818 SMALL 1.68 48.88 50.56 201002743-007 874483 7BI9 SMALL 1.50 51.14 52.64 201002743-008 874484 7B20 201002743-009 874485 7B20X 201002743-010 874486 201002743-011 874487 SMALL 1.48 55.89 57.37 X LARGE 1.88 52.22 54.10 7CI7 SMALL 1.32 62.34 63.66 7CI8 SMALL 1.36 60.94 62.30 201002743-012 874488 7CI9 SMALL 1.10 70.73 71.83 201002743-013 874489 7C20 SMALL 1.38 59.04 60.42 201002743-014 874490 7C20X LARGE 1.78 51.98 53.76 201002743-015 874491 7Dl7 SMALL 1.44 71.25 72.69 201002743-016 874492 7018 SMALL 1.43 69.59 71.02 201002743-017 874493 7019 TRACE 1.22 70.89 72.11 201002743-018 874494 7020 TRACE 1.20 67.57 68.77 201002743-019 874495 7E18 TRACE 0.88 73.80 74.68 201002743-020 874496 7EI9 TRACE 1.14 74.85 75.99 201002743-021 874497 7E20 TRACE 1.26 66.91 68.17 TRACE 1.88 48.18 50.06 Team 7- July 18,2010- SECTION 8 NORTH MAIN 201002744-001 874498 SCI Respectfully Submitted, ~ ~~@~ n;e-anaiYs~~Pi-nions·o~·in;;:;~;;-~ei-~i'i~n·s-coniai-nedi-nthis-;:;;~rt·h~~~-b~~·;;-prepared-atth~-ci'i~~~;;d;~ec~on:-areba-sed·-;;p;~-;;t;;e~·~ii'O~;··~f·;;;e;i~iP-~O~id;dbYth~-cli~;;t;~d-;;-~e;s-ihe---~ best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories. Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certiflcate of Analysis ! may not be reproduced except in full. without the writlen approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered j ---·-----------""""""-----------·-----··-··-········-··-·-··-------------------·-···-·····..···----·-·-·-------------------·--·-·····-·-·-·····-·-.. -·-------------------------- .. ----··-···········-·····....................... _. __________ , ........................................................... ______ ) MINE SAFETY AND HEALTil ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PmSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539·5836 Page: 40 of 59 Date: 11115/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Alcohol Coking Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 2.76 45.76 48.52 1.94 34.45 36.39 SMALL !.50 57.90 59.40 SMALL 1.72 57.10 58.82 Customer ID#J Customer ID#2 201002744-002 874499 8CIX TRACE 201002744-003 874500 8C2 SMALL 201002744-004 874501 8DI 20 I 002744-005 874502 8DIX Percent Moisture 201002744-006 874503 8D2 TRACE 1.36 76.27 77.63 201002744-007 874504 8EI SMALL 1.42 75.51 76.93 LARGE 201002744-008 874505 8EIX 201002744-009 874506 8E2 201002744·010 874507 201002744-011 874508 201002744-012 874509 201002744-013 874510 9DI6 SMALL 1.68 44.40 46.08 201002744-014 874511 9DI7 SMALL 2.00 42.52 44.52 201002744-015 874512 9EI6 SMALL 1.40 55.99 57.39 201002744-016 874513 9F16 LARGE 1.95 48.54 50.49 II AI LARGE 1.89 46.75 48.64 1.34 61.21 62.55 X LARGE 1.64 66.57 68.21 9AI7 LARGE 1.55 48.56 50.11 9BI7 SMALL 1.72 42.04 43.76 9C17 LARGE 2.03 39.37 41.40 Team 8- July 18, 2010- SECTION II 201002745-001 874514 201002745-002 874515 IIA2 SMALL !.57 49.81 51.38 20 I 002745-003 874516 1IA2X SMALL 1.70 47.96 49.66 201002745-004 874517 IIA3 SMALL 1.94 41.80 43.74 201002745-005 874518 IIA4 SMALL 1.48 44.81 46.29 201002745-006 874519 liB I LARGE 1.60 48.61 50.21 201002745-007 874520 IIB2 SMALL 1.28 56.79 58.o7 201002745-008 874521 IIB2X SMALL 1.28 57.02 58.30 201002745-009 874522 IICI SMALL 1.50 53.51 55.01 201002745-010 874523 11C2 SMALL 1.20 53.75 54.95 201002745-011 874524 IIC2X SMALL 1.14 64.41 65.55 201002745-012 874525 IIC3 TRACE 1.26 60.03 61.29 201002745-013 874526 1101 LARGE 1.16 65.50 66.66 201002745-014 874527 IID2 SMALL 1.08 62.18 63.26 201002745-015 874528 IID2X TRACE 0.88 74.88 75.76 201002745-016 874529 1103 SMALL 1.30 65.35 66.65 Respectfully Submitted, ~ot!! @~ l r;;~·~~-~iy;;-;·;··~;;inions c;;:;n,erp·m~ti~~·;·~~nt~ineclin-u:.Ts~~;;ort·t;;~~·;;-;;~~-;;;;pa~et~-at-ihe-·~·~~~nt·:;··di;:;;~iiOn:are-iias~d-~P~n·~b;e~~ii~~s·~f;:;;at;~;al;;;:;;~d·;db).-the~iie-r;i-an-d·;;p~;ss-ihe-··--·1 best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories, Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may not be reproduced except in full, without !he written approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered ! i ----·--·-···"······""""""""""""""""""·--·--·----·-·-·"········-··--····-·--·------------···············""""""-·"·---·-·---·-·-·--,·-···""""""""""-·"-·-·-·-----·--·--·---·-·-··"-····-·"············--·······""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""-·-·--·_j MJNE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMJNISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 41 of 59 Date: 11115/2010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Customer ID#I Lab No. Percent Moisture Coking Customer ID#2 Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 201002745-017 874530 liE! SMALL 1.02 70.98 72.00 201002745-018 874531 11E2 TRACE l.l2 68.05 69.17 201002745-019 874532 IIE3 TRACE 0.76 82.32 83.08 12A4 TRACE 2.03 39.09 4l.l2 Team 9- July 18,2010- SECTION 12 201002746-001 874533 201002746-002 874534 l2A5 TRACE 2.07 47.04 49.11 201002746-003 874535 12A6 TRACE 1.40 47.51 48.91 201002746-004 874536 12A6X SMALL 1.00 71.26 72.26 201002746-005 874537 12A7 TRACE 1.48 43.66 45.14 201002746-006 874538 12A8 TRACE 2.36 45.55 47.91 201002746-007 874539 12B4 TRACE 1.52 40.63 42.15 201002746-008 874540 12B5 TRACE 1.64 37.89 39.53 201002746-009 874541 12B6 SMALL 1.80 45.38 47.18 201002746-010 874542 12B6X SMALL 1.83 40.20 42.03 201002746-011 874543 1287 TRACE 1.58 53.76 55.34 201002746-012 874544 1288 TRACE 1.38 62.24 63.62 201002746-013 874545 12C4 TRACE 1.30 47.46 48.76 201002746-014 874546 12C5 TRACE 0.92 71.90 72.82 201002746-015 874547 12C6 TRACE l.l6 62.69 63.85 201002746-016 874548 12C7 TRACE 1.36 47.97 49.33 201002746-017 874549 12C8 SMALL 1.26 55.93 57.19 201002746-018 874550 12D8 SMALL 1.32 53.34 54.66 Team 10- July 18,2010- TG 1 NORTH 201002747-001 874551 16A20 LARGE 1.82 38.02 39.84 201002747-002 874552 16A21 X LARGE 2.04 35.52 37.56 201002747-003 874553 16A22 LARGE 2.14 40.73 42.87 201002747-004 874554 16A23 LARGE 1.92 43.54 45.46 201002747-005 874555 16B20 LARGE 1.92 38.66 40.58 201002747-006 874556 16821 X LARGE 2.04 33.49 35.53 201002747-007 874557 16B22 LARGE 1.64 39.94 41.58 201002747-008 874558 16B23 X LARGE 1.88 40.51 42.39 201002747-009 874559 16C20 LARGE 128 51.61 52.89 Respectfully Submitted, ~~t:t/~ ·.··---·-----··-·----· .. - .............. -----------···· ..··----------···· .........- - - - - - - - - · - · · - · · - - · · .................................................................... - ................. The analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the clienrs direction, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the best judgment of Standard laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories. Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered [.............................................. .. ___________________________.........__________________ .......... ___________ , _, , , ___________ , ___ , ____ ~-------------------------------.,------------- .... ! i ! ------------------~ MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PTITSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN> MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 42 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible LARGE 1.70 44.69 46.39 16C22 LARGE 1.52 46.39 47.91 16C23 LARGE 1.64 41.52 43.16 874563 16020 SMALL 1.16 62.19 63.35 874564 16021 SMALL 1.66 50.13 51.79 201002747-015 874565 16022 SMALL 1.61 52.06 53.67 201002747-016 874566 16023 LARGE 1.76 44.63 46.39 Lab No. Customer ID#J Customer ID#2 201002747-010 874560 16C21 201002747-011 874561 201002747-012 874562 201002747-013 201002747-014 Alcohol Coking 201002747-017 874567 16E20 X LARGE 1.92 37.41 39.33 201002747-018 874568 16E21 X LARGE 1.86 35.83 37.69 201002747-019 874569 16E22 LARGE 1.74 40.53 42.27 201002747-020 874570 16E23 LARGE 1.72 35.18 36.90 201002747-021 874571 16F20 LARGE 2.43 27.82 30.25 201002747-022 874572 16F21 LARGE 2.00 30.83 32.83 201002747-023 874573 16F22 LARGE 2.00 32.20 34.20 201002747-024 874574 16F23 LARGE 1.94 37.67 39.61 20 I 002747-025 37.23 39.40 874575 16G20 SMALL 2.17 201002747-026 874576 16G21 SMALL 1.91 37.33 39.24 201002747-027 874577 16022 SMALL 1.96 40.14 42.10 201002747-028 874578 16G23 SMALL 1.59 41.75 43.34 Team lA- July 18,2010- I NORTH MAINS 201002759-00 I 874579 IA3 NONE 3.31 50.58 53.89 201002759-002 874580 IA3X NONE 1.78 50.56 52.34 201002759-003 874581 IA4 NONE 1.36 59.25 60.61 201002759-004 874582 IB3 NONE 2.23 58.33 60.56 20 I 002759-005 874583 IB3X NONE 4.65 56.62 61.27 201002759-006 874584 IB4 NONE 0.50 92.93 93.43 201002759-007 874585 IBSX NONE 1.88 68.68 70.56 201002759-008 874586 IC3 NONE 0.56 95.26 95.82 201002759-009 874587 IC3X NONE 1.57 48.40 49.97 201002759-010 874588 IDS NONE 1.40 70.63 72.03 201002759-011 874589 IE5X NONE 1.24 76.21 77.45 Team 1 -July 19,2010- SECTION 1 NORTH MAINS Respectfully Submitted, ~LW~ ----··-····-- ---·-····· · · -· · · · · · . . . -·· ·- .. ·-.·-------·-····· . ... . . . ·--··--·----·------------·--·--·----------------·-·--------------, I The analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the client's direction, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the best judgment of Standard laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories. Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories. Inc. Invalid if altered i i i ..................................... ---~-------------------- ..····----...............................................,. ____________________________ , _____ ,.,...........................- .. -~-----------------------~----·------------------~-·-···---~~-----~--·····~-j MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.0. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 MARK WESOLOWSKI .. STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. 8451 River King Drive. Freeburg, iL 62243 (61 8) 539-5836 Page: 43 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Percent Percent Percent Lab No. Customer [Dig] Customer Coking Moisture Residue Incombustible 201002760-001 874590 1A1 NONE 1.56 50.52 52.08 201002760?002 874591 IAIX NONE 1.77 41.43 43.20 201002760-003 874592 1A2 NONE 1.60 69.53 71.13 201002760?004 874593 1B1 NONE 1.72 41.93 43.65 201002760-005 874594 IBIX NONE 1.38 78.35 79.73 201002760?006 874595 IB2 NONE 2.00 37.54 39.54 201002760-007 874596 10! NONE 0.26 98.05 98.31 201002760-008 874597 ICIX NONE 1.76 77.62 79.38 201002760?009 874598 102 NONE 0.40 96.65 97.05 201002760?010 874599 1D1 NONE 0.52 92.53 93.05 201002760-011 874600 IDIX . NONE 1.98 52.00 53.98 201002760-012 874601 1D2 NONE 0.38 94.43 94.81 201002760?013 .874602 1D3 NONE 0.46 92.03 92.49 201002760-014 874603 1D3X NONE 0.90 73.02 73.92 201002760-015 874604 IGI NONE 1.68 71.65 73.33 201002760-016 874605 IGIX NONE 1.42 64.91 66.33 201002760-0] 7 874606 1111 NONE 1.10 63.40 64.50 201002760-018 874607 IHIX NONE 1.46 59.68 61.14 201002760-019 874608 111 NONE 1.34 60.83 62.17 Team 2 - July 19, 2010 - 2 SECTION AND 5 SECTION NORTH PARALLEL MAINS I 201002761-001 874609 2C5X NONE 3.66 79.80 83.46 201002761-002 874610 2DS NONE 2.30 95.37 97.67. 201002761-003 874611 I 2D5X NONE 3.79 87.70 91.49 201002761?004 874612 5C2 NONE 1.92 55.36 57.28 201002761-005 874613 5C3 NONE 1.77 48.78 50.55 201002761-006 874614 504 NONE 1.60 59.04 60.64 201002761-007 874615 5D1 - NONE 2.33 64.74 67.07 201002761-008 874616 SD2 NONE 1.84 73.66 75.50 201002761-009 874617 5D2X NONE 1.64 73.43 75.07 201002761-010 874618 5D3 NONE 1.04 84.39 85.43 2 201002761-011 874619 5D4 NONE 1.75 79.89 81.64 201002761-012 874620 5D4X NONE 2.00 41.60 43.60 Respectfully Submitted, The analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the client's direction, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the best judgment of Standard Laboratories. Inc. Standard Laboratories. Inc. makes no other representation or warranty,'expressed or implied. regarding this report. This Certi?cate of Analysis may not be reproduced except in full. without the written approval of Standard Laboratories. Inc. Invalid if altered MINE SAFETY AND HEALTil ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATINo MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 44 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID# I Customer ID#2 Alcohol Coking Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 0.56 90.03 90.59 201002761-013 874621 5EI NONE 201002761-014 874622 5E2 NONE 0.28 97.59 97.87 201002761-015 874623 5E2X NONE 2.04 66.78 68.82 201002761-016 874624 5E3 NONE 1.10 96.56 97.66 201002761-017 874625 5FI NONE 0.48 91.92 92.40 201002761-018 874626 5F2 NONE 1.56 73.00 74.56 201002761-019 874627 5F3 NONE 0.54 92.59 93.13 201002761-020 874628 5F4X NONE 2.40 52.35 54.75 201002761-021 874629 5GI NONE 2.60 60.03 62.63 201002761-022 874630 5G2 NONE 2.17 78.79 80.96 201002761-023 874631 5G3 NONE 2.39 63.37 65.76 201002761-024 874632 5G4 NONE 3.01 50.01 53.02 Team3 -July 19,2010 -AREA 13 TG 22 201002762-001 874633 13B29X TRACE 2.52 33.73 36.25 201002762-002 874634 13C27 TRACE 2.00 34.79 36.79 201002762-003 874635 13C28 TRACE 2.66 37.01 39.67 201002762-004 874636 13C29 TRACE 2.20 34.43 36.63 201002762-005 874637 13C29X TRACE 1.88 59.87 61.75 201002762-006 874638 13C30 TRACE 1.94 44.75 46.69 201002762-007 874639 13C31 TRACE 2.10 37.38 39.48 201002762-008 874640 13C32 TRACE 1.70 41.28 42.98 201002762-009 874641 13C33 TRACE 1.88 42.37 44.25 201002762-010 874642 13C34 TRACE 1.90 43.08 44.98 201002762-011 874643 13027 TRACE 2.32 42.57 44.89 201002762-012 874644 13D28 TRACE 2.26 36.90 39.16 201002762-013 874645 13D29 TRACE 1.84 48.63 50.47 201002762-014 874646 13E27 SMALL 2.38 35.92 38.30 201002762-015 874647 13E28 TRACE 2.29 31.60 33.89 201002762-016 874648 l3E29 SMALL 4.29 30.93 35.22 201002762-017 874649 13F28 SMALL 1.90 43.71 45.61 201002762-018 874650 13G28 SMALL 2.20 30.06 32.26 Team4- July 19,2010- SECTION 17 TG I NORTH Respectfully Submitted, -- ~ ···-········--------···- ~~w~ ! ·---------------·--··-······~-----····-·····-·------------------·····-····-·-·--·-------------------- 8 analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the client's direction, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the st judgment of Standard laboratories, Inc. Standard laboratories. Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of AnalysiS ay not be reproduced except in full. without the written approval of Standard laboratories. Inc. Invalid if altered i i ---··-·-··········· ...··-·-·--·---··-·-...····-···-··--·------------·-·····-·······-·--·-------·--·-·-·-... ··--··--·----~------·-·-·-················ ...········-··············-········-·-···-·-·-·--·--·--·-·--·---·-·---------__j MINE SAFETY AND HEAL1H ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PnTSBURGH, PA 15236 ·.STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 45 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Coking Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 1.62 40.30 41.92 1.79 43.57 45.36 LARGE 1.78 39.55 41.33 Lab No. Customer ID#I Customer ID#2 201002764-001 874651 17A4 LARGE 201002764-002 874652 17A5 X LARGE 201002764-003 874653 17A6 201002764-004 874654 17A7 LARGE 1.83 40.02 41.85 201002764-005 874655 17A8 LARGE 1.89 40.22 42.11 201002764-006 874656 17B4 LARGE 2.06 38.34 40.40 201002764-007 874657 17B5 X LARGE 1.82 37.35 39.17 201002764-008 874658 17B6 LARGE 1.69 40.66 42.'35 201002764-009 874659 17B7 LARGE 1.72 38.65 40.37 201002764-010 874660 17B8 LARGE 1.68 41.59 43.27 201002764-011 874661 17C4 SMALL 1.28 57.84 59.12 201002764-012 874662 17C5 SMALL 1.54 47.97 49.51 201002764-013 874663 17C6 X LARGE 1.26 55.29 56.55 201002764-014 874664 17C7 SMALL 1.32 54.73 56.05 201002764-015 874665 17D4 X LARGE 1.96 45.47 47.43 201002764-016 874666 17D5 X LARGE 1.76 47.93 49.69 201002764-017 874667 17D6 SMALL 1.32 54.37 55.69 201002764-018 874668 1707 LARGE 1.62 44.07 45.69 201002764-019 874669 17E4 LARGE 1.70 40.99 42.69 201002764-020 874670 17E5 X LARGE 1.38 45.01 46.39 201002764-021 874671 17E6 X LARGE 2.11 36.39 38.50 201002764-022 874672 l7E7 LARGE 1.74 41.11 42.85 201002764-023 874673 17F5 X LARGE 1.77 43.65 45.42 201002764-024 874674 17F6 LARGE 1.49 47.57 49.06 201002764-025 874675 17F7 X LARGE 1.96 33.61 35.57 201002764-026 874676 17G4 X LARGE IAS 48.78 50.26 201002764-027 874677 1705 X LARGE 1.68 46.44 48.12 201002764-028 874678 1706 X LARGE 1.76 41.48 43.24 201002764-029 874679 1707 LARGE 1.66 39.24 40.90 Team 5- July 19,2010-7 NOR1H 201002777-001 874680 7B27 SMALL 1.14 64.48 65.62 201002777-002 874681 7B28 TRACE 1.10 62.68 63.78 Respectfully Submitted, ~ol_f! t!{/~ .............., .. ······c··---------- ······--·--------------- ···············-------·-------····· .. ·---------------------···---··--······························································· The analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared al the client's direction, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard laboratories, Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered 1.-------·------------------- ..·-···········--·--·-----------··--·-··-···--·--·----------------------·-································--·--·--------------········-···-·-····--·-------------------------------------------·-·-·----···-·-·--------·-··---·-·····-- MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PmSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 46 of 59 Date: ll/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Coking Lab No. Customer ID#1 Customer ID#2 201002777-003 874682 7B29B TRACE Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 1.28 57.00 58.28 63.72 63.32 201002777-004 874683 7B30 SMALL 1.28 62.44 201002777-005 874684 7B30X SMALL 1.26 62.06 201002777-006 874685 7B31A SMALL 1.48 55.18 56.66 201002777-007 874686 7B3IB SMALL 1.56 51.28 52.84 201002777-008 874687 7B32 TRACE 1.28 50.51 51.79 201002777-009 874688 7C27 TRACE 2.21 63.26 65.47 201002777-010 874689 7C28 TRACE 1.82 58.65 60.47 201002777-011 874690 7C29 SMALL 1.30 62.31 63.61 201002777-012 874691 7C30 SMALL 1.52 56.23 57.75 201002777-013 874692 7C30X TRACE 1.56 49.27 50.83 201002777-014 874693 7C31 SMALL 1.49 49.28 50.77 201002777-015 874694 7C32 TRACE 1.60 42.08 43.68 201002777-016 874695 7027 TRACE 1.08 69.75 70.83 201002777-017 874696 7028 TRACE 0.88 78.10 78.98 201002777-018 874697 7029 TRACE 1.18 63.92 65.10 201002777-019 874698 7D30 TRACE 1.26 61.24 62.50 201002777-020 874699 7030X TRACE l.IO 70.75 71.85 201002777-021 874700 7031 TRACE 1.22 65.43 66.65 201002777-022 874701 7D32 TRACE 1.58 52.13 53.71 201002777-023 874702 7E27 TRACE 2.34 69.34 71.68 201002777-024 874703 7E28 TRACE 1.79 73.01 74.80 201002777-025 874704 7E29 TRACE 0.98 80.91 81.89 201002777-026 874705 7E30 TRACE 1.30 66.65 67.95 201002777-027 874706 7E30X SMALL 1.54 52.72 54.26 201002777-028 874707 7E31 SMALL 1.28 65.39 66.67 201002777-029 874708 7E32 SMALL l.l8 66.77 67.95 201002777-030 874709 7F27 TRACE 1.92 41.26 43.18 201002777-031 874710 7F28 SMALL 1.93 4l.l1 43.04 201002777-032 874711 7F29 SMALL 1.66 45.29 46.95 201002777-033 874712 7F30 TRACE 2.04 52.40 54.44 201002777-034 874713 7F31 SMALL 2.36 44.42 46.78 Respectfully Submitted, ~~ tf(/~ ~ ihe --- heanaly$1$ opmlo"ns or ~nterpfetat;o;:;scon~me-d In this-report h;v~ bSen prepared-at the Clle;t's dlrec;;on.-a~e b-ased upO"n" observ;tiO~s-of mat8nal PrO~;ded -b;lh-; cl~e~t.l"nd~xP;:-e;; eS!judgmenl of Slandard laboratones, Inc Standard Laboratones Inc makes no other representahon or warranty expressed or 1mplied, regarding lh1s report Th1s Cerlificate of AnalysiS ay nol be reproduced excepl m full Wllhoutlhe wntten approval of Standard Laboratones, Inc lnval1d 1f altered - --- ----- - - --------- ----- ------------ - - ------- - --- MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PmSBURGH, PA 15236 .STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 47 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible SMALL 1.70 38.45 40.15 7B21 SMALL 1.56 51.93 53.49 Lab No. Customer ID#l Customer ID#2 201002777-035 874714 7F32 Alcohol Coking Team 6- July 19,2010-6 NORTH 201002778-001 874715 201002778-002 874716 7B22 SMALL 1.54 52.25 53.79 201002778-003 874717 7B23 SMALL 1.44 48.77 50.21 201002778-004 874718 7B24 TRACE 1.38 55.52 56.90 201002778-005 874719 7C21 SMALL 1.32 56.21 57.53 20 I 002778-006 874720 7C22 SMALL 1.57 52.10 53.67 201002778-007 874721 7C23 TRACE 1.42 58.26 59.68 201002778-008 874722 7C24 TRACE 1.32 72.14 73.46 20 I 002778-009 874723 7021 SMALL 1.16 67.06 68.22 201002778-010 874724 7022 SMALL 1.52 60.13 61.65 201002778-011 874725 7023 TRACE 1.36 60.22 61.58 201002778-012 874726 7024 TRACE 1.66 56.14 57.80 201002778-013 874727 7EI7 TRACE 1.02 75.61 .76.63 201002778-014 874728 7E20X TRACE 1.66 56.03 57.69 201002778-015 874729 7E21 TRACE 1.28 66.35 67.63 201002778-016 874730 7E22 TRACE 1.24 66.13 67.37 201002778-017 874731 7E23 TRACE 1.30 62.86 64.16 201002778-018 874732 7E24 TRACE 1.30 61.50 62.80 201002778-019 874733 7FI7 TRACE 1.56 56.35 57.91 201002778-020 874734 7FI8 TRACE 1.49 54.54 56.03 201002778-021 874735 7FI9 TRACE 1.96 46.28 48.24 201002778-022 874736 7F20 TRACE 1.66 47.93 49.59 201002778-023 874737 7F21 TRACE 2.04 42.02 44.06 201002778-024 874738 7F22 TRACE 2.07 41.99 44.06 20 I 002778-025 874739 7F23 TRACE 1.94 43.53 45.47 8Fl SMALL 1.26 60.20 61.46 Team 7- July 19,2010- SECTION 8 201002779-001 874740 201002779-002 874741 8FIX SMALL 1.32 58.13 59.45 20 I 002779-003 874742 8F2 SMALL 1.46 56.47 57.93 201002779-004 874743 8F3 LARGE 1.69 53.00 54.69 Respectfully Submitted, ~ ~~w~ e-~naiY~is~--~;;r~~-~~;··~~--~~t~;:pretatiO~s·contain-;;d--i~--~;;i~-~~p-~rt-have-t;ee-n-P~~;;pared--~~--ih·~-~i-ie·~·;;·~-di;:;;ctiOn~-arebasect·-~;;-~~-~b~e-~ati-;:;~~-~f··;;:;ate~iai·;;;.;;~;d-~d-bYth-~-~~-ie~t-a·~ct-·e-;;;;~e~;-·;;;e······· st judgment of Standard Laboratories, tnc. Standard Laboratories, tnc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis not be reproduced except in futt, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, tnc. tnvatid if altered ay ------------------------···--······-·"'"'""'"'" __________________________ ................... _,_, _______________________________________________________________________________________________ , .................................................................................................................... .. MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 STANDARD LABORATORIES, 1N0. PITTSBURGH, ?15236 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, 1L 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 48 of 59 Date: 1171572010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Percent Percent Percent Lab No, Customer [061] Customer H3582 Coking Moisture Residue Incombustiblc 201002779-005 874744 8F4 LARGE 1.90 54.44 56.34 201002779-006 874745 8G1 SMALL 1.57 54.55 56.12 201002779-007 874746 8G1X TRACE 0.98 75.03 76.01 201002779-008 874747 862 SMALL 1.06 69.99 71.05 201002779-009 874748 863 SMALL 1.24 66.69 67.93 201002779?010 874749 864 SMALL 1.50 62.28 63.78 201002779?011 874750 8G6 LARGE 2.68 44.23 46.91 201002779-012 874751 SG6X LARGE 1.70 48.47 50.17 201002779-013 874752 8H1 SMALL 1.46 49.97 51.43 201002779?014 874753 8H1X LARGE 1.62 47.37 48.99 201002779-015 874754 8112 LARGE 1.64 46.12 47.76 201002779?016 874755 8H3 LARGE 1.68 44.10 - 45.78 201002779?017 87475 6 8114 LARGE 1.48 55 .00 56.48 201002779-018 874757 8H5 LARGE 1.88 43.74 45.62 201002779?019 874758 8116 LARGE 2.63 41.94 44.57 201002779-020 874759 8H6X LARGE 2.26 48.48 50.74 201002779-021 874760 811 SMALL 1.56 45.37 46.93 201002779-022 874761 812 SMALL 2.04 39.50 41.54 201002779?023 874762 813 LARGE 1.71 44.09 45.80 2010027794124 874763 815 LARGE 1.88 49.97 51.85 201002779-025 874764 816 LARGE 2.20 46.72 48.92 Team 8 - July 19, 2010 - HG 22 SECTION 11 DEVELOPMENT SECTION 201002780-001 874765 11A22 LARGE 3.55 38.24 41.79 201002780002 874766 11A22X 8 LARGE 3.17 32.30 I 35.47 201002780003 874767 111423 LARGE 2.59 36.17 38.76 201002780-004 874768 11A24 LARGE 4.29 36.70 40.99 201002780005 874769 was LARGE 6.80 40.95 47.75 201002780-006 874770 11A26 LARGE 7.02 46.19 53.21 201002780-007 874771 11A27 )1 LARGE 6.27 44.16 50.43 201002780008 874772 11A27X LARGE 6.35 53.73 60.08 201002780009 874773 11A28 LARGE 9.66 46.68 56.34 201002780?010 874774 11A29 LARGE 10.38 43.34 - 53.72 Respectfully Submitted, The analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the ctient's direction. are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the best judgment oi Standard Laboraton?es. Inc. Standard Laboratories. Inc. makes no other representation or warranty. expressed or implied. regarding this report. This Certi?cate of Analysis may not be reproduced exoept in foil, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, tnc. lnvatid if altered MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITfS8URGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATIN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, JL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 49 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID#l Customer 10#2 20 I 002780-0 II 874775 11822 Alcohol Coking SMALL Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 2.94 41.29 44.23 201002780-012 874776 11822X X LARGE 6.98 39.85 46.83 201002780-013 874777 11823 SMALL 2.54 41.99 44.53 201002780-014 874778 11824 LARGE 3.16 44.54 47.70 201002780-015 874779 11825 LARGE 5.42 44.99 50.41 201002780-016 874780 llB26 LARGE 2.60 56.14 58.74 201002780-017 874781 11827 LARGE 3.16 56.93 60.09 201002780-018 874782 11827X X LARGE IO.oJ 49.88 59.89 20 I 002780-019 874783 11828 X LARGE 7.88 46.72 54.60 20 I 002780-020 874784 11829 X LARGE 5.52 46.67 52.19 201002780-021 874785 IIC22 SMALL 2.91 40.32 43.23 201002780-022 874786 11C23 LARGE 6.97 43.57 50.54 201002780-023 874787 IIC24 LARGE 8.02 36.26 44.28 20 I 002780-024 874788 IIC25 LARGE 7.41 41.32 48.73 201002780-025 874789 IIC26 SMALL 19.02 32.00 51.02 201002780-026 874790 1IC28 LARGE 16.77 43.88 60.65 201002780-027 874791 IIC29 X LARGE 8.56 44.36 52.92 Team 10- July 19,2010- TG l NORTH 201002781-001 874792 l6A24 X LARGE 1.92 41.59 43.51 201002781-002 874793 16A25 X LARGE 1.93 43.42 45.35 201002781-003 874794 16A26 LARGE 2.18 43.16 45.34 201002781-004 874795 16A26X X LARGE 2.49 35.82 38.31 201002781-005 874796 16824 X LARGE 2.00 36.51 38.51 201002781-006 874797 16825 LARGE 1.62 39.92 41.54 20 I 002781-007 874798 16826 X LARGE 1.94 30.77 32.71 201002781-008 874799 16B26X LARGE 1.90 38.25 40.15 !.52 43.67 45.19 201002781-009 874800 l6C24 LARGE 201002781-010 874801 16C25 SMALL 1.34 46.78 48.12 201002781-011 874802 16C26 LARGE 1.52 41.79 43.31 201002781-012 874803 16C26X LARGE 1.74 35.81 37.55 201002781-013 874804 16024 SMALL 1.48 51.29 52.77 201002781-014 874805 16025 SMALL 1.28 56.69 57.97 RespectfullySubmitted, ~~ W~ [ Th~--~~-~~y;;-;:··~p;-nionsrn:~nt~;p;~~~j·~~s·-~~~~~~";;~;;l~this·;:;porthave-beenp;:;;;pa~~d--;;;t·t;;·~-~i·~~;;t;s-ci;rectTon~mebase;d~P;;;-·~bs~·;;.;ai;~ns-;;t-;:;;-a;~~i-;;;i-Pm~w-;d-bY.th;·~~-~e;;tand·e;;;press-the----1 best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories, Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories. Inc. Invalid if altered ··-·-····-····--····-········--··""""""-""""""-------·-·---··-··--·-·-····-···············"····-·-·--·-····----------·--·-----·-··-·-····--·-·-·-·-·"·---·-------·----·--·-·--·-------·---·-----------·--·-·-·-·----·-"-___ j i i MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATIN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 50 of 59 Date: 11115/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID#2 Customer ID#I Alcohol Coking Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 1.58 53.24 54.82 201002781-015 874806 16D26 SMALL 201002781-016 874807 16D26X LARGE 1.76 42.51 44.27 201002781-017 874808 16E24 SMALL 1.64 38.29 39.93 201002781-018 874809 16£25 SMALL 2.12 37.01 39.13 201002781-019 874810 16E26 SMALL 1.75 38.27 40.02 201002781-020 874811 16E26X X LARGE 1.96 37.01 38.97 201002781-021 874812 16F24 SMALL 1.90 35.84 37.74 20 I 002781-022 874813 .16F25 LARGE 1.81 35.78 37.59 201002781-023 874814 16F26 SMALL 1.84 40.12 41.96 201002781-024 874815 16F26X X LARGE 2.10 35.99 38.09 201002781-025 874816 16G24 SMALL 2.34 40.64 42.98 201002781-026 874817 16G25 SMALL 2.02 38.90 40.92 201002781-027 874818 16G26 SMALL 1.48 45.71 47.19 201002781-028 874819 16G27 SMALL 1.60 38.53 40.13 201002781-029 874820 16G28 SMALL 1.74 38.58 40.32 Team 1 -July 20,2010- SECTION 7 201002782-001 874821 7B25 SMALL 1.36 54.93 56.29 20 I 002782-002 874822 7B25X TRACE 1.30 64.24 65.54 201002782-003 874823 7B26 TRACE 1.06 64.07 65.13 20 I 002782-004 874824 7C25X SMALL 1.30 64.16 65.46 201002782-005 874825 7025 TRACE 1.40 64.21 65.61 201002782-006 874826 7D25X SMALL 1.20 62.40 63.60 20 I 002782-007 874827 7D26A TRACE 1.41 67.24 68.65 201002782-008 874828 7D26B TRACE 1.74 79.72 81.46 201002782-009 874829 7E25 SMALL 2.46 57.27 59.73 201002782-0 I 0 874830 7E25X TRACE 1.82 56.99 58.81 201002782-011 874831 7E26 TRACE 1.00 74.52 75.52 201002782-012 874832 7F24 TRACE 1.93 41.77 43.70 201002782-013 874833 7F25 TRACE 1.56 45.81 47.37 201002782-014 874834 7F26 TRACE 1.70 43.10 44.80 16A27 LARGE 1.90 43.42 45.32 Team 2- July 20,2010- SECTION 16 201002787-00 I 874835 Respectfully Submitted, ~LW~ eanal;s~s ~pm1~n; or mterpretat10nS~ontarn.;i ;nthrs rePOrt h~v; be~~-p;:;;paredatthe clrent's ctrre~hon, arebased ~Pon-Ob;e~;h~ns of materral provrded by the client and express the est JUdgment of Standard laboralones, Inc Standard laboratorres. Inc makes no other represenlalron or warranty, expressed or rmplred, regardmg thrs report Thrs Certrficate of Analysrs ay not be reproduced except rn full, wrlhout the wrrtten approval of Standard laboratones, Inc Invalid rf altered ~ ------ - - ----- - - ---- ------- -------- -- - ------- - - --------------- - l ' MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTNo MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 51 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Coking Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 1.80 43.64 45.44 Lab No. Customer ID# I Customer 10#2 201002787-002 874836 l6A28 201002787..()03 874837 16A29 LARGE 1.56 44.49 46.05 201002787-004 874838 16A30 LARGE 1.57 49.42 50.99 LARGE 20 I 002787-005 874839 16A31 LARGE 1.96 42.96 44.92 201002787-006 874840 16B27 LARGE !.99 36.89 38.88 20 I 002787-007 874841 16B28 LARGE 1.98 36.57 38.55 201002787-008 874842 16B29 LARGE 1.88 34.75 36.63 201002787-009 874843 16B30 LARGE 1.92 37.24 39.16 20 I 002787-010 874844 16B31 X LARGE 1.68 35.52 37.20 201002787-011 874845 16C27 LARGE 1.54 45.79 47.33 201002787-012 874846 16C28 SMALL 1.36 52.62 53.98 201002787-013 874847 16C29 SMALL 1.52 43.72 45.24 201002787-014 874848 16C30 SMALL 1.42 50.89 52.31 201002787-015 874849 16C31 LARGE 1.63 45.85 47.48 201002787-016 874850 16D27 SMALL 1.64 54.14 55.78 201002787-017 874851 l6D28 SMALL 1.48 56.56 58.04 201002787-018 874852 16029 SMALL !.52 53.26 54.78 201002787-019 874853 16030 SMALL 1.54 56.08 57.62 201002787-020 874854 16031 SMALL 1.46 56.51 57.97 201002787-021 874855 16E27 SMALL 1.81 42.71 44.52 201002787-022 874856 16E28 SMALL 1.84 37.23 39.07 201002787-023 874857 16E29 SMALL 1.76 36.70 38.46 201002787-024 874858 16E30 SMALL 1.50 38.82 40.32 201002787-025 874859 16E31 SMALL 1.88 37.00 38.88 201002787-026 874860 16E32 SMALL 1.72 44.26 45.98 201002787-027 874861 16F27 SMALL 1.91 36.43 38.34 201002787-028 874862 16F28 SMALL 1.94 40.27 42.21 201002787-029 874863 16F29 SMALL 1.95 33.69 35.64 201002787-030 874864 16F30 SMALL 1.80 33.85 35.65 201002787-031 874865 16F31 TRACE 1.68 34.70 36.38 201002787-032 874866 16F32 SMALL 1.78 39.37 41.15 201002787-033 874867 16G30 SMALL 1.75 38.28 40.03 Respectfully Submitted, ~at! @~ [ Tii·~-~~~iy;;·;:·~pinionso~-;ni~~;;·;~i~li~;;-~-;:;~~~~~n;;·;n·thi~-~epart h_a_v_e baen·p~ep~·~ed··~t·th~"Ctie-nt;-s diffiC~on·:-arnb·;·;·~d··~p;~··ob~~·~aii~~;-~r;;~t~rial;;7o~ded-bYth~-~~";~~i"~-~d·;;;p~~;·;"ih;--·1 best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories, Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard LaboratorieS", Inc. Invalid if altered ! ! ...................... """'"""""""'""""""""""----·-----·-·-·-.. """"""""'""'"""'"""'"""'"""""""""""-'"'-·""'"--------·--·--·-·---·-·"""""""""""""""""""""""--·---·-----·-·-··""""""'""'"""'"""""'""'"""""'""""'""'"""'"""""""'""'""""""""""'""""'""""""-·"·--·"""·"""""'"""""""""'"""'""'""""'"""'"""'""'""'"""'""'"""'""'"""'""'"'"""""'"""_j MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX I8233 PmSBURGH, PA I5236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKJ 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539~5836 Page: 52 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID#l 201002787-034 874868 I603I 201002787-035 874869 16032 Customer ID#2 Alcohol Coking SMALL SMALL Percent Moisture Percent 1.56 38.18 39.74 38.75 40.45 1.70 Residue Percent Incombustible Teams 3 & 6 -July20, 2010 -AREAS 15 and 16 201002788-001 874870 l5A7 SMALL 1.82 46.65 48.47 201002788-002 874871 15A8 TRACE 2.14 48.96 51.10 201002788-003 874872 15B5 TRACE 1.44 42.62 44.06 201002788-004 874873 1586 TRACE 1.30 54.65 55.95 201002788-005 874874 1587 TRACE 1.32 47.84 49.16 201002788-006 874875 1588 TRACE 1.38 45.34 46.72 201002788-007 874876 15C5 TRACE 1.34 55.20 56.54 201002788-008 874877 15C6 TRACE 1.38 51.21 52.59 201002788-009 874878 15C7 TRACE 1.25 57.01 58.26 201002788-010 874879 15C8 TRACE 1.68 41.31 42.99 201002788-011 874880 1505 TRACE 1.36 46.05 47.41 201002788-012 874881 1506 TRACE 1.36 47.86 49.22 TRACE 1.39 46.98 48.37 43.76 201002788-013 874882 1507 201002788-014 874883 1508 TRACE 1.69 42.07 201002788-015 874884 15£5 SMALL 1.46 45.94 47.40 201002788-016 874885 15E6 TRACE 1.36 49.59 50.95 201002788-017 874886 15£7 TRACE 1.36 53.56 54.92 201002788-018 874887 15E8 TRACE 1.34 47.39 48.73 201002788-019 874888 16E33 SMALL 1.56 46.70 48.26 201002788-020 874889 16E34 TRACE 1.68 46.90 48.58 201002788-021 874890 16E35 SMALL 1.66 45.64 47.30 201002788-022 874891 16F33 SMALL 1.62 48.79 50.41 201002788-023 874892 16F34 TRACE 1.60 48.87 50.47 201002788-024 874893 16F35 SMALL 1.44 46.02 47.46 201002788-025 874894 16033 TRACE 1.72 46.46 48.18 201002788-026 874895 16034 TRACE 1.64 47.37 49.01 201002788-027 874896 16035 SMALL 1.60 45.48 47.08 LARGE 1.83 40.28 42.11 Team 4- July 20, 2010- Section 17 TG 1 North 201002789-001 874897 17Al Respectfully Submitted, ~~w~ ~:.=:~r~~~~s~~~~~~~~~~~=~o~~~~~;ff;~~~~~~~h~!~~:~;~e~~~~bc~~l~~~~~~~~~h::~::~~~~~~~:;;~~~~:~-i!~·~:~b~~-:~'f~f~!;~~f~i;~~~~~l~:~·~?~~:~~-~f~~~!.~ff:~~~~;;-may not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered r - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .............................""""""---·--------------------·------............................... ""-""""-""""·------------------------------------------·-··---·--··----·---------------·----·-.-------------------------------------' MINE SAFETY AND HEALTil ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PI1TS8URGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOWWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 53 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Customer ID#l Customer 10#2 Alcohol Coking 201002789-002 874898 17A1X X LARGE 201002789-003 874899 17A2 X LARGE X LARGE Lab No. Percent Residue Incombustible 2.10 44.04 46.14 1.93 38.53 40.46 2.04 36.59 38.63 Percent Moisture Percent 20 I 002789-004 874900 17A3 201002789-005 874901 1781 X LARGE 1.88 43.09 44.97 201002789-006 874902 1781X X LARGE 2.24 45.94 48.18 X LARGE 1.96 37.29 39.25 X LARGE 1.80 35.46 37.26 201002789-007 874903 1782 201002789-008 874904 1783 20 l 002789-009 874905 17CI LARGE 1.30 58.90 60.20 201002789-010 874906 17CIX LARGE 1.04 67.11 68.15 201002789-011 874907 17C2 LARGE 1.24 56.42 57.66 201002789-012 874908 17C3 LARGE 0.88 67.10 67.98 201002789-013 874909 17Dl SMALL 1.38 50.57 51.95 201002789-014 874910 17DIX SMALL 1.73 51.60 53.33 201002789-015 874911 17D2 LARGE 1.44 55.16 56.60 201002789-016 874912 17D3 LARGE !.52 52.64 54.16 201002789-017 874913 17EI SMALL 1.54 50.67 52.21 201002789-018 874914 17EIX LARGE 1.97 48.87 50.84 20 I 002789-019 874915 17E2 X LARGE 1.44 48.24 49.68 201002789-020 874916 17E3 X LARGE 1.54 45.09 46.63 LARGE 1.30 48.21 49.51 X LARGE 1.72 50.39 52.11 LARGE !.58 49.54 51.12 201002789-021 874917 17FI 201002789-022 874918 17FIX 201002789-023 874919 17F2 20 I 002789-024 874920 17GI LARGE 1.52 44.00 45.52 201002789-025 874921 17G2 X LARGE 1.47 47.97 49.44 201002789-026 874922 17G3 X LARGE 1.69 44.65 46.34 TeamS -July20,2010- SECTION 19 20 I 002791-00 I 874923 19A2 LARGE 1.80 33.07 34.87 201002791-002 874924 19A2X LARGE 2.02 38.43 40.45 201002791-003 874925 1982 SMALL 1.62 41.14 42.76 20 I 002791-004 874926 1982X SMALL 1.68 45.16 46.84 201002791-005 874927 19B3 SMALL 1.48 62.79 64.27 874928 1983X SMALL 1.41 59.25 60.66 201002791-006 RespectfullySubmitted, ~ . ~,L &!'~ ande;q;ressthe--l T-h~-~;:;~iy;Ts~-~P~io;;;-~~-i~i~·;p·~~~~~;;;·-~~;:;t-;i-;;;~i;this report ha~b~~~-p;.;;;pa-~~d ~i.th~-~~~~~t;·~"di·~~~ii~;:~re·"b-a-sed~p-~;c;t;;e;vati~ns·;TmateriaTP·rovidedbvthedient best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories, Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered i I - - - · - - - - - - - - - · - - · - - - · - ·................................" ' " " ' ' " " " " " · - - - - - - · - - - · - - - · - · - · - -........................................""""""""""""----·----------·---------·-·----·---·""-""""""--"-"""""""""""""...J MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 54 of 59 Date: 11115/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID# 1 Customer ID#2 201002791-007 874929 19C2 Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible LARGE 1.42 55.70 57.12 Alcohol Coking 201002791-008 874930 19C2X SMALL 1.26 57.84 59.10 201002791-009 874931 19C3 SMALL 1.52 63.45 64.97 201002791-010 874932 19C3X lARGE 1.90 55.63 57.53 201002791-011 874933 19C4 SMALL 1.66 58.98 60.64 201002791-012 874934 I9C4X LARGE 1.75 49.89 51.64 201002791-013 874935 19D2 SMALL 1.54 51.50 53.04 201002791-014 874936 19D2X SMALL 1.83 44.25 46.08 201002791-015 874937 19D3 SMALL 1.64 55.06 56.70 201002791-016 874938 19D3X lARGE 1.74 60.03 61.77 201002791-017 874939 19D4 lARGE 1.98 48.78 50.76 201002791-018 874940 19D4X X LARGE 2.14 42.01 44.15 201002791-019 874941 19E2 SMALL 1.66 47.45 49.11 201002791-020 874942 19E2X SMALL 2.76 41.15 43.91 201002791-021 874943 19E4 X lARGE 2.17 48.47 50.64 201002791-022 874944 19F2 SMALL 1.82 44.31 46.13 201002791-023 874945 19F2X SMALL 1.92 42.10 44.02 Team 6- July 20, 2010- SECTION 15 201002792-001 874946 15Bl TRACE 1.36 54.22 55.58 201002792-002 874947 15B2 TRACE 1.34 52.59 53.93 201002792-003 874948 15B3 TRACE 1.42 52.00 53.42 201002792-004 874949 15B3X SMALL 1.48 48.63 50.11 201002792-005 874950 15B4 TRACE 1.46 47.89 49.35 20!002792-006 874951 15CI TRACE 1.36 52.18 53.54 201002792-007 874952 15C2 TRACE 1.14 60.25 61.39 201002792-008 874953 I5C3 TRACE 1.48 51.66 53.14 201002792-009 874954 15C3X SMALL 1.66 48.37 50.03 201002792-010 874955 15C4 TRACE 1.48 52.91 54.39 201002792-011 874956 15DI TRACE 1.53 47.56 49.09 201002792-012 874957 15D2 TRACE 1.54 44.34 45.88 201002792-013 874958 1503 SMALL 1.66 48.65 50.31 201002792-014 874959 15D3X SMALL 1.79 50.20 51.99 RespectfullySubmitted, ~.,L': &;"~ ~ mlh-;-sre;;ort The analys1s, opm1onS o~~nte7p~etallons ~nta1;;;;; ha~B been prepared-althe cl1enfs d~~~;On, are- b~Sed-~Pen ob;e;;:;a!1"0n_s_ of ma!enaiPfo~;ded-bYth8C~;"e;:;t-and8;Dr;s; the~ best JUdgment of Standard Laboratones Inc Standard Laboratones Inc makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or 1mpbed regarding thiS report Th1s Certificate of Analysis may not be reproduced excepl1n full, Without the wntten approval of Standard Laboratones Inc Invalid 1f altered -- - - -------- -- - - - - - ------- - -- - ---- ------ --- - -- -- -- -- - -- - MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX I8233 PmSBURGH, PA I5236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKJ 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 55 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Coking Percent Moisture Percent Residue Incombustible 1.42 49.89 51.3I Percent Lab No. Customer ID#l Customer ID#2 20I002792-0I5 874960 I5D4 TRACE 20I002792-0I6 87496I I5EI SMALL l.7I 42.82 44.53 201002792-017 874962 I5E2 SMALL 1.79 43.59 45.38 20I002792-0I8 874963 I5E3 SMALL 1.60 42.28 43.88 20I002792-0I9 874964 I5E4 TRACE 1.46 49.39 50.85 SMALL 2.24 42.I9 44.43 Team 7- July 20,2010- SECTION 8 201002793-001 874965 8A6 201002793-002 874966 8A6X SMALL 3.00 54.08 57.08 20I002793-003 874967 884 SMALL 2.13 38.58 40.7I 201002793-004 874968 8B5 X LARGE 2.88 39.0I 41.89 201002793-005 874969 886 TRACE 2.I2 51.26 53.38 20I002793-006 874970 8B6X LARGE 2.83 38.7I 41.54 201002793-007 87497I 8C3 X LARGE 4.39 34.82 39.2I 8C4 LARGE 2.I2 43.20 45.32 201002793-008 874972 201002793-009 874973 8C5 X LARGE 2.94 41.28 44.22 201002793-0IO 874974 8C6 LARGE 2.98 40.85 43.83 201002793-0 II 874975 8C6X X LARGE 3.29 35.55 38.84 201002793-0I2 874976 805 LARGE 3.05 44.73 47.78 20I002793-0l3 874977 806 X LARGE 2.53 41.63 44.I6 201002793-0I4 874978 806X LARGE 1.88 39.60 41.48 201002793-015 874979 8E3 SMALL 2.37 60.96 63.33 20I002793-0I6 874980 8E4 X LARGE 2.IO 54.59 56.69 201002793-0 I 7 87498I 8E5 LARGE 1.58 70.I7 71.75 20I002793-0I8 874982 8E6 X LARGE 1.86 56.28 58.14 20I002793-0I 9 874983 8E6X LARGE 2.11 39.I9 41.30 201 002793-020 874984 8F5 X LARGE 2.I6 54.29 56.45 20I002793-02I 874985 8F6 X LARGE 2.06 51.27 53.33 874986 8F6X LARGE 2.02 46.56 48.58 20I002793-022 Team 8- July 20,2010- SECTION II HG 22 DEVELOPMENT SECTION 20I002795-00I 874987 IIAIO SMALL 3.42 37.7I 41.13 20 I 002795-002 874988 llAII SMALL 6.96 41.10 48.06 20I002795-003 874989 l1Al3 LARGE 4.0I 31.46 35.47 Respectfully Submitted, ~,L! @~ [~=J~f~~~~~~i~~~~~;~~~=~f~:~fs~·~;~~~~~!~~!~~~~-~f~~~!~~!f:~~e~~~h~~:~~s~f~i;~~~~~::;~"~~~:~:~~~:~bif~~~~~-"f~-;~1~~~\~i~;l~~~~~f:g~·~~Jc~~:-~~~;~l~~ not be reproduced e)(cepl in ful , without the writ en approval of-Standard laboratories. Inc. Invalid if altered ' _______ ____ may ----~-----~--------·-------------"""'""'"""'"""""""""""""""'"'"'"~~~----------- ... .......... ~-------------"'"""'""""""""""""""""'''·"'·"'·"'·---~-------~~-------------------------"·-----"'""""'" ,_____________________________ ____ ; _ -MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PITTSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN' MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 56 of 59 Date: ll/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID#l Alcohol Coking Customer ID#2 Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible 20 I 002795-004 874990 IIAI5 SMALL 4.13 32.35 36.48 201002795-005 874991 11Al7 SMALL 2.52 43.37 45.89 201002795-006 874992 11AI7X LARGE 2.40 37.41 39.81 201002795-007 874993 11A19 SMALL 2.19 39.16 41.35 20 I 002795-008 874994 11A21 SMALL 4.34 39.98 44.32 201002795-009 874995 IIBI4 SMALL 2.14 33.43 35.57 201002795-010 874996 11BI5 SMALL 2.19 34.78 36.97 201002795-0 II 874997 11BI6 SMALL 1.93 45.44 47.37 201002795-012 874998 11817 SMALL 2.23 39.65 41.88 201002795-013 874999 11Bl7X X LARGE 2.56 47.57 50.13 201002795-014 875000 11B18 LARGE 2.34 40.11 42.45 201002795-015 875001 11BI9 LARGE 2.28 43.55 45.83 20 I 002795-016 875002 11B20 LARGE 2.35 44.77 47.12 201002795-017 875003 11821 LARGE 2.36 41.77 44.13 201002795-018 875004 IICI4 SMALL 2.60 45.98 48.58 20 I 002795-019 875005 IICI5 SMALL 3.53 42.83 46.36 201002795-020 875006 11CI6 TRACE 2.88 39.92 42.80 201002795-021 875007 11C17 SMALL 4.03 41.17 45.20 20 I 002795-022 875008 11CI8 SMALL 3.29 46.23 49.52 201002795-023 875009 11CI9 SMALL 5.89 38.37 44.26 201002795-024 875010 11C20 SMALL 4.68 42.38 47.06 201002795-025 875011 IIC21 SMALL 3.04 36.48 39.52 Team 9 -July20, 2010- SECTION II HG 22 201002796-001 875012 11AI2 SMALL 7.83 31.75 39.58 201002796-002 875013 IIAI2X SMALL 2.56 41.48 44.04 201002796-003 875014 11AI4 SMALL 2.06 32.21 34.27 201002796-004 875015 11AI6 SMALL 1.80 40.91 42.71 201002796-005 875016 11A18 LARGE 2.08 32.34 34.42 201002796-006 875017 11A20 LARGE 2.10 40.68 42.78 201002796-007 875018 11A7X LARGE 2.00 47.99 49.99 201002796-008 875019 llBIO SMALL 2.55 44.53 47.08 20 I 002796-009 875020 11B3 SMALL 2.04 45.16 47.20 Respectfully Submitted, ~~ @~ ~ -- - -------------------- - .. - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -- ------------------------------ --- e analys1s, op1mons or mterpretailons con tamed m th1s report have been prepared at the chenrs d1reclion, are b8.Sed-~-on observations of matenal prov1ded by the client and express the S!Judgment of Standard Laboratones Inc Standard Laboratones Inc makes no other representalion or warranty, expressed or 1mphed regarding this report Th1s Certificate of AnalysiS y not be reproduced except In full w1thout the wntlen approval of Standard Laboratones, Inc Invalid 1f altered - - - - - -- - - - - ------------------ - --- - - - - ---- - -- - - - - ------------- - ----- ----- - --- - ----- MINE SAFETY AND HEALlli ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PIITSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATTN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, JL 62243 (618) 539-5836 Page: 57 of 59 Date: 11/15/2010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Lab No. Customer ID#l Customer ID#2 201002796-010 875021 IIB6 Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible SMALL 2.12 48.18 50.30 Coking 201002796-011 875022 IIB7 SMALL 1.32 57.64 58.96 201002796-012 875023 llB7X SMALL 1.92 49.79 51.71 201002796-013 875024 IIB8 SMALL 1.48 48.15 49.63 201002796-014 875025 IIB9 SMALL 1.70 50.17 51.87 201002796-015 875026 11C6 TRACE 1.86 47.41 49.27 201002796-016 875027 IIC7 TRACE 2.08 50.11 52.19 201002796-017 875028 IIC8 TRACE 1.66 45.48 47.14 201002796-018 875029 IIC9 TRACE 2.19 44.89 47.08 Team 10 -July20, 2010- TG I NORTH 201002797-001 875030 16A32 LARGE 1.52 48.55 50.07 201002797-002 875031 16A33 LARGE 1.64 45.87 47.51 201002797-003 875032 16A34 X LARGE 1.83 45.84 47.67 201002797-004 875033 16A35 LARGE 1.76 42.60 44.36 201002797-005 875034 16832 LARGE 2.02 44.63 46.65 201002797-006 875035 16B33 SMALL 1.68 47.92 49.60 201002797-007 875036 16B34 LARGE 1.56 46.11 47.67 20 I 002797-008 875037 16835 LARGE 2.02 44.21 46.23 201002797-009 875038 16C32 SMALL 1.48 49.12 50.60 201002797-010 875039 16C33 TRACE 1.28 52.14 53.42 201002797-011 875040 16C34 SMALL 1.38 51.35 52.73 201002797-012 875041 16C35 SMALL 1.48 50.30 51.78 20 I 002797-013 875042 16032 SMALL 1.47 45.42 46.89 201002797-014 875043 16033 SMALL 1.40 52.58 53.98 201002797-015 875044 16034 SMALL 1.64 52.77 54.41 1.54 49.44 50.98 20 I 002797-016 875045 16035 LARGE Team l- July 21,2010-4 NORTil SECTION 4 201002798-001 875046 4A2 NONE 1.16 66.17 67.33 20 I 002798-002 875047 4A3 NONE 0.90 80.10 81.00 201002798-003 875048 4A3X NONE 0.76 74.69 75.45 20 I 002798-004 875049 4B2 NONE 0.40 91.97 92.37 201002798.005 875050 4B3X NONE 0.88 73.29 74.17 Respectfully Submitted, [ ~L!W~ TheanaiYSis-:-~;xnions·;;··int~~p·~~~~i~nscontain_e_dinlhiS-rePQrt"h~-~~-·b;;;;~·p~~p~·;;d~ithecnen·rs·d·i";~~~~~;:;:··~re-"b~sed-;:;pon-obsefV_a_ti_On_s_Of-materialpro~d-ed-bYthe,x~entandeXP~e;;·th; best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories. Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may no! be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered -------------------------------·-,·-··""""""'""""""""""""""""""""-""""-"" ______________ ____ " ""'"-"'""""""""'"-"""'""'""""""'""·------------------"·"--"'""""""""'"""""""""'"""""""""-""""""""" ____ """"""""""-·-·"""""""""""""""·---·-·-··""""""""""""'""--·-·"·"·-··"·-··········"-'"""""""""""'""'"'"" MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. PITTSBURGH: P1415236 8451 River King Drive. Freeburg, tL 52243 (618) 539-5836 MARK WESOLOWSKI Page: 58 of 59 Date: 1171572010 8:43:53 AM Alcohol Percent Percent Percent Lab No. Customer 133;? customer m2 Coking Moisture Residue Incombustiblc 201002798-006 87505 1 4C3 NONE 0.74 78.30 79.04 Team 2 - July 21, 2010 - SECTION 2 201002799-001 875052 2A3X NONE 2.02 56.01 58.03 201002799-002 875053 233 NONE 2.67 68.40 71.07 201002799-003 875054 2B3X NONE 1.64 58.72 60.3 6 201002799-004 875055 203 NONE 2.55 71.00 73.55 Team 3 - July 21, 2010 - ELLIS PORTAL MAINS AREA 3 201002800-001 875056 3A1X NONE 1.65 67.30 68.95 201002800-002 875057 3A2 NONE 1.06 84.06 85.12 201002800-003 875058 3B1 NONE 0.52 95.73 96.25 201002800-004 875059 3BIX NONE 1.00 69.71 70.71 201002800?005 875060 3B2 NONE 2.22 88.54 90.76 20100.2800-006 875061 3B3 NONE 3.62 88.41 92.03 201002800-007 875062 3C1 NONE 3.24 52.41 55.65 Team 4 - July 21,2010 - 4 NORTH '201002801-001 875063 4133 NONE 0.86 81.48 82.34 I 201002801-002 875064 4D3 NONE 1.22 71.60 72.82 Team 5 - July 21, 2010 SECTION 19 201002802-001 875065 19A1 LARGE 1.62 47.19 48.81 201002802-002 875066 I9A1X LARGE 2.16 44.23 46.39 '201002802-003 875067 LARGE 1.94 41.28 43.22 . 201002802-004 875068 19B1X LARGE 1.76 43.86 45.62 I 201002802?005 875069 LARGE 1.36 60.69 62.05 .201002802?006 875070 19C1X LARGE 1.59 50.78 52.37 201002802-007 875071 19D1 LARGE 1.56 47.23 48.79 201002802-008 875072 19DIX LARGE 1.82 37.27 39.09 201002802-009 875073 19E1 LARGE 1.42 51.63 53.05 201002802-010 875074 19E1X - . LARGE 1.96 41.11 43.07 201002802-01 1 875075 LARGE 1 .65 43 .08 44.73 201002802-012 875076 19F1X LARGE 2.42 35.48 37.90 Team6-July I Respectfuiiy Submitted, The anaiysis. opinions or interpretations oontained in this report have been prepared at the client's direction. are based upon observations of material provided by the dient and express the best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories. Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied. regarding this report. This Certi?cate of Anaiysis may not be reproduced except in fuii, without lhe written approval of Standard Laboratories. Inc. invalid if altered MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION P.O. BOX 18233 PmSBURGH, PA 15236 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. ATIN: MARK WESOLOWSKI 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, IL 62243 (618) 539M5836 Page: 59 of 59 Date: 11115/2010 8:43:53 AM Lab No. Customer ID#l Customer ID#2 201002803-001 875077 282 201002803-002 875078 2CIX 20 I 002803-003 875079 2DIX 201002803-004 875080 2EI Percent Moisture Percent Residue Percent Incombustible NONE 4.72 63.63 68.35 NONE 3.81 74.99 78.80 NONE 5.39 54.83 60.22 NONE 2.88 62.04 64.92 Alcohol Coking Team 8- July 21,2010- HG 22 SECTION 11 DEVEWPMENT SECTION 20 I 002804-00 I 875081 liAS SMALL 5.45 33.34 38.79 201002804-002 875082 IIA6 SMALL 3.87 43.99 47.86 201002804-003 875083 11A7 SMALL 2.82 32.06 34.88 201002804-004 875084 liAS SMALL 3.03 34.93 37.96 201002804-005 875085 IIA9 SMALL 3.56 35.73 39.29 20 I 002804-006 875086 liB II SMALL 2.99 39.04 42.03 201002804-007 875087 11812 SMALL 2.54 44.22 46.76 201002804-008 875088 11B12X LARGE 3.20 40.14 43.34 201002804-009 875089 11813 LARGE 2.74 37.82 40.56 201002804-010 875090 IICII TRACE 3.42 45.21 48.63 201002804-0 II 875091 IICI2 TRACE 2.28 48.34 50.62 201002804-012 875092 IIC13 TRACE 3.31 50.Q7 53.38 Team 9- July 21,2010- SECTION 3 ELLIS PORTAL MAINS 201002805-00 I 875093 3A4 NONE 0.88 75.33 76.21 201002805-002 875094 3A5 NONE 1.32 54.60 55.92 201002805-003 875095 3A5X NONE 1.46 35.79 37.25 201002805-004 875096 384 NONE 1.20 91.77 92.97 201002805-005 875097 385 NONE 0.58 90.45 91.03 201002805-006 875098 3B5X NONE 1.64 58.22 59.86 201002805-007 875099 3C4 NONE 1.48 50.34 51.82 201002805-008 875100 3C5 NONE 2.77 53.02 55.79 RespectfullySubmitted, ~L &/~ ... ............. ·····-----------------·········..····························-··---------------------- ...... . . .. .. .. . .... .. . . --------------------------_ The analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the client's direction, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the best judgment of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard laboratories. Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysis may nol be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered ! i ! 1··-·--·-··--·-··--..--,.·--··-·-······--·-·-·--·--·------·-----·-··-·-··-·-·········-·-·····-·-···································-·······--··-·--·----------------·--··-·-·------·--·-----·-·--·--------·--·-·---·---·--·-····-·--·--·..1 StL 11115.12010 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. S451 Rwer K1ng Drive, Freeburg, Illinois 622~3 (618) ~9-5886 UBB DUST SAMPLES Re licates Count N Average 1.56 Average Drfrerenc:e Max Difference Min Difference Repeatabi!ty STD DEV Estimated W~ll.ln L:.b REPEATABILTY {Based on first30) Within Lab REPEATABILITY (Bas..:! on Totnl Popul.rtion) CaC03 QARRM-4 5.79 0.0346 0.17 0.00 0.0303 0.10 0.00 0.20 5.87 0.1226 0.32 0.00 0.1020 0.21 0.29 Parameter. Moisture Pa1101 ol2 0.19 0.0272 0.08 0.00 0.0232 0.00 0.00 ~ 11/1512010 STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, lllinois62243 (618) 539-5836 UBB DUST SAMPLES CountN Avernge 1,56 1.55 Average Difference Max Difference Min Difference Repeatabitty STD DEV Estimated Wr!hln Lab REPEATABILTY (Based on first 30} Within Lat> REPEATABIUTV (Baa<> ,,, ,,, Pa~Je~of2 0.19 0.0272 0.08 0.00 0.0232 0.06 0.06 s:t 1111512010 STANDARD LA BORA TORIES, INC. 8451 River King Drive, Freeburg, lllino;s 62243 (616} 539-5836 UBB DUST SAMPLES Re licates CaCOJ QARRM-4 Count N Average Average Difference Max Difference Min Difference Repeatabilty STD DEV 57.92 57.92 12.68 0.0696 '"" 0.01 '" 0.00 0.0624 11.19 0.17 0.5937 Estimated W~hin Lab REPEATABILTY (Based on lil'$1 30) Within Lab REPEATABILITY (Ba~ed on Total Popul~tlon) M<>ST-REPEATAEC1) and 1.1% nitrogen. Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, which results in differing atomic mass for the same element. The difference in properties between two isotopes that may lead to a slight separation in distribution (fractionation) is largely a result of the different vibrational frequencies of heavy and light atoms in a molecular or crystal structure (Krauskopf and Bird, 1995). Atoms of a light isotope vibrate with higher frequencies, hence in general are less strongly bonded to other atoms than atoms of a heavy isotope. It is assumed that migration of gases in most situations does not appreciably change the isotopic composition of the hydrocarbons (Schoell, 1983). The element Carbon includes two stable isotopes, 12C and 13C, as well as the radioactive 14C. The element Hydrogen includes two stable isotopes, 1H and 2H, the latter being known as Deuterium and referred to with a capital “D.” Hydrogen has a third, radioactive isotope, Tritium (3H) with a short half-life of 12.26 years. Three mechanisms of isotope separation can be distinguished, including those depending on physical properties (such as evaporation and precipitation), exchange reactions resulting in equilibrium between two or more substances, and separation depending on reaction rates. The extent of separation between two phases is expressed by a ratio called the fractionation factor, which compares the ratio of concentrations of heavy to light isotope in one phase to the same ratio in another phase. The comparison ratio is reported in concentrations of per mil, or parts per thousand, relative to the heavier isotope. Carbon isotope ratios are expressed as δ13C in parts per thousand (per mil or ‰) deviations from the Pee Dee Belemnite marine carbonate standard, for which the internationally accepted standard for the ratio of 13C/12C is equal to 0.0112372. A positive value of the fractionation ratio indicates relative enrichment of the heavier isotope, whereas a negative value represents a relative depletion of the heavier isotope compared to the lighter isotope. In practice, the Peedee Belemnite has a very high 13C content, so virtually all terrestrial samples will exhibit a negative value of δ13C‰ in comparison such that a relative enrichment will be expressed. Natural gas is generated from organic matter throughout the burial history of sedimentary rocks. Three principal episodes of gas generation are recognized: 1) biogenic gas is formed during the early, low temperature (<60-100° C) phase of sediment burial history at shallow (< 3 km) depths, by anaerobic bacteria, characterized by isotopically light methane of δ13C< -60‰; 2) early thermogenic gas is produced along with liquid hydrocarbons during the intermediate phase of burial history; 3) late thermogenic gas is produced during the high temperature phase of burial history, which is destructive to earlier formed liquid hydrocarbons. Jenden et al. (1993) state that at greater depths and temperatures, thermal degradation of kerogen yields thermogenic gases, in addition to hydrocarbon liquids, and that although geochemistry is strongly dependent on source rock and maturity, they are generally characterized by ethane contents greater than 1% and δ13C values for methane of greater than -50‰. In general the amount of natural gas formed increases as a sedimentary unit progresses through the various stages of gas generation (Claypool et al., 1978; Jenden et al., 1993). The gas formed during each of these stages has a characteristic chemical composition and stable carbon isotope ratio for methane. Biogenic gas is predominantly methane that is isotopically light (δ13C = -90 to -55‰). Methane originating during the thermal generation of petroleum is always accompanied by ethane and heavier hydrocarbons, and is isotopically heavier (δ13C = -55 to 35‰). Data from samples compiled by Scott (1993) for the San Juan, Piceance, and Black Warrior Basins, for coal classified as high-volatile C bituminous rank, indicates δ13C values for methane of -49.3 to -60.2‰, δD values for methane of 223 to -256‰, and δ13C values for ethane of -29.2 to -30.8‰. Data for samples compiled by Laughrey and Baldassare (1998) for coalbed methane in the central Appalachian Basin indicate δ13C values for methane of -39.9to -55.1‰ and values of δD for methane of -194 to -219‰. The accident investigation team collected gas samples from UBB, another longwall mine in the Eagle seam located 14 miles away, and from separate gas wells producing from the Greenbrier Formation and Marcellus Shale within seven miles of the 1 North Panel. The hydrocarbon contents and stable isotope ratios were compared and plotted on discrimination diagrams to determine the sources of gas entering the mine, and to understand the role of gas in the geologic model. Samples from the other Eagle seam longwall mine were collected from gas feeders that were discovered on June 7, and October 25, 2010. The gas content (by mole) of the June 7 event contained 90.141% methane, 4.188% ethane, 1.496% propane, 0.838% combined butanes, 0.458% combined pentanes, 0.264% hexanes, 0.127% heptanes, and 0.203% hydrogen. The gas content from the October 25 event contained 98.27% methane, 1.23% ethane, 0.3% propane, 0.11% combined butanes, 0.03% combined pentanes, and 0.01% C6+ hydrocarbons. Therefore, the relatively high ethane content (>4%), and presence of propane, butane, pentane, hexane, and heptane (i.e. a “wet” composition) is an indication that the floor gas represents natural gas derived from a source other than a coal seam. Plots of stable isotope values indicate that the gas was derived from a Type II kerogen, such as expected for organicrich shale. This suggests a source in the Devonian-aged black shale such as the Marcellus/Millboro/Lower Huron. Plots of stable isotope values on discrimination diagrams developed by Jenden et al. (1993) indicate a vitrinite reflectance value of approximately 0.7-0.8% for the source rock, which is at the lower range of vitrinite reflectance reported for the Lower Huron of western West Virginia, a source of Type II kerogen. Several samples of gas were collected at different times by MSHA, WVOMHST, and company investigators from floor feeders located behind the shield pontoons on the longwall face at shield 160 and shield 170. The immediate vicinity of the floor feeders were characterized by a distinctive smell similar to that noted at the other Eagle seam longwall mine, and registered high values of methane and CO. The samples were characterized by gas contents of 40.61% (90.15% normalized to 100% hydrocarbons) methane, 2.7% (5.99%) ethane and 1.21% (2.68%) propane, as well as 0.135% (0.3%) and 0.188% (0.41%) iso-butane and nbutane, respectively; 0.04% (0.08%) and 0.0202% (0.04%) iso-pentane and npentane, respectively, and; 0.018% (0.04%) hydrocarbons including or heavier than hexane. The sample also contained 0.279% hydrogen, and no CO, despite a hand-held methane detector indicating several hundred parts per million CO. These samples are chemically and isotopically very similar to those collected from the other Eagle seam longwall mine, and are representative of organic shale-derived thermogenic gas, rather than biogenic gas derived from humic coal. Numerous samples were collected by MSHA and company investigators from small feeders emanating from the floor throughout the HG 22 and ‘new’ TG 22 sections. Analysis results indicate a different kind of gas than that sampled at shield 160-170 or the other Eagle seam longwall mine. In contrast to those samples, which contained significant ethane and other heavier hydrocarbons, the HG 22 and TG 22 samples were characterized by methane content of 75-78%, with only 0.01-0.02% ethane and insignificant or nondetectable contents of C2+ hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the samples contained no hydrogen, and during the sampling process the hand-held gas detector indicated no CO. Although subsequent analyses indicated that no CO is actually present in any of the samples, a CO reading of several hundred parts per million is simply a proxy for hydrogen, which the hand-held detector is incapable of registering. These samples were also subjected to determination of stable isotope contents, and plotted on discrimination diagrams for comparison with other collected samples, where they represent a distinct and separate sample population The source of coalbed methane bubblers may be the Lower (Little) Eagle seam, based on an absence of hydrocarbons higher than methane, although isotopes suggest some mixing with a deeper thermogenic source. A sample of Eagle seam coal was collected from the longwall face on August 31, 2010 in an aluminum desorption canister for determination of hydrocarbon content. After a prolonged period of desorption, five 15-cc test tubes of gas were obtained from the sample, and sent for analysis. Because the desorbed samples were highly diluted with air, chemical analysis indicated only 0.580% (mole) methane but failed to detect any C2+ hydrocarbons in the sample. This is an indication that the gas is typical of coalbed methane, but may also represent that last residual gas to desorb from the coal. Nitrogen and oxygen contents were similar to expected for ambient air, at 77.55% and 20.85%, respectively. Because of the very low sample volume and high dilution, the results may not be conclusive, since ethane occurs at such a small ratio to methane even in samples of natural gas. However, stable isotope contents for methane indicated a δ13C value of -61.68‰ and a δD value of -247‰, which is indicative of microbial gas. Thus, it appears that gas derived from the Eagle seam itself is different from the coalbed methane gas emanating from floor bubblers, as well as the natural gas emanating from floor fractures. A chemical analysis was obtained from Equitable Resources for well no. 7645 (API 005-00810) developed to the Greenbrier Formation, indicating over 89% methane, 4.8% ethane, 1.7% propane, 0.3% iso-butane, 0.6% n-butane, 0.2% iso-pentane, 0.2% n-pentane, and 0.4% content of hexane and longer hydrocarbons. This composition is very similar, in terms of the presence of longer-chain hydrocarbons, to the samples collected from the floor feeders at the other Eagle seam longwall mine, and from the floor fractures at Shields 160-170. Chemical analyses were obtained from samples of gas from two EXCO Resources wells producing from the Devonian-aged Marcellus Shale, located 6.25-7 miles ESE of the 1 North Panel face (API No.’s 4708101435 and 4708101436). Data from these samples were plotted on discrimination diagrams together with other samples collected from the mine, and are considered the basis for comparison with natural gas (Figures O-1 to O-4). The samples plot very close to those collected from the other Eagle seam longwall mine and from shields 160-170, confirming previous interpretations that those samples represent natural gas rather than coalbed methane. Figure O-1. Plot of collected gas samples for δ 13C for methane (‰) and ethane versus vitrinite reflectance, after Berner and Faber (1996), indicating derivation from Type II kerogen, such as expected for organic shale. Vitrinite reflectance is unknown for Marcellus Shale beneath UBB, but values of 0.8% and 0.6% for samples collected from the American Eagle Mine and UBB, respectively, are based on Figure 46. Published data for area coal seams in the southern Appalachian Basin suggest that vitrinite reflectance may be as high as 0.9%. For both samples, values lie along the curve defined for methane, but diverge significantly from the curve defined for ethane. Red stars indicate samples that contain C2+ hydrocarbons; green stars indicate samples with little or no C2+ hydrocarbons. Blue stars indicate composition of natural gas produced from the Marcellus Shale. Figure O-2. Discrimination diagram from Whiticar (1996) showing gas fields based on plotting δ 13 C for methane (‰) versus δ D for methane (‰). Red stars indicate samples that contain C2+ hydrocarbons; green stars indicate samples with little or no C2+ hydrocarbons. Blue star indicates samples that were obtained from the Dorothy 45 and Dorothy 47 wells, which produce natural gas from the Marcellus Shale. Del D Methane (per mil) .340 .300 -260 -220 -180 -140 -100 -65 Eagle Seam LW Face -60 ~ Microbial Gas Speed-14 -55 Mixed =E -50 95' inby ss24391 (22HG) .,..._ Q. ., .5 ~ 1: .r; -45 ...."'., 22TG-3 .7 ~ ~ Q.;. ~ u (') ..... ., -40 0 ~ 22HG Mouth-1 -"' u 0 I 22TG-1 I .35 0:: .0 I 22HG-1 I .,u ..._ ::l 0 .0 Speed-12 I .0 .30 -25 ~------------------------------~----~ Figure O-3. Discrimination diagram after Jenden et al. (1993) showing fields of microbial and thermogenic gas based on plotting values of δ 13C for methane (‰) and δ D for methane (‰). Values for vitrinite reflectance are shown for comparison. Red stars indicate samples that contain C2+ hydrocarbons; green stars indicate samples with little or no C2+ hydrocarbons. Blue star indicates samples that were obtained from the Dorothy 45 and Dorothy 47 wells, which produce natural gas from the Marcellus Shale. (/) Figure O-4. Discrimination diagram showing fields of gas from microbial and thermogenic sources, based on comparison of C1, C2, and C3 hydrocarbons (ratio of methane to combined ethane and propane), compared to δ 13C for methane (‰). Diagram modified from Whiticar, 1996). Red stars indicate samples that contain C2+ hydrocarbons; green stars indicate samples with little or no C2+ hydrocarbons. Blue star represents samples obtained from the Dorothy 45 and Dorothy 47 wells, which produce natural gas from the Marcellus Shale. References Berner, U. and Faber, E., 1996, Empirical carbon isotope/maturity relationships for gases from algal kerogens and terrigenous organic matter, based on dry, open-system pyrolysis. Organic Geochemistry, v. 24, p. 947.955. Claypool, G.E., Threlkeld, C.N., and Bostick, N.H., 1978, Natural gas occurrence related to regional thermal rank of organic matter (maturity) in Devonian rocks of the Appalachian Basin. Proceedings of the Second Eastern Gas Shales Symposium, Morgantown, WV, October 16-18, v. 1, p. 54-65. Jenden, P.D., Drazan, D.J., and Kaplan, I.R., 1993, Mixing of thermogenic natural gases in northern Appalachian basin. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 77, p. 980-998. rd Krauskopf, K.B. and Bird, D.K., 1995, Introduction to Geochemistry, 3 Ed. McGraw Hill, Boston, MA, 647 p. Kim, A.G., 1973, The composition of coalbed gas. Bureau of Mines, Report of Investigation 7762, 9 p. Kim, A.G., 1974, Low-temperature evolution of hydrocarbon gases from coal. Bureau of Mines, Report of Investigation 7965, 23 p. Laughrey, C.D. and Baldassare, F.J., 1998, Geochemistry and origin of some natural gases in the plateau province, central Appalachian basin, Pennsylvania and Ohio. AAPG Bulletin, v. 82, p. 317-335. Schoell, M., 1983, Genetic characterization of natural gases. AAPG Bulletin, v. 67, p. 2225-2238. Scott, A.R., 1993, Composition and origin of coalbed gases from selected basins in the United States, in Proceedings of the international coalbed methane symposium, Birmingham, Alabama, May 17-21, v. 1, p. 207-222. Whiticar, M.J., 1996, Stable isotope geochemistry of coals, humic kerogens and related natural gases. International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 32, p. 191-215. APPENDIX RECONSTRUCTION OF VENTILATION MAP CAN BE FOUND IN THE BACK OF THE BINDER EIDUL _qa? WEE I BE DJIDDCC 66,350 CFM (3-24-10 Weekly) (Location not identified in record book) WEST JARRELLS MAINS Tim AJUDUEU ?7 HEADGATE 22 18,848 CFM (5:16 am. call out 4-5-10 Preshift) NOT RECORDED (3-31-10 Weekly) 20,822 CFM (2:35 p.m. call out 3-31-10 Preshift) 17,370 CFM (3-24-10 Weekly) 22,346 CFM (2:40 p.m. call out 3-24-10 Preshift) BB 5 No. 2 COMPRESSED AIR LINE SHAFT MMU-O29-O POWER BOREHOLE PANEL No. 2 GROSSOVER I eagemegekmm, (Identi?ed in testimony in area of glory hole.) A 32,360 CFM (2:38 p.m. call out 4-5-10 Preshift) NOT RECORDED (week ending 4-3-10 Weekly) 61,310 CFM (3-30-10 Weekly) 31,375 CFM (2:30 p.m. call out 3-30-10 Preshift) NOT RECORDED (week ending 3-27-10 Weekly) 50,335 CFM (3-23-10 Weekly) 28,000 CFM (2:25 p.m. call out 3-23-10 Preshift) EP-LW1 . 44 TRE RDED 4- -1 kl 136,500 CFM (3-29-10 Weekly) 10,957 CFM (3_29_10 Weekly) CO (wee 3 0 ee y) 135,625 CFM (3-22-10 Weekly) 11,244 CFM (3-22-10 Weekly) cou'd mt get to EP water (3?23-10 weekm 145,750 CFM 3-29-10 kl 141 250 CFM (3-22-10 Win); 22'333 50,200 CFM (3-30-10 Weekly) 50,190 CFM (3-30-10 Weekly) NOT RECORDED (3-23-10 Weekly) 50.940 CFM (3-23-10 Weekly) ?1 120,600 CFM (3-29-10 Weekly) 67,200 CFM (3-29-10 Weekly) 120,900 CFM (3-22-10 Weekly) 71,500 CFM (3-22-10 Weekly) 15 10 1 (Location not identified in record book) 7: [j a 6, 4111 HUDDEDEDCE :1 E7 a ?>gii ?ll?mul -UDGUDECEL 9 0 4) 3m BE ?3 $31222 gill 813318112238 I3 GEUI UL q\/r DDULUDEDDEI Meme) <9 13 8,340 CFM (3-23-10 Weekly) 0 a I L, 9 EDD UBDBDEUDK 7 mm or I EDD a Erjr m?gmgl j? EEWW,pJTj BE JHUI UGBGF 12,332 CFM (2:40 p.m. call out 4-5-10 Preshift) 12,436 CFM (2:30 p.m. call out 3-30-10 Preshift) I 12,420 CFM (2:35 p.m. call out 3-23-10 Preshift) DD 56,840 CFM (2:40 p.m. call out 4-5-10 Preshift) 55,580 CFM (2:30 p.m. call out 3-30-10 Preshift) 1? 58,040 CFM (2:35 p.m. call out 3-23-10 Preshift) I Not Recorded (3-30-10 Weekly) Not Recorded (3-23-10 Weekly) '0 15,010 CFM (3-30-10 Weekly) 16,010 CFM (3-23-10 Weekly) #1 BOREHOLE VERTICAL TURBINE PUMP EP-TG1 8,300 CFM (3-30-10 Weekly) 9,050 CFM (3-23-10 Weekly) 9,160 CFM (3-30-10 Weekly) 10,110 CFM (3-23-10 Weekly) #2 BOREHOLE VERTICAL TURBINE PUMP o. 1 COMPRESSED AIR LINE SHAFT 72,435 CFM (3-30-10 Weekly) 75,900 CFM (3-23-10 Weekly) I: 2 27,120 CFM (3-30-10 Weekly) 27,000 CFM (3-23-10 Weekly) DD DD DEED CEIEUDCE EUDDEDR a PANEL NO. 1 CROSSOVER SEALSET15 STOPPING EQUIPMENT DOOR OVERCAST WITH MANDOOR AND HOLE INTAKE AIR COURSE FAN MAPPING NOTES APPENDIX STOPPING WITH HOLE TRACK STOPPING WITH MANDOOR EQUIPMENT DOOR WITH HOLE BELT AIR COURSE CROSSOUT NUMBER - CONVEYOR BELT VGHJEIIOJEIOH lVlO REGULATOR RETURN AIR COURSE VERIFICATION OF VENTILATION CONTROLS ONLY STOPPING WITH MANDOOR AND HOLE EVALUATION POINT SEAL COMPLETED IN ACCESSIBLE AREAS 30D BELT CHECK OVERCAST BELT AIR CONTAMINATED I 2 Upper Big Bronch Mine South WITH RETURN AIR CURTAIN . A RIN INT OVERCAST WITH HOLE ?3 Performonce Cool Company FLYPAD LEGEND OVERCAST WITH MANDOOR BELT HEAD ROOF FALL Scale 93,32 MSHA ID NO. 46?08436 APPENDIX PETROGRAPHIC ANALYSES Appendix Q Petrographic Analysis of Roof and Floor, 1 North Panel Face Samples of the roof and floor were collected from the tailgate side of the 1 North Panel face so that petrographic analyses could be conducted. Results of mineral content were plotted on a diagram to assess the incendive potential of the rock encountered by the shearing drums. Underground observations indicated that the tailside drum was cutting sandstone in the roof and floor, while the headside drum was cutting sandstone in the floor. A sample of rock from the face, directly in contact with the top of the coal seam, had been ejected outward onto the tail drive. The sample contains two rock types, coarsegrained micaceous quartzo-feldspathic siltstone interbedded with medium-grained feldspathic wacke (arkose). The siltstone layers are characterized by gradational laminations in color, highlighted by changes in the relative proportions of biotite and quartz + feldspar. Alternating bands of brown coloration are due to the proportion of biotite in bands that are less than 1 mm thick. Angular, commonly jagged grains of quartz (7% content, 0.03-0.2 mm diameter) are sporadically distributed throughout the rock, with individual grains commonly isolated by a matrix of biotite and muscovite lathes (Figure Q-1). Less commonly, quartz grains touch along tangential boundaries. Quartz grains also commonly touch plagioclase grains along tangential boundaries. Angular, jagged-edged grains of plagioclase (25% content, 0.04-0.2 mm diameter) touch along tangential boundaries and commonly show moderate to heavy sericite alteration. Thin, ragged flakes of biotite (15% content, 0.04-0.2 mm diameter) are abundantly distributed, with individual flakes isolated or concentrated in clusters between quartz and plagioclase. Flakes are oriented parallel and their abundance defines color banding in alternating layers (Figure Q-2). Biotite flakes are compacted around angular corners of quartz and plagioclase grains. Rarely, some flakes are completely altered to chlorite. Thin lathes and ragged flakes of muscovite (5% lathe content, 48% content including matrix sericite, 0.01-0.1 mm diameter) are sporadically distributed with individual lathes or flakes abundantly intermixed with quartz and plagioclase. Fine-grained flakes represent a matrix that generally surrounds individual grains of quartz and plagioclase and occupies angular interstices. In other layers, individual lathes are isolated between angular grains of sericitized plagioclase. Figure Q-1. Angular grains of quartz (white, yellow) and plagioclase (gray, with dusty sericite alteration) are generally surrounded by a matrix of biotite (dark brown), muscovite (brightly speckled), and illite or very fine-grained muscovite in this sample of coarse siltstone from the 1 North Panel face roof. Field of view 1 mm at 100X. Figure Q-2. The roof rock, viewed in plane polarized light, reveals how changes in the concentration of biotite mica impart the effect of color banding in the coarse siltstone collected from the 1 North Panel face roof. Field of view 1 mm at 100X. The sandstone, characterized as feldspathic arenite/wacke or arkose, is comprised of angular grains of quartz, plagioclase, and minor microcline that touch along tangential or concavo-convex boundaries, with individual grains or clusters of grains surrounded by a matrix of illite or very fine-grained muscovite (Figure Q-3). Angular, commonly jagged grains of quartz, ranging in size from 0.07-0.6 mm in diameter and constituting 43% of the rock, touch along tangential or concavo-convex boundaries. Angular grains of plagioclase, ranging in size from 0.07-0.4 mm in diameter and constituting 34% of the rock, touch along tangential and concavo-convex boundaries, and are commonly intermixed between larger quartz grains, and exhibit light to moderate sericite alteration. Angular grains of microcline, ranging in size from 0.2-0.3 mm in diameter and constituting 6% of the rock, are sparsely distributed, surrounded by angular grains of quartz and plagioclase. Ragged lathes of muscovite (5% lathe content, 17% including sericite, 0.04-1.1 mm diameter) are sporadically distributed, with individual lathes isolated by surrounding quartz and feldspars (Figure Q-4). Figure Q-3. Layer of feldspathic arenite interbedded with coarse siltstone from the roof of 1 North Panel face is characterized by angular grains of quartz (white), plagioclase (gray, with dusty sericite alteration), and rare microcline (plaid black and gray) that touch along tangential and concavo-convex boundaries that leave few interstices for illite/muscovite matrix material. Field of view 2.4 mm at 40X. Figure Q-4. Angular grains of quartz (white, shadowed) and plagioclase (gray, with dusty sericite alteration) touch along straight, tangential, and concavo-convex boundaries that leave few interstices for illite/muscovite matrix. Field of view 1 mm at 100X. A sample of the floor (LWTG ss22582) was collected for petrographic study from the 1 North Panel tailgate entry, from a layer of heaved up sandstone 36 feet outby the longwall face, beneath survey station 22582 (Figure Q-5). Extraction of sandstone from the floor heave slab’s brow fully exposed the crack and confirmed earlier observations that the fracture was rootless, and did not extend farther than 12 inches into the floor (Figure Q-6). Based on petrographic study, the rock is classified as fine-grained feldspathic arenite/subarkose sandstone. In general, angular grains of quartz, plagioclase, and minor microcline interlock along straight, concavo-convex, and sutured boundaries with small flakes of muscovite sporadically scattered throughout the rock. Small, angular interstices between quartz and plagioclase are filled with sericite, and plagioclase grains commonly exhibit light to moderate sericite alteration. Angular quartz grains, ranging in size from 0.03-0.2 mm in diameter and constituting 74% of the rock, interlock with each other and plagioclase along straight, concavo-convex, and less commonly, sutured boundaries, especially between quartz grains. Small patches of quartz grains exhibit sutured boundaries that meet at 120° angles. In layers with more sericite in larger interstices, grain to grain contacts may become tangential. Interstitial material and open spaces are rare, with mostly grain to grain contacts. Angular plagioclase grains, ranging in size from 0.07-0.1 mm in diameter and constituting 11% of the rock, interlock with surrounding quartz grains along concavo-convex and straight boundaries. Grains are commonly lightly to moderately altered to sericite (Figure Q-7). Less commonly, grains interlock with quartz along complexly intergrown, sutured boundaries. Angular microcline grains, ranging in size from 0.1-0.2 mm in diameter and constituting 2% of the rock, are roughly rectangular and distributed sparsely throughout the rock, with individual grains surrounded by quartz and plagioclase, with which they interlock along straight and concavo-convex boundaries. Flakes of biotite, ranging in size from 0.07-0.2 mm in diameter and constituting 5% of the rock, are sporadically distributed uniformly throughout the rock, with individual flakes isolated by surrounding grains of quartz, plagioclase, and microcline. Areas of locally higher biotite content represent discontinuous mica-rich interbeds within the sandstone matrix. The long axes of flakes are aligned roughly parallel, reflecting indistinct bedding. Some flakes have been extensively altered to chlorite. Flakes of muscovite, ranging in size from 0.01-0.4 mm in diameter and constituting 8% of the rock if illite and “sericite” is included, are sparsely distributed throughout the rock, with individual flakes isolated between surrounding grains of quartz and feldspar. Muscovite flakes represent only 3% of the rock, with interstitial illite or sericite representing 5%. Angular grains of accessory apatite are sparsely distributed throughout the rock, with individual grains isolated by surrounding quartz and feldspars. Figure Q-5. Sample of sandstone was collected from floor heave brow beneath survey station 22582 in 1 North Panel longwall tailgate, 36 feet outby the face. Brow of heaved sandstone slab reveals rootless crack. Figure Q-6. View of exposed floor heave crack looking straight down, with hammer and tape measure for scale. The crack is rootless and dies out approximately 12 inches into the floor at a layer of shale. Figure Q-7. In fine-grained feldspathic arenite/subarkose sandstone from floor, angular grains of quartz (yellow, gray) and plagioclase (wavy shades of gray) interlock along straight, concavo-convex, and sutured boundaries, with only minor amounts of mica or sericite in small, rare interstices. Cluster of quartz grains at center of view interlock along sutured boundaries that meet at roughly 120° angles, indicating compaction recrystallization. Field of view 1 mm at 100X. Compared to the sample collected from the roof, the floor sample contains a much greater quartz content, and is characterized by a much greater degree of grain interlocking, with a significant number of concavo-convex and sutured boundaries. Several areas exhibit sutured boundaries along quartz grains that meet at 120° angles, indicating a degree of diagenetic compaction recrystallization. Similarly, mica flakes are wrapped around obdurate quartz grains due to intense compaction. Due to the higher quartz content in the floor sandstone, it has a higher average Mohs Hardness value of 6.31, compared to a value of 5.83 for the sandstone in the roof, or 3.64 for the dark gray siltstone in the roof. Furthermore, the floor sandstone appears to be more fine-grained, with maximum grains sizes of 0.2 mm compared to grains sizes of 0.4-0.6 mm in the roof sandstone. The grain size distribution also seems more uniform in the floor sandstone. Based on the mineral contents determined by thin section petrography, the samples were plotted on the ternary diagram developed by Ward et al. (2001) for comparison with the incendivity index developed for rocks in Australian coal mines (Figure Q-8). The layers of coarse siltstone, which contain a high mica content, plot in Category 1, indicating a low potential for frictional ignition. In contrast, the sandstone plots in Category 4, indicating a high potential for frictional ignition. The floor sandstone very nearly plots in the Category 5 zone, due to its high quartz content. It should be noted that the incendivity index applies to rock-on-rock and metal-on-rock ignitions. Thus, sandstone falling in the gob behind the shields, or sandstone being struck by bits on the shearer would both represent potential ignition sources. Figure Q-8. Ternary diagram after Ward et al. (2001) showing relation of Upper Big Branch roof (red crosses) and floor (blue diamond) sandstone (SS) and siltstone (ss) to contour lines of incendivity index. Rocks with an incendivity index of 4-5 were shown in tests to have a high potential for frictional ignition. Although sandstone from roof and floor have similar incendivity indices, the floor sample is composed dominantly of quartz. APPENDIX WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM TO THE LONGWALL SHEARER DUST SPRAYS HEADGATE 22 TAILGATE #22 HEADGATE 1 NORTH WEST JARRELLS MAINS NORTH JARRELLS MAINS LONGWALL IVIULE T: Elev: 852 ft. MSL NODE S: Elev: 862 ft. MSL 1 NORTH LONGWALL TAILGAT NORTH 4/0 "Pr/9 04 ODE R: Elev: 910 ft. MSL 1000' 2000' 3000' NODE: (OUTLET OF PUMP 3-INCH DISCHARGE MANIFOLD) NODE: (PUMP) Elev: 852 ft. MSL ODE: Elev: 852 ft. MSL Elev: 852 ft. MSL ll 3D 31:] II II DECIDED a TRAIN ODE: (GLUT) Elev: 847 ft. MSL Elev: 842 ft. MSL I (ENTRANCE TO BRETBY CABLE HANDLER) A I ODE: (CONNECTION TO SHEAR) ODE: (DISTRIBUTION BOX ON EMULSION PANEL) @aA 1:76DECIDED EDD I DECIDED DUB 444/44? PARALLEL OLD NORTH MAINS Q: OLD NORTH MAINS Elm/1943 I PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE . A If If P: a) ElevELLIS PORTAL LBB SUB MAINS ODE N: Elev: 1014 ft. MSL ODE M: 1018 ft. MSL L: Elev: 1015 ft. MSL BARRIER SECTION (NO. 16 PANEL) 590 01?s? UBB PORTAL NODE A: Two Storage Tanks 0 Elev: 1308 ft. MSL ?5308? Elev: 1125 ft. MSL \z ?947 744 444/ ODE C: Q0 4/8 Elev: 1146 ft. MSL 053? I: 9 OD- h. {/Ellev: 1071 ft. MSL i ODE J: SILO PORTAL ODE D. NODE ODE E: lev: 1 97 ft. MSL . ?we CNODE F: Elev. 1128 ft. MSL Elev: 1131 ft. MSL ILTER SET 4 ODE G: 1 Elev: 1131 ft. MSL SEALED FIGURE LOCOIIOD WOIerlirTe the Mule Upper Big Branch Mine South Performance COOI Compony MSHA ID NO. 46?08436 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION TECHNICAL SUPPORT Appendix R: HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS REPORT Water Supply System to the Longwall Shearer Dust Sprays Upper Big Branch Mine-South (MSHA ID 46-08436) Montcoal (Raleigh County), WV April 5, 2010 PAR 98947 Prepared By: Derrick M. Tjernlund, PE Sr. Fire Protection Engineer November 26, 2011 -Originating OfficeApproval and Certification Center Mechanical and Engineering Safety Division Dennis Ferlich, Chief 765 Technology Drive Triadelphia, West Virginia 26059 2 Executive Summary This report identifies the methods and conclusions of an analysis conducted to determine the capability of the mine water system to adequately supply water to the Shearer dust sprays on the Longwall mining machine at the No. 1 Longwall Panel. This analysis was requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page. The analysis is based upon conditions believed to be existing just prior to the mine explosion of April 5, 2010. The methodology herein was a four step process: Step 1: Determine the rate of water flow needed for various equipment, along with the pressures at the equipment. In this case, the equipment in question was the dust control sprays on the longwall Shearer and related longwall equipment (longwall Shields and Stage Loader). Step 2: Evaluate the water supply to determine the available pressure for the needed flow at a strategic location in the water distribution system. For this analysis, the strategic location chosen was the discharge side of the booster pump on the longwall mule train (Node U on the corresponding mine map, Appendix R, Figure R-1). Step 3: Starting at the Shearer sprays and using the flows determined in Step 1, calculate hydraulic pressure losses traveling upstream to the same strategic location referenced in Step 2 (Node U). This provides the pressure required to maintain the needed flow determined in Step 1. Step 4: Compare the pressure required in Step 3 to the available pressure determined in Step 2. If the required pressure exceeds the available pressure, the water system is deemed inadequate. For the analysis conducted herein, the required pressure exceeded the available pressure for all the flow scenarios that were considered. The following assumptions and conditions apply to the analysis. 1. Because the fluid is water and all piping and hoses are assumed to have smooth internal linings, hydraulic pressure losses due to friction in the piping or hoses can be determined accurately using the Hazen-Williams formula. This accuracy is generally considered adequate for water up to velocities of approximately 25 feet per second. The Hazen-Williams formula is normally expressed as: Ploss = 4.52Q 1.85 L C 1.85 D 4.87 (R-1) 3 Where: Ploss = pressure loss in pounds per square inch (psi) end to end in the pipe or hose Q = flow through the pipe in gallons per minute (gpm) D = internal diameter of the pipe or hose (inches) L = length of the pipe or hose (feet) C = Hazen-Williams factor representing the internal smoothness of the pipe 2. A Hazen-Williams C value (pipe smoothness factor) of 150 was used for all calculations. The lower the C value, the rougher the pipe or hose lining and the greater will be the pressure losses for a given flow. A C value of 150 represents very smooth pipe or hoses in a typically brand new condition. This value is being used since the actual internal conditions of the hoses and piping is unknown. One method of determining the actual C values for piping would be to conduct a detail hydraulic profile flow test of the system. However, the water system was damaged by the explosion and out of service, thus eliminating any opportunity to flow test it. 3. Velocity pressure differences between any reference point and related locations were not considered where such differences were less than 4 psi, which was the case in all analyzed situations. Furthermore, flow velocities were well below the upper limit of about 25 feet per second. 4. The flow characteristics of the Shearer are based upon both flow testing conducted underground on the Shearer on December 20, 2010, and upon flow estimates based upon nozzle data received from the MSHA UBB accident investigation team. Four scenarios for various combinations of flows were considered in the analysis. 5. For large diameter piping and hoses, and for long runs of smaller hoses, minor losses for fittings were considered negligible and have been excluded from the analysis. Where minor losses were deemed important, details were included in the Node by Node description of the water system. Additionally, the main water line contained a number of in-line control valves to isolate sections of the water line for the purpose of maintenance. It is assumed all of theses valves were in the fully open position and any losses across these valves are negligible. 4 6. Elevations of important or useful locations in the mine were estimated using a mine map showing “bottom” elevations. These elevations are listed in feet above mean sea level (MSL) 1 . All elevations, pressure sources, pressure losses, and net pump discharge pressure have been converted to equivalent feet of head for inclusion on the hydraulic profiles (Figures R-2 through R-5). Before plotting the data on a hydraulic profile, each pressure head value must be added to the elevation at the location in question. The equivalent feet of head for a pressure value can be determined by multiplying the pressure in psi by 2.31. The equivalent pressure value in psi for a given feet of head can be found by dividing the head by 2.31. 7. For the analysis, calculated pressures were rounded down to the nearest whole psi for required pressures, and rounded up to the nearest whole psi for available pressures, except where the decimal value was within about 0.2 psi of a whole psi. For those cases, the pressure was rounded to the nearest whole psi. General Description of the Mine Water System The Upper Big Branch mine water supply was a gravity fed system supplemented with underground booster pumps placed at strategic locations. For the long wall section at the 1 North Panel, two booster pumps, arranged in parallel, were located on the most outby car of the longwall mule train. Water for the system was stored in two steel cone roof surface tanks located on the hilltop above the southeast corner of the mine near the Silo Portal where the No. 1 South Belt exits the mine. The bottom elevation of the tanks was reported to be 1308 feet above MSL. The main water line between the tanks and the various parts of the mine consisted primarily of PVC plastic piping known as “Yelomine” pipe, a trademark of the Certainteed Corporation. The wall thicknesses and pressure ratings for this type of pipe are based upon SDR (standard dimensional ratio number) specifications. The main water line is primarily 8-inch piping but there were some sections consisting of 6-inch piping, including a long run in the No. 1 Headgate North Mains. Yelomine piping sections visually examined had an SDR number of 13.5, giving it a pressure rating of 315 psig. The water system had two locations where filter canisters removed sediment or debris from the water. The first bank of filters consisted of ten filters in parallel located approximately midway in the East Mains. The second bank consisted of 1 “feet above mean sea level” is hereafter abbreviated “ft MSL”. 5 four filters in parallel located on the longwall mule train booster pump car. The filter media were metal baskets consisting of No. 60 sieve material 2 . Several weeks before the explosion, the mine operator had stopped using cloth bags, commonly referred to as socks, typically sized to filter either at the 10 micron or 100 micron particle size. The layout of the water system is shown on two mine views presented in Appendix R, Figure R-1. One view shows the overall water line routing from the tanks to the longwall mule train connection; the second view shows the routing from the mule train connection to the Shearer connection. In both views, important locations are identified with individually lettered node labels. Certain letters, specifically I and O, were not used to designate nodes to prevent possible confusion with the numbers one or zero. The nodes were established as part of this analysis for the convenience of specifying various strategic locations along the water system routing. Node to Node Description of the Water System Node information, along with estimated pipe lengths between nodes, is summarized in Table 9 and Table 10. Elevations and node descriptions are also shown in these two tables. As indicated above, node locations are shown on the Appendix R Mine Map, Figure R-1. Node A This node is at the discharge from the storage tanks. Its elevation was reported to be 1308 feet MSL. Assuming a tank height of 28 feet including cone roof, and a fill level of 25 feet within each tank, the elevation when the tank is full would be at approximately 1333 ft MSL. Piping to next node The exact route of piping was not determined, but was approximated based upon the location of most likely useful mine entries. It is assumed that all piping is 8-inch Yelomine with an SDR of 13.5. Node B The exact location of this node is assumed based upon the location of mine entries. The elevation is approximately 1125 ft MSL. Piping to next node As with the piping between Node A and B, the exact route of piping was not determined, but was approximated based upon the location of most likely 2 A US 60 sieve will prevent passage of particles larger than 250 microns. 6 useful mine entries. It is assumed that all piping is 8-inch Yelomine with an SDR of 13.5. Node C The exact location of this node is assumed. The connection point to the East Mains water line in this area could not be found due to a large build up of rib sloughage and rock dust which buried this part of the water line. The elevation is approximately 1146 ft MSL. Piping to next node Except for the portion near the No 1 belt Silo Portal exit where the pipe was covered in sloughage, the piping was field verified as 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. It ran on the mine floor alongside the belt conveyor in the East Mains. Node D This node is located at the No. 17 Break of the East Mains belt entry, at approximately 1128 ft MSL. Piping to next node This piping was field verified as 6-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping which moved over to an adjacent entry for two breaks, possibly to avoid the congestion created by a section-belt dumping point onto the main belt at Break 18. Node E This node is located at the No. 19 Break of the East Mains in the belt entry. It’s elevation is approximately 1128 ft MSL. Piping to next node This piping was field verified as 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. It ran on the mine floor alongside the No.1 Belt conveyor in the East Mains. Nodes F and G These two nodes are at an elevation of approximately 1131 ft MSL. They are located in the belt entry, between break Nos. 24 and 25, and represent the connections into and out of a filter set consisting of ten parallel metal basket filters contained within individual cylindrical stainless steel pressure enclosures. These filters are Rosedale model 8-30-2P-150-S-B-S-BM60 filters. Even under the highest flow rate considered (344 gpm), the flow through this filter set would be split roughly equally between the ten filters, or about 35 gpm through each. Examination of performance curves in the Rosedale 7 technical literature indicate that at a flow of approximately 35 gpm, the loss across the filter is about 0.1 psi. Even with the short lengths of intervening 2inch piping and fittings, the loss across the entire filter set is considered negligible at less than 1 psi. Piping to next node This piping was field verified as 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. As before, it ran on the mine floor alongside the No.1 Belt conveyor in the East Mains. Node H This node is located at the No. 49 Break of the East Mains in the belt entry. It’s elevation is approximately 1097 ft MSL. At this point, the line makes a 90 degree turn into the Northeast Mains. Piping to next node This piping was field verified as 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. It ran on the mine floor alongside the Northeast Mains belt conveyor line. Node J This node is located at the No. 15 Break of the Northeast Mains in the belt line entry. It’s elevation is approximately 1071 ft MSL. Piping to next node At Node J, the 8 inch piping reduces to 6-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping and moved over to the adjoining parallel entry for two breaks. Node K This node is located at the No. 17 Break of the Northeast Mains in the belt conveyor entry. It’s elevation was also approximately 1071 ft MSL. Piping to next node At Node K, the 6-inch piping transitions back to 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping and continued along the belt line. At about No. 31/32 Break, the water line was located near the roof, crossing over the track entering along the North Portal Mains. Node L This node is located at the No. 51 Break of the East Mains in the belt entry. It’s elevation was approximately 1015 ft MSL. Piping to next node At Node L, the water line rerouted over to the adjacent track entry and continued along the track for approximately 4 breaks. It then returned to the 8 belt entry at No. 56 Break and continued inby. This piping was field verified as 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. Starting at No. 56 Break, the Northeast Mains became the North Mains. Node M This node is located between the No. 59 and 60 Breaks of the North Mains in the belt entry. It’s elevation is approximately 1018 ft MSL. Piping to next node At Node M, the piping reduced to 6-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. It ran on the mine floor alongside the Belt conveyor. However, the belt conveyor ends at No. 61 Break. Node N This node is located between the No. 62 and 63 Breaks of the North Mains in the belt entry. It’s elevation is approximately 1014 ft MSL. Piping to next node This piping was field verified as 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. It ran on the mine floor in the former belt entry in the North Mains. This run of pipe is the second longest section of piping at just over 7000 feet in length. Node P This node is located at the No. 128 Break of the North Mains. It’s elevation is approximately 944 ft MSL. At this location, an in-line pressure reducing valve (CLA-VAL model CLA 90-01/690, rated at 0 to 300 psi) was installed. Statements by mine personnel indicated the valve was set to maintain a maximum pressure of 150 psig to the inlet of the booster pump at the longwall mule train. Based upon the difference in elevation between the pump and this reducing valve, the valve would have been set to reduce pressure to approximately 115 psig at the reducing valve outlet. (The pump is located at Node U.) Piping to next node This piping was field verified as 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. It continued north, and at the No. 134 Break of the North Mains, crossed the east/west track serving the Ellis Portal. It continued one more break north to the No. 4 belt entry in the Old North Mains. Node Q This node is located at Survey Station # 18655 in the Old North Mains. It has an elevation of approximately 943 ft MSL. 9 Piping to next node This piping was field verified as 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. It ran on the mine floor alongside the belt conveyor in the Old North Mains. This is the longest run of water line at just under 7700 feet in length. Node R This node is located at the No. 76 Break of the Old North Mains belt entry. It’s elevation is approximately 910 ft MSL. Piping to next node From this node, the water line turns into the belt entry in the North Glory Mains. The piping was field verified as 8-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. Node S This node is located between the No. 103 and 104 Break of the North Glory Mains. It’s elevation is approximately 862 ft MSL. At this location, the water line flow path splits into two directions. The first direction is the existing the 8-inch line continuing inby along the belt conveyor toward for the No. 22 Longwall panel development section. The other flow path, the 6-inch pipe discussed next, is routed in the adjacent parallel entry to the belt entry for the No. 1 Headgate North Mains. Piping to next node This piping was field verified as 6-inch Yelomine, SDR 13.5 piping. It ran on the mine floor alongside the No. 1 Longwall Panel belt conveyor toward the mule train. At the No. 8 Break of the No. 1 Headgate North Mains, the track enters this entry and continues inby alongside the water line. Node T This node is located just inby No. 17 Break of the No. 1 Headgate North Mains. It’s elevation is approximately 852 ft MSL. Piping to next node At this node, the 6-inch pipe changes to 4-inch hydraulic hose. This arrangement consisted of approximately 26 feet of 4-inch hydraulic hose connected to a 5 foot length of 4-inch schedule 40 steel pipe. Four 2-inch schedule 40 steel pipes tap off of the 4-inch pipe to feed four individual metal basket filters, each in a stainless steel filter housing. On the discharge side of the filters, 2-inch piping then connected the flow to a second 4-inch schedule 40 steel pipe approximately 7 feet long which fed the suction sides of the two parallel booster pumps. 10 The four filters were similar to the ten filters at the filter set located between Nodes F and G. The valving to one of the four filters was found shut, thus splitting the maximum considered flow of 344 gpm pump flow approximately evenly between the other three filters, or approximately 115 gpm through each. Even at this higher flow, the pressure loss across the filters was less than 1 psi and thus considered negligible. However, the 115 gpm flow through the 2inch piping was not considered negligible. The 2-inch piping consisted of approximately 4 feet of actual pipe and 51 feet of equivalent pipe for the fittings consisting of four elbows, two gate valves, and one tee (total of 55 feet of equivalent 2 inch pipe). The equivalent pipe length for the fittings is based upon a Hazen-Williams C value of 150. To simplify the analysis, the Hazen-Williams equation was used to determine an equivalent length of 4 inch hose for the three parallel paths of 55 feet of 2-inch hose. This can be expressed as: 1.85 4.52Q41.85 C 41.85 D44.87 ⎛Q ⎞ 4.52⎜ 4 ⎟ ⎝ 3 ⎠ L4 = 1.85 C 2 D24.87 L2 (R-2) Here the subscripts refer to the 2-inch and 4-inch pipe respectively. Assuming the C values for both pipes are the same (150) and using nominal diameter for the four inch hose (4.00 inches) and the schedule 40 steel pipe diameter (2.067 inches) for the 2-inch pipe, solving equation R-2 for L4 yields an equivalent length of 180 feet for a single four inch hose carrying 344 gpm versus three parallel paths of 55 feet of 2-inch steel pipe, each carrying 115 gpm. In addition to the 26 feet of 4-inch hydraulic hose, the total 4 inch steel pipe was approximately 11 feet in length. This brings the total length of equivalent four inch hose to 217 feet (26+180+11). Node U This node is located at the longwall mule train No. 1 booster pump. The pump is on the first car of the mule train just inby No. 17 Break of Headgate No. 1 North Mains. The elevation of this node is approximately 852 ft MSL. There are actually two booster pumps plumbed in parallel. They were normally operated one at a time. After the accident, the pump located on the pump car toward the belt side of the entry (referred to as pump No. 1) was found with its valves open, indicating it was in use. The inlet and discharge valves for the other pump (referred to as pump No. 2) were found closed. 11 The nameplate data for the No. 1 booster pump is: Mfgr: Sunflo Model: P3-BVK s/n B1020796-01 Rating: 350 gpm at 1470 feet discharge head The No. 1 pump is powered by a three-phase AC induction motor with the following nameplate data. Mfgr: Reliance Electric Horsepower: 300 Volts: 460 Amps: 326 Service factor: 1.15 Model: P44G5183B Frame: 449TS Design: B Speed: 3570 RPM For reference, the No. 2 booster pump had a rating of 350 gpm at 1480 feet of head, and was thus nearly identical to the No. 1 pump. Piping to next node This piping is the discharge manifold off the pump and consists of 3-inch schedule 40 steel pipe. Together with the fittings, the equivalent length of 3inch piping was 68 feet. Node V This node is at the inby end of the pump discharge manifold piping where the discharge flows into two parallel 2-inch hydraulic hoses. The elevation is also 852 ft MSL. Piping to next node This piping consists of two 2-inch hydraulic hoses running in parallel on the mine floor to No. 20 Break, where it turns and travels over to the longwall belt entry. Node W This node is located at a water distribution box referred to as the “glut.” At the glut, the flow connects to the hoses running in the longwall monorail system. The elevation of the glut is approximately 847 ft MSL. 12 Piping to next node This piping is two 2-ich hydraulic hoses running in parallel on the monorail system. Node X At this node, located approximately one break outby the location of the longwall face, the two monorail 2-inch hoses connect into a distribution box that splits the incoming flow into three out going flows: water to the Shear, water to the shield dust sprays, and water to the Stage Loader sprays and cooling for the crusher motor. It is assumed for the analysis that all three flows normally add to the flow rating of the booster pumps of 350 gpm, which would be the basis for the rating of the pumps used. The elevation of this node is approximately 842 ft MSL. Piping to next node For the supply to the Shearer, the water traveled in a single 2-inch hydraulic hose that ran in a hose/wire bundle suspended beneath the chain conveyor framing. The elevation of this node is approximately 840 ft MSL. Node Y This node is located where the 2-inch hydraulic hose connects to the hose in the Bretby cable handler. This is a traveling cable tray that runs between the center of the longwall and the Shearer. It allows cables and the water supply needed by the Shearer to travel back and forth with the Shearer as it traverses the length of the longwall from headgate to tailgate. Piping to next node This piping is single 2-inch hydraulic hose that is enclosed in the Bretby cable handler. Node Z This node is located at the Shearer water inlet connection on the Shearer body. At the location where the Shearer was found after the accident, the elevation was approximately 851 ft MSL. 13 STEP 1, Longwall Shearer Water Requirements There are two aspects to developing the flow characteristics of the longwall Shearer. The first is to develop an estimate for minimum acceptable needed flow to the sprays on the Shearer to meet the requirements of the approved dust control plan. The second is to develop an estimate of the actual hydraulic characteristics of the Shearer water spray distribution system. Required minimum Shearer flow per the dust control plan The shearer dust sprays included a mixture of nozzles of various types different from those listed in the approved dust control plan. The approved dust control plan listed Conflow Code 2801CC full-cone staplelock nozzles having a 1/16inch orifice. However, documentation from the mine operator indicated use of 116 nozzles identified as Flow Technologies model 791C full cone staplelock sprays having 3/32-inch orifices (0.094 inches). There were also 41 sprays listed as made by the Spraying Systems Company. Field examination of the nozzles confirmed them to be those made by Flow Technologies. Flow Technologies maintains that at the same pressure, their nozzles produce equivalent flow and patterns to Conflow nozzles having 3/32 inch orifice. The field examination found that approximately 1/3 of the installed staplelock sprays were jet sprays, with the remainder being cone sprays. Each pattern type produces a different flow rate at any given pressure. The Spraying Systems nozzles were reported as model BD-5, based upon field examination of the nozzles installed on the Shearer and Stage Loader. Some spare nozzles found in the longwall supply area were BD-3 or Steinin 5-5 nozzles. Steinin indicated their 5-5 nozzles had the same flow characteristics as the Spraying Systems BD-5 nozzles. There were no BD-3 nozzles observed as installed on the Shearer or Stage Loader. The dust control plan required all nozzles at the shearer to have at least 90 psi when flowing. At this pressure, the staplelock full cone spray nozzles would flow approximately 1.32 gpm each, while the staplelock jet spray nozzles would flow approximately 1.75 gpm each. The BD-5 nozzles had a flow of 1.5 gpm each. Based upon nozzle counts and field observations, two possible flow conditions were estimated. These were based upon summing the minimum flow from each nozzle on the Shearer when each nozzle is at a pressure of 90 psi. A third flow condition was developed based upon data from the mine operator for nozzles at 125 psi (refer to Step 1 in the analysis for more detail). Shearer Flow Condition 1 116 staplelock cone sprays 14 41 Systems Spraying BD-5 nozzles. Total flow 214 gpm. Flow condition 1 at the Shearer has been included in the analysis, but is not representative of nozzles observed as installed on the Shearer. Shearer Flow Condition 2 116 staplelock nozzles, 78 cone sprays, 38 jet spray 41 Systems Spraying BD-5 nozzles. Total flow 231 gpm. This second flow condition is based upon the field observation that approximately one third of the Shearer staplelock nozzles were jet sprays, while the remainder were cone sprays. Note that the total flows provided in the flow conditions are the minimum flows into the Shearer needed to conceptually meet the 90 psi criteria. Since it is not likely that all nozzles will have the same pressure at any given total flow condition, total flows higher than the minimum would probably be needed under realistic conditions to ensure each nozzle having the minimum pressure of 90 psi. However, only the minimum flow is considered here since determining or predicting the pressure at all nozzles simultaneously is not practicable. Equivalent flow characteristics of the Shearer as found To establish an estimated equivalent flow characteristic for the Shearer, it was necessary to flow test the Shearer spray system. Since the normal mine water system was damaged by the explosion and out of service, it was necessary to provide a temporary water supply. During the flow test, gravity fed water from the surface above the mine was delivered through a bore hole near the longwall section and then through temporary piping over to the Shearer. At the Shearer, a test manifold was assembled consisting of filters, an adjustable pressure reducing valve, two in-line flow meters (one belonging to MSHA and the other to the mine operator), and appropriate pressure gages. The pressure reducing valve was used to regulate and adjust the pressure into the Shearer. The flow was then measured at various inlet pressures. Four tests were conducted on the Shearer on December 20, 2010. However, one of the tests was actually conducted twice after problems were identified when the filters on the test manifold had plugged up. 15 Because of the location of the Shearer, most nozzles on the headgate drum could not be reached and examined up close as this drum was mostly beneath unsupported roof and was not safely accessible. Additionally, fallen coal and rock around both Shearer drums created a situation making it impossible to view the condition of all nozzles, especially those at the bottom of the drums. Visible nozzles were identified as open, plugged, or missing. The Shearer flow tests are summarized as follows: Field Test No. 1 This was the Shearer tested in the post accident (as-found) condition including both plugged and missing nozzles. Field Test Nos. 2 and 2A Test 2 was also with the Shearer in the “as-found” condition including plugged and missing nozzles, but with one plugged nozzle on each drum replaced with a pressure gage. The second test (2A) was run after the filters that plugged during test 2 were replaced with clean filters. Field Test No. 3 In this test, those accessible nozzle openings with missing nozzles had open nozzles installed in those openings. This test represents the Shearer in an arrangement under conditions closer to what it should have been during operating in a properly maintained condition. Field Test No. 4 In this test, the nozzles that had been installed in openings with missing nozzles for Test No. 3 were again removed. However, nozzles found to be plugged were replaced with un-plugged nozzles. Again, this was done only for nozzle locations that were safely accessible and visible. This test also represents the Shearer in a semi-repaired condition. For each of the above flow tests, the flow and pressure data were used to estimate an equivalent single orifice nozzle having the same flow characteristics as the entire Shearer with its individual nozzles. A single orifice nozzle, or an equivalent single orifice nozzle representing multiple nozzles, will have flow characteristics that can be modeled as: Q = kP n (R-3) Where Q is the flow in gpm, P is the nozzle pressure in psi, n is an exponent (equal to 0.5 for an ideal smooth circular orifice), and k is a factor associated with 16 the characteristics of a particular nozzle and takes into account the size, shape, and smoothness of the orifice. Using appropriate logarithmic identities, equation R-3 can be recast as: ln Q = n ln P + ln k (R-4) Equation R-4 has the form of a straight line given as: y = mx + b (R-5) Where x and y are the independent and dependent variable respectively, m is the slope of the line, and b is the y-axis intercept. The association between equations R-5 and R-4 is as follows: y → ln Q, m → n, x → ln P, b → ln k For reasonably well behave nozzles, the plot of ln 3 (Q) versus ln(P) will result in a straight line, or nearly straight line, having slope n and intercept ln(k). Using linear regression analysis, such as provided in the linear trend line feature of Microsoft Excel, the equation for the line can be determined. This linear equation then establishes the values for n and k. With these values determined, the pressure needed at the Shearer to maintain any specified flow can be estimated from the following: ⎛Q⎞ P=⎜ ⎟ ⎝k⎠ 1 n (R-6) Test No. 1 is the initial test and most closely represents the Shearer in its asfound condition. Test No. 3 and No. 4 each represent the Shearer in a partially repaired condition, more closely representing how it should have been arranged during normal mining conditions. Using the methodology described above, the equations for the “equivalent nozzle” represented by the Shearer in the various conditions can be expressed in the form of equation R-3. The results were the following: Test No. 1 Configuration: Q = 12.44 P 0.469 Test No. 3 Configuration: Q = 7.61P 0.539 3 The symbol ‘ln’ represents the natural log function. 17 Test No. 4 Configuration: Q = 12.99 P 0.468 Note that the collective effects of various nozzle orifices are reflected in the equivalent k factor in equation R-3. The difference between the k factors for Test No. 1 and No. 3 should reflect the effect of installing unplugged nozzles where nozzles were missing. This should reduce the total effective discharge opening of the Shearer sprays. The result should be a reduced k factor from Test No. 1 to Test No. 3, which as the data reflects, is observed. The difference between the k factors for Test No. 1 and No. 4 should reflect the effect of installing unplugged nozzles where plugged nozzles originally existed. This should increase the effective Shearer discharge opening and result in an increased k factor between Test No. 1 and Test No. 4, which as the data reflects, is also observed. To estimate the overall effect of installing open nozzles where they were found missing (Test No. 3) and replacing plugged nozzles with unplugged nozzles (Test No. 4), the change in k factor between Test No. 1 and Test No. 4 is added to the k factor of Test No. 3. Inserting the appropriate values into equation R-6 results in an effective Shearer equivalent nozzle of: Pre-accident Expected Configuration: Q = 8.16 P 0.539 This would approximately be the hydraulic characteristics of the Shearer in the pre-accident condition when properly maintained (no missing nozzles and no plugged nozzles). Using equation R-6, the appropriate values for n and k above, and the two flow conditions identified previously, the resulting needed Shearer inlet pressure was: ⎛ 214 ⎞ Flow condition 1: P = ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ 8.16 ⎠ 1 ⎛ 231 ⎞ Flow condition 2: P = ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ 8.16 ⎠ 1 0.539 0.539 = 428 psi (990 feet of head) = 494 psi (1141 feet of head) A third flow condition was identified by the mine operator based upon documentation submitted as part of the plan to conduct the underground flow tests on the Shearer. That documentation identified a flow through the Shearer at 224 gpm with all nozzles at a minimum pressure of 125 psi. Additionally, Joy, the longwall mining machine manufacturer, quoted a pressure loss across the 18 Shearer of 250 psi, although the flow at which this loss occurs was not specified. Hence, a third flow condition was included in the analysis as follows. Flow Condition 3: 224 gpm at a Shearer inlet pressure of 375 psi (125 + 250). These flow conditions establish the minimum pressures needed at the Shearer water inlet to conceptually provide either the minimum 214 gpm or 231 gpm spray flows, based upon the flow test results. These pressures become the starting points for Step 3 in the analysis process. Estimated flow for the Longwall Stage Loader There were a number of spray nozzles in the Stage Loader and crusher area, including three banks of 5 nozzles and 3 banks of 6 nozzles. The nozzles were identified as a variety of staplelock nozzles and BD-5 nozzles.. The dust control plan referenced a minimum pressure of 60 psi for these sprays. Assuming six full cone staple lock sprays and twelve BD-5 nozzles, all flowing at the minimum 60 psi, a minimum flow of 21 gpm was estimated for the Stage Loader dust sprays. Because the Stage Loader is hydraulically upstream of the Shearer, the pressure in the supply to these Stage Loader nozzles, in reality, could be substantially higher than the minimum 60 psi indicated in the plan. Hence, the actual flow at the Stage Loader could very well have been measurably higher than the minimum estimated 21 gpm. In addition to the sprays, the water system also supplied cooling water for the Stage Loader and Crusher motors. Four permanent flow meters were mounted on the Stage Loader. The readings of these flow meters were periodically documented in maintenance records. The last records for these flows were 10, 8, 9, and 10 gpm to each cooling circuit. This represents an additional possible flow demand of 37 gpm. Estimated flow for the Longwall Shields The survey of the Shields indicated that approximately every fourth or fifth shield was equipped with a pair of BD-5 spray nozzles. Most of these nozzles were operated manually by the longwall operator as the Shearer traveled the face. Most nozzles had control valves, although a limited number did not and were thus always on. Some were identified as having the control valves partially open. A few were disconnected. The Accident Investigation Team estimated the shield spray flow would have likely been about 55 gpm. The flows for the Stage Loader and Shield sprays are added to the Shearer flow at Node X (emulsion panel distribution box) when these flows are considered in any given scenario. 19 Four flow scenarios were considered. Scenario 1: This scenario only included the flow of 214 gpm from the Shearer (Flow Condition 1) in the calculations. Scenario 2: This Scenario considered the more likely 231 gpm Shearer flow (Flow Condition 2) plus the addition of the minimum Stage Loader flow of 21 gpm, for a total flow upstream beyond Node X of 252 gpm. The Stage Loader motor cooling flow and the Shield spray flow were not considered. Scenario 3: This Scenario considered Shearer Flow Condition 2 plus all other flows at the Stage Loader and Shield sprays for a total flow of 344 gpm. This is the most realistic flow required. Note that this flow lends credence to the chosen rated capacity of the mule train booster pumps of 350 gpm for each. Scenario 4: This Scenario considers only the Shearer flow condition 3. No flow demands for the Stage Loader or shield sprays are included. STEP 2, Determine the Available Pressure at the Mule Train Booster Pump Discharge. The pressure from the tank to the pump is supplied by gravity. Hence, the pressure available at the pump inlet is the static pressure at the pump inlet minus the friction losses in the piping from Node A to Node U. However, a pressure reducing value is located in this run of pipe (at Node P) and affects the maximum pressure available to the pump inlet. It was reported that this pressure reducing valve was normally set to ensure the pressure at the pump inlet did not exceed 150 psi (347 feet of head). If the losses in the upstream main piping reduce the pump inlet pressure below the regulated pressure of 150 psi, then the lower pressure is used in the analysis. If the losses do not reduce the pressure at the pump inlet below the regulated value, then the regulated pressure value of 150 psi is used for the pump inlet. To determine which condition exists, the losses in the water line from the tank to the pump inlet must be determined. Pressure losses in the water supply from the storage tanks to the pump under flowing conditions The run of pipe from Node A to Node U consists approximately of: 27,525 feet of 8-inch, SDR=13.5 piping (actual ID of 7.347 inches) 2635 feet of 6-inch, SDR=13.5 piping (actual ID of 5.644 inches) 217 equivalent feet of 4-inch hydraulic hose (actual diameter of 4.00 inches) 20 It is a common practice in water supply analysis to use the Hazen-Williams formula to convert pipes of different sizes to an equivalent length of pipe of one referenced size. In this case, the 6-inch pipe and 4-inch hydraulic hose are converted to equivalent lengths of 8-inch SDR 13.5 piping. For the 6-inch SDR piping, the equivalent length is: ⎛ 7.347 ⎞ Equiv. Length of 8 inch = (2635) × ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ 5.644 ⎠ 4.87 = 9515 feet For the 4-inch hose, the equivalent is: ⎛ 7.347 ⎞ Equiv. Length of 8 inch = (217) × ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ 4.0 ⎠ 4.87 = 4190 feet The total equivalent length of 8-inch pipe from Node A to Node U is thus: 27,525 + 9515 + 4190 = 41,230 feet Hence, 41,230 feet of 8-inch SDR 13.5 piping will create the same losses at any given flow as the sum of the losses in the actual 8-inch, 6-inch, and 4-inch piping and hoses. The maximum static pressure occurs with the tank full. This would be at an elevation of 1333 ft MSL. The elevation of Node U is 852 ft MSL, resulting in a difference in elevation of 481 feet of head, or 209 psi of static pressure at the pump inlet. The four flows were previously identified as: 214 gpm, 252, gpm, 344 gpm, and 224 gpm. Using the Hazen-Williams formula, the losses in the equivalent length of 8-inch piping (41,230 ft) can be calculated for each flow and then subtracted from the available static pressure of 209 psi to get the resulting residual flow at the inlet of the pump. The results are summarized in Table 1. Since all of the resulting net residual pressures are above the regulated pressure of 150 psi, the 150 psi regulated value will be used as the pump input pressure for all four scenarios. 21 Table 1 – Residual Pressure Available at Pump Inlet for Each Flow Scenario Flow Flow Amount Pressure loss Total pressure Net Residual Scenario (gpm) per foot of 8- loss from Node pressure at inch A to Node U pump inlet (psi/foot) (psi) Node U (psi) 1 214 0.0005 21 188 2 252 0.0007 29 180 3 344 0.0013 52 157 4 224 0.0006 23 186 Pressure added by the booster pump. For each flow Scenario, the inlet pressure to the pump must be added to the net pump discharge pressure. This net pump pressure is the pressure added by the pump to the incoming pressure at the pump inlet. The net discharge pressure varies with flow and is usually provided by the pump manufacturer in the form of a curve plotting pressure against flow, tabulated test data of pressure and flow, or both. In general, as the flow increases through the pump, the discharge pressure decreases. Although the pump nameplate data indicated a discharge head of 1470 feet (637 psi) at the rated flow of 350 gpm, additional information was obtained from the manufacturer’s pump test data for this particular pump. The as-new shop test data indicated a pump curve slightly higher than that identified for this general model of pumps. The information is summarized below. Table 2 – Booster Pump Net Discharge Characteristics Pump Flow Sunflo Sunflo (gpm) Model Shop Test (7.760 inch Discharge Discharge impeller) Head (feet) Head (feet) 0 1548 n/a 70 n/a 1598 140 1545 1617 210 1532 1621 280 1506 1585 350 1470 1543 385 n/a 1492 420 1351 1428 For the analysis, the higher tested pump data was used. Additionally, where the scenario flow values do not match a test flow, it is a common practice to interpolate the discharge pressure from the curve or tabulated data. However, in 22 this case for any flow scenario, in order to give the water system the benefit of the doubt, the discharge pressure at the next lower flow (higher pressure) is used rather than interpolating the data. This is justified at least in part because the interpolation is a linear process while the curve is non-linear. Linear interpolation will slightly under predict the discharge pressure. The net pump discharge pressures used in the analysis are summarized in Table 3. In Table 4, the regulated pump inlet pressure of 150 psi has been added to the net pump discharge pressure to arrive at the total pump discharge pressure available for each flow scenario. Table 3 – Net Pump Discharge Pressure Used for Each Flow Scenario Flow Flow Amount Pump flow Net discharge Equivalent Scenario in analysis test datum head at flow discharge (gpm) used datum pressure (gpm) (ft) (psi) 1 214 210 1621 702 2 252 210 1621 702 3 344 280 1585 686 4 224 210 1621 702 Table 4– Total Pressure at Pump Discharge Used for Each Flow Scenario Flow Total Equivalent Elevation plot Scenario Available available point on Pump discharge hydraulic Discharge head (ft) profile pressure (ft MSL) (psi) 1 852 1968 2820 2 852 1968 2820 3 836 1931 2783 4 852 1968 2820 STEP 3, Determine the Required Pressure needed at the Mule Train Booster Pump Discharge to maintain required flow at the Shearer. This process requires taking the pressure needed at the Shearer connection (Node Z) and then working backward upstream to Node U. The total required pressure is the sum of the pressure needed at the Shearer plus the losses in the piping or hoses from Node Z back to Node U. 23 From Node Z back to Node X represents a single run of 1210 feet of 2-inch hydraulic hose. The pressure losses are as follows for the four scenarios, assuming the actual hose diameter is the nominal diameter, which is usually the case for hydraulic hoses. At node X, additional flow is added for Scenarios 2 and 3, resulting in the total flows of 252 and 344 gpm respectively. Scenarios 1 and 4 do not include any additional flows to the Shearer flow. Table 5 summarized the pressure needed at the Shearer inlet, the line loss back to Node X, and the sum of these pressures resulting in the total required pressure at this node. Table 5 Resulting Pressure Required at Node X for Each Flow Scenario Flow Flow Required Pressure loss Total Total Scenario Amount pressure at per foot of 2- pressure loss pressure (gpm) Node Z inch hose from Node Z required (psi/ft) to Node X 1 214 428 0.298 360 788 2 231 494 0.344 415 909 3 231 494 0.344 415 909 4 224 375 0.325 392 767 From Node X back to Node V, the total flow is through 1400 feet of dual 2-inch hydraulic hoses in parallel. Because the lines are in parallel, it is only necessary to calculate the loss for one line, with the flow assumed to split evenly between the two hoses. For a 1400 foot length of 2-inch hydraulic hose, the pressure losses are as follows. Table 6 Resulting Pressure Required at Node V for Each Flow Scenario Flow Total Split flow Pressure loss Total Total Scenario flow amount per foot of 2- pressure loss pressure Amount inch hose from Node X required (gpm) (psi/ft) to Node V 1 214 107 0.083 115 903 2 252 126 0.112 156 1065 3 344 172 0.199 278 1187 4 224 112 0.090 126 893 Finally, from Node V to Node U, we have a single run of 3-inch piping consisting of 68 equivalent feet of schedule 40 pipe. The pressure losses and the final total pressures required are summarized in Table 7. 24 Table 7 Resulting Pressure Required at Node U – Pump Discharge Flow Total Pressure Total Total Elevation Scenario flow loss per foot pressure pressure plot point on Amount of 3-inch loss from required at Hydraulic (gpm) Sch 40 pipe Node V to pump profile (psi/ft) Node U discharge (ft MSL) (psi) 1 214 0.037 2 905 2942 2 252 0.050 3 1068 3319 3 344 0.089 6 1193 3607 4 224 0.040 2 895 2919 STEP 4, Compare the required pressure to the available pressure. Table 8 summarizes the results of this comparison. Table 8 Summary of System Pressure Shortages at Pump Discharge Pressure Total Total Flow Total Scenario flow pressure pressure difference Amount available at required at (psi) pump (negative pump (gpm) number discharge discharge indicates a (psi) (psi) deficit) 1 214 852 905 –53 2 252 852 1068 –216 3 344 836 1193 –357 4 224 852 895 –43 Conclusion For all of the scenarios, the required pump pressures exceed the available pump discharge pressures. Note that Scenario 4 is the closest to being adequate but does not include any flows for the Stage Loader or the shield sprays. Additionally, the pressure required for this scenario, 375 psi, is based upon data from the manufacturer of the longwall but does not indicate for what flow the pressure loss of 250 psi occurs. Note that using the pressure versus flow characteristics of the Shearer as tested, coupled with the associated methods utilized within this report, the required pressure at a flow of 224 gpm would be 466 psi, not 375. Hence, a more realistic pressure deficit for scenario 4 would be closer to a value of –134 psi rather than to –43 psi. 25 It must be emphasized that Scenario 3 represents the most realistic flow requirement for the dust control effort on the No. 1 Longwall Panel mining machine because it includes flows for the Shield sprays and the Stage Loader sprays and motor cooling. As the analysis indicates, there is a significant water pressure deficit between what is required to maintain this identified flow and what is available from the water system. The other three scenarios, included for reference, are also inadequate but represent less realistic water flows since they do not include complete water flows for the dust control sprays and motor cooling needs on all parts of the mining machine. 520 -183 21 -18 0 3 0 -34 -26 0 -56 3 -4 -70 -1 -33 -48 -10 1125 1146 1128 1128 1131 1131 1097 1071 1071 1015 1018 1014 944 943 910 862 852 B C D E F G H J K L M N P Q R S T 0 0 2715 7680 715 7015 0 975 3120 0 1310 1785 0 365 0 1045 280 1308 A Delt Elev Elevation Node 8" length to next node 0 1710 0 0 0 0 300 0 0 356 0 0 0 0 270 0 0 0 6" length to next node 6 8 8 8 8 6 8 8 6 8 8 8 8 6 8 8 8 size of pipe to next node SS HG 1 NORTH NORTH GLORY btwn 103 & 104 17 OLD NORTH NORTH /OLD NORTH 135 /0 76 NORTH NORTH NORTH NORTHEAST NORTHEAST NORTHEAST EAST EAST EAST EAST EAST EAST EAST Mains Reference 128 btwn 62 & 63 btwn 59 & 60 51 17 15 49 btwn 24 & 25 19 17 2 2 n/a Break No. TABLE 9 —NODE DATA FROM TANK TO LONGWALL MULE TRAIN 26 Mule train Pressure regulating valve at Node P. Filter set Between F and G Location of connection assumed #1 East Mains South Belt-pipe routing assumed Water Tanks Comments Length 217 68 400 1000 710 500 Elevation 852 852 852 847 842 840 851 Node T U V W X Y Z 280 equiv feet for parallel split flow Parallel 2 inch on monorail system single 2 inch for shear water demand single 2 inch for shear water demand Glut Distribution box on emulsion panel connection into Bretby cable handler HH = hydraulic hose SHEARER connection 111 equiv feet for parallel split flow Parallel 2 inch HH to glut End of 3" pump discahrge manifold total equivalent feet of 3 inch total Equvalent feet of 4 inch Notes 3 inch Sch 40 26 ft 4" HH, 55 ft equiv 2" pipe, 4 ft 4" after filter to pump Pipe description Pump 6" SDR Connection to 4 inch pump feed hydraulic hose and piping and filters Node description TABLE 10 —NODE DATA FROM LONGWALL MULE TRAIN TO SHEARER CONNECTION 27 ELEVATIONSCALE AND PRESSURESCALE FT-MSL Pipe Node Locations and Pipe Lengths - FT Pressure regulator setting for 150 psi max at pump inlet Water line pressure loss gradient at 214 gpm with tank near full FIGURE R-2 UBB WATER SUPPLY TO LONGWALL HYDRAULIC PROFILE Flow Scenario 1 Shearer Flow 214 GPM Total Flow 214 GPM Water line elevation profile Water tank static pressure line near full. 1333 feet MSL Single 2-inch hose line pressure loss gradient at 214 gpm Two parallel 2-inch hose lines pressure loss gradient at 107 gpm each leg 852 PSI Available Pump Discharge Pressure for 214 GPM 905 PSI Required Pump Discharge Pressure for 214 GPM 28 Node A is at Water Tank Discharge Node F and G are at Main Filter Pack Node P is at Pressure Regulating Valve Node U is at Pump Node Z is at Connection to Shearer Water Inlet 428 PSI Shearer Inlet Pressure Required for 214 GPM based upon Flow Condition No.1 53 PSI Water System Pressure Shortage ELEVATIONSCALE AND PRESSURESCALE FT-MSL Pipe Node Locations and Pipe Lengths - FT Pressure regulator settingfor 150 psi max at pump inlet Water line pressure loss gradient at 252 gpm with tank near full FIGURE R-3 UBB WATER SUPPLY TO LONGWALL HYDRAULIC PROFILE Flow Scenario 2 Shearer Flow 231 GPM Total Flow 252 GPM Water line elevation profile Water tank static pressure line near full. 1333 feet MSL Single 2-inch hose line pressure loss gradient at 231 gpm 852 PSI Available Pump Discharge Pressure for 252 GPM Two parallel 2-inch hose lines pressure loss gradient at 126 gpm each leg 1068 PSI Required Pump Discharge Pressure for 252 GPM 29 Node A is at Water Tank Discharge Node F and G are at Main Filter Pack Node P is at Pressure Regulating Valve Node U is at Pump Node Z is at Connection to Shearer Water Inlet 494 PSI Shearer Inlet Pressure Required for 231 GPM based upon Flow Condition No. 2 216 PSI Water System Pressure Shortage ELEVATIONSCALE AND PRESSURESCALE FT-MSL Pipe Node Locations and Pipe Lengths - FT Pressure regulator settingfor 150 psi max at pump inlet Water line pressure loss gradient at 344 gpm with tank near full FIGURE R-4 UBB WATER SUPPLY TO LONGWALL HYDRAULIC PROFILE Flow Scenario 3 Shearer Flow 231 GPM Total Flow 344 GPM Water line elevation profile Water tank static pressure line near full. 1333 feet MSL Single 2-inch hose line pressure loss gradient at 231 gpm 836 PSI Available Pump Discharge Pressure for 344 GPM Two parallel 2-inch hose lines pressure loss gradient at 172 gpm each leg 1193 PSI Required Pump Discharge Pressure for 344 GPM 30 Node A is at Water Tank Discharge Node F and G are at Main Filter Pack Node P is at Pressure Regulating Valve Node U is at Pump Node Z is at Connection to Shearer Water Inlet 494 PSI Shearer Inlet Pressure Required for 231 GPM based upon Flow Condition No. 2 357 PSI Water System Pressure Shortage ELEVATIONSCALE AND PRESSURESCALE FT-MSL Pipe Node Locations and Pipe Lengths - FT Pressure regulator settingfor 150 psi max at pump inlet Water line pressure loss gradient at 224 gpm with tank near full FIGURE R-5 UBB WATER SUPPLY TO LONGWALL HYDRAULIC PROFILE Flow Scenario 4 Shearer Flow 224 GPM Total Flow 224 GPM Water line elevation profile Water tank static pressure line near full. 1333 feet MSL Single 2-inch hose line pressure loss gradient at 224 gpm Two parallel 2-inch hose lines pressure loss gradient at 112 gpm each leg 852 PSI Available Pump Discharge Pressure for 224 GPM 895 PSI Required Pump Discharge Pressure for 224 GPM 31 Node A is at Water Tank Discharge Node F and G are at Main Filter Pack Node P is at Pressure Regulating Valve Node U is at Pump Node Z is at Connection to Shearer Water Inlet 375 PSI Shearer Inlet Pressure Required for 224 GPM based upon suggested data from longwall manufacturer 466 PSI Shearer Inlet Pressure Required for 224 GPM based upon actual flow test data and MSHA methodology 43 PSI Water System Pressure Shortage APPENDIX SEDIMENT ANALYSIS FROM WATER BASKETS AND SPRAY NOZZLES APPENDIX SEDIMENT ANALYSIS FROM WATER BASKETS AND SPRAY NOZZLES Appendix S Sediment Collection and Analysis from Water Baskets and Spray Nozzles Water Baskets Background On March 10, 2011 sediment was collected from two wire mesh filters obtained by MSHA’s Accident Investigation Team from UBB. The filters are designated as PE-0448 (1 South Belt Water Basket) and PE-0423 (1 North Panel Pump Car). After sediment was collected from the filters, the sediment was weighed and then subjected to separation of particle sizes by a series of sieves. The sieves were stacked in order of decreasing grain size from top to bottom, with U.S. Standard Sieve Size No. 8 on top, followed successively downward by No.’s 60, 100, 140, 200, and 325. A pan placed at the bottom of the sequence collected any particles small enough to pass through the No. 325 sieve. The No. 8 sieve uses a mesh spacing of 2.36 mm, which corresponds to the geological size designation of “granule” and was used to catch visibly large particles such as cellophane wrappers and plant debris. The No. 60 sieve uses a mesh spacing of 0.250 mm, which corresponds to the boundary between the geological designations for medium-grained sand and fine-grained sand. The No. 100 sieve uses a mesh spacing of 0.150 mm, which corresponds to the geological particle size of fine sand. The No. 140 and 200 sieves use a mesh size of 0.106 mm and 0.075 mm, respectively, which correspond to the upper and lower ranges of the geological particle size of very fine sand. The No. 325 sieve uses a mesh size of 0.045 mm, which corresponds to the geological particle size of coarse silt. Any particles collected in the bottom pan would be designated as -325 mesh, and would represent material finer than coarse silt. After the stack of sieves was placed on a shaker table for 10 minutes, each size fraction was weighed, and the particles in each fraction were described by spreading the particles on a clean, white sheet of paper and inspecting the particles with a 10-power lens under bright light. Upon completion of the description, each size fraction was stored separately in a glass vial marked with the PE number and size fraction. Upon completion of all documentation activities, the vials were placed together in a freezer bag, which was stored inside the respective water basket. Observations PE-0448 Sediment was collected from the 1 South Belt water basket by dumping loose material out onto a clean, white sheet of paper. Additional material was obtained by brushing the inside of the basket with a paint brush and depositing any resulting material on the sheet of paper. The screen mesh of the basket itself was generally dirty and appeared mostly clogged with fine, gray material. A dial-gauge micrometer indicates that the mesh screen size is 0.01 inches, which is equivalent to 0.254 mm. Therefore, material corresponding to U.S. Standard Sieve Size No. 60 (0.250 mm) and smaller would theoretically be able to pass through the water filter. This size would represent the upper boundary of the “fine sand” geological particle size. After all available sediment was collected on the white sheet of paper, it was funneled into a glass dish for weighing on a digital balance. It was determined that 1.15 g of sediment was collected from the water basket. It should be noted that due to likely measuring error, the aggregate weight of size fractions represents 110% of the initial sample weight.        The +8 sieve material weighed 0.12 g and consisted of fibrous mats of interlocking grass blades and stems. The agglomerated grass blades hosted sporadically distributed, 1 mm-diameter particles of coal, biotite, quartz, and yellowed cellophane wrappers, along with rare, spherical slag pellets. The +60 sieve material weighed 0.8 g and consisted of angular fragments of coal (30%), angular grains of frosted quartz (20%), thin sheets of limonite and goethitealtered rust flakes that were attracted by a small magnet (10%), yellowed cellophane (<1%), and plant debris that consisted dominantly of seed pods (40%). There were also a few grains of broken concrete in which the aggregate sand was visible, one of which hosted heavy iron staining that suggested rusted rebar. The +100 sieve material weighed 0.17 g and consisted of angular coal fragments, a large number of spherical seeds, and abundant plant debris that dominated the sample. Also present were angular rust flakes and only minor quartz. The +140 sieve material weighed 0.04 g and consisted of angular coal fragments, quartz, plant debris, limonite-altered rust fragments that were attracted by a small magnet, and feldspars. The plant debris is represented by long fragments of cellulose stalks longer than +140 but of sufficient diameter to pass through the mesh. The +200 sieve material weighed 0.04 g and consisted of coal, quartz, feldspars, and minor limonite-altered rust. Plant debris included only a few fibers of cellulose. The +325 sieve material weighed 0.04 g and was dominated by coal and quartz, with grains that are subangular to subrounded due to abrasion. Minor limonitealtered rust flakes were present, and minor plant debris consisted of individual hairlike fibers. The -325 sieve material weighed 0.02 g and consisted almost exclusively of coal (40%) and quartz (60%). PE-0423 Sediment had previously been collected from the 1 North Panel Pump Car on February 18, 2011 and stored in a plastic container, with preliminary descriptions of the material presented in a March 8th memorandum from Matthew Babington, Esq. (SOL) to Benjamin Wood, Patton Boggs, LLP. The collected material was viewed by all parties attending the testing in order to confirm that the container and material was the same as portrayed in photos included with the March 8th memorandum. The sample was weighed and represented 8.32 g of material.  The +8 sieve material weighed 0.58 g and consisted of cellophane and tinfoilcoated wrapping paper of the type used for snacks. Printing on the clear cellophane indicated that it represented a package of “Cheddar and Bacon” crackers and printing on the foil-coated paper indicated that it had represented a       bag of “Potato Skins” chips. Other clear wrappers were unmarked, but hosted a UPC code. The remaining material included 5 mm-diameter leaf fragments and a single shale pebble that was 8 mm in diameter. The +60 sieve material weighed 7.57 g and consisted dominantly of plant debris (65%) and coal fragments (30%). Plant debris consists of dried leaf fragments, grass stems and/or pine needles, small twigs, fragments of wood chips, and grass blades. Small red plastic fragments were intermixed with this material. The mineral fraction was dominated by square and angular coal fragments, with minor quartz grains. A small magnet was used to attract several small rust flakes, which showed orange-colored limonite alteration. The +100 sieve material weighed 0.11 g, and consisted of angular coal fragments (40%), angular limonite-altered rust fragments (40%), plant debris (10%), and quartz grains (10%). The plant debris represents grass blades and twigs, with small, hair-like stems and numerous spherical seeds. The +140 sieve material weighed 0.03 g and consisted of subangular to subrounded quartz (40%) and angular coal fragments (40%), with limonite-stained rust fragments (10%), and minor plant debris (10%). Plant debris consists of hairlike fibers. The +200 sieve material weighed 0.03 g and consisted of quartz (55%), coal (35%), plant fibers (7%), and limonite-stained rust fragments (3%). This sample is noticeable lighter in color compared to other samples, due to its greater quartz content. The +325 sieve material weighed 0.04 g and consisted of quartz (60%), coal (25%), plant fibers (10%), and limonite-stained rust flakes (5%). Quartz grains are subangular to subrounded, compared to coarser samples in which quartz was angular, reflecting abrasion of grains. The -325 sieve material weighed 0.02 g and consisted of quartz (80%), coal (15%), and plant fibers (5%) with no other material present. Conclusion It appears that with decreasing grain size, noted especially with the +140 (0.106 mm) material that corresponds to the geological particle size of very fine sand, the samples begin to be dominated by quartz grains of the very fine sand to coarse silt size. The increase in the degree of rounding corresponding to decreasing grain size is an indication that quartz is more able to survive the processes of mechanical abrasion at smaller sizes. Quartz and coal are the only naturally occurring minerals in the sediment, which at larger size fractions host significant plant debris and man-made material such as rust flakes and snack wrappers. Based on a measurement of the screen size of the water baskets, which indicates a mesh spacing of 0.254 mm (0.01 in.), material smaller than the No. 60 mesh size could have been able to pass through the filter baskets. The -60 to +140 material is generally dominated by plant debris and coal, while material smaller than +140 is dominated by very fine-grained quartz sand, and by coarse-grained quartz silt. These size fractions represent less than 1.5% of the total weight of collected material, which is generally dominated by plant debris and coal. Based on the analysis of the filter basket sediment, it should be expected that any downstream equipment might contain -60 (less than 0.250 mm) material that could include plant debris, coal, quartz, and rust flakes. It would be unlikely that material larger than 60 mesh (0.250 mm) found in any downstream equipment would have passed through the filter baskets, and would instead have to have been derived from an intervening source. It should also be noted that no shale, and only very sparse mica flakes, were documented in the water basket sediment. Therefore, clay minerals identified in downstream equipment would be expected to have a source other than the water supply, such as shale pulverized during the mining process. Spray Nozzles Background On March 17-18, 2011 sediment that had been previously collected from spray nozzles obtained by MSHA’s Accident Investigation Team from UBB was described in terms of grain size and mineralogy. Fine-grained material was sent to an independent, commercial laboratory for identification by x-ray diffraction. Under a previous protocol (Protocol for Collecting Material and Measuring Dimensions of Spray Nozzles Recovered from Longwall Shearer, Performance Coal Co., Upper Big Branch Mine), sediment had been collected from 20 spray nozzles and stored in glass vials. In some cases, sediment was collected from different portions of the same nozzle. The vials of sediment were documented under the same nomenclature as the spray nozzle from which they were collected, including PE-0391, PE-0395, and PE-0397. Sediment from each vial was separated into three size fractions by passing it through two screens. The top screen was U.S. Standard Sieve Size No. 12, which corresponds to 1/16th-inch; the second screen was U.S. Standard Sieve Size No. 60, which corresponds to the 0.01 inch screen size used in the longwall shearer water supply basket filters. After the stack of sieves was placed on a shaker table for 10 minutes, each size fraction was weighed, and the particles in each fraction were described by spreading the particles on a clean, white sheet of paper and inspecting the particles with a 10-power lens under bright light. Upon completion of the description, each size fraction was stored separately in a glass vial marked with the PE number and size fraction. Upon completion of all documentation activities, the vials were placed together in a freezer bag, which was stored inside the respective water basket. Particles from the +12 and +60 fractions were stored together, while particles from the -60 fraction were returned to their original vial and sent to an independent, commercial laboratory for quantitative analysis by x-ray diffraction. Observations PE-0391 Nozzle 1 J16 Material consists dominantly of coal fines with subordinate quartz fines and orange limonite staining occurs on grains of coal and sandstone. PE-0391 Nozzle 1 #3  +12 size material consists of large, blocky coal fragments up to 1 cm in length. Material in this size fraction weighs 0.64 g.  +60 size material consists of approximately one-third each of angular coal, bony coal, and rust flakes. The largest fragments are represented by angular coal fragments, with limonite-altered rust flakes also occurring as larger pieces. The weight of this size fraction is 0.03 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.01 g and is insufficient in volume for analysis. Based on visual inspection, the fraction consists of up to 10% rust flakes, 10% sandstone, and the remainder represented by coal and bony coal. PE-0391 Nozzle 1 #7 Material consists of two large rust flakes (+60 size), with several +60 size mud balls that are composed of coal fines and quartz, with sparse, angular coal fragments. Fines consist of “black dirt” that may include some coal fines, but fine grains are clumped together possibly by oil or grease. PE-0391 Nozzle 1 Bit #8 Material consists dominantly of +60 size material, and minor -60 size material, in proportions of 5% sandstone, 10% bony coal, and 85% coal. PE-0391 Nozzle 1 #10  +12 size material consists of flat rust fragments that show iron oxide alteration, along with angular coal fragments that show iron oxide staining. There is also a single clast of gray, coarse-grained siltstone. The weight of this size fraction is 0.02 g.  +60 size material consists of 85% angular fragments of fine-grained micaceous sandstone and gray coarse-grained siltstone, 10% angular coal fragments, and 5% thin flakes of heavily limonite-altered rust. Gray siltstone/sandstone exhibits freshly broken surfaces. The weight of this size fraction is 0.69 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.5 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0391 Nozzle 1 #15  +12 size material consists of a single fragment of bony coal, with weight below the measuring capability of the balance.  +60 size material consists of 85% angular fragments of coal and bony coal, 10% angular sandstone fragments, and 5% rust flakes, weighing 0.22 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.26 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0392 Nozzle 1 1-1 Material consists of +60 coal, bony coal, and dark gray siltstone fragments with very minor amounts of -60 fines. Minor rust staining occurs on a few bony coal and dark gray siltstone fragments. PE-0395 Internal to Nozzle #1  +12 size material consists of a single piece of coal, with the remaining pieces consisting of dark gray micaceous coarse-grained siltstone. The siltstone consists of angular, broken fragments characterized by fresh surfaces. The weight of this fraction is 0.10 g.  +60 size material consists of 75% dark gray siltstone, 15% sandstone, and 10% coal. Some siltstone hosts carbonized plant fossil traces; some sandstone hosts iron staining. All fragments exhibit angular, freshly broken surfaces. The weight of this fraction is 0.58 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.63 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0395 Nozzle 1 #2 Inter Portion of Housing Vial A  +12 size material consisted of several rounded mud balls, that when lightly probed, were disaggregated into -60 size quartz silt with a single +12 fragment of coal.  +60 size material consists of angular fragments of sandstone (50%), dark gray siltstone (40%), and coal (10%). The dark gray siltstone hosts some iron staining. This size fraction weighs 0.13 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.25 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0395 Internal to Nozzle #2 Vial B  +12 size material consists of rounded mud balls that, when disaggregated, are actually a composite of light-colored quartz silt that are considered as part of the 60 size fraction  +60 size material consists of rust 5% rust, 15% coal, 30% dark gray siltstone, and 50% sandstone. Rust flakes are heavily altered to limonite and colored orange. This size fraction weighs 0.39 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.9 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0395 Nozzle 1 #3 Inter Portion of Housing Vial A  +12 size material consists of several large, rounded mud balls, which are easily disaggregated into fines that consist of quartz silt and coal, and are considered as part of the -60 size fraction.  +60 size material consists of 2% rust flakes, 10% angular coal fragments, 35% dark gray siltstone, and 53% light-colored quartz sandstone. Fragments are bounded by freshly broken surfaces with rounded-off edges, suggestive of milling. This size fraction weighs 0.61 g.  -60 size material weighs 1.09 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0395 External Sides of Nozzle #3, No Ends, Vial B  +12 size material consists of subangular fragments of light-colored sandstone (15% and dark-gray, micaceous siltstone (85%), and weighs 0.07 g.  +60 size material consists of angular, freshly broken fragments of coal (10%) and bony coal (5%), with 30% subrounded milled fragments of dark gray siltstone and 50% light-colored micaceous sandstone that sometimes is stained with limonite. The size fraction also contains 5% rust flakes. The weight of this fraction is 0.49 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.96 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0395 Internal to Nozzle #3 Vial C  +12 size material at first appears to consist of three angular granules of sandstone. However, with light probing, each “granule” easily disaggregates in a fine-grained mixture of agglomerated quartz sand that contains small particles of coal. The agglomerated material hosts imprints of flat, machined parts, similar to congealed mud. No material was actually in the +12 size fraction, but is instead considered part of the -60 fraction  +60 size material consists of angular fragments of coal (3%), bony coal (5%), sandstone (35%) and dark gray, coarse-grained micaceous siltstone (57%). Angular fragments of sandstone and siltstone exhibit freshly broken surfaces, and exhibit some limonite staining. This size fraction weighs 0.82 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.86 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0395 Nozzle 1 #4 Material consists of a single, large +12 fragment of bony coal with light gray sandstone adjoining and affixed to it, like a broken rock fragment. The grain is accompanied by 60 size angular fragments of coal and sandstone. PE-0395 Nozzle 1 #10  +12 size fraction contains no material  +60 size material consists of 10% sandstone, 15% coal, and 75% dark gray siltstone. The sandstone hosts visible muscovite flakes and some iron staining. This fraction weighs 0.54 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.67 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0397 Nozzle 1 #3  +12 size material consists of a single grain of angular coal that is below the operating range of the balance.  +60 size material consists of 15% coal, 10% bony coal, 40% sandstone, and 35% dark gray siltstone, along with two heavily limonite-altered rust flakes. Coal and sandstone fragments host orange limonite staining. The weight of this size fraction is 0.76 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.33 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0397 Nozzle 1 #5  +12 size material consists of a single grain of coal that is below the operating range of the balance.  +60 size material consists of 10% coal, 5% bony coal, 20% sandstone, and 65% dark gray siltstone with a single rust flake. The sandstone hosts visible muscovite flakes, and the siltstone hosts iron staining. This size fraction weighs 0.27 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.25 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0397 Nozzle 1 #6  +12 size material consists of two grains, which are quartz + coal “mud balls” that when disaggregated represent -60 quartz fines and a few angular fragments of coal that are -12 in size.  +60 size material consists of 5% coal, 15% sandstone, and 80% dark gray siltstone. Orange limonite staining is present on approximately half of all siltstone and sandstone. This size fraction weighs 0.37 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.2 g and was sent for XRD analysis even though it is slightly below the sample size requirement. The sample was visible assessed as being composed of intermixed dark gray siltstone, sandstone, and coal. PE-0397 Nozzle 1 #7  +12 size fraction contains no material.  +60 size material consists of angular fragments of coal (15%, dark gray siltstone (35%), and sandstone (50%). Sandstone is light-colored and commonly affected by iron staining. This size fraction weighs 0.66 g.  -60 size material weighs 0.46 g and was sent for XRD analysis. PE-0397 Nozzle 1 #9  +12 size material consists of two grains, one of coarse-grained dark gray siltstone and the other of fine-grained sandstone, which together weigh 0.02 g.  +60 size material consists of 10% coal, 40% sandstone, 50% dark gray siltstone, and fragments are characterized by freshly broken surfaces.  -60 size material weighs 0.56 g and was sent for XRD analysis. Conclusions Sediment from the 1 North Longwall Panel shearer spray nozzles were separated into three size fractions. The +12 U.S. Standard Sieve mesh size was chosen because it is similar to the 1/16-inch diameter size of the spray nozzle orifices. Thus, any material larger than +12 could not have entered the nozzle from the outside, or been blown into the orifice by the explosion. The +60 U.S. Standard Sieve mesh size (0.250 mm) was chosen because it is similar to the 0.01-inch mesh (0.254 mm) used as screening on the water supply filter baskets. Thus, any material larger than +60 should not have been able to pass through the water basket filter screen, and must have entered the spray nozzle by some mechanism other than the water supply. The presence of +60 and +12 size fragments in the spray nozzles may be an indication that the material entered through open nozzle ports on the shearer drum. It is significant that all of the +60 material consists of angular fragments of sandstone, siltstone, and coal, and that the fragments exhibit freshly broken, clean surfaces that are suggestive of generation by cutting activity of the longwall shearer. In contrast, quartz grains collected from the water baskets were characterized by subangular to subrounded, frosted grains that are considered typical of abrasion during transport on a geological time scale, and are likely to have been entrained in the water supply from the river or other surface supply. Individual sand grains of this nature were not observed in the +60 spray nozzle material. Furthermore, it is significant that the +60 size material contains sandstone, as well as dark gray, coarse-grained siltstone. During previous petrographic study of rock samples collected from the roof and floor of the longwall face, as part of the assessment of incendive potential, it was determined that while the immediate floor is composed of sandstone alone, the immediate roof is composed of sandstone and thin layers of siltstone, which is represented by dark gray laminations. It therefore appears that chips of sandstone and siltstone from the roof had been falling into openings in the cutting drums for some unknown period of time. A significant conclusion of this observation is that it seems highly unlikely that the drum could have been filled with freshly cut rock chips if the spray nozzles had been removed only after the tail drum cut out as part of routine maintenance just prior to the explosion. The presence of a significant volume of the +60 material being represented by dark gray, coarse-grained siltstone is an indication of rock chips falling from the immediate roof. Therefore, the drum must have been operating with open nozzle ports, and concomitant lack of water pressure, for some unknown length of time prior to the explosion. This is not an indication that the drum was operating in the moments before the explosion, but does indicate that the drum was most likely being operated without functional water sprays in the hours or days prior to the explosion. The presence of imprints of flat, machined surfaces on mud composed of quartz and coal fines is an indication that these fines had been caked onto the sides of the nozzles in the presence of water, forming an agglomerated mixture. “Mud balls” composed of the same material were also collected from inside the spray nozzles. The sediment collected from the nozzles contained very few actual rust flakes, generally no more than 5%. It therefore seems unreasonable to conclude that the sprays were clogged by rust that had formed in the drum upon restoration of water to the shearer during the December 2010 test. Furthermore, the goethite-altered rust flakes collected from the water baskets is of a different nature than the bright-orange limonite that apparently formed inside the drum. Although the bright orange limonite was found as thin coatings on some sandstone and siltstone fragments, it was not a constituent of the “mud balls” found within the spray nozzles. It would therefore appear that the quartz + coal fines were already present and hardened within the spray nozzles prior to restoration of water to the shearer. Tailgate Drum Spray Nozzles Background On April 13-14, 2011 sediment that had been previously collected from spray nozzle ports, as well as sediment secured within spray nozzles collected by MSHA’s Accident Investigation team from UBB was described in terms of grain size and mineralogy. Although similar activity had been conducted previously for sediment collected during the course of measuring dimensions of nozzles retrieved from the headgate drum, tailgate drum, and ranging arm of the 1 North Panel longwall shearer, the activities of April 13-14 were conducted on nozzles and material collected from the tailgate drum only, after it had been rotated to expose the underside portion of the drum. Sediment had been collected in Zip-Loc baggies, and spray nozzles were taped closed and placed in baggies where plastic basal inserts were not present, and provided by members of the Accident Investigation team. Nozzles and sediment were listed under the designations PE-0464 and PE-0465. Sediment from each vial was separated into four size fractions by passing it through three screens. The top screen was U.S. Standard Sieve Size No. 8, which corresponds to 3/32nd-inch and reflects the orifice diameter of the majority of spray nozzles utilized on the tailgate drum; the next screen was U.S. Standard Sieve Size No. 12, which corresponds to 1/16th-inch and reflects the orifice diameter of the spray nozzle stipulated in the company’s approved plan; the third screen was U.S. Standard Sieve Size No. 60, which corresponds to the 0.01-inch screen size used in the longwall shearer water supply basket filters. Material finer than No. 60 mesh was collected in a pan at the bottom of the sieve array. The first sample (PE-0465, Spray Port #38) was broken into seven size fractions (+8, +12, +60, +100, +140, +200, and -200), but due to the very small volume of material present, and the virtual absence of several intervening size fractions, subsequent samples were broken into only the four previously described fractions. Some sediment was provided loose in individual bags, while other bags contained a spray nozzle and associated staple lock. Some spray nozzles were wrapped with black electrical tape to ensure that any sediment present remained inside the nozzle. Other nozzles were not wrapped with tape but retained their original plastic insert at the base of the nozzle. In each respective case, the black electrical tape was unwrapped to first expose the nozzle outlet orifice, and the presence of any foreign matter was determined. Subsequently, the base of the nozzle was exposed by removing the tape, and a photograph of the inside of the nozzle and any material stuck to the tape was taken. If sediment was present, the stratigraphy of the sediment was noted in order to determine which sediment was deposited first and which most recently, with sediment at the base of the nozzle interpreted to have been deposited most recently. Where plastic inserts were in place, it was determined whether the orifices were clogged, and upon removal of the insert, the presence of foreign material was documented on the inside of the insert. Additionally, the presence of plastic flaps indicative of incomplete drilling was documented. After the stack of sieves was placed on a shaker table for 10 minutes, each size fraction was weighed, and the particles in each fraction were described by spreading the particles on a clean, white sheet of paper and inspecting the particles with a 10-power lens under bright light. Upon completion of the description, each size fraction was stored separately in a glass vial marked with the PE number and size fraction. Upon completion of documentation activities, the vials were placed together in the original sample bag, containing the spray nozzle, staple, and black electrical tape or insert used to retain material inside nozzles. Observations PE-0465 Spray Port #10 (loose in bag) 5.57 g  +8 material (5.15 g) consists of a single large piece of welding bead or slag (17 mm long), two pieces of dark gray siltstone (4 mm long), and ten pieces of coal (310 mm long). The welding slag has a light patina of rust but mostly is shiny, beaded metal.  +12 material (0.07 g) consists of six pieces of coal/bony coal and four pieces of dark gray siltstone.  +60 material (0.3 g) consists of round, beaded welding spatter that has a light patina of rust but is still mostly shiny metal. The fraction is dominated by angular fragments of coal (60%), with dark gray siltstone (35%) and light gray sandstone (5%). The fraction also contains a bright silver lump of metal that is soft enough to be cut with a steel knife blade, and is interpreted to represent a bead of solder.  -60 material (0.05 g) consists of angular fragments of coal (35%), dark gray siltstone (50%), and light gray sandstone (5%) with sparsely distributed rust flakes (10%). PE-0465 Spray Port #38 (loose in bag)  +8 material (0.35 g) consists of a large, rectangular piece of coal that is 11 mm long, an angular piece of light gray, fine-grained sandstone with a portion of coal streak attached that is 3 mm long, and a large, flat rust flake that is 5 mm long and showing dark-colored goethite alteration. Two “mud balls” that were easily disaggregated into fines are also present.  +12 material (0.03 g) consists of two rust flakes that are 4 mm long, and a “mud ball” that is 3.5 mm long and composed of an aggregate of fines.  +60 material (0.4 g) is dominated by rust flakes (86%) with 10% angular coal fragments, 3% angular, dark gray siltstone, and 1% angular fragments of light gray, fine-grained sandstone. The size fraction also contains a single “mud ball” composed of fines.  +100 material consists of angular flat, angular fragments of rust (15%), as well as angular fragments of coal (15%), dark gray siltstone (50%), and light gray sandstone (25%).  +140 material (<0.01 g) consists of angular fragments of rust (15%), coal (20%), dark gray siltstone (50%), and light gray sandstone (15%).  +200 material (<0.01 g) consists of angular fragments of rust, coal, sandstone, and siltstone.  -200 material (0.02 g) consists of milled rock flour, which is dominated by dark gray siltstone and light gray sandstone that fives a salt-and-pepper color, with sparsely scattered coal but no rust. PE-0465 Spray Port #39 (loose in bag) 1.64 g  +8 material (0.07 g) consists of five large, angular rust flakes that are characterized by dark brown goethite alteration.  +12 material (0.17 g) consists dominantly of rust flakes (about 12-15 in number), with two coal fragments and three fragments of dark gray siltstone. The fraction   contains one possible piece of welding slag that is hollowed out with extensive limonite alteration inside. +60 material (0.92 g) consists dominantly of rust flakes, with 2% dark gray, angular siltstone fragments and 5% angular coal fragments. -60 material (0.38 g) consists of dark and “greasy” coal fines that have a tendency to adhere to the bottom collection pan. The fraction contains angular flakes of bright orange limonite rust flakes, as well as sparsely distributed discernible angular coal fragments. PE-0465 Port #40 (loose in bag) 1.42 g  +8 material (0.62 g) consists of five angular fragments of coal that have had the sides and corners polished off, like in a rock tumbler. The largest fragment is 1 cm long. The fraction also contains a single rounded, bulbous metal fragment of welding slag.  +12 material (0.03 g) consists of two rust flakes, one angular fragment of coal with fresh, sharp edges, and one angular fragment of dark gray siltstone.  +60 material (0.51 g) consists dominantly of rust flakes (85%), with subordinate angular fragments of dark gray siltstone (10%) and coal fragments (5%) that exhibit freshly broken surfaces.  -60 material (0.2 g) consists of orange limonite and dark brown goethite-altered rust flakes that are abundantly intermixed with a brown-tinted mixture of dark gray siltstone and angular coal fragments. The fines have a tendency to adhere to the pan and contain significant coal fines. PE-0464 C (spray/staple) 0.15 g When the electrical tape was unwrapped, there was no loose material inside the nozzle, although it was evident that the nozzle outlet orifice was clogged with an angular piece of coal or dark gray siltstone. Small fragments of coal and dark gray siltstone are congealed together and blocked the nozzle orifice. The inside diameter of the nozzle hosts a thick rind of agglomerated fines that represent material referred to as “mud balls” in previous observations. A few small rust flakes and angular siltstone fragments were adhered to the electrical tape where it had covered the open base of the nozzle.     +8 material was not present +12 material (0.02 g) consists of a single, angular fragment of coal as well as three remnant aggregates of fines, dominantly representing coal, that formerly coated the inside of the spray nozzle. A thin, fragile rust flake was also present. +60 material (0.07 g) is dominated by rust flakes with very sparse angular fragments of dark gray siltstone and “mud balls” of coal fines that are remnants of the coating rind on the insides of the nozzle. The “mud balls” are easily disaggregated into fines with a slight touch. -60 material (0.03 g) is dominated by coal, with scattered rust flakes and dark gray siltstone. PE-0464 D (spray/staple) 0.5 g When the electrical tape was unwrapped, it was evident that the nozzle orifice was plugged with sediment. Upon removal of the tape across the base of the nozzle, it was evident that loose rust flakes were trapped inside the nozzle. After the loose rust flakes were dumped out, there was still congealed material inside the nozzle on the inner surface of the plugged orifice. The sediment was removed in stages: at the base of the nozzle, loose rust flakes represent the most recent material deposited, while the material farthest in the innermost recesses of the nozzle, consisting of milled sandstone and coal fines, represent material that had been deposited first, prior to the introduction of the rust flakes.     +8 material (0.13 g) consists of one angular, blocky fragment of coal and one angular, milled fragment of light gray sandstone. +12 material (0.07 g) consists of one angular fragment of light gray sandstone, two angular fragments of dark gray siltstone, and five angular fragments of coal, some of which exhibit light, surficial iron staining. +60 material (0.22 g) consists of 5% angular fragments of light gray sandstone, 10% angular fragments of dark gray siltstone, 15% coal, and 70% rust flakes. -60 material (0.04 g) is dominated by light gray sandstone and dark gray siltstone with minor coal and sporadic orange limonite-altered rust flakes. PE-0464 E (spray/staple) 0.43 g When the electrical tape was unwrapped, angular rust flakes were revealed in the interior of the nozzle, with many flakes stuck to the tape. After several seconds of aggressive tapping, angular rust flakes remained congealed together inside the nozzle. The mass was removed by pushing a stiff wire through the orifice, which induced the disaggregation of the mass of rust flakes.     +8 material (0.03 g) consists of two angular fragments of coal that are 4 mm in length. +12 material (0.05 g) consists of one angular fragment of light gray sandstone, three angular fragments of dark gray siltstone, a single angular fragment of coal, and two flat rust flakes. The rust flakes were characterized by dark brown goethite alteration with patchy orange limonite. +60 material (0.29 g) consists of 1% light gray sandstone that exhibits some iron staining, 2% angular coal fragments, and 97% rust flakes. -60 material (0.04 g) is dominated by rust flakes, with 10% angular coal fragments. PE-0464 #10 (spray/staple) 0.02 g There was no tape on this nozzle, although the basal plastic insert was in place. It was evident that the outlet orifice was not clogged, but that all three holes in the plastic insert at the rear of the nozzle were filled with fines. Although there is some minor coating of coal dust inside the nozzle, there was no appreciable material inside the nozzle. Two of the three holes on the inner surface of the plastic insert have “hanging chads” and the third hole was drilled cleanly but still clogged. The inside surface of the plastic insert was coated with coal dust. The very slight amount of material consisted of -60 mesh coal fines. PE-0464 #35 (spray/staple) 0.51 g When the electrical tape was unwrapped, it was evident that the nozzle outlet orifice was clogged with small, angular fragments of dark gray siltstone that abut against each other along angular corners. Upon removal of tape from the open bottom, it was evident that the inside of the nozzle was packed with fine-grained sediment that had been aggregated and completely filled the inside of the nozzle. The packed material consists of dark brown fines and angular fragments of coal and dark gray siltstone, but no rust flakes.     +8 material (0.16 g) consists of two angular fragments of coal and four angular fragments of dark gray siltstone. +12 material (0.07 g) consists of three angular fragments of dark gray siltstone and five angular fragments of coal, with the corners rounded off. +60 material (0.14 g) consists of 5% rust flakes, 30% coal, and 65% dark gray siltstone. Rock fragments exhibit angular, freshly broken surfaces. -60 material (0.08 g) consists of bright orange limonite rust flakes (10%), light gray sandstone (5%), and coal fines with dark gray siltstone (85%). The fraction contains coal dust that is “greasy” and adheres to the pan. PE-0464 #38 (spray/staple) 0.8 g When the electrical tape was unwrapped, it was evident that a small rock chip was lodged in the nozzle orifice. Upon removal of the tape covering the open bottom of the nozzle, it was evident that the inside of the nozzle was packed with fine-grained rock flour that constitutes the “mud balls” collected from other sprays. The material was dislodged with a stiff, thick wire and required significant force to push through. The fines have partially lithified into a pseudo-rock and are not easily disaggregated when in-place.     +8 material (0.27 g) consists of two angular fragments of light gray sandstone, which exhibit sharp edges and angular corners. +12 material (0.03 g) consists dominantly of “mud balls” that represent the pseudolithified fines found inside the spray nozzle, but are easily disaggregated into fines with slight pressure after being shaken. The only real +12 material consists of three angular fragments of coal, and the “mud ball” material was added to the -60 fraction. +60 material (0.19 g) consists of angular fragments of light gray to white sandstone (10%), dark gray siltstone (30%), and coal (58%) that exhibit freshly broken surfaces, as well as “mud balls” that have been rounded off during shaking. The “mud balls” represent the pseudo-lithified fines that are easily disaggregated. The fraction also includes very rare rust flakes (2%). -60 material (0.28 g) consists dominantly of fines from the disaggregated, pseudolithified deposits on the inside of the nozzle. Discernible pieces are angular fragments of coal and dark gray siltstone. The fines include the “mud ball” material from the +12 fraction. PE-0464 #42 (spray/staple) no material There was no tape on this nozzle, although the basal plastic insert was in place. It was evident that the outlet orifice was not clogged, but that all three of the holes in the plastic insert were clogged. Upon removal of the insert, it was evident that there was no material inside the nozzle. Inspection of the inner surface of the plastic insert indicated that the center hole was clogged, and that it is the only hole with a “hanging chad.” Inspection of the outer surface indicated that all three holes were filled with coal fines and angular fragments of dark gray siltstone. PE-0464 #43 (spray/staple) 0.13 g There was no tape on this nozzle, although the basal plastic insert was in place. It was evident that the outlet orifice was not clogged, and that of the three holes in the plastic insert, one was clogged with coal fines and one (central hole) was clogged with a shiny, metallic bead that is indicative of welding spatter. Upon removal of the plastic insert, it was apparent that the rear (inside surface) of the holes had flaps of plastic still attached, similar to a “hanging chad” that had impeded the passage of sediment through the hole. An angular fragment of dark gray siltstone, as well as a metal bead had been trapped by the “hanging chads.”     +8 material (0.1 g) consists of a single, rounded, shiny metallic piece that represents a welding bead, with some yellow brass or brazing on one part. The rounded ends are shiny metal, while the intervening part shows rust oxidation. +12 size fraction contains no material +60 material (<0.01 g) consists of 5% rust flakes, 35% angular coal fragments, and 60% angular fragments of dark gray siltstone. -60 material (<0.01 g) consists of 5% rust flakes, 25% dark gray siltstone, and 70% coal fragments and coal fines. Conclusions Sediment from the 1 North Longwall shearer’s tailgate drum spray nozzles were separated into four size fractions. The No. 8 and No. 12 U.S. Standard Sieve mesh sizes were chosen because they are similar to the 3/32nd and 1/16th -inch diameter sizes of spray nozzle orifices used on the tailgate drum. Thus, any material larger than +8 or +12 could not have entered the respective nozzle from the outside. The No. 60 U.S. Standard Sieve mesh size (0.250 mm) was chosen because it is similar to the 0.01-inch mesh (0.254 mm) used as screening on the water supply filter baskets. Thus, any material larger than +60 should not have been able to pass through the water basket filter screen, and is more likely to have entered the spray nozzle by some mechanism other than the water supply. The presence of +60, +12, and +8 size fragments in the spray nozzles may be an indication that the material entered through open nozzle ports on the shearer drum. It is significant that all of the +60 material consists of angular fragments of sandstone, siltstone, and coal, and that the fragments exhibit freshly broken, clean surfaces that are suggestive of generation by cutting activity of the longwall shearer. In contrast, quartz grains collected from the water baskets were characterized by subangular to subrounded, frosted grains that are considered typical of abrasion during transport on a geological time scale, and are likely to have been entrained in the water supply from the river or other surface supply. Individual quartz grains of this nature were not observed in any of the spray nozzle material. Furthermore, it is significant that the +60, +12, and +8 size material contains light gray to white sandstone, as well as dark gray, coarsegrained siltstone. During previous petrographic study of rock samples collected from the roof and floor of the longwall face, as part of the assessment of incendive potential, it was determined that while the immediate floor is composed of sandstone alone, the immediate roof is composed of light gray sandstone and thin layers of siltstone, which is represented by dark gray laminations. It therefore appears that chips of sandstone and siltstone from the roof had been falling into openings in the cutting drums for some unknown period of time. A significant conclusion of this observation is that it seems highly unlikely that the drum could have been filled with freshly cut rock chips if the spray nozzles had been removed only after the tail drum cut out as part of routine maintenance just prior to the explosion. The presence of a significant volume of the +60 material being represented by dark gray, coarse-grained siltstone is an indication of rock chips falling from the immediate roof. Therefore, the drum must have been operating with open nozzle ports, and concomitant lack of water pressure, for some unknown length of time prior to the explosion. This is not an indication that the drum was operating in the moments before the explosion, but does indicate that the drum was most likely being operated without functional water sprays in the hours or days prior to the explosion. The insides of several spray nozzles contained a rind of agglomerated coal fines and rock flour that in some cases had dried to a cement, and required significant force to dislodge. This material had in some cases coated the inside of the nozzle, clogging the outlet orifice especially where angular fragments of coal or siltstone had already become stuck inside the orifice. Although the nozzles in this batch of samples generally contained more rust flakes than the previous nozzles, and those rust flakes were of the +60/-12 fraction, the rust flakes occupied the basal portion of the spray nozzle interior, indicating that the coal/rock flour cement had been deposited first and clogged the spray, with the rust flakes deposited at some later time. In contrast to the sediment collected from the previously studied nozzles, which contained generally no more than 5% rust flakes, the nozzles collected from the bottom of the drum hosted a significant volume of rust flakes in the +60/-12 size fraction. This would suggest that the rust flakes preferentially settled to the bottom of the drum. However, it is not clear that the rust flakes were introduced during the restoration of water to the shearer in December 2010, because they should not have been able to pass through the water basket screen. Rust fragments are characterized by thin, flat flakes with a dark brown coloration and metallic luster, indicating the initial stages of oxidation to form lepidocrocite and goethite. This rust is of a different nature than the bright-orange, amorphous limonite staining that forms coatings on some angular rock chips collected from the spray nozzles and collected in a 20-ounce bottle by members of the Accident Investigation team during the December 2010 restoration of water to the shearer. Although the timing of rust introduction is unknown, it was definitely introduced after the coal/rock flour cement had already clogged the spray nozzles. A significant amount of foreign material in the form of welding spatter and welding slag was present in this subset of nozzle samples, likely reflecting the propensity of highdensity material to settle to the bottom of the drum. Welding spatter exhibited shiny, polished surfaces that are interpreted to reflect abrasion from the numerous rock fragments entrained inside the rotating drum, producing a scouring action similar to a ball mill. Welding spatter in some cases had clogged the spray nozzle outlet orifices, and become lodged in the holes of the plastic inserts. JUFD WW mu mg ?aw ED, gamma HUD mmammam Dmau? DUDE DIDDU Diana Us mm?? .HA 1? Kw mmTHU waw?w?ww?n/V?mQ :iq ?gf?g MN ?mm Um mm? Dm?. nu MW ghz?n w:a4wa? - a ANYQ awn/@V . ?55m EN ND ?mgg/gw?au/?p?zj ma #Lrg - mwmagng .knamv 1 @0540? HUDW 4 NNV mgmmumug:,\ TDJ ID ,jC \E?mm?j A 203.1 I 823033 a AL .1111 5/9 9n Waging wigs? mgc??jmj? QDQ >mmoQQ$Q :mBm $6 @330: I moc?: Umloljosom Ooo_ 003Uos< 20. #mlomuqmm ?\im??mr Mg L3 NLV JEEI 5 6 CETF EC EETTW memm? #mz La E1 J7EE 5 5 EB . EDGE 7: gEm N: w: 52:22: EJUJDEW FL EEH TE QB LT DDEDEF EET LEE LEW EECCF LEFEN ZU moo_m dzumoo. mm Eocmm AIM Zeb 9n Waging me?mBV mgc??jmj? qu >mmoQQ$Q :mBm $6 @8303 Kim I meg: Umloijosom 009 0033on 20. polomgmm Appendix T Elimination of Electrical Ignition Sources Lightning Lightning strikes were eliminated as a possible ignition source of the explosion event. Vaisala’s National Lightning Detection Network showed no lightning strikes within a ten mile radius of the mine site between 10:09:42 a.m. and 7:07:02 p.m. (See Vaisala Report 258028 in Appendix V). At the time of the explosion, there was no evidence of power outages related to storms in the area. Welding and Cutting There was no evidence of welding or cutting being performed at the time of the explosion, and no cutting equipment was found in the area of the longwall face. However, two electric welders were located near the longwall face in the headgate area. One welder (designated as “DC PTO”) was installed inside the third bay of the 480 Vac permissible headgate controller enclosure. This welder was interlocked with the longwall control circuitry, such that it could not be energized while the longwall 4,160 Vac power circuits were energized. Thus, the shearer and this welder could not be energized at the same time. In order to energize the welder through its circuit breaker “CB1,” the “DC PTO” switch handle on the outside of the headgate controller must be put in the “DC PTO” position. This switch was found in the “Normal” position, indicating the CB1 circuit breaker and the welder were de-energized. The two individual welding leads, approximately 15 feet long, exited the controller enclosure and were not connected to any other leads. The other electric welder, which normally hung on the monorail outby the headgate controller, was a portable unit that was found just inby the headgate controller enclosure. The power switch for this welder was found in the “off” position. The cable coupler to the distribution power box was found disconnected, indicating this welder was de-energized at the time of the explosion. No welding leads were connected to this welder when it was found. The only welding leads found in the area of the longwall face were in a flat cable, which was routed from the area of the headgate controller across the longwall face in the face conveyor’s (panline) cable handling tray. The end of this flat cable near the headgate enclosure had two male welding connectors, for the face welding leads, and were found disconnected and locked with a chain and padlock in the cable handling tray near the headgate controller. The keys for this padlock were normally kept on top of the headgate controller, and were found on the ground under the controller. From witness testimony, the last known welding operations in the longwall area was on the midnight maintenance shift prior to the accident. At that time, a welder was used to add additional flights to the face conveyor, and to replace the shearer head drum cowl blade. Both of these welding tasks were conducted on the headgate side of the longwall face. Shearer Electrical Components The Joy Mining Machinery, Model 07LS1A shearer, serial number LSW525C, MSHA Shearer Evaluation No. SE-18630-0, was located at the tailgate end of the longwall. The electrical components on the shearer included explosion-proof enclosures (motors, main controller enclosure, shearer power cable connection enclosure, and solenoid valve enclosure), a methane monitoring system with warning light enclosure, various intrinsically safe circuits, components and sensors, and all associated cables. Electrical cables were examined and no damaged areas were found. The electrical control components of the shearer were housed in the main controller enclosure, MSHA Certification No. X/P-4161-0. The controller consisted of three bays; access to this single enclosure was provided by three separate covers for the left, middle and right controller bays. There was a small lens on the left cover, and a larger window on the middle cover. All accessible flame-arresting path surfaces of the permissible explosion-proof enclosures were measured on the shearer, and no excessive openings were found. All unused lead entrances were plugged. A visual inspection of the windows and lenses showed no visible cracking or crazing (network of fine cracks). All fasteners and retainers were in place, and all fasteners were tight. On the controller enclosure cover, all selector switches and circuit breaker handles were in their normal operating positions. The shearer e-stop mushroom switch, located on the main controller enclosure, was wired properly and functional, and was not activated. Wiring and components inside the explosion-proof enclosures were examined and checked against the electrical approval documentation, and no deficiencies that would affect shearer operation were found. There was no evidence of abnormal arcing, sparking, or heating of components. No unusual odors were noted, and no abnormal residue was noted on any of the flame-arresting path surfaces. The JNA event log recorded no protective circuit trip functions or alarms in the hours before the explosion. The last protective device trip was for an overload on the right-hand cutter motor, approximately 7 hours and 10 minutes before the explosion, but evidence indicates that this was not a prolonged shutdown of the machine. Other mechanical features, including the ranging arm pins and cutter torque shafts, were inspected. Evidence and testimony indicated that the tail ranging arm “B-Lock” came out when the shearer was at the headgate. No electrical or mechanical deficiencies were found associated with the shearer. Shearer Remote Control Transmitter Shearer functions were controlled by two operators with handheld radio remote transmitters (Appendix U-1), designated by the JNA control system as left- and right-hand stations. The left transmitter and receiver operated at a frequency of 458.525 MHz, while the right transmitter and receiver operated at a frequency of 472.100 MHz. The station selector switch on the front panel of the shearer’s main controller was set to “both,” for the JNA control system to receive data from both remote transmitters. Therefore, both remotes must be functioning for the machine to be operational. The right-hand transmitter, identified by its frequency of 472.100 MHz, was a Matric Limited, Model TX1, Remote Control Transmitter, MSHA Approval No. 9B-220-0, and was found at shield 100. This transmitter was taken to the manufacturer for further examination and testing. The transmitter case and internal components had physical damage consistent with external forces. When attempting to turn the transmitter on, a “stuck button” error occurred. The microcontroller socket had physical damage, and after being replaced by a Matric Limited technician, the transmitter was used to perform functional testing for the shearers’ JNA0 and JNA1 units, without the need for its internal battery to be recharged. Testing found each switch on the remote transmitter to be in operating order. An inspection at A&CC did not identify signs of heating, arcing, or sparking inside or outside the remote transmitter. Evaluation and testing showed that the maximum voltage and current available on any of the external pins of the remote transmitter was intrinsically safe. Therefore, MSHA concluded that this transmitter was not the ignition source. The left-hand remote control transmitter was never found, but there was no indication that it was not functioning properly. The last record on the JNA event log prior to the explosion showed that the right-hand remote (Exhibit No. PE-0238) caused the shearer to stop. Automatic Chain Tensioning System A Joy Automatic Chain Tensioning System (ACTS) was installed at the tailgate area of the face to automatically control the face conveyor chain tension. The ACTS components included: an explosion-proof controller enclosure, a connection enclosure for the intrinsically safe circuits (referred to as a “marshalling box”), and various intrinsically safe transducers, sensors, a display beacon, and solenoids. This intrinsically safe system was accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-18031-0. All accessible flame-arresting path surfaces of the ACTS controller enclosure were measured, and no excessive openings were found. All unused lead entrances were plugged. An ACTS “PanelView” window display, located on the front enclosure cover, showed no visible cracking or crazing. All window fasteners and retainers were in place, and all fasteners were tight. All the intrinsically safe components were inspected, and no improper connections or damaged components were observed. None of the fuses in the intrinsically safe barriers, which protect the intrinsically safe circuits, measured “open.” There was no evidence of abnormal arcing, sparking, or heating of components inside the controller enclosure and the marshalling box, and no unusual odors were noted. No abnormal residue was noted on any of the flame-arresting path surfaces. A communication cable linked the ACTS programmable logic controller (PLC), located in the tailgate controller, to the PLC located in the headgate enclosure. This cable entered both enclosures, but the conductors were not connected to the PLC components in either. The 120 Vac power supply from the headgate was still connected inside both the headgate and the ACTS enclosure, although without communication to the headgate PLC, the ACTS could not operate in automatic mode. The selector switch control was found in the “Auto” position, but longwall employees stated that the ACTS was always operated by manual hand valves, without electrical controls. The PanelView connected to the PLC was designed to record the last 100 alarms of the ACTS programmable control system. When the alarm history was viewed, there were 100 identical alarms of a tailgate speed sensor fault, recorded within one second of each other, on September 11, 2009. Although the processor clock was off from “real time” by approximately one hour, it was concluded that the ACTS had not been used for many months prior to the accident. Tail Conveyor Drive Motor All accessible flame-arresting path surfaces of the enclosure, including the motor connection box, were measured, and no excessive openings were found. All unused lead entrances were plugged. Wiring and components inside the connection box enclosure were examined and checked against the longwall electrical approval documentation; no deficiencies were found. There was no evidence of abnormal arcing, sparking, or heating of components. No unusual odors were noted, and no abnormal residue was noted on any of the flame-arresting path surfaces. A Fluke 1520 megohmmeter was used to verify that no degradation of the motor insulation had occurred. Electrical Cables Along the Longwall Face Electrical cables along the longwall face were located either in the cable handling system of the panline or hung along the longwall shields. The cable handling system consisted of four vertically-stacked sections of a cable trough, accessible from the side of the panline facing the shields. Another cable tray on top of the panline allowed the shearer electrical and water hoses, in its “bretby” handling system, to follow the shearer as it progressed across the face. At shield 88, the shearer power cable and water hose exited the second section of the cable trough, and entered the cable tray in its “bretby” handling system. The top section of the trough contained seven electrical cables: 1) flat electrical cable (#2/0 AWG, type W) that contained the welding conductors; 2) blue armored cable for the methane monitor sensor located at the tailgate; 3) yellow communication cable for the ACTS, which was disconnected at both ends, but entered the two enclosures; 4) #6 AWG, 3 conductor, type G-GC cable (previous pump cable disconnected at both ends), which was routed from the headgate area but ended at Shield 86; 5) #6 AWG, 3 conductor, type G-GC cable, (previous pump cable disconnected at both ends), which was routed from the headgate to the tailgate, but was severed, with the ends four feet apart, at shield 115; 6) #14 AWG, 3 conductor, type Remote Control and Drill Cord cable, which was disconnected at both ends, and; 7) #14 AWG, 4 conductor, type Remote Control and Drill Cord cable, which provided 120 Vac to the ACTS controller enclosure. Progressing downward, the second section of the cable trough contained two 4,160 Vac power cables. One was a blue power cable for the tailgate conveyor drive motor. The other was a yellow power cable for the shearer. The third section of the cable trough contained a 1-1/2” hydraulic hose for the shields, 1” hose for the tail conveyor motor drive cooling water, and a hose to the tail drive water coupling. The fourth (bottom) section of the cable trough contained a water hose that supplied the shearer, and a return hydraulic hose for the shield hydraulic system. Examination of the shearer power cable where it exited the second section of the cable trough at mid-face, and where it entered the shearer, indicated that the bretby handling system containing the hose and cable had sufficient slack. The examination revealed no deficiencies in any cables in the panline cable trough. The shearer cable had been replaced from mid-face to the shearer in mid-March; splices examined at shields 45 and 87 were constructed adequately. Two repairs to the tail face conveyor motor cable, at shields 91 and 105, were found to be constructed adequately. Insulation Testing of Power Cables (Panline) The shearer and tail conveyor motor cables were type SHD-GC, with a shield around each of the power conductors, and each conductor shield in contact with the ground conductor. The insulation of the power conductors in both the shearer and tail conveyor motor cables were tested, using an Extech Digital High Voltage Insulation Tester, Model 380395, set at 5,000 volts. For both cables, the tester was placed sequentially between each power conductor and the ground conductor at the respective disconnect enclosures. This tested the insulation of each of the cables’ power conductors for their entire length. The testing showed no degradation in the insulation of any of the power conductors in either cable. Lighting System Components The lighting system power cable was a #6 AWG, 3-conductor, type G-GC cable, which provided 120 Vac three-phase power to the lighting power supply, explosion-proof enclosures. The type G-GC cable consisted of three-phase power conductors, an insulated ground-check “pilot” conductor, and two ground conductors. A lighting power supply enclosure was located at shields 3, 23, 43, 63, 83, 103, 123, 143, 163, and 173, each of which housed two intrinsically safe power supplies, accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-13827-0. Each intrinsically safe power supply provided a nominal 12 volts direct current (Vdc) output to power five KH Controls Inc., Model LX1 luminaires (light assembly), located on every other shield. The luminaires were accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-16453-0 and Certification No. X/P-4036-0. At shield 171, the lighting power cable was damaged, exhibiting a severed ground-check conductor and insulation damage on the black and white phase conductors. The lighting cable is normally zip-tied to the shield water line away from the chock interface unit (CIU). When inspected, the damaged area of the cable was laying on the damaged area of the CIU. The CIU had a bent mounting bracket, deformed enclosure, damaged internal circuit boards, and a damaged face plate. Upon initial inspection, the damage to the lighting cable was determined to have been caused by the same explosive forces, traveling from the tailgate toward the headgate, which damaged the CIU. The damaged section of the cable was recovered and sent to the A&CC for analysis... The lighting system power cable was protected by an SMC Electrical Products, Inc., Model C54-006, ground wire monitor in the headgate controller. (See Appendix - U-11) This ground wire monitor is designed to trip the lighting circuit breaker when an open or a short in the pilot wire occurs, thus de-energizing the entire longwall lighting circuit. There were no reports of the longwall lights not working and no evidence of maintenance being performed on the lighting circuit. The ground wire monitor circuitry and the pilot wire terminating diode were removed and tested at the A&CC to determine if sufficient energy existed in the pilot wire conductor to ignite an 8.3% methane-in-air mixture. Tests were conducted with and without simulated value of cable inductance. No testing ignited the methane-air mixture. The following protective circuit components were removed from the enclosure; lighting current transformer, lighting relay, ground fault relay, ground wire monitor, and lighting circuit breaker. A&CC performed functional testing of the protective circuitry components and no deficiencies were found. The lighting power supply explosion-proof enclosures located at shields 163 and 173 were examined. All accessible flame-arresting path surfaces of these enclosures were measured, and no excessive openings were found. There was no evidence of abnormal arcing, sparking, or heating of components in the enclosures (Appendix U-2). No unusual odors were detected, and no abnormal residue was noted on any of the flame-arresting path surfaces. Various lighting system components were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC. The components retrieved were: Six KH Controls Model ISS1 – 13.0 – 8.10, IA-13827-0 Power Supplies  Exhibit No. PE-0246-a*, S/N 1034, recovered from shield 173 (written on the front of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0246-b*, S/N 1832, recovered from shield 173 (written on the front of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0247-a**, S/N 2536, recovered from shield 163 (written on the front of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0247-b**, S/N 995, recovered from shield 163 (written on the front of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0248-a***, S/N 2185, recovered from shield 3 (written on the back of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0248-b***, S/N 1295, recovered from shield 3 (written on the back of the supply) *A case with Exhibit No. PE-0246 was received and contained two power supplies. These two power supplies were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0246-a and PE-0246-b when the case was opened. **A case with Exhibit No. PE-0247 was received and contained two power supplies. These two power supplies were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0247-a and PE-0247-b when the case was opened. *** A case with Exhibit No. PE-0248 was received and contained two power supplies. These two power supplies were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0248-a and PE-0248-b when the case was opened. Thirteen KH Controls Model LX1 Luminaire, IA-16453-0, X/P-4036-0  Exhibit No. PE-0254-a*, S/N 10774, recovered from shield 167  Exhibit No. PE-0254-b*, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from shield 124  Exhibit No. PE-0258-a**, S/N 12483, recovered from the area of shield 62  Exhibit No. PE-0258-b**, S/N 7791, recovered from the area of shield 66  Exhibit No. PE-0258-c**, S/N 6712, recovered from the area of shield 89  Exhibit No. PE-0258-d**, S/N 7353, recovered from the area of shield 173  Exhibit No. PE-0258-e**, S/N 12535, recovered from the area of shield 64  Exhibit No. PE-0258-f**, S/N 10437, recovered from the area of shield 139  Exhibit No. PE-0474, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of Survey Spad 22567     Exhibit No. PE-0475, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of the cross cut adjacent to Survey Spad 22567 Exhibit No. PE-0476, S/N unknown (missing approval plate),recovered from the area of the tailgate entry at the shearer Exhibit No. PE-0477, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of Shield 175 Exhibit No. PE-0478, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of Shield 172 The recovered from location information was obtained from the shield number written on the light, and/or the evidence tag. *A cardboard box with Exhibit No. PE-0254 was received and contained two KH Controls Model LX1 Luminaire exhibits. These two exhibits were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0254-a, and PE-0254-b when the box was opened. *A cardboard box with Exhibit No. PE-0258 was received and contained six KH Controls Model LX1 Luminaire exhibits. These six exhibits were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0258-a, PE-0258-b, PE-0258c, PE-0258-d, PE-0258-e, and PE-0258-f when the box was opened. IS Lighting Cable with connectors- Exhibit No. PE-0324, 91 feet of 14AWG, 3/C SOW, recovered from shield 143 to shield 152 Based on technical analysis and inspection of the underground installation, no evidence was found that the lighting system was an electrical ignition source. All lighting power supplies were functional, tested within approved safety settings, and exhibited no sign of internal tampering or damage significant enough to affect the operation. Each recovered luminaire showed effects of explosion-related heat and/or impact damage, which was consistent with all observed luminaires on the face. Luminaires from shields 124 and 66 (Exhibit Nos. PE-0254-b and PE-0258-b) were found in a condition indicating they were not maintained in permissible condition prior to the explosion, but these did not contribute to the explosion. Exhibit No. PE-0254-b had electrical tape wrapped around a significant crack in the connection where the polycarbonate tube, which contained dust and dirt, threaded into the maintenance sleeve. Exhibit No. PE-0258-b had a missing end cap, and the polycarbonate tube, which had electrical tape wrapped around it, was broken off at the threaded end. A crack would defeat the explosion-proof integrity of the assembly. However, these exhibits were not located where the ignition occurred. None of the other damaged luminaires taken as evidence or examined underground had electrical tape covering cracks. Electrohydraulic Shield System The Joy MS40 electrohydraulic system, consisting of a Master Supply Unit (MSU) and a Support Control Centre (SCC) at the headgate, controlled the movement of the shields. The intrinsically safe components were accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-408-10. The MSU and SCC were powered by their own intrinsically safe power supplies, (KH Controls, Inc. Model ISSA-13.0-6.8-AL1, accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-13827-0), installed in explosion-proof enclosures, MSHA Certification No. X/P-3929-0. A CIU control enclosure was located on each of the 176 shields along the longwall face. The MSU supplied intrinsically safe, nominal 12 Vdc power for the CIU enclosures via a “roadway” armored cable. On each shield, the CIU controlled six hydraulic solenoid valves, which initiated movement of the shields, and connected to a pressure and a distance transducer. A dump valve kit, consisting of a solenoid and pressure switch, was designed to release the main system hydraulic pressure to the return line, if any e-stop button was depressed on any face CIU or the MSU, or if the system hydraulic pressure was inadequate. The MSU provided power for the dump valve, and provided monitoring for the e-stop system to protect against solenoid valve short circuit or low voltage conditions. CIU enclosures were mounted on each shield. Two spare CIU enclosures, missing faceplates and internal printed circuit boards, were found at shields 27 and 77. The CIU enclosures at shields 1, 2, and 6 were damaged, and had several circuit boards missing. CIU circuit boards found in the tailgate area would likely correspond either to CIU enclosures at shields 1, 2, or 6, or from the spare CIU enclosures. Various components were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC, including:  CIU enclosures from shields 62, 64, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, and 176. CIU enclosures from shields 169 through 176 were retrieved because they exhibited signs of external heat or physical damage. CIU enclosures from shields 62 and 64 were retrieved because of visible heat damage on the infrared receiver lens.  The roadway cable between CIU enclosures at shields 169 and 170, which was found disconnected at the headgate side of the CIU enclosure at shield 170.  The KH Controls, Inc. Model ISSA-13.0-6.8-AL1 power supply for the MSU unit, accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-13827-0.  The MSU unit.  The SCC, which was taken to the manufacturer’s facility, where engineers and technicians familiar with this equipment attempted to view and recover the event and fault logs. Damage to the SCC and its internal circuitry was too extensive to allow data recovery.  Six hydraulic solenoid valves recovered from shield 170, and two hydraulic solenoid valves recovered from shield 145. The intrinsic safety analysis conducted at A&CC examined:  Output of the intrinsically safe MSU power supply.  Inductive energy stored in the roadway cable.  Energy stored in the hydraulic solenoid valves of the shields.  Energy stored in the total system capacitance of the connected system.  The possibility of thermal ignition from small-gauge wire strands. The analysis indicated that no signs of electrical heating, arcing, or sparking were observed on any of the components in the CIU enclosures, solenoids, power supplies, or associated cables. Based on the technical analysis and inspection of the underground installation, the electro-hydraulic shield control system is not considered an electrical ignition source (Appendix U-3). Comtrol Communication System The Comtrol longwall face communication/conveyor lock-out system, MSHA Approval No. 9B-71-2, consisted of Longwall Loudmouth Model LM115 phones positioned at the headgate area and typically, every eighth shield. Each phone is powered by its own 12-volt battery. An 18 AWG, 4 conductor, type SOOW cable connected each of the phone enclosures, and was protected by hose conduit up to the in-line connector near the phone. The system was linked to the startup sequence of the longwall face conveyor, through a Model LM1574A start up alarm control receiver, so that an alarm was given over the speakers when the conveyor was about to start. Each phone enclosure was provided with a lockout control capability to prevent the face conveyor from operating. Investigators noted that some phones were not in their original positions (i.e. mounted on shields). The phone at shield 173, the last in the system, was missing, as was the phone at shield 117. At least four phones were missing on the headgate side of the longwall. Phone circuit boards and enclosure pieces were found at several different locations across the face, as well as in the No. 7 tailgate entry. Electrical investigators that have traveled the face area did not observe any components or cables that showed signs of being an electrical ignition source. Various system components were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC . Worst case tests for intrinsic safety were performed on the power supply, start-up alarm/phone (located near the headgate enclosure), and an equivalent end-of-line termination unit, which was used because the actual termination unit was not located prior to the test, but found later at shield 110 approximately 360 feet from shield 173. This unit was also tested. All tests were performed with a worst case methane-in-air mixture of 8.3%, and indicated that a page transmitted from the headgate enclosure area would not ignite a methane-in-air mixture at the tailgate. A conveyor lockout switch passed the same test. Five Loudmouth phones and the start-up alarm/phone (from the headgate) were tested at A&CC for functionality. The phone from shield 165 was spark-ignition tested, and did not ignite an 8.3% methane-in-air mixture. Three face phones (shields 85, 109, and 165) and the headgate start-up alarm/phone were fully functional (communication and lock-out functions). Two phones obtained near the crusher and belt conveyor tailpiece had functioning conveyor lock-out switches, but had slight communication issues, in that the tailpiece phone could receive but not transmit, whereas the stageloader/crusher phone could receive, but transmitted a low, audible signal. Two terminating devices and additional Loudmouth phone components found across the longwall face were also sent to AC&C for further examination. Witness testimony did not indicate any issues with the longwall communication/conveyor lock-out system. The phone at shield 173 has not been found. An electrician that worked the midnight shift prior to the explosion stated that it was working properly. Pieces of telephone components were found around the longwall tailgate area that was possibly from the 173 phone. None of these components showed any signs of arcing and sparking (Appendix U-4). Multi-Gas Detector A MSA Solaris multi-gas detector (Exhibit No. B-15-B), carried by Richard Lane, Longwall Section Foreman, was retrieved from mid-face for examination and testing at A&CC. Testing determined that it was in working order. Downloaded data indicated that the device was energized at the time of the explosion and continued operating for several hours thereafter. During thermal ignition testing, the detector did not cause an ignition of a 7.75% methane-in-air mixture when energized (Appendix U-5). Personal Electrical Items Various electrical items were removed from six victims found and the longwall face. Tracking Tags Pyott-Boone Model 1980 tracking tag transmitters, MSHA Approval No. 23-A080004-0, were used by the miners. The following tracking tags belonged to victims found on the longwall face:  Tracking Tag ID 570, belonging to Chris Bell, Exhibit No. PE-0483;  Tracking Tag ID 584, belonging to Joel Price, Exhibit No. PE-0239;  Tracking Tag ID 564, belonging to Rick Lane, Exhibit No. B-15-D;  Tracking Tag ID 547, belonging to Gary Quarles, Exhibit No. B-11-A;  Tracking Tag ID 540, belonging to Dillard Persinger, Exhibit No. B-10-A; and,  Tracking Tag ID 546, belonging to Grover Skeens, Exhibit No. B-9-A. Exhibits PE-0483 and PE-0239 were found near shields 109 and 94-95, respectively. Exhibits B-9-A, B-10-A, B-11-A, and B-15-D were brought out of the mine in the days immediately after the accident. Twenty-four tracking tags, including the six already noted, were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC. The examination of the tags indicated that the tracking tag enclosures were not exposed to heat or fire, electrical energy within the tracking tags was not exposed to the mine atmosphere, and that none of the tracking tags represented a thermal or a spark ignition source (Appendix U-6). Cap Lamps An assortment of intact cap lamps and components were retrieved. Of these, thirty-three individual items were subjected to further examination and testing at A&CC. Many items exhibited explosion-related damage, i.e. heat, charring, soot, missing pieces or severe physical force. No evidence indicated that any of the cap lamp batteries had sufficient electrical energy to ignite a methane-in-air mixture or enough thermal energy to ignite coal dust (Appendix U-7). Air-Purifying Helmet Components Seven components from the air purifying helmets including four batteries, a portion of a battery case, and pieces of the helmet and cable were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC. None of the electrical components indicated signs of arcing, sparking or electrical heating. Methane ignition did not occur during a spark ignition test with the highest short circuit current and highest open circuit voltage that was measured from any of the batteries (Appendix U-8). Watches and Calculators Several non-permissible electrical items, including six watches and two calculators, were recovered from the longwall face and subjected to examination and testing at A&CC. These items were all disassembled and inspected. Four watches and one calculator were functional and working as expected. None of the items indicated signs of arcing, sparking, or electrical heating, and there is no evidence that any of these items were a source of spark or thermal ignition (Appendix U-9). Methane Monitor Sensor Components. Two CSE Model 140B LD IR methane monitor sensors (Exhibit Nos. PE-0169 and PE-0170) were retrieved from the tailgate area and tested at A&CC. The inspection of these components did not reveal any conditions that would suggest that the components caused an explosion. The sensors did not cause an ignition of a 7.5% methane-in-air mixture when energized in the test gas (Appendix U10). See Figures T-1 and T-2 for maps of the Electrical System, Equipment, and Associated Items that shows locations of some of these items and others inspected during the investigation. APPENDIX TESTING RESULTS FOR ALL EQUIPMENT TESTED AT Appendix T Elimination of Electrical Ignition Sources Lightning Lightning strikes were eliminated as a possible ignition source of the explosion event. Vaisala’s National Lightning Detection Network showed no lightning strikes within a ten mile radius of the mine site between 10:09:42 a.m. and 7:07:02 p.m. (See Vaisala Report 258028 in Appendix V). At the time of the explosion, there was no evidence of power outages related to storms in the area. Welding and Cutting There was no evidence of welding or cutting being performed at the time of the explosion, and no cutting equipment was found in the area of the longwall face. However, two electric welders were located near the longwall face in the headgate area. One welder (designated as “DC PTO”) was installed inside the third bay of the 480 Vac permissible headgate controller enclosure. This welder was interlocked with the longwall control circuitry, such that it could not be energized while the longwall 4,160 Vac power circuits were energized. Thus, the shearer and this welder could not be energized at the same time. In order to energize the welder through its circuit breaker “CB1,” the “DC PTO” switch handle on the outside of the headgate controller must be put in the “DC PTO” position. This switch was found in the “Normal” position, indicating the CB1 circuit breaker and the welder were de-energized. The two individual welding leads, approximately 15 feet long, exited the controller enclosure and were not connected to any other leads. The other electric welder, which normally hung on the monorail outby the headgate controller, was a portable unit that was found just inby the headgate controller enclosure. The power switch for this welder was found in the “off” position. The cable coupler to the distribution power box was found disconnected, indicating this welder was de-energized at the time of the explosion. No welding leads were connected to this welder when it was found. The only welding leads found in the area of the longwall face were in a flat cable, which was routed from the area of the headgate controller across the longwall face in the face conveyor’s (panline) cable handling tray. The end of this flat cable near the headgate enclosure had two male welding connectors, for the face welding leads, and were found disconnected and locked with a chain and padlock in the cable handling tray near the headgate controller. The keys for this padlock were normally kept on top of the headgate controller, and were found on the ground under the controller. From witness testimony, the last known welding operations in the longwall area was on the midnight maintenance shift prior to the accident. At that time, a welder was used to add additional flights to the face conveyor, and to replace the shearer head drum cowl blade. Both of these welding tasks were conducted on the headgate side of the longwall face. Shearer Electrical Components The Joy Mining Machinery, Model 07LS1A shearer, serial number LSW525C, MSHA Shearer Evaluation No. SE-18630-0, was located at the tailgate end of the longwall. The electrical components on the shearer included explosion-proof enclosures (motors, main controller enclosure, shearer power cable connection enclosure, and solenoid valve enclosure), a methane monitoring system with warning light enclosure, various intrinsically safe circuits, components and sensors, and all associated cables. Electrical cables were examined and no damaged areas were found. The electrical control components of the shearer were housed in the main controller enclosure, MSHA Certification No. X/P-4161-0. The controller consisted of three bays; access to this single enclosure was provided by three separate covers for the left, middle and right controller bays. There was a small lens on the left cover, and a larger window on the middle cover. All accessible flame-arresting path surfaces of the permissible explosion-proof enclosures were measured on the shearer, and no excessive openings were found. All unused lead entrances were plugged. A visual inspection of the windows and lenses showed no visible cracking or crazing (network of fine cracks). All fasteners and retainers were in place, and all fasteners were tight. On the controller enclosure cover, all selector switches and circuit breaker handles were in their normal operating positions. The shearer e-stop mushroom switch, located on the main controller enclosure, was wired properly and functional, and was not activated. Wiring and components inside the explosion-proof enclosures were examined and checked against the electrical approval documentation, and no deficiencies that would affect shearer operation were found. There was no evidence of abnormal arcing, sparking, or heating of components. No unusual odors were noted, and no abnormal residue was noted on any of the flame-arresting path surfaces. The JNA event log recorded no protective circuit trip functions or alarms in the hours before the explosion. The last protective device trip was for an overload on the right-hand cutter motor, approximately 7 hours and 10 minutes before the explosion, but evidence indicates that this was not a prolonged shutdown of the machine. Other mechanical features, including the ranging arm pins and cutter torque shafts, were inspected. Evidence and testimony indicated that the tail ranging arm “B-Lock” came out when the shearer was at the headgate. No electrical or mechanical deficiencies were found associated with the shearer. Shearer Remote Control Transmitter Shearer functions were controlled by two operators with handheld radio remote transmitters (Appendix U-1), designated by the JNA control system as left- and right-hand stations. The left transmitter and receiver operated at a frequency of 458.525 MHz, while the right transmitter and receiver operated at a frequency of 472.100 MHz. The station selector switch on the front panel of the shearer’s main controller was set to “both,” for the JNA control system to receive data from both remote transmitters. Therefore, both remotes must be functioning for the machine to be operational. The right-hand transmitter, identified by its frequency of 472.100 MHz, was a Matric Limited, Model TX1, Remote Control Transmitter, MSHA Approval No. 9B-220-0, and was found at shield 100. This transmitter was taken to the manufacturer for further examination and testing. The transmitter case and internal components had physical damage consistent with external forces. When attempting to turn the transmitter on, a “stuck button” error occurred. The microcontroller socket had physical damage, and after being replaced by a Matric Limited technician, the transmitter was used to perform functional testing for the shearers’ JNA0 and JNA1 units, without the need for its internal battery to be recharged. Testing found each switch on the remote transmitter to be in operating order. An inspection at A&CC did not identify signs of heating, arcing, or sparking inside or outside the remote transmitter. Evaluation and testing showed that the maximum voltage and current available on any of the external pins of the remote transmitter was intrinsically safe. Therefore, MSHA concluded that this transmitter was not the ignition source. The left-hand remote control transmitter was never found, but there was no indication that it was not functioning properly. The last record on the JNA event log prior to the explosion showed that the right-hand remote (Exhibit No. PE-0238) caused the shearer to stop. Automatic Chain Tensioning System A Joy Automatic Chain Tensioning System (ACTS) was installed at the tailgate area of the face to automatically control the face conveyor chain tension. The ACTS components included: an explosion-proof controller enclosure, a connection enclosure for the intrinsically safe circuits (referred to as a “marshalling box”), and various intrinsically safe transducers, sensors, a display beacon, and solenoids. This intrinsically safe system was accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-18031-0. All accessible flame-arresting path surfaces of the ACTS controller enclosure were measured, and no excessive openings were found. All unused lead entrances were plugged. An ACTS “PanelView” window display, located on the front enclosure cover, showed no visible cracking or crazing. All window fasteners and retainers were in place, and all fasteners were tight. All the intrinsically safe components were inspected, and no improper connections or damaged components were observed. None of the fuses in the intrinsically safe barriers, which protect the intrinsically safe circuits, measured “open.” There was no evidence of abnormal arcing, sparking, or heating of components inside the controller enclosure and the marshalling box, and no unusual odors were noted. No abnormal residue was noted on any of the flame-arresting path surfaces. A communication cable linked the ACTS programmable logic controller (PLC), located in the tailgate controller, to the PLC located in the headgate enclosure. This cable entered both enclosures, but the conductors were not connected to the PLC components in either. The 120 Vac power supply from the headgate was still connected inside both the headgate and the ACTS enclosure, although without communication to the headgate PLC, the ACTS could not operate in automatic mode. The selector switch control was found in the “Auto” position, but longwall employees stated that the ACTS was always operated by manual hand valves, without electrical controls. The PanelView connected to the PLC was designed to record the last 100 alarms of the ACTS programmable control system. When the alarm history was viewed, there were 100 identical alarms of a tailgate speed sensor fault, recorded within one second of each other, on September 11, 2009. Although the processor clock was off from “real time” by approximately one hour, it was concluded that the ACTS had not been used for many months prior to the accident. Tail Conveyor Drive Motor All accessible flame-arresting path surfaces of the enclosure, including the motor connection box, were measured, and no excessive openings were found. All unused lead entrances were plugged. Wiring and components inside the connection box enclosure were examined and checked against the longwall electrical approval documentation; no deficiencies were found. There was no evidence of abnormal arcing, sparking, or heating of components. No unusual odors were noted, and no abnormal residue was noted on any of the flame-arresting path surfaces. A Fluke 1520 megohmmeter was used to verify that no degradation of the motor insulation had occurred. Electrical Cables Along the Longwall Face Electrical cables along the longwall face were located either in the cable handling system of the panline or hung along the longwall shields. The cable handling system consisted of four vertically-stacked sections of a cable trough, accessible from the side of the panline facing the shields. Another cable tray on top of the panline allowed the shearer electrical and water hoses, in its “bretby” handling system, to follow the shearer as it progressed across the face. At shield 88, the shearer power cable and water hose exited the second section of the cable trough, and entered the cable tray in its “bretby” handling system. The top section of the trough contained seven electrical cables: 1) flat electrical cable (#2/0 AWG, type W) that contained the welding conductors; 2) blue armored cable for the methane monitor sensor located at the tailgate; 3) yellow communication cable for the ACTS, which was disconnected at both ends, but entered the two enclosures; 4) #6 AWG, 3 conductor, type G-GC cable (previous pump cable disconnected at both ends), which was routed from the headgate area but ended at Shield 86; 5) #6 AWG, 3 conductor, type G-GC cable, (previous pump cable disconnected at both ends), which was routed from the headgate to the tailgate, but was severed, with the ends four feet apart, at shield 115; 6) #14 AWG, 3 conductor, type Remote Control and Drill Cord cable, which was disconnected at both ends, and; 7) #14 AWG, 4 conductor, type Remote Control and Drill Cord cable, which provided 120 Vac to the ACTS controller enclosure. Progressing downward, the second section of the cable trough contained two 4,160 Vac power cables. One was a blue power cable for the tailgate conveyor drive motor. The other was a yellow power cable for the shearer. The third section of the cable trough contained a 1-1/2” hydraulic hose for the shields, 1” hose for the tail conveyor motor drive cooling water, and a hose to the tail drive water coupling. The fourth (bottom) section of the cable trough contained a water hose that supplied the shearer, and a return hydraulic hose for the shield hydraulic system. Examination of the shearer power cable where it exited the second section of the cable trough at mid-face, and where it entered the shearer, indicated that the bretby handling system containing the hose and cable had sufficient slack. The examination revealed no deficiencies in any cables in the panline cable trough. The shearer cable had been replaced from mid-face to the shearer in mid-March; splices examined at shields 45 and 87 were constructed adequately. Two repairs to the tail face conveyor motor cable, at shields 91 and 105, were found to be constructed adequately. Insulation Testing of Power Cables (Panline) The shearer and tail conveyor motor cables were type SHD-GC, with a shield around each of the power conductors, and each conductor shield in contact with the ground conductor. The insulation of the power conductors in both the shearer and tail conveyor motor cables were tested, using an Extech Digital High Voltage Insulation Tester, Model 380395, set at 5,000 volts. For both cables, the tester was placed sequentially between each power conductor and the ground conductor at the respective disconnect enclosures. This tested the insulation of each of the cables’ power conductors for their entire length. The testing showed no degradation in the insulation of any of the power conductors in either cable. Lighting System Components The lighting system power cable was a #6 AWG, 3-conductor, type G-GC cable, which provided 120 Vac three-phase power to the lighting power supply, explosion-proof enclosures. The type G-GC cable consisted of three-phase power conductors, an insulated ground-check “pilot” conductor, and two ground conductors. A lighting power supply enclosure was located at shields 3, 23, 43, 63, 83, 103, 123, 143, 163, and 173, each of which housed two intrinsically safe power supplies, accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-13827-0. Each intrinsically safe power supply provided a nominal 12 volts direct current (Vdc) output to power five KH Controls Inc., Model LX1 luminaires (light assembly), located on every other shield. The luminaires were accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-16453-0 and Certification No. X/P-4036-0. At shield 171, the lighting power cable was damaged, exhibiting a severed ground-check conductor and insulation damage on the black and white phase conductors. The lighting cable is normally zip-tied to the shield water line away from the chock interface unit (CIU). When inspected, the damaged area of the cable was laying on the damaged area of the CIU. The CIU had a bent mounting bracket, deformed enclosure, damaged internal circuit boards, and a damaged face plate. Upon initial inspection, the damage to the lighting cable was determined to have been caused by the same explosive forces, traveling from the tailgate toward the headgate, which damaged the CIU. The damaged section of the cable was recovered and sent to the A&CC for analysis... The lighting system power cable was protected by an SMC Electrical Products, Inc., Model C54-006, ground wire monitor in the headgate controller. (See Appendix - U-11) This ground wire monitor is designed to trip the lighting circuit breaker when an open or a short in the pilot wire occurs, thus de-energizing the entire longwall lighting circuit. There were no reports of the longwall lights not working and no evidence of maintenance being performed on the lighting circuit. The ground wire monitor circuitry and the pilot wire terminating diode were removed and tested at the A&CC to determine if sufficient energy existed in the pilot wire conductor to ignite an 8.3% methane-in-air mixture. Tests were conducted with and without simulated value of cable inductance. No testing ignited the methane-air mixture. The following protective circuit components were removed from the enclosure; lighting current transformer, lighting relay, ground fault relay, ground wire monitor, and lighting circuit breaker. A&CC performed functional testing of the protective circuitry components and no deficiencies were found. The lighting power supply explosion-proof enclosures located at shields 163 and 173 were examined. All accessible flame-arresting path surfaces of these enclosures were measured, and no excessive openings were found. There was no evidence of abnormal arcing, sparking, or heating of components in the enclosures (Appendix U-2). No unusual odors were detected, and no abnormal residue was noted on any of the flame-arresting path surfaces. Various lighting system components were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC. The components retrieved were: Six KH Controls Model ISS1 – 13.0 – 8.10, IA-13827-0 Power Supplies  Exhibit No. PE-0246-a*, S/N 1034, recovered from shield 173 (written on the front of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0246-b*, S/N 1832, recovered from shield 173 (written on the front of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0247-a**, S/N 2536, recovered from shield 163 (written on the front of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0247-b**, S/N 995, recovered from shield 163 (written on the front of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0248-a***, S/N 2185, recovered from shield 3 (written on the back of the supply)  Exhibit No. PE-0248-b***, S/N 1295, recovered from shield 3 (written on the back of the supply) *A case with Exhibit No. PE-0246 was received and contained two power supplies. These two power supplies were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0246-a and PE-0246-b when the case was opened. **A case with Exhibit No. PE-0247 was received and contained two power supplies. These two power supplies were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0247-a and PE-0247-b when the case was opened. *** A case with Exhibit No. PE-0248 was received and contained two power supplies. These two power supplies were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0248-a and PE-0248-b when the case was opened. Thirteen KH Controls Model LX1 Luminaire, IA-16453-0, X/P-4036-0  Exhibit No. PE-0254-a*, S/N 10774, recovered from shield 167  Exhibit No. PE-0254-b*, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from shield 124  Exhibit No. PE-0258-a**, S/N 12483, recovered from the area of shield 62  Exhibit No. PE-0258-b**, S/N 7791, recovered from the area of shield 66  Exhibit No. PE-0258-c**, S/N 6712, recovered from the area of shield 89  Exhibit No. PE-0258-d**, S/N 7353, recovered from the area of shield 173  Exhibit No. PE-0258-e**, S/N 12535, recovered from the area of shield 64  Exhibit No. PE-0258-f**, S/N 10437, recovered from the area of shield 139  Exhibit No. PE-0474, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of Survey Spad 22567     Exhibit No. PE-0475, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of the cross cut adjacent to Survey Spad 22567 Exhibit No. PE-0476, S/N unknown (missing approval plate),recovered from the area of the tailgate entry at the shearer Exhibit No. PE-0477, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of Shield 175 Exhibit No. PE-0478, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of Shield 172 The recovered from location information was obtained from the shield number written on the light, and/or the evidence tag. *A cardboard box with Exhibit No. PE-0254 was received and contained two KH Controls Model LX1 Luminaire exhibits. These two exhibits were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0254-a, and PE-0254-b when the box was opened. *A cardboard box with Exhibit No. PE-0258 was received and contained six KH Controls Model LX1 Luminaire exhibits. These six exhibits were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0258-a, PE-0258-b, PE-0258c, PE-0258-d, PE-0258-e, and PE-0258-f when the box was opened. IS Lighting Cable with connectors- Exhibit No. PE-0324, 91 feet of 14AWG, 3/C SOW, recovered from shield 143 to shield 152 Based on technical analysis and inspection of the underground installation, no evidence was found that the lighting system was an electrical ignition source. All lighting power supplies were functional, tested within approved safety settings, and exhibited no sign of internal tampering or damage significant enough to affect the operation. Each recovered luminaire showed effects of explosion-related heat and/or impact damage, which was consistent with all observed luminaires on the face. Luminaires from shields 124 and 66 (Exhibit Nos. PE-0254-b and PE-0258-b) were found in a condition indicating they were not maintained in permissible condition prior to the explosion, but these did not contribute to the explosion. Exhibit No. PE-0254-b had electrical tape wrapped around a significant crack in the connection where the polycarbonate tube, which contained dust and dirt, threaded into the maintenance sleeve. Exhibit No. PE-0258-b had a missing end cap, and the polycarbonate tube, which had electrical tape wrapped around it, was broken off at the threaded end. A crack would defeat the explosion-proof integrity of the assembly. However, these exhibits were not located where the ignition occurred. None of the other damaged luminaires taken as evidence or examined underground had electrical tape covering cracks. Electrohydraulic Shield System The Joy MS40 electrohydraulic system, consisting of a Master Supply Unit (MSU) and a Support Control Centre (SCC) at the headgate, controlled the movement of the shields. The intrinsically safe components were accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-408-10. The MSU and SCC were powered by their own intrinsically safe power supplies, (KH Controls, Inc. Model ISSA-13.0-6.8-AL1, accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-13827-0), installed in explosion-proof enclosures, MSHA Certification No. X/P-3929-0. A CIU control enclosure was located on each of the 176 shields along the longwall face. The MSU supplied intrinsically safe, nominal 12 Vdc power for the CIU enclosures via a “roadway” armored cable. On each shield, the CIU controlled six hydraulic solenoid valves, which initiated movement of the shields, and connected to a pressure and a distance transducer. A dump valve kit, consisting of a solenoid and pressure switch, was designed to release the main system hydraulic pressure to the return line, if any e-stop button was depressed on any face CIU or the MSU, or if the system hydraulic pressure was inadequate. The MSU provided power for the dump valve, and provided monitoring for the e-stop system to protect against solenoid valve short circuit or low voltage conditions. CIU enclosures were mounted on each shield. Two spare CIU enclosures, missing faceplates and internal printed circuit boards, were found at shields 27 and 77. The CIU enclosures at shields 1, 2, and 6 were damaged, and had several circuit boards missing. CIU circuit boards found in the tailgate area would likely correspond either to CIU enclosures at shields 1, 2, or 6, or from the spare CIU enclosures. Various components were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC, including:  CIU enclosures from shields 62, 64, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, and 176. CIU enclosures from shields 169 through 176 were retrieved because they exhibited signs of external heat or physical damage. CIU enclosures from shields 62 and 64 were retrieved because of visible heat damage on the infrared receiver lens.  The roadway cable between CIU enclosures at shields 169 and 170, which was found disconnected at the headgate side of the CIU enclosure at shield 170.  The KH Controls, Inc. Model ISSA-13.0-6.8-AL1 power supply for the MSU unit, accepted under MSHA Evaluation No. IA-13827-0.  The MSU unit.  The SCC, which was taken to the manufacturer’s facility, where engineers and technicians familiar with this equipment attempted to view and recover the event and fault logs. Damage to the SCC and its internal circuitry was too extensive to allow data recovery.  Six hydraulic solenoid valves recovered from shield 170, and two hydraulic solenoid valves recovered from shield 145. The intrinsic safety analysis conducted at A&CC examined:  Output of the intrinsically safe MSU power supply.  Inductive energy stored in the roadway cable.  Energy stored in the hydraulic solenoid valves of the shields.  Energy stored in the total system capacitance of the connected system.  The possibility of thermal ignition from small-gauge wire strands. The analysis indicated that no signs of electrical heating, arcing, or sparking were observed on any of the components in the CIU enclosures, solenoids, power supplies, or associated cables. Based on the technical analysis and inspection of the underground installation, the electro-hydraulic shield control system is not considered an electrical ignition source (Appendix U-3). Comtrol Communication System The Comtrol longwall face communication/conveyor lock-out system, MSHA Approval No. 9B-71-2, consisted of Longwall Loudmouth Model LM115 phones positioned at the headgate area and typically, every eighth shield. Each phone is powered by its own 12-volt battery. An 18 AWG, 4 conductor, type SOOW cable connected each of the phone enclosures, and was protected by hose conduit up to the in-line connector near the phone. The system was linked to the startup sequence of the longwall face conveyor, through a Model LM1574A start up alarm control receiver, so that an alarm was given over the speakers when the conveyor was about to start. Each phone enclosure was provided with a lockout control capability to prevent the face conveyor from operating. Investigators noted that some phones were not in their original positions (i.e. mounted on shields). The phone at shield 173, the last in the system, was missing, as was the phone at shield 117. At least four phones were missing on the headgate side of the longwall. Phone circuit boards and enclosure pieces were found at several different locations across the face, as well as in the No. 7 tailgate entry. Electrical investigators that have traveled the face area did not observe any components or cables that showed signs of being an electrical ignition source. Various system components were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC . Worst case tests for intrinsic safety were performed on the power supply, start-up alarm/phone (located near the headgate enclosure), and an equivalent end-of-line termination unit, which was used because the actual termination unit was not located prior to the test, but found later at shield 110 approximately 360 feet from shield 173. This unit was also tested. All tests were performed with a worst case methane-in-air mixture of 8.3%, and indicated that a page transmitted from the headgate enclosure area would not ignite a methane-in-air mixture at the tailgate. A conveyor lockout switch passed the same test. Five Loudmouth phones and the start-up alarm/phone (from the headgate) were tested at A&CC for functionality. The phone from shield 165 was spark-ignition tested, and did not ignite an 8.3% methane-in-air mixture. Three face phones (shields 85, 109, and 165) and the headgate start-up alarm/phone were fully functional (communication and lock-out functions). Two phones obtained near the crusher and belt conveyor tailpiece had functioning conveyor lock-out switches, but had slight communication issues, in that the tailpiece phone could receive but not transmit, whereas the stageloader/crusher phone could receive, but transmitted a low, audible signal. Two terminating devices and additional Loudmouth phone components found across the longwall face were also sent to AC&C for further examination. Witness testimony did not indicate any issues with the longwall communication/conveyor lock-out system. The phone at shield 173 has not been found. An electrician that worked the midnight shift prior to the explosion stated that it was working properly. Pieces of telephone components were found around the longwall tailgate area that was possibly from the 173 phone. None of these components showed any signs of arcing and sparking (Appendix U-4). Multi-Gas Detector A MSA Solaris multi-gas detector (Exhibit No. B-15-B), carried by Richard Lane, Longwall Section Foreman, was retrieved from mid-face for examination and testing at A&CC. Testing determined that it was in working order. Downloaded data indicated that the device was energized at the time of the explosion and continued operating for several hours thereafter. During thermal ignition testing, the detector did not cause an ignition of a 7.75% methane-in-air mixture when energized (Appendix U-5). Personal Electrical Items Various electrical items were removed from six victims found and the longwall face. Tracking Tags Pyott-Boone Model 1980 tracking tag transmitters, MSHA Approval No. 23-A080004-0, were used by the miners. The following tracking tags belonged to victims found on the longwall face:  Tracking Tag ID 570, belonging to Chris Bell, Exhibit No. PE-0483;  Tracking Tag ID 584, belonging to Joel Price, Exhibit No. PE-0239;  Tracking Tag ID 564, belonging to Rick Lane, Exhibit No. B-15-D;  Tracking Tag ID 547, belonging to Gary Quarles, Exhibit No. B-11-A;  Tracking Tag ID 540, belonging to Dillard Persinger, Exhibit No. B-10-A; and,  Tracking Tag ID 546, belonging to Grover Skeens, Exhibit No. B-9-A. Exhibits PE-0483 and PE-0239 were found near shields 109 and 94-95, respectively. Exhibits B-9-A, B-10-A, B-11-A, and B-15-D were brought out of the mine in the days immediately after the accident. Twenty-four tracking tags, including the six already noted, were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC. The examination of the tags indicated that the tracking tag enclosures were not exposed to heat or fire, electrical energy within the tracking tags was not exposed to the mine atmosphere, and that none of the tracking tags represented a thermal or a spark ignition source (Appendix U-6). Cap Lamps An assortment of intact cap lamps and components were retrieved. Of these, thirty-three individual items were subjected to further examination and testing at A&CC. Many items exhibited explosion-related damage, i.e. heat, charring, soot, missing pieces or severe physical force. No evidence indicated that any of the cap lamp batteries had sufficient electrical energy to ignite a methane-in-air mixture or enough thermal energy to ignite coal dust (Appendix U-7). Air-Purifying Helmet Components Seven components from the air purifying helmets including four batteries, a portion of a battery case, and pieces of the helmet and cable were retrieved for further examination and testing at A&CC. None of the electrical components indicated signs of arcing, sparking or electrical heating. Methane ignition did not occur during a spark ignition test with the highest short circuit current and highest open circuit voltage that was measured from any of the batteries (Appendix U-8). Watches and Calculators Several non-permissible electrical items, including six watches and two calculators, were recovered from the longwall face and subjected to examination and testing at A&CC. These items were all disassembled and inspected. Four watches and one calculator were functional and working as expected. None of the items indicated signs of arcing, sparking, or electrical heating, and there is no evidence that any of these items were a source of spark or thermal ignition (Appendix U-9). Methane Monitor Sensor Components. Two CSE Model 140B LD IR methane monitor sensors (Exhibit Nos. PE-0169 and PE-0170) were retrieved from the tailgate area and tested at A&CC. The inspection of these components did not reveal any conditions that would suggest that the components caused an explosion. The sensors did not cause an ignition of a 7.5% methane-in-air mixture when energized in the test gas (Appendix U10). See Figures T-1 and T-2 for maps of the Electrical System, Equipment, and Associated Items that shows locations of some of these items and others inspected during the investigation. APPENDIX TESTING RESULTS FOR ALL EQUIPMENT TESTED AT APPENDIX U-1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATION OF REMOTE CONTROL UNITS U.S . Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Admin istration Approval and Certification Center 765 Technology Drive Triade lphia , West Virginia 26059 November 17, 2011 MEMORANDUM FOR NORMAN G. PAGE Accident Investigation Team Leader W FROM: JOHN P. FAINI Chief, Approval and Certification Center SUB,.IECT: Executive Summary of Investigation of Remote Control Units Recovered from Performance Coal Company's Upper Big Branch - South Mine The Approval and Certification Center (A&CC), as requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page, conducted a laboratory investigation associated with respect to Remote Control Units recovered from a fatal mine explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South on April 5, 2010. The components received were: 1. Exhibit No. PE-0209 Matric Limited TX1 Remote Control Approval Number 9B-220-0 (Found between Survey Spads (S.S.) 22701 and 22692 as documented by the Evidence Identification Tag). 2. Exhibit No. PE-021 0 Matric Limited TX1 Remote Control Approval Number 9B-220-0 (Found between S.S. 22701 and 22692 as documented by the Evidence Identification Tag). 3. Exhibit No. PE-0211 Matric Limited TX1 Remote Control Approval Number 98-220-0 (Found in crosscut adjacent to S.S. 22692 as documented by the Evidence Identification Tag). 4. Exhibit No. PE-0238 Matric Limited TX1 Remote Control Approval Number 98-220-0 (Found at Shield 100 as documented by the Evidence Identification Tag). 5. Exhibit No. PE-0315 Matric Limited TX3 Remote Control Approval Number 2G-4096-0 (Found in TG-22 Entry #3 as documented by the Evidence Identification Tag). 6. Exhibit No. PE-0347 Matric Limited TX3 Remote Control Approval Number 2G-4096-0 (Found in HG-22 Section, #1 Entry RT Crosscut as documented by the Evidence Identification Tag). 7. Exhibit No. PE-0348 Matric Limited TX3 Remote Control Approval Number 2G-4096-0 (Found in HG-22 Section , #3 Entry as documented by the Evidence Identification Tag). 8. Exhibit No. PE-0376 Matric Limited TX3 Remote Control Approval Number 2G-4096-0 (Labeled as "Left Miner Remote TG-22" as documented by the Evidence Identification Tag ). The exhibits were initially documented and photographed du ring a Preliminary lnspecti,on in the condition in which they were received . The Preliminary Inspection included decontamination of items that were considered potentially biohazardous, documenting visual observations, and photographing conditions of the exhibits . This inspection was conducted as the equipment was received by the Primary Investigator during the accident investi9ation. After the Preliminary Inspection was completed, a Detailed Inspection was conducted. The Detailed Inspection included noting any signs of arcing , sparking , or electrical heating1on both the outside and inside of the equ ipment This involved disassembling the equipment and performing any applicable testing as modified per ASOP2026, Investigative Procedures for Evaluating Equ ipment from Mine Explosions. At the conclusion of the Detailed Inspection , each piece of equipment was compared to approval documentation . These inspections and tests found: • There were no signs of internal heating , arcing, or sparking on any of the units . • Several! minor discrepancies we re noted when the Remote Controls were compared to approval documentation. These discrepancies did not affect operation, safety features, or the intrinsic safety of the remotes. A comparison of the components and circuitry under the RF shield for Exhibit Nos. PE-0347, PE0348 , and PE-0376 and under the RF shield and battery potting for Exhibit Nos. PE-0209 , PE-0210 , PE-0211 was deemed unnecessary by the Accident Investigation Team since they determined that these exhibits were not located near the origin of the explosion. 2 APPENDIX U-2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATION OF LONGWALL LIGHTING SYSTEM COMPONENTS APPENDIX U-2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATION OF LONGWALL LIGHTING SYSTEM COMPONENTS U .S . Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administrati on Approval and Ce rtification Cen te r 765 Technology Drive Triadelphia , West Virgin ia 26059 November 18. 2011 MEMORANDUM FOR NORMAN G. PAGE Accident Investigation Team Leader 91-- FROM : JOHN P. FAINI Chief, Approval and Certification Center SUBJECT: Executive Summary of Investigation of Longwall Lighting System Components Recovered from Performance Coal Company 's Upper Big Branch- South Mine The Approval and Certification Center (A&CC), as requested by the Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page, conducted a laboratory investigation on the longwalllighting system components recovered from the April 5, 2010 mine explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South. The components received were: Six KH Controls ModeiiSS1 - 13.0-8.1 0, IA-13827-0 Power Supplies. • Exhibit No. PE-0246-a*, S/N 1034, recovered from shield 173 (written on the front of the supply). • Exhibit No . PE-0246-b*, S/N 1832, recovered from sh ield 173 (written on the front of the supply). • Exhibit No. PE-0247-a** , SIN 2536 , recovered from shield 163 (written on the front of the supply). • Exhibit No. PE-0247-b**, S/N 995 , recovered from shield 163 (written on the front of the supply). • Exhibit No. PE-0248-a***, S/N 2185 , recovered from shield 3 (written on the back of the supply). • Exhibit No . PE-0248-b***, S/N 1295, recovered from shield 3 (written on the back of the supply). *A case with Exhibit No. PE-0246 was received and contained two power supplies. These two power supplies were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0246-a and PE-0246-b when the case was opened. **A case with Exhibit No. PE-0247 was received and contained two power supplies. These two power supplies were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0247-a and PE-0247-b when the case was opened. ***A case with Exhibit No. PE-0248 was received and contained two power supplies. These two power supplies were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0248-a and PE-0248-b when the case was opened. Thilfteen KH Controls Model LX1 Luminai re, IA-16453-0, X/P-4036-0. • Exhibit No. PE-0254-a*, S/N 110774, recovered from shield 167. • Exhibit No. PE-0254-b*, S/N unknown (miss·n9' approval plate) , recovered from shield 124. • Exhibit No . PE-0258-a**, S/N 12483, recovered from the area of shield 62 . • Exhibit No . PE-0258-b**, SIN 779 11, recovered f rom the area of shield 66 . • Exhibit No. PE-0258-c** , SIN 6712, recovered from the area of shield 89. • Exhib ~i t No. PE-0258-d**, SIN 7353, recovered from the area of sh ield 173. • Exhibit No. PE-0258-e**, SIN 12535, recovered from the area of slh ie1ld 64 . • Exhibit No . PE-0258-f**, S/N 10437, recovered from the area of shield 139. • Exhibit No . PE-0474, S/N unknown (missi ng approval plate) , recovered from the area of Survey Spad 22567 . • Exhibit No. PE-0475, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of the cross cut adjacent to Survey Spad 22567. • Exhibit No. PE-0476 , SIN unknown (missing approva'l pl ate), recovered from the area of the tailgate entry at the shearer. • Exhibit No. PE-0477 , S/N unknown (missi ng. approval plate), recovered from the area of Shield 175. • Exhibit No . PE-0478, S/N unknown (missing approval plate), recovered from the area of Shield 172. 1 1 The recovered from location information was obtained from the shield number written on the light, and/or the evidence tag . *A cardboard box with Exhibit No. PE-0254 was received and contained two KH Controls Model LX1 Luminaire exhibits. These two exhibits were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0254-a, and PE-0254-b when the box was opened. **A cardboard box with Exhibit No. PE-0258 was received and contained six KH Controls Model LX1 Luminaire exhibits. These six exhibits were assigned the newly generated Exhibit Nos. PE-0258-a, PE~ 0258-b, PE-0258-c, PE-0258-d, PE~ 0258- e, and PE-0258-f when the box was opened. IS Lighting Cable with connectors. • Exhibit No . PE-03 24, 91 feet of 14AWG, 3/C SOW, recovered from shield 143 to shield 152. The investigation began with a prelim inary inspection of all the evidence received . The preliminary inspection included documenting visual observations and photographing the 2 as-received conditions of the components . This inspection was conducted between October 13 and October 14, 2010. The second phase of the investigation was conducting the electnicaj and functional tests , inC'Iuding measuring the electrtcal characteristics of the power supplies, luminaires cable, and energizing the lighting ballasts . These tests were conducted between October 27 , 2010 and November 1, 2010 . The third phase involved a detailed inspedion of the evidence. The detailed inspection involved disassembling the evidence to investigate any signs of arcing, sparking, damage, or electrical heating . These inspections were conducted between October 29, 201 0 and November 18, 201 0. The fourth and final phase involved a comparison of the evidence to approval drawings. This was intended to discover any discrepancies between the ev,idence and the MSHA approved drawings. These comparisons were conducted between November 3, 2010 and November 19,2010. Evidence with Exhibit Nos. PE-0474, PE-0475, PE-0476 , PE-0477, and PE-0478 were received at a later date. All inspections took place between May 16 -18, 2011 . All of the power supplies were functional and, when tested , were found to be within the specifi,c manufacturer's electrical parameters under which the power supp.ly was evaluated and accepted. None of the power supplies exhibited any signs of ,internal tampering or damage significant enough to affect the operation. There were only minor discrepancies found which did not affect the operation or safety features, and are considered non-critical. There is no evidence that these power supplies were a source of spark ignition alone or when electricallly connected to the IS lighting cable (excluding connection to the luminaires). All luminaires showed some damage such as heat damage and/or impact damage. This damage was most likely caused by the explosion, but the condition of these luminaires prior to the explosion i~s not definitely known. During the comparison to the approval drawings, only minor discrepancies were found which did not affect operation, safety features, or the explosion-proof integrity and are considered non ~cri tical. The 'uminaires identified by Exhibit Nos. PE-0254-b and PE-0258~b were found in a condition indicating they were not maintained in permissible condition prior to the explosion. • Exhibit No. PE-0254-b had electrical tape wrapped around a significant crack in the connection where the polycarbonate tube threads into the maintenance sleeve . Dust and dirt were found inside the polycarbonate tube. 3 • Exhibit No. PE-0258-b had a missing end cap and the polycarbonate tube was broken off at the threaded end. There was electrical tape wrapped around the polycarbonate tube a few inches down from the broken end. Based on laboratory testing and inspection of intrinsically safe lighting cables at the Upper Big Branch Mine, no evidence was found that the intrinsically safe lighting cables thermally ignited coal dust on the longwall system . 4 APPENDIX U-3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATION OF ELECTROHYDRAULIC SHIELD CONTROL COMPONENTS APPENDIX U-3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATION OF ELECTROHYDRAULIC SHIELD CONTROL COMPONENTS U .S . Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administration Approval and Certification Center 765 Technology Drive Triade lphia , West Virginia 26059 November 17. 2011 MEMORANDUM FOR NORMAN G. PAGE Accident Investigation Team Leader W- FROM: JOHN P. FAINI Chief, Approval and Certification Center SUBJECT: Executive Summary of Investigation of Electrohydraulic Shield Control Components Recovered from Performance Coal Company's Upper Big Branch- South Mine The Approval and Certification Center (A&CC), as requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page, conducted a laboratory investigation associated with respect to the electrohydraulic shield control components recovered from a fatal mine explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South on April 5, 2010 . The investigation focused on the area for the source of the explosion. The Accident Investigation Team determined this "zone of concern" to be from shield number 160 to the tailgate of the longwall. The components received were: One (1) Joy Mining Machinery Master Supply Unit (MSU) recovered from the longwall headgate area. • Exhibit No. PE-0490, Type 375186-00-30, MSHA IA-408-1 0, P/N 06-01357, Serial No. JMM003. One (1) KH Controls, Inc. MSU Power Supply recovered from an explosion proof enclosure at the longwall headgate area. • Exhibit No. PE-0248-c*, ModeiiSS1 -13.0-6 .8-AL 1 Power Supply, MSHA IA-13827 -0, Serial Number 697. Ten (1 0) Joy Mining Machinery MS 40 Chock Interface Units (CIU) , Part No. 06-01383 , IA-408-9, recovered from the longwall face. 1. Exhibit No. PE-0257, CIU from shield number 62, Serial No. JMM097. 2. Exhibit No. PE-0259, CIU from shield number 64, Serial No. R81 M. 3. Exhibit No. PE-0335-a*, CIU from shield number 169, Serial No. JMM 168A. 4. Exhibit No. PE-0335-b*, CIU from shield number 170, Serial No. B867 . 5. Exhibit No. PE-0334-a* , CIU from shield number 171, Serial No. E095. 6. Exhibit No . PE-0311-a* , CIU from shield number 172, Serial No. 07/E805 . 7. Exhibit No . PE-0334-b*, CIU from shield number 173 , Serial No. JMM 171 . 8. Exhibit No. PE-0311-b*, CIU from shield number 174, Serial No. 164. 9. Exhibit No. PE-0273-b*, CIU from shield number 175, Serial No . E097. 10. Exhibit No. PE-0273-a*, CIU from shield number 176, Serial No. JMM 060A. Eight (8) Shield Control Solenoid Valves recovered from the longwall face. 1. Exhibit No. PE-0255-a*, solenoid valve recovered from shield 145 with side label indicating "Joy Mining Machinery HPS04751" and no legible information on bottom nameplate. 2. Exhibit No. PE-0255-b*, solenoid valve recovered from shield 145 with side label indicating "United Mining Equipment 23739" and no pertinent information on bottom nameplate. 3. Exhibit No . PE-031 0-a*, solenoid valve recovered from shield 170 with no side label and no bottom nameplate. 4. Exhibit No. PE-031 0-b*, solenoid valve from shield 170 with no side label and bottom nameplate indicating "Joy Mining Machinery Type 146420-01-30 66069897". 5. Exhibit No . PE-031 0-c* , solenoid valve recovered from shield 170 with side label indicating "United Mining Equipment 14375" and no legible information on bottom nameplate. 6. Exhibit No . PE-0310-d*, solenoid valve recovered from shield 170 with no side label and partially legible information marked on bottom nameplate. The legible nameplate information matches labeling on PE-031 0-b. 7. Exhibit No. PE-0310-e*, solenoid valve recovered from shield 170 with no side label and no pertinent information on bottom nameplate. 8. Exhibit No. PE-0310-f*, solenoid valve recovered from shield 170 with no side label and bottom nameplate indicating 'Type 146420-01 -30 66069897" with no manufacturer's name. Nine (9) Miscellaneous Components recovered from the longwall face or the longwall tailgate area. 1. Exhibit No. PE-0284, CIU stainless steel cover plate. 2. Exhibit No. PE-0272, shield to shield cable marked 169-170. 3. Exhibit No. PE-0229, front panel circuit board from a CIU. 4. Exhibit No . PE-0283 , main circuit board from a CIU . 5. Exhibit No. PE-0488, CIU enclosure containing no circuit boards, and no front cover. 2 6. Exhibit No. PE-0486-a*, CIU cast aluminum front cover with stainless steel cover plate , and main/front panel PCBs attached. 7. Exh)bit No. PE-0486-b*, CIU cast aluminum front cover with missing approximately 1;4 of top center area. 8 .. Exhibit No. PE-0486-c*, approximately Y, of bottom center area of CIU cast aluminum front cover. 9. Exhibit No. PE-0486-d*, MS40, Part No. 06-01383, Serial No . 096 CIU nameplate. Fourteen (14) Components recovered from a warehouse. 1. Exhibit No. PE-0326-a*, Joy/Marco Type sns/dmd/d8, P/N 07-00504 leg pressure transducer, Joy Part No. 08-01653 , Serial No. 68342/2. 2. Exhibit No. PE-0326-b*, Joy P/N 08-01653 , 800mm cable assembly. Joy indicated that this cable interconnects the MS40 CIU and the RS20 solenoid valve junction box. Since no RS20 junction boxes were provided, it is assumed that this cable was mistakenly submitted. 3. Exhibit No. PE-0326-c*, United Mining Equipment PIN 08-00968 RAM transducer cable assembly. 4. Exhibit No. PE-0326-d* is a P/N 66161558 solenoid valve junction box. 5. Exhibit No. PE-0326-e*, United Mining Equipment P/N 08-00675 leg transducer cable. 6. Exhibit No. PE-0326-f*, Joy/Marco Type sns/rs/j1150c RAM transducer and housing tube, Joy Part No. 06-01307, Serial No. 34355-94 . 7. Exhibit No. PE-0346-a* is a solenoid valve labeled HPS01952. 8. Exhibit No. PE-0346-b* is a solenoid valve labeled HPS04932. 9. Exhibit No. PE-0346-c* is a solenoid valve labeled HPS02569. 10. Exhibit No. PE-0346-d* is a solenoid valve labeled H.PS02087. 11. Exhibit No. PE-0346-e* is a solenoid valve labeled HPS01941 . 12 . Exhibit No. PE-0346-f* is a solenoid valve labeled HPS02569. 13._Exhibit No. PE-0346-g* is a P/N 08-00676 CIU-to-junction box cable. 14. Exhibit No. PE-0346-h* is a P/N 66161558 solenoid valve junction box. *Note: Multiple pieces of evidence that arrived at the A&CC under one exhibit number (e .g. Exhibit No. PE-0248 consisted of two lighting system power supplies and one shield control system power supply) were expanded into new unique exhibit numbers containing a dash followed by a letter (e .g. Exhibit No. PE-0248-c) . The investigation began with a preliminary inspection of all the shield control components recovered from the longwall face and a warehouse. The preliminary 3 inspection included documenting visual observations, and photographing the as received condition of the components. The most significant observations were that there were signs of melting observed on some of the CIUs around the buzzer, infrared receiver lens, and switch plate membrane; and differences in the construction of the solenoid valves. The next phase of the investigation included testing of some of the recovered components as well as experimental testing of non-evidence. Some of the detailed inspection that would not interfere with testing was conducted in conjunction with the testing phase. Tests of the system included spark ignition testing at the output of the power supply, spark ignition testing simulating various system inductances, power supply load capacitance spark ignition testing, and spark ignition testing simulating various solenoid valve configurations. No spark ignition test failures involving the recovered equipment were observed. CIU performance testing revealed that all except for one of the CIUs were functional to some degree. No specific faults of malfunctioning CIU circuits were identified during the performance testing. Experimental testing of non-evidence included determining the maximum current in which several wire strand sizes will remain below 150 oc (minimum ignition temperature of coal dust). Testing of the MSU revealed that all ten opto-isolators were capable of isolating a 20 Vdc power supply from input to output. The next phase of the investigation included a detailed inspection of all the shield control components recovered from the longwall section and a warehouse. For the equipment recovered from the longwall section, this involved disassembling the equipment to address irregularities found during the preliminary inspection or testing; determining whether any of the components showed signs of electrical heating, arcing, or sparking; and determining if any of the units contained faults which could be an ignition hazard. After disassembling and inspecting the equipment recovered from the longwall section, no faults, signs of arcing or sparking, or signs of electrical heating were observed to be caused by the shield control components. For the equipment recovered from a warehouse, this involved determining interconnection of components and whether the junction boxes used during spark ignition testing contained any components that would affect the results of the test. Additional detailed inspection of cutting open cables to determine minimum strand size used to construct conductors and breaking away encapsulant of two solenoids to determine the diode type and configuration was also conducted. The last phase of the investigation was comparing the recovered components to documentation on file at the A&CC. The encapsulated equipment (solenoid valves, sensors, and bottom half of the power supply) were not compared to the approval documentation. Discrepancies between the components and approval documentation were found, however, none of the discrepancies were considered to be factors in the accident. 4 It was concluded that: 1. The output of the power supply is not considered an ignition source of a methane-air atmosphere. 2. The inductive energy stored in the MSU-to-CIU , CIU-to-CIU , and CIU-to-sensor/solenoid valve cabling is not an ignition source of a methane-air atmosphere provided the unrecovered cables are similar to the cable measured at the Approval and Certification Center. 3. The inductive energy stored in twelve (12) solenoid valves is not an ignition source of a methane-air atmosphere provided the unrecovered solenoid valves are similar in construction to those tested. Twelve solenoid valves were chosen for the test since there were two shield operators on the longwall face at the time of the accident, and each shield has a total of six (6) solenoid valves. 4. Based on measurements and evaluation , other inductors used in the system such as relay coils within the MSU, MSU/CIU buzzer drive coils , or the dump valve are not considered an ignition source of a methane-air atmosphere since measurements confirmed that no faults existed that would connect the inductors in a manner capable of being an ignition hazard. 5. The only components identified in the recovered evidence capable of generating electrical energy were a battery within the MSU and piezo-electric crystals used to provide an audible warning for the CIUs and MSU. Based on the approval documentation, the battery does not have adequate energy when compared with published ignition curves to cause a spark ignition of a methane-air atmosphere . Based on measurements, inspection, and the original approval testing of the buzzers, the piezo-electric crystals are not considered an ignition source of a methane-air atmosphere provided the unrecovered CIUs are built according to the approval documentation. 6. The energy stored in the total system capacitance is not considered an ignition source of a methane-air atmosphere provided the unrecovered CIUs are built according to the approval documentation . 7. No signs of electrical heating, arcing , or sparking were observed within or caused by any of the CIUs or solenoid valves recovered from the "zone of concern" of the longwall face. The heat damage observed on the CIU buzzers and infrared receiver lenses was judged to be from an outside force. No faults that would affect the intrinsic safety of the components were found . 8. A thermal ignition caused by wire strands used to construct the individual conductors of the shield control system is not considered an ignition source of a methane-air atmosphere based on testing/evaluation of wire strands, and assuming the minimum measured resistance of the recovered CIU-to-CIU cable (Exhibit No. PE-0272). 5 9. Circuit board traces of the type used in the CIUs are not considered an ignition source of a methane-air atmosphere provided the unrecovered CIUs are built according to the approval documentation. The circuit board traces have adequate current carrying capacity to not be considered capable of smoldering a coal dust layer with up to 1.2 A of current available at the "zone of concern". 10. Although examples of permissibility discrepancies were identified that may render the components or system less safe than originally approved, none of the identified permissibility discrepancies are considered to be a contributing factor in the accident. 6 APPENDIX U-4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATION OF LONGWALL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS U .S. Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administration Approval and Cert1frcation Center 765 Technology Drive Triadelph ia, West Virginia 26059 November 23 , 201:1 MEMORAN DUM FOR NO RMAN G. PAGE Accident Investigation Team Leader ~Q_ q?,_;,.._ A- FROM: JOHN P FAINI Chief, Approval and Certification Center SU BJECT: Executive Summary of Investigation of Longwall Commu nication System Components Recovered from Performance Coal Company' s Upper Big Branch- South Mine The Approval and Certification Center (A&C C), as requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page , conducted a laboratory investigation of Longwall Communication System Components recovered from a fatal mine explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South on April 5, 2010. The com ponents received were : 1. Exhibit No. PE-0140, Battery. 2. Exhibit No. PE-0142 , Battery. 3. Exhibit No. PE-0148 , Battery. 4. Exhibit No. PE-0192, Battery. 5. Exhibit No. PE-0227, Comtrol Phone Printed Circuit Board. 6. Exhibit No. PE-0249*, Pelican Case. 7. Exh ibit No. PE-0249A*, Comtrol Power Supply. 8. Exhibit No. PE-02498*, Comtrol Start-Up Alarm Control Unit. 9. Exhibit No. PE-0276*, Pelican Case. 10. Exhibit No. PE-0276A*, Comtrol Phone. 11. Exhibit No. PE-02768*, Comtrol Phone. 12. Exhib it No. PE-0280 , Comtrol Phone Side Panel . 13. Exh ibit No. PE-0281 , Comtrol Phone Side Panel. 14. Exh ibit No. PE-0285 , Comtrol Phone Enclosure. 15. Exhibit No. PE-0336 , Comtrol Phone . 16. Exh ibit No. PE-0337 , Comtrol Phone . 17. Exh ibit No. PE-0338 , Comtrol Phone . 18. Exh ibit No . PE-0344, Communication Cable . 19. Exhibit No. PE-0479, Comtrol Phone Printed Circuit Board. 20. Exh ibit No. PE-0480, Comtrol Phone Speaker. 21. Exhibit No. PE-0481 -A, Comtrol Phone Terminal Strip . 22. Exhibit No. PE-0484*, Evidence Bag . 23 . Exhibit No. PE-0484-A*, Comtrol Phone Internal Mou nti ng Bracket. 24 . Exhibit No. PE-04 84-B*, Comtrol Phone Speaker. 25 . Exh ibit No. PE-0487 , Comtrol Phone . 26. Exhibit No. PE-0489*, Evidence Bag . 27. Exh ibit No. PE-0489-A*, Comtrol Phone Speaker. 28 . Exh ibit No. PE-0489-B*, Comtrol Phone Printed Circuit Board. 29 . Exhibit No. PE-0489-C *, Pyatt-Boone Page Phone Printed Circuit Board . *Note: Multiple pieces of evidence that arrived at the A&CC under one exhibit number (e .g. Exhibit No. PE-0249 consisted of a Comtrol Power Su pply and a Comtrol Start-u p Al arm Control Unit in a Pelican Case) was expanded into new unique exhibit numbers containing a suffix letter (e .g. Exhibit No. PE-0249A and Exh ibit No. PE-0249 B). The West Virginia Office of Miners' Health Safety and Training recovered several pieces of evidence from the longwall communication system . This evid en ce was inspected and tested as part of this investigation and is listed below. The West Virginia Office of Miners' Health Safety and Training retained custody of these exhibits: 1. Exhibit No. CMTL 02 .22 .11-S11 0: Identified as a Comtrol Line Termination Unit. 2. Exhibit No. CMTL 02 .22 .11-HG-1 : Identified as a Comtrol Line Termination Un it with a mounting bracket. 3. Exhibit No. CMTl 02 .22 .11-S24: Identified as a mounting bracket for a Comtrol Line Term ination Un it. 4. Exh ibit No. CMTL 02 .22 .11-S 105: Identified as a mounting bracket for a Comtrol Line Termination Un it. 5. Exhibit No. CMTL 02-22-11 -S171: Identified as the back, top , bottom and left side of a Comtrol phone enclosure . 6. Exhibit No. CMTL 02 .22 .11 -S 104: Identified as the back, top and bottom of a Comtrol phone enclosure . 2 7. Exhibit No. CMTL 02 .22 .11-S 106A: Identified as the left side of a Comtrol phone enclosure. 8. Exhib it No. CMTL 02 .22. 11 S85: Identified as the right sid e of a Comtrol phone enclosure. 9. Exh ibit No. CMTL 02.22.11-S61 : Identified as a right side of a Comtrol phone enclosure . 10. Exhibit No. CMTL 02-23-11 Spad 22567: Identified as a term inal strip mounting bracket with terminal strip label of a Comtrol ph one enclosure. 11. Exhibit No. CMTL 02. 22.11-S77: Identified as a front cover of a Comtrol phone enclosure . 12. Exhibit No . CMTL 02 .22 .11-S1 09: Identified as a back, top , bottom, and left and right sides of a Comtrol phone enclosure. 13. Exhi bit No. CMTL 02 .22 .11-S1 06: Identified as a front cover of a Comtrol phone enclosure. 14. Exh ibit No. CMTL 02.22.11-S114: Identified as a back, top, bottom and left side of a Comtrol phone enclosure. The first phase of the investigation began with a preliminary inspection of all the exhibits. The preliminary inspection included documenting observations and ph otog raphing as-received conditions of the exhibits. The second phase of the investigation included performi ng spark ignition and operation al tests of the applicable exhi bits. The third phase of the investigation included detailed inspection of all exhibits and add itional spark ignition tests . The inspections and tests found : • There were no signs of internal heating, arcing, or sparking on any of the exhibits. • Several minor discrepancies were noted when the exhibits were compared to approval documentation . These discrepancies did not affect operation , safety features , or the intrinsic safety of the exhibits. • Some of the exhibits collected by the West Virginia Office of Miners' Health Safety and Training were physically matched to and therefore were part of the exhibits collected by MSHA. • Th e spark ignition testing of the applicable exhibits did not result in any failures; therefore, these exhibits are not considered an ignition source for a methane-air atmosphere. 3 • The operational tests indicated that the applicable com ponents operated as designed except for Exhibit No. PE-02768. This compon ent had a relatively low audio level when tran smitting a page . 4 APPENDIX U-5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATION OF PORTABLE METHANE AND MULTI-GAS DETECTORS U .S. Department of labor Mine Safety and Health Adm inistratio n Approval and Certification Center 765 Technology Drive Triadelphia , West Virgini a 26059 November 17. 2011 MEMORANDUM FOR NORMAN G. PAGE Accident Investigation Team Leader FROM: SUBJECT: JOHN P. FAINI ~ Chief, Approval and Certification Center Executive Summary of Investigation of Portable Methane and Multi-Gas Detectors Recovered from Performance Coal Company's Upper Big Branch - South Mine The Approval and Certification Center (A&CC) , as requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page, conducted a laboratory investigation of portable methane and multi-gas detectors recovered from a fatal mine explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South on April 5, 2010 . The investigation began with a preliminary inspection of all the exhibits. The preliminary inspection included decontamination of items that were considered potentially biohazardous, documenting visual observations, and photographing asreceived conditions of the detectors. These inspections were followed by performance checks ('bump tests') and thermal ignition tests. Data was downloaded from the detectors that featured datalogging capabilities. This data was provided to all interested parties as it became available. Where feasible, performance tests were conducted on operational detectors to determine the accuracy of the instruments when tested in the methane-air mixtures specified in 30 CFR Part 22.7. For the datalogging detectors, the time and date displayed by the detectors was observed over a period of up to approximately seven months and compared to time clocks from external time verification sources. The rate of change was calculated from this data ; where possible, this rate of change was used to extrapolate the instruments' time on April 5, 2010. A detailed inspection of all exhibits except Exhibit Number B15B was deemed unnecessary by the Accident Investigation Team since they determined that these exhibits were not located near the origin of the explosion . Therefore, only Exhibit Number B15B was subjected to a detailed inspection. The results of the inspections, tests, and evaluations are summarized below. INSPECTIONS, TESTS, AND EVALUATIONS ON EXHIBITS Performance Checks ('Bump Tests') The performance of each functional instrument was checked at least once; some were checked contemporaneously with receipt but all were checked immediately prior to a complete methane performance test. These performance checks were performed with the respective manufacturer's calibration gas and equipment, and are commonly referred to as 'bump tests'. The following tables summarize the results of these checks, and, where available, give the last calibration date as stored in the detector's memory. Industrial Scientific Corporation M40•M Exhibit No. A-20 Serial No. 0701048573 Last Calibration Date 2010-03-03 Fresh Air Readings Methane 0.0 co 0 2 Oxygen 20.7 Bump Test Readings 2.5% Methane 2.4 100 ppm co 107 19% Oxygen 18.8 Date of Test Jul8,2010 CSE 102/1 02LD Detectors Exhibit No. Serial No. Fresh Air Reading 0.0 7 A7A . ; . 0.1 ,._ - ' 88486 .~ ·"' ' 2.4 Nov 3, 2010 ., I~ Jul8,2010 ><>< 0.1 1.6 0.1 1..1 Nov 4, 2010 Nov 8, 2010 Jul8 , 2010 (erratic) ,,. - 0.1 ,. 2.2: Nov 4, 2010 '\• ' 0.1 . li:W ' 1il Jli I 0.3 ll_ 7328 84403 Jul 8,2010 :.• (e rratic) PE-0290 0:4 ~- I B26~d Date of Test ' 5277 0.1 B18-c Reading in 2.5% Methane . .. ',. "· Nov 8, 2010 2.2 :i; 0. 0 ~ 2.2 0.1 2.2 Nov 8, 2010 N/A NO TESTING~ NIA 2 Nov 4,2010 ; Dl=.f'\?92 PE-0298 PE-0314 4898 7811 79905 I~ N/A .· ~J.I !(! I ¥ ";; N/A .' ··~:.,·~;.,· .. ,.· MSA Solaris Multi-Gas Detectors Exhibit No. PE-0074 4 PE-0086 PE-0118 PE-0323 5 Serial No. Last Calibration Date Bump Te st Reading s Fresh Air Readings Methane CO Oxygen 2.5% Methane 60 ppm co Date of Test 15 % Oxygen 0 A586223 3-18-2010 A5104696 3-15-2010 0.20 0.00 A558751 2-14-2010 A426051 3-17-2010 A5106631 4-1-2010 0.00 I' 9 N/A N/A 19.6 N/A N/A Var. 20.8 8-11 20.8 0 NIA t NIA 0.00 N/A I N/A 20.8 .. Nov 3, 2011 15 N/A 0.00 N/A 14. 2.35 N/A N/A Nov 3, 2011 2.00 48 14.7 Ju1,28,ZO~ 2.30 51 14.9 Nov 3, 2011 Nh'\ N(A IW/I NJA 2.25 N/A 14.7 Nov 3, 2011 18, 201() I. I I t The detectors that passed the 'Bump Test' were considered to be accurate and not subjected to the performance test. Those detectors that gave readings outside the acceptable limirts of the pass/fail cdteria of the 'Bump Test' were subjected to performance testing (summarized below) both before and after calibration . The cri,teria for determining if a detector was outside the acceptable lrimits of the pass/fail criteria of the 'Bump Test' was based on the criteria developed for machine-mounted methane mon:itors , that describes that, when tested with 2.5% methane-in-air gas mixture, the allowable error is 2.5 ± 0.5. The following detectors gave readings outside the acceptable limits of the pass/fa ill criteria of the 'Bump Test' when tested at the A&CC, as applied to methane performance: Exhibit Numbers A~20, A7a, B26-d, PE-0290 , PE-0314, PE-0074, PE-0086 , and PE-0323. 3 Oxygen cell in Exhibit Number B 15B was greater than two years old when tested ; it was most likely past th e end of its useful life. 4 Oxygen cell in Exhi bit Number PE-0074 was apparently bad when the unit was rece ived at A&CC; by the time testing was conducted in November, the CO cell had apparent ly reached the end of its useful life. 5 No accuracy tests were performed on Exhibit Number PE-0 118. Initially, the display was bad, and , before tests could be conducted, the unit stopped working properly. 4 No determination can be made of calibration accuracy and status of any detector at the time of the explosion. Data Download The data stored in all MSA Solaris and Industrial Scientific Corporabon M40•M MultiGas Detectors was downloaded and provided to the Accident Investigation Team for further analysis . Additionally, the data downloaded from the MSA Solaris Multi-Gas Detectors was used to produce a document describing the contents of the data contained therein because such document was not available from the manufacturer. The downloaded data was also used in the time drift study discussed below. Performance Testing The operational detectors were subjected to testing in the methane-air mixtures specified in MSHA's test protocol for approval of portable methane detectors. The tables below summarize the results of the tests. The table entries in bold italic font were outside the allowable limits of error found in 30 CFR Part 22.7 for approval testing of a new, calibrated, methane detector. 5 CSE- C orpora t'1on Me th ane De tectors 1 Exhibit No. A7A 618-c6 626-d PE-0290 Model 102LD 102 102LD 102 Serial No. Test Gas Mfxture (% 102LD in Air) 0.00 0.25 0.50 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 Source of Reading 0.2 OA 0.6 0.9 1.8 2;7 3.4 4.3 Detector 0.00 0.24 0.51 1.02 2.03 3.03 4.02 5.01 IR Analyzer 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.9 .1.4 1.9 2.5 .,. 5277 . Detector " 88486 0.00 0.24 0.51 1.02 OA p.1 0.3 0.7 2.03 3.03 4.02 5.01 2.6 3.3 4.2 7328 IR Analyzer . -··· 0.00 0.24 0.51 1.02 2.03 3.03 4.02 5.01 mo 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.7 ~.5 3.2 . 4.1 4.02 5.01 84403 IR Analyzer Detector 0.24 1.02 0.51 4898 2.03 3.03 NOTESTING 7 NO TESTING 8 IR Analyzer TI' PE-0298 PE-0314 102LD 102 Detec;;tor_ .:. r- " 0.00 PE-0292 C~ 10 I I 0.1 ·0:3 0.00 0.24 79905 ITB 1 ~· . 1'.0 1.8 2.7 3.4 3.9 " Detect0r' 1.02 2.03 3.03 4.02 5.01 IR Analyzer 6 Exhibit Number Bl8-c could not be calibrated because the maximum reading with 2.5% cal. gas was 1.9. 7 Exhibit Number PE- 0292 was damaged and no performance testing was possible . 8 Exhibit Number PE-0298 was damaged and no performance testing was possible. 6 ·'' MSA Solaris Multi-Gas Detectors Test Gas Mixture (% CH4 in Air) Exhibit No. 0.00 8158 9 1.00 0.50 A5-104696 ;· 0.10~0 to.oo PE-0086 0.27 ~ 0 Q-25 t 0.50 A5-58751 0.00 10 PE-0323 0.27 0.50 [h 3.00 4.00 5.00 1.00 1.95 2.90;' 4.05 ··· 5.00 1.00 2.03 3.03 4.03 5.03 m~~z.~ 3.90 5,00<11[ 4.03 5.03 ' 1.00 2.03 3.03 Dzt~ctor IR Analyzer Detector IR An alyzer NO PE RFORMANCE TE STING A4-26051 A5-106631 2.00 NO PERFORMANCE TESTING 0.00 PE-0118 0.25 A5-8622 3 PE-0074 Source of Reading Seria l No. ~J~o; U .Lf ~40 0.52 . '''"' . 0.15 1.70 2.60 2. 04 3.02 1.00 I'" . "" •" 3.40 4.35 4.05 L 5.00 Detector IR Analyzer The Solaris readings noted as "5.00 " above were accompanied by an alternating message 'OVER' on the display, indicating an over range condition. All visual, audible and vibrating alarms were given as defined in each detector's setup. Industrial Scientific Corporation M40•M Multi-Gas Detector Exhibit No. A-20 Test Gas Mixture (% CH4 in Air) Serial No. Source of Reading 0.00 0.25 0.50 1.00 2 .00 3.00 4.00 5.00 0.0 0.0 0.:4 0.9 1.8 2.8 ," 3.7 4.5 o"etector 3 .04 4.00 4.99 IR Analyzer •... 070148-573 0.00 0.28 0.54 1.04 2.04 ,. The M40·M gave all audible, visual, and vibrating alarms as expected . 9 When attempting to calibrate Exhibit Number 8 158, the detec tor gave a ·span failed ' message. No performance testing was cond ucted. 10 N o accuracy tests were performed on Exhibit N umber PE-011 8. Initially, the displ ay w as bad . After replacement of the di splay, the opera tiou of the de tector was en·atic. The detector stopped working properly before tests co uld be conduc ted . 7 ,::, Time Drift Study The Industrial Scientific Corporation and MSA instruments featured internal clocks. The length of a time period measured by these internal clocks can deviate from the length of the same time period measured by more precise means; one second measured by a gas detector can differ from one second as measured by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In laboratory environmental conditions , it was noted that clocks in each detector did , indeed , differ from that obtained from external time verification sources. Given the tolerances of each time measurement, calculations were made to determine the minimum and maximum rates of drift of the detector's internal clock as compared to the time from external sources. The downloaded data from the detectors was scrutinized to locate an entry on April 5, 2010 that might signify a significant event (over-range of a specific gas or gases). The minimum and maximum drift rates were then used to correlate the time for that entry to the expected time from external sources. It was determined that the clock in the Industrial Scientific Corporation Model M40•M, Exhibit Number A-20, reset automatically when the battery was depleted. No correlation was possible, although the drift rate was calculated. It was determined that the MSA Solaris Multi-Gas Detector, Exhibit Number PE-0086 was ·not energized on April 5, 2010 . When the MSA Solaris Multi-Gas Detector, Exhibit Number PE-0074 was initially reviewed in July 2010, the difference between its internal clock and the external time verification source was approximately 25 hours and 40 minutes. The drift rate was calculated as 6.294 seconds per day; this was insufficient to describe the wide variation noted. Also, the ambient temperature required to cause the drift to describe the difference would necessarily have deviated from normal ambient temperature by unreasonable amount (>496 °C higher or lower than normal room temperature). MSA, the manufacturer of the detector and Maxim, the manufacturer of the integrated circuit were consulted; the only reason that was postulated by either party was "human assistance." However, review of the downloaded data does not support that conclusion. The reason for the clock in Exhibit Number PE-0074 to have deviated from external time by such a wide margin could not be determined in this investigation. The M.S A Solaris Multi-Gas Detector, Exhibit Number B15B recorded an over-range event for combustible gas, oxygen, and carbon monoxide on April 5, 2010. Similarly, on the same date, the MSA Solaris, Exhibit Number PE-0118 recorded an over-range event for oxygen and carbon monoxide, followed by an over-range event for combustible gas at the next recording interval15 seconds later; it should be noted that these events could have been within as little as 1 second, or as much as 29 seconds. If 8 the drift was constant from April 5, 2010 until MSHA began taking time measurements, the actual expected time and date for the over-range events is as shown on the graph below. Range of Extrapolated Event Times MSA Solaris Exhi,bit Numbers B15B an d f'E-0118 15:03: 10 3:02:59PM 15:02:53 0 ~ 0 (\1 15:02:36 1/) ·.:::: 15:02:18 a. <( 1 STRIKEnet® Date Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Time 10:55:38 PM 10:55:38 PM 09:54:34 AM 11:06:51 PM 10:48:52 PM 11:29:48 PM 07:11:24PM 10:29:49 PM 10:38:37 PM 10:45:21 PM 11:29:48 PM 11:29:48 PM 11:02:21 PM Peak Current (kA) -10.0 -12.3 -15.9 -14.1 -5.6 -19.7 -4.1 -14.0 -24.8 -7.9 -15.7 -40.3 -11.5 ,r r ~~~~ / D1stance From Center (mi/km) 5.2/8.4 5.2/8.4 5.3/8.5 5.4/8.6 5.4/8.7 5.4/8.8 5.4/8.8 5.4/8.8 5.5/8.8 5.5/8.8 5.5/8.9 5.5/8.9 5.5/8.9 ~ k. _.,s,z ~. Latitude 37.9857 38.0121 38.0058 37.8661 37.9466 38.0216 37.9171 37.9828 38.0051 37.9486 38.0225 38.0226 37.8968 Longitude -81.5251 -81.5653 -81.5485 -81.6188 -81.7034 -81.5969 -81.6984 -81.6904 -81.6662 -81.5039 -81.5972 -81.6094 -81.6864 {+i VAISALA Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorrn.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright...,© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. PageS ~ c ,(.',,' \ > STRI KEnet® ' ,> k STRIKEnet Report 258028 Report Title: SF Performance Coal Co Total Lightning Strokes Detected: 293 Lightning Strokes Detected within 10 mi/16 km radius: 195 Lightning Strokes Detected beyond 10 mi/16 km whose confidence ellipse overlaps the radius: 98 Search Radius: 10 mi/16 km Time Span: Apr 5, 2010 06:00:00 AM US/Eastern to Apr 6, 2010 06:00:00 AM US/Eastern Lightning Stroke Table (Note: All events shown. Events ordered by time.) Date Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 T1me 09:36:04 AM 09:36:05 AM 09:36:05AM 09:40:34AM 09:43:40 AM 09:45:11 AM 09:45:11 AM 09:48:36AM 09:50:13AM 09:50:13AM 09:50:13 AM 09:51:57 AM 09:51:57 AM 09:51:57 AM 09:52:55AM 09:54:34AM 09:54:34 AM 09:54:35AM 09:57:41 AM 09:57:41 AM 10:02:18 AM 10:02:18 AM 10:05:34AM 10:05:34AM 10:09:42AM 10:09:42 AM 10:09:42 AM 10:09:42AM 07:07:02 PM 07:07:14 PM 07:07:50 PM 07:07:50 PM 07:07:54 PM 07:08:16 PM 07:08:16 PM 07:08:44 PM 07:08:44 PM Peak D1stance From Current (kA) -5.3 -7.4 -36.9 -32.6 -18.3 18.6 -53.8 -25.8 -16.3 -9.2 -2.2 -16.9 31.2 -9.7 -13.2 -15.9 -14.9 -25.4 -75.3 -19.3 -101.8 -12.7 -7.7 -2.3 -91.0 -19.3 -5.8 -24.2 -27.5 -14.7 -9.5 -5.3 -12.6 -11.0 -16.0 -34.8 -26.4 Center (m1/km) 11.9/19.1 11.1/17.9 8.8/14.2 7.4/11.9 6.4/10.3 6.0/9.8 7.5/12.1 4.4/7.1 3.5/5.7 6.3/10.2 5.8/9.4 3.7/6.0 6.8/10.9 4.3/6.9 1.4/2.3 5.3/8.5 4.8/7.8 6.8/11.0 5.8/9.3 5.7/9.2 9.3/15.0 8.9/14.4 11.7/18.8 9.5/15.4 9.8/15.8 10.4/16.8 11.4/18.4 10.3/16.7 8.4/13.5 10.0/16.2 10.9/17.6 8.6/13.9 8.1/13.1 10.4/16.8 10.5/16.9 9.3/14.9 9.3/14.9 Latitude 38.0000 37.9954 37.9710 37.9933 38.0079 38.0015 38.0177 38.0010 37.9933 38.0071 38.0109 37.9899 38.0133 37.9977 37.9631 38.0058 37.9966 38.0420 37.9747 37.9779 37.9759 37.9807 37.9658 37.9954 37.9709 37.9724 37.9582 37.9709 38.0274 38.0512 38.0413 38.0198 38.0236 38.0504 38.0526 38.0411 38.0385 •• Longitude -81.8098 -81.7969 -81.7618 -81.7243 -81.6885 -81.6868 -81.7049 -81.6376 -81.5926 -81.6873 -81.6678 -81.5700 -81.5173 -81.5670 -81.6107 -81.5485 -81.5469 -81.6145 -81.5057 -81.5083 -81.4381 -81.4471 -81.3911 -81.4419 -81.4270 -81.4162 -81.3949 -81.4172 -81.7143 -81.7277 -81.7618 -81.7293 -81.7132 -81.7389 -81.7379 -81.7205 -81.7239 ; VAISALA Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations ';,{j; 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright.,© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in_ part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 9 " ;:, STRIKEnet® ' ' "' \., , , 1, ~ s1f'! ·~ 1 Date Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 T1me 07:08:44 PM 07:08:44 PM 07:08:44 PM 07:09:07 PM 07:09:49 PM 07:09:49 PM 07:10:11 PM 07:10:31 PM 07:10:31 PM 07:10:31 PM 07:10:31 PM 07:10:31 PM 07:10:32 PM 07:11:07 PM 07:11:07 PM 07:11:07 PM 07:11:07 PM 07:11:23 PM 07:11:24 PM 07:11:24 PM 07:11:24 PM 07:11:24 PM 07:11:24 PM 07:11:24 PM 07:11:24 PM 07:11:54 PM 07:11:54 PM 07:12:09 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:13:22 PM 07:13:22 PM 07:13:22 PM 07:14:08 PM 07:14:09 PM 07:14:42 PM 07:14:42 PM 07:14:42 PM 07:14:42 PM 07:14:42 PM 07:14:42 PM 07:14:42 PM 07:14:42 PM Peak D1stance From Current (kA) ·37.6 ·8.9 ·32.4 ·2.0 ·8.5 ·8.8 ·7.9 -20.0 -15.2 -34.3 -3.5 -2.3 -11.6 -16.8 -5.4 -9.0 -5.6 -16.0 -27.0 -20.6 -10.6 -9.3 -7.9 -4.1 -5.0 -50.0 -3.3 -15.7 -65.1 -21.6 -2.8 -25.6 -22.1 -8.0 -42.6 -8.8 -11.1 -14.7 -14.0 -20.5 -21.2 -14.1 -84.0 -11.0 -19.0 -31.4 -19.4 -5.3 -15.5 -13.8 Center (m1/km) 9.4/15.2 9.5/15.2 9.4/15.1 15.5/25.0 8.4/13.5 9.1/14.6 9.0/14.5 10.4/16.8 10.3/16.6 10.6/17.0 10.6/17.0 8.8/14.2 10.5/17.0 8.9/14.3 7.8/12.6 8.6/13.9 8.5/13.8 8.8/14.1 6.3/10.2 6.2/10.0 6.1/9.9 6.0/9.7 6.2/9.9 5.4/8.8 6.0/9.7 8.8/14.2 9.4/15.2 9.2/14.8 8.3/13.4 9.0/14.6 8.7/14.1 8.7/14.0 8.4/13.6 7.8/12.5 8.5/13.6 7.7/12.5 8.6/13.9 9.7/15.6 9.7/15.6 9.9/16.0 9.6/15.6 7.5/12.1 9.4/15.2 9.5/15.3 9.4/15.2 9.5/15.3 9.6/15.5 7.0/11.4 8.9/14.3 9.0/14.4 Lat1tude 38.0445 38.0425 38.0444 38.0994 38.0323 38.0396 37.9995 38.0570 38.0551 38.0573 38.0562 38.0344 38.0580 38.0492 38.0460 38.0462 38.0321 38.0387 37.9294 37.9346 37.9329 37.9326 37.9322 37.9171 37.9250 38.0477 38.0479 38.0525 38.0397 38.0544 38.0445 38.0480 38.0451 38.0388 38.0454 38.0388 38.0503 38.0568 38.0561 38.0543 38.0524 38.0465 38.0597 38.0612 38.0576 38.0620 38.0620 38.0366 38.0552 38.0565 Long1tude ·81.7207 ·81.7237 ·81.7192 ·81.8094 ·81.7089 ·81.7174 ·81.7533 -81.7301 -81.7299 -81.7333 -81.7348 -81.7177 -81.7318 -81.6960 -81.6626 -81.6928 -81.7129 -81.7098 -81.7185 -81.7177 -81.7159 -81.7143 -81.7165 -81.6984 -81.7118 -81.6961 -81.7143 -81.7006 -81.6953 -81.6920 -81.7005 -81.6915 -81.6898 -81.6790 -81.6899 -81.6785 -81.6852 -81.7088 -81.7104 -81.7192 -81.7146 -81.6466 -81.6936 -81.6932 -81.6990 -81.6908 -81.6964 -81.6561 -81.6841 -81.6842 ••ta VAISALA Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations .. I' 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright"'>© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 10 Date Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Trme 07:14:43 PM 07:14:43 PM 07:17:35 PM 07:17:35 PM 07:19:06 PM 07:24:10 PM 07:24:10 PM 07:24:10 PM 07:24:10 PM 07:24:10 PM 07:24:10 PM 07:25:15 PM 07:29:47 PM 07:29:48 PM 07:30:36 PM 07:31:23 PM 07:31:23 PM 07:32:21 PM 07:32:22 PM 07:34:43 PM 07:46:13 PM 07:46:13 PM 07:49:11 PM 08:08:28 PM 08:14:12 PM 08:31:30 PM 08:31:30 PM 08:33:58 PM 08:39:19 PM 08:53:47 PM 09:05:46 PM 09:57:07 PM 10:00:09 PM 10:07:19 PM 10:13:19 PM 10:17:39 PM 10:23:11 PM 10:23:41 PM 10:24:18 PM 10:24:44 PM 10:25:48 PM 10:25:57 PM 10:26:35 PM 10:27:04 PM 10:27:49 PM 10:29:49 PM 10:29:49 PM 10:31:08 PM 10:31:20 PM 10:31:47 PM Peak Current (kA) -8.4 -8.5 -41.4 -33.6 30.0 -55.9 -23.2 -13.2 -16.1 -29.8 -25.1 -7.8 -3.0 -2.0 -10.5 -11.6 -2.0 -5.4 -7.7 -2.2 -3.4 -4.8 -10.3 -7.4 -2.0 15.5 -51.1 -6.5 -3.2 -9.5 -8.6 -8.3 -8.1 -2.1 -2.2 -8.1 -8.4 -7.2 -30.1 16.0 -8.5 -2.3 32.3 -8.9 -2.8 -12.7 -14.0 -3.7 -2.1 -41.1 D1stance From Center (mr/km) 8.2/13.2 9.6/15.5 10.1/16.3 10.2/16.5 8.8/14.3 10.2/16.4 10.5/17.0 10.4/16.8 10.3/16.6 10.5/16.9 10.5/16.9 24.6/39.6 14.7/23.7 13.4/21.6 8.6/13.8 15.2/24.6 11.0/17.8 10.4/16.8 11.7/18.9 8.9/14.4 11.0/17.8 11.3/18.3 7.8/12.6 10.0/16.1 3.1/5.0 10.2/16.4 10.0/16.2 9.3/15.0 10.2/16.5 23.0/37.2 13.3/21.5 26.4/42.6 21.6/34.8 16.3/26.4 14.1/22.8 20.9/33.7 16.5/26.6 17.4/28.0 12.8/20.6 2.2/3.6 14.9/24.0 14.5/23.4 12.9/20.8 13.3/21.4 13.6/21.9 9.8/15.8 5.4/8.8 6.2/10.1 6.9/11.2 9.8/15.7 Latrtude 38.0490 38.0625 38.0736 38.0854 38.0303 38.0109 38.0269 38.0278 38.0245 38.0253 38.0231 38.1531 38.0753 37.9503 38.0642 38.1011 38.0595 38.0614 38.0589 38.0542 38.0997 38.1031 38.0561 38.0845 37.9878 37.8947 37.8977 37.9243 37.9506 38.1389 38.1360 38.2417 38.2179 38.0754 38.1356 38.2459 38.1787 38.1938 38.1280 37.9507 38.1404 38.0553 38.1197 38.0992 38.1042 38.0108 37.9828 37.9916 38.0027 38.0784 Longrtude -81.6711 -81.6951 -81.6890 -81.6578 -81.7233 -81.7701 -81.7656 -81.7628 -81.7620 -81.7663 -81.7676 -81.9692 -81.8157 -81.8497 -81.6383 -81.8003 -81.7432 -81.7225 -81.7616 -81.6879 -81.6437 -81.6511 -81.6062 -81.6406 -81.6125 -81.4271 -81.4287 -81.4349 -81.4163 -81.2600 -81.6066 -81.9087 -81.7932 -81.8536 -81.6939 -81.5829 -81.6579 -81.6337 -81.6063 -81.6441 -81.4917 -81.8297 -81.6838 -81.7473 -81.7469 -81.7624 -81.6904 -81.7009 -81.7070 -81.6560 ··~ VAISALA Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA ~Jr" thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright •© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 11 -~ ) r STRI KEnet® Date Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 , , ,:, Time 10:33:28 PM 10:33:56 PM 10:33:56 PM 10:33:56 PM 10:36:31 PM 10:37:14 PM 10:37:14 PM 10:37:44 PM 10:38:37 PM 10:38:38 PM 10:40:19 PM 10:41:51 PM 10:42:39 PM 10:42:39 PM 10:43·.02 PM 10:43:14 PM 10:43:14 PM 10:43:14 PM 10:43:14 PM 10:43:14 PM 10:43:14 PM 10:43:29 PM 10:44:17 PM 10:44:29 PM 10:44:29 PM 10:45:12 PM 10:45:12 PM 10:45:12 PM 10:45:18 PM 10:45:21 PM 10:47:30 PM 10:47:41 PM 10:47:41 PM 10:48:03 PM 10:48:03 PM 10:48:5:2 PM 10:49:15 PM 10:51:39 PM 10:51:39 PM 10:52:00 PM 10:52:46 PM 10:53:58 PM 10:54:49 PM 10:55:01 PM 10:55:01 PM 10:55:01 PM 10:55:38 PM 10:55:38 PM 10:55:39 PM 10:55:39 PM > v ~'~'"~~~ , " ~, Peak Distance From Current (kA) -4,5 -26.2 -48.0 -7.2 -8.6 -3.0 -16.7 -9.0 -24.8 -7.1 -11.1 -7.8 -28.9 -15.1 -12.9 -30.2 -19.4 -13.8 -8.4 -19.4 -8.7 -11.7 -7.7 -28.6 -16.2 -9.0 -6.7 -4.8 17.0 -7.9 -9.6 -6.0 -6.1 -10.7 -8.2 -5.6 -8.8 -16.4 -9.5 -12.9 -8.9 -3.3 -32.7 -12.0 -18.4 -3.4 -10.0 -12.3 -12.8 -6.2 Center (mi/km) 9.7/15.6 4.9/7.8 4.9/8.0 5.6/9.1 19.1/30.7 12.4/20.0 9.3/15.0 8.7/14.1 5.5/8.8 9.0/14.5 10.5/17.0 10.5/16.9 10.3/16.5 10.2/16.4 9.5/15.3 9.6/15.6 8.6/13.9 8.7/14.0 8.2/13.3 4.2/6.8 4.9/7.9 10.7/17.2 23.7/38.2 9.0/14.5 7.5/12.0 6.7/10.8 7.4/11.9 10.9/17.6 10.3/16.6 5.5/8.8 2.8/4.5 4.3/7.0 6.6/10.7 6.8/11.0 9.0/14.5 5.4/8.7 9.5/15.3 1.7/2.7 1.8/2.9 3.1/5.0 4.4/7.1 3.5/5.6 8.2/13.2 5.9/9.6 5.0/8.0 5.8/9.4 5.2/8.4 5.2/8.4 5.1/8.2 4.4/7.1 Latitude 38.0744 38.0115 38.0081 38.0195 38.2134 38.1066 38.0778 38.0691 38.0051 38.0728 37.9385 37.9315 38.0891 38.0888 38.0727 37.9606 37.9577 37.9457 37.9621 37.9901 37.9961 38.0908 38.2296 37.9664 37.9513 37.9929 38.0088 38.0421 38.0759 37.9486 37.9774 37.9372 37.9549 37.9686 37.9408 37.9466 38.0772 37.9610 37.9615 37.9801 38.0046 37.9860 38.0570 37.9936 37.9745 38.0277 37.9857 38.0121 38.0152 37.9960 Longitude -81.5411 -81.5835 -81.5661 -81.5667 -81.5310 -81.7003 -81.6157 -81.6192 -81.6662 -81.5918 -81.7977 -81.7962 -81.5689 -81.5743 -131.5463 -81.7799 -81.7612 -81.7636 -81.7534 -81.6530 -81.6635 -81.5468 -81.3635 -81.7666 -81.7409 -81.7091 -81.7106 -81.7603 -81.5163 -81.5039 -81.5763 -81.6835 -81.7252 -81.4826 -81.4389 -81.7034 -81.5673 -81.6244 -81.6271 -81.5720 -81.5839 -81.5712 -81.5623 -81.5154 -81.5217 -81.6097 -81.5251 -81.5653 -81.5858 -81.5580 lt\ VAISALA Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road .j; Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright •© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 12 ! / "' \ STRIKEnet® ""( , ,, & '"';:; ~" / / Date Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 T1me 10:55:45 PM 10:56:21 PM 10:56:21 PM 10:56:21 PM 10:56:21 PM 10:56:21 PM 10:56:21 PM 10:56:21 PM 10:56:32 PM 10:56:32 PM 10:57:16 PM 10:57:40 PM 10:57:40 PM 10:57:56 PM 10:57:56 PM 10:57:56 PM 10:57:56 PM 10:57:56 PM 10:57:56 PM 10:57:57 PM 10:57:57 PM 10:57:57 PM 10:58:35 PM 10:59:07 PM 10:59:07 PM 10:59:07 PM 10:59:07 PM 10:59:07 PM 10:59:07 PM 10:59:32 PM 10:59:49 PM 10:59:49 PM 10:59:49 PM 10:59:49 PM 10:59:49 PM 10:59:49 PM 10:59:52 PM 10:59:52 PM 10:59:52 PM 10:59:52 PM 10:59:52 PM 10:59:52 PM 11:01:05 PM 11:01:41 PM 11:01:41 PM 11:01:41 PM 11:01:41 PM 11:01:41 PM 11:01:41 PM 11:01:41 PM Peak D1stance From Current (kA) -11.0 -14.4 -15.4 -7.9 -17.2 -11.8 -22.8 -8.4 -26.7 -7.9 -7.8 -3.0 -13.4 -12.0 -14.5 -16.3 -14.6 -5.5 -14.9 -9.0 -14.7 -8.7 -11.7 -46.9 -9.6 -16.1 -13.4 -14.0 -38.9 -9.7 -18.3 -12.3 -19.3 -14.3 -9.2 -3.3 -7.6 -6.0 -17.1 -31.7 -8.9 -17.2 -8.6 -23.5 -15.4 -27.9 27.9 -11.5 -36.4 42.4 Center (m1/km) 20.3/32.7 5.8/9.3 5.6/9.0 5.7/9.3 6.0/9.7 5.1/8.3 5.1/8.2 4.9/7.8 10.3/16.6 10.1/16.4 9.5/15.3 9.9/16.0 10.5/16.9 10.3/16.7 10.5/16.9 10.6/17.0 10.5/17.0 10.1/16.3 10.4/16.8 10.5/16.9 10.4/16.8 10.3/16.6 13.4/21.7 9.3/15.0 4.717.6 8.9/14.4 4.8/7.7 10.3/16.7 4.6/7.5 6.0/9.7 4.817.8 4.617.4 4.5/7.2 4.9/7.9 4.817.7 6.5/10.5 8.2/13.2 8.1/13.0 7.1/11.5 6.8/11.0 7.5/12.1 8.2/13.2 6.2/10.1 6.4/10.3 6.6/10.6 6.4/10.4 3.7/5.9 6.6/10.6 6.4/10.3 5.0/8.1 Latitude 38.0959 37.9927 38.0061 37.9844 37.9888 38.0116 38.0121 38.0073 37.8780 37.8751 37.8799 37.8674 37.8911 37.8884 37.8821 37.8813 37.8819 37.8527 37.8828 37.8844 37.8811 37.8750 38.0604 37.8419 37.9445 37.8465 37.9428 37.8303 37.9425 37.9593 37.9415 37.9380 37.9434 37.9431 37.9443 37.9206 37.8651 37.8565 37.8958 37.9083 37.9006 37.8820 37.9433 37.9374 37.9349 37.9370 37.9922 37.9373 37.9342 37.9560 Long1tude -81.2853 -81.5181 -81.5393 -81.5124 -81.5096 -81.5675 -81.5699 -81.5677 -81.7737 -81.7694 -81.7588 -81.7588 -81.7846 -81.7808 -81.7809 -81.7815 -81.7814 -81.7503 -81.7795 -81.7819 -81.7793 -81.7720 -81.4065 -81.7176 -81.5168 -81.7137 -81.5158 -81.7296 -81.5189 -81.4952 -81.5148 -81.5194 -81.5220 -81.5139 -81.5159 -81.4877 -81.7181 -81.7037 -81.7210 -81.7214 -81.7311 -81.7335 -81.4893 -81.4867 -81.4835 -81.4857 -81.5778 -81.4831 -81.4866 -81.5130 ··~ ""~ VAISALA Valsala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel, +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright •© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reseiVed. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unl~ss expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 13 ~~' 1;;1 STRIKEner Date Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 , ' Trme 11:02:01 PM 11:02:01 PM 11:02:21 PM 11:02:47 PM 11:03:20 PM 11:03:26 PM 11:04:44 PM 11:04:51 PM 11:05:06 PM 11:06:51 PM 11:06:51 PM 11:06:51 PM 11:06:51 PM 11:06:51 PM 11:07:56 PM 11:08:38 PM 11:09:56 PM 11:09:56 PM 11:09:56 PM 11:09:56 PM 11:09:57 PM 11:09:57 PM 11:09:57 PM 11:10:15PM 11:11:38 PM 11:11:38 PM 11:11:38 PM 11:11:38 PM 11:12:23 PM 11:15:07 PM 11:19:36 PM 11:20:36 PM 11:23:02 PM 11:23:23 PM 11:25:49 PM 11:26:42 PM 11:26:42 PM 11:28:18 PM 11:28:19 PM 11:28:21 PM 11:29:45 PM 11:29:48 PM 11:29:48 PM 11:29:48 PM 11:30:37 PM 11:30:37 PM 11:32:09 PM 11:32:49 PM 11:37:27 PM 11:37:27 PM Peak Current (kA) -13.0 -2.8 -11.5 -8.2 -11.3 -11.2 -17.1 -4.6 -6.2 -7.3 -10.0 -14.1 -13.3 -7.9 -11.2 -20.0 -30.7 -32.3 -26.0 -33.8 -17.1 -37.9 -8.7 -7.4 -12.2 -13.1 -12.2 -2.9 -2.2 -3.5 -15.1 -31.9 -4.4 -5.2 -2.8 -34.1 -18.2 -3.3 -3.8 -8.5 -3.4 -40.3 -19.7 -15.7 -12.9 -20.0 -2.3 -3.0 -18.6 28.5 Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com ~Jt / ~ , Dtstance From Center (mr/km) 6.8/11.0 4.5/7.3 5.5/8.9 9.2/14.9 5.6/9.0 9.8/15.9 10.2/16.5 6.7/10.8 8.4/13.5 6.4/10.3 5.6/9.0 5.4/8.6 6.3/10.2 8.7/14.1 3.2/5.2 10.0/16.1 9.8/15.8 9.2/14.9 9.9/15.9 10.5/17.0 10.1/16.3 10.2/16.4 8.8/14.1 17.9/28.9 7.5/12.1 7.7/12.5 7.4/11.9 9.6/15.5 7.9/12.8 12.2/19.7 9.1/14.7 9.9/16.0 12.3/19.9 13.2/21.3 16.2/26.0 6.1/9.9 6.1/9.8 12.6/20.3 14.8/23.9 6.3/10.2 14.7/23.8 5.5/8.9 5.4/8.8 5.5/8.9 5.6/9.0 5.7/9.2 15.7/25.3 15.2/24.5 6.8/10.9 6.7/10.8 Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com "0 ' Latrtude 37.9411 37.9709 37.8968 37.9828 37.8701 37.9726 37.8050 37.9377 37.8510 37.8647 37.8747 37.8661 37.8527 37.8214 37.9821 37.7983 37.8012 37.8130 37.8004 37.7913 37.7973 37.7963 37.8179 38.0697 37.8350 37.8319 37.8358 37.8208 37.8689 37.7713 38.0209 37.7993 37.9215 37.9143 37.7224 38.0261 38.0290 37.7681 37.7436 38.0331 37.7523 38.0226 38.0216 38.0225 38.0216 38.0214 37.7831 37.7262 37.9716 37.8536 Longrtude -81.4786 -81.5289 -81.6864 -81.4416 -81.6479 -81.4269 -81.6727 -81.4804 -81.7039 -81.6674 -81.6596 -81.6188 -81.6218 -81.6483 -81.5725 -81.5979 -81.5869 -81.5624 -81.5847 -81.5839 -81.5830 -81.5846 -81.6319 -81.8915 -81.5920 -81.5849 -81.6081 -81.5201 -81.7149 -81.5485 -81.7390 -81.6150 -81.3788 -81.3638 -81.5043 -81.6441 -81.6286 -81.5371 -81.5016 -81.6236 -81.4823 -81.6094 -81.5969 -81.5972 -81.6265 -81.5693 -81.3993 -81.5556 -81.4852 -81.5566 .... VAISALA ~~ Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright-.© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 14 . . ~ h% I STRIKE net® Date Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 ' , Time 11:38:30 PM 11:41:31 PM 11:42:32 PM 11:43:41 PM 11:44:35 PM 11:45:04 PM Peak Distance From Current (kA) -3.7 -3.6 -14.1 -2.9 -2.6 -3.1 Center (mi/km) 16.7/27.0 16.2/26.1 9.7/15.7 19.7/31.7 20.8/33.6 14.4/23.3 ~ Latitude 37.7744 37.7757 37.9553 37.7072 37.7614 37.8062 Longitude -81.3832 -81.3962 -81.4259 -81.4006 -81.2982 -81.4034 \+i VAISALA Valsala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@valsala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright "'T@ Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 15 ~'(; ,\ STRIKEnet'~ ,, « 1vX i ' / , \ ~ STRIKEnet Report 258028 Report Title: SF Performance Coal Co Total Lightning Strokes Detected: 293 Lightning Strokes Detected within 10 mi/16 km radius: 195 Lightning Strokes Detected beyond 10 mi/16 km whose confidence ellipse overlaps the radius: 98 Search Radius: 10 mi/16 km Time Span: Apr 5, 2010 06:00:00 AM US/Eastern to Apr 6, 2010 06:00:00 AM US/Eastern Lightning Stroke Table (Note: All events shown. Events ordered by distance.) Date Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5. 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 T1me 09:52:55AM 10:51:39 PM 10:51:39 PM 10:24:44 PM 10:47:30 PM 10:52:00 PM 08:14:12 PM 11:07:56 PM 10:53:58 PM 09:50:13AM 11:01:41 PM 09:51:57 AM 10:43:14 PM 09:51:57 AM 10:47:41 PM 10:52:46 PM 09:48:36 AM 10:55:39 PM 10:59:49 PM 11:02:01 PM 10:59:49 PM 10:59:07 PM 10:59:07 PM 10:59:49 PM 10:59:07 PM 09:54:34 AM 10:59:49 PM 10:56:21 PM 10:33:56 PM 10:43:14 PM 10:59:49 PM 10:33:56 PM 10:55:01 PM 11:01:41 PM 10:55:39 PM 10:56:21 PM 10:56:21 PM Peak D1stance From Current (kA) -13.2 -16.4 -9.5 16.0 -9.6 -12.9 -2.0 -11.2 -3.3 -16.3 27.9 -16.9 -19.4 -9.7 -6.0 -8.9 -25.8 -6.2 -19.3 -2.8 -12.3 -38.9 -9.6 -9.2 -13.4 -14.9 -18.3 -8.4 -26.2 -8.7 -14.3 -48.0 -18.4 42.4 -12.8 -22.8 -11.8 Center m1/km 1.4/2.3 1.7/2.7 1.8/2.9 2.2/3.6 2.8/4.5 3.1/5.0 3.1/5.0 3.2/5.2 3.5/5.6 3.5/5.7 3.7/5.9 3.7/6.0 4.2/6.8 4.3/6.9 4.3/7.0 4.4/7.1 4.4/7.1 4.4/7.1 4.5/7.2 4.5/7.3 4.6/7.4 4.6/7.5 4.7/7.6 4.8/7.7 4.8/7.7 4.8/7.8 4.8/7.8 4.9/7.8 4.9/7.8 4.9/7.9 4.9/7.9 4.9/8.0 5.0/8.0 5.0/8.1 5.1/8.2 5.1/8.2 5.1/8.3 Lat1tude 37.9631 37.9610 37.9615 37.9507 37.9774 37.9801 37.9878 37.9821 37.9860 37.9933 37.9922 37.9899 37.9901 37.9977 37.9372 38.0046 38.0010 37.9960 37.9434 37.9709 37.9380 37.9425 37.9445 37.9443 37.9428 37.9966 37.9415 38.0073 38.0115 37.9961 37.9431 38.0081 37.9745 37.9560 38.0152 38.0121 38.0116 Long1tude -81.6107 -81.6244 -81.6271 -81.6441 -81.5763 -81.5720 -81.6125 -81.5725 -81.5712 -81.5926 -81.5778 -81.5700 -81.6530 -81.5670 -81.6835 -81.5839 -81.6376 -81.5580 -81.5220 -81.5289 -81.5194 -81.5189 -81.5168 -81.5159 -81.5158 -81.5469 -81.5148 -81.5677 -81.5835 -81.6635 -81.5139 -81.5661 -81.5217 -81.5130 -81.5858 -81.5699 -81.5675 ••• VAISALA Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations '-ii 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright,© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 16 '-j J ,~ -' STRIKEnet® ' · - ,.. \ " " ' ;i\lif;, , " . f Peak D1stance From Date T1me Current (kA) Center (m1/km) Lat1tude Long1tude Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 10:55:38 PM 10:55:38 PM 09:54:34AM 11:06:51 PM 10:48:52 PM 11:29:48 PM 07:11:24 PM 10:29:49 PM 10:38:37 PM 10:45:21 PM 11:29:48 PM 11:29:48 PM 11:02:21 PM 11:30:37 PM 11:03:20 PM 10:56:21 PM 11:06:51 PM 10:33:56 PM 11:30:37 PM 09:57:41 AM 10:56:21 PM 09:57:41 AM 10:56:21 PM 09:50:13AM 10:55:01 PM 10:55:01 PM 07:11:24PM 10:59:32 PM 10:56:21 PM 07:11:24 PM 09:45:11 AM 11:26:42 PM 07:11:24 PM 11:26:42 PM 07:11:24 PM 07:11:24 PM 11:01:05PM 10:31:08 PM 07:11:24 PM 11:06:51 PM 11:28:21 PM 09:50:13 AM 11:01:41 PM 11:06:51 PM 11:01:41 PM 09:43:40AM 11:01:41 PM 10:59:49 PM 11:01:41 PM 11:01:41 PM -10.0 -12.3 -15.9 -14.1 -5.6 -19.7 -4.1 -14.0 -24.8 -7.9 -15.7 -40.3 -11.5 -12.9 -11.3 -15.4 -10.0 -7.2 -20.0 -19.3 -7.9 -75.3 -14.4 -2.2 -3.4 -12.0 -5.0 -9.7 -17.2 -9.3 18.6 -18.2 -10.6 -34.1 -7.9 -20.6 -8.6 -3.7 -27.0 -13.3 -8.5 -9.2 -23.5 -7.3 -36.4 -18.3 -27.9 -3.3 -15.4 -11.5 5.2/8.4 5.2/8.4 5.3/8.5 5.4/8.6 5.4/8.7 5.4/8.8 5.4/8.8 5.4/8.8 5.5/8.8 5.5/8.8 5.5/8.9 5.5/8.9 5.5/8.9 5.6/9.0 5.6/9.0 5.6/9.0 5.6/9.0 5.6/9.1 5.7/9.2 5.7/9.2 5.7/9.3 5.8/9.3 5.8/9.3 5.8/9.4 5.8/9.4 5.9/9.6 6.0/9.7 6.0/9.7 6.0/9.7 6.0/9.7 6.0/9.8 6.1/9.8 6.1/9.9 6.1/9.9 6.2/9.9 6.2/10.0 6.2/10.1 6.2/10.1 6.3/10.2 6.3/10.2 6.3/10.2 6.3/10.2 6.4/10.3 6.4/10.3 6.4/10.3 6.4/10.3 6.4/10.4 6.5/10.5 6.6/10.6 6.6/10.6 37.9857 38.0121 38.0058 37.8661 37.9466 38.0216 37.9171 37.9828 38.0051 37.9486 38.0225 38.0226 37.8968 38.0216 37.8701 38.0061 37.8747 38.0195 38.0214 37.9779 37.9844 37.9747 37.9927 38.0109 38.0277 37.9936 37.9250 37.9593 37.9888 37.9326 38.0015 38.0290 37.9329 38.0261 37.9322 37.9346 37.9433 37.9916 37.9294 37.8527 38.0331 38.0071 37.9374 37.8647 37.9342 38.0079 37.9370 37.9206 37.9349 37.9373 -81.5251 -81.5653 -81.5485 -81.6188 -81.7034 -81.5969 -81.6984 -81.6904 -81.6662 -81.5039 -81.5972 -81.6094 -81.6864 -81.6265 -81.6479 -81.5393 -81.6596 -81.5667 -81.5693 -81.5083 -81.5124 -81.5057 -81.5181 -81.6678 -81.6097 -81.5154 -81.7118 -81.4952 -81.5096 -81.7143 -81.6868 -81.6286 -81.7159 -81.6441 -81.7165 -81.7177 -81.4893 -81.7009 -81.7185 -81.6218 -81.6236 -81.6873 -81.4867 -81.6674 -81.4866 -81.6885 -81.4857 -81.4877 -81.4835 -81.4831 ••• VAISALA Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA ~J; thunderstorm.vaisala.com TeL +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright •© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 17 j ( " STRIKEnet® Date Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 · T1me 10:47:41 PM 10:45:12 PM 11:37:27 PM 11:04:51 PM 11:37:27 PM 09:51:57 AM 10:59:52 PM 11:02:01 PM 10:48:03 PM 09:54:35AM 10:31:20 PM 07:14:42 PM 10:59:52 PM 10:45:12 PM 11:11:38 PM 09:40:34 AM 10:44:29 PM 11:11:38 PM 07:14:09 PM 10:59:52 PM 09:45:11 AM 11:11:38 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:11:07 PM 07:49:11 PM 11:12:23 PM 10:59:52 PM 07:07:54 PM 07:14:43 PM 10:54:49 PM 10:59:52 PM 10:59:52 PM 10:43:14 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:07:02 PM 11:05:06 PM 07:09:49 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:11:07 PM 07:30:36 PM 07:11:07 PM 10:43:14 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:07:50 PM 07:12:34 PM 10:43:14 PM 11:06:51 PM 10:37:44 PM ' . Peak D1stance From Current (kA) -6,1 -9.0 28.5 -4.6 -18.6 31.2 -31.7 -13.0 -10.7 -25.4 -2.1 -5.3 -17.1 -6.7 -12.2 -32.6 -16.2 -12.2 -14.1 -8.9 -53.8 -13.1 -8.8 -8.0 -5.4 -10.3 -2.2 -6.0 -12.6 -8.4 -32.7 -17.2 -7.6 -8.4 -65.1 -27.5 -6.2 -8.5 -22.1 -42.6 -5.6 -10.5 -9.0 -19.4 -11.1 -5.3 -25.6 -13.8 -7.9 -9.0 Center (m1/km) 6.6/10.7 6.7/10.8 6.7/10.8 6.7/10.8 6.8/10.9 6.8/10.9 6.8/11.0 6.8/11.0 6.8/11.0 6.8/11.0 6.9/11.2 7.0/11.4 7.1/11.5 7.4/11.9 7.4/11.9 7.4/11.9 7.5/12.0 7.5/12.1 7.5/12.1 7.5/12.1 7.5/12.1 7.7/12.5 7.7/12.5 7.8/12.5 7.8/12.6 7.8/12.6 7.9/12.8 8.1/13.0 8.1/13.1 8.2/13.2 8.2/13.2 8.2/13.2 8.2/13.2 8.2/13.3 8.3/13.4 8.4/13.5 8.4/13.5 8.4/13.5 8.4/13.6 8.5/13.6 8.5/13.8 8.6/13.8 8.6/13.9 8.6/13.9 8.6/13.9 8.6/13.9 8.7/14.0 8.7/14.0 8.7/14.1 8.7/14.1 - &. ~ - ' / Lat1tude 37.9549 37.9929 37.8536 37.9377 37.9716 38.0133 37.9083 37.9411 37.9686 38.0420 38.0027 38.0366 37.8958 38.0088 37.8358 37.9933 37.9513 37.8350 38.0465 37.9006 38.0177 37.8319 38.0388 38.0388 38.0460 38.0561 37.8689 37.8565 38.0236 38.0490 38.0570 37.8820 37.8651 37.9621 38.0397 38.0274 37.8510 38.0323 38.0451 38.0454 38.0321 38.0642 38.0462 37.9577 38.0503 38.0198 38.0480 37.9457 37.8214 38.0691 Long1tude -81.7252 -81.7091 -81.5566 -81.4804 -81.4852 -81.5173 -81.7214 -81.4786 -81.4826 -81.6145 -81.7070 -81.6561 -81.7210 -81.7106 -81.6081 -81.7243 -81.7409 -81.5920 -81.6466 -81.7311 -81.7049 -81.5849 -81.6785 -81.6790 -81.6626 -81.6062 -81.7149 -81.7037 -81.7132 -81.6711 -81.5623 -81.7335 -81.7181 -81.7534 -81.6953 -81.7143 -81.7039 -81.7089 -81.6898 -81.6899 -81.7129 -81.6383 -81.6928 -81.7612 -81.6852 -81.7293 -81.6915 -81.7636 -81.6483 -81.6192 •••, ... VAISALA Valsala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com ,, ' Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright,© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reseiVed. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 18 Date Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Trme 07:12:34 PM 07:11:23 PM 11:09:57 PM 07:11:54 PM 09:36:05AM 07:10:31 PM 07:19:06 PM 07:11:07 PM 07:14:42 PM 10:02:18 AM 07:34:43 PM 10:59:07 PM 07:14:42 PM 10:38:38 PM 10:48:03 PM 10:44:29 PM 07:10:11 PM 07:12:34 PM 07:09:49 PM 11:19:36 PM 07:12:09 PM 11:02:47PM 11:09:56 PM 07:08:44 PM 07:08:44 PM 08:33:58 PM 10:02:18 AM 10:37:14 PM 10:59:07 PM 07:08:44 PM 07:11:54 PM 07:14:42 PM 07:14:42 PM 07:08:44 PM 07:08:44 PM 07:14:42 PM 10:49:15 PM 10:57:16 PM 10:43:02 PM 07:14:42 PM 10:05:34AM 11:11:38 PM 07:14:43 PM 07:14:42 PM 10:43:14 PM 07:14:08 PM 10:33:28 PM 07:13:22 PM 07:13:22 PM 11:42:32 PM Peak Current (kA) -2.8 -16.0 -8.7 -50.0 -36.9 -2.3 30.0 -16.8 -15.5 -12.7 -2.2 -16.1 -13.8 -7.1 -8.2 -28.6 -7.9 -21.6 -8.8 -15.1 -15.7 -8.2 -32.3 -26.4 -34.8 -6.5 -101.8 -16.7 -46.9 -32.4 -3.3 -84.0 -19.0 -37.6 -8.9 -31.4 -8.8 -7.8 -12.9 -11.0 -2.3 -2.9 -8.5 -19.4 -30.2 -21.2 -4.5 -14.7 -14.0 -14.1 Distance From Center (mr/km) 8.7/14.1 8.8/14.1 8.8/14.1 8.8/14.2 8.8/14.2 8.8/14.2 8.8/14.3 8.9/14.3 8.9/14.3 8.9/14.4 8.9/14.4 8.9/14.4 9.0/14.4 9.0/14.5 9.0/14.5 9.0/14.5 9.0/14.5 9.0/14.6 9.1/14.6 9.1/14.7 9.2/14.8 9.2/14.9 9.2/14.9 9.3/14.9 9.3/14.9 9.3115.0 9.3/15.0 9.3/15.0 9.3/15.0 9.4/15.1 9.4/15.2 9.4/15.2 9.4/15.2 9.4/15.2 9.5/15.2 9.5/15.3 9.5/15.3 9.5/15.3 9.5/15.3 9.5/15.3 9.5/15.4 9.6/15.5 9.6/15.5 9.6/15.5 9.6/15.6 9.6/15.6 9.7/15.6 9.7/15.6 9.7/15.6 9.7/15.7 Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm. vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Latrtude 38.0445 38.0387 37.8179 38.0477 37.9710 38.0344 38.0303 38.0492 38.0552 37.9807 38.0542 37.8465 38.0565 38.0728 37.9408 37.9664 37.9995 38.0544 38.0396 38.0209 38.0525 37.9828 37.8130 38.0385 38.0411 37.9243 37.9759 38.0778 37.8419 38.0444 38.0479 38.0597 38.0576 38.0445 38.0425 38.0620 38.0772 37.8799 38.0727 38.0612 37.9954 37.8208 38.0625 38.0620 37.9606 38.0524 38.0744 38.0568 38.0561 37.9553 Longrtude -81.7005 -81.7098 -81.6319 -81.6961 -81.7618 -81.7177 -81.7233 -81.6960 -81.6841 -81.4471 -81.6879 -81.7137. -81.6842 -81.5918 -81.4389 -81.7666 -81.7533 -81.6920 -81.7174 -81.7390 -81.7006 -81.4416 -81.5624 -81.7239 -81.7205 '81.4349 -81.4381 -81.6157 -81.7176 -81.7192 -81.7143 -81.6936 -81.6990 -81.7207 -81.7237 -81.6908 -81.5673 -81.7588 -81.5463 -81.6932 -81.4419 -81.5201 -81.6951 -81.6964 -81.7799 -81.7146 -81.5411 -81.7088 -81.7104 -81.4259 ••,. VAISALA ~ ... Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright-.© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reseiVed. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 19 . ' STRIKE net® Date Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 . \, Trme 10:31:47 PM 10:29:49 PM 10:09:42 AM 11:09:56 PM 11:03:26 PM 11:09:56 PM 10:57:40 PM 07:13:22 PM 11:20:36 PM 08:08:28 PM 11:08:38 PM 08:31:30 PM 07:07:14 PM 10:57:56 PM 11:09:57 PM 07:17:35 PM 10:56:32 PM 07:24:10 PM 11:09:57 PM 10:42:39 PM 08:31:30 PM 08:39:19 PM 11:04:44 PM 07:17:35 PM 10:42:39 PM 07:24:10 PM 10:56:32 PM 10:57:57 PM 07:10:31 PM 10:45:18 PM 10:57:56 PM 10'09:42 AM 10:59:07 PM 07:32:21 PM 10:57:56 PM 10:09:42 AM 07:08:16 PM 07:24:10 PM 07:10:31 PM 10:57:57 PM 10:57:40 PM 07:24:10 PM 10:41:51 PM 10:57:57 PM 07:24:10 PM 07:08:16 PM 10:57:56 PM 11:09:56 PM 07:24:10 PM 10:57:56 PM Peak Current (kA) -41.1 -12.7 -91.0 -30.7 -11.2 -26.0 -3.0 -20.5 -31.9 -7.4 -20.0 -51.1 -14.7 -5.5 -17.1 -41.4 -7.9 -55.9 -37.9 -15.1 15.5 -3.2 -17.1 -33.6 -28.9 -16.1 -26.7 -8.7 -15.2 17.0 -12.0 -24.2 -14.0 -5.4 -14.9 -19.3 -11.0 -13.2 -20.0 -14.7 -13.4 -25.1 -7.8 -9.0 -29.8 -16.0 -14.5 -33.8 -23.2 -14.6 ' ! • . Distance From Center (mr/km) 9.8/15.7 9.8/15.8 9.8/15.8 9.8/15.8 9.8/15.9 9.9/15.9 9.9/16.0 9.9/16.0 9.9/16.0 10.0/16.1 10.0/16.1 10.0/16.2 10.0/16.2 10.1/16.3 10.1/16.3 10.1/16.3 10.1/16.4 10.2/16.4 10.2/16.4 10.2/16.4 10.2/16.4 10.2/16.5 10.2/16.5 10.2/16.5 10.3/16.5 10.3/16.6 10.3/16.6 10.3/16.6 10.3/16.6 10.3/16.6 10.3/16.7 10.3/16.7 10.3/16.7 10.4/16.8 10.4/16.8 10.4/16.8 10.4/16.8 10.4/16.8 10.4/16.8 10.4/16.8 10.5/16.9 10.5/16.9 10.5/16.9 10.5/16.9 10.5/16.9 10.5/16.9 10.5/16.9 10.5/17.0 10.5/17.0 10.5/17.0 - " . w Latrtude 38.0784 38.0108 37.9709 37.8012 37.9726 37.8004 37.8674 38.0543 37.7993 38.0845 37.7983 37.8977 38.0512 37.8527 37.7973 38.0736 37.8751 38.0109 37.7963 38.0888 37.8947 37.9506 37.8050 38.0854 38.0891 38.0245 37.8780 37.8750 38.0551 38.0759 37.8884 37.9709 37.8303 38.0614 37.8828 37.9724 38.0504 38.0278 38.0570 37.8811 37.8911 38.0231 37.9315 37.8844 38.0253 38.0526 37.8821 37.7913 38.0269 37.8819 Longrtude -81.6560 -81.7624 -81.4270 -81.5869 -81.4269 -81.5847 -81.7588 -81.7192 -81.6150 -81.6406 -81.5979 -81.4287 -81.7277 -81.7503 -81.5830 -81.6890 -81.7694 -81.7701 -81.5846 -81.5743 -81.4271 -81.4163 -81.6727 -81.6578 -81.5689 -81.7620 -81.7737 -81.7720 -81.7299 -81.5163 -81.7808 -81.4172 -81.7296 -81.7225 -81.7795 -81.4162 -81.7389 -81.7628 -81.7301 -81.7793 -81.7846 -81.7676 -81.7962 -81.7819 -81.7663 -81.7379 -81.7809 -81.5839 -81.7656 -81.7814 ••• VAISALA Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations ~:.;: 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright ...© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 20 ' ~ \ STRIKEnet® Date Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 \' Trme 07:10:32 PM 10:40:19 PM 10:57:56 PM 07:10:31 PM 07:10:31 PM 10:43:29 PM 10:45:12 PM 07:07:50 PM 07:46:13 PM 07:31:23 PM 09:36:05AM 07:46:13 PM 10:09:42 AM 10:05:34AM 07:32:22 PM 09:36:04AM 11:15:07 PM 11:23:02 PM 10:37:14 PM 11:28:18 PM 10:24:18 PM 10:26:35 PM 11:23:23 PM 10:27:04 PM 09:05:46 PM 07:29:48 PM 10:58:35 PM 10:27:49 PM 10:13:19 PM 11:45:04 PM 10:25:57 PM 07:29:47 PM 11:29:45 PM 11:28:19 PM 10:25:48 PM 11:32:49PM 07:31:23 PM 07:09:07 PM 11:32:09 PM 11:25:49 PM 11:41:31 PM 10:07:19 PM 10:23:11 PM 11:38:30 PM 10:23:41 PM 11:10:15 PM 10:36:31 PM 11:43:41 PM 10:55:45 PM 11:44:35 PM " " ii!"9 ~ ' . z , Peak D1stance From Current (kA) -11.6 -11.1 -16.3 -3.5 -34.3 -11.7 -4.8 -9.5 -3.4 -2.0 -7.4 -4.8 -5.8 -7.7 -7.7 -5.3 -3.5 -4.4 -3.0 -3.3 -30.1 32.3 -5.2 -8.9 -8.6 -2.0 -11.7 -2.8 -2.2 -3.1 -2.3 -3.0 -3.4 -3.8 -8.5 -3.0 -11.6 -2.0 -2.3 -2.8 -3.6 -2.1 -8.4 -3.7 -7.2 -7.4 -8.6 -2.9 -11.0 -2.6 Center (mr/km) 10.5/17.0 10.5/17.0 10.6/17.0 10.6/17.0 10.6/17.0 10.7117.2 10.9/17.6 10.9/17.6 11.0/17.8 11.0/17.8 11.1/17.9 11.3/18.3 11.4/18.4 11.7/18.8 11.7/18.9 11.9/19.1 12.2/19.7 12.3/19.9 12.4/20.0 12.6/20.3 12.8/20.6 12.9/20.8 13.2/21.3 13.3/21.4 13.3/21.5 13.4/21.6 13.4/21.7 13.6/21.9 14.1/22.8 14.4/23.3 14.5/23.4 14.7/23.7 14.7/23.8 14.8/23.9 14.9/24.0 15.2/24.5 15.2/24.6 15.5/25.0 15.7/25.3 16.2/26.0 16.2/26.1 16.3/26.4 16.5/26.6 16.7/27.0 17.4/28.0 17.9/28.9 19.1/30.7 19.7/31.7 20.3/32.7 20.8/33.6 Latrtude 38.0580 37.9385 37.8813 38.0562 38.0573 38.0908 38.0421 38.0413 38.0997 38.0595 37.9954 38.1031 37.9582 37.9658 38.0589 38.0000 37.7713 37.9215 38.1066 37.7681 38.1280 38.1197 37.9143 38.0992 38.1360 37.9503 38.0604 38.1042 38.1356 37.8062 38.0553 38.0753 37.7523 37.7436 38.1404 37.7262 38.1011 38.0994 37.7831 37.7224 37.7757 38.0754 38.1787 37.7744 38.1938 38.0697 38.2134 37.7072 38.0959 37.7614 Longrtude -81.7318 -81.7977 -81.7815 -81.7348 -81.7333 -81.5468 -81.7603 -81.7618 -81.6437 -81.7432 -81.7969 -81.6511 -81.3949 -81.3911 -81.7616 -81.8098 -81.5485 -81.3788 -81.7003 -81.5371 -81.6063 -81.6838 -81.3638 -81.7473 -81.6066 -81.8497 -81.4065 -81.7469 -81.6939 -81.4034 -81.8297 -81.8157 -81.4823 -81.5016 -81.4917 -81.5556 -81.8003 -81.8094 -81.3993 -81.5043 -81.3962 -81.8536 -81.6579 -81.3832 -81.6337 -81.8915 -81.5310 -81.4006 -81.2853 -81.2982 ...... VAISALA "'"" Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thunderstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright.,© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 21 -'j STRIKEnet® Date Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr 5, 2010 Apr5,2010 Apr 5, 2010 } " ., / ( T1me 10:17:39 PM 10:00:09 PM 08:53:47 PM 10:44:17 PM 07:25:15 PM 09:57:07 PM Peak Current (kA) -8,1 -8,1 -9.5 -7.7 -7.8 -8.3 D1stance From Center (m1/km) 20,9133,7 21,6134,8 23.0/37.2 23.7138.2 24.6139.6 26.4142.6 ' 9'" 0 Lat1tude 382459 382179 38.1389 38.2296 38.1531 38.2417 Long1tude -81.5829 -81,7932 -81.2600 -81.3635 -81.9692 -81.9087 \+'} VAISALI Vaisala Inc. Tucson Operations 2705 E. Medina Road Tucson, AZ 85706, USA thund.erstorm.vaisala.com Tel. +1 520 806 7300 Fax +1 520 741 2848 thunderstorm.sales@vaisala.com Jun 9, 2010 05:16:59 PM Copyright>© Vaisala Group 2010. All rights reserved. This report is intended for the sole use of the customer(s) named herein. Permission to copy, modify, or distribute this report in part or its entirety to any third party is expressly forbidden unless expressed or written permission is provided by Vaisala. Page 22 APPENDIX MINE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM Appendix W Mine Electrical System Electrical Power System Power was supplied to the mine by a 46,000 volt alternating current (Vac) service drop from the American Electric Power utility company. The voltage was transformed from 46,000 Vac to 12,470 Vac by two 10 mega-volt amperes (MVA) three-phase transformers, located in the substation near the south portals. The secondary side of each transformer was grounded through 25 ampere grounding resistors. Gang-operated disconnect switches and lightning arrestors were installed on the primary and secondary side of each transformer. Power was supplied from the substation to various underground locations by five separate 4/0 American Wire Gauge (AWG), 15 kilovolt (KV) shielded mine power cables (See Figures AC-1, AC-2 and AC-3). Each cable was protected by a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) installed in the substation. A color code was used by the mine electricians to differentiate the five high-voltage distribution circuits used underground. According to electrical maps in use at the time of the accident, the “violet” circuit supplied power to the longwall section. The “red” circuit provided power for the HG 22 and TG 22 development sections, several conveyor belt drives, and areas of the mine near the Ellis Portal. The “blue” circuit supplied power to the Barrier Section and other loads located in the North Mains area of the mine. The “green” circuit provided power to various conveyor belt drives, pumps, and other assorted equipment, located outby the longwall section. The “orange” circuit supplied power to the south side of the mine. All of the high voltage circuits, except for the “orange” circuit, entered the underground area of the mine through the No.3 entry of the North Portal. The “orange” circuit entered the mine through the No.3 entry of the South Portal. Inspections made of all these circuits determined that each was equipped with devices that could provide short circuit protection, overload protection, grounded-phase protection, undervoltage protection, and ground wire monitoring. The violet, red, and green 12,470 Vac circuits ran through a series of high voltage circuit breakers and feed-throughs (power boxes) prior to and after entering the explosion area. Several circuit breakers on each circuit tripped during the mine explosion. All three circuits were routed into the explosion area from the Old North Mains track entry into the North Glory Mains track entry. From there they were routed into Headgate 1 North, HG 22, and TG 22. All three circuits had damage at various locations. Damage was observed along the Headgate 1 North, HG 22, and TG 22 entries, but the first occurrence of damage was observed along the North Glory Mains, when traveling inby. The “red” circuit served primarily as a power supply for the development section belt lines and for the continuous mining section equipment in the explosion area. This circuit made a final split at crosscut 7 of the HG 22 Panel. From there, it terminated at the 2,500 kilo-volt amperes (KVA) section power center for the HG 22 section and terminated at the 2,250 KVA section power center for TG 22 section. Both of these power centers supplied 995 Vac and 480 Vac power to mining equipment in the face areas. The “green” circuit served primarily as a power supply for the North Glory Mains conveyor belts inside the explosion area. This circuit ended at crosscut 105 of the North Glory Mains, where it supplied the No. 7 North belt conveyor. The circuit providing power to Headgate 1 North was designated as the “violet” circuit. The “violet” circuit was dedicated totally for the longwall section equipment and the longwall conveyor belt. From the surface sub-station at the UBB Portal, 12,470 Vac was provided to the longwall section power center, located in the track entry outby the longwall face at the mule train. The 5,750 KVA longwall power center reduced the voltage to 4,160 Vac and 480 Vac for utilization on the longwall section. 4,160 Vac was provided from the power center to the longwall starter box located at the mule train. Longwall Section The 4,160 Vac, longwall starter controlled power to the shearer, face conveyor motors, crusher motor, and stageloader motors. Power was delivered to these longwall components through cables, which were routed from the longwall starter along a monorail system in the belt entry. 480 Vac was provided from the section power center to the headgate controller (gate box). This cable was also routed along the monorail system. The monorail system and several of the cables suspended from it were damaged heavily during the explosion. The cable supplying 480 Vac to the headgate controller was a #6 AWG 3conductor, type G-GC, and entered the controller through a permissible plug and receptacle. The grounding conductors in the cable were attached to the frame of the controller. The approved drawings for the controller showed the pilot circuit for the ground monitor connected to a normally closed contact on the emergency stop (e-stop) switch. The pilot circuit then connected to a terminating diode which was attached to the controller frame, completing the ground monitor circuit. Operating the e-stop switch should have opened the ground monitor pilot circuit and caused the circuit breaker at the power center to trip, de-energizing the 480 Vac circuit. However, the circuit was not properly wired when inspected after the explosion. A terminating diode was installed between the pilot wire on the back of the receptacle and the frame of the controller. This rendered the e-stop switch ineffective for tripping the 480 Vac power to the controller, although it would have de-energized the 4,160 Vac circuits. When installed as approved, the e-stop would have de-energized all power on the longwall face when depressed; however, by the manner in which this e-stop was installed, only the high-voltage motor and shearer circuits would have been de-energized, while all other circuits (e.g. lighting, methane monitors, etc.) would have remained energized. American Electric 3 Track Entry Power North Portal SURFACE UNDERGROUND 46,000 Volts MULE TRAIN #19-20 Breaks - Headgate #1 North STARTER 53 Break . 7 Break 102 Break - a ToLongwa" Power Center Starter VC . I - 538217120011 I 30599-709 I V0 #102 Break Power Center Vioiet Unused Output N. Glory Mains Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vi 17514-402 33600-709 TgaeJSafogmet-id I a Mother Belt Starter i WAG-0R3 111111111111111111111 1. . . I 93 Break 13060-1800-100 acuum Cll'CUlt rea er ?o 12,470 Volts Mains 31224-909 10 MVA Transformer 13 Break . I North Mains nect vc I 9 Pumps #104 Break .. N. Glory Mains Unused Output Red Circuit I 12707-300-1188 77 Break VC Old N. Mains 5 Break VC 120 Break Box I N. - 66 Break 0 ams disconnect North Mains VC VC open. Only VC vc I a used as I 500 KVA Feed- VG 28911-109 Through I 11521-500-398 11602-398 22909-1005 Unused Output . 7 12110-698 I rea #133 Break - Parallel N. Mains Giory Mains I Distribution . Box, Pumps, I Unused Output Construction 1 I i 500 KVA [1400 KVA Section i 11296-500-1 27201-1400-1008 Equ'pment LBB Mains VIOlet 21 Break Eunice Section . . Parallel N. Mains I .. 7 . . . DIstrIbu?ion Box [500 KVA 9 umps Headgate 22 ?e t 1 9- VC Headgate 22 - 1 Belt Starter - "399.5% 1. "mp5 3544'500'296 10083-500-1296 I VC 22908-1200-1005 12821499 '?13 EXPLOSION i Red Splitter Eu'?i'gxison J- Tailgate 22 - 2 Belt Starter . Box 30844-709 500 KVA ems Construction 29989-500409 Equipment . 2300 KVA I 3157-2300-310 i 2081 2-23.00-704 - Tailgate 22 Contl ue onto LBB Mains Section Equipment I Eunice Section .. . . 16266-2250-501 FUTURE a Cl Ellis Section Equipment Pa 2 - 9187-1000-496 ?93493133? NOT CONNECTED Headgate 22 Section Equipment 2500 szgi? 27011-2500-208 Continued from Page 1 American Electric Power 46,000 Volts # 3 Track Entry North Portal SURFACE Combination Unit Power Center & Starter KVA UNDERGROUND Power Center Blue Circuit VC B # 33 Break North Mains VC B # 56 Break North Mains VC B # 2 Belt (480 Volts) 1600 KVA VC B Vacuum Circuit Breaker 11762-1600-998 Blue Circuit 22910-206 # 62 Break North Mains Transformer Barrier Section # 3 Belt Starter 500 KVA 19848-500-1103 Disconnect # 1 Break Barrier Mains VC B # 3 Break Barrier Section Barrier Section Equipment 2000 KVA Blue, Green & Orange Transformer 29920-209 13012 # 79 Break North Mains Pumps 12,470 Volts 500 KVA UBB - South 12,470 Volt Circuits 8357-500-895 # 18 Break North Mains # 18 Break North Mains 10 MVA # 89 Break North Mains VC B Pumps 500 KVA 29921-209 Pumps Blue & Green Circuits Page 2 2300 KVA 10362-500-597 11761-2300-798 North Mains (Plumley Run) # 1 North 6' Belt 2300 KVA BEFORE April 5, 2010 EXPLOSION 11760-2300-698 Unused Output # 2 Break Old N. Mains Green Circuit VC B # 78 Break North Mains VC B # 1 Break Old N. Mains (Ellis Switch) X # 4 North Belt 2300 KVA 22037-2300-1105 VC B VC B # 41 Break Old N. Mains VC B Green Circuit 22639-705 28964-1108 #5 Ellis Belt Transformer # 5 North Belt 2300 KVA 22039-2300-106 # 5 Ellis Belt 1000 KVA 29645-1000-209 # 75 Break North Mains VC B OUTSIDE Ellis Portal # 79 Break Old N. Mains # 6 North Belt 2300 KVA 22938-206 22038-2300-1205 Charger 1000 KVA # 105 Break North Glory Mains 8798-1000-296 OUTSIDE Ellis Portal # 7 North Belt 2300 KVA ELLIS MINE OFFICE Continue to Orange Circuit Page 3 POLE MOUNTED 22040-2300-206 Continued from Blue, Green, Orange Transformer Page 2 Combination Unit Power Center & Starter KVA Power Center VC B # 3 Track Entry South Portal Vacuum Circuit Breaker Transformer SURFACE Orange Circuit VC B UNDERGROUND Disconnect # 2 Break South Mains MOTOR BARN Chargers 500 KVA Orange Circuit 21709-500-105 # 22 Break East Mains Pumps 300 KVA 9149-300-396 # 17 Break East Mains VC B # 40 Break East Mains Extension Portal Section # 2 Belt Starter 500 KVA 30598-609 31175-500-1009 # 17 Break East Mains # 45 Break East Mains Extension Portal Section # 1 Belt Starter 500 KVA 8255-500-795 Portal Section Equipment 2300 KVA 22715-2300-805 UBB - South 12,470 Volt Circuits Orange Circuit Page 3 BEFORE April 5, 2010 EXPLOSION APPENDIX EXAMINATION OF COMPONENTS OF JOY MINING MACHINERY INA CONTROL SYSTEM U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION TECHNICAL SUPPORT INVESTIGATIVE REPORT Examination of Components of Joy Mining Machinery JNA Control System Recovered from a Mine Explosion at Performance Coal Company Upper Big Branch Mine-South (MSHA ID 46-08436) Montcoal (Raleigh County), WV April 5, 2010 PAR 98462 Prepared By: Robert Holubeck, Electrical Engineer Matthew Heightland, Electrical Engineer November 23, 2011 -Originating OfficeApproval and Certification Center Electrical Safety Division Kenneth J. Porter, Chief 765 Technology Drive Triadelphia, West Virginia 26059 2 EXAMINATION OF COMPONENTS OF JOY MINING MACHINERY JNA CONTROL SYSTEM 1 ABSTRACT The Approval and Certification Center (A&CC), as requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page, assisted the accident investigation team in the examination of components of the Joy Mining Machinery Joy Network Architecture (JNA) Control System associated with the longwall shearing machine. These components were recovered from a fatal mine explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South which occurred on April 5, 2010. The components examined were: 1. Exhibit No. PE-0164, Joy Mining Machinery JNA0 control unit, S/N 56602AH003, Part No. 00572110-0020, recovered from the Joy longwall shearing machine installed at the mine. 2. Exhibit No. PE-0165, Joy Mining Machinery JNA1 control unit, S/N 100304AC006, Part No. 100133930, recovered from the Joy longwall shearing machine installed at the mine. 3. Exhibit No. PE-0173, Joy Mining Machinery, JNA1 control unit, S/N 113203AH002, Part No. 100133930, recovered in the area of survey spad 22699. The JNA1 recovered as Exhibit No. PE-0173 is reported to be a spare unit. 4. Exhibit No. PE-0204, Joy Mining Machinery JNA0 control unit, S/N 56605AC010, Part No. 00572110-0020, recovered in the area of survey spad 22701. The JNA0 recovered as Exhibit No. PE-0204 is reported to be a spare unit. 5. Exhibit No. PE-0269, Joy Mining Machinery, JNA0 control unit, S/N 50905T0002, Part No. 00572110-0020, recovered by the accident investigation team from the Joy facility in Bluefield, VA, on August 23, 2010. For Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit recovered from the longwall shearer, the electronic event log of April 5, 2010 was viewed. The last two recorded events on April 5, 2010 on the JNA0 unit were: “ERR Right Handheld Dataloss” and “STS Right Handheld Estop.” These records are an error message and a machine status code. No other events were recorded in the event log for approximately 43 minutes prior to the above listed events. Events recorded in the JNA0 event log are time stamped. In order to determine the actual time that events on April 5, 2010 were recorded in the Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit’s electronic event log, a time drift analysis was conducted on 3 the system clock of the JNA0 unit. At standard laboratory temperature of approximately 20 ºC, the system clock was drifting at a rate between 0.49971 and 0.4824 seconds per day. Assuming that the environmental conditions of the JNA0 unit before it was delivered to the A&CC were constant, the rate of drift of the system clock would remain constant. This means, if the drift was constant from April 5, 2010 until the measurements started, the actual expected time and date for the last “STS Right Handheld ESTOP” event, as recorded on the JNA0 event log, was between 2:59:32 PM and 2:59:38 PM on April 5, 2010. Functional testing was conducted on Exhibit Nos. PE-0164 (JNA0) and PE-0165 (JNA1) on a Joy shearer test panel which mimicked the functionality of the shearer installed at the longwall. The purpose of this functional testing was to ensure that machine control system events monitored by the JNA system are properly interpreted by the JNA system, the proper actions were taken by the JNA system, and the appropriate events were properly recorded on the JNA0 event log. During the functional testing, machine functions were initiated by Exhibit No. PE-0238, Model TX1 remote control unit after being restored to working order. Events were stored in the Exhibit No. PE-0164 (JNA0) event log when expected. The functional testing indicated that Exhibit Nos. PE-0164 (JNA0) and PE-0165 (JNA1) functioned as expected. Attempts were made to view the electronic event logs of additional JNA control units recovered during the accident investigation. No event logs were stored in Exhibit Nos. PE-0173, PE-0204, or PE-0269. 2 INTRODUCTION 2.1 Request. The Approval and Certification Center (A&CC), as requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page, assisted the accident investigation team in the examination of components of the Joy Mining Machinery JNA Control System associated with the longwall shearing machine. The examinations included recovering data stored in the memory of these units and comparing the internal time clocks of these units with presumed accurate time clocks. These components were recovered from a fatal mine explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South which occurred on April 5, 2010. 2.2 Equipment. The longwall shearing machine installed at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South was a Joy Mining Machinery, Model 07LS1A shearer, serial number (S/N) LSW525C, MSHA Shearer Evaluation No. SE-18630-0. Components of the JNA control system were recovered from the shearer. In addition, the investigation team recovered spare JNA components located underground and at a repair facility. 2.3 Description of JNA control system. The JNA control system was the computer control center for the Joy shearing machine installed in the 4 longwall shearer at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South Mine. The control system monitored the various machine functions and also contained the circuitry necessary for remote control operation. A display screen was provided to assist in operating or troubleshooting the machine. The display screen was viewed through a window of the main controller enclosure of the shearer. The JNA control system consisted of two components or units, referred to as JNA unit 0 and JNA unit 1, or also as the JNA0 and JNA1 units. The JNA0 unit performed various computer and control functions; it also contained the system display. The JNA1 unit contained the input and output interface to various circuits on the machine. Some of the functions of the JNA system included: • Controlling the machine’s solenoid-operated hydraulic functions, • Monitoring the remote control transmitter stations, • Monitoring and controlling motor currents and motor temperatures, • Providing motor overcurrent protection, • Providing diagnostic data on the display, and • Providing an electronic event log for reviewing machine performance. The event log is a listing of the machine status codes and error messages. The JNA event log is not designed to be downloaded; it can only be viewed on the JNA0 display. The Machine Application Program (MAP) cartridge is a small cartridge that plugs into a socket on the JNA0 unit. The MAP is programmed at the manufacturer’s facility specifically for a certain shearing machine. The MAP cartridge is used by the JNA system to customize the configuration settings, such as motor overload settings, based on the shearer components installed. 2.4 Recovering JNA0 and JNA1 units from Shearer. On July 20, 2010, the main controller enclosure on the longwall shearer at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South was opened, the connections to the JNA0 and JNA1 units were disconnected, and the JNA0 and JNA1 units were secured into protective storage cases. The JNA0 unit, S/N 56602AH003, part number (P/N) 00572110-0020, was designated as Exhibit No. PE-0164. The JNA1 unit, S/N 100304AC006, was designated as Exhibit No. PE-0165. For the purpose of preserving the data, the MAP cartridge, which was installed in the appropriate slot of the JNA0 unit, was not removed from the JNA0 unit during the investigation. The MAP installed in Exhibit No. PE-0164 was P/N 100173695-06. See Appendix A-1 for photographs of the recovery of the JNA units. 5 3 VIEWING EVENT LOG OF EXHIBIT NO. PE-0164 JNA0 UNIT 3.1 Procedure. Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit, was taken to the Joy Mining Machinery facility in Franklin, PA, on July 23, 2010, for the purpose of viewing the event log. Joy personnel conducted the testing under the direction of the investigation team. The examinations were videotaped and photographed. See Appendix A-2 for photographs. An attempt was made to synchronize the timestamp of the video recording to the real time clock available at www.time.gov. A photograph of both the real time clock displayed on a laptop computer and the video recording’s timestamp shows a one second difference (see Appendix A-2, slide 10). 3.2 Demonstration Unit. Joy personnel demonstrated how the JNA event log can be viewed on a JNA0 sample unit. The demonstration JNA0 sample unit was powered with a 120 Vac power cord and was controlled using a page turner device. After power was applied and the boot-up sequence finished, the demonstration JNA0 sample unit displayed the main menu. The JNA system’s date and time are also displayed on the screen. The operator then toggled to the “Event Log” on the main menu. The JNA event log contained a chronological detail of the operation of the JNA system, and can include any errors, overload conditions, or status events. Approximately 4,000 of the latest events can be stored in the event log; the oldest event is overwritten by newer events being recorded. Each event contains the time stamp, or date and time, of the event’s occurrence. The user can select an event’s “help text” for more descriptive information explaining an event. It was demonstrated that the demonstration JNA0 sample event log was maintained in memory after powering down and restarting the demonstration unit. Nine (9) events related to the boot-up sequence were stored in the event log every time the demonstration JNA0 sample unit was powered. As expected, some of these events were due to the demonstration JNA0 sample unit not being connected to a JNA1 unit and other sensors as it would be on a machine. 3.3 Exhibit No. PE-0164 JNA0 Unit. Exhibit No. PE-0164 was taken out of its protective storage case. The JNA0 unit was powered with a 120 Vac power cord and controlled using a page turner device. After the boot-up sequence finished, the JNA0 unit displayed the main menu. The JNA system’s date and time were also displayed on the screen. The operator then toggled to the “Event Log” on the main menu. The nine (9) events that related to the boot-up sequence that had just initiated were recorded, beginning with the event “SYS Power Reset”. Events recorded just prior to the JNA0 unit being powered on July 23, 2010, were dated April 5, 2010. 3.4 Viewing of Data. Every screen of the event log was recorded via still or video photography. Every screen of data consisted of 20 events, with the latest four events repeated from the previous screen. The date of the 6 recorded events began on April 5, 2010, and continued until March 30, 2010. On the 57th screen, data recorded on March 30, 2010 was immediately preceded by data recorded on January 7, 2009. This data continued until January 3, 2009. It was believed that the January 2009 data was recorded while this JNA0 unit was installed on another shearing machine, since these dates are prior to the time when this particular shearing machine was delivered to the Upper Big Branch Mine-South. The two last two recorded events on April 5, 2010 on the JNA0 unit were: April 5, 2010 April 5, 2010 18:52:41 18:52:39 ERR Right Handheld Dataloss STS Right Handheld Estop No events were recorded in the event log for approximately 43 minutes prior to the above listed events. A “STS Right Handheld Estop” event would occur if the data from the right handheld unit dropped out for 0.5 to 1.5 seconds. According to the manufacturer, examples of a radio communication dropout include: • The operator pressed the “stop” button on the TX1 remote control unit, • The radio communications to the receiver dropped out, • The receiver to the JNA communications dropped out, or • The internal battery of the TX1 remote control unit was dying. Also, an “ERR Right Handheld Dataloss” event would occur if the data from the right handheld unit dropped out for more than 1.5 seconds. 3.5 Photographs of Event Log. Slides 12 through 141 of Appendix A-2 show the event log as displayed on the JNA0 unit. The entire procedure of viewing the event log was videotaped; however, not every screen of data of the event log of January 3, 2009 was photographed. 3.6 Event Log with Adjustments for Time Drift. Efforts were made to determine the actual time that events occurred in the event log (see Time Drift Study in Section 4 below). Based on the time drift analysis, the time of recorded events in the event log was calculated for a range of “earliest” and “latest” possible actual time. The resulting actual time range for the events recorded on April 5, 2010 is shown in Appendix B. 3.7 Event Log Help Text. “Help Text” information could be selected by the user for more descriptive information explaining an event. Joy provided a “JNA Event Dictionary File” which listed all events that are possible to record in the event log of the JNA system installed at the shearer used on the longwall. The help text information for this large list of events (machine 7 status codes and error messages) recorded on April 5, 2010 is shown in Appendix C. 3.8 Exhibit No. PE-0164 JNA0 Parameter Screens. After viewing the event log of the JNA0, the parameter screens and other menus of the unit were viewed, videotaped and photographed. These screens are shown in Appendix A-2, slides 142 to 205. The power was then removed and the JNA0 unit was placed back into its protective storage case. 3.9 Questions asked of the manufacturer, Joy Mining Machinery. Questions regarding the JNA control system and its electronic event log were gathered from the representatives of parties of the accident investigation team. The questions and Joy’s response, titled “Response to MSHA Questions for Joy”, is filed in the folder for this investigation. 4 4.1 TIME DRIFT STUDY OF EXHIBIT NO. PE-0164 JNA0 UNIT Background. An attempt was made to coordinate the recorded time data associated with selected events in the JNA0 electronic event log for Exhibit No. PE-0164 with time from established sources. The time and date recorded by the internal clock of the JNA0 unit was displayed and observed over a period of approximately fourteen months. This time was compared to presumed accurate time clocks. The rate of change was calculated from this data and used to extrapolate the JNA0 unit’s time on April 5, 2010. The JNA0 unit featured an internal clock. The length of a time period measured by these clocks can deviate from the length of the same time period measured by more precise means; one second measured by the JNA0 unit can differ from one second as measured by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In laboratory environmental conditions, it was noted that the clock did, indeed, differ in time from that obtained from external sources. Given the tolerances of each time measurement, calculations were made to determine the minimum and maximum rates of drift of the JNA0 unit’s internal clocks as compared to the time from external sources. The minimum and maximum rate of drift was compared to the events recorded in the event log which occurred on April 5, 2010. The following were correlated: (a) the time from the JNA0 event log with (b) the actual Eastern Daylight Time when certain events in the data were recorded. The JNA0 unit uses clocks that rely on crystals or resonators connected to integrated circuits. The frequency of the crystal or the resonator determines the operation of the clock. Changes in the frequency of the crystal or resonator, or mismatches in impedance between the 8 external circuitry and the internal circuitry of the integrated circuit, will have an effect on the clock, causing it to differ from the actual time. One major factor that can affect the frequency of a crystal is its temperature. The manufacturer indicated that when the JNA0 unit is repaired at the Matric Limited rebuild facility, the clock is set to the UST format, according to their test procedure. The acronym “UST” stands for Universal Standard Time; it is analogous to the better-known Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). This means that during Eastern Daylight Time, the clock of the JNA0 unit is set four hours ahead of Matric Limited’s network time, and during Eastern Standard Time, the clock of the JNA0 unit is set five hours ahead of the Matric Limited’s network time. The manufacturer indicated that when the clock is reset, the event log is cleared. 4.2 Measurement Procedures. The JNA0 unit was energized and the displayed time and date were recorded. Simultaneously, the time and date displayed on a MSHA-owned personal computer, with the web browser directed to www.time.gov, were recorded. The data was recorded by handwritten notation in a record book and photographs were taken. The time and date of the JNA0 unit was displayed in the upper right hand corner of the JNA0 Main Menu. At the request of the State of West Virginia Office of Miners’ Health, Safety & Training, measurements were also taken with a Garmin etrex Legend GPS Receiver. 4.3 Analysis Procedures. 4.3.1 Precision of measurements. The reference time readings in 2010 and 2011 were taken from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) website at www.time.gov and a Garmin etrex Legend GPS Receiver connected to at least four satellites. 4.3.2 WWW.TIME.GOV. Notes from this website indicate: “This public service is cooperatively provided by the two time agencies of the United States: a Department of Commerce agency, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and its military counterpart, the U. S. Naval Observatory (USNO). Readings from the clocks of these agencies contribute to world time, called Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Additionally, the website says “This web site is intended as a time-of-day service only. It should not be used to measure frequency or time interval, nor should it be used to establish traceability to NIST or the USNO.” This time is synchronized with NIST every ten minutes.” Additionally, the website displays an accuracy statement. This is provided in the format “Accurate within X.X seconds” on a measurement of the round-trip network delay. This delay is measured using the local computer clock as a timer each time synchronization is made. Most measurements 9 were displayed as less than 1 second, but informal observations, using the widget provided by NIST, indicated delay of up to 4 seconds. 4.3.3 Global Positioning System (GPS) Time. The GPS Navigation Message Words six through 10 of page 18 of subframe four of the GPS broadcast navigation message contain the values of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) parameters that permit a GPS receiver to determine UTC corresponding to a particular instant of GPS Time. This page is transmitted once during the 12 ½-minute-long navigation message. The parameters include the current number of UTC leap seconds since January 1980, when GPS Time was set equal to UTC, as well as information on the most recent or announced future leap second. The navigation message also transmits the coefficients of a first-order polynomial describing the subsecond relationship between GPS Time and UTC. The parameters of this polynomial also provide data to allow the GPS receiver to accommodate leap seconds. An observation of the time observed on a GPS receiver indicated that the difference between the time displayed by the receiver and MSHA network time was approximately one second. 4.3.4 Calculations. When calculating the differences between the time displayed by the instruments and the reference time, the tolerances of the reference time were initially based on the information found above. E.g., when the MSHA network was used as a reference, it was considered to have a one second tolerance. However, based on the observations of the NIST time widget, and the statement by NIST that the www.time.gov time should not be used for interval measurements, the tolerance was widened. Calculations were made to determine the largest and smallest differences between (a) the observed time on the instrument and (b) the observed reference time. This range for each time measurement was plotted on a linear-linear graph; there were therefore two y-data points (representing the smallest and largest differences) for each x-data point (representing the observation period, with the first observation at time=0). Because the duration of the observations was approximately 420 days, the variation of each data point in the horizontal (x) direction was insignificant. The same tolerance was used for each data point. Additionally, the time recordings were adjusted to allow for daylight savings time as appropriate. Because a straight line would not fit between the upper and lower limits of all data points when these points were plotted, the tolerance was adjusted to nine seconds to allow this straight line to fit because a linear drift was expected. Then, based on observation, the minimum and maximum slopes of the straight lines that fit the points were measured. These slopes were then used to determine the maximum and minimum time drift 10 of the JNA0 system clock. The time drift values were then used to extrapolate the data to recorded events of the event log on April 5, 2010. 4.4 RESULTS 4.4.1 Time recordings. The listing of time recordings can be found in Table 1 below. This data has been adjusted for Daylight Savings Time. The recordings made on July 23, 2010 and on November 19, 2010 were made from video taken at the Joy facility in Franklin, PA and Matric Limited in Seneca, PA, where the video recording’s time was synchronized to www.time.gov. Recordings made from November 30, 2010 through February 9, 2011 were made by comparing the JNA0 unit time to www.time.gov displayed on a MSHA-owned personal computer. Recordings made from May 27, 2011 to September 15, 2011 were made by comparing the JNA0 time to GPS time. Table 1. JNA0 Time Measurements Date 7/23/2010 7/23/2010 7/23/2010 7/23/2010 7/23/2010 7/23/2010 11/19/2010 11/30/2010 11/30/2010 11/30/2010 1/8/2011 1/8/2011 1/8/2011 1/8/2011 1/26/2011 1/26/2011 1/26/2011 1/27/2011 1/27/2011 1/27/2011 1/28/2011 1/28/2011 1/28/2011 1/31/2011 1/31/2011 1/31/2011 2/1/2011 2/1/2011 2/1/2011 2/3/2011 Reference Time 10:43:59 10:44:03 12:16:43 14:19:11 15:23:50 16:10:32 10:20:00 15:26:00 15:27:00 15:32:00 11:31:57 11:34:37 11:35:00 11:36:00 15:49:05 15:50:37 15:55:10 15:49:41 15:50:55 15:51:54 15:40:38 15:42:10 15:43:38 15:54:14 15:55:47 15:56:45 15:42:25 15:43:25 15:44:34 15:39:16 Instrument Time 14:36:17 14:36:21 16:09:00 18:11:29 19:16:07 20:02:50 14:11:13 19:17:09 19:18:09 19:23:08 15:22:46 15:25:26 15:25:50 15:26:49 19:39:43 19:41:16 19:45:50 19:40:27 19:41:41 19:42:40 19:31:18 19:32:50 19:34:18 19:44:53 19:46:26 19:47:24 19:33:03 19:34:03 19:35:12 19:29:49 11 2/4/2011 2/4/2011 2/4/2011 2/7/2011 2/7/2011 2/7/2011 2/8/2011 2/8/2011 2/8/2011 2/9/2011 2/9/2011 2/9/2011 5/27/2011 5/27/2011 5/27/2011 5/27/2011 6/1/2011 6/1/2011 6/6/2011 6/6/2011 6/8/2011 6/8/2011 6/10/2011 6/10/2011 6/14/2011 6/14/2011 6/17/2011 6/17/2011 6/23/2011 6/23/2011 6/23/2011 6/24/2011 6/24/2011 6/24/2011 6/28/2011 6/28/2011 6/29/2011 6/29/2011 8/12/2011 8/12/2011 8/12/2011 8/23/2011 8/23/2011 8/25/2011 8/25/2011 8/25/2011 9/7/2011 9/7/2011 9/9/2011 9/9/2011 16:16:36 16:17:28 16:18:35 15:08:41 15:11:02 15:12:54 15:28:19 15:29:20 15:30:06 15:41:04 15:42:03 15:43:40 16:23:27 16:24:15 16:26:57 16:29:08 16:06:49 16:10:46 17:11:17 17:16:25 15:37:59 15:39:50 15:41:30 15:42:29 16:19:42 16:21:34 18:08:49 18:15:47 13:59:36 14:00:37 14:01:57 14:36:29 14:37:13 14:38:52 15:39:08 15:40:33 11:39:40 11:49:30 16:34:41 16:36:27 16:37:07 16:13:52 16:19:05 16:54:31 16:56:28 16:58:50 9:01:32 9:05:14 17:04:30 17:06:02 20:07:12 20:08:06 20:09:12 18:59:06 19:01:27 19:03:18 19:18:53 19:19:55 19:20:41 19:31:39 19:32:38 19:34:15 20:13:13 20:14:01 20:16:43 20:18:53 19:56:33 20:00:30 21:00:57 21:06:05 19:27:40 19:29:30 19:31:08 19:32:07 20:09:19 20:11:10 21:58:23 22:05:23 17:49:09 17:50:11 17:51:31 18:26:01 18:26:45 18:28:24 19:28:38 19:30:03 15:29:09 15:38:58 20:23:48 20:25:35 20:26:14 20:02:55 20:08:08 20:43:32 20:45:29 20:47:51 12:50:27 12:54:09 20:53:24 20:54:56 12 9/9/2011 9/15/2011 9/15/2011 17:08:30 16:11:54 16:12:51 20:57:25 20:00:45 20:01:42 4.4.2 Analysis. The data from Table 1 was used to calculate the minimum and maximum deviation of the system clock of the JNA0 unit from Eastern Daylight Time. First, the number of days between the first observation and each subsequent observation was calculated and served as the horizontal axis of Figure 1. Then, through systematic trial and error, the tolerance on the reference time was determined. No tolerance on the JNA0 time observation was used. The smallest tolerance on the time observed on the MSHA network and www.time.gov that would allow a straight line to fit all points, as shown on Figure 1 below, was the minimum allowable tolerance of ±9 seconds. This tolerance was then applied to the reference time, resulting in the points on Figure 1; the points represented by asterisks were the largest possible deviation, and those represented by X were the smallest possible deviation. Once again, by systematic trial and error, straight lines were fit between the two sets of data (largest and smallest deviation) by adjusting the y-intercept and slope of the lines until the minimum and maximum possible slopes were obtained. These slopes were the minimum and maximum rates of drift of the JNA0 system clock. The maximum and minimum slopes were 0.49971 and 0.4824 seconds per day. This means, if the drift was constant from April 5, 2010 until measurements started on July 23, 2010, the actual expected time and date for the last “STS Right Handheld ESTOP” event which was recorded at 6:52:39 PM on April 5, 2010 was between 2:59:32 PM and 2:59:38 PM on April 5, 2010. 13 Figure 1. Calculated Minimum and Maximum Clock Drift Rates, Exhibit No. PE-0164 5 5.1 FUNCTIONAL TESTING OF EXHIBIT NO. PE-0164 (JNA0), EXHIBIT NO. PE-0165 (JNA1) AND EXHIBIT NO. PE-0238 (TX1 REMOTE CONTROL) Procedure. The Exhibit Nos. PE-0164 (JNA0) and PE-0165 (JNA1) were taken for functional testing at the Matric Limited facility in Seneca, PA, on November 19, 2010. The purpose of this functional testing was to ensure that machine control system events monitored by the JNA system are properly interpreted by the JNA system, the proper actions taken by the JNA system, and properly recorded on the JNA0 event log. A Joy shearer test panel was used to mimic the functionality of the shearer, with the JNA system connected to the test panel. Joy personnel conducted the testing under the direction of the investigation team. Joy provided a “JNA event dictionary file” which listed all the events that could have been recorded in the event log of the JNA system installed at the shearer used on the longwall. Joy also provided a document titled “Response to MSHA Questions for Joy”, which included fifty (50) of those events from the dictionary file that the MSHA investigation team asked Joy to simulate during the functionality test of the JNA0 and JNA1 units recovered from the longwall shearer. Appendix D lists those events that the investigation team asked Joy to simulate. Joy indicated that some of the events were no longer used or the events could not be simulated on the Joy test panel. Therefore, some of the events in Appendix D are shaded. The events that are non-shaded or lightly shaded were those that were 14 simulated during the functional test. The events that are darkly shaded could not be simulated during the functional test. The functional testing was videotaped and photographed. See Appendix A-4, slides 1 through 174, for photographs of the functional testing. 5.2 Demonstration of Test Panel with sample JNA0 and JNA1 units. Joy personnel first demonstrated the functions of the Joy shearer test panel by connecting a Joy sample JNA0 unit and a sample JNA1 unit. It was necessary to prepare a replacement MAP cartridge for the Joy sample JNA0 unit. It was shown that the test panel was operating properly by energizing sample components such as relays and motors. Machine functions were initiated by a Joy-supplied umbilical (hard-wire connected) remote control device. 5.3 Functional testing of Exhibit No. PE-0165 (JNA1) with Joy sample JNA0 unit installed on test panel: Exhibit No. PE-0165 (JNA1) was taken out of its protective storage case and installed on the Joy test panel, with the Joy sample JNA0 unit still installed. Functional testing was conducted of the non-shaded and lightly shaded events shown in Appendix D. Machine functions were initiated by a Joy-supplied umbilical (hard-wire connected) remote control device. The Exhibit No. PE-0165 (JNA1) functioned as expected. Events were stored in the Joy sample JNA0 event log when expected. 5.4 Functional testing of Exhibit No. PE-0164 (JNA0) with Joy sample JNA1 unit installed on test panel: This testing was prescribed in the original functional testing protocol, but was not conducted. All parties present at the testing felt it was unnecessary and it was agreed to proceed to the next step of the functional testing. 5.5 Functional testing of Exhibit No. PE-0164 (JNA0) with Exhibit No. PE-0165 (JNA1) on test panel, using Exhibit No. PE-0238 (Model TX1) remote control unit: Exhibit No. PE-0164 (JNA0) was taken out of its protective case and installed on the Joy test panel, with Exhibit No. PE-0165 (JNA1) still installed from the previous step. Joy personnel installed a Joy supplied sample 472 MHz receiver to the right-handheld input to the test panel. Exhibit No. PE-0238, Matric Limited TX1 remote control unit, recovered at Shield 100 of the longwall face, was then used during this step of the functional testing. This TX1 unit was repaired by a Matric Limited technician on November 19, 2010, and restored to working order. Refer to the report “Remote Control Units Recovered from a Mine Explosion at Performance Coal Company” for further information concerning Exhibit No. PE-0238. 15 Functional testing was conducted on the non-shaded and lightly shaded events shown in Appendix D, with machine functions being initiated by Exhibit No. PE-0238 (Model TX1) remote control unit. Exhibit Nos. PE-0164 (JNA0) and PE-0165 (JNA1) functioned as expected. Events were stored in the Exhibit No. PE-0164 (JNA0) event log when expected. Special emphasis and additional tests were conducted to recreate the last two event data recordings for April 5, 2010 shown in Appendix B. Although these event data recordings can be created several ways, as noted earlier, investigators only recreated the last two event data recordings by activating the remote stop function of the TX1 unit at the Matric facility. Each time the remote stop function was actuated, a “ERR Right Handheld Dataloss” occurred within 2 seconds. 6 VIEWING OF EVENT LOGS OF ADDITIONAL JNA UNITS 6.1 Background. Additional JNA control units were recovered during the course of the investigation. These additional units were recovered both from the longwall section and from a repair facility. These additional units were kept as spares for the longwall section. Attempts were made to view any event logs stored on these spare JNA0 units. 6.2 Exhibit No. PE-0173. This exhibit was a JNA unit recovered in the area of survey spad 22699 along “headgate 21”. This unit was later examined at the Matric Limited facility in Seneca, PA, by the team on November 19, 2010. Upon inspection, the unit was a JNA1 unit, S/N 113203AH002, P/N 100133930. No event logs are stored on JNA1 units, so this unit was not powered. No further evaluation was conducted on this JNA1 unit. 6.3 Exhibit No. PE-0204. This exhibit was a plastic protective case containing a JNA0 unit, S/N 56605AC010, P/N 00572110-0020, recovered in the area of survey spad 22701. The case was taken to the Joy Mining Machinery facility in Franklin, PA, on August 11, 2010, for the purpose of viewing the event log on the JNA0 unit. See Appendix A-3 for photographs. The exterior and interior of the protective case was covered in soot and dirt, as was the JNA0 unit located inside. Upon examination, there was dirt in the empty MAP cartridge slot and other connection slots and ports. Joy personnel cleaned the unit with a vacuum, and wiped the unit clean. Since the event log could not be viewed without a MAP cartridge, a replacement MAP cartridge was prepared to mimic the configuration of the shearer at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South. The MAP cartridge was inserted into the JNA0 unit, and the unit was powered. However, upon examination, the event log was empty. No further evaluation was conducted on this JNA0 unit. 16 6.4 Exhibit No. PE-0269: It was determined that a JNA unit was sent back to a Joy repair facility in Bluefield, VA near the date of April 5, 2010. A member of the MSHA accident investigation team recovered it on August 23, 2010. The unit was a JNA0 unit, S/N 50905T0002, P/N 00572110-0020. The unit was later examined at the Matric Limited facility in Seneca, PA, by the team on November 19, 2010. See Appendix A-4, slides 175 through 185, for photographs of this examination. Upon inspection, the unit appeared to have been processed at a repair facility. A Matric Limited tracking tag with the unit showed a received date of April 7, 2010, and a final inspection of April 21, 2010. No MAP cartridge was installed. The unit was powered, and no event log was stored. The real-time clock of the JNA unit was examined. On November 19, 2010, the date and time were compared to UST time, and it was one minute and 37 seconds behind UST, as the JNA0 displayed time was ‘19:02:00’ compared to ‘14:03:37’ from a video timestamp synched to www.time.gov. The manufacturer stated that they serviced the unit on April 21, 2010; their service procedures are reported to include synchronization of the JNA clock to UST. Using these two data points, the rate of drift of the clock of Exhibit No. PE-0269 from April 21, 2010 to November 19, 2010 is comparable to the rate of drift observed on Exhibit No. PE-0164. No further evaluation was conducted on this JNA0 unit. 6.5 Service Reports: The service reports for each of the exhibits were provided by Matric Limited. No repairs relative to this investigation were noted. The service records show the date the unit was built and the last repair date for each of the exhibits: Exhibit No. PE-0164 PE-0165 PE-0173 PE-0204 PE-0269 7 New Date 03/01/2006 04/27/2001 (not stated) 05/23/2001 06/23/1995 Last Repair Date 05/22/2008 08/29/2008 05/13/2008 05/14/2009 04/21/2010 CONCLUSION For Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit recovered from the longwall shearer, the electronic event log of April 5, 2010 was viewed. The last two recorded events on April 5, 2010 on the JNA0 unit were: “ERR Right Handheld Dataloss” and “STS Right Handheld Estop.” These records are an error message and a machine status code. No other events were recorded in the event log for approximately 43 minutes prior to the above listed events. Events recorded in the JNA0 event log are time stamped. In order to determine the actual time that events on April 5, 2010 were recorded in the Exhibit No. 17 PE-0164, JNA0 unit’s electronic event log, a time drift analysis was conducted on the system clock of the JNA0 unit. At standard laboratory temperature of approximately 20 ºC, the system clock was drifting at a rate between 0.49971 and 0.4824 seconds per day. Assuming that the environmental conditions of the JNA0 unit before it was delivered to the A&CC were constant, the rate of drift of the system clock would be constant. This means, if the drift was constant from April 5, 2010 until the measurements started, the actual expected time and date for the last “STS Right Handheld ESTOP” event, as recorded on the JNA0 event log, was between 2:59:32 PM and 2:59:38 PM on April 5, 2010. Functional testing was conducted on Exhibit Nos. PE-0164 (JNA0) and PE-0165 (JNA1) on a Joy shearer test panel which mimicked the functionality of the shearer installed at the longwall. The purpose of this functional testing was to ensure that machine control system events monitored by the JNA system are properly interpreted by the JNA system, the proper actions were taken by the JNA system, and the appropriate events were properly recorded on the JNA0 event log. During the functional testing, machine functions were initiated by Exhibit No. PE-0238, Model TX1 remote control unit after being restored to working order. Events were stored in the Exhibit No. PE-0164 (JNA0) event log when expected. The functional testing indicated that Exhibit Nos. PE-0164 (JNA0) and PE-0165 (JNA1) functioned as expected. Attempts were made to view the electronic event logs of additional JNA control units recovered during the accident investigation. No event logs were stored in Exhibit Nos. PE-0173, PE-0204, or PE-0269. . 18 APPENDIX A-1, PHOTOGRAPHS (JULY 20, 2010) Photographs taken underground by the MSHA investigation team during the recovery of Exhibit Nos. PE-0164 (JNA0 unit) and PE-0165 (JNA1 unit) at the shearing machine installed at the mine. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit display, as seen through window of middle bay of main controller Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit, middle bay of main controller enclosure (enclosure cover removed) Foreground: Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit, being removed from main controller enclosure; Background: Exhibit No. PE-0165, JNA1 unit Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit, without protective cover so that cable connectors may be removed Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit, being placed inside protective case Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit, inside protective case with connector cover installed Exhibit No. PE-0165, JNA1 unit, inside enclosure with Exhibit No. PE-0164 (JNA0) unit removed Exhibit No. PE-0165, JNA1 unit, with cables connected on reverse side of unit Exhibit No. PE-0165, JNA1 unit, being placed inside protective case 19 APPENDIX A-2, PHOTOGRAPHS (JULY 23, 2010) Photographs of the procedure of the viewing of data on Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit, at the Joy facility in Franklin, PA, on July 23, 2010. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Exhibit No. PE-0164: Overall case of JNA0 Unit in Box Exhibit No. PE-0164: Overall case of JNA0, Bottom Exhibit No. PE-0164: Overall case of JNA0, Top Exhibit No. PE-0164: Case opened of JNA0 Exhibit No. PE-0164: JNA0 Unit on Table (Removed from Box) Exhibit No. PE-0164: Side view, showing MAP Cartridge still installed Exhibit No. PE-0164: JNA0 Unit with Backplate Removed (Bottom Angle) Exhibit No. PE-0164: JNA0 Unit with Backplate Removed (Top Angle) Exhibit No. PE-0164: Back of Backplate (Removed from JNA0) Exhibit No. PE-0164: Shot of Projector Screen and Laptop Screen (Showing the Official Time) 11. Exhibit No. PE-0164: JNA0 during boot-up Slides 12 through 141: Exhibit No. PE-0164: JNA0 Event Log 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Parameters JNA System Parameters Optional Features Optional Features Optional Features Parameters Optional Features 2 Parameters Overloads Overloads Parameters Motion Parameters Time Delays Time Delays Parameters Event Logger Parameters Machine Position Machine Position 20 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176. 177. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. 188. 189. 190. 191. 192. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198. 199. 200. 201. 202. Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Parameters Parameters Speed Control Speed Control Speed Control Speed Control Parameters Speed Control 2 Speed Control 2 Parameters Transducers Main Menu Main Menu Histograms Left Haul Temp Histogram Main Menu Main Menu Meters Meters View Hourmeters Meters Main Menu Main Menu Overloads All Overloads Overloads LH Pump OL Main Menu Machine Switches Main Menu Motor Circuits Pump Logic Left Cutter Logic Right Cutter Logic Main Menu ESR Circuit Dataloss Logic ESR Circuit ESR Logic Main Menu 21 203. 204. 205. 206. 207. 208. Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Exhibit No. PE-0164: Automatic Control Main Menu Remote Station Status Lights Picture of MAP intact with cover on JNA0 Unit Back in Pelican Box JNA0 sealed in Pelican Box under Evidence tape 22 APPENDIX A-3, PHOTOGRAPHS (AUGUST 11, 2010) Photographs of the procedure of the viewing of data on Exhibit No. PE-0204, JNA0 unit, at the Joy facility in Franklin, PA, on August 11, 2010. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: Exhibit No. PE-0204: JNA0 Unit in protective case with original seal JNA0 Unit inside protective case connector side of JNA0 Unit with Matric repair tag close-up of MAP socket of JNA0 Unit close-up showing connectors of JNA0 Unit close-up showing connectors of JNA0 Unit connector side of JNA0 Unit, with additional repair tag connector side of JNA0 Unit; two Matric repair tags JNA0 Unit, initial start-up screen JNA0 Unit, start-up sequence JNA0 Unit, start-up sequence JNA0 Unit, start-up sequence JNA0 Unit, start-up sequence JNA0 Unit, start-up sequence JNA0 Unit, main menu JNA0 Unit event log JNA0 Unit event log JNA0 Unit event log JNA0 Unit main menu 23 APPENDIX A-4, PHOTOGRAPHS (NOVEMBER 19, 2010) Photographs of the procedure of the functional testing of Exhibit Nos. PE-0164 (JNA0) and PE-0165 (JNA1), and the procedure of the viewing of data on Exhibit No. PE-0269 (JNA0) at the Matric Limited facility in Seneca, PA, on November 19, 2010. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. JNA Test Set-up Area Input-Output Layout Chart Vertical Shot: Test Panel With Labels Vertical Shot: Cables/Wiring Test Panel Test Panel Components (JNA Test Set-up) Test Area Shot Joy Demo JNA0 Test Screen Joy Equipment Set-up (JNA Screens) Joy Demo JNA0 Test Screen Joy Equipment Set-up (JNA Screens) Joy Demo JNA0 Test Screen Joy Equipment Set-up (JNA Screens) Panel Labels Control Panel Labels/Buttons/Handles Control Panel Labels Vertical Shot Labels on Control Test Panel Vertical Shot Labels on Control Test Panel PE-0165 JNA Evidence Case (JNA1) PE-0165 JNA Evidence Case Open PE-0165 JNA1 – Tag/Serial # PE-0165 JNA1 – Tag/Serial # Close-up JNA Unit Tag PE-0165 JNA1 – Tag/Serial # Close-up JNA Unit Tag PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Screen – Start-up Joy Symbol PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Rt Trm VFD Communication Restored PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: ESR ON – Screen PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Cutter Feedback (Screen) PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: WRN LtVFD No Amps Reported (Screen) PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Screen Display SYS INBY LostComm PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Pump Motor On Screen PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: ERR LCutter Start False Amps Screen PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: SYS Inby Lost Comm With Outby Screen PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: ERR Methane Monitor Interlck Screen PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: ESR Off Screen PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: ESR Off Screen 24 32. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Display 33. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Display 34. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 35. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 36. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 37. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 38. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: DataLoss Screen 39. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 40. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: DataLoss Screen 41. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Screen 42. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 43. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 44. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 45. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 46. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Screen 47. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: DataLoss 48. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 49. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 50. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Outby Screen 51. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Outby Screen 52. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Outby Screen 53. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 54. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 55. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Outby – Screen 56. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 57. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Restored Screen 58. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Outby 59. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 60. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Outby – Screen 61. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 62. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: 63. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: ERR No 110VAC – Screen ERR No 110VAC – Screen Pump Motor On Screen Pump Motor On Screen SYS Inby LostComm Screen SYS Inby LostComm Screen ERR Left Handheld ESR OFF Screen ERR Left Handheld ERR Stuck Button Left Side ESR OFF ERR Stuck Button Right Side ESR OFF Pump Motor On Screen Data On DeSelected – ERR Right Handheld Both Stations Disconnected Right Cutter Jam Overload SYS Inby LostComm With SYS Inby LostComm With SYS Inby LostComm With Tram Right – Screen Tram Right – Screen SYS Inby LostComm With Tram Left – Screen Rt Trm VFD Communication SYS Inby LostComm With ESR OFF – Screen SYS Inby LostComm With ESR ON – Screen Pump Motor ON – Screen Pump Motor ON – Screen 25 64. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Pump Motor ON – Screen 65. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Pump Motor ON – Screen 66. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: SYS Inby LostComm With Outby 67. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: SYS Inby LostComm With Outby 68. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Left Pump Overload Clear – Screen 69. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Left Pump Overload Clear – Screen 70. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: ESR OFF – Screen 71. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Pump Motor On 72. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: SYS Inby LostComm With Outby 73. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: SYS Inby LostComm With Outby 74. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Pump Motor On 75. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: LH Cutter OL – Screen 76. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: SYS Inby LostComm With Outby 77. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Left Cutter Ovrld Clear In 235 78. PE-0165 JNA1 tested with Joy Sample JNA0: Left Cutter Ovrld Clear In 220 79. PE-0164 Evidence Case – Closed 80. PE-0164 Evidence Case Open 81. PE-0164 Joy Tag – Metal Close-up S/N 56602AH003 82. PE-0164 JNA0 Unit In-Case 83. PE-0164 Joy Screen/JNA Unit 84. PE-0164 Start-up Screen 85. Joy Sample Remote Control Receiver Unit 86. Test Panel Controls 87. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR OFF – Screen 88. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR OFF – Screen 89. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ERR LCutt – Screen 90. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Pump Motor On – Screen 91. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ERR LCutter Start – Screen 92. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Pump Motor On – Screen 93. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR OFF – Screen 94. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ERR Methane Monitor Interlck (Screen) 95. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR OFF 96. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Remote Motor Start – Screen 97. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR ON – Screen 98. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ERR No 110VAC ESR Feedback 26 99. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 100. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 101. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Amps Reported Screen 102. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 103. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 104. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 105. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 106. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 107. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 108. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: – Screen 109. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: – Screen 110. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: – Screen 111. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: – Screen 112. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: – Screen 113. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: – Screen 114. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: – Screen 115. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Screen 116. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Screen 117. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Screen 118. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 119. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 120. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 121. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: – Screen 122. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Screen 123. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Screen 124. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 125. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 126. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 127. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR OFF – Screen Pump Motor On – Screen Pump Motor WRN LtVFD No SYS Inby LostComm With Pump Motor On – Screen SYS Inby LostComm With Pump Motor On – Screen Pump Motor On – Screen Pump Motor On – Screen ERR Right Handheld DataLoss ERR Right Handheld DataLoss ERR Right Handheld DataLoss ERR Right Handheld DataLoss ERR Right Handheld DataLoss ERR Right Handheld DataLoss ERR Right Handheld DataLoss ERR Left Handheld DataLoss – ERR Left Handheld DataLoss – ERR Left Handheld DataLoss – Pump Motor On – Screen ERR Right Handheld DataLoss Data On Deselected – Screen ERR Right Handheld DataLoss ERR Left Handheld DataLoss – ERR Left Handheld DataLoss – Data On Deselected Rite Side Both Stations Disconnected 3 Phase Ac Amp – Screen Right Cutter Jam Overload 27 128. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 129. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 130. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 131. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 132. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 133. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Present 134. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 135. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 136. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 137. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 138. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 139. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 140. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 141. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 142. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 143. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 144. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 145. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby Screen 146. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 147. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 148. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 149. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 226 150. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 151. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 152. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 153. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 154. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 155. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 156. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 157. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Outby 158. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 159. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 160. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: 161. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: SYS Inby LostComm With Remote Motor Start – Screen Pump Motor On – Screen WRN LtVFD No Amps Reported Tram Right – Screen Rt Tram VFD Off: Current ESR ON – Screen SYS Inby LostComm With WRN LtVFD No Amps Reported SYS Inby LostComm With Tram Right – Screen Tram Right – Screen ESR ON – Screen ESR ON – Screen ESR ON – Screen VFD Trip Cleared – Screen ESR On – Screen SYS Inby LostComm With Pump Motor On Screen Pump Motor On Screen SYS Inby LostComm With Left Pump Overload Clear In ESR OFF Left Pump Jam Overload SYS Inby LostComm With SYS Inby LostComm With Pump Motor On SYS Inby LostComm With Rt Pump Overload Clear In 225 SYS Inby LostComm With Rt Pump Overload Clear In 30 ESR OFF Left Cutter Ovrld Clear In 240 Left Cutter Ovrld Clear In 225 28 162. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: SYS Inby LostComm With Outby 163. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Pump Motor On 164. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR ON 165. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: STS Right Handheld Estop 166. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR ON 167. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: Pump Motor On 168. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR OFF 169. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR OFF – Screen 170. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ERR Right Handheld DataLoss 171. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: STS Right Handheld Estop 172. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ERR Right Handheld DataLoss 173. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR OFF 174. PE-0164 JNA0 tested with PE-0165 JNA1: ESR OFF 175. PE-0269 Evidence Box: JNA Unit – Closed S/N 50905T002 176. PE-0269 Evidence Box: JNA Unit – Closed S/N 50905T002 177. PE-0269 Box Open – Showing – JNA Wrapped in Plastic Inside Box 178. PE-0269 JNA in Plastic Bag 179. PE-0269 JNA on Work Bench 180. PE-0269 JNA Joy Tag 181. PE-0269 JNA Unit Serial #’s 182. PE-0269 JNA Unit #’s Close-up 183. PE-0269 JNA Unit on Bench Table Top 184. PE-0269 Matric Tag - Close-up 185. PE-0269 Matric Tag - Close-up 186. PE-0164 Evidence Case 187. PE-0165 Top of Case – Evidence 188. PE-0165 Evidence Case – Different Angle 29 APPENDIX B - EXHIBIT NO. PE-0164 EVENT LOG Event log of April 5, 2010 for JNA0 Unit, Exhibit No. PE-0164, with recorded event times corrected due to time drift analysis. Recorded Time 4:53:03 4:53:40 4:53:40 4:53:45 4:53:45 4:53:45 4:53:53 4:53:53 4:54:28 4:54:28 6:18:51 7:30:41 7:30:42 9:24:05 9:24:07 9:38:15 9:38:16 9:50:59 9:51:00 9:57:48 9:57:50 9:57:53 10:43:14 10:43:38 10:43:40 10:43:44 10:43:46 10:47:36 10:47:38 10:50:40 10:50:43 10:51:17 10:51:20 10:51:21 10:51:22 10:51:22 10:51:24 10:51:24 10:51:29 10:51:36 10:51:39 10:51:48 Earliest 0:59:56 1:00:33 1:00:33 1:00:38 1:00:38 1:00:38 1:00:46 1:00:46 1:01:21 1:01:21 2:25:44 3:37:34 3:37:35 5:30:58 5:31:00 5:45:08 5:45:09 5:57:52 5:57:53 6:04:41 6:04:43 6:04:46 6:50:07 6:50:31 6:50:33 6:50:37 6:50:39 6:54:29 6:54:31 6:57:33 6:57:36 6:58:10 6:58:13 6:58:14 6:58:15 6:58:15 6:58:17 6:58:17 6:58:22 6:58:29 6:58:32 6:58:41 Latest 1:00:01 1:00:38 1:00:38 1:00:43 1:00:43 1:00:43 1:00:51 1:00:51 1:01:26 1:01:26 2:25:49 3:37:39 3:37:40 5:31:03 5:31:05 5:45:13 5:45:14 5:57:57 5:57:58 6:04:46 6:04:48 6:04:51 6:50:12 6:50:36 6:50:38 6:50:42 6:50:44 6:54:34 6:54:36 6:57:38 6:57:41 6:58:15 6:58:18 6:58:19 6:58:20 6:58:20 6:58:22 6:58:22 6:58:27 6:58:34 6:58:37 6:58:46 Event Sys Power Reset Testing Current Sensors… Tram Cntl in Normal Ops Mode Left Tram VFD Comm Restored Right Tram VFD Comm Restored SYS Inby Lost Comm with Outby Current Sensor Test - Passed Both Stations Disconnected ERR Stuck Button Left Side ERR Right Handheld Dataloss ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Left Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Left Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Left Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Left Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Left Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected 30 Recorded Time 10:51:50 10:51:54 10:51:59 10:52:00 10:52:06 10:52:08 10:52:10 10:52:12 10:52:17 10:59:57 11:01:18 11:01:19 11:03:05 11:03:06 11:03:24 11:03:46 11:03:48 11:04:02 11:04:10 11:04:14 11:04:39 11:04:46 11:04:55 11:04:56 11:05:44 11:07:03 11:19:00 11:29:01 11:29:32 11:29:53 11:30:00 11:30:33 11:30:39 11:30:42 11:30:44 11:30:47 11:30:49 11:30:51 11:30:53 11:30:54 11:31:10 11:31:11 11:39:41 11:39:42 11:40:02 11:40:22 11:40:41 Earliest 6:58:43 6:58:47 6:58:52 6:58:53 6:58:59 6:59:01 6:59:03 6:59:05 6:59:10 7:06:50 7:08:11 7:08:12 7:09:58 7:09:59 7:10:17 7:10:39 7:10:41 7:10:55 7:11:03 7:11:07 7:11:32 7:11:39 7:11:48 7:11:49 7:12:37 7:13:56 7:25:53 7:35:54 7:36:25 7:36:46 7:36:53 7:37:26 7:37:32 7:37:35 7:37:37 7:37:40 7:37:42 7:37:44 7:37:46 7:37:47 7:38:03 7:38:04 7:46:34 7:46:35 7:46:55 7:47:15 7:47:34 Latest 6:58:48 6:58:52 6:58:57 6:58:58 6:59:04 6:59:06 6:59:08 6:59:10 6:59:15 7:06:55 7:08:16 7:08:17 7:10:03 7:10:04 7:10:22 7:10:44 7:10:46 7:11:00 7:11:08 7:11:12 7:11:37 7:11:44 7:11:53 7:11:54 7:12:42 7:14:01 7:25:58 7:35:59 7:36:30 7:36:51 7:36:58 7:37:31 7:37:37 7:37:40 7:37:42 7:37:45 7:37:47 7:37:49 7:37:51 7:37:52 7:38:08 7:38:09 7:46:39 7:46:40 7:47:00 7:47:20 7:47:39 Event ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Right Handheld Estop Data on Deselected Left Side ERR No 110 VAC ESR Feedback Left VFD Overcurrent Trip VFD Trip Cleared STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop ERR Right Handheld Dataloss STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop Both Stations Disconnected STS Right Handheld Estop ERR Right Handheld Dataloss STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop Both Stations Disconnected Both Stations Disconnected STS Left Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Left Handheld Estop OVL JAM Warning - RH Cutt 31 Recorded Time 11:40:41 11:42:56 11:42:57 11:44:14 11:44:19 11:44:36 11:45:07 11:45:31 11:45:32 11:45:59 11:46:04 11:46:27 11:46:57 11:52:05 12:54:01 13:00:53 13:35:53 14:02:46 14:08:10 14:08:34 14:08:48 14:08:50 14:09:13 14:09:33 14:10:43 14:10:54 14:11:03 14:11:27 14:11:52 14:12:02 14:12:03 14:12:12 14:12:28 14:12:32 14:12:37 14:16:51 14:16:52 14:17:05 14:17:06 14:17:06 14:32:32 14:45:18 14:45:20 15:07:59 15:18:47 15:18:47 15:33:07 Earliest 7:47:34 7:49:49 7:49:50 7:51:07 7:51:12 7:51:29 7:52:00 7:52:24 7:52:25 7:52:52 7:52:57 7:53:20 7:53:50 7:58:58 9:00:54 9:07:46 9:42:46 10:09:39 10:15:03 10:15:27 10:15:41 10:15:43 10:16:06 10:16:26 10:17:36 10:17:47 10:17:56 10:18:20 10:18:45 10:18:55 10:18:56 10:19:05 10:19:21 10:19:25 10:19:30 10:23:44 10:23:45 10:23:58 10:23:59 10:23:59 10:39:25 10:52:11 10:52:13 11:14:52 11:25:40 11:25:40 11:40:00 Latest 7:47:39 7:49:54 7:49:55 7:51:12 7:51:17 7:51:34 7:52:05 7:52:29 7:52:30 7:52:57 7:53:02 7:53:25 7:53:55 7:59:03 9:00:59 9:07:51 9:42:51 10:09:44 10:15:08 10:15:32 10:15:46 10:15:48 10:16:11 10:16:31 10:17:41 10:17:52 10:18:01 10:18:25 10:18:50 10:19:00 10:19:01 10:19:10 10:19:26 10:19:30 10:19:35 10:23:49 10:23:50 10:24:03 10:24:04 10:24:04 10:39:30 10:52:16 10:52:18 11:14:58 11:25:46 11:25:46 11:40:06 Event OVL JAM Trip - RH Cutt STS Right Handheld Estop ERR No 110 VAC ESR Feedback Both Stations Disconnected STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Left Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop Both Stations Disconnected Both Stations Disconnected Both Stations Disconnected STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop Both Stations Disconnected STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop ERR Right Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Right Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Right Handheld Estop ERR Right Handheld Dataloss Both Stations Disconnected ERR Right Handheld Dataloss Data On Deselected Left Side STS Left Handheld Estop 32 Recorded Time 15:33:08 16:37:24 16:37:25 17:25:56 17:26:20 17:26:21 17:30:43 17:42:09 17:42:10 17:50:52 17:50:54 18:09:56 18:52:39 18:52:41 Earliest 11:40:01 12:44:17 12:44:18 13:32:49 13:33:13 13:33:14 13:37:36 13:49:02 13:49:03 13:57:45 13:57:47 14:16:49 14:59:32 14:59:34 Latest 11:40:07 12:44:23 12:44:24 13:32:55 13:33:19 13:33:20 13:37:42 13:49:08 13:49:09 13:57:51 13:57:53 14:16:55 14:59:38 14:59:40 Event ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Left Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss Data On Deselected Rite Side STS Left Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss ERR Right Handheld Dataloss STS Right Handheld Estop ERR Right Handheld Dataloss STS Left Handheld Estop ERR Left Handheld Dataloss STS Right Handheld Estop STS Right Handheld Estop ERR Right Handheld Dataloss 33 APPENDIX C – JNA EVENTS HELP TEXT Help text for events recorded in the electronic event log of April 5, 2010, Exhibit No. PE-0164, JNA0 unit. The event log consisted of a listing of machine status codes and error messages. Event  SYS Power  Reset  Event Help Text  EVENT 0001:   The JNA System has had it's power  reset.      If this event seems to happen too  often or at unexpected times, then the  events are most likely caused by a  problem with the wiring of the power  to Unit 0.  Check all wires and  connectors in the circuit feeding  power to the unit.    It is also possible that Unit 0 has an  internal power supply fault that would  produce the same symptoms.  ***** END ***** Testing Current  EVENT 3287:  Sensors  No Help Text  Tram Cntl in  Normal Ops  Mode  EVENT 3436:  The tram system is being controlled by  normal operating parameters.  Both Stations  Disconnected  EVENT 3265:  No Help Text  OVL Sensor  Failed ‐ LH  Pump  Additional Info This event will always be the first  event logged when the JNA system is  powered on.  The JNA system induces a voltage  through a test winding of the pump  and cutter motor current sensor  during JNA system power up. This  event indicates that the test has  been started.   This event will not always occur on  JNA system power up ‐ it is  dependent on the position of the  station selector switch and if the  left/right radio is powered.  EVENT 3590:  This event indicates the Left Pump  An unexpected reading from the Left  motor has failed the current sensor  Pump motor motor current sensor has  test. The Left Pump will be disabled  occurred. Please check the current  until the circuit is corrected.  sensor's circuit.  If connections seem  to be correct, consider replacing the  current sensor.  34 Event  OVL Sensor  Failed ‐ RH   Pump  Event Help Text  EVENT 3598:  An unexpected reading from the Right  Pump motor motor current sensor has  occurred. Please check the current  sensor's circuit.  If connections seem  to be correct, consider replacing the  current sensor.  OVL Sensor  EVENT 3606:  Failed ‐ LH Cutt  An unexpected reading from the left  cutter motor current sensor has  occurred. Please check the current  sensor's circuit.  If connections seem  to be correct, consider replacing the  current sensor.  OVL Sensor  EVENT 3614:  Failed ‐ RH  An unexpected reading from the right  Cutt  cutter motor current sensor has  occurred. Please check the current  sensor's circuit.  If connections seem  to be correct, consider replacing the  current sensor.  Current Sensor  EVENT 3288:  Test ‐ Failed  No Help Text  Current Sensor  EVENT 3289:  Test ‐ Passed  No Help Text  Left VFD  Comm  Restored  Right VFD  Comm  Restored  Additional Info This event indicates the Right Pump  motor has failed the current sensor  test. The Right Pump will be disabled  until the circuit is corrected.  This event indicates the Left Cutter  motor has failed the current sensor  test. The Left Cutter will be disabled  until the circuit is corrected.  This event indicates the Right Cutter  motor has failed the current sensor  test. The Right Cutter will be  disabled until the circuit is corrected.  This event reports the results of the  current sensor test. The JNA system  has deteceted a problem with the  current sensor, current sensor to  JNA wiring or the JNA units. The  failed motor current detection circuit  will be identified by individual  events. This event reports the results of the  current sensor test. The JNA system  has detected that all current sensor  circuits are fully functional.  This event indicates the initial  comms link to the Left VFD has been  established.  EVENT 3460:  The communication link from the left  tram inverter to the JNA control  system has been restored. All possible  causes for the loss of communication  have been cleared. EVENT 3461:  This event indicates the initial  The communication link from the right  comms link to the Right VFD has  tram inverter to the JNA control  been established.  system has been restored. All possible  causes for the loss of communication  have been cleared. 35 Event  SYS Inby  LostComm  with Outby  Data on  Deselected  Left Side  Data on  Deselected   Rite Side  STS Left  Handheld  Estop  STS Right  Handheld  Estop  ERR Left  Handheld  Dataloss  ERR Right  Handheld  Dataloss  Event Help Text  The Inby JNA System has lost  communications with the Outby JNA  System.      If this event seems to happen too  often or at unexpected times, then the  events are most likely caused by a  problem with the wiring of the Line  Coupler.    Check all wires and connectors in the  circuit between the JNA Unit and the  Line Coupler and between the Line  Coupler and the high voltage 3 phase  lines and ground.    It is also possible that there is an  internal failure in the JNA Unit that  contains the interface to the Line  Coupler.  EVENT 3263:  No Help Text  Additional Info This event will always be shown  when the JNA system is powered on  if outby comms are down.  EVENT 3264:  No Help Text  Indicates right radio detected when  station selector is set to left only.  EVENT 3252:  The data from the Left Handheld  dropped out for 0.5 to 1.5 seconds. It  is assumed that estop caused this data  dropout  EVENT 3256:  The data from the Right Handheld  dropped out for 0.5 to 1.5 seconds. It  is assumed that estop caused this data  dropout.  EVENT 3253:  The data from the Left Handheld  dropped out for more than 1.5  seconds. This is assumed to be a  dataloss.  EVENT 3257:  The data from the Right Handheld  dropped out for more than 1.5  seconds. This is assumed to be a  dataloss.    Indicates left radio detected when  station selector is set to right only.        36 Event  OVL Jam  Warning ‐ RH  Cutt  Event Help Text  EVENT 3613:  The right cutter motor is nearing a jam  trip.  Be aware that a jam  trip may  soon occur. For more information,  check the pages in the OVERLOADS  menu.  EVENT 3611:  The right cutter motor jam overload  has tripped.  EVENT 3637:  The right haulage motor is nearing a  jam trip.  Be aware that a jam  trip may  soon occur. For more information,  check the pages in the OVERLOADS  menu.  EVENT 3635:  The right haulage motor jam overload  has tripped.  EVENT 3180:  The 110 volt AC signal supplied by the  ESR relay has not been received by the  JNA control system.  The ESROn  command has been turned off.      Check the wiring from the ESR relay to  the JNA control system.  Also check  the ESR relay to ensure that it is not  faulty.  Additional Info   VFD Trip  Cleared  EVENT 3480:  The left variable frequency drive has  tripped due to an overcurrent  condition.  EVENT 3483:  No Help Text  ERR Stuck  Button Left  Side  EVENT 3254:  A Button press was detected while the  left station was powering up.  This condition is reported by the VFD  ‐ JNA receives a trip bit from the  drive and will simply display this  message. This message indicates that a VFD  trip bit is no longer being receive  from the VFD.   OVL Jam Trip ‐  RH Cutt  OVL Jam  Warning ‐ RH  Tram  OVL Jam Trip ‐  RH Tram  ERR No 110  VAC ESR  Feedback  Left VFD  Overcurrent  Trip          37 APPENDIX D – EVENTS USED FOR FUNCTIONAL TESTING OF EXHIBIT NOS. PE-0164 AND PE-0165 The events listed below are those that the investigation team asked Joy to simulate. Joy indicated that some of the events were no longer used or the events could not be simulated on the Joy test panel. Therefore, some of the events listed are shaded. The events that are non- shaded or lightly shaded were those that were simulated during the functional test; events that are darkly shaded could not be simulated during the functional test. Event can be generated on Joy test panel Event is no longer used and has been replaced by another event  Event is no longer used and has no replacement or event cannot be simulated on Joy test panel  Item 1 EVENT # 3072 STATUS TEXT ERR PUMP RUN NO ESR 2 3079 3 3096 4 3100 ERR PUMP STARTNOESR ERR LEFT CUTTER RUN NO PUMP ERR LCUTT RUN NO MOTOR AMPS 5 3101 6 3105 7 3106 8 3174 9 3180 10 3200 11 3201 ERR LCUTTER START NO PUMP ERR LCUTTER START FALSE AMPS ERR RIGHT CUTTER RUN NO PUMP ERR METHANE MONITOR INTERLCK ERR NO 110 V AC ESR FEEDBACK ERR LEFT HAULAGE MOTOR RTD ERR RIGHT HAULAGE MOTOR RTD Reply To MSHA Not used in 100173695-05 Replaced by 3180 SEE ITEM 9 Not used in 100173695-05 Not used in 100173695-05 1. Energize left cutter motor 2. Use left cutter current pot to reduce simulated motor amps to 0 Not used in 100173695-05 1. Begin motor start process 2. Simulate motor current before start delay expires Not used in 100173695-05 1. Energize pump, cutter and haulage motors 2. Use Methane Monitor switch on panel to generate methane fault 1. Energize ESR 2. Remove ESR relay from socket Replaced by 3511 1. Energize pump and haulage motors 2. Use left haulage motor RTD pot to increase temp to >180 deg C Replaced by 3511 1. Energize pump and haulage motors 2. Use left haulage motor RTD pot to increase temp to >180 deg C 38 Item 12 EVENT # 3203 STATUS TEXT ERR PUMP START NO ESR ERR LEFT HANDHELD DROPOUT STS LEFT HANDHELD ESTOP ERR LEFT HANDHELD DATALOSS ERR STUCK BUTTON LEFT SIDE 13 3251 14 3252 15 3253 16 3254 17 3255 18 3256 19 3257 20 3258 21 3259 PUMP MOTOR ON 22 3263 DATA ON DESELECTED LEFT SIDE 23 3264 DATA ON DESELECTED RITE SIDE 24 3265 BOTH STATIONS DISCONNECTED 25 3279 26 3280 27 3281 28 3282 LEFT PUMP JAM OVERLOAD RIGHT PUMP JAM OVERLOAD LEFT CUTTER JAM OVERLOAD RIGHT CUTTER JAM OVERLAOD 29 3284 30 3285 31 3327 ERR RIGHT HANDHELD DROPOUT STS RIGHT HANDHELD ESTOP ERR RIGHT HANDHELD DATALOSS ERR STUCK BUTTON RIGHT SIDE LEFT HAULAGE JAM OVERLOAD RIGHT HAULAGE JAM OVERLOAD REMOTE MOTOR START DISABLED Reply To MSHA Not used in 100173695-05 No way to force dropout 1. With radio powered on press the estop button 1. With radio powered on disconnect the radio from cable 1. With radio off, press and hold any button except 2nd/On 2. Power radio on while continuing to hold "stuck" button No way to force dropout 1. With radio powered on press the estop button 1. With radio powered on disconnect the radio from cable 1. With radio off, press and hold any button except 2nd/On 2. Power radio on while continuing to hold "stuck" button Not recorded in event log 1. Start pump motor 1. Place station selector switch in Right Only position 2. Turn on left radio 1. Place station selector switch in Left Only position 2. Turn on right radio 1. Place station selector switch in Both position 2. Turn on left and right radios 3. Turn off left or right radio 4. Turn off the remaining radio Not used in 100173695-05 Replaced by 3587 SEE ITEM 42 Not used in 100173695-05 Replaced by 3595 SEE ITEM 46 Not used in 100173695-05 Replaced by 3603 SEE ITEM 49 Not used in 100173695-05 Replaced by 3611 1. Start Pump and cutter motors 2. Increase simulated motor current to 282 amps Not used in 100173695-05 Replaced by 3627 Not setup to simulate 3627 on panel Not used in 100173695-05 Replaced by 3635 Not setup to simulate 3635 on panel Not recorded in event log 1. Set Optional Features.Remote Motor Start to 0 2. Energize ESR 3. Press and hold 2nd + Halt buttons to attempt remote start 39 Item 32 EVENT # 3425 STATUS TEXT LEFT TRM MTRTRQ SHAFT BREAK 33 3426 RGHT TRM MTR TRQ SHAFT BREAK 34 3450 35 3451 36 3475 LT TRAM VFD IN CURRENT LIMIT RT TRAM VFD IN CURRENT LIMIT LEFT VFD OVERVOLTAGE TRIP 37 3476 RIGHT VFD OVERVOLTAGE TRIP 38 3480 LEFT VFD OVERCURRENT TRIP 39 3481 RIGHT VFD OVERCURRENT TRIP 40 3483 VFD TRIP CLEARED 41 3586 OVL THERMAL WARN. LH PUMP 42 3587 OVL JAM TRIP - LH PUMP Reply To MSHA 1. Energize pump and haulage motors 2. Verify that haulage motor freq is greater than Speed Control 2.Breakage Low Frequency (default = 25) 3. Set the left haulage motor current greater than 10 amps and less than Speed Control 2.Shaft Break Lo Setpt (default = 50) 4. Set the right haulage motor current greater than Speed Control 2.Shaft Break Hi Setpt (default = 70) 5. Maintain the above for the duration of Speed Control 2.Shaft Break Timer (default = 20) 1. Energize pump and haulage motors 2. Verify that haulage motor freq is greater than Speed Control 2.Breakage Low Frequency (default = 25) 3. Set the right haulage motor current greater than 10 amps and less than Speed Control 2.Shaft Break Lo Setpt (default = 50) 4. Set the left haulage motor current greater than Speed Control 2.Shaft Break Hi Setpt (default = 70) 5. Maintain the above for the duration of Speed Control 2.Shaft Break Timer (default = 20) Not setup to simulate on panel Not setup to simulate on panel With power off. Connect negative of 9 V battery to X3/pin 2 (negative bus) and positive to TP19 through NO switch. With power on, momentarily close switch. NOTE: battery circuit at bus potential. With power off. Connect negative of 9 V battery to X3/pin 2 (negative bus) and positive to TP19 through NO switch. With power on, momentarily close switch. NOTE: battery circuit at bus potential. Prepare jumper with 33 R resistor. Apply momentarily from center pin of TPX10 or TPX12 (CT inputs) to TP6 (+15 V) or TP7 (-15 V). NOTE: resistor will get hot. Prepare jumper with 33 R resistor. Apply momentarily from center pin of TPX10 or TPX12 (CT inputs) to TP6 (+15 V) or TP7 (-15 V). NOTE: resistor will get hot. Will be generate when above events 3475/3476/3480/3481 clear 1. Start Pump motor 2. Increase simulated motor current to 45 amps 3. When Thermal OL meter reaches 90% warning will be generated 1. Start Pump motor 2. Increase simulated motor current to 48 amps 40 Item 43 EVENT # 3589 STATUS TEXT OVL JAM WARNING LHPUMP 44 3592 OVL THERMALTRIPRHPUMP 45 3594 OVL THERMAL WARN. RHPUMP 46 3595 47 3600 OVL JAM TRIP - RH PUMP OVL THERMAL TRIP - LH CUTT 48 3602 OVL THERMAL WARN LH CUTT 49 3603 OVL JAM TRIP - LH CUTT 50 3605 OVL JAM WARNING -LH CUTT Reply To MSHA Note: This event is hard to generate on the panel without generating a 3587 1. Start Pump motor 2. Increase simulated motor current to just below 48 amps 1. Start Pump motor 2. Increase simulated motor current to 45 amps 3. Thermal OL meter will begin to increase over several minutes Thermal OL will take 4 minutes to clear before pumps can be started again 1. Start Pump motor 2. Increase simulated motor current to 45 amps 3. When Thermal OL meter reaches 90% warning will be generated 1. Start Pump motor 2. Increase simulated motor current to 48 amps 1. Start Pump and cutter motors 2. Increase simulated motor current to 270 amps 3. Thermal OL meter will begin to increase over several minutes Thermal OL will take 4 minutes to clear before cutters can be started again 1. Start Pump and cutter motors 2. Increase simulated motor current to 270 amps 3. When Thermal OL meter reaches 90% warning will be generated 1. Start Pump and cutter motors 2. Increase simulated motor current to 282 amps Note: This event is hard to generate on the panel without generating a 3603 1. Start Pump motor 2. Increase simulated motor current to just below 282 amps 41 APPENDIX E - MSHA PERSONNEL INVOLVED IN THE INVESTIGATION Mine Safety and Health Administration Dean Cripps Kenneth Darby Kevin Hedrick Robert Holubeck Matthew Heightland Charles J. Maggard APPENDIX EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF INVESTIGATION OF A DIGITAL VIDEO RECORDER (DVR) U.S. Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Adm inistration Approval and Certification Center 765 Technology Drive Triadelphia , West Virginia 26059 No¥ember 17, 2011 MEMORANDUM FOR NORMAN G. PAGE Accident Investigation Team Leader ~ FROM : JOHN P. FAINI Chief, Approval and Certification Center SUBJECT: Executive Summary of Investigation of a Digital Video Recorder (DVR) Recovered from Performance Coal Company's Upper Big Branch - South Mine The Approval and Certification Center (A&CC) , as requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page, conducted a laboratory investigation of a 3xLogic Vigil Model DVR-8WM-1 000 Digital Video Recorder (DVR) recovered from a fatal mine explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South on April 5, 2010 . The investigation began with a brief inspection of the DVR assigned the Exhibit Number PE-0004A. The time and date recorded by the internal clock of the DVR was displayed and observed over a period of approximately seven months. This time was compared to presumed accurate time clocks . The rate of change was calculated from this data ; and used to extrapolate the DVR's time on April 5, 2010. This DVR was essentially a personal computer using the Windows XP Embedded environment running specialized DVR software . The DVR featured an internal clock. The length of a time period measured by these clocks can deviate from the length of the same time period measured by more precise means; one second measured by the DVR can differ from one second as measured by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In laboratory environmental conditions, it was noted that the clock did, indeed, differ from that obtained from external sources. Given the tolerances of each time measurement, calculations were made to determine the minimum and maximum rates of drift of the instruments' internal clocks as compared to the time from external sources . The hard drives in the DVR were scrutinized to find the file with the last recorded file time prior to an extended period of inactivity leading to approximately 10:00 PM on April 5, 2010 . The inactivity period would indicate that power was removed from the DVR. It was reported that power was removed from the DVR circuitry by the explosion and was not re-established until after 10:00 PM on April 5, 2010. The minimum and maximum drift rates were then used to correlate the time for that file time to presumed accurate time from external sources. The latest fi'le time was found to be 2:57:00 PM . It should be noted that this was the last file time to be recorded . Due to the method used by the DVR to write files to the immediately disk, the power may have been lost at any time in the one minute period 1 following that time . If the drift was constant from April 5, 2010, until MSHA began taking measurements , the actual expected time and date for the over-range events is 3:01:34 PM to 3:02:50 PM. 2 WEST JARRELLS MAINS .0F16 .UFH .0113 .Ur12 .0F 10 .0F9 46.3 47.8 48.2 45.369EIOX EIX .0816 .01115 .0814 .0813 @0111; .(ml 1 .0810 .089 .0825 {who .08: @0021 00E5 @082 .0131 48.3 40.4 42.1 40-1 40-2 38.2 40.9 40.3 42.9 39.9 40.5 479? 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HCZ 471 51.46486X 545 815 ECU 66.1 . 49:10 413289 424:8 .486 .485 .484 .483 49.392 434181 5466514 679 ?12 D. - - . 4. ?148.9 87.9 49.8 47.6 . . . 0 I -E1 46.7 "1313 555 15014570) .Hn .4A7 .4716 .4A4 .4A3 .4A2 58,00 9 1 444 48.6 432 458 ?112 I 49.4 - - 41.2 - 48.6 46-5 484 527 I -1 7811 7 I i @6027 @6626 @6025 @6624 @6623 @6022 @6621 @6620 @6019 @6618 @6015 @6014 @6613 @6012 11mm 61mm 8799 87925 879/ 11/60 11/9: .434 417m @762 @761 @6635 163134 16633 .4 ?60? 39.3 ?$764.4 41.5 42.4 44, 2 44.5 39.2 38.4 37.0 37.4 5F1462.8 48.9 52.4 49.0 50.8 46 0.11sz 38 38.7 44.1 48.8 41.9 41.7 40.9 41.4 48.1 52.8 48.0 51.1 ?@256 47.7 49.5 48.2 33:32 @m @6630 40-4 38.6 38.90 53-4 682 8 7?4 ?81? 1982 @7827 .7826 .7824 @7Fi9 @7117 @7813 @7112 @7110 @716 @711 @6835 39'3 40'2 61:29 136mg 6 333D 39:24 3534 3 339 3:7 232M) 33:19 5:53:17 4:53:16 430:6 49:1 59:3 533:1 9E48.5 9E143.2 44.1 50.3 37.9 50.8 38.8 38.9 33.9 38.6 44.5 38.8 35.9 41.8 44.3 7E4107.4 42.7 46.8 46.6 35.2 47.3 45.9 51,8 59.8 50.3 51.9 00136 ?30151 06m '3 41-6 41.603136 45.50 46.413 44.113 42.513 49.8 42.1 40.0 36.8 37.9 4931? @931 @982 @981 @7827 .7826 .7825 .7823 .7822 @7821 @7820 @7818 @7817 .7816 @7815 @7814 @7815 @7812 @7810 @789 @788 @787 @733 .4114 @783 @702 @6533 00.1154 06W3 061332 @Ob? 00w) @6328 @6826 @0825 @6823 @0322 @6821 @6820 @6819 @9818 (301117 @6816 @0815 @6813 @6812 @681 45.1?391543 62.5w? 50-6 55.7 58.6 53.9 53.3 43-19607156; 43.3 42.8 42.1 48.2 42.2 46.1 42.0 47.2 414726713464 45.2 42.8 46.9 46.1 40.2 45.7 40.0 46.7 4512.33 971,545 48.3 48.2 48.3 454 41.7 40.8 39,5 41.3 42412 05132370 39.0 43.1 37.4 44.4 36.5 41.7 34.5 42.1 5g54wm4g<7 43.1 .8 652. 53,8 ?534 39:3 131m 413:1 62.3)? ?71)26 53:25 Own .7919 5:771?18 59781717 @7016 .7185 @7014 @7013 @7012 @7011 @7010 @709 @708 @707 @706 .705 .704 @703 @702 @701 @6035 @6034 @6833 @6032 @6031 @6936 @6929 @6028 @6027 @6026 @6025 @6824 @6023 @6022 @6021 @6020 @6019 @6018 @6017 @6016 @6015 @6014 @683 16012 @60 556.195. 60.1?1962. 60.709533. . 58.8 . 49.5 61.6 84.8 . . 55.8 80.0 51.6 56.6 49.4 51.6 50.9 45.3 55.8 51.5 47.9 55.4 54.3 55,4 57,1 51.8 58.8 58,2 53.7 58.0 59.6 55,2 48.2 54.3 53.2 62.2 68.0 70.3 85.4 58.0 @963 @962 @9191 ?3/027 .7126 070,22 .?7Cl8 ?7 1 mm" 6 7612 7611 7C10 AX) 77' 7C4 7C3 0C54 (5650 '7 4mm . 4m ..m2. 0/916 (3?le (37914 00?? 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EXTENT OF FLAME NONE ne Map Show mg Exte?t Of Flame, LOCATION OF COLLECTED MINE DUST SURVEY SAMPLES, . 53.6 INCOMBUSTIBLE CONTENT (PERCENT) TRACE AND RESULTS OF COKING AND INCOMBUSTIBLE I?combust ble Comte?t, and Coke CONTENT ANALYSIS. 17E14 SAMPLE NUMBER (INTAKE AIR COURSE) SMALL Upper Big Branch Mme South 0 LARGE ?7 13F18 SAMPLE NUMBER (RETURN AIR COURSE) . EXTRA LARGE LEGEND Performance Coal Company Scale 1?=200' MSHA ID NO. 46?08436 A MATCH TO MAP #1 97.617 5.2 7F16 7 55.3 56.5651 15516 97.514 77.9 54 7 0L @1313 61.6 - 0916 ?mx 54-2 ?510 ?51s 0014 @1312 @?63 63.5 68.2 80.1 - 00.15); 13513 ~61] 51.14 1.. @1316 51'? 5 68.50 @8101 69m Gm 78514 72.0 78.2\ 7 8 76.3 ?312 20 ?019 1118 ?1317 815 66 1 69.5 7} 0.1930 @1111 @616 ow 61w 69W 69% 6329:; 7% 6:95 6:9 1 0L13 5 4 a . . . ?514 67 9 68 9 6 9759 7 - - 57.466020); 54.6 ?12 75.7 7 . 5 El 1 68.8 V58.413010X ?358 65'0 -1: 6 6602/ 9026 69623 9024 @623 69022 69021 5:937 556210 7:9: 58.0 r, 76.7 56.9 54.4 51.9 60.3 7163.3 57.0 57.0 96 WDS 71.5X . if 1 BB 80.5@ 6293040 69% 69324 <95? 93% gm @520 659:18 647181 59 15210 669.7 99:? 75" 767 70-2 9E4 62.2 62.6 65.9 59.4 51-0 66.1 - 15 00614 06613 10 57.3 67 1 .716 67 1 662691121310 :c 7069.8 697124 9AA 69622 69AM 69AM 69?? DAD 5 1,111 - 89?4 92 51 0 61.2 65.4 70.6 64.5 61.2 56.9 60.3 64.5 61.4 0 @011 3 001? 12 001111 0047.3 57.7 44.3 53.1 579 em . 5x 74 0953 70.1 WW 7137 64.6 6 7 ~52 6606314 06313 01531 001111 00E10 063 .2 54 8 969' 68.6 87.965 3923 97619 50.8 50_4 554 53,8 55,0 51,5 786 785x 83 89703 -51 70.4 726.3282 SF21755.7 69.6 73.0 73.6 50,0 55,2 684 \\60.6 - 91.1 . 5 06014 06D 3 10D12 06011 16D10 0609 [561)8 \160 7 16D6 16135 1603 16131 92F23 QFZZ 97621 9620 9:519 9618 9H7 9516 @515 59.2 67.8 65.4 58.0 72.7 68.5 66.8 6778? 65.3 63.1 67.0 81.9 78.4 80-8 86.8 84.1 89.0 87.0 82.0 85.7 87.5 77.4 58.5135C7X . 58.2 SE21X 5 130"?? 130912 06?? 13?? 06% 0606 16C5 1604 {bij 9601 @7623 9622 @1121 3520 5519 SEIS @7517 9:515 69.6 62.3 63.8 67.8 67-3 60.1 71527 166979sz 68.4 73.5 70.6 66.9 74.5 76.5 78.3 76.9 80.1 72.8 76.6 87.3 73.0 33,2 5 061314 008 3 061512 061311 061311) (3689 @6138 06137 1686 1653 0684 @683 06m @6131 31323 3022 31.121 3020 9019 SD15 9:117 9016 SD13 51.7 53.0 51.0 57.2 57.3 61.9 59.8 62.2 62.4 64.1 63.6 57.0 57.6 61.9 60.3 64.8 74. 72.8 65.6 69.8 66.3 66-0 71.0 48.9136 71.0 5C21X 5 06AM 06A 3 06/112 061-111 96A10 (301W ?3vo @6115 mm @6143 00.42 @5141 903 51:22 51:21 5C20 5C19 3C17 5C16 9215 44.5 48.5 44.5 49.8 55.7 47-9 59.1 50.1 47,2 52,3 54.5 529 55.2 56.0 52.6 53.7 8259.8 63.1 65.6 61.9 64.0 59.7 //62.8 58.6 5 91322 3521 51320 9319 BBIS 51317 I 61516 5315 5 - 4.5 66.5 65.1 55.7 63.4 62.5 62.2 7656- 5.4.22 59.6 @514 75.7 81 79.5 76.369314X 69014 77.4 @514 76.7 69.614 67.4 @1314 56.5 883.13114 ?1114 711901544566 @014 75.8 722 901m 5114 64.2 76.66B14X 911514 68.3 (91:15 75.7 @1113 81.0 @613 84.3 69513 85.0 @1513 79.3 @1315 61.9 gt? 95.2 @513 87.6 ?1113 68.3 9'01: 60.3 (31313 67.3 @1112 52.9 @012 55.4 78.23CIZX (9612 73.4 53.36Blzx (91312 66.0 C9A12 73.5 @1112 53.3 (31:12 58.8 ($17216 @012 45.9 58.9 OCIZX @012 60.9 58.86312X @612 64.3 @1111 73.1 GUM 78.0 @011 77.9 @1111 76.4 GU11 76.5 @011 71.4 @1311 66.8 @510 66.6 86.6C9D10X @1310 79.6 @Cu) 7 63.8 73.93BIOX @1310 78.9 (61110 63.0 PARALLEL OLD NORTH MAINS @119 68.5 (369 81.2 @139 80.1 @419 76.9 OLD NORTH MAINS ?1110 77.26535X2 @510 90.9 @1110 89.0 @1110 86.2 GCIO 64.1 @139 68.0 919 94.1 91-39 92.9 609 77.0 969 57.3 7966ng (988 40.8 41 .93W 6A8 32.5 9?08 54.7 65.60 5st 9% 92.2 93.3 6ng 9E8 64.1 @0393 QUE 92.6 @115 65.6 @137 68.6 @117 78.3 60.2 C9137 68.7 62.5 9?67 76.1 @117 93.0 @137 66.7 72.7 3C7 77.9 (656 62.6 60.6C9D6X (9136 77.9 @Cti 81.9 (9156 80.4 71 .73? 69.8 72.9399r 6'1 94.7 @110 .4 67.561382 @116 80.2 68.86C6X GCO 66.9 200? 400? 600? 800? I @133 64.1 53.2 81.8 69 (954 74.6 74 84.56D4X (9?94 84.9 65 82.5 73.86C4X {9?05 (91:4 86.0 80.3 83 @135 (BB4 (9 71.1 73.1 75. (9A3 @714 68.6 74.8 62 9'65 71 .6 55.9 68. 58.2OF4X 910 914 Gb 95.5 92.2 93.: (3'55 @114 97.4 98.0 98. OD4 9'1 82.5 86.2 733? 9' 53. 53.6 17E14 13F18 EXTENT OF FLAME INCOMBUSTIBLE CONTENT (PERCENT) SAMPLE NUMBER (INTAKE AIR COURSE) SAMPLE NUMBER (RETURN AIR COURSE) AMOUNT OF COKING CO (DO NONE TRACE SMALL LARGE EXTRA LARGE LEGEND Scale 1?=200' MAPPING NOTES LOCATION OF COLLECTED MINE DUST SURVEY SAMPLES, AND RESULTS OF COKING AND INCOMBUSTIBLE CONTENT ANALYSIS. APPENDIX M'ne Mop Show'ng Extent of Flame, Incombust'ble Content, and Coke Upper Big Branch Mine South Performance Coal Company MSHA ID No. 46?08436 2H: 0_ 2 200? 400? 600? 800? E: l? I 2 73.0 81'56Ayg?oc433 79-466 71.16D3 C9F3 {gm 69.2 72.0 @112 . 79.3 . 739(9sz 585 Gm @132 65.2 60.983392 70.76A2 92.0632 6C3 6C2 83.3 58.7 C983 (932 75.9 53.1 (gm 62.7 68.1 65.9 @113 (362 68.1 81.3 633.0 93.3 2755.137: 93'1 QC. 70.36 56.6 85X 9'83 (3P4 ?34 60.3 98.0 97.9 9% (3 . 74.06DZX 91-4 .5). 639.5 6C4 (3-63 962 55-2 49.7 86.8 77_3 67.2 -34 6C3 GU 98.18D5 92% ORTA 53.7 597 ?csx GDSX 74.18D5 83'3 91.5 76.1 @193 74.2 Gm" 92.4 78.3 -U no r)2 Fr; 90.4 gm] 2 84.9 7 58'1?mx 7 .1 95.8 668.2 35> A4 B4 2 64.00 93.50 9 :?El 76.56C3 61.3 62.3 55.96A3 646C333 965093931003 5) QCSX 52.4 61.0 52.5 75.5 ELLIS PORTAL 68.6GBZ 75.50? 40.1632 96809949602 @11 0H1 63.3 70.9931X 9G1 72.9 66.6(3El GCIX 59.5 (D 79.0 49.88A1 49.chBl 984031934001 031); GCM QDIX 23 44.7 80.4 76.9 52.8 AMOUNT OF COKING . . EXTENT OF FLAME NONE Mme Extent Of Flame, 0 LOCATION OF COLLECTED MINE DUST SURVEY SAMPLES, . 53.6 INCOMBUSTIBLE CONTENT (PERCENT) TRACE AND RESULTS OF COKING AND INCOMBUSTIBLE l?COl?? bu SJEI ble CO?te?t, Cl ?d Coke 17E14 SAMPLE NUMBER INTAKE AIR COURSE SMALL . . .. . pper Ig ronC Ine OU 1) LARGE . 13F18 SAMPLE NUMBER (RETURN AIR COURSE) . EXTRA LARGE LEGEND Performonce COOI Compony SW6 1 =200 MSHA ID NO. 46?08436 APPENDIX AA RESULTS OF PROXIMATE ANALYSIS TESTING LabNo: 201101053-001 Date Rec'd: 411412011 Dal8 Sampled: 812012010 Sampled By: • to STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. 8451 River King Drive 812012010 Freeburg, IL 62243 CLIENT ------------------- Page:1of3 Date: 411812011 MINE SAFTY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION 12:08:52 PM P.O.#: DEPT OF LABOR 1100 WILSON BLVD ROOM 2432 ARLINGTON, VA 22209 ATIN: CLETE STEPHAN Sample Identification SAMPLE FROM GLORY HOLE SEAL SAVE ALL UNUSED REMAINING SAMPLE TO BE RETURNED TO CUSTOMER LBS S02 I MMBTU As Rec'd 1.21 %Moisture %Ash %Volatile 1.62 26.55 29.43 26.99 29.91 Dry Basis BTU I LB. %Sulfur 42.40 10854 0.66 43.10 11033 0.67 % Fixed Carbon M-A-Free Method 15112 D3302 D3174 D3175 D3172 D5865 FREE SWELLING INDEX (D720): ASH FUSION TEMP. OF ASH (DEG F) Reducing Oxidizing D1857 INITIAL SOFTENING HEMISPHERICAL FLUID HARDGROVE GRINDABILITY INDEX ( D409 ) ........... @ %Moist. Chlorine 06721 Dry Basis ug/g = ****** Mercury 06722 Dry Basis ug/g = *****" Note: '''''INDICATES ANALYSIS WAS NOT PERFORMED The analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the client's direction, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the best judgement of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories,_ Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysismay not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered Respectfully Submitted, D4239 LabNo: Dale Rec'd: 201101053-002 • 4/14/2011 ---------------- STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. 8451 River King Drive Dale Sampled :_4_11_41_2_o1_1__t_o__ 41_14_1_20_1_1_ __ Freeburg, JL 62243 Sampled By: CLIENT ---------------Page:2of 3 Date: 4/18/2011 MINE SAFTY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION 12:08:52 PM P.O.#: DEPT OF LABOR 1100 WILSON BLVD ROOM 2432 ARLINGTON, VA 22209 ATTN: CLETE STEPHAN Sample Identification TAILGATE CHANNEL SAMPLE - 80' OUT BY THE SHEARER BETWEEN CROSSCUT 46 AND 47 SAVE ALL UNUSED REMAINING SAMPLE TO BE RETURNED TO CUSTOMER LBS S02/ MMBTU As Rec'd 1.25 %Moisture %Ash %Volatile 2.23 6.82 32.81 6.98 33.56 Dry Basis % Fixed Carbon BTU I LB. %Sulfur 58.13 14010 0.88 59.46 14330 0.90 15405 M·A-Free Method D3302 D3174 D3172 D3175 D5865 FREE SWELLING INDEX (D720) : ASH FUSION TEMP. OF ASH (DEG F) Reducing Oxidizing D1857 INITIAL SOFTENING HEMISPHERICAL FLUID HARDGROVE GRINDABILITY INDEX ( D409) "'**"""@ %Moist. Chlorine 06721 Dry Basis ug/g = """""" Mercury 06722 Dry Basis ug/g = """"*" Note: •••••INDICATES ANALYSIS WAS NOT PERFORMED The analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the client's direcUon, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the best judgement of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories, Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysismay not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered Respectfully Submitted, D4239 Lab No: 201101053-003 Dale Rec'd: 411412011 Dale Sampled :411412011 Sampled By: • to STANDARD LABORATORIES, INC. 8451 River King Drive 411412011 -------------------- Freeburg, IL 62243 CLIENT --------------------- Page:3of 3 Date: 411812011 MINE SAFTY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION 12:08:52 PM P.O.#: DEPT OF LABOR 1100 WILSON BLVD ROOM 2432 ARLINGTON, VA 22209 ATTN: CLETE STEPHAN Sample Identification HEADGATE CHANNEL SAMPLE TAKEN NEAR MINE DUST SURVEY LOCATION 11EI SAVE ALL UNUSED REMAINING SAMPLE TO BE RETURNED TO CUSTOMER LBS S02 I MMBTU As Rec'd 1.19 %Moisture %Ash %Volatile 1.77 7.98 32.77 8.12 33.36 Dry Basis BTU I LB. %Sulfur 57.48 13890 0.83 58.52 14140 0.84 % Fixed Carbon 15390 M-A-Free Method D3302 D3174 D3175 D3172 D5865 FREE SWELLING INDEX (D720): ASH FUSION TEMP. OF ASH (DEG F) Reducing Oxidizing D1857 INITIAL SOFTENING HEMISPHERICAL FLUID HARDGROVE GRINDABILITY INDEX ( D409) ""'"'""'@ %Moist. Chlorine 06721 Dry Basis ug/g = ****** Mercury 06722 Dry Basis ug/g = """""" Note: ..... INDICATES ANALYSIS WAS NOT PERFORMED The analysis, opinions or interpretations contained in this report have been prepared at the client's direction, are based upon observations of material provided by the client and express the best judgement of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Standard Laboratories, Inc. makes no other representation or warranty, expressed or Implied, regarding this report. This Certificate of Analysismay not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Standard Laboratories, Inc. Invalid if altered Respectfully Submitted, D4239 APPENDIX AB ROCK DUST CREW NOTEBOOK APPENDIX AB ROCK DUST CREW NOTEBOOK CONFIDENTIAL PCC so mum U, ll JULIA 43957 'c?g 3 NC 282 dun Lf 5 aw? erwu? #3 6a CONFIDENTIAL ~~-~7-•--vr(O.~: -- -'~---------------~----------------------~------- "\~~ :\)vS~e:L -~---J -~DfM.._, ~a\ .;2_ ~ rt,> ::::;jill!illt---------""-~~:b ..~v4cl 1 j)v.S~---~ eli'...\- ~~W(\ AG.~\ fV 1 j o.\- ~\e~ed__Q~~- ~ '"""'-~=-t-___,-.:=--'~-"-~'--=.::"'-"-'---'--"-'-,..,-------~--~n~~ ~------_-----'--""'' O'lcLJ~>-~k,___~od._J\:E?f'd _(~~ -· ;t•' bcft~S ~~~---:-hn~i._\t.a~~~,,-_--l'JJ~~~~~i__~w~-c.~-" ....h_<--s. 1 _Q}r-~~e__ 411111________ v:-:t_~_n.L~e..s. 7_=_dr____ -s~~ ~-~JI\._,._ ____~';\_,~_;s~_tA~tk:e ~----- --~-kl.~-:~---~~~s~~V\_~b~ R-~~r=i~---- CONFIDENTIAL PCC-MSHA00070920 y??w?aggw_ be. ,5 ?510u??w?, a m; ?Qw?xmi .. 3.. A 5190 :333&3? imam? .Wwf?bn?} aways. Wm. @8in $93, \wA??mxWig?u?mia?. r? .. . .. Wh?w? mrwua?p. EM .. 2? W333ii?? .Eisawe?d?aEMM ii. diww?m?v?z??n?ig . .ii?amwsa . a A a? NHLA 5?1. I cor? . i. mu- ,w?ysie? my us?r t-swgk?l. s4 9477??! +0 45?: (it 335% 5 L953: Mbus} 954 ?7 x; mam 3t? ?am?g?qj (Dd - (*0/77 Mlle/V ?oiiecwmaioc?wha: waning? W. if??2 mg?fgwaf nym?rr? A m. TL, (Em/(c vb 4 3-:ls-to ~-~~-~---~-----·-_-_ _ . . . . . .--.Jito£ . . . . i1~LL._H~~~--Mo-.5~. _):,._ :s.~±-.v~ · ••.~m~'-\he=-t;-•--••·-•·••••••··••~'\·•· -a--~········I..=='·-~-"-\_____c._as..~~-~-~u....~J-~'\. rt":\, __ . . 6. . . . . . . ·········· CONFIDENTIAL PCC-MSHA00070923 Nags. axyh?ym xx 43$ g? a h?i. \Sowx REM 9M . . Mum?th . . .. gh?gi\Ewcmw?g?y 9? mm?, ,3 03.. w/ a mu LMCQ i 50 \??lvvn LyigJQ Oh; ?50 Addy?, gmpgu 1% APPENDIX AC BELT EXAMINATION BOOK (4/1/2010 TO 4/5/2010) . 5T!-9-I§T£LJ . 4-.1-ID . . /' •, EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS ~:EhMPANY >~kfotlmAMte MINE U Be> !DCATION 11/FJtJP?A , ' Post Office Co/'ll · w-vc··•·•· ·','" - . . (' ' <<; U~clntMiblc DATE PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Pencll or Ink tf-1-lt/ D&y SHIFT: ON-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes ~o_ By Whom i~ ll/c-f£r;«dfizk~:Ek>v,~IIDme 1.: 31} AMo@ _,e.~~~ Report received by: Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS 'ff//5 If ElliS 5 AMO® AMoF/!J_TO 3:oo PRE-SHIFT EXAM. 1:J.:r2t2 AM OR PM AMORPMTO ./~ /),.., "'"11/eed, 1 Alo S.o,-n': ""' "'•t:cf ldt,l6-ek A/t:t:dl /)urted 1 .. / 1/' /(;'; / *FIRE RUN< <· COUNT SIGN PRESHIFT EXAMINER .· . I NORTH N0.2 I I. '·· NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 /ll'e~~ 'J NORTH N0.5 NORTH N0.6 /ldd;:l:o-vA !''"'d '1-fu~:otoA I'Vueh' £Jw_~../. .I \ lrooA!:. NORTH N0.7 i IJiw:u.iJ.ill/1/ /1/e~d< 1/.,d.,.tf GLORY HOLE f)-.8bx -r /1-.;nP~ d/c v' SH S\\ 0 ~7 7&.lJN0.2 A/. 7/;_,! Nee/$ A//. ~0 r/.. ,;.v, . .·.·. c·.·'·i····· dw,~t~ c~;/ '.'. ·.·. . ···;·. •; ·. ····•······.···••···· ~ .__.. -:r-/"'J .· ...· •i . ;.···.·.· · · · · ·.· · · •·•' :s····· •..· •· · ·.· . .·. T .. ; · •.. ,. #; . 11/utl.r cult!. clt'.#~~>w"' _.. " J.. J 6vtJ~f<,iv., 1 .A J :Tdd . :•'.·...• ; ·. . J '/JJ/ A/J"ttPJ ~.nA-i c.fe&wd -r /), d~d .. · . ·...0···. .· ;.·.·······.·,···· ... /liJ/'£ ·.· li. .·.· ,/ 4;?!£ 7(;-l:lNO.l -'- /J. ~- .J ,k>(..' .... I1';'\ . . '·. ,, ' ......-·.,. . i ··.·· ·• > ' ·. ·• .· ~· · . ' . *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS I ..· ... •• .. (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: 0%C#'~ J..~.ff%(Lzy~ ~ cd 6,pJe ~-::_'-, ~ :.' ; of=e.x-F?/YI l&?veiwd~ 1{/Ad'.,c Cent'""~ 04K~ chn,.e&if;es t2k d f,n,e V, ·~uAI checK C 0 moM ·tMr 0 /C d- -& i->, e ~ ex-4...,.., rzl r#eXI?P"L- ·,. ·. · · ·.. .. ··.·· . . . . ·. ·. . c •. ··. ·· ... .,;)giN\ t!J{j_ SIGNED BY: Rr. .$ g,_· tlt /5,-:pp,.. ---z;;;zz. ~ .Mine Foreman 4654~JW ,~/i_[)~JI:J~, ~lt Examiners and Certific~t6Nurnbers COUNTERSIGNED BY Printing & Office Supplies .··.· .?.Zv>~ f'&£ili~ l-1-. 1 3'15l.''J ""' /.I; ?L-/9 B~-7''~~~:.:; ~ b/7l _ _o_d ·,333:~ Certificate No. ·. Superintendent ·.. -· C~rtiflcate No. I ~ · Use Indelible Pencil or Ink ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS AMORPMTO. AM OR PM PRE-SIDFT EXAM . .Was this report phoned to ontside Yes__.No__ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ __c__ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _ _~AM or PM Report received by:._ _ _ _ _ _- - = - , - - - - - - - - - Signed BELTS ACTION TAKEN NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 'NORTHS COUNTERSIGNEDBY_-;z:;;_,. ..c:_·-'..L-·7-4~· ..<~>'"'"'"".•·""·~"" ... =:-...--c---'-cc-c:--•3.:423.LTa ll01'"1£(')~e/~ ~ f\ecJ<: 5./k-. -I C In A- >PC 7'" -- <;J. ·. <() PRE· SHIFT EXAMINER .Jc.J..d . Gu - NORTHN0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTHN0;4 NORTH N0.5 NORTH N0.6 NORTH N0.7 -J,.Y-{';1-AJ., GLORY HOLE ~N0.1 . 0 <¢~ kA'rl\,0 GU'. lc,u o. !:h. :lw..J . t,u· . 1\-e.,o ~<:. c .t>Al " \n A- ·,;) -f> {) i-~.1:' J. . . '-. !'>--ePA"' (), ,1.:.-:;,Jl' \ · "SS .. ' ,- .. >-s .· "Q.'"'..\"" o .. s.-1-f,J - . ' I n-ee is--- A- ~X. ~ted.vx~I'VI i\eeJ,- ~o"+ I' C..'~'"'"f t,. . .. . . ..- Of'":te ;_ ·().{)eN ()"' "'-1{)_ C) i<., SPo~ c.l. "'- J -t'dv:SV cis () .c+e.:::' T ,..: I M ..PA~ "!JJ c /, 1\t>-e -1\ GJ.;l~ \ "..,p~'S. A~ A <" \ .I!. I\ l""- .f'> __, Dus4-e.d . ·. ' . ~s j~ 1'\-eeJ<; r~N0.2 .. .. •. -- .· • Ts ~(' COUNT SIGN *FIRE RUN ''" . ;,----o --~ ~ -- ~,. ' .... ·.• ' . '---- .---- _. - ·.. : {_ .. *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: - - - - - - - - - - - . a:; u. 'I' COUNTERSIGNED BY OZ' c 0 ;) 0• :§.2 0 2.:....:- ~= < _-< Mine Foreman 46543-BJW Printing & Office Supplies 3',,. DATE U-HO SHIFT: {; U £_ Yl2iJ AMOR@TQ c:fM AMORPMTO AMORJ@ AMORPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. ON-SIDFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to ontside Yes__ N.,k By Whom·~--~--,--------Time,_ _ _ _ _AM or PM Report received b y : ' - - - - - - - - - ; - ; ; - - , - - - - - - - - - Signed BELTS A,CTION TAKEN INT. SOUTH I ' NORTH I '' NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 Cl NORTHS C/_,4-,e-cJ j k:;u 74// ~ -\-lryreJ ' NORTH6 ~u ' NORTH7 ' NORTHS GLORY HOLE ,. LBBNO.l .LBBN0.2 ' / ', SIGNED BY: '''' ' ' > ~~ ~ /f?'?/;L BeifYam:iJieTs and Certificate Numbers Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY ~ .&----: Mine Foreman Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate No. I I ! I P&ij~S!f~T EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS. Use Indelible Pencil or Ink lj-)_-(o DATE SIDFT: o._,.,_J , AMORPMTn 'AMORPM <'5:oo ON-SIDFT EXAM. fM:bRPMTO: §<.eo, ~oRPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_NoL_By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time,_ _ _ _ _.AMor PM . Report received by: _ _ _ _ _ _= - - : - - - - - - - - - . s ... . '> Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZA]IDOUS BELTS l/h1/J a,, ...~ .1 lfl,..,.- ds J/.,?<) / _..., /. - PRESHIFT EXAMINER CJ *FIRE RUN -:~' ____....... &J /-r- dv-JI.c.d ... COUNT SIGN I NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 ...,_ NORTH N0.4 liJr,),. + a-~ct. NOR!I'HN0.5 II/,., ,.cf_s ..S"vo·i ~ b""' NORTH N0.6 /)-et<-d5 NORTH N0.7 j;I%.£D5 S'/-('1 CJ ·'1rr&- sA:dc.fe~ cL ./ _,LJ .~ - cu --1 -c o- t-P...A-. v, (;;(/ d-' <>-- Ads/;""' cTs .· v J iTS .. .. ·. LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 J . ' J *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS . (ITEMS NOT AHAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: =-'----"-"-----'----~-.,------'--- (}?f:h'/ / B 7,~·. ~f'? -· -·· -~ · .· '"'" 465~BJWPclotiog OfflooS"PP~'" ·. · · Mine Foreman •·;,...;;;:;:;~}/5"A;uperintenWw:, ~;:;;~ ... COUNTERSIGNED BY & IR~.rJ!J~ 1536~/1 _ _. •.• • .. . ·I .. 7 ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use IndeJible Pencil or Ink ii-.J-<"v, t' ' PATE ow( SHIFT: TO .? .,a OM OR PM ON-SHIFT EXAM. / ('QCJ AMORPMTO, AM OR.tP' AM OR PM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. , <\vas this report. phoned to ontside Yes_.-.No:V By Whom,c.·--"--------'----'--Ti!lle:_ _~-~AM or PM ,. ,, Rliport received by.;c-•- - - - - - - - = , - - - - , - - - - - - - - - - s·•gned ':·:·.- BELTS SOUTH ACTION TAKEN tl!/// •II . NORTH 1 /5/l/ NORTH2 -l .-/, .Ap-(j I · .r ... _../ 4 k c, ·. /14A!I J.ec. NORTH3 NORTH4 NORTH5 NORTH6 . Cl.-£o. NORTHS ·. > "'"' I J /, LBBNO.l .. /::Justf.. ' .. /. / . at/ ·. ;r, ! • .. . I . I .• ..· ., Gv Gv c,v ./.,((_ " · '· ~L.l<> NJ!O> 77 .., '· '" ./1/Jd ;;::' :1 . ;.·· '.··· .·· ·.··. ·• .· .. · . ... ' •· -J-c~* I r1 ··. ' . . .A- J c:;;, '/~ NORTH7 LBBN0.2 .· , / . INT. ..,/.. • . /oJ/K.(i_ ,.·· ..·.. ··. . . . . . .. ··.·.. ·. . ···. R,·"' b I.IJJI-<' IVA• R,..u . •. '· .. •Jr.;;- . • ' . . .· .. ,_,,, __ _ COUNTERSIGNEDBY ~ . Mine Foreman 4654a-:-BJW Printing & Office Supplies . •· ' ·.. _.' . ·'3':ll5$ Certificate· No. Certificate No. UHC: PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Indelible Pcncll'or Ink DATE AMORPMTO I :J.:oo AM OR PM ON-SffiFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__bo_ By Whom_L?Z, :Ke Report received by: /li3 1../ f.JJ;.s S· · Time AM o~ '2 .' :217 gf«Y'?&, .,#,~ Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HA:I;ARDOUS BELTS f f/£w, C k AMaR@fO 3':oa < AM a~ PRE-SffiFT EXAM. IVa-Ne 06.sc-~ved ""- / .:;~_,-t , c!. '+-/Jwf,.,.[ "MiiJVed/ldd. NORTH N0.2 EXAMINER PRESHIFT A'a V" f.< f., ·C COUNT SIGN ./ *FIRE RUN .. . NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 "'"- , .5Ll?i. NORTHNO.S .r_ J. L l'f6· Sf+ SH ~tl .I?A>,ve -/J15rA~~, ~..J. (l lonll(l> A ~0 • f/,.u~th~ ~ N'~ ~ ~J- (II:.. · ..1 lj...l:>ud·.., ..1 NORTH N0.7 /1/.e~~· /l. ,~.AI 1 hu c:\-o .I t'OJV; ~'AI! . l~t GLORY HOLE ~ .J.. .JJ- /?.. "" L)k . 7{,C:.22_NO. 1 /1/e.,..w.., A / . _,_ ·.. M\. NORTH N0.6 '"'.. . . . V7 . #~.,,,s AJ' L/t..-ct!_,;v,. ' ~ \. .. . i ,/; iJ ./ ,,:_," \ .· .. \. '\. . M.~ ·I ... .!J I 1/t...!:l:t #j ..... · · M M.£ ,/ · ,/)· ;;. J\tt: . ,/·. Mt·. HI_( /)., ./_ 0 . .. ,•· ·.· •· *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND ,VACATIONS r.~· (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: ~----'-----'----'----~- (}%!;#~ :2().8% t2ry ~~ Ct2 d -6,-_e e¥= e~ W~AX7 &we-e Ce..,.zf~ .0-BCJX-:--r; c~r t2k V:j.,J(,l/ C&ed f/1 mcw,Ut!?.-f 12k d z!;_,;.ne ¥- e-&9....,...,~ c( COUNTERSIGNED BY~ ·46543-BJW Printing & Office Supplies A?6- 6,--,,.,e cj ex~;Y\.. -~ Mine Foreman 'J31#· Certificate· No. , Superintendent Certificate No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use IndeJHile Pencil odnk DATE .4::-a-;-/a.•<·· SHIFT:L/Ay .. , AM OR PM AMORPMTO PRE-SHIFT EXAM . ··.. ,- Was this repor?J!h!>ri~Jto outside Yes__ No__ By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time.~_ _ _ _.AM or PM Report received ACTION TAKEN NORTH4 NORTHS NORTH6 All Mine Foreman Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use lnd~l\bJe Pencil or Ink DATE SHIFT: f._VL · lf..;2-(0 AMORPMTO ~~ AMORPM AMORQ'O. \L'O L(.-/..- II ~ GLORY HOLE (J,.,..PJ .,.- 0-~aY lr::_~O.l 1r~N0.2 ~ ) _1,.0· c. \..) (..; _·. Jr · c ! .. ' . ~ . .1\ a_flr..- 5 ';..,:/,./.,. . _1\_ /' . -.· __ •...·_-- ·.- .. 1\e e.,./5 /r.Jd. 0 ._ _- "'s+."'"' ·•._;) ...-. _. . .. . .... . .C. I-t c,;>J. -jj.. l l'vG -·. . ·-- - wC.. • \ ' ... _·._· ..·_ . . .· _--_ i *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUC'fiON SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS .. _... _-_ (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: -----------~- O€Cf..Lf oz COUNTERSIGNED BY -46?43--BJW Printing & Office ·. - SUPPlies co .::t.a, n ere.. £,~.d -y-' Mine Fo~_w_an::-::. ,~ ,_,. , ·. -,_,_., d· ""','."'"<''J,•. c-Certificat~ No. Superin~endent Certificate No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use IndeJible Pencil or Ink ,,,;.;._ DATE W:-£0 SHIFT: Lf.7f £.aci·AMOJ®>TOPG..o AMOIQI>I i ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMORPMTO PRE-SHIFT EXAM. ~ Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ AMORPM, ~___1~y Who....__ _ _. _·.c·_·--~_ _ _ _ Time._ _ _ _~AM or PM Report received by:_~-------,o;;---,--------­ s·•gned BELTS ' ,' .· ACTION TAKEN INT. .' £ ff,·ss kA,; \ e~ cf,..Me ~ o" CJ. o\:>'o e d ,J T;; ;' / ( "" if-(\ 171 -' ~ ~ l 0 I.J llur. '::., ; ' ~<1/(:1{ '-' NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 NORTHS NORTH6 1\. NORTH7 ',: •'· . NORTHS GLORY HOLE . : .• . ·. ·. ,· ·.· ' '. : LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 i' .. . '·.· : c '·. ' •. ' .. ·.• . ' ·. ·... .: : rs) Pu~VV +--- LJG ' .we Ct" ' .__/ t-/ J . I J Lt- ' \ ?b..ve.r . I acl.s Acld Ov s-1: /I.e.. . ~ v./0 v· '' '• .·. 4, *FlRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS ·... ·j '? (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REM.t\_RKS: ·'---'-'-"'---~-"----"----'---"-'-'--'-·':..··._;,_ CJ6 Ct:e ~ 0 2 CO 1 Q< 0•21 ~2 ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use IndeJible Pencil or Ink DATE Y- J-:-(Q SHIFT: 6<.<..1 ~ It 0f)AM0Rp@T0 .iJoo tiMOR PM AMORPMTO ON-SHIFT EXAM. AM OR PM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside· 'Ye.s_._.-. NokBy .Whom~.----------- Time._ _ _ _ _.AM or PM Report received h Y = · - - - - - - - - - ; , : - . , - - - - - - - - Signed BELTS ...:~ '-\•$" . ACTION TAKEN d~ed .(.,.,"'-.-u} \f ;[\1-"s-...:s' .. 6V\ Of\ INT. -1-ri-. (1 c;./ . ·. J ..;/.) Cc &- ovf J, .C ,./{ tA-.'} G.(;) f NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTHS A. ·' .. · A. ilJ. L. rt~ecl P"6c.ov -frr----' NORTH6 (),\~ {::'~ Li ~ NORTH4 ~ . s~"u...t &"' v~.,..... NORTH7 NORTH8 ·.... • . ~u' . f'ir. ·'. I ~~(.. GLORY HOLE . ',··.·. ·. ·. .· . ·. . ' .... ~c.) ~c LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 · ... ·... ·· .. . . . ··•·· . .··· . ·· . . . . ·.. . . ~.·.£.~"'-. ,L,CrzC%:'"'""""·.-<"-'-""'*"'---,---_ '-rH< 3ns::'J- COUNTERSIGNED BY---,c7h'?c . ·. ,_·· · 46543-BJWPrintin!i & Office Supplies ~n:e.·Foreman: Certificate No. Certificate_NO... PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink Jf-3-/0 DATE O&y SIDFT: WilSthisreportphonedtoontside Report received by: . AMORPMTO AMORPM ON-SmFT EXAM. . .'j).//)(J' AMo"c!£i)rO 3:t?d ,'AMo@ PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Yes~_ By Whom kf.4v&.W)$ ~uh.G4tr e;.c_.,.A_. Vt'(MO/cAed' CtJ L'?t?n-,:&c-6 aK. d -£n,~-¥ .~.····. · ·.... ·.·.· · .·.........·. cl Mine Foreman . 465~3-BJW Printing & Office Supplies ! .;fJ,ertificate No.. . ··''·'··· Use Indelible Pencil-or Ink ON-SHIFT Jt~MINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS /!tid @PMT0 3! CJoJ AM~----'--~---"'AMecO"'R"'PMecT"-Q"'--------'---"A"'-M"'OR,_,_P"'-M · ON-SHIFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. '••was this report phoned to ontside Yes__ No~ By Whom~-cc'-----------Time._ _ _~_.AM or PM Report re~~!yed by:_ _ _ _ _ _- = - , - - - - - - - - - - - Signed BELTS NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 . ''J';()RTHS ACTION TAKEN PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil O[" Ink Lf3-/0 DATE £V£ SHIFT: AMORPMTO AMORPM -.- !i:oo ON-SIDFT EXAM. Yl oo'- AMo•€JTO AMO~ PRE-SHIFT EXAM• . .W;~sthis report phoned to outside Yes_ NoL By Whom.~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time._ _ _ _.AM or PM Reportreceived by: _'__· -, .BELTS ~· ·-. Signed , ·~~n ~u,,l AJ'l)) ()THI'R- .. , 1\. '\. "' NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 '\. \. " 1' i ·. --\.\ . .. -·-·· \. . ' c:¥0.1 'No.z "o Pov-Jer ""''"' Pov-~ e...c:' / UI'..,JJ"'I . ' <--;' -.-- tc.u .· ----- --r ··- &E. --J __, w / /<-..-. / *FIRE RUN EXAMlNATION:AFTER LAST ' -· ·.. . BL ' . . ' '' "- ........... ' I~ .. -. ·. ' ·.. . ' .. -- .....,..\ '--"' ;, -- ,,··.•, ' . ... < ...•. ' ' . . ~ ..;\ ~r'<-' r~,~ r3_L. \ . c-.( \ (, (), ., - / .·- '\. \O'.n'h ' HOLE ( ~ ·:~ . I .-"-._ ·-· lcJ. lt:~g~r .· NORTH N0.6 -. ------ -~dc-J NORTH N0.5 --N0.7. -=:r_ ·----- EXAJIUNER .· .· _.,/·'-· 6c... --- • i • .. -········- -··---· >\ S.· ''-- ' ·.- __1."·\ .._, ..\\\ \ Ht)N.:SlUJ2 . ) Superintendent ".;~-. Certificate No. ,·,.-·--- ' ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink DATE Cj-J-l() V£. SHIFT: ( G= AMOR6i)T0 c\>t".:S lAJC.. E'res W(. PRESHIFT COUNT SIGN *FIRE RUN __,-- > ---r' J-.,.---- l~tY! - 86 v-- ' I *FIRE RUN EXAMiNATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: a C/-G( ,m Co I .;)Q,J560? COUNTERSIGNED BY_,_------,-----,-------+-c-~"r- --:~--­ 46543-BJW Printing & Office s~'pplies . /Mirie· Foreman Certificate No. Superintend~nt Certificate No. ON-SHJli'T EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink DATE,__________~SHWT:, _______ 0 AMORPMTO AMOR PMT0 AMORPM- ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMORPM PRE-SHIFT ExAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes___ No___ By Whom_ _ _ _ _~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time._ _ _ _ _.AM or PM Report received by:_ _ _ _ _ _ _= - , - - - - - - - - - Signed BELTS ACTION TAKEN SOUTHl ' INT. ,, NORTHl ' NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 '' '' ' ,, NORTHS NORTH6 ' '' NORTH7 ' ' .:· ' ' •.' NORTHS GLORY HOLE ''. ·• ., " ./ ... ''' ' LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 •• · .. , • ••• . ' ' ' ' ' ·. " ' ' ' ' ,·' SIGNED BY: Belt ===c':::-::=':;:-;b=:-iu::=:="',.-'-""'-'-· "'-"--------~------~------"'-""'-"~----'--.-..---"'-"-c­ Examiners and' Ce.rtificate Number's Belt Exanibu!rs and Ceitificate NUmbers COUNTERSIGNED BY---,-------------.-..--- ---.-'-..------Mine Foreman 46543-BJW Printing & Office Supplies C~rtificate No. · Superintendent . ·\: Certific3te No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink ~ ·-ric7sHIFT:£vc. DATE AMORPMTO AMORPMTO AM OR PM ON-SHIFT EXAM. AM OR PM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_._ No//..By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time._ _ _ _ _ AM or PM Report received by:,-.- - - - - - - c c - , - - - - - - - - Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS t=/_Al;s NO. /1_ """- J",J:.) }J( .r>C..L CL ot /", J EXAMINER PRESIDFT S".;11S 1-/ :s-fi.B COUNT SIGN *FIRE RUN ,__. NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 ~ /)C 'f ~{.J. NORTH N0.4 NORTH N0.5 ~. NORTH N0.6 ;10 C.'s ol'- NORTH N0.7 ,ac. I;L";JJ;p_ - I'\ r·· + b' 4 ox's "iJJ: ::rIll :f/'11$ I...-A4 :;)A,a c.,(~':S-<- A. I} ·~N0.2 /'C:..t b/.14 p_.t. ;J,J .:JfJ ::JrJ <:J.s Tel~. dLORYHOLE ;;li¢ N0.1 , p 'g., ~o.'$ v'- LY jl!$ ., A :rA,..r q}<. - . t/ "7111. C)_s Tl:)]!( - ....- -- ·-.__./ . . .·.· Vl&t..4.2. ·"l _. ·•. ·.·.· . T(;)J..J!: <:J5 iffl/ ,_____) . .• . .· . . ....... . . *FlRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: a"'In c i-1 '1 ~ o'% Co Q1 0 • 'i{ "'6 f(l J;A-J:.r Of, Z:.X{f>-J ---------------~'--------Superintendent 4654~'f·r~r~n§~!f&.·bffice supplies ' . Certificate No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink DATE -f. 1':.; O SHIFT: EvE ___.OJAM"'O"'R'-'P"'M""T"Oc__ _ _.O!AM>'CO"'R'-'P"-M AMORPMTO ON-SHIFT EXAM. AM OR PM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __:__ Time._ _ _ _ _AM or PM Report received b y = - - - - - - - - - , ; ; - - ; - - - - - - - - - . . Signed BELTS ACTION TAKEN ~~.!~ INT. .· ' (;....~ ,._.,~~ . F'u~O.J · .. NORTH2 NORTH3 . . NORTH4 •. NORTHS . NORTH6 ' . ·. NORTH7 I<~-,~ -~- . ' ' - .... .. •.· .. ·· .,'·. LBBN0.2 .. · ·. '• · .. . .. ' '., . ' • .· . ·. ' Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers 465_~~E{Jw Mine Foreman Printing & -Office Supplies . .,,_/ . .· ' . .·,,,,··.. · .. _ ·.' ,, . ...··' GLORY HOLE • . ··. . ... LBBNO.l ·. •. __ ,, ... · ,' - .·. -~- . PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink DATE AMORPMTO AM OR PM 3 Q(J ONcSHIFT EXAM. (f(J;QRPMTO ·: 6 C)··~·@RPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to ontside Yes_No_ByWhom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _ _.AM or PM . Report received by· Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS 7"5.Lks. ff.,C_LL';j · J 4.{ 5-P<;r /. ' /. c.L ' ' ·.· . . j --:;v.· .i.... ' ' . . ..·· ·: .· ' ·. . '': .· . ~: :~'.',~:'" ·::~-:~zr;:;.:·:.·::c..------.------------'------------------------'·'-'··'---· -.;';-:·)'::(; •.:·',· ,rY··~c..-----.----...,.----------------------------- . 1 COUNTERsiGNED BY ' ' .. , . =~-:-.·-.·_:·-::·.--· 46543-BJW ... -·,_:_i:"-:7,""/:':.-.-Mi~.n-.-e-Fo-re_m_an _ _ __ ~rinti~g· & Office Suppli~'¥: ·,:; Ceitificitte NO. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink DATE·~- 5- J{) SHIFT:~ AMORPMTO AMORPM ON-SIDFTEXAM. •• . ~ PRE-SHIFT EXAM. J No_ By Whom Ml \(o.. els IA)ic\( ~-\t ~~~ :nst.7 Time Was this report phoned to outside Yes Report received by· Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZAJ.WOUS ·. BELTS :I tlt:~ ~ '{- KeJ$ " .t '" e -- tlis -::lr c:; ~ed.\; bu.~k EXAMINER h~thhlf<.i J a·, ~t) PRESIDFT SH v- Sl.l ~- AM COUNT SIGN oe *Fm:E' RUN ·I . - . NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTHN0;4. •r- l ; '5Mt{l~,.r~ su cd\t.tsi-e..J ·. tl..- ... !.s ~~~ ~kn.11mJ M-fl ...U.. •• NORTH N0.6 ~ 6~p~ t u..vv '--' f'Ml'--kJ . NORTH N0.7 ·Be\* .C~o. '" ..... ..+_ J 1-tJ'*~f· '~ Soll1 r' l e .... ..r.- A1\11) ".l-.. .l .. NORTHNO.S ·:, ,-_ ,.,>·'N0.1 ~·~" '- Alwl> - OK : ··.r~ ~ \)us\-'Qil fru.\ l.l4>~ cl."' t.J.Pc-•..r-ed J],,N0.2 -Hbd.l SH_ v .SJ-1 v--- . 1&_~- Sl\ / .. l~ GLORY HOLE ~"Ci V-" ......£, . . ' < ' -<;<_ f.J.~ &L-1- t.Ce.>J" ~ tl ..... .,.,J ~ hu!;{J. . M_e . ' *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS . SIGNED BY:'~·~ i11JiiJ, 315l.i , BeiFxaminers anc;I Certificate Nu)llbers '··.. · Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COU!\i~~~~GNED B Y - - - - - , - - . . . . , - - - - _ _ _ _ Mine Foreman 4654~BJW ,Printing & Office Supplies Certificate No. ------,-------Superintendent ---'--~~ Certificate No. · ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Usc Indelible Pencil or Ink DATE.___________,SHIFT:._______ AMORPMTO AM OR PM ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMORPMTO AM OR PM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes___ No___ By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time._ _ _ _~AM or PM Report received by:_ _ _ _ _ _- ; ; ; - - - ; - - - - - - - - - Signed BELTS ACTION TAKEN INT. <·' . ' . ' I NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 ' ' NORTHS NORTH6 NORTH7 . ' .. _ ' . --- . GLORY HOLE N0.1 ' . ··· ..• N0.2 ' ·.·•. ·. . · > ' ' ;,:; ;.i~:/;_iF)/ . J~IG~DBY: •• ..=::· ._ . - · £>~nn 375(.7 BeltExaminersandCertificateNumbers Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY_____________________________ : --Mine Foreman Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate No, APPENDIX AD BELT EXAMINATION BOOK (3/16/2010 TO 4/1/2010) APPENDIX AD BELT EXAMINATION BOOK (3/16/2010 TO 4/1/2010) .. -·,· EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS ''<~r~?#,~~~;~y.: :_ ·-, -.. : ,'~· ··-. . • > -. L coMPANY Pe~ ..(lo"...,_ " c., G:c. p MINE 'n '~ VppeC' lDCATION I JYfv.c ~ Post Office.-c: wv &l~i'cj\..,i 1)/AoNi.. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Time I 0<.(5 AM iirli!M ,L::)-4-. ~ Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDO!JS BELTS PRE· EXAMINER SHIFT Cc/ ~:~:B¥·~ .veeJs O..,.s k.J " ~~-. - _,. .., \..\\;.; -,!}..<'' .• Ne..,.Js SPa·{ CI~<>..M cJ :J.7-JA.,' \-+ 7-.?. tvee.Js C&~ Cv COUNT SIGN *FIRE RUN v v NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 IAk.~u" N@e)5 (' l'""".ec! .o Av<:k A J)~~t> < 1 R••• n<>lff<. • ··-.-. l1Z .o~"'~ ~e_e.J S Qv.s -l-ed NORTH N0.7 cv Gc V' . ...__ ~c... ~s v- L<>1 ' Certificate No:'- · Superintendent . ; ...!..~---· : Certific&te No. ON-SHIFT ExAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS i SIDFT: eM: , C:oo AMOJG.I ' ----j'AM"":"O,_RP':'M':'T':'Q"::::-=::-::--'AM~OR~PO!!_M AMOR(ij)TO J?Q() ON-SIDFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was thiS.report phoned to outSide Yes__ No_)(. By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _ _~AM or PM . Report received by· .... Signed BELTS ACTION TAKEN INT. '-I; " ' NORTJ13 NORTH4 R.i+t\ 0 ~1'; ~ ,-r d Pdv"r+c:J '"'· NORTlfS NORTH6 a./- Or/1!.5, {I ,-{ £). ..{ , /.JPr. ,/ Fb..J ~Ct/e.J . -- ·. ·- cu ' NORTH7 '' ~(/ 1J /r"'- -~ ' GLORY HOLE . ' -- -. . .' ' ' ' ' ~GNEDB~~~~~~~~~~--------------~-----~~~~~----~--------~ .B~lt Examiners arid Cer~~cate Numbers "'·;· ·.. B"'e-;clt;;E"'x-am';,·i,-ne-rs_a_n~d"'C,-erti'::.=r.c""a-=-te"'N""u-m-;--b~.;,..---------'-'----'--~~~."'~;(~-·:L""···.fc...,~--'-"-'~-'-~-'-=----- ~"-. ..... . COU,NTERSIGNEDBY ··; -~e:~W~~_rinting & Office Supplies ' •·. .·. H· . .. ' . . . : Mine Foreman · 3::s::.w1: .,_, Certificate No. Certificate No. Superintendent ··• \ I • • • :." Uselnd~iblePendi DATE PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS orlnk J-b-ro SHIFT: O<-v / AMoRPMTO AMoRPM ·'?cJo ON-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Ye&_ No_·._ By Whom ,P~ R eport receive . dby: PRE-8HIFT EXAM. ~ // rK4jl.i6 , ~. Siened VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS --=';·_ ' ' •.· ' ANf'.l<. ~ .:2 '7 _,;,.., -1 sHiiiT - cu ' NetoJ5 C f PRE· EXAMINER 0--c./e c:/ I 5":? 0 Time il\Vor PM ' " /) · ;L A./UdS @oRPMTO C'C/ s·o~~ K' 'Iii 1::.-' A .-...-,-A- /kl./e {p....;' Cv .. ~{,/ ' NORTH N0.5 w,.,..c-ls Sal-1- Q. .• d. j NORTH N0.6 tVeec-l_s (1 ( J '8/·- TA:I .. J, { \.•.~. _./ WC1 ,..,.r~"';1,? ~;t<.(S ~;NORTH N0.7 Neecis 'L1s/eJ/ 1L IVL ... " NORTH N0.4 fv3:e..J.s 0. .c.l. ' ' .J L tXi.4-/1 .. . ,· -_./-•• _,. ' fY.,pe)S Qvs+.d Or.'..!~~ c.Jo..J 1/.f..,.<"/..,. hw,Uc.. / GLORY HOLE 0-~<>K f'u/W:J rJ f J> we -· - {../. . / w- .. L../' I LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 .JS""c t-/G,);) --;-t J !t 1 &'e_c- R_d).~ 2__ A.,..';,) s a Nee~5 (' C ,/ 7" ~S" .J'""<;-I.e .J . Clo..._ .//' .J vS /..,_cf 0 vs-kJ .· tr5 J) '--"'"'" ----- . *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDIT,iONALA"FI'ENl'IQN} REMAR,I(S: '_.c-''--'-'--'-'-'-'-.----'-----'--'-'---- CJG;" Ct.Y ··. I. ' ecs I -~ C&qws co ..f.OiP2a'2 0-,/{aCeS Tr&JJZ~.s- 'et" I I I I ! · if~TSi . Certifica_te No. Superi:"-tendent Certlficate No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use .Indelible PepcU oa· Ink I sHIFT:Gw 'Jl~O AM ORffJT0'] (i Q Qj)oRPM AMORPMTO:. ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMORPM PRE-SIDFT EXAM. ,X_ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _ _AM or PM Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No Report received by· Signed BELTS . £(/t<; ACTION TAKEN INT• . 'I ·, t ft;:SC). C/.ot;>.~ :.('/7'•. · 3- 7J5r/( AA NORTH2 • c ( .,~. p_J '"7::, I ·I k::'v •. NORTH3 cfAM-e_d v-~ NORTH4 rJ...,."' e J . \.1 -Pb .. NORTHS I ) c r(";Me.J. ~-~;u,. A..o \I ~:.- L tvRt I .L. GLORY HOLE; o .V!;-/.,J_.,~ fYlel). ~ 1 NORTH6 NORTH7 .:? .J,_ ''· e. . . h ~<=....-~J .L "· d)c... ~ ./i. t.t: .J ~:rs ovt 1-\MD AJJ_ Lt. 'Q '· " LBBNO.l ·LBBN0.2 r l ~- ' ·• . . . . ) · ·Be Examiners;.td&rti.t'iCateNumbers COUNTERSIGNED BY 46543-:-BJW ~rinling 8: Office Su~pil&f! ~ _;. .Min·e.J!'o~n ' · suPeri~tendent Certificate No. ·· .. ,. . ·:, . Certificate No. . ... PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible PenclJ or Ink · DATE J /c/OsHIFT~ -'--'---"'AM!UO!!!.R!:J!PM!_!T"'O'-:_ _ ON-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to ouislde Yes 1/' No L?: /.. Report received by: 1/ BELTS ~ ~/. ~.n~ NORTH N0.4 NORTH N0.5 NORTH N0.6 NORTH N0.7 ~,Ld.,-# ,'Z"'J-:-r :h~~..,- J--;u_ A/ec t: A/.. /. ::t. .Y..1 7;; .2.~ A:/ L /. ~~ A. 1 ,U.,6 :r;._.J/. .4/~ _ _,._ ./"" ~.2..2-- "/ ~ "-2 A.JAJ.. /.-.. ~ ~ -7';'../' ::r/,d /7JI. I AM or~ COUNT SIGN .to/ *FIRE RUN . \; ,t/. ''· ~ '. • .1-/" lfN 1.' - S)l- . .r . ::B--H .--_~: . -:r-4/ A ~~ ... A:/ /n PRESffiFT Ifill. --::r# =>A./ ... ~ - .. fZ;.z:?- :J...>o ---- , LBBN0.2 Time ~ he~ .. ~rl.,a~r• .l ~, kl:-1: ~" f'llksl-'~ ..., ~ 'n1/?_,.,- ;~_At '•; - LBBNO.l AMo>6J :r-/..8'. ':x#tS . ~ ; ./?7&~ ./. ..3 •.,(? • ;. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. ;)/9.,8 ~/ /, ~ ~)?LI!··~- ~01} ~~~N_3 t _, ' 1GLORYHOLE A. //o; ;;_:;__ 7 .c:'O.MDRPMT0 EXAMINER " ~.2..7~~ " /Z .• :>.";t.k.-.fJP _/;-_.,/ ~ ·."" ~7. ./ ~/. . / . SiJM[;!OR!iJPM~ I ..7 ,_/ *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS I I I ' .! J ~~-.--· ,y,,j EXAMINATIO~~:=~ CONVEYORS UHlnddlbl•....,dlodnk ~-·. _•. DATE t~-· Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No_ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time. ~- Report received by:. _ _ _ _ _--;s;;::ign::-:e-:;-d- - - - - - - - I ... 3 ·/7·/0sHIFT,,~ '' · AMORPMTO AMoRPM. PRE-SHIFTEXAM. AM or PM . ACTION TAKEN f" c/ei/~~-.~t / U tM,.. ..,_/ f"14· /~ II ?/!f"1£'sP ~ V c-l..~tl ; "f-A,'I ' __ ,_ : INT. .. . . NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 ~A. NORTHS t"'".fi j_rl;/·~~-# /J~ . / • ~-""'· _,.,.A NORTH6 Y~,( r....~ '" ....J 4...0 R.ll. Yf\ud J: 1\D ; • .o NORTHS .:r~ ./c& z.;., c.J.. ...t~ J DtJ'+e.~ e.l"'"'~..l ()1\1' NORTH7. -~~ ,fiJI A C'~.t.wnJ l"lt>;•\l! R"llW'I ~tl·. ·: GLORY HOLE . LBBNO.l ' ' LBBN0.2 P1>1Ve f9cp,.,;.s;; A,JJ, "'""'""r'/llC-/- .r.> "'·!Are 1), 1,1. J:rli.l IR'~.t/" /_,£:), .t"A~ ,../., ., ro-<2. ..J.,., .Of?nle.. 1J..J.~.J_ n~ .Pc !> '7C-2.:Y-t Dur:.-/-/i. I:H11 ...... /162.& . . Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY -:z- ~-· . Mine" Foreman ' Certificate No. Superintendent 46543-BJW .Printing & OH_ice Suppli":s .l . . . PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS · Use Indelible Pfncll or Ink DATE~~-/7 .. /0 SIDFT: C'-'e. AMORPMTO AMORPM. ON-SIDFT EXAM. Wasthisreportphonedtooutside Yes__ NoLByWhom &,·,;&do:.,+ Ti~e,.. ,.,-._ __c_• .•AM or· PM Report received by:_ _ _ _ _ _-=---cc--------Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS .;'1::;\f).s;l?!,~.J .. ~.;t;lf#~~-~ ).JJ,-.r~ e J iwo ~l sr;;r •. ;J,J-•h> ' NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 NORTH N0.5 NORTH N0.6 NQRTHN0.7 r;t.J J r:,). .J - cl.l.'"'"' . f.I.~J. .f")t\{).r/( JV~t.c.f{1J.,J GtJ . c.J. IJ.€.1'Ai .5d>Jt ..f'JJr~ e A . &J viua~ ;;q vill.o 5?/- Za.'l .M'.J -1- t·l..(_.,..,J ll>lf:r J;-- •FIRE RUN .. ·..· _... IJiE.J<.p..:S J ;!J!.J"pJ • Ci.I.A.J -d-il0v5~ LBBNO.l .. J ,. ' J '..:)( '' ' ' J..s. I .. J, i . cT.s t./ ( :;, LBBN0.2 \ .C. Ol~· · .xJJUD.:J GJ v ~fik. .Sr->if .J . - '. '\ .. J J :~ ''·)· --;; . *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTERLAST Pll()DUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS ~. · .. (ITEMS NOT AHAZARn .BUT NEEDING ~~i:mri'IONAJ.,ATTENTII)N) REMARks: --'---'-'--'-'---'--'---'---'----'--'--i c7Z c:-;7 v · Cdc o 2oJ2. oz, ··\,.. · p( 's= (fnJ«"< s o-&ayr:f . . . .··.. · ,!r.#./d~ 6 t: . .. , . ·.· ., ~ ' · ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink ',~· ' ·i DATE 5 ··I )~t D SHIFT: CU(_ U(kz -~. AMoWTO £6o ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMOR@ AMORPMTO '. \ AM OR PM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom_---,7"_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _ _ _AM or PM . dby: Report receive ., . i' Sil!lled BELTS ACTION TAKEN . SOUTH! 'o . .<' • \_,•. ' INT. . ...,.. NORTH! ·-~·.' NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 ', .. NORTHS ( ' /, L> . ./ NORTH6 . ·' J f//.2' ' - "'-<; s'f+ NORTH? NORTH8 .T i.,. Cc/ ' •'\ ~ ·~ - . GLORY HOLE . LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 ' ' . .. . . . . . '· . .-., ' . /'J...A!_a/ SIGNEDBY: ,.~;<',..,.;_;,_ . .Zr/fu - ;:.?/?9-- Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers - ~:';:~ ..,, . ·., Belt Examiners· and Certificate NumberS COUNTERSIGNED BY_ 46543-~ pj:_inlin9 & Office Suppti_es · __,z:;--".~CL·&-4..,· ¥'..¥> .. ....,·d;;z;--~·""M"O"'R"PM!!::T':'O":==,--"'•M<.!O"'RJ:!PM"- AMORPMTO Was ~is report pho~~hutside Yes__ No_·_·_By Whom Report received by: 'II. ..._ AM"ORPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. ON-SHIFT EXAM. Time AM or PM · I/ Signed BELTS ACTION TAKEN ~· r l'P/.ir lkh>'· -r'm: / .). G ~ ,P('j J'e NORTH! .,....., I INT. 5 ~ 11/·e.·· 'tot:' l ~tf. ~ttk. "'o.O. ~ • . ·' . NORTH2 .. NORTH3 ...../' /J.f NORTH4 .B "'"}). " . ~·'il JJ, •. -L1 'fLU .0 ~- .... "- f'l) ])_ v f't/ NORTHS NORTH6 · .. ' ' , ' . ,. NORTH7 NORTHS "i; ' GLORY HOLE .• \ 1" :-·! .. ' LBBNO.l -' " LBBN0.2 8 .rca-c; "'. /)_ / & ~ ·J'MfJILJJ....,.-r. 11 .J'J7¥ "' Ad; tJ.. ,u ,{) r7f. J/ / v ·,·,·. . '· .. ~ ',.. .;,_ SIGNED BY: · . • Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers . ):~ ····. Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers . . COUNtERSIGNED BY_~-E+--"~"'i~-<-'.......,-==-----~. ~sfMine Foreman . · Certificate No. 46543-_BJW Prinling & Office SupPlies. .. ;.···· ... · ----,--7----,-~'---'c'-'--- ~~-'---'---''-- . suPerintend~nt Certificate No.. . ~· ~: .. ;· ·:. ' ,.. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pendl or Ink DATE sHIFT: h~u ~-~~ ·10 AMORPMTO ~ ON..SillFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Y e s b o _ By Whom ~ Report received .-. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. &-z;hh/ /ltckfoad )J/.p;, ./,. A/, 2: I.S AMm-@2 Sioned lAND [;JJ/":5 .s~ Time ·~~.< ~ BELTS I,£t!t:s . 't AMO@ro 3:00 •. AMOQ AMORPM ./. /). _o,_ .L. J A.h ./., r. _,./~ / . , , :J•'>~"Td.·l [C~~ v Rt; /?(; / / :~ EXAMINER ·:~ .. ·._,.> v" NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 .Y! NORTH N0.4 1XJ.~,..;.,a . 7L .I . RG. Sl\ • i:..:& '"''<:. AA...&.l l' Jon .,-; ~[J NORTHNO.S. I NORTH N0.6 NORTH N0.7 ··~ ~~ 17r~-.?NO 2 ;il (;-;}.)._ t.lQ lw._ '!.c,u\- (l}"uroA .&-l\. .rooX<" t\.Lc...l.• J AhA~ f'!,/- J t'J Jo J lh·R.;u-; [it~1-t.ti...l~ ~\o ...-.r.-e\ ,n.. \.\. "'-· d- 0 .. 117¢ P.. 17k . A/. ./, _-;,.,1, ,. /. . A(h , e. .:> >\' J f'j) '. ../ ....."A.8 - S.H A "-- "-4-R 'ol.~ 1--" .....-'.A/7 .-I • I......- . \ ' .. ,/' "J/4& ..v-- '-1- .1),_._. ,t,,.d {liJ_ <-"""' /" cf._ .. / .. ' J_ /" /_ 1./ ~H A .i. ht . .\.. ,/ '. . *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS ~·· COUNTERSIGNED BY ~". ;,.; _;. · · · Mine Foreman "D$5? Certificate No. ~ ..:··.., ·-.... .:; . · Superintendent Certificate No. ON-SHIFT . EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS SHIFT:~ &' :tfOQ••M TO 3 ; Ool AM o@, --------,:":'AM""o""•PM=TO=-=-'-'!!AM~o~·~·M ~ 'l>N-SHIFT EXAM. PRE·SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No_ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time AM or PM Report rece"ved I by· Signed BELTS ACTION TAKEN .5~.,...../--/ · .£1/i'S LJ v- INT• ,h, .. < Elks .5 '· . NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 Itl NORTHS -.I - 1 \/-PI,.,~· 1-htt.t· r.\ .. <:n.lt..l \1-~lb~t..~ NORTH6 /~ ; ;7:;,• / -A .JL 0 ;:5 R~lf £)"~~ 11\u.e! .GLORY HOLE "fG",;eNo.t J,nV r.A ~_Li/ 1i'-2W0.2 f SH l/ NORTH7 b-t?/i/a w,;/1 c..lru.Jg.J ii..S gH .. , -r ..;t-ft _/ ,,,.,,.,· ... '~"' I-f""A Jlb-22.- .- -------0&-=-.--llifh-·...,.-,-----('>_?_o;q_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.'--'-:";~~>i:i';t!:,· elt Examiners and Certifi ate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY < @~ I . MineFo~man . .,,. ~~ Certificate No. Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS · Use Indelible Pencil Of Ink AMORPMTO S'-•o <:) AMORPM ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMOI@TO ) )," C>-~' AM"Ol PRE-8HIFT EXAM. WllS this report phoned to outside Yes__ NoV ByWhom,_ _~-------~-Time._ _ _~~AM or: Report rec_eived by:_ _ _ _ _ _~c:-c;;---------Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELT~, . .1 ~>RTii'J:i9.'f . Nt.ros '10 '-' )1)1{1' D.r s.r->:.r cl.£•:;., c> NORTH N0.4 .... 'iJ~UH ~1..-.w NORTH N0.5 U.i) AJxr.a.s (./i-t. ,:, ~soaY (,J .'1:1->0 ,-~... c;..,.. Di. ."'FD RU v .J ... "• u ••. );; GJ OW~c-.1s'r- v (,U cl.-~•v . .to);:/':C>J . "if {4/t'-<1 Up o- n: NORTH N0.6 N.Ji'tD.T s,.,. 0 y NORTH N0.7 $) u COUNT SIGN SHIFT G'.u ;r""" NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 PRE- EXA!IUNER 'J ,,_..a '':· Gu . d. ~uslirn \J -~ ./ X 4 wt> ('f.,, ol-r -< __, .... LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 J..f.£. Ol.:l_ . /1)1;-E.PJ <'./11'11~• GL.dT.-.o v J . ,-rs -· ~ JJ<>IJ4 06-lct'«V..,.-.0 .. *FlRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHlFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS ,...... (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT.NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: ~~-~~~-~-.,c._ ·, ,. ·~'.. . '\ i Ctly c6 ,. ~ ... 3'%,. 0:<. c/o . o% ·-··.·' ~ . .:·, . ·Certificate No. ··.:. .;_·:.~:~~~£~·-Superintendent ·····. Certificate l"i ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink DATE ).JY SHIFT: lf 1/<:-" ~:() <) AM oi'~_:·'.' PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencll or Ink DATE .S.-/'7-Jo Owl. SHIFT: AMDRPMTO AM OR PM ON-SHIFT EXAM. 3roo ·· GoRPMTO ~'co WaPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to ontside Yes_No_By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _.-"-''_ _ _ Time·~·_ _ _ _AM or PM Report received bv:. ~ BELTS §.tl-~.::. .'_Y. ~~ EXAMINER ;:::Jv~JD . AJ /,!:it:£> s AMr I OTHER S/o/C..(.Jf<>..Ji;D bJu;/;..o t:J.,.o i~Fi .s'W J Su J S\..J V, 1 c~g~T *:J: NORTH N0.2 NUKinN0.3 NORTH N0.4 NORTH N0.5 7'4.'! NORTH N0.6 N0.7 c,(""'" a- .10" ;;-, /IJ.nros r:.l. J.h & OX C/1'( . A 0'./ V d Co ---~--,------- "'/ ""' ,r";J.o, g'/o Vi!.\ .. o,l< ... L_---------------~~----------------~-----'-- Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers -~. COUNTERSIGNED BY . 46543-BJW Prinllng & Office Supplies J{ $ , . < ....Mine Foreman · Certificate No. ·. Superintendent . > .·.··• . Certificate No. ~1/.~ ~~~1536-/?. y~~ .6.:-l';z/,../.2.ll71 . ' . • -:s15k7 ·.. ON-SHIFT. EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pend! or Ink DATE·--~~--SHIFT:~--- AMORPMTO AMORPM ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMORPMTO AMORPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No_·_By Who,_,.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _ __,AM or PM . dby: Report receive Si2ned BELTS ACTION TAKEN SOUTH 1 J/ ,C/, .l . ' ' NORTH l.) /;; •.) .. A).lL _,~ rh · / ·"' . A/., i. t> . .. ·'· ·. . · INT. I NORTH2 NORTHJ ...-L NORTH4 NORTHS , A/A./£ i, [ ,/, l '.·· NORTH6 NORTH7 NORTHS ·.··., .. GLORY HOLE LBBNO.l . LBBN0.2 ... . :<'· \ . . . .,., SIGNEDBY: · · .• . BD.e"-lt~E~xa=m~,in~e=n~a=n~d~C~er~~~•c=a=re•N'-um~be=r~s-------~----------~~--~---~--~-.·.; !• ·. Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers .··t COUNTEI.lSIGNED BY_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ '· ·/;-cc· · 465~·3--BJW Prinllng & Office Supplies Mine Foreman Certificate No. Superfntende~t .· Certificate No.· PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink AM oR PM TO DATE AM oR PM /]: t?/2 AM oP(jjjJG 3! 12/1 ON.SHIFTEXAM. . Wasthisreportphonedtooutside YesLNo_ByWhom Report received by: . /?11Q?ffl ..IJ ~ AM o'tE) PRE-SHIFTEXAM. ,k6..v ffi"c);fogtt{ ·Time 2:d() . AMo@_ Signed · BELTS VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS EXAMINER PRE· SHIFT COUNT SIGN *FlRE RUN NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 t-Jl NORTHNO.S ,,;J.~ (1.\Ptul~d "' Sl{ · . lv . 1}/t,-2.2.. ~ ·. .······· .· *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION; AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS ,. . . (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONALATTENTION) REMARKS: r :·c;J% C#t; ;zv.£%Cr8-j' 4J a~ ·)j ·~.....,.;~ys; &w,..,g Vl 'st,A/ ch~d Ct2 d ~-me¢( e.~a>?--= Cealf~; ..tJ-&r""'..s.~ c,h""""f'9e.R5 ?Jk d rz/- Ct:P A??W?t::.er a/c. a£ D-'&.e .. , ..£0!JNTERSIGNEDBY~;p>0 · ·.-..,. ::-:::-_.· .. · ~~-s-;...;B.J_w Printing & ?fflce supplies · '· ·~.~---~-~·~··~·'·-.--- ·· .MiD-eForemaii". ·. ¥ n.-/?'?.,. r e~ -caK...un ~. ;:r::nrt .. · :certificate No. · Superintendent C&ti~cate N.~· ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Jnde]lble Pencil or Ink DATE .3-/9'- / CJ SHIFT: ..0&y _ 6':Ct?@>RPMT0 ?:oa AMOR6j) - - - ·-"A,_M,.OR'-"PM"-T0o=__·---"'AM,_,O"'R""-PM',, ON-SHIFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No_ By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_'--'---·AM or PM _ Report received by=---------,,--~------Signed BELTS •, .... ,, . INT.· S'.A..., ,kd V-o.&w S 1/, w•/...:ri-~~,'f tu8~t>~S pdf-tJ((/)jft',.,JJ>~ 1'fa ,,! v;~/.,H/' "5~ Jec , :EII/5 'I 13/1/:s ACTI?~AKEN s NORTH2 ,· NORTH3 / _,_"J:i1. fi"~?# .i......t,.,.e< a~ /A,'/ t'-/~R/v,- f. NORTH4 ~~- NORTHS. rl¥a -Nf' ,..\ V" Plb\.1.\ ./ NORTH6 /'__A :/-?~ ./~ ~_,-~ f€._A 7-./ .'7 ~ ·l?b_ ~H ::s-J//f' . · -- .. · L:H£ ...... NORTH7 L12,;d, wA/J . I'IPn.r{> PI tJI( Mu.ef a-! MJi,VI. ,..JI);,u GLORY HOLE . . ' ~0.1- ~-. ·. n. ~o.z . ~H. -· ~"A~ JJ771~1 ~- . h'G-2-2- . ). . '' -- ;;.:,: . &:!i.;je Ckf-"7b,IZS - J 6 ... ~to -aX- b %'9 &'6ak Z -reWf t?/ eN-;Tm. .12/< '9'?M<1Vd '· ' _.:-·' ?hVf;_,~ .··-· i '- ! f I !•' . I-, COUNTERSIGNED BY ~ · .q_'ss43-sJW Prlrll:lng & Offi_ce Supplies •'.·.' Mine. Foreman· Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible PencU or Ink SIDFT: t"llt.. (.eO AMOR'fi)TQ %60 AMOR:!!D ~00 ON-SHIFT EXAM. ft:oc. AMoi ( (' \. NORfHI~0.3 :1\.JJ.: f\Ub I .t\ <.U.I.e.J / NQRTHN0.4 ~Au.... NORTH N0.5 1--t-.•: J 1\e"' s NORTH N0.6 I ,./_ -io ..._ ~, /)n'Je~ .._ .>L.I. rooe!l>'b < ,...-\ ,(..., NORTH N0.7 !\,..,. ~ C~1- .\ . I r1 ..,4 "- '\) u.d·-.1 !V~D5 GLORY HOLE 0 -B !> ...,..t_ Q._ '-.tDc.cJ-!4/ /'/ ~t.i:· N0.1 I' l....e..L .ve.eos r\12.6.1'\e.J J.o.. •L .J :r.,:z.:J. NO.2 1\).u t'l<: (). .I ("'V {/' ~(_ t-- (., \.) ' l •• .n GU. ........... GU .__. i6 ("._ . J5c_ RUN. ~ (...../ L...-' Rc -k.J *FIRE ~ B--e 's_ COUNT SIGN 1.---" l$'C Ah'elh;) ~u-4-l--.l Hbz2#:L· ....-- G:.v d~ed27-.J4' _,),,p,.. IJUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: ~---------- ,· 0 ~!oC.lt-1, ~ ~· u \ 2 l':n w. J e' ~Ia.- pp,..., Cf) 1 . I e& CQ cQ€), 3% QQ.. AAcl-.0 , t?\MJ'b.rs - ' .. .. evJ.. <' ~ . c..;!- ~-q,."<"" . . • . ' ".~·~' ·•, Bel~ Examiners and Certiftcate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY ·''·- ~ .....u:,__ . . I . M!ne Foreii)Bn Certificate No. · SUperintendeD~ Certificate No; ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink SHIFT: ~vZ- J-i'f· {o DATE (>.&D AMO""""TQ 8d0 ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMOP.a> S~ D AMOI>!!!!?l'9 //.A9-{) PRE-SHIFT EXAM. AMORIO\!D Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time._ _ _ _ _AM or PM Report received by· ! Sioned BELTS i !!.>-~ ' ACTION TAKEN INT. -· ·r::·- -':·.··, -- - . . ,!~_,. 'C· NORTH4 NORTHS NORTH6 NORTH? .,_f;l,"?,2-'• ~:.(,'t; <; IAo, )..~ (,to. J ";\ r-Jd\ VI 'fi-t! ,1\ Li" .Ail NO... IHe~o Ne~""'- c.\<2e:,vtetl P.. U •I \l)u.I+J (} v c / cv 1?c -\U *FIRE RUN . ·:- r;.J .~. COUNT SIGN 1---- ,.,-- " !...-' . ·< NO.. ~<$ NORTH N0.4 (\Q.!l. NORTH N0.5 1-v.... '\ NORTH N0.6 l'.-.1? .I! . c" 1 ,. 1-""" .i ~a. ..... -rNll ~~~r. ~~<-•~ c\4~ f\-q_: ~< c ~ L \ e•>A~O .co•• ..-ve.eM o ... NORTH N0.7 (,U + L . 1.... ~ ~•• )'--' ~v < -lJ ~w 6U t..-' (') u ......... ..LJ 1\leet>s rl. GLORY HOLE l:gziZNO.l f'l-\)o !{"*- ~~ ,l.:>c,, -"~ F weee>s,.c\ea.vv>.J-tt>-u.•·L. · g J{,;t?,N0.2 1\)«. 0.! ·,0.. '" ~ du s/ > '··~~ L-- 'J?·L H&ZZ:; NO,'\ A C?L '\..o-"' @.t: . Ec ,,__ l?L L--' ... ~-.., ,;.t ' l-. ~ J?/ ' / " .. *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOTAHAZARDBUTNEEDtNGADDITIONALATTENTiON)'REMARKs: .. ,,.·· 04£:#~ .· Vppi!V\QQ, cxh8J%tiy iDe+c if I Iff//! (( .•·U.JY/ ., - -A "" -tc. Adltu I . A~l INT. ' D. ,.;,. .. ' . ·.:J•.J ./ / . -~- ·' ...,/.. ·'~ .1_ './, ~ ~L ~~-L/ 3 ~ v---J..J v -t::>U> l'oORTH 4 NORTHS NORTH6 - -ok~~ -- '. . ., '-<.) NORTH7 .. ' 1/-,){J>;...,' ' ~(. . ' . The . Ub"l-2- -::tt I ' . GLORY HOLE .. ··:-· ' h"b2Z- N0.1 i "-. :-,•. fbZt.N0.2 ) •. - SIGNED BY: , · · ~ ,t...;., ~.{& ..__ !,{ J q4_; Bel ~· ' . i~rs an(J ~rl~ Numbers /JAL.-.- ., . . _: ifA.;...-4' ':? f¥...9- . Belt xaminers and CertifiC8teNlmbers · . COUNTERSIGNEDBY ~ 46543-BJW Printing & Ollice Supplies . Mi"'e.Forem·an ' Certificate No. ~1,1pel'intendent . Certilicaie No. .. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS ""'"'""'•••~""Ink DATE_ _ 3":..20(CSHIFT:,??..;): /..Z..~MoWI'l:PI'O 3 AMORPMTO \\MORPM ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMoJdf? ,ycr PRE-SHIFT EXAM. / Was this report phoned to outside Yes - N o _ By Whom~--=..::r.;=-"'=..::.,(o/==-.....:..:;t/.......;:;"'-..=~::;-!~t...'----Time Report received hy: BELTS / " ..?~ J5'.:..4wt s~ ..2 h Tt VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS :E~·f' 6<4:S5 • 2..7· .... NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.4 ':;J.u-~- ~;;:;..., NORTH N0.5 'Teo..i/~ NORTH N0.6 /l/...u.e4. A/ NORTHN0.7 lk:ild/ ·. ''' '. 8ioRYHOLE ,, l.#&;~;f'J .,u.}'"/. ~ V' -::s>~4 ,y-J Lo- J,&:!? ' ~ ..s# . ~ ,;.-- - SH . -:r,A/ -~ ~Jt q/t: ,Pc..l'- ,.... -::r./.tf ./ ::rAJ ::>.;<.! /'C 7' c.fi'., .... .. v ;...rd.Le A/- L. c. ;(;t rLioo. /..\\1\i-lt. N~~. ;E.z.:z.:. ' I L£4.Le. ~;1-z:f:z.. .;1...9 .J.,. -~. ." ~ ../.. :2-IJ COUNT SIGN SIDFT -:5'/ld A/~ ./, ;7.", J. ./. ' ~../ LJ.c.wk -'-';/ /. A/• NORTH N0.3 PRE- EXAMINER 1./ ~ .· ··. . *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: 1270 c-hf · . . . ' ~ ..2-0; 0 dZf 02--~ J tu.... <2/'6 co i. ~ . . ~ --.. ,. Belt Exam_iners and Certificate Numbers cqliNTERSIGNED.BY A-~ ·e - Mine Foreman. ' ~ Certificate No. ,-,,_ .. Superintenden.f - · I, .sill) c~:: ;zie: ~hu.Ju. .I f'l fJ W\ll.d d, MJkr \ l'll'II,IAit J . R\.1 Ml .. S« GLORY HOLE LBBNO.l . LBBN0.2 .-.:.d. ...J~ :n!J r?.t#l•'md. l,tt&7.2ff/ I,n/.."'.. .<;:1)-//.ao"' ..-1I - Aeu: ' . t JAJ .D" L: , /Jm:l of Gre:PMe. aiV I . II I I e..c:./q #,. , ~ 'F r ~&-:rz e~ Mine Foreman 46543--BJW Printing & Office Supplies 77 Iff~.- o /c A"o-M..-- o-/c -C t' ON-SillFT EXAM. AM OR@TO l BC!u AM oKI$b AMoRTO \ \Ct> PRE-SHIFT EXAM. AMDR® Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No_ By Whorn_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Tirne_---'---·AM or PM Report received by· Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS 0\IS: N0.4 _\,\ ,\cbo.~<"'-«;/.'1-~0 1 \,rll'. nee.,kt'l,._,...\,.,_1 J ' NO.· " l.-o"'4vXtli NO. •> · NORTH N0.4 NORTH N0.5 NORTH N0.6 NORTHN0.7 j{<:;t;tN0.1GLORY HOLE T(,'W.NO.l f'l ·~ l\~Q.c\s C:.~1>C<.l &ill.e~u"-':> ::. o:.\c\"'. ~JJ · -.:.\'<>"C...'«"""'·'' :>.'lA<.._,.. 6r ·{\.«.«.\\ ~ c \Q.,_.,;,,.tei0.'<..<._'N:•CG ~ o.\_·+o.du;:) ..11 1 -1. I N'<.«.O<; <>•~<>·t C\Qo.,.,.,.l ~tet:r\llclt. ~'~ .J M~ i:'l;. ~ 6U ..._ Gv c.- BC::.. '!.--- Rc i..- \"3(_ t..- ()C. 1--- 'i3 ( 1.--- Be. ,__' C:.c" 0-u•'<\-e J D -l?vw ~ \>, ""'-- deLI'\,._C\- . . f'· 1./ i3C::.. iJusieJ . -.1 /IDLt: Pc.',+P, ,: ·- d~''"' Ti"J:l> NO. 2 * 1'1 u~-\eJ *FIRE RUN • 11\AI. · I COUNT SIGN \....-"'"' ', c.. u 1'\e.<. \> ~ ;<\~(!&"£, SlllFT r-.,v 1\Nc\.,_ 1":> u<..-\-<>.J Ell·~" NO.$ l.llee"'\" PRE· EXAMINER :A {_"'"' - . - ' ' ,. \ '' ' . •·. ' ' ' *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS .(ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __c.:__ O"{~;.Q\\L\ 1 OppvnCD I aoB<>J. . D).....t>o;\.e<..t-R-1 / (' /ea.t&<:t ' r· ' 1 /1 . I . f)q::un,-, 'ON a v\S,I,.lC ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMOR$T0 , ( l ()cj AM~Rf'M, PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom-------,-----,---Time'--~--AM or PM Report received by· Signed ' BELTS ACTION TAKEN C!ew,_~.,) Vr.J{o ,_, zjl,'s e.J (\1,'<. S" . t. INT. IGv {)V\.~ WC<. ~I NORTH4 NORTHS Cl0:<•1""J •/~,til:>W--' &:,~v {),, ~f"'a. NORTH7 \tb'7 ;)·_-tt I <]i u ~ s:,e,~,;.,,_,~ Bc: ' GLORY HOLE ffoit.' N0.1 . lt/o:z.2_.NO, 2 . } COUNTERSIGNED BY-:-.--:~1"<~'--' _..$~ ..-..,.,...,....-=--~- , Mine Foreman ' :..::- J"33·sf/ . Certificate NO. \. Superinten~ent 46543--BJW Printing & Offrce Supplies ..;· J . Certilicate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pendl or Ink DATE 3-21,-ID \II)() . SIDFI': CIL ''· NO.l.l Z:W;< NO.S v~e,\ - SIDFT c;,u . wee.l'\S ·Do.~k· Iflpe,k (' PRE- EXAMINER (' \e,,.V\' N" ;J 7- ""1'·1 i..'iL Nef'T'> *FIRE RUN ., ....- bU 'i:)d <-+< ,J J COUNT SIGN NO.• \.. . 'l:)oJ:', '"'''"<~ ::;~<:..\V\"<•·\ V\."-"'-'> '""~'i•! c \~<:iH~""' .:ci \'<,IL f,l) ,\ .-Lleo-v.,...Pcd~led: K'7·M~:I\e.Li..t>v.s+c.J (..,..--' v ·(\..,.,,\<. 'h, "'"~J \~ ( \j:(:;y2;:L ~I N~~l:) S c\' \...--"""' t,...--' (/ v ' *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONALATIENTION) REMARKS: -----'--------'·,'-··_.- 0% Cfft/,t CJlo rr ,"',.,.a2.1 bRPMT0 (..<0,c; ~ORPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _ _~AM or PM . . d by· Report receive Signed BELTS <£1\c'S ACTION TAKEN INT. .'-( Z::l\oS 5 ...... 1 i~c"< <:v.:, I I NORTH4 (\'if\ D"'s·kr Rv.v\ t> c·~kr ~~ (_ NORTHS . R_., ousJ-., , NORTH6 ;) h.:>..;·-a..lcLJ 1(_'-'-"' () ....:;,t-<>.r NORTH7 5 Be V'-;:";li.J;- hi> v~/..f V BC 7.~t6--' J/b z.ZJ:FI GLORY HOLE ' . i&12NO.l > Jhz.z. NO.2 :_:_ - •:'0 .. I I / IXIA<:l ~hvv""-' . II GJ-u \}.:>of' 1(,•"-'J Belt Examiners and CeJ;'titicate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY 465_43-BJW Printing & Office Supplies f d:/t....:........:' Mine Foreman ?"lUTft Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate No._ DATE l PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink .3 e:2/ J qiDFT::_ _~ ~c____lA;,tMOQ!lRJ:!PM!.JT~Q'----'--.<\JAMifO!!\JR '/.2):7~ P:!i_M ON-SIDFT EXAM. AM oRI'!!1f0 3• i:x7 PRE-SIDFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to ontside Yes j,...---"No_ By Whom~:;r.:::·L'#-,::"-:::o$~'-------- Time Report received 4 /_ --;::::;-,7:.•. 9 , .3 ,j / /_ NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 ':-l' -; :;;: / NORTH N0.5 A/_, N0.6 /. ;;_T ODV TTOt 1l' -.,. ~-"'"" "'" / 72 . "> . ., 1 - '.2. ? A_./../, _ j z: '- J 2_ c-.-'J.J _;e .., "" /_ _.,_/- .-z-./' . /. . / ~/--- -~ ::SA~ .#'! . ....r:r:·./ . '-::.'*-;-" .:7 A '_, ,-:c..-, , (} "T -:TA/' JL!. -~ .. /'f) J?~ .J l.r-.4::; .2.2 ~/ I ~ /~ - ........__..--- .. I v -- - /.,./ - .:JJII/ ,.,/,' z-_./ - ~ . :ru . Jl /. - :. ' _...- ::J~t:i- Y.,A/ ·-' .i ~ TA'L? T//d ' . ~ -rAL1' 7- ..}.. ~• .£...:1 .-/n A - 9"' :0 'd'Sok. - 0~ -Z"c-h /Jc~ if ~ NO.2 J. ·.:: •:~~E 3'...-?'P"' ,._.... . /_ -r_,, :Ha:c IC~g~T EXAMINER _/.,_..,._, ./ NORTH N0.2 /_ IL.f/1 AM or@ si2R<.J- ?/ lAND OTHER. NORTH N0.7 .Z. :J o I 0~ .d. /.?. "I'A~.,# if? BELTS .C:/.1' • ;. NO. AM -::;;vi I ·. ....--- -'·' . *FiRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTEQ. LAST PRODUCTION SIDFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BOT NEEDING~i>DITIONALATIENTION) REMARKS: ~-----'--'-'-------'-I I ·...:.. COUNTERSIGNED BY ~- <__.. Mine Foreman 46543-BJW Printing & Office SupplieS I ?'l>J£7,_ .·Ce;dnCate No. ·Superintendent Certificate N:o. l J •.. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS u"'"'""''.""'"'"" DATE . ..3 :.2.(·/0SHIF~"'"~ ~ . AMORPMTO . . AM OR PM AMORPMTO ON-8IDFTEXAM. AMORPM PRE-SmFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No__ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ ___c__ _.AM or PM · Report received by: _ _ _ _ _ _; ; ; : - c . , - : ; - - - - - - - - ." . Signed BELTS . ~ -~ ;--/. ~/.c>'S ~ I . .,< L./ INT. b-,A'.i! AD.!?.. NORTH2 NORTH3 ~.A' NORTH4 NORTHS Af?p_ ,4f.fi NORTH6 V'tf!P~ -1_r £/', ..,..0~ )'- .;:.;:./ ./,.A' z;.J NORTH7 - ; yC , ./L TN 3"'AI -:·~ :>~ ~ . . .-·-. . ... .. GLORY HOLE LBBNO.l ; . LBRN0.2 ilkZZI rJ/epM.Jt'>A/' k/£ O~t/r- ' - n. d fJt1.S J . /J.'lm .s,IJ lu:<' s ... .-.;·• Belt Examiners and Certificate NUmberS COUNTERSIGNED B)" --;;-/11'~ 46543-BJW Printing & offi~S A~~~;;~_s . ' •:- . - .. Mine Foreman ::::/AI Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil Ol' Ink 3-ZJ.JL) DATE SHIFT: ( 1 / i / (i,Oc.? S'Ov AMOR:I'I.l\ AMOQT0 f?DO ON-SHIFT EXAM. 7 Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No..£.. By Whom~.;.·_..J.t~5/L£Du~'l-"'""-M!t::.l:cu><.... Report received by· ':"fill{;%c.;t;• t - . : :: · _ __ _ _ Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS cf]f.h cs ·§:·. " . >1\P,· ..~·.rle PRE· SIDFT ......- . i5 (__ i-:.?C 11, .,c~_,,l ~,Ja'"!-Jiia..,.,t . lhP&t<. 1/0Q AMOI<$· Time:_ _:___~AM or PM EXAMINER neer-, < f). · h- J J AMOJ!:l't!T0 PRE-SHIFT EXAM. COUNT SIGN *FIRE RUN ' ....-- . __ , . NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 -wr l)~t),i NORTHN0.4. 1U~~~·G' ;..; A ·rt..,f.>J, acJl. ';tW-£ ..L D. t./0 2lr:t:1} I 111.<><>1) \ -. 0 ~2'11:: I-l-l"•' 'i "''' .,,,t. .,L) I .....- 13.:o .....;,_. c..\e-\-L".J .......... ML- ........ _\<, ...- ,\ s .._.. JS ....... I<><<>'- r, 'i-f.,.,.....,. neecls d<>cc>V.d ,j-{)u.«l-.·A 1'\e.eclc.. \) Lc.d-c...J 1::1:?.- 15 {_ ~s ,J-,J " I t.--- '8-L- ll'lotherof,v~ .'I.U,i<.C..\.e'lfu"J.N.eck """r},{ectr~. GLORY HOLE - ,.,- .. 0 (3c :.'') ' ·' ·'····>· *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS ---------'--:__~ (ll'EMSNOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING M>DI'fiONALATTENTION) REMARKS: O% Ci-t 'C D f'F'.., CD 1 / 1 .=;2{), €>% ()'"-" D.ed-crh--<1 1 t:i'.-1 a ,.~t'tu..-1 cltalt: o?C<.A..f ~(_ i?c V t:J/o '-"-' NORTH6 NORTH7 >bony'<"'"' I ( ' GLORY HOLE -:--.;-.-;-. ~·~~>.1 -- .. - . ' -~ • ;.J - r .i \ SIGNED BY: . (A _,-d?.-...-.~~-<-< ' /i!..J-;,,,.. Belt Examiners and Certit'it3teNIIlbe.r5 Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers .r COUNTERSIGNED BY ~e • ---- Mine Foreman · 46543--aJW Prinirn9 & Office Supplies (::ertificate No. Superintendent ~ertificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use ltJdelible Pencil or Ink 3-l"Z -r c DATE SHIFT: I O's' AMOR$T0 jl"'~C) 1)0\) dt'ill~ORPM Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__1(_ By Whom lir"~:iM- mo. PM aJ,llo• PM TO '- t9c? PRE-SHIFT EXAM. ;>o,, ON-SHIFT EXAM. "'"'-'-* Time'---~AMorPM ReportreceJVe · db y: Si.Ded VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS ~ fJ/.I,"<.':t!.' '' - ~If,:,'<;. ~- I 1'\qh,., ~.-." f),,j.,J PRE- SIDFT .._..- R0 \':>u•·L.o.1 ~-. M EXAMINER NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 ll'L
    i"' NORTH N0.4 l·o., M NORTH N0.5 ~; \,o. '"J to , v-..~ , •• I+,. o~.. ,_.,...... .. ~. 1 1 -.- NORTH N0.6 32.:•wv n.'"" . ~ -i\~u·" +~ ·j "=·'"" ",t,t;-el,-t...-. ~~J . I r·\on..-.;~~ ,..., d-~ J l,.,.e,l~ ~- .~._-,., ...... 1.;\ "·.• to ·~A. I · "'- · J l"ee<.~ J -h:. ~ ' " " " "'. d.-J -.~C. ....- ·~r 1...- ~(_ - NORTH N0.7 l.oo~<. "'"'-\-e,\ :i..ow.~\ .. - ~~(, ..\.' -- .• -..,., _, ~t ; -· . I> ; 1\Peo< rl"~"'~·l-.1--r-- .. <-l-el .......... <~S · \ \..o~\~•eJ«,i'>-i -'Isr""" B COP,]'/ttR/liGNED BY ~~ ·::;:<.:f' ·.-::- · . · · · Mine Foreman :J?:::i~~Jil~. /t; 3h-lf- Certificate No. ON-SHIFT ~-'EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Peneil or I~ DATE 1\0a AMORfMT0"'.500 ~;:-"'.?""1:':,;;¢!..-'--'@"""-0"'R'-"PM"':T,'-Q==_,Cu,_,o~oc._·_S\<'il: Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS I)!Ot? AMo.jfJrO ?~1212 PRESIDFT EXAMINER COUNT SIGN *FIRE RUN _NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTH NO. S I.J..i<.,,..J> •C.. J. A,U ("J«>••I•Ili · • ~. SR · ' ·• ' · ,/ s~ J?c· ·v" SH 1.;/: 1/: 5H ·.L/ Jt.f J'lf ..;/ .nr .. c.;·. '· . v'• 'I.· ) \.,·· v ;y'IJ v ··;tM . - _,.,,. *F!RE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE-HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS + (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEJ<;DING AI>DITIONALATIENTION) REJ\fARKS: . O%cA¥/J.O,f(K]2.1 cJ 1 ~e~ C(), OtJb l,·1r1~ . .·. ' ege',.; .\ \ . ' ' ·eoUNTERSIGNED BY___,;z:::~..~;#~!:... u. .. ..,..,..·.._,""'.-:._·-'--~-·futt · \ 46543-BJW Printing & Oflice Supplies . . Mine Foreinan Certifi~te No. : . ... · SuJ;»erintendent · . . Cert.jficate No. _ ON-SHIFT Use Indelible Pencil or Ink EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS 6:0®RPMT0 a:()(J · AMOP(f:l>. ---"-----:"A"'-M"'OR":PM":::T":'Q"=':=::--'--~AM~O!!!_RPM!:M_ ON-SHIFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No_ By Whom'---'-'~---""-------Time,_ _ _ _.AM or PM Report received by· Signed BELTS . ACTION TAKEN .5./u:~v~/ed v- _..,/_ 1- .t . SH k~ tlw "'A- ,} ~i-M.ud J. /tJho.lll ha'u.~ if.! •qic.e.t- ,· r ' ll~ ' GLORY HOLE flr. ' ',\ \1 .i)l "' ~c::. · 1-\f.P/hLilS ~n:.rl\• NORTH7 ' '~;:--- ' !~'~' '·-j·"··'"' l .·_· · ''YM,To P~!\/12- »~& -tifwe.:.. /:". -.,- ~-- / Tb-J.J..-#2. .. . !::; .., ' ,,• SIGNEDBY: . ·. /(L!'JU_g,,h-,,...,# IS.U-A Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers I, , ·Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED liY .,: · 46543-BJW Prlnllng & OffiC~ Supplies "'7;"~. ' L • .--c .,_._,-J\ti~~ Foreman . Certificate No. ,:• · ··g;._perint~de'nt .. · .:."/.: . :< · .. -· Certifi~ate :No. \I PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencll or Ink DATE_:3"~'--H) S~:~_lL',:..._:, C,O-) ~l· .. 'f-'' A~~.:Ti~M.AMo•N? · · ·•ot>c ;~~~i:M. AMoR@~ ' Was this report phoned to outsici~: Yes__· No..X By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time·----'-'A¥.or PM ~-,., .. Report rece'IVed by: -"~,:"; .~~~"···: Sioned VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS ..£11/s#lj ·: ·nee.-," "' .I...J - '(1./-t'S:/f-5. 1\.Q.e.,'>• . \'),.,w·. <'~><>do clPNne,JT7·.~'-'t EXAMINER PRESIIIFT ; /]C. .L/ Be . *FIRE RUN -~ COUNT SIGN . ·< ·. \ ~-~ ::: ....... NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 NORTH N0.5 t~~~}~::':-:;~':4:,~.-·~~:- "·"'""""'"' '~~- ·. b..v.... -t:,:.U r,,~..t, c,l""'-"".&o.,.;~-t>::J 0<1.<.1); """"'i\ ,;:, ,,."""'. I . ·jS '"''·.. \'l..G ' NORTH N0.6 i'f¥><.2.-h <..o.Jc~o. 1,-:.-i~\o ~- ,P,],~,.,bokci:!avwd<£-Oa.S·k__,/ . :N,ORTHN0.7 . " '"' n<. 'Du.o;:\-.-J . fle<.\15"-·\>,j:t"CieL.'->Y \1-. V. 1'\eQ_(), - :tfr'Z .. ,.,, ·-' ·OrN<·-"-·· ..L •.•lcrbw...t ''p' .. · dO AMOR ..... 2.C9..:J AMORg'5bTQ AMO~) .II f)_9 PRE-SHIFT EXAM• Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Who,m__ _ _ _ _~_ _ _ _ _ Time_----'-'--~AM or PM Report received by:•------~-~-------­ s·tgned ;; j/ ACTION TAKEN ,,~JiT~ · <:; . .5<()\:~ .. , ... h.ov-"- 11'\url c..:!- INT. ~. 13. <.:. t-<•..J Be . . NORTH4 'i\,."""' c...-1·~1.--ll">'-.•"' ·- <"\oo.u<\•.J<> S ...,..,......; V->:>i<;;.. I :1& ~ti:J-'($. J S"#.>cutl~~ c;..J -- :·,,·_ ... y ~-- •. vw/'}- -z;~;•J l.,Jd.e_/( o.J #'-'1~-r•~ <7 ""-" ..... ~-~ v,e.,t.o/ }.i;"l;.,(,/. "''·.i' ;'.v ., ?i;;< .. &<.. . Js.;).- L• I. '')I \ i-\ · COU)'ITERSIGNED BY---;~.~~$~~--~,_.-.,·=---46!:i~~W Printing & Office Supplies Min~_.Foreman 'J'»5if · . CertificJ~te No. - . -Superintendeii.t Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink 3!~21~tp DATE SHIFf:·nc._:,l.. not 'AMoi<®TOSc-<> ®QRPM ON-SHIFT EXAM. J .3-bD @OR-PMT0 l?~ (!i90RPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No_&_ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _~AM or PM Report recei ved b y: Sioned VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS :iGHi'J;;~lftt · "9-ft '5*-~ : • ·t·:!> •,, - t;. w ~· r ·. -- : f\~IC() > l:"lu. <.,-\.,-J ' ._:fi~e, \.. PRE· EXAMINER - SHIFf 'EC ' 15 (. ''>">o-\ d<>a.V>£..1 .;11 ~a_~l_ '' COUNT ·"'FIRE SIGN RUN v' • •. ' . NORTHNO;J NORTH N0.4 NORTH N0.5 NORTH N0.6 NORTH N0.7 ·-~• '1~:: (1;.' :'-rf!tf0ij..!tJ_;-.,$:/; GLORY HOLE Pl-l\to<.·- t:lt,;ch·.r.< M.e.IJS'(.\0~· N:!o<\.,, ;:;,;,·'*~ :'lT'\dJ,. -~~~ I"'""""' nee,:~1.<. c'-~1·p;.; ·-,., - ~,...;. .:.r. c~l~~ ·o ·'flo,""""' · : · ,,~A<; " •~'~ t\<:>u,_..<> <-""DINes·-~·~ Q. . . t\l!e,c\.~ <.;,,•l'\ ~-, ,j;a.( . ' ~"""~•"- -(~'l>lil --'Du.~" dec.u~Lc+~u.vv... 1'\e.ecl s c\ ec"""" I ~~ .....~ J . · ·f;;i,>eNO. 2 1\.'i! ·eJ.\. v- --- ,<, ~--'" l.----' .__- ~<, ~s. ''' ' v '15 (_ ~~ \)...._,;;\-~ 1'\{U?J~ c.l<.-•j,f-0 ' ~ . :-.:-. ,· ' .• ·' . '-, .'·' *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFf OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS . I 1 { '-z;;i4£/(.. 7 /ui'Jr.;I'/1"'-''"T' -1 c; n c.. · . · 'D -1)-u '_ ·Chu/'q~ U ;;~i'...<•' c>IAe!dl. o·~ ( , D 'frJDt,.,'ll-.,tZ-.> , · R, <..UdCe-n:+e,·,. 'LVAJ1:,.,"'f., ,_ 1 owU dec.rL- Superintendent Certificate No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or IDk ;3 -2.3-W DATE It o o SHIFT: 6-<.<::> l · ."$.~0 3 0 c CN\roR PM ON-SIDFT EXAM. AM oa eTO «JtfORPMT0. (k_U.!:> ~ORPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ NoK__ BfWhom,_·_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time:_ _ _ _ _.AM or PM Report receive ' dby: SlOned BELTS ACTION TAKEN . :::ft:t:t~ II ,'S #>fJ/,') <:iiwV't\.0 INT. v ..,.,, I<> '-' f-,·n,~k>J {.l.,'f\ l'lU( ,>, ,'\) \~~ t+ 1o'>l.L . ' LV<: J-l<,,l "'"' ,V1,.,_,) .,;;.f,:..\· . '·'· ' &_/;-:, ·l:c . NORTH3 NORTH4 . ,_..._, II . . ' "'> kiJ · l.vAJVw••' ;T..s 5)..1..v"L - ~ .I.UJIVWS NORTH6 d~..i.. .l \/.Pl ....., NORTH4 . a. f... ,.. -~ ,. I • ,• . g,lJ SH5l: OM /7:111. SH .. NORTH7 Ln.,.a~JII/1 t/t_r. ·•• J ".r.I'At • .J ~.J. "'· IL ·-J>R;AJI ~~-~ GLORY HOLE a.k.z)--;, "'"'' --:-r-:..1 , 7G·22.NO. 1 . llrUN0.2 :r'N ·. tlG·22- -il-j dei"JJII,t),n/ R.i I?A!k /A/ rL , ~· 111-~ 'v' hot..J .d- ·~,L ·.· TN . Belt Examiners !i!Dd Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY ~ ..,.L--' Mine Foreman 46543-BJW Prinllng & Office Supplies ·,' Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate No. II II' PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pend! or Ink DATE s-23·"10 SHIFT: CvL ' ~o.:O AMOR~ ' ON-SHIFT EXAM. '3 0' 0 (oO AMOR&TO It' 00.< PRE-SHIFT EXAM. AM OR I'll TO' AM OR®Ii> .. · Was this report phoned to ontside Yes_._ No_._ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time,_ _ _ _ _AM or PM Report received by:; -------=-=------,---'--- - s·1gned VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS t:JJ?s~ No."l ! . c:,v ' '1'\"ecl-,. h .. "t-..d ""z'il:'~ ·NO.$ PRESHIFT EXAMINER *FIRE RUN 1.---' Gu 1,., ..,]< s>6-\ c\ec;.... e;.l ·.:1-l)u· +e-:1 COUNT SIGN ·• .I..- NORTH N0.2 I NORTH N0.3 M«~''" ::.p~·'":'~"-"<".i 37•t<""'.._ NQRTHN0.4 ll\&"'1.<. ri~--""' !:{).~.-. \'>:-_·'.>, --DI.HIA< ~>)btdeo:"-«J ·. I I ' . ...;,..,<"> l NORTH N0.6 NORTH N0.7 (\)~C.\)<, :l.:iJ,vij_w<.q(' ·" GLORY HOLE . 11{l)l2.NO. 1 7&2>2iN0.2 I /ft:2.'2::ft I ..:";b ·\ cJ"'-" '"'' •-~ ,.-i-.. i · D.c._kJ ·,vv) P,.0;t V\.u.l<- C' (', Ll ... 1--:" "k ' ...._. \?,( f\e.e,.l~ (..\.E o...-i~._.('ij- \) olo;;_j-.:;J ,.8,i)r;. \) c ~+,;X N>e,J;. ' '-- ·I?>:L 9:7.+-{J \3.2.U >-~Yu•) ·, •·>ir. l.. ~-.IlL~ .• j.S Bt .j s. .__ ' .......... J <; ....- :s ·, l--- ;:~ v· \,._.,_,...,e.J . .. ._.., ' ., .' .-'>. ~ ; ' "'l",--r .. *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTIOI\ISHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: _ _ ___;__ _ _ _....:...~- Qetc"'·'t.r< 7 _, "'-n <\ '-''"'"'" Superintendent c!-41t a~ i o 's Certificate No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pend! or Ink DATE 3-2:34 0 SHIFf: [. iJ ~ C..,oO AM oF ~·-«'i c:D:::._·.:::O;___,""AM"'o""•""d!H"9'".!:0=-'-.~1,..1~Oc:O=·:....!!'AM~O!!!R"!:€1!!!!;· ON-SHIFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _~_ _ _ _ _ Time._ _ _ _ _AM or PM . dby: Report receive. Si2D.ed ,. BELTS ACTION TAKEN INT• . . . . . . ; ..· . . ' . : NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 NORTHS NORTH6 NORTH7 '' GLORYIIOLE Tt~"lNO.l 5/f:,.,,J v-f'Jc· ;J_s. N0.2 . .. -:- . ' . I SIGNED BY: 1-t,/d_.&,-"-:'~-S"-O"'o..__,.,I.A'J"'co::'•":'M::T::O::··=-=c=:o:,;o=:-:--:cw_,·. "' • ._,o,.,_RPM= ON-SHIFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Yes___ No~ By Whom &O<'\' C\..e ,) I+ "'""'.!<;· lr,v c. lB ' .1-D~- 0 ....-- WL-- p~ vfr ) .,..-J. JJ Cl--= ,j <;' Cu cv x-,_,,._ ·I C.lcs..e GLORY HOLE ~.;;) . .*/ PRESHIFT . NORTH N0.3 _ '?-.OLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS , '),/oJ 'A Arf11tfr;, -,;./ ·. ;. --. - -~ ..--- . ----- J<: ._.. . . -' . *FIR]!: RUN EXAMINATION;AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS .,. __--, ..- (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEtliNGADDITIONALATIENTION) REMARKS: - - - - - - - - - - , - - - '----, r& U.t.( I CR(.o db)?£<.-¥.,· ; . I I s_ uperintend~~} j, ·~ 1 ._ C~ftiticate No. ~-~.....,o7 Sf47 u~ Iildeflble ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Pencil or Ink DATE_ 3-.;:L\(-\u 1/00 AMO~ ]O':J SIIIFT!OW\ ON- @'DRPM TEXAM. AMORPMTO AMORPM PREcSHIFT EXAM. ·.Was this report phoned to outside Yes_:__ No~ By W]1om _ _ _ _~_ _ _ _ _ Time._ _ _ _.AM or PM •' Report received ho.vJ1r·=------=-~------­ Si2ned BELTS - ACTION TAKEN INT. 2 NORTH3 ·. 4 NORTHS I 16 .. NORTH7 18 ' GLORY HOLE LBBNO.l . LBBN0.2 - ' I - COUNTERSIGNED BY KAtf'~ .t' . ·· 46543---BJW Printing & Office Supplies. .... . .-·_. Mine Foreman Certificate No. certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink 3-2'$/-/0SHIFf: DATE Wv PMT0 ON-SillFT EXAM. AM OR / '1.1 :(/t?'AM ol<@O S :· Od AM a'@; AM OR PM PRE·SHIFf EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside YesLNo_ By Whom ~/::&.fke~M.Mt.V~me AMo~ 1 ::Ja Report received Signed IA~Il_ BELTS £i//$S. ·' EXAMINER , NORTH!IIO._! . NORTH N0.3 l'IUIUttN0.4 A/- ./. NdRTHN0.6 •L J.' .L GLORY HOLE /)- LJ"x .,f ' . ' ... L A, J J?7-T.19l/ , · (7 jc_ ,. .. : .. .~ J Dr?/Vt!· , ,. ,_ . . \ ;J . • ·· T.#..d ~Jl . '· . ' ..I '' J.si'J•. j., ..( ,12,-b/fol-l. · U_!!flc, --- -h. V"' v : ! ' . . ' ' .. J. ,I '·· . "· . . ' i . . *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SlllFT OF WEE~ BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEM~ NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONALAT'fENTION) REMARKS: 0% C,4~ '2t?.t'% 02..1 t? ~?,., Ct2 alb- -6~'»14. . . . '. i·. ' 3./.1'_8 3/.1.6 lf-. .75;_,-f / NORTH7 c.l. ~1}14(/ I mar.Jlu,.J tJ: Llo1 I L J:>Riv_e. All ~Jt;q · SH · GLORY HOLE -~0.1 . Jt..l2No.2 ' 1/622- Nox:~>..l 7AJ! o;- v /flow .l2uL r,.,,.,_ He-w"'lP~Ir- tLJ iflV ' J?~.J-~19./"70 /AA-t':u..j ..f:J/ Dhs-·-kr S'"JlaP;41t/eJV utd J., :P.e , hNe ·. /AI)J u <1- i:>£1 Ve · J?p_..v -~4L ;t. . ;,I t?.b ,· RD I I ·,fi / . ·, . ~ .:n.;. / '\ It Examiners and Certificate umbers COUNTERSIGNEDBY ·' . r:. 46;543~W Prinling & Office _Supplies z~~-Mine Foreman · :{£'.'$"F? Certificate No. Superintendent - Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil o~ .Jnk . DATE c>v ~v 3·-2!-j-1 o SHI.FT: k! bDo AMOR$>T0 '<:DO AMORI'l!b ~00 ON-SIDFT EXAM. AMO@TQ l/ '00 .·AM OR !Iii PRE-SIDFT EXAM;·. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ c_ _ Time _ _ _-,--,...AMor PM ·Report received by:. _ _ _ _ _ _-;;:-=,---------Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS. r-.eeo; · v ....~-t-~1 5\:1\ •5'' NO._Li ~);f~ \'M~.,_~--D · .<.. c ,}')-\o.J NORTH N0.5 "'Th ·, · ,.,_,i<; .1 ,i{(O>;..Qs ,. · ,-1,\,; 'i··L!.-~·)NO. 1 ru>.eJ., "!:>" '~-v.:oi;'J 1'\e"-J... .i.-;.+0 'K:~<~ q,.,un.<:>.£.J.~ · · l.< i> ........-- . Cli?~J . . .__. (./ " J~ (./ ',. • ~\ In v.>«A K"'J " ~s. ..\ $ ~.~ ·(. /1(:, l-'L- #t. i5L ,___., ,__... Q,L.. 'J .'1:>"-<.9.-1- 13c.. f3L .. D-8cl'l -t\)..,..._, Oe."-"-~'Ur.: GLORY HOLE ,__... ,__ Be .j <;.. ' -,' (./ .· " *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OFWEEK,IIEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS . ., .. ' __ '-~'_._.,. . -·~--~--- (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BiJT NEEDINGADDITIONALATTENti0--vb#~ct:<-/ · Q% a-!'<{ I . c~~~~';...;..lt\ 0}-lq(. · 46543-BJW Printing & Office Supplies I G~ ( . r [/. -+(''rJ"r\./a.-ooz · J (J€k'L:0f' )"x:~ Certifica~e No. ---m ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS U5e Iii~elible PencU or Ink . ;- ~ DATE ;?,-;?..'-/-! 0 SHIFT: Zv£. (, frD AM OR P!!D .:'l?:.L'l-.:__0_---::'A'::M'::O"'-Rf!:'!lb"'::r':::Q="::'t':l:--:"C'-'=:::'..!.AM~O~RWI:!l!.. AM OR ra'f0 5£o.:> ON-SHIFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom_ _ _ __;__ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _ _~·AM or PM Report received by· Silzned BELTS ACTION TAKEN vj'f_[/, s Sf-.Du ~·, •J ._5'z.,t(,.-s ·INT. .)'"=' (_ ;,./'t::,ie......... NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 ... NORTHS Sh.DJ·~i.J V~lc>'-'"' i "-""-•~· <""'""''~Y J 'l'<'<-;' ""~<'>- <-~· ~.r NORTH N0.4 lfl"'-"*"'-' ..)S. " ... .· /-lt,u..::ttl . 1<'H,c ~, <· " ' " " ~~~ ' ' .....w d.,,.,.,..._. I {-hvJ-~J R;1, !leU.< • , "~\!_ I.""' . n.....J c.\.?.cv.eJ U.l\ ~ .,___..- ._../ lb.:_ ,__.. ,::, ~ ......- ..I.'S v ,JS v \>._.., d""""-w 'i > ': H . < I ' o~ ( 0 ..-..-.,.,,k,v. 1).\1 de.wt--c:J-v.J -L :~/hi;,!) II l I '\. ,, M(L INT. l,c:,. .C ' • (/ ·~ ., " NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 NORTHS NORTH6 ~;"ov«i.eJ c)<\\,;: J _S ku-<.l..J J;/J(;,,; fZ.: •.., .,) -' <~·A. · .1' -:; k.o~-k'oVl4-o .11/ /1/-,Loc.k .l NO. 1 .SPd vo:L.K.:> ~c... .· . . Be d.Lr . v-r'/otJ 13-<-- '· v GLORY HOLE r~ "'?; : pt ~~ cY5 c:>'"j . ' \1,1>1< NO• 2 ·.. ·.·' .· .· iJG l<.J:h S#ov'ltl.~_.. v- .~"?'.. '-' , ... .•, '· ' ... .. • ld~ ' . . '· COuNTERSIGNED BY ~ · • .-Mine Foreman 46543-BJW Printing & Office Supplies . Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate NO. PRE.SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Vse lndellble Pencil Ol' Ink DATE .· · I AMORPMTO AMORPM ·12-'0a.•MofffjJf03~M AMo"@:> ON·SHIFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. 3-"2-S-JtJ SHIFT:i?.-9y . .· ~-By Whom ;;;{;jqJ?,-ckftvfol Wasthisreportphonedtooutside Yes Reportreceivedby: &'1 1 '1(~ Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS . BELTS .. ·.Time ): ;;tS . £11;~ z -'t.f·.. /1/~~tiJ ·tlb'JS .=-- Needs .5Ani- C/e /), J EXAMINER *FIRE RUN .. ~}:;,\· v /((. -' .;- /Ju.dt!'d COUNT . SIGN / Ac_ ./ PRESHIFT AMo@ ~?- ''':!'··' -· ,..)., > NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 t:t~"'-~.:~.o;;~_r'2l.r·. NORTH N0.4 tt~A., NORTH N0.5 A.l.l ~-~~;..-. 1/Ud{ ,., "flrl' .~J t.o.l'l. IA'r.: ~ .n •tioJ"- ~j' R,.,,'t!,;es. tJII< ~;,..... «: COUNTERSIGNED BY .. ~~ _. . ¢ e~.....-,_ .,--Certificate No. Superintendent . Cectifica~e No. u~ ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS IndeJible Pencil or Ink ( DATE 3-~S-JtJ SmFf:Ofl'v I &:PO-'~RPMT0 j.'f7(7 ON-SIDFT EXAM. AMO"tfj) ----=A~M~OR!._!!PM~T~Q!,---------2'--~AM':!!O~RP~M PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_No_By Whom,_ ___:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.Time,_·_ _ _AM or PM '-~ .... Report received by:,_ __:__ _ _~-------Signed BELTS tli3 q. i/9/.<.-i; ACTION TAKEN 5kv~,k,d V·.ak.., d"-4"" A o.rJ · V-f>low l NORTH7 1 5:1-l ·_ ~ivawA/1 I r.1!~ ~::::r!l(.\,!.~~lt:.Q.Ic.~.~~'Y-il-ll!o;L.Jo!d u:.u ~,J fln~r.rl ...1 &x c.k - . • ' I GLORY HOLE NORTH4 IA"A,...: n J ' .auu ' ' 76'-JZNO.l --. '' lfl,,7z.NO. 2 Jll52z. #/ .... , . - ~ '' I COUNTERSIGNED BY -;;;;/b(. . 1 ; . ___. Mine Foreman . 46543-BJW Printing & Office Supplies, Certificate No. "Superintendent Certificate No. PRE-SHIFf EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible PeneU or Ink DATE· 3~.)$"- I 0 SHIFT:f'V£ AMORPMTO AM OR PM 8'QQ Wasthis~portphonedtooutside f\ro~± NORTHNQ/8 GLORY HOLE TC,NO.l . i-ra No.2 Ul''l:l .ot) 0--D...-.,. {> "''""· ..\,. ,~f =.L J • u"""' . .a r· C,/, GV l;rc:; ~ ~.u, flee:r, 19fo1 U.:*IJt<>A/"' e '"'' . _c~t·""'~ r ~\_.,_..,.. s S rr-s A---ITA../ I *FIRE RUN vv iv ~U. l~u COUNT SIGN ~ :- . /../' u-s. r (. "- .17' .,.,. 00"./..d c ...-. .1_ Ne,odS S _If] . PRESIDFT lv .. cr~::.~~o;:;- H. -•· -'- I .-:1'??-"'rh: l ..\~ f. cu r_.,. c~ ~ lr,u lt-~~G,et!.}lot>,!J/P~-'.tt..-z~ NORTHN0.6 INe~..s_ NORTH N0.7 EXAMINER ~ ,___ liT'\ -Js t.-- v---- J5 ' *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHlFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS . :,, {.' -· -·-- (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONALATTENTION)REMARKS: -~------~-- ~ o.y ( oz co ec s ' C6.M9-e.cr J ' .i2 Q ';y2 o? 0-136 vq Puwps • l.t)9-.t~.. NORTHS . 0' ' .. . ' . . ·>" ' ' ' l.. ·, ' ...;_. SIGNED BY: _.<0..;:: ~- I ~ J<.r9-,_ Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY -z:-AA '· 46543--BJW ~rinting & Office Supplies . Mine Foreman £ ;:af!6? Certificate No. ;·. :.· : · Superintendent Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Ii1dellble Peneil or Ink DATE~ ~9- G~c a 0 ul ( SHIFT: ' Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No VByWhom,_ _ __:__:__ _ _ _ Time,--'---~AM or PM Reportrece'vedby· I (3tPr/~~"f"'" cr 0(/"t' Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS. ../ ., lr;Lo GLv I .. :•. , _...,..., J"S' _· _ ·, _:._., . ~,((h·#=-~' flletJS Uvs+eJ etf,s ·-#-r;- fl/et/)5 .>fflf c te..MJ ctttJ OosfrJ t.o fl ~ '1'14111 ?fkeos .~P# cle•nrJ C(/ld Pvt;frd .·: rez Jc:.t vf A/'PeJ~ NORTH N0.5 NORTH N0.7 · .. ·. ~FIRE RUN •.: .·\.I.-:,; -[.•c! I . ·1. ·' ' 9 .. K~l,.c•~~~ (;t,4UI NORTH N0.4 -r tVetJ te~:t •,1.. r~:~~!'~ii~"1J/.sCJ~f . • /ve , 4o /-rOT e . . NORTH N0.6 -- \.' NORTH N0.3 . COUNT PRESHIFJ:.. SIGN - EXAMINER i,u Clr•nill,/1/ut~s .< :. <{:' (j(C ·v: t.le•~- '!f'oifl'r~t v- GLv : { MeJs flv.5+ei 11/"et'J.$ "J/tlt Cfl411el l/'1 ~t'ld Gt..v JVeetJ5 Slut Cfe~MJ _c;IIJ f}vf:teJ < 7s I/'"' .. > . -.· ._. .. ,.._., ·'· .. ., . ·,· v ' NORTH N0.8 1"G N0.1 /}-{!,g)( /f/f:eJ5_ 7(, N0.2 11/'t'eJS GLORY HOLE -Pv r1P oA ~ rJ.5 ttflJ fJv(f~ S/of .C I fftflfJ ',ffflf cte~flrJ ~JVqter n ,f1- -rqt'f '·''':-'·· .·.. • ·' ;~;-'' -' ::.-' ~ ·. . . ,._/ ~- .. :.• - . JfGJ..J. if :1- ~~~~~ 1Ut ~~:~~1 (ttJ '1,)t-t:/J 1 .,.. T.S -. . • '· ... -· ' . -~-:IJ:lR¥ RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS •.'·' .' ,.. .... ;";.---- ---· ····-· ---- . ... - .. ···-·-··- -. ... .... .. .. . . --- . . . - . · · (ITEMS NOTA HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) lmMARKS: 2 ;;,~f:.·O~C('lt 2o.~X0 / . Ofbt C..P Qe-teC-IfJ fc;5; C4qf£tfJ/ D-dr~x&.51 fvfVII>t dQ"'tvrt~;~~iff'rot~ t?f< , .. ' lfi- 'ti/VIe .Superintendent · rJP el<~l'l Certifica~e No. sieih~ ~Jiti;.J--: '37s/,7 ., . ,, .. ·::;t>f:\:· ,, .. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pend! or Ink DATE 3,..1, -.I O . SHIFf: Ov{ AMORPM. AMORPMTO elORPM ON-SHIFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No /By Who"''-----'--~~---___,-Time_ _ _ _ _AM or PM Report received by: {3{Pv_f4t OV+ Signed BELTS SOUTH 1 ACTION TAKEN f3/)i ') t'A .. NORTHIJ{/i '). , "'" ~~A CA ,.}, iG /l.-/1 A -fl INT. /.£.- ~~- . .. .. . d NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 cJer,lled·}:flor.l T4ft!' ..,.).,, JJ_./ "· JL j? NORTHS NORTH6 w .ilfl-flov ' . I NORTH7 " . 61.<:. . NORTHS .. ' . . .-, GLORY HOLE . . . . ·. LBBNO.l l. ;· ' ' LBBN0.2. , ' , . ... e111J ttlf .• c.te"11eJ ' 11-Ffow Gt.v .. '?. :·• ·: .> ._.. • (]', ,,,. . -,; .:'"· ·~-·-·. ·- \> .. ,;· . .;. ....-·· ,_.-_,-.; ·:,= <: .. .. Belt Examiners and Cei1ific8te Numbers . COUN'i'E,~IGNED BY ~·,.,/ 46543-BJW Printing & OHice Supplies PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pendl or Ink DATE AMORPM : . AMORPMTO / 2.'t:Jt:J AMotfijirO ? !OCt AMo'6i) PRE-SHIFT EXAM. ON-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No_ By Whom_ _~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time AM or PM Report received by: _ _ _ _ _- , : ; c c : c - : ; - - - - - - - Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS. fi7/>:$ 1(. .£1lr3S '1,,, ,. 1 I 1• 11/. /JuJt:ed I/Ve,.d's C" .'-/ c/M/1/f',e::/ I-,t;'-'.St~,;, ' .'f I NORTH N0.6 I I I NORTH N0.7 IL~"ft. ~i;;,;;,J;,J._~-;y;n:>,b. •· lre~.Ke.uo t.t~s tt..IJ 1'1.... :AJ~ K~ ~ u . N0RTHNO.S r.f~s.S,o\-., ./ R~ / A,- +..:l~ U,: · - Ln:N;..,,. ii/1 ''· ..,_ _L L .1. I ~~ IJ"IO. . .. ·--~1-\ .r SH ,/ 7/;j2NO.l P.ol:f ~.. P-A.l;-h·oll'cJ bu..~;~~ .. ·.r... · .1. C.••f tl.n ... J 7lHJNO.z li:..H •~~>•.l.. A..l hi,·....,! "· lv e.l\ J I _.... J) .if" '//1/1. t/" /'~ ,?/ 5'-•S'O t..r..+o o. •·. "" -1-~0 SSt~ . .r:'.: fi-,. v;·~l!!A/ Ch~d afC12mp,-_-zfr.tM t1k 4- t:,ezf" R(- e~ . . . ·Belt Examiners and Certificate NumberS .- ·-" · ·- ·46543-BJWP,ot;,g&OH;oo S"PP'~' · _ ·.. '~;, . . t2tf eYdln ~787 . Certificate No. . ~ c~ j b t(nA. Mine.Foreman . , _ COUNTERSIGNED BY~~- ' , . -·· .' .. . .. ' ~---'--~~-'-~'-- ''-c.. ' •k ·. s - Superintendent CertifiCate N~. mr . ' . . . . . ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS ;. Iruldlbl< P••cll o' Ink ,(··'!: O~TE 3•;/-/CJ SHIFf: /J,qy · b:OO@iR_PMTO ~:00 hMO~'. AMORPMTO ~~i'tf~ W~-. thisr7~ort phoned to outside Yes_ No_ By Whom ON SHIFT EXAM. AM OR PM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Time AMorPM received by: ' •:· '.,: ', Signed .. BELTS ACTION TAKEN .' :I ' . CL. :. -£11/s ~0 .J .J.o.f R.o l J.v. L'ONIIili'-A/1 deniC~ ~-" ..U,.n.J ·_ 1-b.rJ ... ../.. 1 NORTH4 NORTHS NORTH6 •: I· .. SH Rt: ./../ -1:a 4 U.... .J St{ E.I-I Sf! A J.!.,.. ,.I ol. 1\l'iAI'fc. ~l>~a GLORY HOLE ~tl. el.!'f5?;;:·'t"·'-·-~ Mine Foreman 46543-BJW Printing_ & Office Supplies Certificate No. Superintendent _, Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS · Use Indelible Peodl or Ink SHIFT: .fv~ AM OR@TO ll ee> WOO' AMo'l!@t>TQ "i$qQ -AMOR!!l\b ·ON-SHIFT EXAM. w_~~-!!* report phoned to outside AM Ol!cl'.!!> · PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Yes_ NoL By Who~f""6l-t- 0 ..;/- Time._ _ _ _AMorPM ...>Report received by:_-'-----;;:-cc-:-:;----~---­ Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS. Ctv~ Nol-l EXAMINER •~ e.e_C)" 1'1 "_.,>,.••A 4 .,-~ Ot:,5.NO.S • NORTH N0.2 ._... Be 1\.)eeo c, D. sii-...J PRESHIFT Be '-'"" -~.::: . ........ Be.. ._. c..,u t.- c~~~T *FIRE RUN .'· "\ .. NORTH N0.3 ' N0.4 NORTH ~1'-t.lA~~"<.IS n<. Wo..ll ~::~~t~ ._,,-. ,. _, '""-''''"' lro"""" GLORY HOLE ·~~loO ~ ·.,~.. .• e.. """" 1'-..-.c.-\-.e.J. MtJ, ~ -~,..~,.,, '>1.~\~ .I b-~st-«_;1:; . .;:<:+l:D -\ I'-'""'~'- ,_ llbuN0.2 IN«.e..t>' ... :!b-1 I""'"''" - ~-1 ' .GU . · ,\.,i.u\ .•LI _, c=,u • ..,;. •.._~~ :;,e.,, .,;I-., IG. \..- '-""" ·cu L,...o c:,u ........... _.,_, n '-' J - '. •. ··,. -~· . . ... ..... (~U lll du.;;-\. ~... ,.S. s. ~,.;luol.e...,.;-:..,v A.-.~ . Gu 1.1-rt-o:>D ·'·'""'·~-C ~LI. l .-\1. ...1 '"-~*- "-"' d ...k.. ''"·"··~ 1--1 b 2.1. .... ,,., t'er.r ai4 .-. J I >Pj """'h {).. i.'>, l';z,t-NO.l . ,. ' . ,_ . *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS .-··· (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING Ain>rrloNALA'rTENTION)REMARks: -~---,--------~~/ . () . . 01 'l.-( J In Cfit/ 1 ~ppw.CD i ,d.Q.2'?U2 0 be:fedc!l ... I i >tSIM! \ C kuc- COUNTERSIGNED BY 0~ . Cb ,,,.,;f.., a.c. ~ l..re.U. . ¥ I I c:.lecVL I o.t.5'l- ?' IC'4A=- ... ·~ ·,... - - Mine Foreman · 46543-BJW Printing & Ofllce Supplies r Certificate No. SUperintendent Certifica~e No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use IndeUble PencU or Ink DATE SHIFTi 3-.2.1o ·It> «:; iJ f.. .(,(2<) AMOR@TQ 8(!)0 AMORfl!l) ON-SIDFT EXAM. g<¢c; AMOR<$DTQ I { 0'-'>AMORIO!\•-, PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time~----'AM or PM Report received by:: - - - - - - - - = - , - - - - - - - - - - - - s·•gn•d · BELTS :.t:ll:~ ACTION TAKEN '-{ INT. S'··~..teJ 1/ -.-.r~ _t;H!s5 ~<' .::, .- NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 NORTHS She ue.I.J -, 1/ .,·,{r;;, .i a;;f 1?( ,a;.,•. , +-y.,-,., "'- ·1-u:.i NORTH6 NORTH7 l...onsii ,;a_lf ' ....... GLORY HOLE 'iro'L1NO. 1 . lr62.;t. NO.2 .. 1-((:, .')..l :It i ' . . 7 I SIGNED BY: · .§:"' ~~~ .13£J/...,_, B~e: and Certllica~ ,..___ ~ / flCj;?•... ·. . Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY ~~ Mine Foreman . 46543--BJW Printing & OHice Supplies Certiticate No. ··~- Superintenderi.t" ' Certilicat~ No."· 1 "'''"'"" ••••• •<~"" 1 PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS . DATE 3'-')7-/ 0 . SHIFT: tJw / AMORPMTO AM OR PM : 3/s-o ON-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No](_ By Whom 6'r¢,&J-av±:: Ct.iltoRPMTO ~- '(!#'ORPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Time._ _ _~AMorPM Report received by:. _ _ _ _ _ _=----,----------'Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS ' BELTS .. 'Stl/s 41-., £/f,c,S i rJ~JS{e.d ,;e-e-A Ovs~d ..P 'Y::b-/d. SHIFT lv( hlet"ck ;- PRE' EXAMINER i .. *FIRE RUN- ~ - vu ./ COUNT SIGN NORTH N0.2 ' NORTH N0.3 ::t."~"'s olpp~< ~ NORTH N0.4 ''b~~"'P c;\t., c~ n 'sJ.:,._ i. 1'\'< ~c4' r :/, AL: NORTHNO.S T,<>IL,vp "'~e.-15 <'lei.! c ~~ ...t ~. · ..,_._,..J, S,;,o-i C lo .,_ NORTH N0.6 1-1-e.._.ls ~-./ NORTH N0.7 1\1-e -e. ...l s- 0 u<: .\-e cl ~ {,.Jv-'~y(\, u GLORY HOLE N .IJ, S.oo-1 c.{,.., -1' f\o (},, ,.,.-- lc,,;u~ 2 J3e\-h \ . de rvn ft. " f\ei"'.L ?J-T.A. 'I J AJ.J >.r'Of . c 1• ' - C.v t...-!3 . I @,., \-\ S Td(p '--"""" lc;,v oC ,/l ./ lvc ' 0;-;i,.J 1(;-l"J_~.l i-ltd2J*I f: J ,.- Ovs.M Ff.,_,.. r:L.& c-1<' SfJ, -i 0-llc.v 0 -· WG e, u r / (./ - ' . ~ l~,r; 6v Cv- '( du:r/,'AI . . - ' ' .. *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A.HAZARD Bi)TJii:EEDING ADDI'fiONALATTENTION) REMARKS:. ~-- - - - - - - - - ' - · .'_·'_.--'-- ~ C0c./ 0? CD ;) OS',{o? , . \ .. · ·. I ; . ' Belt Examiners aDd Certificate Nurri'bers COUNTERSIGNED BY -~ ... -- _ Mine Foreman · 46543-BJW Printing & Office Supplies ··~$3~ ,J_{,/76 ... Certificate No. --._ ...... , ':"··\ Superintendent ~ertifica~e No_. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Inddlble PencU or Ink SHIFT: C).NI /too AMo"@TO J>1ck..,.. [} !.<> -1./ £ JI,<;,S •. INT. 1?-c . NORTH2 NORTH3 '?<... NORTH4 s,i~;_.t.,9 v~_;i""" NORTHS Si?dV~i·J V-pip..,; .e.A PJ.:o,,_,-f~tu. NORTH6 cl ...r~b.J NORTH7 (...( 7\ 1//JI.. 1 _,;;_,.~, ·+ -1 ,,:;JJ 1~ ~ ~-(./ • c;u '. NORTHS GLORY HOLE . . _:...N0.1 _3N0.2 J.J tJJ ::tt I c_/,..n.r.-c d . .. ·- . o "' "'\"A-: I ~- ·-·-· ---· t:v oK SIGNED BY:· ···~ •· • ~ /.f _;> c;ik;? Belt Exanuners~nd ~er"tific~ Numbers t'-;__.;z't'4- c~~, F?r¥--4- COUNTERSIGNED BY--.-:.~,4...1-~»::,u..,...............-, .. ~=---.:..·.~~J,'J~fi:'2:.·7--Mine Fo~man 46543-BJW Printfng & OHice Supplies Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate N?· PRE.SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Usc Inilellbie Pencil or Ink SHIFT: ,O.y.- DATEJ·..27'/0 TO ON-SHIFT EXAM. AM OR PM AM oR PM /.2- '"' AM OR PM TO 3 o- er PRE-SHIFT EXAM. AM oR!fil Was this report phoned to o.utside Yes__ No__ ByWhom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __:___Time,_ _--'-'--AM or PM Report received b y : · - - - - - - = - - : - - - - - - - - Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER IIAZARDOUS BELTS .. RLP'·£ """~ ~..-/,.;.;.; -- ..;.. - ·' .. ~- ~~-./" EXAMINER '7..J h .o--J07- ~ ,":::1(, ~ ./ PRE- SHIFT -::5/1.15' _..- -::JA'Lf ~ ~..a ...... COUNT SIGN '!'FIRE RUN ' _P NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 NORTH N0.5 ~~-~ . [~ .r _,_....t..I-:J ~ 7,! r ,_ ~ /~llVJJ~ c~- diJ.t.J...·I\)qv /)-g., ;r II'- A7. """ .-:r/:. ./. /.. ·7-~ ':T-#.d ,._ -:JALI' t/ S/9' t.-/' II"' v' S// ../' LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 ,#d) .J.. 2- tl'/ " vi ~.:/_ ~'A , A,;/,". 7i; 2:2- ,.../ ..;rotA _/?Cs • .· 7i:;;:2..2.. ~:2.. 7:./A ~C.s • , I"'../... ± , . o.k .S// .......- J'# s# o,l::. *FlRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER. LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS . . . (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING Ai:mr:iiONALATTENTION)IffiMA.RKs: ~---------- 07. c...A'I CJ?:- co .,._ .;;._,, P' 7, i!?:z.- ~- Belt EXaminers and Cer_tificate Numbers · £4 cOUNTERSIGNED'BY · · 46543-BJW Printing & OffiCe Supplies e _.. Mine Forem&n · Certificate No. Superintendent Certifica~e No_. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Penc::U or Ink DATE 3 27 (OsmFT:0;t AMORPMTO AMORPM AM OR PM ON-SHIFT EXAM. PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time,_ _ _ ___,.M or PM R eport received by· Sh~ned BELTS ACTION TAKEN 1- .-------- INT. r--;i!.Y,:·.L'H .. ~..,:;_·__ - ' ; . ._,: - - NORTH2 NORTH3 ' ' NORTH4 ~ NORTH6 -r ..IJ z;.J ~- NORTHS j..::r b~ ~ ~~ ~ NORTH7 L-fwA·II -- j_ (V) (.lrJ e 1e1.4oNI v ,\4:1__ n rJ _-zz.. /_/_ &e 5~I lr/A )L~ .S/7 If., ·.· . .. ·' .::::>~ • :r ~~ ·.IlL _GLORY HOLE LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 .. .. ' ' ' .-. -- ; _. i ' . !" ' - ' ' I '\ ' ·, ;_ ' ;:·--:·. I1-:. :-.;c_ •-••. .. 1"---_·\-_ . ·'' \ . . -- .. . .. : ' Belt Examiners and·-Cedificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY_-:z:::;--H--_..~:;e;«<~""""""""''-----.z3.,zz.~_c;_""-~--!::-_ · Mine Foreman 46543:-BJW Printing & OffiCe Supplies CertHfcate No. ~uperintendent Certificate No. '-.,.,. '· PRE·SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS ""lnd'""''•'"'"•<~•• DATE z't~O.MoWG'o /UCl 3-17-/ OsmFT: £ Yt:." AMo&O ON-SIDFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No --~AM=o•=•M""'T,_,O'----"AM"'-'o"'-•PM= PRE-SHIFf EXAM. /uy Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time AM or PM Report received by:. _ _ _ _ _- ; ; ; : : = c ; - - - - - - - Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS .... ' ,. ::'-o> . 6/l/:~_:./f_; .~ .•t-//:/5.5 EXAMINER /Vt::cc/5 iJvs 1 f>d /luJ.5 5flctr:r C/eCoA,.d -r- tJus. "1- c-l J NORTH N0.5 lt.b, · NORTHN0.6 NORTH N0.7 ... .1~ J11> .b.' " "" .L lv ;...J ,..,.), d" ..._j . t;., :.1:£ jj_/ f./.. .A ./LN.~ ;,~... ./. ·l~\ !A/~U'· .J1b'ii0l CtdO 13/J ~t. , tf..l,~~ /'..J .IJ .L £-.1 cJ e.......\\.e, ~ OoSI-·'-'1\ I /' /31..- ,...... fjc_; / SM - . GLORYHOLE v' ../ LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 . I"Ji9, z. l- .tT-I ~I "'- '\ 'VI(_. ,..J /I' L J..la €f s 1'1"6 zz ttz.. :t:'Ol e -.) c l~c-J ~.\~~-et~ ...~ ' 1//&-fiJ~ 1 h> ..,JJ.._ , .../ .L , . ~yl;'\ .............. . I. v'rkA/':. ..u fjc, v *FlRE RUN EXAMlNATION: AFTER LAST PRODiJCTION SHIFfOF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZA.RQ'BUT NEEDING ADDITIONALATIENTION) REMARKS: ---~-----­ (!) %c.k¢~~"Fap.i' oz,.. O%c.o 1Jotc../?- t-fou'r(~r- P,./c.~$ - Kv#f ~ 0-&.x~s- ~~5- tfl/ cl~e>/'· tJc,-Y!C ift"~ . . aminers a~;..ceruncate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY__,..,Hh~"~"'·"""'.'"'"""-"'""'-'-,------· .,zl-"3""'30""-rl-z:·:____ · 46s4~BJW Printing & Office Supplies Mine Foreman Certificate No. Superintendent Certifica~e No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pendl o.r Ink c DATE AMORI'ii!'TO /).PO' . .,).!. #tOk\ ·' J_ .l· r-.bJ4dx GLORY HOLE ,._. ___ - : ,c: ' n ' ~~/- 7:/ /Ql- /." NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 ~d A ,;? 0 0 Time . EXAMINER 2 ....-rJ /_ A.L NORTH N0.2 ~· .v~ ... ..;~e- · Certifica~e No:. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS uu••••"''''"'"''".. DATE3-..:Z.8'"·/0 SHIF~GL~ AMORPMTO IP AMO~PMTQ AMORPM ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMORPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to ontside Yes_ No_ ByWbom,_ _ _ _ _ ____:__ _ _ _ Time,_~--·~AM or PM R eport r ece'IVed by . Sie:ned BELTS ACTION TAKEN . SOUTHl -- \ .. ; NORTHl INT. __ ;. _,- .. --.:~:....:_,. NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 .. '• ~,.7 k/r-~ A>.L ..;;;- 7::. -· / ~ A ' / NORTHS NORTH6 NORTH7 A ~.;, • J I. /o ...IL // ... -:_, ~ .ll -:f"~ ~ NoA.fi. ,flflot..J + .-: -' /fl• ~ ::>~ I"' J IJi.J .. .. GLORY HOLE ·!!r:-z2-# 1 t" le,.;~# T.r.> '27'"" ·.I . "'' ~- < o.u - , ~- / .• ---~:...-...,- ~ A .,4,;.,~ /L....IJ ' J J.. .,. /.'. D~""...t.·~~ " ... v/1iJ I .. . . ·.:· Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY ~---<--' Mine Foreman · 46543-BJW Printing & Oftice Supplle9 '.'· Certilicate No. · Superintendent C~.r~ficate No. · PRE"SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pend! or Ink DATE 3·~2-\0 SHIFT: C'V( AMORPMTO 3oa AMORPM ON-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ Noj[_ By Whom {)oo ~\c-.--\ AMo&§TO /lex:::>· AM"'@ PRE-SHIFT EXAM. l':JSt- Time_ _ _. ,. ... -AMorPM Report received by: _ _ _ _ _- - - ; : ; - : : - - ; - - - - - - - Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER IIAZARDOUS .. BELTS .. EXAMINER PRE· SIDFT COUNT SIGN *FIRE RUN NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 . weecl.s. s.a,'-t c.JNe~Js 5.~of I. ./_~ .Jvs4. :.. d._,_.~·,:-:·:·. . (11'Ei\1SNO;TA HAZARDBlJT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: 0?: q 'f C7;:; CD o( 0 -------'--~~~- c6 2o? •, . COUNTERSI(;NED BY---,-.~?7"'-; .,.$""'.'.Pi'=·,...<<-<-"'-c-~-'-· .- _46543-BJW Prlnilng & Office Supplies .,Mine Foreman . '3,7~ Certificate No. Superintendent Certifica~e N~. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS .: ""'"''"'"'Pend! or Ink /R·.:.: •.. - GLORY HOLE :. . ' LBBNO.l '··· LBBN0.2 ' . ,,, . . . ... \ SIGNEDBY: ~"""" ~ )-_> :J c;9._ Belt Examiners and Certificate Nwnbers Belt Examiners and· Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY :z:-An"~ Mine Foreman 116543-BJW Printlrt9 & Office Supplies Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate No; PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencil or Ink SIDFT: t::J"t/ I AMORPMTO AMORPM ON-SHIFT EXAM. _,)c.=~:..::c)"-------'!@"""'OR,_,PM_,__,_T""'O_'~==O'-''R:1'AM"-'""'-'O""RPM= PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_N~ By Whom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _:--_---:-Time_ _ _ _.AM or PM Report received by· Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS._ ~-1\v _'1..,. _1 ,_ EXAMINER ?c../ 0<-'Sied fleed.5 5£Jo f C{ P. _; .J r'J v5 -1-u{ Nee-J.s PRE· SHIFT _..., ~d ...__.. G;t/ G,<../ ....--- ~(./ _,- COUNT SIGN *FIRE RUN NORTH N0.2 NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 NORTH N0.5 NORTH N0.6 NORTHN0.7 14- ter'P' , 'i?r """ 7 4 o -H if] -GaY o- - _,u, · _./ - ZJS v &:s J NORTH N0.8 'GLORY HOLE r'c <'k LBBNO.l LBBN0.2 n;=~' 7 G.&a.>{[; & /.,/r:; .d5l ~ l 2. ..-;jj ,t;;;{,nU .o J_s :t9v sT',., cl-S J J ,_;, J *FlRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONALATTEN'fiON)REMARKS: ~----'-----+--'--~- M ct..v· - ceco ,)6tl?2t~ .:..f.:...L\-'?1~, ... JL NORTH I \.J~flt:ev J ,j{ Le- ,A/ r. NORTH2 }JJJL. Jt) .l NORTH3 NORTH4 cr. NORTHS C.JCOv'l-e...d__ j NORTH6 0(\ 6/ A./ Jl j. G c-f.£~-:.1"' ..1'7'"--/- dnu.. s I ~;__,J -A cv'\ d vS ~ -11. .I' M-1//. '-' L4; I f:6w INT. , ' . ~"'v RcJJI ~J f - NORTH7 .. NORTHS. GLORY HOLE LBBNO •.l LBBN0.2 -;c,:').'FJ..~ / C/.,,o- dt....l: t J-a)// lv<>c .!JJ.oVC'eJ L. ,' ,r:p. 1 ;',.) "" . 55 I .· ' • 1 u/111 J J /fl. ·''/ . ._ ' r ~d it. -! •'. J! ----A( ,=~ COUNTERSIGNED BY----,,;:,.4:......<:~~.....,.--,.,_..::::___ _ _ --""'""·''l""·"·. .oc-.- i. J.i.''_'"'f:c'f· Mine Foreman 46543--BJW Printing & Office Supplies Certificlite No. Supel-intende~l Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use lnddlble Pencil or Ink DATE3·ifH0 sHIFT:_LhtnAtt"l----..) {:. Was tbis report phoned to outside YesL No_ By Report receive . dby: AMORPMTo AMO~;·M ON-SHIFT EXAM. EXAMINER NORTH N0.2 A~~.e . . AM or@> PRESlllFT COUNT SIGN •FIRE RUN .. . - v-.· ~}I T , c1 : 47 v sM.· . 'Ei.l~·.iNO.$ J('ee.cls, '!m..-1- tl~ !eJ;::II\lY,--~----Time Sioned . VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS ,. BELTS ... 'v,:oo .. ·,'·'·; I NORTH N0.3 N()RTHN0.4 N0.5 ... ..NORTH NORTH N0.6 ; NORTH N0.7 H~nrl Af<>~~ls <:lu•rd m~~~~ ,"j~ fi~~·~L...1·1-L•• " I,. I(,,_,"' 1\ol,lf - s" ~Jp.-. .. ,,1~1\IJ~ .>I 'sM+ M'e.<>dtt<;V'¢1\\t - K"''""'lc f\•,..1. ~~ov'\'\ <21?K Tn~h.,""'-' UN'({ . n ="f-...c -/. :Je Sllln-1- I'_I~Nd q_ f'!ude.J M'e_e.-k I)~s}~ I .. y-·· . ;-·. -:IN / ·-"J' N" . / .· .. · .. . . ; ; *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS - .· :; . (ITEMS NOTA HAZARD BUTNEEDINGADDITIONALATIENTION)REMARKS: -----'-~---'-'.:..;·~-'-'.\'.:..;·.._ . {rl.Cll" J d,o."6%ff · Jd~~ (O.I&1er±J. ~ o.J n:em -b'~~ . ,··· ... .--··. ..... Superintendent Certifica~ NO. .· ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS AMORPMTO ON-SHIFT EXAM. AMORPM AMORPMTO AMORPM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. --'----------'-'_Time·---~AM or PM ·.'·..:· '.:'; < · · .. ::;r:p:,-;5 Mine F'orenian Certificate No. · s.uperintendent ( Certificate No. Printing & 0Hice.Supp1ies ; i PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use lnddlble Pencil or Ink DATE J-zq-1 o 'f:V{ SHIFT: k> c"' TO Ski 0 ON-SHIFT EXAM. AM OR.,. ~00 AM OR®!? AMO~T0 "itO....::: AMOK:$ PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No~ By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time,_ _ _ _ _.AM or PM Report received b y : · - - - - - - - = - o - - - - - - - - Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER IIAZARDOUS BELTS. ((I,>;,- NO.4 Cil;~ • N0.5 1'\'<. ;:,o>\ c. \ec•"-""·' ~ I)"~\""' NORTH N0.2 PRE· EXAMINER COUNT SIGN *FIRE RUN NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 NORTHNO..S 17R~uD Orr·.;e- He>"_CL!'.eehc 1 let~•w ,,eeD.J_ U\!1_±_D..,.<·~· .( NORTHN0.7 . I" 5 'D ...~t~.A i.c.~l.C.,(,.l...t:-if·· :-·.·>" ~i>s D,A;f..-) -Pro""- 'Kt.tJl- :S·t"""-"" "'"'+ NORTH N0.6 GLORY HOLE J(, "-'• D-13"'""' ·p"""""''" 1\l ;?,J\, .:.\&."'~.1 .... • . 1~1(,2£ lt'l ,_. JS ...__ a:.)<:l.,.,i ,)"""'" '-""' v ....;.-h,,l ... h"-~b.s. · 'Dc.d-..,_f ' ~ ~ & .iS de,·«:v>"'- l'>. , ...1-~J <. .,\S ,__ . ,_. .j'S . *FIRE RUN EXAMiNATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONALATTEN'fiON) REMARKS: - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - 0'& cI-ll/ I Q11 I Dp.r~v-" . " co I . .,1{) !f5't•. C)'- oe.:l ed-·j . 7 q ,_ /J!,a.'o/1 dte.<.."tC. t? · CO~o . -.l:·~,.r.t, t:-...A.A. c/£?<.'L cd . £..KL..c.A- · B COUNTERSIGNED BY ·' . ·.:46543--sJW Println9 &.(lfllce Supplies -z'&~ Mine Foreman Certificate No. Superintendent Certitica~e No:. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use IndeJible Pencil or Ink S-21-;o DATE SHIFf: 'f,-t./(_ (qOO AMOR'P$TO '?'ov ON-SIDFT EXAM. AMo~ fZ(.'j() AMO~ I feU AMORl\ID PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ By Wbom_ _ _ _ _~_ _ _ _ _ _ Time._ _ _ _~AM or PM _ Report received by: _ _ _ _ _ _--;;;----;---------Signed BELTS '<[ {(,:, ACTION TAKEN (I :S"ov•i"A INT. 8C V/::>(O[<>0 ;S. C is? c:' •.:f ;cla '"' •/-/.,,.,_, I NORTH6 NORTH7 . :i.....:;;njl:~u/t GLORY HOLE T6t.l. N0.1 Taz . . NO.2 H& ,___ 2 ' :t:t::1 . SIGNED BY: Ud&'&f<=C'~~ t ?J!;--14- Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers . Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNEDBY ;;;;--~ Mine Foreman . 46543-BJW Printing & Office Supplies Certificate No• Superintendent Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Plmell or Ink 3 <3 l)·-to DATE 0'-'-' I SHIFf: li~'V goa "> 5<-•""- :'ir>·;.i; o\""-i'< "' ,~!Jid"-"),.,,1 G0-+7..,,-dlo/i.. / "''''-". """".<,\- d..-uW.J rl '<£-t"> S Or ~-;\--~,9 - h, , ...!,('to'" ,X\,r;t_~ ,<;+..occ"e tc.-u'l- GLORY HOLE 'f)·-i? : .l.JVuM-'b ' ry,\i C \e.ru1. / <.~::A (\E'c40e·l·et>.l ,__ /3(_ ....... 8G 1..-- 05 /./ JS D , "-\."' 0 --:-r;;,1 V>O'hk cut-lui det:,tAu: h, :z;:i NO. 1 lJJ.b z. 1..- j:J:. ( B(_ · .nP.€1:\' No.2 1/ .· 1-o,,;q,ucz-fi na. *FIRE RUN . NORTH N0.5 •--r;kuD 1\e"-'>> ,.,JJ,. ld.""-"'•W.I\.-\--49 .. (...-- . *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFfER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFf OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAYAND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDlNGADi>ITIONALATTENTION)RE\v(ARKs: ~-----'------~ [flo (1/t/, COUNTERSIGNED BY . CJ.a,;> •.., /D, ft/14_;.;.;. · < · Mine Forema.D ·.'.": 46543-B.JW Printing & Office Supplies RAM/Jd/£_ Jd,....,.,..,...., jS.J.I-/9 CJ8.13% 02..-:-t:>e+eof-e..e/ . · · . ]'J7$;1 Certificate No. Superintendent ·certifica~e •.Sedb 1/J.t;;,J. ~7 5 ~ 7 No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pencll or Ink DATE 3-Se-Ju ·SHIFT: DG->i /100 AMo.-TQ 300 c1ll OR PM TO & $ Ck) q;&l!oRPM '0N-SillFT EXAM. 1.5; 2- @:DR PM PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No__ ByWhom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time,_ _ _'----_.AM or PM Report received by=-------------~--­ s·tgned BELTS Cij,) 4. z::/l.s.t ACTION TAKEN INT. Sho-.>eleJ·v....;~._, -~c::._ j_ -' " ""J/.J,. Lc. ... 7 NORTH2 NORTH3 NORTH4 NORTHS 5.h<>vd~J V-o,Co~+ l.{.,,.:, > d I NORTH6 ::>i-oc. «.,.~1 V--r.olo-', ."* flo,.-ifr.,.J..i:o.:J ·-l.r. ' o <1- I i-7ot0+1Y-kll-d ,<:\'--<'<< -~ l.c.-.;•lc- . .· ~#ou.d ""' j';j:l A;Jo Ll.'lt.l-ack ··· \LJt N0.2 (;3c. L-f_ ' GLORY HOLE N0.1 ~c. / J T~zz.. i:S( • / .... edJl ~L ,: -=1 :~ . ' . 1-f& zc-Jl=/ COUNTERSIGNED BY ~v.,.... _,; . · 46543-BJW Prinling & Office Supplies Mine Foreman .·.,·,:_.,.·certificate No. Superintendent Certific~te No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use IndeJiblt Pencil or Ink 3-30-JtJ DATE SHIFT: 019v I AM0RPMT0 AM OR PM j:J:fljjAMO"(fjf0 3:pd PRE-SHIFT EXAM. · ON-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No_ By Whorn'--'.7;"-=-'J,"'Jf/---"-.!V.'-'e"'t!cc~rv_·_ _ _ _ _ Time Report received by· ~ : 5'~ AM0!(5> AM o@_ - /?w.Jt»l~'!'3J . M\\C.ll.b ~..J.s AJJ tb.J,:Os._ .lrt...d.s"' L~l- iC'.d C,bi•-c• .... 1(~11.· ~~t. y ~'"'"·'·~·/' IV~e,l .Oe.-!:-l~d ' .J l(~s .!)~_-.\~ ~nfj\ It r..l< b. • C.L v GLORY HOLE ~~ 'lbt:JlNO.l ~.:U.N0.2 .A/. j /.),_ ,L_ 'J't[ Ua~;+ . 7A,'/;vu/s ah c~-.:.v.. <~:0../- ../Y. o~ .[ " ~" :/ ,/ J?A SH St-1 ~I\ ./" ..-.. ' -{ ' . i' ; lv.': ~'. ) :,:~ \T ~ 'J" " HG-ll. #I "· ' .LJu,,ld, ::> P~ il }f,7'$ t>..-6 .3 k,/14. tl.-fbv -£k, Vt!-\Jl( ; ··,\' •-,.· *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCtiON SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOTA HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: ~------'--~-- i2%clt~ 2fJ.(%tJz.J 0 #""' c.a d tum e. ttl IY¢4"" Belt Examine-rs and Certilicate Numbers ··•COliNTERS~iGNEDBY ~. · · 46543--BJW Prinling & Oflica !:!upplles Mine·Forem:an Certificate No. Supe_rintendent ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS v.. r.••r•'•"'••"•"•• DATE 3- 3tJ~/tJ SHIFT: 6':.¢~·PMTO .t/!?v ?-'CM ON-SHIFf EXAM. I AMo~ ___ _,AM'!'.co~·11·M~T"O'-------.!!!AM'!5o!!!.••!:!!.M PRE-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes_ No_·_ By Wbom_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time_ _ _~AM or PM Report received by=--~----=--:--------­ s·•gned BELTS ACfiONTAKEN INT. .51-A• /7 v~ £7k,_;/ ~-.n.vt>/e-.1 fiJ,-1 L (J-,e,.erse,J +n• II 8o):JI:>y ~,;;--· St"wid v-:.L..-.~~ lch ...,./e4 $Rtf: ·').7 f-o ').. 1/)~j,.by /17, , f'//,:s _I/ Ell.:s 5 NORTH2 ,· NORTH3 I.. L.A NORTH4 NORTHS e' NORTH6 .I /A.~:..· 1 - I • mal" \/:Plow« ..:h J~q_ 0/",Ah~u. htl' H-I .I u.:{i/o " l 'I .J'f AitJ --1A~L- l~f-1 · ·'"·',-->/,t_..._.,A., ---r.o,/ __ /, ---e ~ Qt.r i,.rbu ~ ,.,~j[ ":--'~ ~ tJ~U(.. AR..'U!A. b" ... J NORTH7 - .• J ~t.t '-1-,;j "-" . GLORY~OLE ~r . 7?,-JZNO. i l~_i.N0.2 . t> "'1 1/'k,.Q.\/ ~ J -. . 1\.:.....~- I ' 77};! -f v JZ,-, - F}:te,Ue. 72ldI · rlnr,/p • f)_//_ vAl ' I C:.•l : ~ . -:::TN . - :TN .- l-It:-~ #If ' ! .. - ·-{ SIGNED BY: ~;;;...t~la ~~~~141~:,..__,t£U~~----'-----_:_~~~'jE:t1,c~~:J.1~77_ .. '2... Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNED BY . . 46543-:--BJW Prinl!ng & Office Supplies ~ - <./ Mine Foreman 3,3-ss-'/Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate No. PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Pend! or Ink DA'rE .}-3C:Ho SHIFT: f.vf ON-SHiFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to outside Yes /"')~ K No_ By Whom PRE-SHIFT EXAM. .S"k;&C", C.t~-n4-e // 7 ~, ~ Report received by: ··~e\\f,'/. - VC'~)J 0...5\eJ NORTH N0.4 .fd('(< - 1W:..' ~"":''!.lltJ<~d Q..~'f<+;·;":1_ S"~oN>.. cA<:. v lr.;;:: 111:.-r _./ ' NORTH N0.6 NORTHN0.7 Al-e~,,s- Oc~c k-d i we 1 -t+~~-b ~c..\eOV\rdi ~~-..v+~ T :_., uo N e ,. ciS" l'h. c """' · • · . .._,.,.._k .......... ,.. NORTH N0.5 x·oa.f.rf. \,.J( W(._ ./ ' - ·.·. W(_ oc GLORY HOLE ~&,K PCNVYJ J.,,..Js Guc;\..j - u.· \ -~".J.,./9'rJJ r 1\..: -eels s po N-e_e)s n. 1- o r~ .I'p j..._£: kr-i ' "'~ __, ·L .1-;;l@.c \-1- ~J.A; /sr.u_+.,;)/.lBr/~~!Jd.."- . ---- / --- ~5 TS JS ---- ~s 1. ../ --- -.NOR'rHNO.• S • }-)£__~a~ j *FIRE RUN ~ .. · 71:;-i.I"-NO. 2 . COUNT SIGN / we.. NORTH N0.3 /~?J'O.l PRESllll'T N(_ ",,.. ;.Js Ovs;.,.._.i - rl=i"'ot_ll EXAMINER ' rue-dis OsW '1- £11.55 Time- - - - ·AMorPM .-- Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS. ,, AM OR PM '_,..)0,_,o AMo..,..;rO 8'6o ..,; _,. AMo~ AMoRPMTO PRE-SHIFT EXAM. ON-SHIFf EXAM. AMORPM "I .. · Was this report phoned to outside Yes_'_Noy(' By Whom,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Time·--~--AM or-PM Report received by: _______- ; ; : - - - - - : - - - - - - - - - s·tgned BELTS ~ s;;.u,""' . _/ . - ' ACTION TAKEN <;/tth-"d-J INT. i?_"L J/'?(,tJ<-' - NORTH2 NORTHJ NORTH4 . NORTHS yiN, w..(,1 1/ ""'1••'-"'l c.::J: Ffov-< --1-hl"hi l:i-c,_ NORTH6 51-t~.-<-1.,;.; '.>&>--' e-,;7 /'!.:>.~ fty..;.,. iSc '. NORTH7 NORTHS GLORY HOLE I- - ~0.1 . 'N0.2 · . ~~ ., ; . SIGNED BY: fA u /L,___~ q, ~Lc-?( Belt Examiners and Certi 1cat€N'umbers n, ftl-14 ... Belt Examiners and Certificate Numbers COUNTERSIGNEDBY ~ ,___.r · Mine Foreman 46543-BJW Printing & OHice Supplies Certificate No. Superintendent Certificate Nol ... PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use Indelible Ptncll or Ink ,.,... DATE 3·2.>1·\0 SHIFT: Ow \ AMORPMTO AMORPM ON-SHIFT EXAM. Was this report phoned to ontside Yes_ Noi_ By Whom f>tcu -"'Ji,oo=.......,..r9;:=o•,_,PM~T,o'-'~&zou.avnof cr,. . I M.. 'I N~.!.s .4-d.J c/,..,.,..;~" I (:1 C .~ (l.C NORTH N0.7 we,cl::, v.,.skJ ~(1'>..1 +fAN,..). N-.eJs 1/-rfd C ( NORTH N0.4 lo~.· .... tiCa>J ::V/ · 48d-14;1..- ov.+- OJ .... (lrt:,-ou-1 I. y .. o,-,;.e '·. ..r'C.. -.S~r~-.. u"' :f.GLORY HOLE I)~· l>u>vw "" 1::: Nq~~!.l'?_. ~~~0.1 L"t~Vi\R?'i· s ·,e~ol) r /, ~-. {i/-\1l'f,t_.' . :~N0.2 'Lt;:-Ji;;;fs"':' 's,y:>., I ~/,;;'~n.;sk..c/ "'·;.:· PRE· SHIFT s ''-'.: ,_', :.,• .. ·. ;, *FIRE RuN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING AllDI'flONAL ATTENTION) REMARKS: ----,----~----'­ O'rdl-1 o&" co ;;Jo,'82oz = Superintendent · 46543--BJW Prlnling & OHice Supplies Certifica~e No. ON-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS Use indelible Pendl or Ink J)ATE-:3'-11-~0 SHIFT: <-·r· . ::. . . PRE-· EXAMINER. '• \ w·IM,.;',' • ~~~ · / ., , . """ . -A· ' 1:,-t ,;J"yj'_d :h, /Vuds rk"'· FJAJ. ~~:Z,tL c/ljl"'/"'" NORTHN0.7. I.rud.. ~ .J..: .c... S I .It". ll'. I . .t\d,.lrL'r.tJ*I rJ«t..;;Ncl ·--.J . /;~;,;;,)//} :, . '"" jt. t-.•.J..,i.l'k~ll ~.t.J.A.. ·~ Uu'rt NORTH N0.6 v GLORY HOLE VG-»- •m: t I:MJA".eeA -t/._ 7(,2U-NO. 2 heetfi ~....,-.4, ,;.... ~~il.s . /l. J,~ e,( -I-.iA. ~ter;C J:ld:!"'-«<'PGJ ~--:\ . T4';8 / ~· S-.14 , ~ll ·J .:r~~ .· '"-- ,. '· / 1"./- I .. . ·.:·. · I ·, '· /1/l!!,u/« /J. . ..t..,I'JI. 2 i~/t£'JIIh'/~ n~.f :1% hk ·,. ~~ 'JIC-ll .""I A,v, · ~ . . ·. *FIRE RUN EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFT OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAYAND VACATIONS HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIONALATIEN'I'ION)'REMARKs: .. =·~-~-"'-~~~~'-'----0% d ~ 212%_% 12~1 ~~-- c~ d -,5;--,.. ~ ¥-·ex"'P-. (ITEMS NOT A ~-.,- .,,.( f-1'1: / / #c:>UV -' /-.d' V;Pkw-'(sh owl p~l +11/ / _e (J.,t:Jeerc;.eJ 'f/9-/ J / P'ol..b,r 3"~ . Ef/,~ ·/.I [;//lj INT. s , NORTH2. . ;er, R£ . NORTH3 a~d n R"IL~d t\RiJ ·. ~-- 1 ~ ·~ 7J..,.,j .• /.\ ldu hiwa. ~"" ,· --~ SH • GLORY HOLE 1&·2"[1l0.1 .z;rL ~ .il9.:" / 14.A N .&. ·""' ~ Mf~ · IroJfl.p;., ""....J ,.; -ta.:Q R..l/ t' ~. . ~ 1\....~ ... NORTH6 A e. !4.,11. ct:> l:?n I { e14 · VN SiAJ 116-:U.- fit l/), ,J:~llle .!Jai4.~ l•.!m~h t>IV /&:f~/./6 · 1- AMO~PMTO SHIFf: lOV0'UN"'"."'sHIF':':"':::T::-::E=::X'A"':-M~. "• ""'-"'"""'- ., J Was this report phoned to outside Yes__ No By Whom._ _· AMo6i?!'O lf.'cJQ · AMO'fl'D PRE-SHIFf EXAM. ---·~-,--------,Time._ _ _ _ _,AM or PM Report received by: _ _ _ _ _ _- = - ; - - - - - - - - - '. Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS. ->k: ' ..:'!. -NQU~ii-il(L. N~JiDf . ,Giusl<..v o- &lv iT.a> Sr•l Al .o-7Q;l N<:""" ,· C/"',..J NORTH N0.7 .N ~-"""" .s !JJ!J!p,:, ,:\.o'i4;~~,_ N91NIF~6.8 GLORY HOLE :£)vs 7:;.-_p J//u"' ·:....L ·_,;K£Jo•·Ch••· rY v "cv Ou>~ . J v c.u 2r..s ·- v . .J'S. R "':s"'i<,o . ',, . ! LBBNO.l .\". LBBN0.2 ;-'r;, ~a.""" I .f9vsl'. $],_;( /J.E':.'I>s :,q.J.,/ J .-Vn- .,E}<.J.<(;}:p·t;., uJ ~ )"::.- .. <-T--S J<>uZT'.i!..P v v .· ...' / *FIRE Rl)N EXAMINATION: AFTER LAST PRODUCTION SHIFf OF WEEK, BEFORE HOLIDAY AND VACATIONS> . /·. (ITEMS NOT A HAZARD BUT NEEDING ADDITIO~ALATTENTION)REMAR:KS: - - - - - - - - - - - 0/o t/1'( 9 o% co,. ao,:;-% O.G #; ..'n-r: o;c l..'~X/10 .•. -·· . Q a~? Jgy],;, ~x::t;.;:sanop•cate Numbers SIGNED BY: · . ·,· . .. . · , . . ·. . . ·'i]9, . /_ 7"".,..,.,._.._ • .,_. . :____ _ f5.,.~"-'tt't'"'·,._,.·::_';_/:·_·--,--- 4 . 46543-BJW Printing & Ofllce-Supplies Mine Foreman Certifi<;ate No. - -' ~. Superintendent Certificate No. '·\--. .PRE-SHIFT EXAMINATION OF BELT CONVEYORS -· Use IndeJU)Ie Pencll or Ink DATE ··· . 4+10 SHIFT: awL ----"'AM,_,o.,_RPM=..T."'O'--------'AM"""'OR,.,PM""ON-SHIFT EXAM. · Was this repo~ phoned to outside Yes_ NLBy Whom 8t""'[) b-f PRE-SHIFT EXAM. C>ttf: Time_"'-----"M or PM Report received by· Signed VIOLATION AND OTHER HAZARDOUS BELTS.: Clt5._ .r; Eft-.5 lllef'.,/5 / C:u' Ohserved cL 5.4<>·1 , .IJMe PRE· SHIFf EXAMINER ~ ~ clvsk.J cJ NORTH N0.3 NORTH N0.4 IllI•: "'-T~ NORTH N0.5 1.1.-.... Js ~ c-, ·o Alee.ds S,otJ..f· cJ, NORTHN0.7 N~)s0 .A GLORY HOLE T~NO.l iTc.:r;). No. 2 .· #~:J.,;L I Ao ~ .<;'.oo-J cJ NORTH N0.6 UJfi{Ht ~ tl"C-~ ·~J ,A-,;j.J I" i. ' +v.-,_.. T-9 lle '1" .Js to - r=r...v · L:'r ~- r-;, cu -lr:dhL ..J - ().(k )( P \>uMO 0 cVe:e.J" ""~4- eo~ ... J"' ..1 .'{ ACTION TAKEN IA»rk.od t.~=:--~-;-6· ~:..5;-~:=:s---~-:..- ::~~-=,~-=-~""" ,:_::;c;s;:::::o:~;::-::-:;~,-.~~~:::;;:;::;:;:;:;~r"'2=-:f1&11f-::.-:-::-c.:i:"' :== RECEIVED ·· HEALTH·o ·.o .o .o Cut sequence may be altered as indicated in the a'pprov'ed roof control plan. First cut will always start on the line curtain side. D NO. OF SPRAYS AND LOCATION (J) --+---\ Sprays are no. 3s and no. 5s No. 5s produce 1.2 gpm @ 75 psi No. 3s produce 0.7 gpm@ 75 psi Scrubberductwork ------·-·- 50 TOTAL SPRAYS A ® A 0000~ ® Pitot tube-/. -~- . access holes ..... g . .~. Pitot tube access holes must be plugged when not measured j~ : C: 5, #5 sprays spraying in a fan like arrangement at end of cutter drums It- I !~! I~'I SCRUBBER DISCHARGE ""-----' Joy 12-12 -A:· 3, #3 sprays -spraying toward rib -4, -#5 sprays locatedin-cOnveyorpari s: spraying toward gathering pots ~· I oI .<(' Diversion door Total GPM = 57.0 ----- -, D: 7 or 8, #5 sprays spraying forward over top of cutter drums E: 4, #5 sprays spraying down into conveyor __.,.- ALTERNATE DISCHARGE ' f· Massey Energy ···ryprcai··ct.Jt ··se·q··u·ence· Using Sweep Ventilation ····- -. . .. . ···-· .. 181 20L l19l 14 24LI 23L 21R I22R ·- ~21 .......... 0 . ............... ~4F -- 16L I15L f-- I-- - ~1L 19F .;3F 10L 12LI11L 6R - f-- f-- f-- 17l 13l 9L 5R 6L 8L I 7L 2l ?R IBR 0 . ................ -- ... 15R I16R - ac 25RI26R SF I-- I-- 7F 7F 9R 1R lzR 4L I 3L ... -·· 4R 11R pzR D0 [J ~DO D DD ' [] D [J D D D [J D LJ [J - I-- 5L 4F I-- 1-- 3R 3F 1L . I I I I (Mirror image may apply.) MSHA MOUNT HOPE WV DEC 3 o 2009 Cut Sequences may vary due to conditions: 'oO;l! ~ II!;CEIVEO DISTR!f;T HeAlTH Return air ' .' ' ', ( ' Massey Energy I· · ·· · Typrcarcur-seqoence · Using Split Ventilation - r--- 17R j24R 27L /25L /-'-' 26 -·-·-- . .... ..... 23l ---· ._ ........ 4r .. _........ -. 2fi . cf- 18 17l - 20lc ---··-·-· ·- 151 ....• 24L j22L - 6L 14' r-- 19L j16L 13Lj11L .. . ............... . 20F 7R j12R 15R /18R 6 21Rj23R 9L 1L o~ 1-- !- f- '--- f- f- 12L 7L 8R 13F 6R 10Lj 8L 4L 4R 21 ..... 3L 5L I 2L - 1R jsR D [] 9F 9R /11R 2R f- 3R r-- [J [] D D Dt tD D [] [] [J D D D D [J DD D MSHA MOUNT HOPE, WV DEC 3 o2009 Cut Sequences may vary due to conditions. HECEIYED .GI$'FR1.0l' H~At11i -of~~- Return air October 22, 2009 Mr. Robert G. Hardman Mine Safety and Health Administration 100 Bluestone Road Mount Hope, WV 25880 Re: Performance Coal Company Upper Big Branch Mine MSHA ID: 46-08436 State ID: U-3042-92 MMU 040-0- Methane and Dust Control Plan Revision Dear Sir: Please find the enclosed MMU 040-0 Methane and Dust Control Plan revision for the Upper Big Branch Mine for your review and approval. There is currently no miner's representative at the Upper Big Branch Mine. This plan has been posted at the mine office at time of submittal. If you have any questions ol· comments, feel free to contact me at (304) 854-3516. Respectfully Submitted, Performance Coal Company, Inc. Matthew Walker Mine Engineer MSHA MOUNT HOPE, WV OCT 22 2009 RECEIVED HEALTH .,1 SECTION SPECIFIC METHANE DUST CONTROL PLAN DATE: 01-22-2009 MMU No.: 040-0 Mine: Upper Big Branch Mine SECTION NAME: Unit No.2 MINE ID: 46-08436 SEAM NAME: Eagle Seam METHOD OF MINING: Continuous (X) Longwall ( ) Other ( ) a. Make and Model of Mining Equipment: (2) Joy 14-15 Miners Serial No. Primary: JM6053 Secondary: JM5186 b. Mining Height- approximate 72 inches c. Type Water Spray System: Pressure Spray Nozzle !Hollow Cone #5) d. Number of Sprays: 33/33 Minimum Operating PSI: 75/75 psi e. Location, angle and type of sprays: (See attached sketch) f. Remote Control (X) Yes ( ) No If Yes, Type: Radio SCRUBBER SYSTEM a. CFM of Scrubber: 6,000 b. HP of Scrubber: 33 hp c. Scrubber Screen Type: 30 Mesh (30 layer). The screen soray will be examined each shift. to insure it is operative and wetting the entire surface of the screen. d. Sketch of Ductwork with size: (See attached sketch) e. Scrubber maintenance Program: Frequency Screen cleaned Twice per shift when mining coal strata. Everv 40ft of material mined when strata contains rock top. bottom or binder. f. Frequency Ductwork Cleaned/Inspected: Once per day/Once per shift and cleaned if obstructions are observed. g. Scrubber operation is not required for pi11ar recovery mining when air is coursed away from the operator directly into the gop. h. If scrubber becomes inoperative, the following minimum backup system will be used: 20ft. Face Ventilation: Exhausting (X) Blowing ( ) Curtain Distance: MBAV*: _QQ Minimum CFM*: 7 000 *Note: \Vhichever is Greater i. The sump and demister will be cleaned out and washed weekly, and recorded with pitot tube in pre-shift exam book. ROO!l' BOLTER: a. Make and Model: Fletcher RR2 Single Head ( ) Dual (X ) b. Dust Control Method: Water through steel ( ) Permissible Dust Collector ( X ) c. Is Roof Bolter operated in return of other equipment? (X) Yes ( ) No If Yes, Explain: The Roof Bolter will operate in the return of the miner a maximum of 3 times per shift when the scrubber is in use and once per shift when the scrubber is not in use. d. Method of emptying dust collector: Dust collector will be emptied in the face where it can be scooped up during clean-up cycle e. CFM where roofbolter operating*: 3,500 Line Curtain Configuration Exhausting If applicable, MBAV*: *Note: Whichever is Greater 45 LFM MSHA FACE VENTILATION MOUNT HOPE, a. Line curtain in each wOrking place: Distance from Face 40 feet b. Line curtain configuration: Under Split Ventilation: All Faces- Exhausting Under Sweep Ventilation: All Faces- Exhausting RECEIVED c. Minimum CFM*: 7,000 with scrubber off. MEAV*: (if applicable) 60 LFM HEALTH *Ndte: Whichever is Greater d. \Vhen second mining with this miner, the required minimum quantity of air coursed over the miner into the gob will be equivalent to part (C) of the Face Ventilation Section. e. A minimum of 3,000 CFM will be maintained in all idle faces. f. The minimum amount of air in the last open break will be 15,000CFM JAN 22 2010 0:\Engineering\PCC Engineering\Mine Engineer\UBB\CH4 and Dust\MMU 040-0\040-0 01-22-lO.doc WV Safety Precautions 1. The in by end of the line curtain will not be advanced beyond the scrubber discharge when an exhausting line curtain is used. 2. The continuous miner will be operated by remote control only. In the event radio communications fail, the continuous miner will be utilized by remote control using an umbilical cord. 3. The continuous miner will be equipped with a strobe light that will flash when the methane concentrations reach 1.0% or a 2-inch digital readout methane monitor, which is easily and fully visible during deep cuts. 4. Where the face exceeds 5 feet from the last row of permanent roof support, tests for methane will be done using extendable probes or a magnet cradling a methane detector while mining. The methane detectors to be used are CSE 102, CSE 102LD, or equivalent. 5. The line curtain shall be advanced to the next to last row of bolts during the bolting operations, until it is within 10 feet of the face. If the methane warning light comes on during mining, the line curtain will be maintained to within 10 feet of the face until mining is completed in that working face. 7. When using an exhausting line curtain, the curtain will be placed on the same side as the scrubber discharge. 8. When open end pillaring without the use of the scrubber system the airflow will be maintained across the top of the miner and into the gob when cutting. 9. At least 90 percent of the cutting bits will be maintained with carbon inserts intact and missing or damaged bit lugs and big lug inserts will be replaced within 24 hours. 10. Miner operator will not advance inby the end of the exhaust line curtain while mining. 11. Line Curtain will be maintained to within 40 feet of the deepest point of penetration where the continuous miner is operated. Line Curtain distance measurement will be taken from the inby comer of the outby block. When the average of five or more dust samples obtained by the operator or by MSHA in the same bimonthly sampling period exceeds the applicable standard and results in , MSHA MOUNT HOPE, WV an excessive dust violation or 3respirable dust samples collected by MSHA or Operator contain in excess of 100 ug/m silica (1 00 micrograms per cubic meter), the following remedial measures shall take effect immediately: JAN 22 2010 12. ttECEIVED HEALTH • The operator shall revert back to a twenty-foot curtain setback (ventilation piau) and twenty-foot cut (roof control plan). G:\Engineering\PCC Engineering\Mine Engineer\UBB\CH4 and Dust\MMU 040-0\040-0 01*22-lO.doc • • The operator shall achieve compliance on both operator samples (mining with 20 foot plans) and MSHA survey samples (surveyed with curtain set back and deep cnt) before normal extended cut operations can resume. The operator shall only utilize the line curtain setback and extended cut during the MSHA survey until compliance has been established. These requirements do not apply to pillar recovery mining. 13. Scrubber volumes will be measured weekly using the full traverse method and the scrubber volume will be recorded in the Pre-shift examination book. This book will be kept at the mine site and readily available for review. 14. The roof bolting machine vacuum. pressure will be maintained to at least the minimum vacuum pressure listed on the machine permissibility tag in inches of mercury (inHg). The vacuum pressure will be measured at the drill chuck and will be checked at least once every operating shift as part of the dust control parameter examination required by 30 CFR 75.362 (a) (2). 15. The final cut-thru of crosscuts into entries or entries into crosscuts, will be accomplished from the intake side towards the return side, so that the air courses over and away from the miner operator. When adverse conditions or special mining projections occur requiring mining entties and/or crosscuts into intake air, a sufficient ventilation control to prevent an air exchange will be installed immediately prior to hole thru into the intake entry and/or crosscut to prevent a flow of air across where the continuous miner operator is positioned. 16. When using line curtain as a face ventilation control, the curtain will be installed with each new cmiain overlapped a distance of at least one row of bolts in the direction of airflow. 17. At least one provision of the approved MMU plan will be discussed with each production crew p1ior to production of coal on this MMU. The discussion topic will be recorded in the on-shift record. 18. A modified cut will be utilized to cut rock to a free face when mining height permits. 19. When mining extended cuts, pillars will be sized to avoid a cut sequence which would leave a final lift of less than 5 ft. MSHA MOUNT HOPE, \"" JAN 22 2010 HECEIVEr HEALT! G:\Engineering\PCC Engineering\Mine Engineer\UBB\CH4 and Dust\11MU 040-0\040-0 01-22-lO.doc PERFORMANCE COAL COMPANY, INC. UPPER BIG BRANCH MINE MSHA ID: 46-08436 STATE ID: uc::.3042=-92· MMU 040-0 PRIMARY JM6053 Cut I c B MSHA MOUNT HOPE, WV . _. D.EC 3. o 2009.. .. ... A. RECEIVED DISTRICT HEALTH D o· o D D D [J [J 0 D D D c____ _ U- Cut sequence may be altered. First cut will always start on the line curtain side. 'i~ .flf7' 'L ~ 41 ~ -. Pitot Tube Access Holes =l .flf7 Water Spray and Location Number of sprays in block 6 - #.5 Sprays, top front edge of Cutter Boom, Sprays forward 4 - #.5 Sprays, ·top front edge of Cutler Boom, Sprays forward 4 - #5 · Sprays, Conveyor Pan spraying toward gathering pots 3 - ~ ® ~ upJ r \ Scrubber Inlet J LEGEND ( Pitot tube access holes must be plugged when not measured. #5 Sprays, Cutter Motor 3 - (16 Sprays, spraying down into conveyor Number of Sprays: 33 Type of Sprays #5 PSI of Sprays 75 GPM of Sprays 1.3 Total GPM 42.9 Note: A minimum of 30 sprays will be operative at anygiven time. Duct work Area= 1.72 sq. ft No more than one spray per block will be inoperative at any time. I PERFORMANCE COAL COMPANY, INC. UPPER BIG BRANCH MINE MSHA ID: 46-08436 .. STATE'ID: U=3021Z·::.:92. MMU 040-0 c I MSHA MOUNT HOPE, WV DEC 3 0 2UU9 ~ - RECEIVED DISTRICT HEALTH .. . ....... A ···~·. SECONDARY JM5186 B .t ...... - . .. .. 0 0 D 0 0 D a a o a o a .. . - . -... L---LEGEND U- Cut sequence may be altered. First cut will always start on the line curtain side. frf_ ~· 'L ;_[ 0 .._ Pitot Tube Access Holes = l ill Number of sprays In block 6 - #.5 Sprays, top front edge of Cutter tloom, Sprays forward 4 - Jl-5 Sprays, top front edge of ..Cutter Boom, Sprays fonvard 4 - #5 Sprays, Conveyor Pan spraying tow·ard gathering pots 3 - #5 Sprays, Cutter Motor ~ ~ r-nr )J ;_[ r ~ Scrubber Inlet "~ Water Spray and Location r Pitot tube access holes must be plugged when not measured. 3 - #5 Sprays, spraying down into conveyor Number of Sprays: 33 Type of Sprays #5 PSI of Sprays 75 GPM of Sprays 1.3 Total GPM 42.9 Note: A minimum of 30 sprays will be operative at anygiven time. Duct work Area" 1.07 sq. ft No more than one spray per block will be inoperative at any time. ' ' .... Massey Energy Typical Cut Sequence Using Sweep Ventilation 24LI23L 221 20L I 19L 16L I15L 1--- ~1l 19F ~3f' i-- I-- - 17L 13l 8L I 7L 2L 4R - 10L 6L 21R I22R c--- 14 18 0 12Lim 6R 7R 18R 1--9L 5R a~ 15RI16R ar 1--- - 1R I 2R 4R 8F - 7R 9R 4L I 3L zsRI26R <7F 11R I12R DO iUDDnDL LJDDnDLJ llJD DOl - - - 5L 3R 1L 4F - 3F I (Mirror image may apply.) MSHA MOUNT HOPE, WV Cut Sequences may vary due to conditions. OCT 2~0 2009 r .ftECE!VE~ Return air ' ' '. ,, .. ( ' Massey Energy Typical Cut Sequence Using Split Ventilation r- - 20l 26 r3c - I- f-- r-- - 18l 17L 21l 4R 20F 15L 24L 122L r-- ~~· ~I 19L I16L 14 - 6L 9l. 27L I 25L 141' 13L I11L 1L - 12l - 7L 17R I24R 7R 112R 10 2,, 0 15R I18R oo 6 f-- - 8R 13F 21RI23R 19F .t-- 6R D D ~R tunonoot 1OL I 8L :' 5L I 2L 1R e" I5R I 9R 11 R c'" [J00[l[J[_J DUDLJDD MSHA MOUNT HOPE, WV OCT 2.0 2009 Cut Sequences may vary due to conditions. r RECEI\ff-1) h-;2f.\L.7,·j Return air ''. I ' U.S. Depariment of Labor Mine Safety and Health dministratior:L_-~~~---~~~ 100 Bluestone Road Mount Hope, WV 25880 ll~JI.l"""DCJlJND MINE l~u .. _ ' "''-K_:_~··-~------~-~-~~ D!\TI: 1\iD. tl~t!l·o t INITIALS~ This acknowledges receipt of the Methane and Dust control Portion o Tfie\7entrraTI'o!lJSiill, require Section 75.370 CFR or Respirable Dust Control Plan required by Section 71.300 CFR The Plan Dated 10/22/2008 is MineiD No. 0 46-08436 IXJ Approved General Dust Conh·ol Plan D y DWP Mine Name Upper Big Branch Mine-South D ~ MMU 0 Supplements Designated Areas Company Name Perfomtance Coal Company Post Office Address of Mine Operator Mr. Chris Blanchard P. 0. Box 69 Naoma, WV 25140 Remarks ~ This Methane and Dust Conh·ol Plan received 10/22/2008 has been approved and consists of 062-0 MMU Plan. MSHA MOUI\'-c · -· ,., ,. WV NOV 17 2008 '--.---·-· · ··• · Date J/ b, /o& I J PLAN APPROVAL SIGNATURE SHEET Date Plan Received: 10/2~2008 Hearing Conservation Type: Methane/Dust Control [gj D Part90 Company Name: Performance Coal Company Miners Rep: No Mine Name: Upper Big Branch Mine-South Copy Provided: Yes Mine ID: 46-08436 Plan Posted: Yes Entity: 062-0 MMU Base Plan Office: Mt. Hope (0401) 0 Work Group: 01 Reviews: Teclmical Program Specialist: ~ {~ ~ 0 Recommend Approval/ 0 Reconm1end Disapproval Comments: f /Lo.--r-! r;.s-{~ ~ S 0 d-. jt'ff d~~ District Health Specialist: ~f.~ ~4--..._,:L Conunents: 0 II~ I 0·-0 [( ;)/f.~~@ 7~/5/ il-/-!5 CM iJJR"ecommend Approval/ Date: Date: I I ~ J d-- 0 fl Recommend Disapproval ~. ~ ~ K.~ Dd. ~~rJ ADM, Technical Programs: ( )1[ j [l6"Reconm1end Approval/ >. J.. f!_ . { ~ 0 Feconm~d Disapproval Conm1ents: ________________________________________________________________ Inspection Division ADM: _____ L-___.Se_--=-'-\.l{=----------Date: _(_!_11('--'1/_{c_o_f_ _ _ _ __ Q-Reconunend Approval/ 0 Reconm1end Disapproval Conm1ents: ---------------------------------------------------------------- ,----------------------------------------------- October 22, 2008 Mr. Robe1t G. Hardman Mine Safety and Health Administration 100 Bluestone Road Mount Hope, WV 25880 Re: Performance Coal Company Upper Big Branch Mine MSHA ID: 46-08436 State ID: U-3042-92 MMU 062-0/063-0 Submittal --- Dear Sir: Please find the enclosed MMU plans for the Upper Big Branch Mine for your review and approval. These plans are needed to allow a fourth unit to begin mining. This mine currently has no miner's representative. This plan will be posted on the board at the mine at time of submittal. If you have any questions or comments, feel free to contact me at (304) 854-3516. Respectfully Submitted, Performance Coal Company, Inc. Eric Lilly Mine Engineer r,~SMA MOUf·lT HOPE, Wli CCT 2 2 2008 SECTION SPECIFIC METHANE DUST CONTROL PLAN DATE: 11-06-2008 MMU No.: 062-0 Mine: Upper Big Branch Mine SECTION NAME: Unit No.4 MINE ID: 46-08436 SEAM NAME: Eagle Seam METHOD OF IVIINING: Conthmous (X) Longwall ( ) Other ( ) a. Make and Model of Mining Equipment: (2 identical) Joy 14-15 Miner b. Mining Height- approxin1ate 72 inches c. Type Water Spray System: Pressure Sprav Nozzle ffiD#5) d. Number of Sprays: 24/24 Minimum of20 spravs must be operating at any time Minimum Operating PSI: 75osiJ75osi e. Location, angle and type of sprays: (See attached sketch) f. Remote Control (X) Yes ( ) No If Yes, Type: Radio SCRUBBER SYSTEM- Not applicable until curtain setback obtained. ROOF BOLTER: a. Make and Model: Fletcher RR2 Single Head ( ) Dual ( X ) b. Dust Control Method: Water through steel ( ) Permissible Dust Collector ( X ) c. Is Roof Bolter operated in return of other equipment? (X) Yes ( ) No If Yes, Explain: Once per Shift. d. Method of emptying dust collector: Dust co!lector will be emptied in the face where it can be scooped up during clean·up cycle e. CFM where roofbolter operating 4500 CFM Line Curtain Configuration Exhausting If applicable, MEAV 45 LFM FACE VENTILATION a. Line curtain in each working place: Distance from Face 20 feet b. Line curtain configuration: Under Split Ventilation: All Faces- Exhausting Under Sweep Ventilation: All Faces -Exhausting c. Minimum CFM 6000 CFM, MEA V (if applic<~ble) 60 LFM d. A mh>immn of 3,000CFM will be maintained in all idle faces. MSHA MOUNT HOPE, 1/iN NOV 0 6 2008 G:\Engineering\PCC Engineering\rv1i!le Engineer\UBB\CH4 and Dust\UBB :tv1MU 062 11-06-0S,doc Rt;CE!II~D rr.&rntcr Mf;;ALTt·· Safety Precautions 1. The continuous miner will be operated by remote control only. In the event radio connnunications fail, the contiouous miner will be utilized by remote control using umbilical cord. 2. The continuous miner \\~ll be equipped with a strobe light that will flash when the methane concentrations reach LO% or a 2-inoh digital readout methane monitor, which is easily and fully visible during deep cuts. 3. Where the face exceeds 5 feet from the last row of permanent roof support, tests for methane will be done using extendable probes or a magnet on remote control miner while mining. 4. The line curtain shall be advanced to the next to last row of bolts during the bolting operations, until it is within 10 feet ofthe face. 5. If the methane warning light comes on during mining, the line cmiain will be maintained to within 10 feet of the face until mining is completed in that working face. 6. At least 90 percent of the cutting bits \\~ll be maintained with carbon insetis intact and missing or damaged bit lugs and big lug ioserts will be replaced within 24 hours. 7. Line Cmiain will be maintained to within20 feet of the deepest point of penetration where the continuous miner is operated. Line.Curtain distance measurement \~ll be taken from the inby comer of the outby block. 8. The miner operator will not advance inby the end of the line curtain while mining.. 9. The fmal cuthrough of crosscuts in the entries or entries in the crosscuts, will be accomplished from the intake side towards the return side, so that the air colli'ses over and away from the miner operator. 10. Only one miner per MMU will be operated at any time. MSHA MOUNT HOPE. \flN G:\Engineering\PCC Englneering\Mfne Enginee.r\UBB\CH4. and DtlSt\UBB Z,.1}.1U 062 11-06-QS.doc t "JV 0 6 2008 P.t;,:C/i'Wt';l'/ F;:(/j)'ffifCT M[';f\tYt-< MARFORK COAL COMPANY, INC. UPPER BIG BRANCH MINE Cut Sequence I I I I I c M8HA MOUNT HOPE, IJ\IV ------1 B I I I I I A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OCT 2 2 2003 Cut sequence may be altered as indicated in the approved roof control plan. First cut will always start on the line curtain side. @ @ @ @ - Sprays Located at Top of Ripper Compartment {center). - Sprays Located at Top of Ripper Compartment {offset right and left). - Sprays Located at top of pan {spraying into pan). - Sprays Located above Chain Conveyor at Throat {spraying down). ~ @~ ~ fl@ } j) \1 I I I I I I o-MMU 062-0 MSHA ID: 46-08436 STATE ID: U-3042-92 . \ . ·c~ t:1 ® f-- l Number of Sprays: 24 Type of Sprays #5 PSI of Sprays 75 GPM of Sprays 1.3 Total GPM 31.2 NOTES 1, No more lhan one spray: per block will be inoperative al any time. 2. A minimum of 20 Sprays must be operating at any time. Joy 14-15 Performance Coal Company, Inc. Typical Section Advance Sweep Ventilation Upper Big Branch Mine M~~HA fi t10imT HOPe;, IAN :'T .2 2 2009 51 0' Curtain will be placed at appro riate location. ~ 8! ~ & •·. ~ ,, -- Intake air -G Check Curtain ~--·H- Belt air R Regulator Return air T Belt Tail piece Stopping *When mining, as many as two check curtains may be removed to allow haulage. At no time will curtains be removed to allow short short circuit from intake to return sides. Typical Face Ventilation Plan Typical development t~k~lil\ ~,/CUh(T HC1PG., Vf\.1 Split Ventilation Upper Big Branch Mine . . ·~·r 2 2 2ooa (Mirror Image Can Apply) .,.._ ~ []~ ~ II ' II [l ~ ~ [:J. 1-'i:: rlJ I ~ II II , ± ' I l7 8 gl ~J ~ ., MQ.P --4_---N- Belt air ~~ Return air ·nw.rino • ine ' Ena:n~e BB Belt Tail piece a st VenH;t"~ Dra-MI'IQS..d"HJ. 10 --8- R Check Curtain Regulator Stopping -B :!:45:03.PM. eh!l¥ Box Check Note: This plan can apply to second mining of more or less entrles. Second mining will comply with Approved Ventilation and Roof Control Plan. Returns regulated outby section. APPENDIX AF METHANE AND DUST CONTROL - SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FROM VENTILATION PLAN APPENDIX AF METHANE AND DUST CONTROL - SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FROM VENTILATION PLAN U. G. Deparl!nenl of Lc1bor This acknowledges receipt of the Methane and Dust control Portion of the Ventilation Plan required by Section 7U.370 CFR or Respirable Dust Control Plan required by Section 71.300 CPR The Plan Dated 12/19/08 is MineiDNo. 0 rxJ Approved General Dust Control Plan 0DWP 46-08436 Mine Name Upper Big Branch Mine-South Post Office Address of Mine Operator Mr. Chris Blanchard P. 0. Box69 Naoma, VV1r 25140 0 ~ MMU 0 Supplements Designated Areas Company Name Performance Coal Company fViSHA hmUNT HOPE, WV JUN 17 2009 f~ECEIVED [/iOUNT I lOPF FIELD Remarks ~ This Methane and Dust Control Plan received 12/19/2008 has been approved and consists of 050-0 MMU Plan. ate DISTRICT 4 PLAN TRANSMITTAL SHEET tr~::~~;!~::~:o~~R~~~;~R·~·;:IL ~~;~E~~~ ~;;;, 12t19tos R~~~~~~;~~RAC ___ ·······~··~·~- · ·" s Plan Tracking No. PLAN TYPE:050-0 COMPANY NAME: MINE NAME: MMU PLAN PERFORMANCE COAL COMPANY UPPER BIG BRANCH MINE-SOUTH FIELD OFFICE: 181 Mt. Hope 0 0 Mt. Carbon LD. NO: Summersville 0 0 Princeton Pineville D Madison 0 46-08436 Logan PLAN SUMMARY/COMMENTS .l smoNB:ON:SIT-----eREVIEW{tf!.PPLICAeLEl-~~-·· lf ON-SITE REVIEW CONDUCTED: 0 Ill YES, tsrNO DATE OF REVIEW: - - - - - - - - METHANE LIBERATION RATE (IF APPLICABLE):------- CFD DATE OF SAMPLE: - - - - - - - COMMENTS: a o No DYES COM\ol.ENTS RECEIVED FROM MINER'S REPRESENTATIVE? (Se.e re~~rse) ---=.-=o::::o~-=.=-=--oo-.-:.==--==- SECTION C: PLAN "c"oo".!<"'D"'I"'N"ATo;;l"o7CN~an~d~Rc;;E~V~IE~W~~=~PLAN COORDINATED WITH {VI.!H~N APPLICABLE): ~MFORENF L 5.£1~ ~(!{f.oq D HEALTH 0 ii{FOSUPV IJ)/f/( tt/JOf01 D VENT 0 STATE DISTRICT SPECIALIST: 0 CMIASSIGNEDTOMINEo_ _ _ _ __ l D ROOF _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D TRAINING----- 0 TECH SUPPORT 6- C\ -0<\ DATE REVIEWED: _,=:::o:_-=.!::=.=-.:--===;:-c::o:.c;·==-"-- j ;!Jefl.se date and Initial ~ 1\?'No REPRESENTATIVE INITIALS: OTHER------ (! W RECOMMENDATION: p.!APPROVAL OD!SAPPROVAL 0ACKNOWLEDGEMENT DWAIVER GRANTED OWAIVER DENIED DFWD TOTS OCONCUR WITH STATE 0 OTHER SPECIALIST SUPERVISOR: DATE; REVlEWED: V I( "f lo <( INITIALS: .Q_Jj_. I RECOMMENDATION: ~PPROVAL DDISAPPROVAL 0ACIt\!vlMU OSO-O\h1MU OSO·O.doc Safety Precautions I. All persons working on the longwall production will be trained on the contents of the methane I dust control plan and limiting their dust exposure. 2. Deflector curtain will be maintained at all time when mining (see drawing) on intake side of the Longwall to maximize air velocities to the face. 3. All members in the face will be offered the use of Air Stream helmets: Maintenance for Air Stream Helmets as follows a) Battery packs shall be charged in accordance with manufacturers recommendations. b) Trained persons shall clean the units each shift c) Filters for each unit used shall be replaced each shift. Extra filters and batteries for each type of unit shall be stored on the section. d) Only manufacturers recommended battery packs shall be used. e) Trained persons on each shift shall perform a pre-operational inspection on each unit to be used. Damaged or missing components shall be repaired/replaced prior to placing the unit in service. f) A copy of the instruction/maintenance manual for each type of unit in use shall be kept in the mine office. 4. When cutouts at the head gate are made, the shear operator and jacksetters will locate themselves on the intake side utilizing the remote control. 5. Approved respirators will be maintained in accordance to the manufacturer's specifications. Filter type respirators will be changed prior to the start of each shift and as necessaty during that shift. Additional respirators and filters will be kept on the section. 6. Shields will be washed weekly to prevent accumulation of dust. No one will be allowed to be within six shields during the cleaning process. 7. Two (2) sprays will be installed on the canopy tips of every 20 shields, to be manually activated, to control dust during mining operations. 8. During cutting operations, no person shall be inby or downwind of the shear carriage when cutting. Exceptions*: Supervisors making examinations or correcting hazards. Electrician/Mechanic making examinations or minor repairs. *Limited to 30 minutes with the use of an approved respirator. 0:\Engineering\PCC Engineering\J\1ine Eogineer\UBB\CH4 and DUst\I\1MU 050-0\MMU 050-0.doc Performance Coal Company, Inc. Upper Big Branch Mine (MSHA 10: 46-08436) Headgate Layout MMU 050-0 17777// r '"\ c 1 SPRAY t CONTROL BOX ----------- t 3SPRAYS MOTOR MOTOR. Gate ,,Shield -------~- ~ ~ ') ~ ~I Gate Shield ] MOTOR 5 WA1ER. SPRAYS 1 SPRAY (a EACH SIDE) l ! ! : . ~ BELT IN THROAT i i i Shield J Shield i ! Shield i ! : AIRFLOW- ~~ NOTE: RIGHT HAND FACE SHOWN, MIRROR IMAGE MAY APPLY Shield ~ ~ I Shield r l NOT TO SCALE TYPICAL LONGWALL FACE VENTILATION Performance Coal Company Upper Big Branch Mine 46-08436 (U-3042-92) Active Longwall Face Plan (Belt Air) 11 ·.~· · •.•·.· :" ..~~'.. ~ "· 0D DO 1D1D DD. ~ DO \\\\ DnI D COAL t · : ~ !el~ D ~:= ::":: ;::;:""T Intake Curtain G;\Encl,ol-..-_ _ [ tc D - [ Not to Scale ' Performance Coal Company, Inc. Upper Big Branch Mine Spray Location Drawing 6 SPRAYS 2 SPRAYS 43 DRUM SPRAYS I ll: I R"" _/_ \ \ \' DIRECTION OF AIR FLOW - ~ I ® It I I © I 2 SPRAYS I 6 SPRAYS FACE SPRAYS~ I JOY 7LS I I ® I I I © 11 I I II r b(C® ro-.' 1 RACK SPRAY Sprays on shear are spraying to direct dust with ariflow drum. and a1r sprays. 109 Con flow stop I eslock650 2801 CC or equivalent sprays. A B C D E F - Drum Spray - Wrap Around Spray - Spray Block - Spray Block - Spray Block - Spray Block Not To Scale APPENDIX AG SPECIFICATIONS OF WATER SPRAYS ~ CONFLOW CODE 2801 STAPLELOCK DRUM SPRAY (CONE TYPE) 1.6mm dia ORIFICE 1.2 ,_. 1 _.,..,.. -:a.E 0.8 (!) - ---~ - en 2. 0.6 3: 0 f--- ...J LL. -~-~ 0.4 ~ _/ / '-"' ~ ~ ............... _.,- ~ ---- 30° --- ....,. I - ~ I I I f7 1/ 0.2 / 0 ~ 7 ,, ~ ~ ..,.,.,...- - .....,.,. ~ ~ ,/ " 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 FLOW PRESSURE (PSI) 100 110 120 130 140 150 ~ ~ ~ ~ INTERCHANGEABLE c/- r-' I 3/8" NPT ~CMALEPIPE CONNECTION ~ 1 5/64" 1 17/32" ,......... ~~ I ~ ~ ~ I I ( .., l ""' ~ i!l'~ /!7r rrn li\ \\ SPRAY AN 11 /16" HEX. 1/2" HEX. 1 -ORIFICE .,/i~~:,;-_;, ~:: ~_;~:~,\. HOLLOW CONE SPRAY PATTERN -~ .... - ,,r -~·::- -~-< --~; .-:~r~ ·~_;;: ···";_~-- .-. ~.;:-.;.-,. ·. ::.. :,::.~ .. NOZZLE No. 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 3/880 2-1 2 2-3 2-5 2-8 2-10 3-1 3-2 3 3-5 3-8 3-10 5-1 5-2 5-3 5 5-8 5-10 8 10 20-1C BODY ORIFICE DIA. SIZE 2 .063" .078" .094" .125" .156" .172" .063" .078" 3 5 .094" .125" .156" .172" .063" .078 .094" .125" .156" .172" 8 10 20 .156" .172" .172" CAP No. 1 2 3 5 8 10 1 2 3 5 8 10 1 2 3 5 8 10 8 10 10 DESCRIPTION: 3/SBD-WHIRWET NOZZLES 10 PSI 20 PSI - .16 .28 .34 .48 .51 .58 .18 .31 .42 .48 .58 .65 - .20 .24 .34 .36 .41 .22 .30 .34 .41 .46 .50 .55 .65 .80 1.0 1.4 .38 .52 .71 .78 .92 1.1 1.4 1.9 CAPACITY G.P.M. AT P.S.I. (Lbs. 40 60 80 100 PSI PSI PSI PSI .22 .40 .52 .68 .72 .82 .26 .44 .59 .68 .82 .92 .35 .54 .74 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.6 2.0 2.7 .27 .49 .59 .83 .88 1.0 .32 .54 .73 .83 1.0 1.1 .43 .66 .91 1.2 1.3 1.6 2.0 2.4 3.4 .31 .57 .68 .96 1.0 1.2 .37 .62 .85 .96 1.2 1.3 .49 .76 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.8 4.0 .36 .63 .76 1.1 1.1 1.3 .40 .69 .94 1.1 1.3 1.5 .55 .85 1.2 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.5 3.1 4.3 (GALLONS PER MINUTE) PER SQUARE INCH) 120 140 150 200 300 400 500 PSI PSI PSI PSI PSI PSI PSI .38 .69 .83 1.2 1.2 1.4 .45 .76 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 .61 .94 1.3 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.8 3.5 4.8 .41 .75 .90 1.3 1.3 1.5 .49 .82 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 .65 1.0 1.4 1.9 2.1 2.4 3.0 3.7 5.2 .43 .51 .77 .89 .93 1.3 1.4 1.6 .50 .85 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.8 .68 1.0 1.4 1.9 2.1 2.5 3.1 3.9 5.4 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.8 .57 .98 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 .78 1.2 1.7 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.6 4.4 6.0 .62 1.1 1.3 1.9 2.0 2.2 .70 1.2 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.5 .96 1.5 2.0 2.7 3.0 3.6 4.4 5.4 7.4 .72 1.3 1.5 2.2 2.3 2.6 .81 1.4 1.9 2.2 2.6 2.9 1.1 1.7 2.3 3.2 3.5 4.1 5.1 6.2 8.5 .80 1.4 1.7 2.4 2.6 2.9 .90 1.6 2.1 2.4 2.9 3.3 1.2 1.9 2.6 3.5 3.9 4.6 5.7 6.9 9.6 SPRAY ANGLE ~~I ~us~ ~~~y 55' 60' 67' 81' 87' 93' 49' 57' 64' 80' 84' 92' 35' 50' 59' 73' 79' 84' 65' 70' 61' 65' 69' 76' 87' 90' 97" 60' 68' 75' 86' 89' 96' 47' 61' 66' 78' 83' 88' 64' 69' 60' 50' 62' 68' 77' 82' 90' 47" 58' 64' 76' 81' 89' 36' 51' 58' 72' 78' 82' 62' 49' ~sf.~~~~!!~£0: P.O. Box 7900 - Wheaton, II. 80187-7901 Rev. No. 4 Ref. ~ L Data Sheet No. 14889 SHEET OF Spraying Systems Co. _j FLOW TECHNOLOGIES COMPANY P.O. Box 800 \ Fluid Filtration & Spray Controls \ • Daniels, WV 25832 Work (304) 255-2224 Home (304) 763-2634 Made in USA SPRAY DATA SHEET ON 3/8" NPT HOLLOW CONE NOZZLES Spray No. Body Inlet Dia.Inches ~ -3 #5-3 I #s-5 3/32" 3/32" Orifice Capacity Angle Dia Inch GPM 40PSI .44 5/64" 60° 3/32" 7/64" 3/32" 7/64" 1/8" .62 I Capacity GPM 60PSI .60 65° .84 so• I .81 1. 04 Capacity Angle GPM 80 P~L .60 72' 70" .74 70° .70 Angle 76° I 65° so" .84 I .94 l . 22 . 100 82' I 66' Ang~ Capacity GPM I 86° p~ .70 73. .96 78" . 1. 12 68" 1.42 85° SPRAY DATA SHEET ON 1/2" NPT HOLLOW CONE NOZZLES #3-2 'I 3/32" 5/64" .44 60" .60 .60 #3-3 3/32" 3/32" .44 70° #5-3 7/64" 3/32" .70 65° .81 70' . . 60 1 72" 70° .84 65" .94 82° 669. I .70 73G .86 78" 1.12 68° FLOW TECHNOLOGIES COMPANY .P.O. 8ox800 Daniels, WV 25832 Work (304) 255-2224 ~~Te ~:l_fe4 )~~_:3<1646 \ . Fluid Filtration & Spray Controls • Made in USA FLOW CHART ON STAINLESS STEEL STAPLE LOCK INSERTS CONE TYPE FTC NO. CONFLOW NO. ORIFICE DIAHETER 791C 1MM 2801SC 1 mm FLOW RATE @ 100 PSI .4 GPM .039 791C 1/16" 2801CC 1.58MM ,062 . 8 GPM 791C 3/32" 2801DC 2.38MM .093 1.4 GPM 791C 1/8" 2801TC 3.17MM .125 2.1 GPM FLOW CHART ON STAINLESS STEEL WHIRL JET TYPE 791W 1 MM 2801SW 1 MM .5 GPM@ 100 PSI 791W 1/16" 2801CW 1.58MM .062 .86 GPM@ 100 PSI 791W 3/32'' 2801Pw 2.38MM .093 1.78GPM@ 100 PSI 791W 1/8" 2801TW 3.17MM .125 2.84GPM@ 100 PSI .039 FLOW CHART ON STAINLESS STEEL FULL JET TYPE .86GPM@ 100 PSI 791J 1/16" 2801AJ 1. 58MM .062 791J 3/32" 2801BJ 2.38MM .. 093 1. 78 GPM @ 100 PSI 791J 1/8" 2801TJ 3.17MM .125 2.84 GPM @ 100 PSI DIAMETER FLOW RATE VENTURI TYPE FTC # CONFLOW # .090 2.38MM 1.2 GPM @ 100 PSI 9540-1 650-1912-1 .125 3 .1MM 2.36GPM @ 100 PSI 9540-2 650-1912-2 .142 3.6MM 3.16GPM @ 100 PSI 9540-3 650-1912-3 .158 4.1MM 4.4GPM @ 100 PSI 9540-5 650-1912-5 FLOW P.O. Box 800 Daniels, WV 25832 Work (304) 255-2224 Home (304) 763-2634 TECHNOLOGIES COMPANY Fluid Filtration & Spray Controls \ • Made in USA MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUE ' ENCLOSED IS A PROCEDURE FOR WHAT WE DO. INCLUDING THE SPRAY SIZE AND ORIFICE SIZE AND THE DIFFUSER (DELRIN) THE SUPPLIER WHO SUPPLIES THE DELJliN AND MOST OF THE SPRAYS IS B & D MACHINE IN A"LLIANCE,OHIO DON BURKE IS THE MANAGER ALSO SALEM SPECIALTIES IN SALEM,VA Ronnie Shepherd is Manager MY VENTURI'S ARE MANUFACTURED IN ELLISTON,VA NOLEN SHIPP IS THE METALLERIGICAL ENGINEER THERE. We drill the various sizes of Delrin on Jett high speed drills including the whirl jet and hollow cone. Delrin is drilled in the hollow cone center hole is lMM the side holes are 3/64" and is on a 67 angle. The whirl jet is 1/8" on the side of delrin. APPENDIX AH ROOF CONTROL PLAN - HEADGATE AND TAILGATE SUPPORT ROOF CONTROL PLAN DIAGRAM NO. 8 LONGWALL FACE, HEAD, AND TAIL ENTRY SUPPORT 5 A D D 5 -5 D D 5 D D D D D D D D D • • • • #c # j: DB D D D D D D D D D D D D HEAD 1000' approx. • Post or Hydraulic Jack D Cable Bolt DO TAIL B DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO I Joy/American Longwall shields shall be installed on approximately 5. 75 ft. centers along the longwall face and maximum spacing between the shields shall not exceed twelve inches. Notes: Right hand face shown. Both right and left hand faces may be used. The headgate entry shall be supported at Location A for a mmimum of 50 feet with a minimum of one row of posts and/or hydraulic jacks on 5-foot centers. The location of the row is optional. Two cribs shall be installed at location C near each intersection in lieu of the posts. Person(s) shall not be permitted in area (B) during active longwall development in the face. When men are required to travel in and around the tailgate or stageloader to maintain and service the equiJ?ment, additional posts or jacks shall be installed on 5-foot centers in area tB) and maintained to protect the workmen. (IF the area is not supported by shields) · In a case if spacing between the coal rib and the #1 shield exceeds 5ft, )lpplemental support will be provided in the form of Jacks or Cribs at 4ft intervals. Page 18 NOT TO SCALE ROOF CONTROL PLAN DIAGRAM NO. 9 SUPPLEMENTAL SUPPORT IN TAILGATE ENTRY D D D D D D D D D 6 6 D D 6 6 D D 6 6 D D 6 6 D D 6 6 D D 6 6 D, D 6 6 D D 6 6 D. D 6 6 D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 6T6 D a· Q •· Q D l:,._J.l:,. D D D D D 6 6 D D 6 6 D D Primary Roof Support 6 Cable Bolt or Post D D D D In Longwall development entries of initial longwall panels, the Tailgate Entry will have supplemental support in the form of two (2) 8' Cable Bolts or Posts installed between primary support. This supplemental support shall be maintained 1000' outby the longwall face at all times. PERFORMANCE COAL COMPANY, INC. UPPER BIG BRANCH MINE MSHA ID NO. 46-{]8436 WI State# U-3042-92 ROOF CONTROL PLAN DIAGRAM NO.9 SUPPLENTAL SUPPORT IN TAllGATE ENTRY DATE: 10-27-08 PAGE19 SCALE: 1""' 10' ROOF CONTROL PLAN DIAGRAM NO. 10A . . ..... .. . . SUPPLEMENTAL SUPPORT IN ADJACENT TAILGATE ENTRIES .. ..... ...... .Uf\1/\RIOA$_ rlJ\.VIt:JGLES$ THAN 190()' C:()VE:Rl .. . o 21 Jlo D tJ; D : ! Jl ~ D ~ fi :f ~· o' ff21rl/o ~ lf~T~ w ~ ~ D D D D D o#o D D D #D D D D D D D 8' 5'o1J_.I o o t------Xox 8 D D/1 IT ~ D o Primary Roof Support # 10" Propsetter, Sand Prop or 4-Point Crib NOTE: Sand Props will be installed with a minimum 2" thick by 10" by 10" headboard and footboard. In Longwall development entries with longwall gob on one side and less than 1 000 feet of cover, the tailgate entry shall be supported as follows: a} Adiacent tailgate entry shall be supported with either two rows of . 10' Propsetters (with lleadboards and footboards), two rows of 4-point cribs or two rows of Sand Props. The two rows of 10" Propsetters two rows of 4·point cribs or two rows of Sand Props shall be set on eight-foot lengthwise centers and five-foot crosswise centers with a four-foot lengthwise stagger between the rows. Also, two 1 0" Propsetters, two Sand Props or two cribs shall be set in the intersection 200' outby the Longwal! face for Panel #11(12RT Gate} Only. b) Supports will be maintained 50 feet outby the retreating longwall face for the future adjacent tailgate entry. . PAGE 2D Scale: 1" 1o' ROOF CONTROL PLAN DIAGRAM NO. 108 SUPPLEMENTAL SUPPORT IN ADJACENT TAILGATE ENTRIES ...... (IN AREAS HAVING GREATER IHAN jQOO' CoVER) _ II D D D D D f!l.o D D D D D D D D . _I D D }Jif jjf D #I D I D D D D D D D D D D D D f1.L5'-fI D D m o, D D D D D f! D D o #If r-ITo•. LJ f-t-~.o.x .... J D a<--7- 5'~ o ·o ·I o -~"""' D #I D D #I D D D D D D D D D o Primary Roof Support #f 9aPQint Crib, P..ink·n·Lock, Tri·Set Propsetter or Tri-Set Sand Prop NOTE: ,Sand Props will be installed . with a minimum 2" thick by 10" by 10" headboard and footboard. In l.ongwall development entries with longwall gob on one side and greater than 1 ,OOOft of cover, the following shall apply: a) Adjacent tailgate entry shall be supported with two rows of 9·point cribs •. The 9·point cribs shall be set on eight-foot lengthwise centers and five-foot crosswise centers with a four-foot lengthwise stagger between the rows. Intersections shall be supported as shown. Supports of this capacity shall be installed one break inby and outby of the 1000 feet cover areas. b) Supports will be maintained 50 feet outby the retreating longwall face for the future adjacent tailgate entry. Link·n· Locks Crib systems, Tri·Set 10" Propsetters on 3' centers or Tri-Set Sand Props on 3' centers can be used in lieu of 9 point cribs in intersections. PAGE 21 Scale: 1" 1o' J.M.S. CABLE TRUSS SKETCH i@li , ... 0.6" Cable Truss Plate CJ o. Splice Tube Housing with Wedg:e ! (Installation Optional) -,_ROOF STRATA ~ m ~ ROOF BOLTS INSTALLED AS PRIMARY SUPPORT NOT SHOWN CABLE TRUSS BOLTS WILL BE INSTALLED BETWEEN ROWS OF PRIMARY SUPPORT ----------:'-------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 \ AI" Tl\. TT.1 T:lT n ~ ~------ ~ ~-------- -------,---------- APPENDIX AI STABILITY ANALYSIS OF GATEROAD DESIGN APPENDIX AI STABILITY ANALYSIS OF GATEROAD DESIGN Appendix AI Stability Analysis of Gateroad Design Because of witness testimony regarding extensive floor heave in Headgate 1 North, experienced particularly on development but noted behind the longwall face, analyses of the gateroad pillar design was undertaken for Headgate 1 North, the HG 22, and the ‘new’ TG 22. The analyses were performed using the NIOSH software AMSS (Analysis of Multiple Seam Stability). Review of mine map overlays in conjunction with the following stability analyses indicates that the 1 North Panel was not adequately designed for the overburden and multiple seam conditions that were encountered. It appears that although the mine had longwalled beneath Powellton longwall panels near the end of the previous district, the overburden was less, and the old-style longwall panels in the overlying seam were narrower (500 feet). Even a cursory review of mine map overlays indicates that the 1 North Panel, the first in the new district, would pass perpendicularly beneath gob/solid and remnant pillar configurations, defined by longwall panels in the overlying Powellton seam. This should have prompted the incorporation of an even higher margin of safety in the panel design. However, as discussed below, the gateroad design did not even meet the minimum Pillar Stability Factors recommended by NIOSH in areas of combined multiple seam interaction and high overburden. It should be further noted that even though the pillars as shown on the mine map were of inadequate size, underground observations revealed that entries were commonly mined even wider (23 feet), with resulting pillars that were even smaller than portrayed on maps. Using the actual as-mined dimensions would result in even lower Pillar Stability Factors than portrayed in the design. Headgate 1 North Headgate 1 North was developed as a 3-entry gateroad beginning by November 2008, utilizing 100-foot crosscut centers, with 95-foot centers from the #1 to #2 entry, and 105foot centers from the #2 to #3 entry. Prior to this, the section had been begun from the 6 North Belt as a 5-entry section in July 2008. The 1 North Panel was the first to be developed beneath Powellton seam longwalls since May 2005, at the end of the previous district, when Panel 20 crossed diagonally beneath a 500-foot wide longwall panel. Maximum overburden, based on comparison with structure contours for the Eagle seam provided by the company and a standard USGS topographic map, is 1,290 feet. Headgate 1 North passes beneath several gateroads in the Powellton seam, located 170 feet above, which represent a gob/solid boundary between crosscuts 60-65, with gateroads between mined-out longwall panels interpreted to represent remnant pillars farther west. For purposes of AMSS analyses, the 4-entry gateroads are treated as a single barrier, the width of which is measured to the outside ribs of the outside pillars, a distance of 160 feet. A long barrier between adjacent room-and-pillar workings may represent a remnant pillar configuration near crosscut 45, particularly if the floor has been softened in the Powellton seam, or if pillar extraction has been performed. CMS&H District 4 provided a copy of an AMSS analysis for Headgate 1 North, dated December 14, 2009, which was conducted by District 4 personnel following deterioration of the headgate. The analysis indicated that the Pillar Stability Factor for 2 tailgate loading essentially met the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13, utilizing a gob/solid boundary beneath the Powellton seam longwall panels, and assuming 990 feet of overburden. The Accident Investigation team reviewed the analysis and conducted its own analysis for purposes of comparison. Based on field visits to the Powellton and Eagle seams in this area, the Accident Investigation team analysis used different values for seam height than indicated in the submitted analysis. The submitted analysis appears to address the vicinity of Crosscut 60-65, beneath the gob/solid boundary represented by the Powellton longwall. Based on the analysis seam height of five feet, the 1 North Panel headgate appears to meet the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13. However, field experience indicates that a more realistic value of seam height is seven feet, which substantially reduces the Pillar Stability Factor to 0.82 for tailgate loading conditions, and no longer meets the NIOSH recommended value. The Accident Investigation team’s analysis indicated that in order for the gateroad design to meet the NIOSH recommended Pillar Stability Factor of 1.13, the pillars would have to be increased to 125-foot crosscut and entry centers, compared to the current 100-foot crosscut and 95- to 105-foot entry centers. Although the gateroads were subjected only to headgate loading conditions, an AMSS analysis conducted by the Accident Investigation team indicates that it should have been apparent that the gateroad design was not robust enough to meet the recommended stability factors beneath the deepest overburden in combination with Powellton gateroad crossings. The Accident Investigation team represented the Powellton gateroad crossings as remnant pillars 160 feet wide, surrounded by adjacent longwall gob 620 feet in width that, at 1,290 feet of overburden, resulted in pillar stability factors under headgate loading conditions of only 0.93 (0.52 for tailgate loading conditions, which were not encountered). This not only does not meet the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13, but generates a “condition yellow” warning (“A major interaction should be considered likely unless a pattern of supplemental roof support such as cable bolts or equivalent is installed; rib instability is also likely”) for development, and a “condition red” warning (“A major interaction should be considered likely even if a pattern of supplemental roof support is installed; it may be desirable to avoid the area entirely”) for tailgate loading. In the vicinity of Crosscut 45, the 1 North Panel Headgate passed beneath an 80-foot barrier between two room-and-pillar sections, at 1,260 feet of overburden. The AMSS calculated Pillar Stability Factor for the headgate is only 0.93 following the interpretation that the pillars in the Powellton Seam are no longer carrying load, either due to floor softening from water or undersized pillars that have crushed out or were retreat mined. The value of 0.93 does not meet the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13. It was recorded in inspector’s notes and documented by witness testimony that a water inundation occurred on the 1 North Panel on November 16, 2009, which forced the panel to be shut down for nearly two weeks while water was pumped out, due to the restrictive effect on the ventilation system between the longwall face and the Bandytown fan. Based on review of mine maps, the longwall was between 1 North Headgate Crosscuts 61 to 52 during that period, with the face located at Crosscut 55 in midNovember. This area is significant in that it occurs beneath the transition in the 3 overlying Powellton Seam from a series of longwall panels to room-and-pillar workings, separated by a 220-foot wide barrier. At best, the transition represents a gob/solid boundary and, if the room-and-pillar workings were retreat mined or if floor softening allowed pillar punch, at worst represents a wide barrier between two gobs. Overburden in this area is up to 1,180 feet. Thus, it is plausible that differential subsidence above the 1 North Panel occurred beneath the barrier, causing joints or fractures to increase their aperture sufficiently to allow communication between the Eagle and Powellton seams. 1 North Panel Tailgate The 1 North Panel tailgate was developed using five entries, utilizing 100-foot crosscut and 80-foot entry center spacing, resulting in 80 x 60-foot rectangular pillars. It should be noted that because the 1 North Panel was the first panel in the new longwall district, the tailgate would never be subjected to tailgate loading, and instead would be subjected to only headgate loading conditions. However, according to witness testimony and review of the 2008 Annual Ventilation Map, dated 1/15/2009, what became the 1 North Panel tailgate was originally developed as a 7-entry submains configuration, a non-standard gateroad design, although mine management subsequently elected to use this configuration as a longwall tailgate when the longwall equipment was forced to return earlier than expected from the Logan’s Fork Mine due to encountering adverse geologic conditions (cutting sandstone roof). The 7-entry submains configuration began to be developed from the Glory Hole Mains in January 2008 and continued until October 2008 when the two left-hand entries were dropped, continuing as a 5-entry submains configuration by December 2008. Stability analysis using AMSS indicates that beneath the remnant pillar configuration of overlying Powellton Seam gateroads flanked by 620-foot wide longwall gobs, at depths approaching 1,200 feet such as was encountered during the November 2009 water inundation, the 1 North Panel 5-entry tailgate is characterized by a Pillar Stability Factor of only 0.95, which does not meet the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13. At the longwall face position at the time of the April 5, 2010 explosion, the Pillar Stability Factor of 1.11 was slightly less than the recommended value of 1.13, with the tailgate beneath 970 feet of overburden and a remnant pillar configuration in the overlying Powellton Seam. If the 1 North Tailgate had remained a submains, and not been subjected to longwall loading conditions, the pillar stability factors would have exceeded the values recommended by NIOSH even when subjected to the worst combination of overburden depth and multiple seam interaction. 22 Headgate Following mining of the 1 North Panel Headgate, the 22 Headgate was developed toward the west under similar conditions of overburden and multiple seam interaction. However, pillar sizes were increased to 120-foot crosscut and entry centers, while the panel face was decreased to 890 feet due to having to drive a parallel “new 22 Tailgate” following failure of the 1 North Headgate. Because the gateroads would only be subjected to headgate loading, the larger pillars would be expected to offer better stability than the 1 North Panel gateroads, represented by a Pillar Stability Factor of 1.47 even assuming a gob/solid boundary in the overlying Powellton Seam. If the 4 boundary is represented as a remnant pillar flanked by gob, the Pillar Stability Factor for headgate loading conditions is reduced to 1.30, which still exceeds the NIOSH recommended value of 1.13 but is lower than the 1.35 required by the company’s P-2 Guidelines (Section II, Page 4). 22 Tailgate Following deterioration of the 1 North Headgate when subjected only to headgate loading conditions, CMS&H District 4 required the mine to drive a new gateroad to serve as the tailgate for the proposed 22 Panel. The ‘new TG 22’ was begun parallel to the 1 North Headgate, separated by an 80-foot barrier and reducing the proposed 22 Panel from 1,000 feet in width to only 890 feet in width. In order to eliminate side abutment stress from the 1 North Panel, the barrier would have to have been 335 feet wide, a distance defined by 9.3 times the square root of the 1,300-foot overburden. The use of the wider barrier is justified because the adjacent 1 North Panel headgate was in failure and would have offered little or no protection from side abutment stress. The ‘new TG 22’ utilizes the same pillar size as the failed 1 North Headgate, represented by 100-foot crosscut centers with 95-foot centers from the #1 to #2 entry, and 105-foot centers from the #2 to #3 entry. Therefore, the result in terms of stability should not have been expected to be different from that experienced on the 1 North Headgate, although the narrower panel width would be expected to improve stability. Beneath the greatest overburden of 1,300 feet, between Crosscuts 75-80, which coincides with a Powellton gateroad crossing, the Pillar Stability Factor for headgate loading conditions is only 0.93, which does not meet the NIOSH recommended value. Thus, it can be concluded that despite driving a new tailgate for the 22 Panel, the design was not modified in any way, and should have still been expected to allow degraded ground conditions in the anticipated high cover and multiple seam conditions. APPENDIX AJ OPERATION OF THE MINECOM UHF LEAKY FEEDER SYSTEM, PYOTT-BOONE TRACKING, AND PYOTT-BOONE CARBON MONOXIDE MONITORING SYSTEM U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION TECHNICAL SUPPORT INVESTIGATIVE REPORT Operation of the Minecom UHF Leaky Feeder System, Pyott-Boone Tracking, and Pyott-Boone Carbon Monoxide Monitoring System at Performance Coal Company Upper Big Branch Mine-South (MSHA ID 46-08436) Montcoal (Raleigh County), WV April 5, 2010 PAR 98747 Prepared By: Juliette Hill, Mining Engineer November 04, 2011 -Originating OfficeApproval and Certification Center Electrical Safety Division Kenneth J. Porter, Chief 765 Technology Drive Triadelphia, West Virginia 26059 1 ABSTRACT The Approval and Certification Center (A&CC), as requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page, conducted an investigation related to the post-accident communications and tracking system and the carbon monoxide monitoring system installed in the Upper Big Branch Mine (UBB) prior to the explosion on April 5, 2010. The investigation included: A. The operation of the leaky feeder, tracking, and carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring systems in place at the UBB mine prior to the explosion, including an issue with a fuse in the leaky feeder amplifier circuit; and B. An estimation of the time interval between the explosion and the time the CO monitoring system indicated a problem. Additionally, data was collected to apply a correction of the clock on the computer in use at UBB to GPS time. The communications and tracking systems consisted of a MineCom Model MCA 2000 UHF leaky feeder system and Pyott-Boone Model Tracker Boss tracking system. Tracking data was displayed by the MineBoss software package. These systems were not fully installed according to UBB’s approved Emergency Response Plan (ERP) at the time of the explosion. Of the 48 readers displayed on the tracking map within MineBoss, the histories of only 21 of them indicate they were operational on April 5, 2010. Some tags were not assigned to an individual in the database, so unless the mine maintained a list outside the electronic tracking system, the miners associated with these tags were not tracked. After the explosion, only the readers nearest the North and South portals remained operational. The system layout did not take advantage of installing an additional Head End Unit at the existing Ellis Portal. This would have provided more redundancy in the systems and might have allowed additional portions of the communication and tracking system to remain operational after the explosion. Data available indicates that the portions of the post-accident communications and tracking systems that were in use at UBB prior to the explosion were not maintained in a serviceable manner. The event log indicates that several components of the CO monitoring system were in a fluctuating status prior to the explosion on April 5, 2010, and that the entire CO monitoring system was disabled as a result of the explosion. It cannot be determined from the event log whether the entire system was rendered inoperable immediately after the explosion, or whether portions of the system lost functionality over time, because all components did not report or communicate their status in the event log at the same time. Pyott-Boone Electronics (Pyott-Boone) has addressed the leaky feeder system amplifiers with opened fuses in the field. Pyott-Boone subsequently modified the Model 1950 barrier to the Model 1950A barrier so that the modified barrier reduces 2 the susceptibility of the fuse in the amplifier. Minecom has submitted a design change to their approval to address the susceptible fuse in the amplifier. Calculations based upon data within the configuration of MineBoss indicate that the event that interrupted communications between CO monitor 88 and the monitoring and control system (MCS) computer occurred approximately 1 minute 48 seconds prior to 15:08:01. Given the location of CO monitor 88, that event is assumed to be the explosion that occurred on April 5, 2010. The time estimate between the event that initiated the COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status of CO Monitor 88 and its record into the event log can be applied to the PC clock to obtain a corrected time with respect to the GPS clock. Applying the 1 minute 48 second interval to the corrected CO Monitor 88 COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status time, using data taken in April 2010, indicates the event that initiated the status reached CO Monitor 88 at 15:00:31 on April 5, 2010. Applying the 1 minute 48 second time to the corrected CO Monitor 88 COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status time, using data taken between August and September 2011, shows that the event that initiated the status reached CO Monitor 88 at 15:00:28 on April 5, 2010. The data collected in April 2010 (prior to the PC’s removal from the mine) is believed to be more reliable than the data collected after the PC was returned to the mine. However, the maintenance of the tracking system (refer to §2.8), unknown scanning priority at the time of the explosion (refer to §3.4.3), the approximations of the CO monitoring system specifications (refer to §3.4.5), and the unknown status of the actual PC (refer to §3.5.3) combine to introduce uncertainty in both the time estimate between the explosion and the status change of CO Monitor 88 in the event log, and the time difference calculated between the PC clock and reference time. Additionally, time drift analyses based on other equipment recovered from the mine (the DVR and multi-gas detectors) indicate the explosion occurred at approximately 3:02 pm on April 5, 2010. Based on the maintenance, configuration, and conditions of the MineBoss PC and in comparison with other time calculations, both corrected times of 15:00:31 and 15:00:28 are not being considered accurate estimates. Information presented in this report is based upon data obtained from an electronic copy of the event log database of the system in use at UBB from September 2009 to April 2010. This report also includes information received from the UBB accident investigation team. 2 THE OPERATION OF THE LEAKY FEEDER, TRACKING, AND CO MONITORING SYSTEMS IN PLACE AT THE UBB MINE PRIOR TO THE EXPLOSION. 2.1. Communications System. The post-accident communications system approved in UBB’s ERP is an ultra high frequency (UHF) leaky feeder system manufactured by Minecom. The Model MCA 2000 UHF Leaky Feeder System holds MSHA 3 approval 23-A090001-0 and operates at a frequency of approximately 450 MHz. The Minecom leaky feeder system is comprised of the following components: Head End Unit (4 input) HEB1 barriers UMLAD-BAT UHF in-line amplifiers VBU1 and VBU2 splitters VPC power couplers VTB cable termination VJB in-line connector/splice Radiating (leaky feeder) cable Pyott-Boone Model 1925 24 Vdc power supplies Pyott-Boone Model 1950 power barriers Pyott-Boone Model 1955 amplifier Battery backup (12 V lead-acid gel cell) The leaky feeder communication system is a distributed antenna system that provides two-way voice communications throughout the mine and to the surface. Radio frequency is transmitted to and radiates from the coaxial (leaky feeder) cable distributed in the mine from the Head End Unit installed at the surface. UMLAD-BAT UHF in-line amplifiers placed at regular intervals along the coaxial cable periodically boost the signal. When within range of the leaky feeder system, miners use separately approved, portable UHF radios to communicate throughout the mine and with the surface. In their ERP, UBB calls out Motorola HT750 radios, MSHA approval number 23-A080007-0, for use with the Minecom leaky feeder system. The leaky feeder system is intrinsically safe when operated on standby power. Equipment that may be operated in permissible areas is segregated by HEB1 barriers and VPC power couplers. The Pyott-Boone Model 1955 amplifier battery backup is rated to provide 96 hours of standby power. 2.2. Tracking System. The post-accident tracking system approved in UBB’s ERP is a radio frequency identification (RFID) system manufactured by Pyott-Boone. The Model Tracker Boss Tagging System holds MSHA approval 23-A090011-0. The Pyott-Boone tracking system is comprised of the following components: Model 1981 UHF Tag Readers with antennas Model 1925 120VAC/24VDC Power Supplies Minecom HEB1 barriers Model 1980 RFID Tracking Tags (MSHA Approval No. 23-A080004-0) Readers are placed throughout the mine at known locations, so tags within range of a particular reader are associated with that location. Antennas may be extended to permissible areas when segregated by HEB1 barriers. Readers collect location data from tracking tags in the 900 MHz frequency band. The readers transmit the location data over the leaky feeder system, but there is no electrical connection between the two systems. The tracking data uses the leaky feeder system as a backbone to get the data to the surface, which then interfaces with the computer and associated hardware and software. 4 The tracking system is intrinsically safe when operated on standby power. The lead-acid gel cell battery housed in the reader is rated to supply 96 hours of standby power. The total duration depends upon how much activity the reader is exposed to while operating under battery power, but the condition and state of charge of the battery when line power is removed also affects the operation. 2.3. MineBoss. Pyott-Boone provides the MineBoss software package (MineBoss) at the monitoring and control system (MCS) computer at the surface to interface with various systems in use at a mine. MineBoss provides event driven data logging (an event log) that monitors the systems integrated into the mine. At the time of the explosion, the systems at UBB monitored by MineBoss included the CO monitoring, belt monitoring, and tracking systems, which are all manufactured by Pyott-Boone. The MineBoss event log records events with the CO monitoring system such as the status of communications, warnings, calibrations, the status of uninterrupted power supplies, alarms, etc. Belt starts and stops are monitored in the Belt Boss system. With respect to the tracking system, MineBoss records events such as a reader coming online or offline, and advisories and panics associated with tags in the event log. However, the event log does not record a tag’s reception at a reader. Each reader maintains an individual history in the MineBoss report database which may be accessed via report functions. In addition to the event log for each of the systems, MineBoss provides maps for the systems it monitors. The respective system components are displayed along representations of the conveyor belts installed throughout the mine. The readers’ histories and other data can be accessed from the tracking map screen by clicking on the reader icons. Similar to the tracking map, the CO monitor icons can be clicked for information as well. There are also buttons on the mapping displays for navigating to other screens within MineBoss. Information presented in this report is based upon data obtained from an electronic copy of the MineBoss software and event log database of the system in use at UBB from September 2009 to April 2010. 2.4. Communications and Tracking Systems. The leaky feeder communication system is a distributed antenna with amplifiers placed periodically to boost the RF signal. The system is provided with standby power in the event that line power is disrupted. The tracking system is comprised of readers placed throughout the mine; each reader has a standby power source as well. Although there is no electrical connection between the communications and tracking systems, the readers use the leaky feeder as the backbone to send location data to the MCS. So even though there is no connection between the two systems, the performance of the tracking system is entirely dependent upon the operation of the leaky feeder communications system. Pyott-Boone representatives state the readers could continue to function (store location data) if the leaky feeder system ceased 5 functioning. However, the tracking data collected during this time would be lost if the leaky feeder system were not restored to service before the standby power of the readers was depleted. 2.5. Installation of the Communication and Tracking Systems. The Minecom leaky feeder and Pyott-Boone tracking systems were not completely installed according to UBB’s approved ERP on April 5, 2010. 2.5.1. The accident investigation team reported that leaky feeder cable was attached to each of the four inputs of the Head End Unit. The inputs were labeled: North Track, North Intake, South Track, and South Intake. With some exceptions, the post-accident communications and tracking systems were not yet installed on the working sections to provide the coverage as described in Appendices A and B of the mine’s approved ERP. 2.5.2. The accident investigation team reported that the leaky feeder was installed 12 crosscuts outby Headgate 22 in the primary and secondary escapeways. The leaky feeder went up to the stageloader on the longwall (just outby the face) in the secondary escapeway and up to the mule train in the primary escapeway. Additionally, the leaky feeder extended to the mouth of the Tailgate 22 area. 2.5.3. No readers were installed on working sections. The accident investigation team reported that the tracking system stopped at the mouth of Headgate 1 north of the current longwall face. 2.5.4. Aside from the two different areas of the mine (North and South), it is not known which branch of the leaky feeder system (track or intake) with which the readers were associated. 2.6. Operation of the Communication and Tracking Systems Prior to the Explosion. Between January 1, 2010, and April 10, 2010, the MineBoss database shows that 251 tags were tracked underground. Many of the tracking tags detected within the system did not have names associated with them in the database. The tracking system was configured such that readers at the North, South, and Ellis portals could read tags that were on the surface. The result is the all 251 tags may not have gone underground at UBB between January 1, 2010, and April 10, 2010. Refer to the Appendix for a listing of these tags. 2.6.1. One hundred eighteen (118) tags were detected by the tracking system on April 5, 2010. As stated previously, this may include tags that were near portals but did not go underground on April 5, 2010. Refer to the Appendix for a listing of these tags. 2.6.2. The event log lists 58 readers at the time of the explosion. The 18 readers on the bottom left corner of the tracking map described as spares are not included in this count. There are 50 readers displayed on the tracking map. The following 6 information is reported assuming that the readers displayed on the tracking map were located accordingly underground. The 58 readers are comprised of: • Two of the readers on the tracking map (111 & 112) were designated as test readers and as such are not part of the tracking system installation. • Forty-eight (48) of the 50 readers displayed on the tracking map comprise the electronic tracking system throughout the mine. • The remaining eight (8) readers are listed in the event log but are not displayed on the tracking map. • Four of these readers (34, 59, 67, and 96) have histories in the report database, although the latest date any of these four readers reported a tag is March 23, 2010. There is no indication of where these readers may have been located underground. It is not known if any of them were intended as part of the tracking system installation. • The other four readers (35, 48, 57, and 80) listed in the event log but not displayed on the tracking map are not listed in the report database. A reader that is not listed in the report database would not have a tracking history. It is likely that these readers were not linked to the report database, although it is now known if they were ever linked or when the link to the database may have been disconnected. While these four readers may have been reading tags and even reporting location data to the surface, no tracking data was available in the report database from these readers. As such, they are considered inoperable. 2.6.3. The tracking map display in MineBoss shows 48 readers positioned along the conveyor belts. Map 1 in Appendix A shows the layout of the tracking system in use at UBB at the time of the explosion. Table 1 sorts the readers by the last date a tag was read, as indicated by the individual reader histories. 7 Table 1 Reader Operability as Indicated by Reader History Readers Not Operating on April 5, 2010 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 reader ID 3.44 3.98 3.79 3.26 3.17 3.50 3.45 3.74 3.94 3.15 3.53 3.97 3.22 3.37 3.65 3.10 3.16 3.54 3.66 3.23 3.55 3.90 3.19 3.25 3.71 3.8 3.83 location description in MineBoss 4 Brk on East Mains Track East Mains Punchout 22Brk on Track 25 Brk In 4 Sect Intake 24 Brk In 3 Sect Intake 2 BRK on 4 Section Track 2 Section Intake Split Ellis Punchout Intake 4 Brk South Track 13Brk East Mains Track Ellis Switch 3Section 1 Head Starter 3 Brk on 3 Section Track 100 Brk Intake 60 Brk Intake 2Brks Inby Intake Split 49 Brk Intake Ellis Intake Split 83 Brk Intake Ellis Intake Split UBB Side 1 Brk Inby 2 Section 1 Head 20 Brk In Intake 100 Brk Track South Fan 4 Brk South Intake last date a tag was read 02/27/10 02/27/10 03/17/10 03/18/10 03/22/10 03/22/10 03/24/10 03/24/10 03/24/10 03/25/10 03/25/10 03/25/10 03/29/10 03/31/10 03/31/10 04/01/10 04/01/10 04/01/10 04/01/10 04/03/10 04/03/10 04/03/10 no history no history no history no history no history Readers Operating on April 5, 2010 reader ID 3.18 3.20 3.30 3.32 3.5 3.56 3.58 3.62 3.70 3.72 3.75 3.76 3.82 3.92 3.99 3.43 3.9 3.1 3.11 3.47 3.87 location description in MineBoss 5 North Belt Starter 52 Brk Track 64 Brk Intake 76 Brk on Track 31 Brk on North Track 58 Brk on track 62 Brk on track 3 brks inby ellis switch 6 North Starter Box 2 Brk on 4 section track 83 Brk on Track Ellis Punchout Track 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis 3 Brk Intake North Fan North Track Portal 11Brk on North Track 3 Brk on North Track South Track Portal last date a tag was read 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/05/10 04/06/10 04/06/10 04/10/10 04/10/10 04/10/10 04/10/10 • Twenty-one (21) of the readers were operational on April 5, 2010 as indicated by tags reported in their tracking histories. This indicates that the leaky feeder system was operational in these areas of the mine and outby to the head end because the tracking system uses the leaky feeder system as a backbone to transmit location data to the surface. • Searches of the report database within MineBoss indicate that 27 of the 48 readers on the tracking map did not read a tag on April 5, 2010. This could indicate that no tags were within range of any of these readers on April 5, 2010. However, this is viewed as unlikely for many of these readers because as shown in the table, the tracking histories indicate that it was at least two days and in many cases several weeks since the last time a tag was read. If system(s) or components were inoperable, this could result from either problems with the individual readers or with the leaky feeder system (either the track or intake branches in each of the North and South areas of the mine). Reader 30 is shown as the most inby reader on the tracking map and was operational on April 5, 2010. This indicates that at least one branch of the leaky feeder system was operational as far inby as the longwall section in the North area of the mine. 8 • Five (5) of the 27 readers determined inoperable on April 5, 2010 (8, 19, 25, 71, 83) but displayed on the tracking map had no tracking history available in MineBoss. Similar to readers 35, 48, 57, and 80 above, these five readers do not appear linked to the report database and are therefore considered inoperable. 2.6.4. In the South area of the mine, only reader 87 described as South Track Portal reports a tracking history up to and after April 5, 2010. The latest date any of the other 12 readers shown on the tracking map in the South area of the mine is March 25, 2010 by readers 15, 53, and 97. Given that reader 87 was located near a portal, it would not be as susceptible to issues that might interfere with its operation as readers installed in more inby areas of the mine. Other than reader 87, the 12 readers displayed on the tracking map in the South area of the mine last report histories between 02/27/10 to 03/25/10. While it can be assumed that the leaky feeder system was operational until 02/27/10 in the South area of the mine, there is no indication in the MineBoss database whether the readers stopped reporting location data due to problems with the readers themselves, or if the leaky feeder system for this entire area of the mine inby reader 87 ceased functioning on or after 03/25/10. 2.6.5. Reader 1 (North Track Portal) detected a panic button pressed on Tag 176 twice at 06:55 on April 5, 2010. Tag 176 did not have a name assigned to it in the tag database. Tag 176 was tracked at Reader 1 twice at 06:55:27. Tag 176 was cleared in the event log at 07:46:40. 2.6.6. In the days immediately prior to the explosion, Reader 82 described as 83 Brk on track came ALIVE and went DEAD repeatedly in the event log. Readers report as ALIVE when first picked up by a starting master station, or when beginning communications with the master station after the leaky feeder was repaired. Conversely, readers report DEAD when communications with the master station is disrupted. The status of reader 82 changed sometimes over the span of a couple of hours on a particular day (April 4, 2010), and sometimes throughout the duration of a day (April 1, 2010). The event log shows this continued in the early morning hours until 14:54:42 on April 5, 2010. Reader 82 did report location data for tags during this time. 2.7. Operation of the Communication and Tracking Systems After the Explosion. The explosion at UBB occurred shortly after 3:00 pm on April 5, 2010. 2.7.1. According to the MineBoss clock, between 15:11:14 and 15:11:44 on April 5, 2010, 14 readers reported as DEAD in the event log. Three more readers reported as DEAD between 16:35:25 and 16:35:56. A total of 17 readers reported as DEAD in the event log shortly after the explosion. 2.7.2. The following six readers continued to report location data after the explosion on April 5, 2010: 1; 11; 43; 47; 87; and 9. The tracking map indicates that these readers are all located at or near a mine portal. (Note: The first location data 9 reported by reader 9 on April 5, 2010 was at 15:49:45. Prior to the explosion on April 5, 2010, reader 9 last reported location data on April 1, 2010.) MAP 2 in Appendix A shows the status of the readers after the explosion on April 5, 2010 by the event log. 2.7.3. Between 19:02:49 and 19:05:52, 57 of the 58 readers in the event log came ONLINE. Readers are reported as ONLINE as a result of user configuration changes at the master station at the surface. Eight of the readers reporting as coming ONLINE at this time are not shown on the MineBoss tracking map. These are the same eight readers described previously as listed in the event log but not displayed on the tracking map. Two readers that came ONLINE are the test readers 111 and 112. The remaining 47 readers that came ONLINE are displayed on the tracking system map. 2.7.4. Reader 99 described as 2Brks Outby Ellis Switch did not report ONLINE in the event log with the other 57 readers beginning at 19:02:49 on April 5, 2010. Reader 99 was in the report database and reported location data in the days before and up to 14:51:30 on April 5, 2010 as indicated by its reader history. The only status reported in the event log for Reader 99 on April 5, 2010 was DEAD with the other 16 readers shortly after the explosion at 15:11:36. 2.7.5. There is no activity in the event log tracking system between 16:35:56 and 19:02:49. The accident investigation team indicated that around this time on April 5, 2010 representatives of Pyott-Boone on site at UBB offered their assistance in monitoring the MineBoss system. 2.7.6. Between 19:02:50 and 19:04:40 on April 5, 2010, six readers (1, 9, 11, 43, 47, and 87) came ALIVE in the event log. As stated earlier, readers report as ALIVE when first picked up by a starting master station, or when beginning communications with the master station after the leaky feeder was repaired. The six readers that came ALIVE are located at or near a portal and are the same six readers that continued to operate after the explosion. 2.7.7. At 21:50:45 and 21:50:51 on April 5, 2010, Reader 87 (South Track Portal) reported in the event log that Tag 701 pressed PANIC. Tag 701 is assigned to Jim Bowyer in the MineBoss database. After the two PANIC reports, the only other listing in the event log for Reader 87 is that it reported DEAD at 19:09:42 on 04/10/10. Tag 701 was last tracked at 23:43:35 on April 5, 2010 at Reader 87. Since Reader 87 is located near a portal, it is unknown if Tag 701 was actually underground at the time the PANIC alarms were initiated. 2.8. CONCLUSION. When compared with each other prior to the explosion, the event log and the tracking map within MineBoss indicate inconsistencies in the electronic tracking system at UBB. Some readers included on the tracking map were not operational on April 5, 2010, and some readers in the report database were not on the tracking map and vice versa. Some tags were not assigned to an individual in 10 the database, so unless the mine maintained a list outside the electronic tracking system, the miners associated with these unassigned tags were not tracked. Of the 48 readers displayed on the tracking map within MineBoss, the histories of only 21 of them indicate they were operational on April 5, 2010. This resulted in gaps in the coverage of the electronic tracking system, the largest being the entire South area of the mine inby Reader 87. After the explosion, only the readers nearest the North and South portals remained operational. The system layout did not take advantage of installing an additional Head End Unit at the existing Ellis Portal. This would have provided more redundancy in the systems and might have allowed additional portions of the communication and tracking system to remain operational after the explosion. Data available from MineBoss indicates that the portions of the post-accident communications and tracking systems that were in use at UBB prior to the explosion were not maintained in a serviceable manner. 2.9. DESCRIPTION OF FUSE ISSUE WITH LEAKY FEEDER LINE AMPLIFIERS 2.9.1. As previously described, the leaky feeder communication system is a distributed antenna with amplifiers placed periodically to boost the RF signal. The leaky feeder system has standby power supplied by batteries which are charged during normal operation. When line power is interrupted, the leaky feeder system continues to operate using the standby power source, which is the Pyott-Boone Model 1955 12 volt lead-acid Line Amplifier Battery Backup (1955 battery). Although the standby power source for the tracking system is a battery housed within each reader enclosure, the operation of the tracking system during loss of line power is also dependent upon the standby power source for the leaky feeder system because the tracking data is transmitted to the surface over the leaky feeder system. 2.9.2. Each amplifier in the leaky feeder system has its own 1955 battery backup unit. Amplifiers receive power over the leaky feeder cable from power couplers which are in line with a power supply. The 1955 battery is charged from DC voltage that travels over the leaky feeder cable, through the amplifier circuit, and through the four conductor cable to the 1955 battery charge circuit as shown in Figure 1. 11 Power Supply 1955 Battery 4 conductor cable DC output power Power Coupler leaky feeder cable Amplifier power + RF transmission Figure 1 Sketch of Part of the Power Path for the Leaky Feeder System 2.9.3. The amplifier circuit includes a non-replaceable (soldered to the printed circuit board) fuse. Reports from field installations indicate that this fuse is susceptible to opening, reportedly due to voltage spikes from the line power source. Even when a 1955 battery is fully charged, an open fuse renders the amplifier inoperable, so communications inby the inoperable amplifier are severed. Although the operation of the tracking readers would be unaffected by the open fuse in the amplifier because they could continue to function on their own standby power source, they would not be able to transmit tracking data to the surface because the open fuse in the amplifier disrupts the operation of the leaky feeder system. 2.9.4. As stated previously, the open fuse in the amplifier renders it inoperable. As a result, communications via the leaky feeder system inby any amplifier with an open fuse is disrupted. This also results in an interruption of the electronic tracking system, because the tracking system uses the leaky feeder as a backbone to transmit tracking data to the surface. It was noted in a previous section of this report that there were areas of the mine where the tracking system was shown as installed but MineBoss did not have tracking data for weeks prior to the accident. As reported by members of the accident investigation team, efforts to reinstall the communications and tracking system after the accident indicate that open fuses in amplifiers interfered with the performance of the electronic tracking system. 2.9.5. The problem of the fuse being susceptible to voltage fluctuations was recognized soon after the approval for the leaky feeder system was issued. The A&CC subsequently received questions from mine operators who wanted to be able to replace the fuse themselves. However, the design of the amplifier required that the fuse be replaced by the manufacturer only. An alternative solution to the problem might be to replace the amplifier, but some operators 12 report this to be burdensome for several reasons: the occurrence of the fuses opening is frequent; and, replacing the amplifier requires keeping a significant amount of inventory on hand. 2.9.6. CONCLUSION. Pyott-Boone, as Minecom’s distributor, has addressed the amplifiers with opened fuses in the field. Pyott-Boone modified the Model 1950 barrier to the Model 1950A barrier. The design of the modified barrier reduces the susceptibility of the fuse in the amplifier. Minecom has submitted a design change to their approval to address this issue. 3 OPERATION OF THE CO MONITORING SYSTEM. 3.1. Operation of the CO Monitoring System Prior to the Explosion. 3.1.1. The MineBoss Station 1 Scanner in the CO monitoring system lists 126 components as online in the system. This includes 18 components for the belt boss system. 3.1.2. In the 24 hours prior to the explosion on April 5, 2010, there were several dozen entries to the event log for six components within the CO monitoring system at UBB. The following information is reported assuming that the components of the CO monitoring system displayed on the CO monitoring map in MineBoss were located accordingly underground. 3.1.3. Component 21 described as Eastmains UPS GAINED COMMUNICATIONS and reported DEAD COMMUNICATIONS. GAINED COMMUNICATIONS indicates that the component is communicating with the master station. DEAD COMMUNICATIONS indicates that communication between the master station at the surface and the component is disrupted. 3.1.4. CO Monitor 26 described as Ellis #4 Tail reported several warnings, alarms, relaunches, etc. for CO. The warnings indicate a CO concentration that ranged up to 28 ppm. 3.1.5. CO Monitor 45 described as 500 From Face GAINED COMMUNICATIONS and reported DEAD COMMUNICATIONS over three dozen times. 3.1.6. CO Monitor 63 described as BLUE OUT had several status changes, some of which were: alarm relaunched (0 ppm); alarm latch set (0 ppm); warning latch set (0 ppm); alarm latch resets (0 ppm); warning latch reset (0 ppm); and maximum CO value obtained during alarm condition was (0 ppm). 3.1.7. Component 71 described as SMART REMOTE ELLIS 5 HEAD reported CO Monoxide Warning (4, 5, and 6 ppm); CO Monoxide Warning CLEARED (3 and 4 ppm); and Warning Latch Set and Reset over 2 dozen times. 13 3.1.8. Component 100 described as Analog Scanner had several status changes related to remote switch, winch, gob switch, fire, AC power, and sequence. 3.1.9. The last record in the CO monitoring system event log prior to 3:00 pm on April 5, 2010 is for CO Monitor 71 “Carbon Monoxide Warning CLEARED (4 ppm),” which was reported at 14:46:21. 3.1.10. The map in Mineboss for the CO monitoring system consists of 70 components (CO monitors, UPSes, a test CO monitor, etc.) configured along representations of the conveyor belts. 3.2. Operation of the CO Monitoring System After the Explosion. 3.2.1. CO monitor 88 reported COMMUNICATIONS DEAD at 15:08:01 on April 5, 2010. Fifty-one (51) other components of the CO monitoring system reported COMMUNICATIONS DEAD between 15:08:01 and 15:25:59. Forty-nine (49) of the 52 components were displayed on the CO map in MineBoss. MAP 3 in Appendix A shows the status of the CO monitoring system after the explosion on April 5, 2010 as indicated by the event log. 3.2.2. CO Monitor 118 described as 5 North at Flow Thru reported an alarm of 105 ppm at 15:11:58. In addition to CO Monitor 118, seven other CO monitors alarmed with high concentrations of CO between 15:12:29 and 15:12:49 (77; 82; 83; 84; 85; 86; and 120). These eight CO monitors alarmed and relaunched alarms more than two dozen times from 15:11:58 to 17:56:42. 3.2.3. There is no activity in the event log for the CO monitoring system between 17:56:42 and 19:02:52. As stated previously, the accident investigation team indicated that at this time on April 5, 2010, representatives of Pyott-Boone on site at UBB offered their assistance and began monitoring the MineBoss system. 3.2.4. The event log indicates that 69 CO monitors reported COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status between 19:03:25 and 22:01:05 on April 5, 2010. During this time, the Component 21 Eastmains UPS indicated an ALARM status. 3.2.5. Several CO monitors, including two monitors that are displayed on the CO map in the North area of the mine (41 and 96), did not report COMMUNICATIONS DEAD with the other 52 components of the system before 15:25:59. However, the event log indicates that the components in the entire CO monitor system reported COMMUNICATIONS DEAD by 22:01:05 on April 5, 2010. 3.3. CONCLUSION. The event log indicates that several components of the CO monitoring system were in a fluctuating status prior to the explosion on April 5, 2010. After the explosion, the continuously relaunching CO monitors and the absence of information from the CO system that appeared to remain operational indicate problems with the operation of the system. After the assistance from 14 representatives of Pyott-Boone, the event log indicates that the CO monitoring system was disabled in the entire North area of the mine and then throughout the entire mine as a result of the explosion. It cannot be determined from the event log whether the entire system was rendered inoperable immediately after the explosion, or whether portions of the system lost functionality over time, because all components did not report or communicate their status in the event log at the same time. 3.4. Estimation of the time interval leading to the “COMMUNICATIONS DEAD” status of CO Monitor 88 at 15:08:01 in the event log. 3.4.1. The event log generated by the MineBoss software indicates that CO Monitor 88 reported COMMUNICATIONS DEAD at 15:08:01 on April 5, 2010. Given the layout of the CO monitors in place at UBB and the extent of the area affected by the explosion, an assumption can be made that this was the first CO monitor to successfully communicate an event to the event log as a consequence of the explosion. Based on that assumption and with the assistance of representatives from Pyott-Boone, an estimate of the time between the events that initiated the COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status of CO Monitor 88 and its record into the event log can be calculated. The following is an estimation of the time required by MineBoss to report the status of CO Monitor 88 as COMMUNICATIONS DEAD at 15:08:01 on April 5, 2010after the event that caused the COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status. 3.4.2. MineBoss indicates that 126 units were online for the MineBoss Station 1 Scanner in the Pyott-Boone CO Monitoring System. (The Station 1 Scanner is the scanner within MineBoss used for the CO monitoring system.) The system scans components based on an election scheme that takes multiple variables into account to develop a priority scanning profile, in addition to parameters that are configured within MineBoss at the MCS. Some of these variables are alarms, successful prior communications, unsuccessful prior communications, the number of screens open in MineBoss at a time, etc. As a result, the scanning profile constantly changes. 3.4.3. MineBoss does not offer information on the scanning priority present in the system prior to the explosion. However, the time between an event that interrupts a component’s communications and the time that COMMUNICATIONS DEAD is recorded in the event log can be estimated based on the configuration of the system and data obtained from the event log. 3.4.4. The event log indicates that 52 components within the CO monitoring system recorded a COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status in the event log beginning at 15:08:01 on April 5, 2010. Using this data and an approximation of the specifications of the system as configured at UBB, the calculations in Table 2 estimate that approximately 1 minute and 48 seconds elapsed between the event that stopped communications with CO Monitor 88 and the resulting COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status that was recorded in the event log. 15 Table 2 Calculation of Elapsed Time Description  time required for a successful communication  total time for 74 successful communications  time required for an unsuccessful communication  time required for a port timeout w/no response  total time required for an unsuccessful communication  total time for 52 unsuccessful communications  total time for all devices to communicate  total time for communication w/ all devices prior to priority downgrade  Weighted Average Time (52 units are dead; 74 units  operational)  number of cycles required to reach communications fail  average time required to reach communications fail  Time, s  0.141  10.406  0.069  0.210  0.279  14.495  24.901  249.013  0.198  36.000  7.115      AVERAGE TIME TO COMMUNICATION DEAD STATUS:  107.515  3.4.5. Table 3 shows some of the specifications of the CO monitoring system that were used in the above calculations. However, these specifications are approximated, because it is unknown what configuration existed in MineBoss at the time of the explosion. Table 3 CO Monitoring System Specifications      System Specifications Baud 320  bits required for successful communication 45  bits required for an unsuccessful communication 22  size of scanner queue (# of scan cycles) 4  # of time intervals between the retry count (10 scans) 9  channel dead countdown 100  uncertainty figure 0.4  time for channel dead countdown 10  time required for a port timeout w/no response 0.210                    seconds  seconds  seconds  seconds  3.4.6. These calculations were based upon data from the CO monitoring system. Data from the tracking system would yield a less reliable time estimate than the CO monitoring system because of the use subchannels within the tracking system. 3.4.7. CONCLUSION. Calculations based upon an approximation of the configuration of MineBoss indicate that the event that interrupted communications between CO Monitor 88 and the MCS occurred approximately 1 minute 48 seconds prior to 15:08:01, which is the time according to the MineBoss 16 system on April 5, 2010. Given the location of CO Monitor 88, that event is assumed to be the explosion that occurred on April 5, 2010. 3.5. Time drift measurements on the UUB personal computer (PC). 3.5.1. Following the explosion on April 5, 2010, the time difference between the PC clock in use at UBB for the Pyott-Boone Tracking, CO Monitoring, and BeltBoss Systems was compared to GPS time. 3.5.2. Three data points were taken in April 2010. However, the data point recorded on April 5, 2010 at 19:45 did not include seconds; this data point was not included in the drift calculation. This left two data points from April 15 (time difference of 00:05:48) and April 29 (time difference of 00:05:56). The time drift calculates to 0.576 seconds/day over approximately 14 days. The drift was calculated by Microsoft Excel’s ‘Linear Trendline’ function. The resulting slope (drift) and y-intercept were used to determine the corrected COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status time. If this correction is applied to the time recorded in the event log when CO Monitor 88 reported a COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status, this adjusts the time stamp from 15:08:01 to 15:02:19. 3.5.3. The accident team indicated that the Federal Bureau of Investigation confiscated the subject PC and subsequently returned it to the mine after the collection of the initial set of time drift data. It is also reported that the MineBoss software was upgraded after the PC was returned to the mine. It is unknown what other changes may have occurred to the PC. 3.5.4. Additional time drift data points were taken at seven day intervals (with the exception that the last interval was six days) between August 26 and September 15, 2011. The time differences noted were 00:59:04 on August 26; 00:59:06 on September 2; 00:59:08 on September 9; and 00:59:10 on September 15. The time drift calculates to 0.30 seconds/day over approximately 20 days using these data points. The drift was calculated by Microsoft Excel’s ‘Linear Trendline’ function. The resulting slope (drift) and y-intercept were different from the data taken in April 2010. Since the exact environmental, hardware, or software conditions could not be verified, the data was used with conditions set by the initial data points taken in April 2010. The resulting slope (drift) was used with the y-intercept from the April 2010 data to determine the corrected COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status time. If this correction is applied to the time recorded in the event log when CO Monitor 88 reported a COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status, this adjusts the time stamp from 15:08:01 to 15:02:16. 3.5.5. There is a difference of three seconds between the times calculated using the respective time drift rates calculated with the two sets of data. Since the environmental, hardware, and software conditions could not be accounted for by MSHA after the evidence was returned to the mine, the difference in the data taken between August and September 2011and the data taken in April 2010 17 cannot be accurately determined. These circumstances indicate that the time drift calculated prior to the removal of the PC from UBB is more reliable than the time drift calculated after the PC was returned to the mine. 3.5.6. CONCLUSION. An assumption is asserted that CO Monitor 88 was successfully able to record to the event log at 15:08:01 a change in its status as a result of the explosion that occurred on April 5, 2010. With the assistance of Pyott-Boone, the estimate of the time (including the approximations of the MCS configurations) between the event that initiated the COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status of CO Monitor 88 and its record into the event log was calculated to be approximately 1 minute 48 seconds. Two sets of data were collected to evaluate the time difference between the PC clock in use at UBB and a reference time, which is established by GPS time. The data collected in April 2010 results in a GPS time of 15:02:19; the data collected beginning August 2011, when used in conjunction with data taken in April 2010, results in a GPS time of 15:02:16. The time estimate between the event that initiated the COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status of CO Monitor 88 and its record into the event log can be applied to the PC clock to obtain a corrected time with respect to the GPS clock. Applying the 1 minute 48 second interval to the corrected CO Monitor 88 COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status time, using data taken in April 2010, indicates the event that initiated the status reached CO Monitor 88 at 15:00:31 on April 5, 2010. Applying the 1 minute 48 second time to the corrected CO Monitor 88 COMMUNICATIONS DEAD status time, using data taken between August and September 2011, shows that the event that initiated the status reached CO Monitor 88 at 15:00:28 on April 5, 2010. The data collected in April 2010 (prior to the PC’s removal from the mine) is believed to be more reliable than the data collected after the PC was returned to the mine. However, the maintenance of the tracking system (refer to §2.8), unknown scanning priority at the time of the explosion (refer to §3.4.3), the approximations of the CO monitoring system specifications (refer to §3.4.5), and the unknown status of the actual PC (refer to §3.5.3) combine to introduce uncertainty in both the time estimate between the explosion and the status change of CO Monitor 88 in the event log, and the time difference calculated between the PC clock and reference time. Additionally, time drift analyses based on other equipment recovered from the mine (the DVR and multi-gas detectors) indicate the explosion occurred at approximately 3:02 pm on April 5, 2010. Based on the maintenance, configuration, and conditions of the MineBoss PC and in comparison with other time calculations, both corrected times of 15:00:31 and 15:00:28 are not being considered accurate estimates. 18 APPENDIX A Tracking and CO Monitoring System Documents • • • • • List of 251 tracking tags tracked between January 1 and April 10, 2010, 8 pages; Section 2.6 List of 118 tracking tags tracked on April 5, 2010, 4 pages; Section 2.6.1 Map1 Tracking system map in MineBoss at the time of the explosion; Section 2.6.3 Map 2 Status of the readers after the explosion as indicated by the event log; Section 2.7.2 Map 3 Status of CO monitors after the explosion as indicated by the event log; Section 3.2.1 19 List of 251 Tags in Database   tag_id 1 0 2 4 3 13 4 102 5 103 6 105 7 107 8 108 9 110 10 112 11 113 12 115 13 116 14 117 15 118 16 121 17 122 18 123 19 128 20 130 21 132 22 134 23 135 24 137 25 138 26 141 27 145 28 150 29 160 30 176 31 224 32 226 33 230 time 2/26/2010 3:38 3/24/2010 18:58 3/9/2010 14:26 3/30/2010 10:12 4/5/2010 16:22 4/5/2010 20:05 4/5/2010 7:29 4/5/2010 16:08 4/5/2010 8:18 4/1/2010 14:05 2/25/2010 12:17 3/12/2010 16:56 3/26/2010 20:54 3/26/2010 21:58 4/5/2010 16:25 4/5/2010 14:35 4/5/2010 14:30 3/8/2010 8:56 4/5/2010 15:05 4/5/2010 15:05 4/5/2010 15:06 4/3/2010 6:51 4/3/2010 6:50 4/2/2010 7:23 4/3/2010 7:30 3/26/2010 14:30 4/3/2010 7:29 4/5/2010 15:07 3/26/2010 14:41 3/11/2010 8:36 4/5/2010 6:55 3/23/2010 23:46 4/5/2010 9:29 4/5/2010 13:50 reader_address 15420.3.47..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420 3 92 0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.18..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.75..0 15420.3.18..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.92..0 resource_type last_name first_name personnel Clamme Michael personnel personnel personnel personnel Earls Baker Mills Reed Clifton Bobby Nate Jeremy personnel Adkins Bobby personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel Blevins Cullop Davis Bishop Halstead Hagar Browning Plumley Jackson Irvin Mcfalls Martin Plumley Williams Gillenwater Woods Honaker Tommy Gregg James Bobby Scott Everett Kevin Ralph Eric Cody Dave Scott Jon Michael John James Wes personnel personnel Daniel Weeks Roger Jerry reader_label 3 Brk on North Track North Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 5 North Belt Starter Ellis Punchout Track 6 North Starter Box 5 North Belt Starter 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis North Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track 20 List of 251 Tags in Database   tag_id 34 231 35 271 36 283 37 285 38 286 39 287 40 289 41 300 42 301 43 303 44 304 45 305 46 306 47 307 48 308 49 309 50 310 51 313 52 314 53 315 54 316 55 317 56 319 57 320 58 321 59 322 60 323 61 324 62 325 63 327 64 329 65 330 66 331 time 4/5/2010 12:27 2/24/2010 10:09 4/5/2010 21:08 4/1/2010 7:29 4/2/2010 12:58 4/5/2010 6:04 3/31/2010 16:32 4/5/2010 6:33 3/26/2010 15:50 4/5/2010 5:32 4/5/2010 16:32 4/5/2010 6:33 4/5/2010 15:44 3/31/2010 14:55 3/26/2010 16:05 3/27/2010 16:35 4/5/2010 15:43 4/5/2010 15:50 3/26/2010 15:45 3/26/2010 15:45 3/26/2010 8:17 4/5/2010 15:40 3/30/2010 1:13 4/5/2010 15:12 3/27/2010 8:24 4/2/2010 1:15 3/8/2010 8:36 4/5/2010 15:44 4/5/2010 15:44 4/2/2010 1:18 4/5/2010 15:58 4/5/2010 7:51 4/5/2010 15:45 4/5/2010 7:55 reader_address 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.34..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.18..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.5..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420 3 87 0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 resource_type personnel last_name Semenske first_name Charles personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel Sims Lilly Brackett Hansford Morgan Jarrell Bickford Lambert Napper Rife Lilly Salazar Ross Foster Williams Campbell McKinney Brown Campbell Gray Cook William Legansky Holdren Curry Harold Lucas Sciculuna Cadle McAlpine Dennis Harold Bruce Jerry Adam Kory John Kevin Josh Jeremy Eric N Dustin Eddie Danny Randall Donald Ricky Ricky Charles John May Luke Travis Wes Gary James Cliff Chris Kevin reader_label North Track Portal Eunice Intake South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal North Track Portal 5 North Belt Starter Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal 76 Brk on Track South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal North Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal 21 List of 251 Tags in Database   tag_id 67 332 68 334 69 352 70 353 71 354 72 368 73 369 74 388 75 455 76 501 77 502 78 503 79 504 80 510 81 511 82 512 83 513 84 515 85 518 86 519 87 526 88 527 89 528 90 529 91 530 92 535 93 536 94 537 95 539 96 540 97 543 98 545 99 547 time 3/23/2010 3:53 3/22/2010 15:17 3/25/2010 9:29 3/25/2010 8:58 3/25/2010 9:30 3/25/2010 9:30 3/25/2010 8:58 3/25/2010 9:24 2/21/2010 18:24 4/5/2010 6:41 4/5/2010 6:34 3/26/2010 5:45 4/5/2010 15:46 4/3/2010 7:30 4/5/2010 12:55 3/1/2010 7:59 4/5/2010 5:38 4/2/2010 1:03 4/2/2010 1:03 4/2/2010 1:03 4/5/2010 8:18 4/5/2010 6:41 4/2/2010 0:50 4/3/2010 23:55 4/3/2010 13:38 4/5/2010 8:18 4/4/2010 0:07 3/4/2010 6:24 4/5/2010 6:53 4/3/2010 23:54 4/5/2010 6:33 4/3/2010 7:30 4/5/2010 17:00 4/5/2010 6:33 reader_address 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.53..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.5..0 15420.3.18..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420 3 92 0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.56..0 resource_type personnel personnel last_name Ball Price first_name Adam James personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel Payne Marcum Tolliver Lynch Andrew Boone Joe Jeremy Melvin Bennett personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel Welch Neely Hulgan Derek Dicken Chapman McCallister Kortaa Moore Nutter Davis Cozart Tilley Bowling Persinger Smith Smith Quarles Brad John Morris Williams Mike Kenny Danny Hall Terry Kevin Daniel Arless Joe Brandon Dewey James Mike Gary reader_label North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track 4 Brk South Track North Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal 76 Brk on Track 5 North Belt Starter South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis Ellis Punchout Track 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal 22 List of 251 Tags in Database   tag_id 100 548 101 549 102 550 103 552 104 554 105 556 106 557 107 559 108 560 109 561 110 562 111 563 112 564 113 565 114 567 115 568 116 569 117 570 118 571 119 572 120 573 121 574 122 576 123 577 124 578 125 579 126 580 127 581 128 582 129 583 130 584 131 587 132 588 time 3/29/2010 8:06 4/3/2010 7:29 4/4/2010 0:06 4/3/2010 7:30 4/2/2010 8:00 4/3/2010 23:47 4/1/2010 5:48 4/5/2010 21:47 4/5/2010 7:42 4/1/2010 7:29 4/4/2010 0:06 4/1/2010 5:45 4/5/2010 6:32 3/13/2010 13:33 4/5/2010 7:42 3/26/2010 6:46 4/5/2010 15:07 4/5/2010 6:33 4/2/2010 1:03 4/2/2010 1:03 4/2/2010 1:03 4/5/2010 16:57 4/4/2010 0:06 4/5/2010 15:06 4/2/2010 0:55 3/31/2010 7:58 3/30/2010 14:36 2/28/2010 18:27 2/22/2010 6:26 3/31/2010 1:21 4/5/2010 7:36 4/5/2010 6:33 4/3/2010 7:22 4/3/2010 15:43 reader_address 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.18..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.56..0 15420 3 92 0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.47..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.5..0 15420.3.72..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 resource_type personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel last_name first_name Spence Justin Plumbley Josh Hutchens Rick Pettry Derek Meadows Greg Woodrum Kenny Visitor 1 Stewart Lacy Stanley Jeff Doss Jacob Pauley Bobby Visitor 2 Lane Rick Cantley Roger Jerry Martin Aldermin Alvis Shears Dave Bell Chris Racer Brent Stanley Stewart Coalson Kenneth Griffith James Cox Lacy Crouse Greg Dickens Shannon Hendrickson Wes Goss Bobby Farthing Acord Price Slentz Bailey Adam Blake Joel Tracy Delbert reader_label South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal South Track Portal 5 North Belt Starter Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis 3 Brk on North Track Ellis Punchout Track 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis 76 Brk on Track 3 brks inby ellis switch South Track Portal South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track 23 List of 251 Tags in Database   tag_id 133 589 134 590 135 591 136 592 137 593 138 594 139 595 140 596 141 597 142 599 143 600 144 601 145 603 146 604 147 608 148 611 149 613 150 614 151 618 152 619 153 620 154 621 155 623 156 625 157 646 158 648 159 649 160 650 161 651 162 654 163 656 164 657 165 659 time 4/5/2010 13:39 3/29/2010 16:53 4/5/2010 6:52 4/5/2010 6:53 4/3/2010 7:31 4/3/2010 23:47 4/5/2010 6:33 4/5/2010 7:25 4/5/2010 7:05 4/3/2010 16:32 4/5/2010 14:08 4/5/2010 14:25 4/5/2010 15:07 3/23/2010 0:41 4/3/2010 7:30 4/5/2010 7:55 4/3/2010 16:33 4/5/2010 15:04 4/4/2010 0:07 4/4/2010 0:07 4/3/2010 6:50 4/2/2010 7:23 4/5/2010 6:41 4/2/2010 0:55 2/22/2010 16:50 4/2/2010 7:59 4/5/2010 15:07 4/5/2010 13:01 4/5/2010 15:05 4/2/2010 1:03 4/5/2010 6:14 4/5/2010 9:46 4/5/2010 6:53 4/3/2010 7:30 reader_address 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420 3 92 0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.34..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 resource_type personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel last_name Craddock Davis Walker Fleming Lucas Estep Davis Adame Ferrell Webb Cox Williams Farely Young Anderson Hatcher Gwinn Medley Gray Wriston Waddell Brock Richmond Hill Cozart Brown Bailey Davis Dancy Richardson Farley Wilson Covey first_name Bill Cody Shawn Tom Andrew Tommy Timmy Jerry Joe Mike John Tim David Thomas Kyle Justin Randy Kevin Richard Dwayne Brandon Greg Larry Joe Kelton Chad Tad Owen Jason Dustin Brian Scott Dave reader_label Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis Eunice Intake South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 24 List of 251 Tags in Database   tag_id 166 661 167 663 168 664 169 666 170 670 171 675 172 691 173 698 174 699 175 700 176 701 177 702 178 703 179 704 180 705 181 706 182 707 183 708 184 709 185 710 186 711 187 712 188 713 189 718 190 721 191 723 192 726 193 728 194 729 195 730 196 742 197 747 198 761 time 4/5/2010 5:33 4/5/2010 6:33 3/31/2010 13:02 4/5/2010 15:07 4/5/2010 6:53 4/1/2010 15:16 3/18/2010 9:07 3/18/2010 9:07 3/18/2010 9:12 3/18/2010 9:12 4/5/2010 23:43 4/3/2010 16:33 4/5/2010 5:26 4/5/2010 15:11 4/5/2010 17:39 4/3/2010 7:22 4/5/2010 15:06 4/5/2010 7:56 4/5/2010 14:43 4/5/2010 14:43 4/5/2010 15:07 4/5/2010 6:21 3/25/2010 14:33 4/3/2010 16:02 4/1/2010 9:01 4/5/2010 23:57 4/5/2010 13:14 4/4/2010 0:06 4/2/2010 0:54 4/5/2010 13:16 4/4/2010 0:07 3/25/2010 9:29 4/5/2010 6:36 4/1/2010 10:55 reader_address 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.75..0 15420.3.87..0 15420 3 1 0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.75..0 15420.3.87..0 resource_type last_name first_name personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel McCrosky Nicolau Burghduff Mourad Athey Nick Rick Jeremy Justin Charles personnel personnel personnel personnel Bowyer Williams Peterson Massey Jim Jim Terry Joe personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel Osborne Harrah Mclaine Gilbert Stanley Stover Woods Ellison Rodney Steve Brian Mark Jason Cliff Jeremy Shawn personnel personnel Lambert Powers Tracy Ryan personnel Massey Josh personnel personnel Griffith Musick Bob Charles reader_label Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis 6 North Starter Box South Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal 6 North Starter Box South Track Portal 25 List of 251 Tags in Database   tag_id 199 762 200 763 201 765 202 766 203 768 204 769 205 772 206 773 207 774 208 776 209 777 210 778 211 779 212 780 213 781 214 782 215 783 216 785 217 786 218 788 219 789 220 790 221 791 222 792 223 793 224 794 225 795 226 796 227 797 228 798 229 799 230 801 231 802 time 4/5/2010 15:58 3/30/2010 14:58 4/5/2010 7:53 4/3/2010 16:31 4/5/2010 14:18 4/5/2010 6:41 4/5/2010 9:29 3/11/2010 7:48 4/5/2010 6:41 4/3/2010 6:28 4/5/2010 6:36 4/5/2010 15:06 4/5/2010 7:05 4/5/2010 15:07 4/1/2010 5:51 4/2/2010 0:50 3/26/2010 4:55 4/3/2010 16:32 4/5/2010 17:01 4/5/2010 17:01 4/5/2010 8:04 4/5/2010 16:05 4/3/2010 16:32 4/1/2010 15:17 3/26/2010 8:18 4/5/2010 15:07 4/1/2010 15:15 4/5/2010 18:00 3/26/2010 22:24 4/5/2010 9:38 4/5/2010 8:01 4/2/2010 1:03 4/1/2010 7:40 4/5/2010 9:43 reader_address 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.75..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.5..0 15420.3.92..0 15420 3 87 0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.5..0 15420.3.47..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.87..0 resource_type personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel last_name Lambert Daniels Greer Pettry Toney Mooney Daniel Nichols Workman Scarbro Maynor Stout Smith Elswick Visitor 4 Daniel Visitor 3 Nelson Hodge Cooper Williams Ford Lewis Martin Atkins Jacquez Irvin Sorrells Griffith Snow Patrick Stanley Clemmons first_name Denver Donovan Kenny Pacer Roger Eddie Timmy Rick Ricky Roger Romald Josh Chuck Mike Steven Travis Josh Harold Josh Luke Omar Eric Jason Mike Jeremy Eric Jason Kieth Hilbert Darrell John reader_label North Track Portal North Track Portal South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal South Track Portal 6 North Starter Box Ellis Punchout Track 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal 76 Brk on Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal South Track Portal 76 Brk on Track 3 Brk on North Track South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal 26 List of 251 Tags in Database   tag_id 232 804 233 805 234 806 235 807 236 809 237 811 238 812 239 813 240 814 241 815 242 816 243 817 244 818 245 819 246 820 247 832 248 861 249 976 250 991 251 999 time 3/26/2010 14:26 4/5/2010 15:07 4/5/2010 6:33 4/5/2010 15:07 4/1/2010 15:16 4/1/2010 15:16 4/5/2010 7:48 3/10/2010 23:29 4/5/2010 16:56 4/5/2010 15:07 4/4/2010 22:17 4/5/2010 11:02 4/5/2010 15:07 4/5/2010 13:40 3/29/2010 6:34 3/19/2010 6:35 2/11/2010 10:25 4/5/2010 6:41 3/26/2010 14:25 3/26/2010 14:25 4/5/2010 7:59 reader_address 15420.3.5..0 15420.3.75..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.75..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.5..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.99..0 15420.3.75..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.5..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.56..0 15420 3 5 0 15420.3.5..0 15420.3.87..0 resource_type personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel last_name Pompie Scott Mullins Acord Basham first_name David Deward Rex Carl Henry personnel Todd Nick personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel Williams Willingham Maynor Sullivan Clark Justice JENKINS Mitch Benny Buddy Bill Robert Will ADAM personnel personnel personnel Jones Pettry Morris Dean James John reader_label 76 Brk on Track 6 North Starter Box 6 North Starter Box South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal North Track Portal 76 Brk on Track South Track Portal 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis 6 North Starter Box South Track Portal South Track Portal 76 Brk on Track North Track Portal 76 Brk on Track 76 Brk on Track South Track Portal 27 List of 118 Tags in Database   tag_id time 1 703 4/5/2010 5:26 2 303 4/5/2010 5:32 3 661 4/5/2010 5:33 4 513 4/5/2010 5:38 5 287 4/5/2010 6:04 6 654 4/5/2010 6:14 7 711 4/5/2010 6:21 8 564 4/5/2010 6:32 9 595 4/5/2010 6:33 10 663 4/5/2010 6:33 11 570 4/5/2010 6:33 12 806 4/5/2010 6:33 13 305 4/5/2010 6:33 14 540 4/5/2010 6:33 15 584 4/5/2010 6:33 16 300 4/5/2010 6:33 17 547 4/5/2010 6:33 18 502 4/5/2010 6:34 19 747 4/5/2010 6:36 4/5/2010 6:36 20 777 4/5/2010 6:36 21 769 4/5/2010 6:41 22 976 4/5/2010 6:41 23 526 4/5/2010 6:41 24 501 4/5/2010 6:41 25 774 4/5/2010 6:41 26 621 4/5/2010 6:41 27 591 4/5/2010 6:52 28 670 4/5/2010 6:53 29 537 4/5/2010 6:53 30 592 4/5/2010 6:53 31 657 4/5/2010 6:53 32 176 4/5/2010 6:55 33 779 4/5/2010 7:05 reader_address 15420.3.87..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.5..0 15420 3 75 0 15420.3.75..0 15420.3.75..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.56..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.92..0 15420.3.1..0 15420.3.99..0 resource_type personnel personnel last_name Peterson Bickford first_name Terry John personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel Neely Brackett Richardson Stover Lane Davis McCrosky Bell Mullins Napper Persinger Price Morgan Quarles Marcum Griffith Maynor Mooney Jones Chapman Payne Workman Brock Walker Mourad Tilley Fleming Wilson John Bruce Dustin Cliff Rick Timmy Nick Chris Rex Josh Dewey Joel Adam Gary Joe Bob Romald Eddie Dean Kenny Boone Ricky Greg Shawn Justin Joe Tom Scott personnel Smith Chuck reader_label South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal 76 Brk on Track 6 North Starter Box 6 North Starter Box 6 North Starter Box Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis 28 List of 118 Tags in Database   tag_id time reader_address 34 597 4/5/2010 7:05 15420.3.99..0 35 596 4/5/2010 7:25 15420.3.92..0 36 107 4/5/2010 7:29 15420.3.92..0 37 583 4/5/2010 7:36 15420.3.87..0 38 567 4/5/2010 7:42 15420.3.87..0 39 560 4/5/2010 7:42 15420.3.87..0 40 812 4/5/2010 7:48 15420.3.87..0 41 329 4/5/2010 7:51 15420.3.87..0 42 765 4/5/2010 7:53 15420.3.87..0 43 331 4/5/2010 7:55 15420.3.87..0 44 611 4/5/2010 7:55 15420.3.87..0 45 708 4/5/2010 7:56 15420.3.87..0 46 999 4/5/2010 7:59 15420.3.87..0 47 798 4/5/2010 8:01 15420.3.87..0 48 788 4/5/2010 8:04 15420.3.87..0 49 519 4/5/2010 8:18 15420.3.92..0 50 110 4/5/2010 8:18 15420.3.92..0 51 530 4/5/2010 8:18 15420.3.92..0 52 772 4/5/2010 9:29 4/5/2010 9:29 15420 3 1 0 15420.3.1..0 53 226 4/5/2010 9:29 15420.3.1..0 54 797 4/5/2010 9:38 15420.3.87..0 55 802 4/5/2010 9:43 15420.3.87..0 56 656 4/5/2010 9:46 15420.3.1..0 57 817 4/5/2010 11:02 15420.3.99..0 58 231 4/5/2010 12:27 15420.3.1..0 59 511 4/5/2010 12:55 15420.3.92..0 60 649 4/5/2010 13:01 15420.3.92..0 61 723 4/5/2010 13:14 15420.3.92..0 62 729 4/5/2010 13:16 15420.3.92..0 63 589 4/5/2010 13:39 15420.3.92..0 64 819 4/5/2010 13:40 15420.3.87..0 65 230 4/5/2010 13:50 15420.3.92..0 66 600 4/5/2010 14:08 15420.3.92..0 resource_type personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel last_name Ferrell Adame Mills Acord Jerry Stanley Todd Sciculuna Greer McAlpine Hatcher Mclaine Morris Snow Cooper Dicken first_name Joe Jerry Nate Blake Martin Jeff Nick Cliff Kenny Kevin Justin Brian John Kieth Harold Mike personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel Nutter Daniel Daniel Griffith Clemmons Farley Sullivan Semenske Kevin Timmy Roger Jason John Brian Bill Charles personnel Bailey Tad personnel personnel personnel personnel Craddock Justice Weeks Cox Bill Will Jerry John reader_label 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal North Track Portal 2Brks Outby Switch Ellis North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 29 List of 118 Tags in Database   tag_id time reader_address 67 768 4/5/2010 14:18 15420.3.92..0 68 601 4/5/2010 14:25 15420.3.87..0 69 122 4/5/2010 14:30 15420.3.92..0 70 121 4/5/2010 14:35 15420.3.92..0 71 709 4/5/2010 14:43 15420.3.1..0 72 614 4/5/2010 15:04 15420.3.92..0 73 650 4/5/2010 15:05 15420.3.92..0 74 128 4/5/2010 15:05 15420.3.92..0 75 707 4/5/2010 15:06 15420.3.75..0 76 778 4/5/2010 15:06 15420.3.92..0 77 130 4/5/2010 15:06 15420.3.92..0 78 576 4/5/2010 15:06 15420.3.92..0 79 805 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.75..0 80 603 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.92..0 81 145 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.75..0 82 780 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.56..0 83 648 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.92..0 84 666 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.92..0 85 807 4/5/2010 15:07 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.75..0 15420 3 75 0 86 793 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.5..0 87 569 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.92..0 88 710 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.92..0 89 818 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.75..0 90 815 4/5/2010 15:07 15420.3.5..0 91 704 4/5/2010 15:11 15420.3.87..0 92 319 4/5/2010 15:12 15420.3.87..0 93 316 4/5/2010 15:40 15420.3.87..0 94 310 4/5/2010 15:43 15420.3.87..0 95 306 4/5/2010 15:44 15420.3.87..0 96 323 4/5/2010 15:44 15420.3.87..0 97 324 4/5/2010 15:44 15420.3.87..0 98 330 4/5/2010 15:45 15420.3.87..0 99 504 4/5/2010 15:46 15420.3.87..0 resource_type personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel last_name Toney Williams Hagar Halstead Gilbert Medley Davis Plumley Harrah Stout Jackson Cox Scott Farely Woods Elswick Brown Burghduff Acord Atkins Shears Stanley Clark Willingham Massey Gray Brown Foster Rife Holdren Curry Cadle Lynch first_name Roger Tim Everett Scott Mark Kevin Owen Ralph Steve Josh Eric Lacy Deward David James Mike Chad Jeremy Carl Jason Dave Jason Robert Benny Joe Charles Ricky Eddie Jeremy Travis Wes Chris Melvin reader_label Ellis Punchout Track South Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track North Track Portal Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 6 North Starter Box Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 6 North Starter Box Ellis Punchout Track 6 North Starter Box Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 6 North Starter Box 6 North Starter Box 76 Brk on Track Ellis Punchout Track Ellis Punchout Track 6 North Starter Box 76 Brk on Track South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal 30 List of 118 Tags in Database   tag_id time reader_address 100 313 4/5/2010 15:50 15420.3.87..0 101 327 4/5/2010 15:58 15420.3.87..0 102 762 4/5/2010 15:58 15420.3.1..0 103 789 4/5/2010 16:05 15420.3.87..0 104 108 4/5/2010 16:08 15420.3.87..0 105 103 4/5/2010 16:22 15420.3.87..0 106 118 4/5/2010 16:25 15420.3.87..0 107 304 4/5/2010 16:32 15420.3.87..0 108 814 4/5/2010 16:56 15420.3.1..0 109 573 4/5/2010 16:57 15420.3.87..0 110 545 4/5/2010 17:00 15420.3.87..0 111 786 4/5/2010 17:01 15420.3.87..0 112 705 4/5/2010 17:39 15420.3.87..0 113 795 4/5/2010 18:00 15420.3.87..0 114 105 4/5/2010 20:05 15420.3.1..0 115 283 4/5/2010 21:08 15420.3.87..0 116 559 4/5/2010 21:47 15420.3.87..0 117 701 4/5/2010 23:43 15420.3.87..0 118 721 4/5/2010 23:57 4/5/2010 23:57 15420 3 1 0 15420.3.1..0 resource_type personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel personnel last_name Williams Lucas Lambert Williams Reed Earls Bishop Lambert Williams Coalson Smith Hodge first_name Danny James Denver Josh Jeremy Clifton Bobby Kevin Mitch Kenneth Mike Josh personnel personnel Irvin Baker Jeremy Bobby personnel personnel Stewart Bowyer Lacy Jim reader_label South Track Portal South Track Portal North Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal North Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal North Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal South Track Portal North Track Portal North Track Portal 31 InIt UBB Tracking Map InIt #7 SIX FOOT BELT 3.30 3.79 RDR RDR 0 0 InIt RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 UBB2 #1 BELT 3.97 3.37 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 5 SIX FOOT BELT InIt 4 SIX FOOT BELT InIt No Scan 3.44 RDR 0 3.75 No Scan 3.98 3.112 3.74 No Scan UBB2 2 HEAD 3.111 #6 SIX FOOT BELT 3.56 LONGWALL BELT UBB tracking system map as displayed in MineBoss comprised of: 18 spare readers in lower left corner; 2 test readers in top center; 48 readers distributed along belts. 3.54 3.23 RDR 0 RDR 0 InIt 3.19 3.5 3.18 3.26 3.72 3.99 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.22 RDR 0 3.15 RDR 0 3.25 3.17 3.71 3.10 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.82 3.55 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.83 RDR 0 3.64 3.51 3.61 3.7 3.93 3.33 3.77 3.42 3.3 RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 3.68 3.38 3.14 3.73 3.69 3.36 3.6 3.86 3.60 RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF RDR 0 RDR 0 3.87 RDR 0 3.92 RDR 0 3.9 RDR 0 3.43 3.1 RDR 0 3.47 3.70 3.32 3.11 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.76 3.62 3.16 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.8 3.53 InIt RDR 0 3.50 3.65 RDR 0 3.90 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.94 ELLIS #5 BELT 3.20 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.45 RDR 0 3.66 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.58 RDR 0 MAP 1 32 InIt Status of the readers according to the event log and their tracking histories on 04/05/10. UBB Tracking Map 27 readers displayed on the tracking map did not detect a tag on 04/05/10. InIt #7 SIX FOOT BELT 14 readers detected a tag prior to the explosion and reported as DEAD after the explosion. 3.30 3.79 RDR RDR 0 0 InIt RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 5 SIX FOOT BELT InIt UBB2 #1 BELT 3.97 3.37 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 4 SIX FOOT BELT InIt No Scan 3.44 RDR 0 3.75 No Scan 3.98 RDR 0 3 readers did not detect a tag prior to the explosion and reported as DEAD after the explosion. RDR 6 readers remained operational after the explosion. RDR 0 0 1 reader was operational prior but did not report as DEAD after explosion. 3.23 3.94 ELLIS #5 3.74 No Scan UBB2 2 HEAD 3.112 #6 SIX FOOT BELT 3.56 LONGWALL BELT 3.111 3.54 RDR 0 RDR 0 InIt 3.19 3.5 3.18 3.26 3.72 3.99 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.22 RDR 0 3.15 RDR 0 3.25 3.17 3.71 3.10 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.82 3.55 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.83 RDR 0 3.64 3.51 3.61 3.7 3.93 3.33 3.77 3.42 3.3 RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 3.68 3.38 3.14 3.73 3.69 3.36 3.6 3.86 3.60 RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR RDR OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF 18 spare tag readers not in service RDR 0 RDR 0 3.87 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.9 RDR 0 3.43 3.1 RDR 0 3.47 3.70 3.32 3.11 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.76 3.62 3.16 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.8 3.53 3.92 RDR 0 3.50 3.65 InIt 3.90 RDR 0 RDR 0 RDR 0 BELT 3.20 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.45 RDR 0 3.66 RDR 0 RDR 0 3.58 RDR 0 MAP 2 33 1.117 1.116 1.53 CO INIT 1.104 CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT 1.96 CO INIT CO Monitors that reported Communications Dead between 15:08:01 and 15:25:59 on 04/05/10. HG22 1 Belt 1.68 1.28 CO INIT CO INIT 1.103 CO INIT Crossover Belt 1.69 Tailgate 1.50 1.49 CO INIT 1.60 CO INIT North Mains #7, 6' Belt 1.46 CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT 1.62 CO INIT 1.52 CO INIT Longwall Belt 0.9 1.123 CO INIT CO INIT 1.55 CO INIT Training Unit in Office 1.124 1.39 1.38 CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT UPS INIT 1.113 1.37 CO INIT 1.41 1.40 Sec AIm 1.24 CO INIT CO INIT 1.88 1.121 CO INIT North Mains #6, 6' Belt 1.79 MD CO INIT 1.95 CO INIT TRIPPER 1.63 1.118 1.86 1.85 1.84 1.120 CO INIT CO INIT 0.7 Sec AIm UBB2, #1 Belt 1.90 1.25 CO INIT UPS INIT CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT 1.22 1.83 CO INIT UPS INIT CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT North Mains #4 1.73 CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT 1.126 1.27 1.0 CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT Ellis #5 Ellis 1.87 1.71 CO INIT 1.23 INIT UPS INIT #2 North Belt 1.97 CO INIT #3 Section #2 Head 1.111 CO INIT 1.92 CO INIT CO INIT 1.82 1.81 1.78 1.89 1.32 North Mains #5, 6' Belt CO INIT Barrier Sec #1, Head CO INIT 1.77 1.119 1.99 1.36 CO INIT CO INIT 1.109 1.21 CO INIT UPS INIT 6" Belt , h t u o #1 S 1.54 1.114 CO INIT BARRIER SECTION North Mains #1, 6' Belt 1.31 1.107 CO INIT East Main UBB 3, #1 Belt 1.110 1.29 1.35 1.34 CO INIT CO INIT CO INIT 1.33 CO INIT CO INIT 1.56 CO INIT CO INIT 1.59 CO INIT MAP 3 34 APPENDIX B – MSHA PERSONNEL INVOLVED IN THE INVESTIGATION Mine Safety and Health Administration Juliette Hill Kevin Hedrick Matthew Heightland Stephen Dubina 35 APPENDIX AK MINE EMERGENCY EVACUATION AND FIREFIGHTING PLAN APPENDIX AK MINE EMERGENCY EVACUATION AND FIREFIGHTING PLAN Appendix AK Mine Emergency Evacuation and Firefighting Program of Instruction The plan is designed to instruct miners on all shifts in the procedures for mine emergencies that present an imminent danger to miners from fire, explosions, and inundations, and to evacuate all miners not required for a mine emergency response. The minimum contents stipulated by 30 CFR, § 75.1502 and § 75.1504 in an operator’s program requires quarterly drills to be performed. There are four emergencies that have been determined to be imminent dangers to persons underground; training drills dealing with emergencies such as fires, water inundation, gas inundation, and explosions must be performed on a quarterly basis. The records for the five quarters preceding the explosion on April 5, 2010, show that no explosion drill training was conducted. Several miners commented during interviews that the drills they had participated in dealt with mine fires. No interviewees mentioned any other scenarios being covered. Employees are required to know the responsible person designated by the mine operator to take charge in a mine emergency. Also, they must be trained to use fire fighting equipment, locate emergency supplies, know the location of all mine communication devices, travel the escapeway routes, know how to use rescue alternatives or barricade, perform donning procedures of self-contained self-rescuers (SCSR), and understand their typical job assignments during an emergency. A review of the operator’s approved plans, records, and testimony was performed by the accident investigation team, which identified deficiencies in the operator’s program. Emergency drill records provided by PCC for the five quarters preceding the explosion were reviewed, revealing that the operator had not only failed to develop a systematic means to insure that all miners received proper training during emergency drills, but had also failed to ensure that drills were being conducted. The records indicated that members of management conducting drills failed to cover the required topics in the Mine Emergency Evacuation and Firefighting Program of Instruction, approved on January 25, 2010. The program requires miners to receive training in the proper deployment of rescue chambers in every drill, but only three records provided by the operator, from the first quarter of 2009, indicated that the deployment of rescue chamber training occurred during the drills. The records provided no indication that any subsequent quarterly drills covered the subject. Several witnesses testified they were provided rescue chamber training during annual refresher training and did not mention any training received during quarterly drills. One employee was interviewed and testified: Q. Okay. And how about the refuge chamber, have you had any training on that? A. Yeah. Yeah, a couple times a year. (miner testimony) The drill records have deficiencies that indicated a disregard by mine management for miners’ safety. The operator is required to certify by signature and date that the training or drill was held in accordance with regulations. Mine management failed to ensure all miners were involved in the proper drills, and trained according to the approved programs. Miners were also not alternating travel between the primary and alternate escapeways from quarter to quarter. Examples of interviews with miners show a lack of proper training: Q. So you're saying the last time you'd walked the primary escapeway is back before the longwall started? A. Yeah, it was in '09. Q. Have you participated in the quarterly evacuation drills from your assigned work area? A. Uh-huh (yes). Q. When was the last time? A. Goodness gracious. It seems like it was like November maybe we walked out… Q. When was the last time you traveled the primary escapeway? How many times did you travel? A. Primary escapeway at UBB? Q. Uh-huh (yes). A. I couldn't even tell you Q. I think at 78 Crosscut down here on the --- where you come to those four sets of doors right there? A. Right. Q. Okay. Did anyone or any people on a section ever talk about what would happen if those doors had left, been left open and a fire or something happened outby? Where would you all go since that was your intake escapeway? A. No. Q. And when was the last --- I know I'm jumping around here, but when was the last time that you traveled your primary escapeway? A. I don't think I ever did that up there. Q. Ever since you've been there you never --- didn't know your travelway, primary? A. Well, just they showed us on the map. That was about it. Q. Okay. Were there any drills or anything that they made you guys do, walking the intake escapeway coming out of the mine? A. Yeah. There was one time that we had to do that. We had to leave the section early and walk the intake out. Q. Do you remember approximately when that was? A. No, I don't. I really don't Q. Did you ever travel the intake escapeway? A. Only thing I ever done relating intake is when I worked over Thanksgiving vacation, I helped put the leaky feeder system in, in the intake. But that was going down the main line. Q. When was the last time you done an escapeway drill on the beltline? A. That I recall, I don't know if we ever walked the beltline. I really don't recall. Q. When was the last time you was down the beltline? A. The farthest I ever went on the beltline was maybe walked the length of the monorail. Since the explosion, the mine operator has been cited for failure to comply with the approved Mine Emergency Evacuation and Fire Fighting Program, failure to remove miners to safe areas when two consecutive carbon monoxide sensors indicated alerts, and for the failure to conduct drills according to 75.1504. APPENDIX AL SUMMARY OF EXAMINATION OF THREE REFUGE ALTERNATIVES U .S. Department of Labor Mine Safety and Health Administration Approval and Cer tification Center 765 Technology Drive Triadelphia , West Virg inia 26059 November 22, 2011 MEMORANDUM FOR NORMAN G. PAGE Accident Investigation Team Leader ~ ~i.._ ;-.- FROM: JOHNP FAIN! Chief, Approval and Certification Center SUBJECT: Summary of Examination of Three Refuge Alternatives Located at Performance Coal Company's Upper Big Branch Mine-South The Approval and Certification Center (A&CC), as requested by Upper Big Branch Mine Accident Investigation Team Leader, Norman Page, conducted an investigation of three Strata Portable Fresh Air Bay refuge alternatives placed into service prior to a fatal mine explosion on AprilS, 2010 at the Upper Big Branch Mine-South. Although not part of the actual accident investigation, the purpose of these examinations was for fact finding and to determine the functionality of the refuge alternative, post event. On March 31, 2011, the examination of the three Strata Portable Fresh Air Bay refuge alternatives that are located at the Upper Big Branch Mine was conducted. Background: A refuge alternative is intended to provide a life-sustaining environment for persons trapped underground when escape is impossible. Refuge alternatives also can be used to facilitate escape by sustaining trapped miners until they receive communications regarding escape options or until rescuers arrive. MSHA considers refuge alternatives as a last resort to protect persons who are unable to escape from an underground coal mine in the event of an emergency. The four "components" of a refuge alternative are 1) Structural, 2) Breathable Air, 3) Atmosphere Monitoring, and 4) Harmful Gas Removal. The Structural Component creates an isolated atmosphere and contains the other integrated components. Each refuge must be designed and made to withstand 15 pounds per square inch (psi) overpressure for 0.2 seconds and exposure to a flash fire for 3 seconds prior to deployment. The Breathable Air Component provides the breathable air to sustain each person for 96 hours. Breathable air shall be supplied by compressed air cylinders, compressed breathable-oxygen cylinders, or boreholes with fans installed on the surface or compressors installed on the surface. Only uncontaminated breathable air shall be supplied to the refuge alternative. The Atmosphere Monitoring Component provides persons inside the refuge alternative with the ability to determine the concentrations of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxygen, and methane, inside and outside the structure, including the airlock. The Harmful Gas Removal Component removes toxic gases from explosions and fires through purge air and also removes carbon dioxide produced by the occupants. The Strata Portable Fresh Air Bay utilizes an air motor powered by the compressed air and compressed oxygen to entrain airflow through soda lime cartridges, which removes the miners' exhaled carbon dioxide from the interior atmosphere. Examination: The Structural, Breathable Air, and Harmful Gas Removal Components of the Strata Fresh Air Bay refuge alternatives were examined for their ability to function after an emergency event. None of the units were deployed on AprilS, 2010, the date of the explosion, and remained in the pre-event condition. The Atmosphere Monitoring Component was not expected to function during these examinations since battery life on the hand-held Solaris™ gas detectors would have expired, and the detectors had remained in place and not charged since the explosion. A team of 16 individuals from Strata Safety Products, MSHA, the State of West Virginia, the UMW A, and Massey travelled to each of the three refuge chamber locations to examine and deploy the chambers. The intent was to check the functionality of the chambers following the event of April 5, 2010. The units examined by the team were located in Headgate 21, Headgate 22, and Tailgate 22 sections. Each refuge was first examined for physical damage to the exterior and representatives from Strata Safety Products conducted an inspection of the compressed gas systems which was observed by the team. After these 2 inspections, Strata then performed a step by step procedure to deploy each unit which was observed by the team. The deployment included inflating the tent, activating the purge air system in the airlock, and activating the Breathable Air and Harmful Gas Removal components. The team then entered through the airlock into the tent The air driven fan motor to the scrubber was turned on and adjusted without the chemical scrubbing agents being opened and used. The supply and provision caches which included chemical scrubbing cartridges, water, food, and spare parts were verified and checked for any damage. Summary of the Examination/ Deployment: Location: • • • • • • Headgate 21 Strata Fresh Air Bay Model M2624-3.5 Serial Number 452043-02 Side access door showed no visible damage. Solaris™ gas detector was located inside this side access door. Compressed gas cylinder pressures were within the manufacturer's specifications (4400-4600 psi) . No corrosion or moisture in cylinder storage compartment The tent inflated (approximately 4 minutes) . Purge air system was functional . J • • • Location: The C02 scrubber fan motor started and ran. No scrubbing chemicals were used. The oxygen system functioned . The supplies were intact. Headgate 22 Strata Fresh Air Bay Model M2624-3.5 Serial Number 452043-01 w • • • • The unit appeared to have been under up to 20 inches of water. The water reportedly built up following the explosion and while the mine's pumps were not operated. The water was eventually pumped and the area was dry during the inspection. Side access door showed no visible damage and there was no evidence of moisture. There was evidence of heating on a plastic bag containing the handheld gas detector stored in this compartment. Solaris™ gas detector was located in this compartment. It could not be determined if the detector would operate from the affects of the flash fire and heating due to the battery status. The detector had remained in place and had not been charged since the explosion. There was no visible evidence of damage or heat effects to the detector. 4 • • • • • • • • • • Location: • A test was conducted at A&CC that exposed a similar Solaris™ gas detector stored in a plastic bag to 300° F for three seconds. The results of the test indicated that the plastic bag would deform, but the gas detector functioned as designed. Compressed gas cylinder pressures were within the manufacturer's specifications (4400-4600 psi) as read on gauges on the manifold. No corrosion or moisture was evident in cylinder storage location. A slate bar was required to assist in opening the tent deployment door because of debris on and around the unit, It was not determined as to when the material may have fallen from the adjacent rib either before or after the explosion. There was evidence of heating on the top corners of the tent storage compartment door. The seal showed no sign of heat damage. The tent inflated (approximately 4 minutes). Purge air functioned. The C02 scrubber fan motor started and ran. The oxygen system functioned. The supplies were intact. Tailgate 22 Strata Fresh Air Bay Model M2624-3.5 Serial Number 452081-02 Side access door showed no visible damage. 5 • • • • • • • • • No Solaris™ or other gas detector was located on this unit Compressed gas cylinder pressures were within the manufacturer's specifications (4400-4600 psi). No corrosion or moisture was evident in cylinder storage location. The tent inflated. (approximately 4 minutes). Purge air system functioned. The C02 scrubber fan motor started and ran .. The oxygen system functioned . The supplies were intact The tent deployment door would not open fully due to a rib roll. The tent was able to inflate and deploy around the door with no compromise. Conclusion: The three Strata Safety Products Portable Fresh Air Bays deployed as expected during the tests conducted on March 31, 2011. No tests were conducted beyond approximately 10 minutes of deployment and operation of the scrubber system without the chemicals being used. The systems were shut off and the tents were deflated following the examinations. The ability of the Strata refuge alternatives at the Upper Big Branch Mine to function as designed for 96 hours when occupied by the 20 miner maximum occupancy (as per the ERP) was not determined during these examinations. 6 APPENDIX AM EXAMINATION AND TESTING OF SELF- CONTAINED SELF-RESCUERS Examination and Testing of Self-Contained Self-Rescuers (SCSRs) Recovered from the Upper Big Branch Mine Disaster MSHA/NIOSH Report November 18, 2011 Executive Summary On April 5, 2010 an underground explosion at Performance Coal Company’s Upper Big Branch (UBB) mine located in Raleigh County, West Virginia, did massive damage throughout large portions of the mine and created high concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) in much of the mine atmosphere. Miners working in the UBB mine at the time of the explosion were equipped with the CSE SR-100, a NIOSH/MSHA-approved one-hour self-contained self-rescuer (SCSR) per Title 42, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 84, (42 CFR, Part 84) bearing approval TC-13F-0239. On April 12, 2011, the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) requested the assistance of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) to investigate SR-100s recovered from the UBB mine after the explosion. This report summarizes the SCSR evaluations performed as part of the resulting investigative effort. The forty-one units recovered from inside or outside the mine by MSHA mine-site investigators were viewed to fall into one of two categories. They were classified either as opened, or unopened. The unopened units are also referred to as intact. Eighteen SCSRs were classified as unopened and 23 SCSRs were classified as opened. Units recovered outside the mine included both unopened and opened SCSRs. Three of four intact units tested on a Breathing and Metabolic Simulator (BMS) provided at least 60 minutes of respiratory support when consumed at a standard rate. The fourth unit lost its starter oxygen due to a manufacturing flaw and the test was terminated at approximately four minutes. A combination of different recovery times, different storage conditions, and time elapsed since all the units had been recovered, hindered observations on the opened units, and greatly increased the difficulty of analysis. These factors essentially limited the conclusions that could be drawn for these units. Three of the opened units’ conditions were consistent with use at a light to moderate rate of consumption and six of them exhibited characteristics consistent with use at a higher rate of consumption. The remainder of the opened units appeared to exhibit conditions more consistent with only being exposed to ambient atmosphere. Background Page 1 of 86 MSHA’s mine-site investigators collected the SR-100, SCSRs from the UBB mine. According to the MSHA mine-site investigators the SCSRs presented to NIOSH for evaluation came from a variety of locations. Most units were recovered from within the mine; however, a group of units that included unopened as well as opened units was recovered from a mantrip vehicle that had been brought out of the mine within 24 hours of the explosion. The units recovered from within the mine were not recovered until more than 60 days had elapsed from the time of the incident due to the need to follow standard mine rescue and recovery protocols in the aftermath of the explosion. At the time of collection, the MSHA mine-site investigators stored the recovered units in one of three ways. Some units were individually bagged in plastic, some were individually bagged in paper, and others were bagged collectively in large plastic bags. All bagged units were placed into large plastic storage boxes and held with other evidence in trailers. MSHA maintained the chain of custody of all the SCSRs during all phases of this investigation. These apparatus are considered by MSHA and the other investigators as evidence in the UBB mine investigation. Prior to beginning the evaluations of the SCSRs, interested parties were invited to observe all evaluation activities. The only outside interested parties present to observe testing and examination were the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) and CSE Corporation (hereafter referred to as CSE). Representatives of the UMWA and CSE were present for all of the testing and examination activities. No other interested parties attended at any time. The time frame for evaluating and testing was governed by circumstances and findings. The SCSRs were delivered to MSHA’s facilities in Bruceton, Pennsylvania, on or about June 15, 2011. Laboratory evaluations began July 18, 2011, and were completed by August 9, 2011. Objectives 1.) Inspect and catalog the condition of SR-100 units, as recovered during the MSHA investigation 2.) Evaluate the life support performance of SR-100 units in the as-received condition according to the established protocol (Attachment 1) Methods The evaluation of the recovered SR-100s was conducted at the NIOSH, National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL) facilities in Bruceton, Pennsylvania. The evaluation was conducted by NIOSH and MSHA personnel in accordance with a protocol established for this investigation (Attachment 1). Inspection Past experience with accident investigations has revealed that one of the most important products of the evaluation is an accurate visual record of the evidence. To this end, NIOSH and MSHA cataloged and created a visual record using digital photographs. Photographs were made of all SCSRs, as received, and the inspection of the SR-100s was documented with pictures as well. During this inspection, examiners assessed the Page 2 of 86 condition of both external and internal system components. To the greatest extent possible, examiners inspected each SCSR according to the manufacturer’s approved visual inspection criteria. (See Attachment 2) It was not possible to follow the manufacturer’s inspection procedure completely on opened units. When the units are opened, the lids become separated from the SCSRs along with the closure straps which contain the serial number and manufacturing date. With the assistance of CSE, serial numbers of these units were determined according to the serial number of the oxygen starter assembly which is recorded on the body of the chemical canister portion of the unit. The closure or security strap also retains the heat indicator which falls away and is almost always lost when the unit is opened. All observable aspects of the manufacturer’s visual inspection were noted where possible. The opened SR-100s were subjected to a methodical disassembly, culminating with a visual assessment of the chemical bed. Due to the varying conditions of storage, collection and the amount of time that had elapsed since the units were collected, this assessment could only be used for gross determination of status. As the chemical bed is reacted and consumed, its appearance changes gradually. If the unit is disassembled within a short time of use, it is possible to compare the appearance of the chemical bed within the SCSRs under examination with those of SCSRs similarly evaluated under known conditions of use. Since the UBB units had been exposed to ambient atmosphere for an extended amount of time after being opened, or opened and used, any kind of graduated assessment due to additional reaction of the chemical from this exposure was obscured. However, because exposure to atmosphere only, as opposed to being exposed to use, followed by exposure to atmosphere, creates a different pattern of reaction within the chemical bed, it was possible to distinguish between units that had been breathed through before exposure to the atmosphere, and units that had been exposed only to the atmosphere after being opened. Additionally, among the units deemed to have been breathed through, it was possible to determine which units had likely been consumed rapidly, and which units had likely been consumed at a slower rate. Photos were used to document all visual assessments. Only two of the 18 unopened SCSRs clearly passed all inspection criteria. These two SCSRs were found in a storage box which apparently protected them from the immediate effects of the explosion. Either through the effects of the explosion or from damage incurred prior to the explosion, the remaining 16 intact units failed visual inspection. It is not possible to determine if all of the negative indications observed were due to the explosion or existed prior to it. The life-support capacity of the unopened SR-100s was assessed by means of a performance test using a Breathing and Metabolic Simulator (BMS). The BMS testing used on the unopened SR-100s can not be regarded as a direct substitute for human subject testing specified at 42 CFR, Part 84, but performance can be compared to other units tested using the BMS. For this test the BMS was set to extract 1.35 lpm oxygen, and inject 1.15 lpm carbon dioxide at a ventilation rate of 30 lpm. Units failing inspection are not expected to perform well, so for this reason, only two of the 16 unopened units failing inspection were performance tested along with the two passing all Page 3 of 86 inspection criteria. Three of these units performed adequately when tested on the BMS. The fourth unit, one of the two which passed all inspection criteria lost its charge of starter oxygen due to a metal shaving which was interfering with an O-ring seal in the starter mechanism. This unit could only have been used in manual- or cold-start mode. For the intact SCSRs evaluated on the BMS, the full manufacturer’s inspection could be conducted including the ASMD (Acoustic Solids Movement Detector) test. (See Attachment 3) The ASMD test analyzes the noise induced in the unit by moving it. The noise produced by the SCSR when shaken is used as an indicator of shock and vibration damage incurred by the chemical bed within the SCSR. In the field, this assessment is made using a hand-held instrument provided by CSE. In the laboratory it is made using a more sophisticated set of instrumentation which includes a small anechoic chamber. Neither of these assessment techniques could be conducted on the opened SCSRs, but the laboratory ASMD method was applied to each of the unopened SR-100, SCSRs which were performance tested. Excessive noise as evaluated by either of the test instruments is an indication of chemical-bed damage that may adversely affect the performance of the SCSR. SCSRs which fail the ASMD test, also fail inspection. The two units found in the storage container exhibited ASMD values of 18dB, and the two which failed visual inspection exhibited ASMD values of 53dB and 41dB. All of these were within the 60dB cutoff to pass the ASMD test. Findings Exceptional or notable findings are as follows: Unopened-units: 1.) Sixteen of the eighteen unopened units failed visual inspection for various reasons. 2.) When tested on the BMS, one of the unopened SCSRs lost its startup oxygen as a result of a metal shaving interfering with an O-ring seal on the starter mechanism. This unit could only have been used in manual- (or cold-start) mode. It is not possible to manually start the SCSR in strict accordance with the CSE Users’ Instructions (Attachment 2, page 14) when testing on the BMS. Therefore, the test was discontinued as soon as the unit failed to provide enough volume for the simulator to inhale, which occurred about four minutes into the test.1 3.) The other three tested units performed adequately. Detailed findings are documented in Table 1, and each of the examined units is illustrated in Attachment 4. Findings regarding the opened units must be tempered by the knowledge that all of the units had been exposed to ambient atmosphere for over a year by the time they were presented to NIOSH for investigation and the subsequent evaluations. The chemicals 1 In light of information gathered during an extensive investigation of the SR-100 oxygen starter mechanism, this defect was seen to be an anomaly. This finding represents the sole observation. Page 4 of 86 contained in the units are designed for one-time use which is meant to occur immediately after the unit is unsealed. Once unsealed, chemical reactions will proceed regardless of whether the unit is donned by a user or not. However, the pattern of reaction will be different between a unit that is unsealed and donned and one that has simply been unsealed. That difference will be more obvious the sooner the evaluation occurs relative to the time the unit was first unsealed or opened. After a long enough time has passed, any differences between the two conditions will become completely obscured by the continued reaction of the chemicals. Certain assumptions have been made in an effort to most effectively conduct the unit inspections and subsequent life-support assessments. These assumptions can be characterized as follows: 1.) Circumstances of collection were therefore assumed to provide guidance for evaluation. a. Given that units were collected under, in broad terms, three different sets of circumstances: outside the mine, inside the mine in various locations, inside the mine in isolated pairs, it is assured that they were exposed to differing environments. However, it is assumed that any two units collected under a similar set of circumstances were exposed to essentially the same post-explosion environments. For example, two units which remained underground during the early phases of mine recovery both laid at random spots on the mine floor. The working assumption is that neither of them was lying in a puddle of water for any portion of that time. b. Given that units were collected at different times, and packaged for retention in different ways (i.e. plastic, paper, bulk), the assumption is that the units were all stored in the same area, and exposed to the same temperature and humidity environment between the time they were collected by MSHA and evaluated under this investigation. 2.) In the case of the most degraded units, it was assumed that similar external appearance could be relied upon as a good indicator of internal appearance. This was most important, and the prevailing assumption, for units thought to have been used quite heavily according to their external appearance. Because they were so heavily contaminated with an extremely caustic effluent of reaction (consistent with high use), only one of them was dismantled to affirm the observation of heavy use. Under these assumptions, the units were evaluated in groups focused on similar collection circumstances. The notable or exceptional observations and associated findings regarding the opened units are as follows: 1.) All twenty-three units were not received in standard deployed configuration; all units were either used, opened for use, or broken open by the forces of the explosion. Consequently, it is not possible to make a pass/fail judgment with regard to the required inspection criteria. 2.) The oxygen closures of twenty opened SCSRs had punctured which indicates that the units had been activated prior to being received for inspection. This Page 5 of 86 determination was made by examining the start-up closure, a frangible disc, of each compressed oxygen container. Despite this finding, there is no method to verify that oxygen flowed into the units from the start-up containers. 4.) Six of the open units are in a condition that one would expect of units that had been consumed rather vigorously and rather completely. 5.) Three of the open units are in a condition more consistent with units that had been consumed rather slowly, but also rather completely. 6.) The remaining 14 units are in a condition more consistent with units that had been opened, but remained unused (i.e. not breathed through). 7.) Two of the 14 units mentioned in 6.) were judged to have been forced open by the explosion and showed no signs of attempted use. These units served as a rather useful reference point. Table 2 is the complete listing of findings regarding the opened units. Exhibit # Recovery Location SN MFR Date Visual Inspection ASMD Notes Life Support Duration PE-0039-a Inside 224160 Oct-08 Pass Pass Found in a storage container Lost starter oxygen due to a burr on the starter plunger. Test stopped at 4 minutes. PE-0039-b Inside 228283 Nov-08 Pass Pass Found in a storage container 66 Minutes A-02-A Outside 227015 Oct-08 Fail Pass Heat indicator red 66 Minutes PE-0088 Inside 133640 Jun-06 Fail Pass Shows signs of heat/soot 63 Minutes Table 1 - Index of performance-tested units MFR Date Oxygen Activated Overall Condition Consistent with use? Yes/No Spent KO2 Oxygen consumption rate Exhibit # Location Serial Number PE-0101 Inside 228539 Yes Bagged in a paper bag - Caustic leakage evident S/N 228539 (from CSE) Yes Complete High PE-0198 Inside 139549 No observation Bagged in a paper bag - Caustic leakage evident S/N 139549 (from CSE) Yes External observation only No observation PE-0197 Inside 139529 No observation Bagged in a paper bag - Caustic leakage evident S/N 139529 (from CSE) Yes External observation only No observation Notes Page 6 of 86 PE-0108 Inside 139590 No observation Bagged in a paper bag - Caustic leakage evident S/N 139590 (from CSE) Yes External observation only No observation PE-0110 Inside 139494 No observation Bagged in a paper bag - Caustic leakage evident S/N 139494 (from CSE) Yes External observation only No observation PE-0111 Inside 228242 No observation Bagged in a paper bag - Caustic leakage evident S/N 228242 (from CSE) Yes External observation only No observation PE-0130 Inside Bagged in plastic - No caustic leaking evident No Partial NA PE-0037 Inside No Partial NA PE-0027 Inside No Partial NA Yes Complete Low No Partial NA No Partial NA No Partial NA No Partial NA 238802 Feb09 No Yes 136909 Yes 228246 PE-0053 Inside PE-0046 Inside PE-0055 Inside Yes 137539 Yes 179857 Yes 194266 PE-0025 Inside Yes 179758 Nov08 Bagged in plastic - No caustic leaking evident, Bottle no. A95255 Bagged in plastic - No caustic leaking evident S/N 194266 (from CSE) Bagged in plastic - No caustic leaking evident S/N 179758 (from CSE) Bagged in plastic - No caustic leaking evident PE-0131 Inside A-02-B Outside 201117 No Bottle #A120126 Bagged collectively -No caustic leaking evident S/N 201117 (from CSE) No Partial NA A-02-C Outside 228295 Yes Bottle #A148070 Bagged collectively - No caustic leaking evident S/N 228295 (from CSE) No Partial NA A-02-D Outside 179813 Yes Bottle #A95080 Bagged collectively - No caustic leaking evident S/N 179813 (from CSE) Yes Complete Low A-02-E Outside 228270 Yes Bottle #A148553 Bagged collectively - No caustic leaking evident S/N 228270 (from CSE) No Partial NA A-02-F Outside 228299 Yes Bottle #A149998 Bagged collectively - Caustic leakage evident S/N 228299 (from CSE) Yes Complete Low A-02-G Outside 179728 Yes Bottle #A91663 Bagged collectively - No caustic leaking evident S/N 179728 (from CSE) No Partial NA A-02-H Outside 180099 Yes Bottle #A95444 Bagged collectively - No caustic leaking evident S/N 180099 (from CSE) No Partial NA 228439 No Bagged in plastic - No caustic leaking evident, Bottle no. 48043 Bagged in plastic - No caustic leaking evident S/N 228246 (from CSE) Bagged in plastic - Caustic leakage evident S/N 137539 (from CSE) Page 7 of 86 A-02-I Outside 179804 Yes Bottle #A93445 Bagged collectively -No caustic leaking evident S/N 179804 (from CSE) No Partial NA A-02-J Outside 179843 Yes Bottle #A97114 Bagged collectively - No caustic leaking evident S/N 179843 (from CSE) No Partial NA Unit determined to have been opened by force of explosion Unit identifiers beginning with "A" were assigned by NIOSH during the investigation at Bruceton Table 2 - Index of opened units This inspection and testing of respirators from Upper Big Branch was done at the request of MSHA as part of its investigation of the mine disaster. NIOSH and MSHA were not able to conduct an evaluation of respirators recovered from the Upper Big Branch mine accident site for more than a year after the accident. Those examining the units were limited in their ability to fully evaluate the respirators by the impact of the explosion on the units and the length of time following the explosion before the respirators could be examined and tested. Given these limitations, those examining the units exercised their best professional judgment and experience in presenting the findings in this report; but these findings should only be relied on and considered only within the constraints which limited their analyses. Page 8 of 86 Attachment 1 Evaluation Protocol Page 9 of 86 Investigation Protocol for Self-Contained Self-Rescuers (SCSRs) Recovered from the UBB Mine Explosion May 20, 2011 1.0 Background 1.1 The CSE SR-100 is an MSHA NIOSH approved 1-hr SCSR. 1.2 The SR-100 was deployed at the Massey UBB mine. 1.3 On April 5, 2010 an explosion occurred at the Massey UBB underground mine. 1.4 Selected SCSRs collected during the MSHA investigation will be visually inspected and tested. 1.5 These apparatus are considered by MSHA as evidence in their investigation. 2.0 General Considerations 2.1 MSHA will maintain the chain of custody while the units are undergoing investigation. 2.2 Parties to the testing of the apparatus are MSHA, and NIOSH. These Parties may permit others to observe this inspection and testing. The Parties will control the inspections and tests and the test conditions. The Parties will notify observers of the time and place of the inspections and tests, but may limit the number of observers who can be present. 2.3 Units will be opened and inspected in the presence of all Parties, and observers subject to the conditions specified in 2.2. 2.4 The role of the observers is simply to observe. They may not control the inspection and testing, or test scenarios. If at any time during inspection and testing observers are deemed to be interfering with, or influencing inspection and testing, they will be asked to leave. 2.5 No human subject tests will be conducted. Performance assessments will be conducted using a breathing and metabolic simulator (BMS). This testing is not to be regarded as a direct substitute for human subject testing specified in Title 42, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 84. 2.6 The time frame for inspection and testing will be governed by findings and the availability of supplies. Under the current understanding of the situation, inspection and testing could span several weeks. The Parties must be in agreement on the acceptability of any components or supplies needed for inspection and testing. 2.7 NIOSH and MSHA facility safety personnel will be informed of the intent to inspection and test, and may be asked to consult on the overall safety of the activity, and to observe the inspection and test procedures to assure facility and personnel safety. Page 10 of 86 2.8 3.0 In order to assure the safety of laboratory personnel, all reasonable efforts will be made to determine if any toxic substances are involved relative to the SCSRs. If such substances may be on the SCSRs, they will be sanitized. This is a standard precaution. Objective 3.1 4.0 5.0 MSHA and NIOSH will conduct a joint investigation of the SCSR’s used in the Massey UBB mine explosion. 3.2 The objectives are: 3.2.1 To inspect and catalog the condition of the apparatus, as delivered to NIOSH by MSHA. 3.2.2 To evaluate the life support performance of the apparatus (if possible). Method 4.1 The investigation will be conducted at NIOSH, Bruceton Research Center, in NPPTL facilities. 4.2 Procedure 4.2.1 Catalog and create a visual record (digital photographs) of all SCSR’s, as received. 4.2.2 Inspection 4.2.2.1 Sanitize any SCSRs that require such a procedure, and conduct a visual inspection according to manufacturer’s instructions 4.2.2.2 Assess condition of breathing hose and bag, as well as other system components 4.2.2.3 Digital photographs will be used for visual record. 4.2.3 Life Support 4.2.3.1 Unopened units: Performance test on Breathing and Metabolic Simulator (BMS) 4.2.3.2 Opened units: Perform a visual inspection and assess condition of the chemical bed. NOTE: Assessment of the chemical bed condition should not be construed as an indication of the condition at the time of recovery from the mine due to the length of elapsed time from recovery until evaluation at NIOSH, NPPTL. 4.2.3.3 Document life support assessments with digital photographs as appropriate. Report 5.1 Prepare and submit a report on the results of the investigation to the MSHA investigation team. Page 11 of 86 Attachment 2 CSE Users? Instructions Donning Manual Page 12 0f 86 SRX-206-H SR-100 NIOSH/MSHA 03/03 Rev 2 Corporate Headquarters 600 Seco Road Monroeville, PA 15146 Phone: 412-856-9200 Fax: 412-856-9203 Email: customerservice@csecorporation.com Website: www.csecorporation.com Safety Works March 18, 2003 Page 13 of 86 Donning Procedures for Person-Wearable Self Contained Self Rescuer 60 Minutes Self Contained Self Rescuer SR-100 60 min/SC/ESC 13F-239 Q15-20-0000-6 X X Q15-20-9002-6 X X RESPIRATOR ALTERNATE POUCHES Q15-20-9069-6 JMNOS CAUTIONS AND LIMITATIONS2 (In accordance with Section “S” of the NIOSH cautions and limitations) Special User Instructions J - Failure to properly use and maintain this product could result in injury or death. M - All approved respirators shall be selected, fitted, used, and maintained in accordance with MSHA, OSHA, and other applicable regulations. N - Never substitute, modify, add, or omit parts. Use only exact replacement parts in the configuration as specified by the manufacturer. O - Refer to User's Instructions, and/or maintenance manuals for information on use and maintenance of these respirators. S - Special or critical User's Instructions and/or specific use limitations apply. Refer to User's Instructions before donning. 2. CAUTIONS AND LIMITATIONS SC - Self-Contained ESC - Escape 1. PROTECTION PROTECTION1 TC- RESPIRATOR COMPONENTS THESE RESPIRATORS ARE APPROVED ONLY IN THE FOLLOWING CONFIGURATIONS: CLOSED-CIRCUIT, ESCAPE ONLY, SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS MODEL SR-100 SCSR CSE CORPORATION 600 SECO ROAD, MONROEVILLE, PA. 15146, USA (412) 856-9200 Q15-20-9042-6 SR-100 Warranty Statement 8/5/01 Page 14 of 86 Part Number _________________ Serial Number________________________ 1-800-245-2224 CSE Corporation, 600 Seco Rd. , Monroeville, PA. 15146 (412) 856-9200 or 29 Conditions and Exclusions: To maintain this warranty, the purchaser must perform maintenance and inspection as prescribed in the owners manual and such other necessary care as may be required according to the use of the equipment in the reasonable judgment of CSE. Normal wear and tear, parts damaged by abuse, misuse, negligence, or accidents are excluded from this warranty. Purchaser acknowledges that, notwithstanding any contrary term or provision in the purchaser’s purchase order or otherwise, the only warranty extended by CSE is the express warranty contained herein. PURCHASER FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THERE ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATIONS, THE WARRRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE; THAT THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES WHICH EXTEND BEYOND THE DESCRIPTION ON THE FACE HEREOF; THAT NO ORAL WARRANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS, OR GUARANTEES OF ANY KIND HAVE BEEN MADE BY CSE, ITS DISTRIBUTORS OR THE AGENTS OF EITHER OF THEM, THAT IN ANY WAY ALTER THE TERMS OF THIS WARRANTY; THAT CSE AND ITS DISTRIBUTORS SHALL IN NO EVENT BE LIABLE FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INJURY TO THE PERSON OR PROPERTY OF THE PURCHASER OR OTHERS, AND FROM OTHER LOSSES OR EXPENSES INCURRED BY THE PURCHASER ARISING FROM THE USE, OPERATION, STORAGE, OR MAINTENANCE OF THE PRODUCT COVERED BY THE WARRANTY; THAT CSE’S LIABILITY UNDER THIS WARRANTY IS RESTRICTED TO REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF DEFECTIVE PARTS AT CSE’S SOLE DISCRETION. The warranty shall be void if the date and/or serial numbers affixed to the products by CSE are removed, obliterated, or defaced. Validation: To validate this warranty, the registration card must be detached, completed and returned to CSE’s offices within 30 days of purchase. CSE Corporation warrants to the original end-user purchaser this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for 1 year from the date of purchase. During this period, CSE will repair or replace defective parts on an exchange basis. F.O.B. the factory at Monroeville, Pennsylvania. Freight charges to and from the CSE factory will be paid by the end-user purchaser. The decision to repair or replace defective parts shall be determined by CSE. Warranty Policy SR-100 SCSR Safety Works _________ Serial Number________________ 28 Mail or Fax SR-100 Warranty Card (412-856-9203) Warranty is void unless registration card is completed and returned to CSE within 30 days of receipt of product. ________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Address__________________________________________________ Company_________________________________________________ Name________________________________Phone_______________ Date of Purchase Warranty Registration SR-100 Safety Works Page 15 of 86 Warning: Do not attempt to talk while wearing SR-100, maintain a tight seal on mouthpiece and nose clip. Try to communicate via hand signals or writing. i Warning: The user should be familiar with operational primary escape ways, secondary escape ways and SR-100 cache locations. Warning; Never remove the mouthpiece unless you have reached fresh air or you are replacing the unit you are wearing with a reserve unit. Warning: Breathing through the SR-100 differs from breathing ambient air; temperature and resistance will be slightly higher. This is normal during use and never warrants removal of the mouthpiece. Warning: Before donning SR-100 remove any foreign matter from your mouth such as chewing tobacco or gum. Warning: The CSE SR-100 is not approved for use as a Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) and should not be used for rescue, fire-fighting or underwater breathing. Warning: The CSE SR-100 has been designed by CSE and approved as an Escape Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (ESCBA) and should only be used to escape from atmospheres Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH). CAUTION – Indicates a potential hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury. WARNING – Indicates a potential hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. SAFETY GUIDELINES – DEFINITIONS SAFETY TERMINOLOGY. The following symbols are utilized throughout this manual to help you recognize safety related to the SR-100. THIS MANUAL MUST BE READ COMPLETELY BY ALL INDIVIDUALS USING, INSPECTING OR PROVIDING TRAINING FOR THE CSE SR-100. The CSE SR-100 will perform as designed only if it is maintained and used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and regulatory standards. FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS AND REGULATIONS COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH. SR-100 SAFETY GUIDELINES: ii Warning: Do not introduce petroleum based liquids or flammable liquids into the unit. The chemical (potassium super oxide) in this unit is not combustible but it can ignite flammable liquids when they come in contact. Warning: Only a trained and qualified individual may perform the 90 day inspection of the CSE SR-100. Warning: The user should perform the daily inspection of the CSE SR-100 prior to carrying the unit. Warning: The SR-100 is approved with the SR-100 carrying pouch, any modification or substitution of this pouch should be removed immediately and replaced with an approved SR-100 pouch. Warning: The SR-100 and carrying pouch should be kept clean. Do not submerge the SR-100 in water or use petroleum solvents to clean. Warning: Avoid direct contact between the breathing bag and open flames or chemicals during use. Warning: The SR-100 is intended as a one time use only product, once the unit is opened it is considered spent and should be disposed of properly. Warning: Never attempt to use a damaged SR-100, unit already removed from service or that does not meet inspection criteria. Warning: The unit must temporarily be removed from service if the internal temperature of the unit drops below 320F. Once the internal temperature rises above 320F the unit may be returned to service. Warning: Remove the SR-100 from service if any of the following conditions exist: top or bottom moisture indicator is not blue, the security seal is broken, the unit was exposed to temperatures above 1300F as indicated by the temperature indicator being red, or shows indications of physical abuse( Crushed, burnt, visible puncture holes, substantial cracks dents, or any other visible signs of trauma.) SR-100 SAFETY GUIDELINES: Continued NOTES: Page 16 of 86 27 26 SR-100 SELF CONTAINED SELF RESCUER Q152000006 Q152090026 X151590058 X151590098 X151590108 X151590118 X151590128 X151590138 X151590148 X151590158 X151590398 2170611001 2170612001 21706KIT01 ACOUSTICS SOLIDS MOVEMENT DETECTOR KIT ASMD SPOT CHECKER ACOUSTICS SOLIDS MOVEMENT DETECTOR TRAINING VIDEO BELT, XXX-LARGE 56” - 62” BELT,XX-LARGE 51” - 57” BELT, X-LARGE 45” - 51” BELT, LARGE 39” - 45” BELT, MEDIUM 36” - 43” BELT, SMALL 30” - 37” BELT, ULTRA SMALL 28” - 34” SUSPENDERS SR-100 POUCH Description Part Number APPENDIX III: ACCESSORIES Page 17 of 86 SR-100 Features ……….………….………………….….2 SR-100 Internal Components....………….….….……...3 SR-100 Operations ………………….....………………...4 Donning from a Kneeling Position ……………………..…4 Donning from a Standing Position………………………..4 Removing a difficult top or bottom cover…………..…….5 3+3 Donning Procedures ………………………………..6 Second Unit Transition Donning Procedures··············· 13 Manual Start Procedures ··········································· 14 Duration ······································································· 15 Daily Inspection Criteria ……………………............. 17 Shipping Procedures ………………………………... 20 Disposal Procedures ………………………………... 22 Maintenance………………………………………………23 Appendix I: Specifications ………………………….. 24 Appendix II: Glossary ………………………………... 25 Appendix III: Accessories……………………………...26 Notes……………………………………………………….27 Warranty Registration Card …………………………...28 Warranty Policy……………....................................…..29 General Description ………………………………….....1 SR-100………………….……………………………….…..1 SR-100 Information ………….……………………..…....1 SR-100 Safety Guidelines………………….….…….….i TABLE OF CONTENTS iii iv NIOSH/MSHA Approved TC-13F-239 SR-100 SCSR - Self Contained Self Rescuer Page 18 of 86 PWSCSR - Pearson Wearable Self Contained Self Rescuer O2 - Oxygen 25 NIOSH - National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health MSHA– Mine Safety and Health Administration LiOH - Lithium Hydroxide KO2 - Potassium Super Oxide IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health ESCBA - Escape Self Contained Breathing Apparatus EPA - Environmental Protection Agency EGRESS - to go or come out CO2 - Carbon Dioxide ASMD - Acoustic Solids Movement Detector APPENDIX II:GLOSSARY 24 Approvals Warranty Maximum Service Life MSHA/NIOSH TC-13F-239 1 Year 10 Years 32° — 130° F 0°— 54° C 9+/-0.5 Bag Volume (liters) Storage Temperatures On Demand Chemical based re-breather KO2/LiOH Oxygen supply rate (liters per minute) Method of Operation 60 Minutes 3.5 ft.3/100 Liters Deliverable Oxygen Rated Duration (minimum) 7.75” x 4” x 5.5” 4.9lbs/2.2kg Weight: In Use Dimensions 5.7 lbs./2.6kg Weight: Carried SR100 APPENDIX I: SR100 SPECIFICATIONS Page 19 of 86 1 The CSE SR-100 provides 100 liters of useable oxygen in the event the user must escape from a potential IDLH atmosphere. Approved as an Escape Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (ESCBA) the CSE SR-100 may also be referred to as Person Wearable Self Contained Self Rescuer (PWSCSR), rebreather or closed circuit breathing apparatus. The SR-100 recycles the user’s exhaled breath, chemically removing carbon dioxide and replenishing the oxygen based on the user’s demand or work rate. The unit uses a bi-directional chemical canister system in which the users exhaled breath makes two passes through the carbon dioxide absorption/oxygen generation canister before the gas returns to the user. This innovative technology provides the highest level of protection for potentially IDLH applications found in mining, tunneling, chemical plants, pulp/paper plants, water treatment plants, and confined space entry. The CSE SR-100 provides the highest level of respiratory protection for workers who must perform duties in conditions classified as having the potential to be Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH). The light weight, compact design of the CSE SR-100 make it ideal to be carried on an individual’s belt so that it can be donned in a matter of seconds in the event that the atmosphere changes to IDLH. GENERAL DESCRIPTION SR-100 INFORMATION 2 Moisture and Temperature Indicators Sealed Configuration The SR-100 is enclosed in a rugged stainless steel case. SR-100 FEATURES Temperature Indicator Page 20 of 86 23 The Carrying Pouch should be cleaned periodically using mild laundry detergent in cold water and air dried. Keep the SR-100 clean, especially around the moisture indicators and the Temperature indicator. Use a damp cloth to wipe clean. Do not clean SR-100 with petroleum based solvents. Avoid dirt build-up between the carrying pouch and the canister. MAINTENANCE 22 The EPA Hazardous Waste Classifications are: D001, RQ, Potassium Superoxide, corrosive, 8, UN2466, PGI D002, RQ, Potassium Superoxide, 5.1, N2466, PGI Applicable state waste codes, codes that apply to conditions of the products use or specific Hazardous Waste Handler codes should be identified in accordance with federal, state and local regulations. Contact CSE Corporation, CSE Distributor or Licensed Hazardous Material Handler for disposal of SR-100. DISPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS SR-100 Internal Components Page 21 of 86 3 4 Loop the neck strap over your head. Do not adjust the strap until you have completed the donning procedure. While firmly cradling the unit in your opposite hand pull the tab toward you. As the security band is released the top and bottom covers can be removed. Hold on to the goggles. Donning from Standing Position Remove SR-100 from carry pouch and cradle the unit in one hand. With the free hand unfasten the pull tab of the security band located at the top of the unit and place your pointer finger through the loop. Loop the neck strap over your head. Do not adjust the strap until you have completed the donning procedure. Now pull the tab toward you while pressing with the other hand against the top of the unit. As the security band is released the top and bottom covers can be removed. Unfasten the pull tab of the security band located at the top of the unit and place your pointer finger through the loop while placing your opposite hand on the top of the unit. If equipped with a hard hat and lamp place it on the ground in front of you so that the light shines on the SR-100. Donning from Kneeling Position Remove SR-100 from carrying pouch and place it on the ground in front of you. SR-100 OPERATION Page 22 of 86 If you have any question regarding shipping procedures please call CSE Corporation Customer Service at 1-412-856-9200. THIS PACKAGE IS NOT AUTHORIZED FOR TRANSPORTATION ABOARD AIRCRAFT IF IT HAS BEEN OPENED. 21 When preparing SR-100 packages for transportation by Cargo Aircraft the packages must be plainly marked with the above information and the following statement: SHIPPING PROCEDURES: Continued 20 THIS PACKAGE IS NOT AUTHORIZED FOR TRANSPORTATION ABOARD AIRCRAFT. When preparing SR-100 packages for transportation by Motor Vehicle, Rail Freight, and Cargo Vessel the packages must be plainly marked with the above information and the following statement: Proper Shipping Name.................Chemical Oxygen Generator. Approval ................................................................CA 9912010 Hazard Class...........................................................................5.1 Subsidiary Risk....................................................................N/A UN Number.........................................................................3356 Packing Group..........................................................................II SR-100 Net quantity of hazardous materials per ..……0.6 kg The CSE SR-100 is a Chemical Oxygen Generator, therefore it is classified as Hazardous Material by the U.S. Department of Transportation and United Nations Dangerous Goods. All SR100 shipments should be prepared by an individual trained in hazardous materials shipping regulations and shipped in approved packaging with appropriate markings, labeling, shipping documentation, placard and carrier specific requirements: SHIPPING PROCEDURES Page 23 of 86 5 A screw driver or tool can be used to pry difficult covers off, take care not to puncture or rip the breathing bag and hose when using a tool. Holding the unit firmly in both hands, tap the top or bottom cover against a solid surface to knock the cover off. The bottom cover can be removed by standing on the security band after it has been released and pulling on the body of the unit. The top cover can be removed by twisting it just as you would twist off the lid of a jar. Removing a difficult top or bottom cover Normally the top and bottom covers are easily removed once the security band has been released. In the unlikely event that the covers do stick, they can be removed by following the procedures listed below. SR-100 OPERATION: Continued 6 3 Secondary Steps 4. Put on Goggles 5. Adjust Straps 6. Replace Hard Hat and Move Out 3 Primary Steps 1. Activate Oxygen 2. Insert Mouthpiece 3. Put on Nosepiece The user must be proficient in the 3+3 DONNING PROCEDURE before entering the work place. The 3+3 DONNING PROCEDURES provide an efficient method for donning the SR-100. The first 3 Primary Steps are designed to quickly isolate the individuals respiratory system from potentially IDLH atmosphere. Properly trained the user should be able carry out the Primary Steps in approximately 10 seconds. The next 3 Secondary Steps are designed to make the necessary adjustments to the unit while the user is safely under oxygen. 3+3 DONNING PROCEDURES differ slightly * Actual color shade may *FAIL *PASS Moisture Indicator Page 24 of 86 19 differ slightly. Fail indicates unit has been subjected to temperatures exceeding 130˚F. * Actual color shade may *FAIL *PASS Temperature Indicator CSE SR-100 INSPECTION CRITERIA: Continued 18 The carrying pouch should be loose fitting so that the unit may be easily removed when needed in an emergency. See Maintenance for carrying pouch cleaning. SR-100 Pouch New SR-100 without carrying pouch and with approved carrying pouch. Check the Temperature indicator located on the security band, right side of top cover. The Temperature indicator is a dull white to dull pink under normal conditions. Remove the unit from service if the Temperature Indicator turns to a bright red. CSE SR-100 INSPECTION CRITERIA: Continued Page 25 of 86 Pull the large fluorescent orange oxygen actuator tag down to activate the oxygen. 1. Oxygen 7 8 Remove the mouthpiece plug and immediately insert the Mouthpiece into your mouth, exhale into the unit first then start to breathe normally. 2. Mouthpiece Remove from Service Top and bottom covers are jarred or misaligned. Top and bottom cover seals are cut, split or displaced. Signs of significant trauma (beyond normal wear and tear) such as substantial dents in the top and bottom covers or substantial dents, breaks or punctures in the orange plastic outer cover. If the unit has been crushed, burnt, or suffered any damage that cause the security strap to become slack , unattached, or unfastened. Top and bottom covers are properly aligned. Top and bottom cover seals are properly aligned. No signs of significant trauma 17 If the top and bottom moisture indicators of either indicator is white or pink or damaged do not attempt to use. If the temperature indicator, located on the side of the unit is red, do not attempt to use. Top and bottom moisture indicators are blue. Temperature indicator, located on the side of the unit should be pink or white. Page 26 of 86 Security band has been become slack, unattached, or unfastened. Security band is secure. Date of Manufacture, less than 10 Date of Manufacture, if date exceeds 10 years years. FAIL PASS Remain in Service Readiness of the SR-100 is confirmed visually, at any time, by quickly checking the indicators and general condition of the unit prior to entering the workplace. Check for the following items: DAILY VISUAL INSPECTION: CSE SR-100 INSPECTION CRITERIA 16 All SCSR(s) place some limited stress on the user due to increased breathing resistance and an increase in the temperature of the inhaled breath. For this reason, it is always advisable to limit the level of physical exertion, if possible, while wearing any SCSR. Removing all non-essential carrying weight, the greater the duration. Talking can increase breathing resistance by allowing saliva to enter the breathing hose and possibly enter the canister. Minimizing talking and swallowing one’s own saliva, the greater the duration. The degree of training and familiarity can affect the duration. The more training and experience the subject has with an SCSR, the more their breathing will be calm and controlled. If a subject is familiar with a particular escape way, it may improve the mechanics of their escape. The greater the training and familiarity, the greater the duration. DURATION:Continued Page 27 of 86 Grip each tab of nosepiece and squeeze gently while pulling the two nose pads apart just enough to slip the nosepiece on to nose so that both nostrils are completely closed. 3. Nosepiece 9 10 Put on safety goggles. Corrective lens may be worn over top of goggles by looping temples of glasses under goggle straps. 4. Put On Goggles Page 28 of 86 15 The user’s breathing rate affects the duration. The rate can be increased by excitement and fear. The lower the breathing rate, the greater the duration. The user’s fitness, weight, response to inspired carbon dioxide and tolerance to breathing resistance all affect the amount of oxygen required by the user. The more fit and the less weight, the greater the duration. The physical condition or fitness of the user affects the duration. A high heart rate, age and percent of body fat suggest inferior levels of fitness. The more fit the user, the more efficient utilization of oxygen, permitting higher work rates or longer durations. The amount of work required to escape affects the duration. Running, walking bent over, crawling or climbing a ladder for example will increase the work required to escape. Less work results in greater duration. The SR-100 is tested and approved by several approval/ certification laboratories. These approvals will carry different duration ratings based on the testing criteria of the particular testing laboratory. Each of these units provide a certain range of protection based on the factors listed below. The duration of ALL SCSR(s) will vary, depending on the user’s oxygen consumption rate. In most circumstances, your SR-100 will provide approximately 1 hour of protection. However, there are a number of factors that can affect the user’s oxygen consumption and duration. These are: DURATION Exhale into the mouthpiece to begin inflating the breathing bag. Repeat this process 3 to 6 times until the breathing bag is full. Continue with the 3+3 Donning Procedure. Begin the egress by moving at a moderate work rate, allowing the breathing bag to inflate with the excess oxygen. Once the bag is full, you can then increase your egress to a more normal rate. 3. 4. 5. 6. 14 Inhale ambient air through the mouth. 2. In the event the compressed oxygen starter does not activate or the oxygen vents through the mouthpiece because the plug is left out of the mouthpiece during activation, the user should manually start the unit. 1. Remove the Mouthpiece from your mouth. The nose piece should remain attached to the nose. Second and more noticeable indication, the user will see the breathing bag fill as long as the mouthpiece plug is still inserted into the mouthpiece. Once the Oxygen Actuator has been pulled the user will hear a faint hiss of the oxygen being released from the bottle into the unit for a few seconds. The user can easily confirm that the oxygen starter system has released oxygen into the breathing bag by two observations. MANUAL START PROCEDURES Page 29 of 86 11 Neck Strap Adjustment. Proper adjustment can be checked by raising your head to look up. If you feel a pull on the mouthpiece, the unit is too low on your chest. Wrap the waist strap, which hangs from the bottom of the canister, around your waist and fasten it to the clip on the opposite side of the canister. 5.Adjust Strap 12 * After donning your SR-100, discard any nonessential equipment, and/or gear, to minimize your carrying weight. Replace hard hat and move out. 6. Replace Hat and Move out Page 30 of 86 3. Change over to second unit following donning procedures while there is still volume to the breathing bag and resistance is still tolerable. 13 2. Monitor time on first unit, the volume of the breathing bag and breathing resistance. Near the end of use, the breathing bag volume will become noticeably lower and/or the breathing resistance will become almost intolerable. At the end of use the user will be unable to draw any more oxygen from the system. 1. Access a second unit from cache at the earliest possible time during the egress. The user should be trained on Second Unit Transition Donning Procedures. In most circumstances, your SR-100 will provide approximately 1 hour of protection enabling you to safely exit an IDLH atmosphere. However, there are a number of factors that can affect the user’s oxygen consumption and duration (See pages 15 - 16 for Duration). While donning a second unit is procedurally the same as donning the first unit it is important for the user to be prepared to carry out this change over. SECOND UNIT TRANSITION DONNING PROCEDURES Attachment 3 CSE Users? Instructions Daily and 90?Day Inspetions Manual Page 31 of 86 SRX-206-H SR-100 ASMD 10/02 Rev 1 Corporate Headquarters 600 Seco Road Monroeville, PA 15146 Phone: 412-856-9200 Fax: 412-856-9203 Email: customerservice@csecorporation.com Website: www.csecorporation.com Safety Works October 16, 2002 Page 32 of 86 ASMD Instruction Manual Daily Visual and 90 Day Inspection Criteria SR-100 SCSR NIOSH/MSHA Approved TC-13F-239 SR-100 ASMD Warranty Statement August 5, 2001 Page 33 of 86 Part Number _________________ Serial Number________________________ 1-800-245-2224 CSE Corporation, 600 Seco Rd. , Monroeville, PA. 15146 (412) 856-9200 or 27 Conditions and Exclusions: To maintain this warranty, the purchaser must perform maintenance and inspection as prescribed in the owners manual and such other necessary care as may be required according to the use of the equipment in the reasonable judgment of CSE. Normal wear and tear, parts damaged by abuse, misuse, negligence, or accidents are excluded from this warranty. Purchaser acknowledges that, notwithstanding any contrary term or provision in the purchaser’s purchase order or otherwise, the only warranty extended by CSE is the express warranty contained herein. PURCHASER FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THERE ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATIONS, THE WARRRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE; THAT THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES WHICH EXTEND BEYOND THE DESCRIPTION ON THE FACE HEREOF; THAT NO ORAL WARRANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS, OR GUARANTEES OF ANY KIND HAVE BEEN MADE BY CSE, ITS DISTRIBUTORS OR THE AGENTS OF EITHER OF THEM, THAT IN ANY WAY ALTER THE TERMS OF THIS WARRANTY; THAT CSE AND ITS DISTRIBUTORS SHALL IN NO EVENT BE LIABLE FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INJURY TO THE PERSON OR PROPERTY OF THE PURCHASER OR OTHERS, AND FROM OTHER LOSSES OR EXPENSES INCURRED BY THE PURCHASER ARISING FROM THE USE, OPERATION, STORAGE, OR MAINTENANCE OF THE PRODUCT COVERED BY THE WARRANTY; THAT CSE’S LIABILITY UNDER THIS WARRANTY IS RESTRICTED TO REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF DEFECTIVE PARTS AT CSE’S SOLE DISCRETION. The warranty shall be void if the date and/or serial numbers affixed to the products by CSE are removed, obliterated, or defaced. Validation: To validate this warranty, the registration card must be detached, completed and returned to CSE’s offices within 30 days of purchase. CSE Corporation warrants to the original end-user purchaser this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for 1 year from the date of purchase. During this period, CSE will repair or replace defective parts on an exchange basis. F.O.B. the factory at Monroeville, Pennsylvania. Freight charges to and from the CSE factory will be paid by the end-user purchaser. The decision to repair or replace defective parts shall be determined by CSE. Warranty Policy ASMD Safety Works _________ Serial Number________________ 24 Mail or Fax ASMD Warranty Card (412-856-9203) Warranty is void unless registration card is completed and returned to CSE within 30 days of receipt of product. ________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Address__________________________________________________ Company_________________________________________________ Name________________________________Phone_______________ Date of Purchase Warranty Registration ASMD Safety Works Page 34 of 86 Warranty Policy ………………………………….……...25 Warranty Registration….……………………………... 24 Notes ……………………………………………………. 23 Inspection Log Book …………………………………...18 Appendex I: Glossary ···············································15 i SR-100 Inspections Criteria ..……………………….…..2 SR-100 Daily Inspection Criteria Pass/Fail.….…….....3 Criteria For Units to Remain In Service …………...……5 Criteria for Damaged Unit To Be Pull From Service …...7 ASMD Spot Checker ····················································12 ASMD Test Procedures ··············································14 General Description …………………………………......1 ASMD ….…………………………………………….………1 SR-100 Safety Guidelines……………………..…..…….ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ii Warning: The user should be familiar with operational primary escape ways, secondary escape ways and SR-100 cache locations. Warning: Breathing through the SR-100 differs from breathing ambient air; temperature and resistance will be slightly higher. This is normal during use and never warrants removal of the mouthpiece. Warning: Before donning SR-100 remove any foreign matter from your mouth such as chewing tobacco or gum. Warning: The CSE SR-100 is not approved for use as a Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) and should not be used for rescue, fire-fighting or underwater breathing. Warning: The CSE SR-100 has been designed by CSE and approved as an Escape Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (ESCBA) and should only be used to escape from atmospheres Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH). CAUTION – Indicates a potential hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury. WARNING – Indicates a potential hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. SAFETY GUIDELINES – DEFINITIONS SAFETY TERMINOLOGY. The following symbols are utilized throughout this manual to help you recognize safety related to the SR-100. THIS MANUAL MUST BE READ COMPLETELY BY ALL INDIVIDUALS USING, INSPECTING OR PROVIDING TRAINING FOR THE CSE SR-100. The CSE SR-100 will perform as designed only if it is maintained and used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and regulatory standards. FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS AND REGULATIONS COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH. SR-100 SAFETY GUIDELINES Page 35 of 86 23 22 Notes: Page 36 of 86 iii Warning: The SR-100 and carrying pouch should be kept clean. Do not submerge the SR-100 in water or use petroleum solvents to clean. Warning: Avoid direct contact between the breathing bag and open flames or chemicals during use. Warning: The SR-100 is intended as a one time use only product, once the unit is opened it is considered spent and should be disposed of properly. Warning: Never attempt to use a damaged SR-100, unit already removed from service or that does not meet inspection criteria. Warning: The unit must temporarily be removed from service if the internal temperature of the unit drops below 320F. Once the internal temperature rises above 320F the unit may be returned to service. Warning: Remove the SR-100 from service if any of the following conditions exist: top or bottom moisture indicator is not blue, the security seal is broken, the unit was exposed to temperatures above 130°F and the temperature indicator is red, or show indications of physical abuse (crushed, burnt, visible puncture holes, substantial cracks dents, or any other visible signs of trauma.) Warning: Do not attempt to talk while wearing SR-100, maintain a tight seal on mouthpiece and nose clip. Try to communicate via hand signals or writing. Warning; Never remove the mouthpiece unless you have reached fresh air or you are replacing the unit you are wearing with a changeover unit. SR-100 SAFETY GUIDELINES: Continued iv Warning: Do not introduce petroleum based liquids or flammable liquids into the unit. The chemical (potassium super oxide) in this unit is not combustible but it can ignite flammable liquids when they come in contact. Warning: Only a trained and qualified individual may perform the 90 day ASMD inspection of the CSE SR-100. Warning: The user should perform the daily inspection of the CSE SR-100 prior to carrying the unit. SR-100 SAFETY GUIDELINES: Continued Serial No. Date Bottom Temperature Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Top Indicators Inspector’s Name Page 37 of 86 Pass/Fail 90-Day ASMD INSPECTION DATA LOG BOOK 21 20 Serial No. Date Bottom Temperature Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Top Indicators Pass/Fail 90-Day ASMD INSPECTION DATA LOG BOOK Inspector’s Name Page 38 of 86 This Test is to be repeated on each SR-100 at least every 90Days. 1 By attaching the ASMD to the front center of the SR-100, a simple shake test can be performed by shaking the unit in an up and down motion, several times. A LED indicator on the ASMD will inform the user as to whether the unit passes the criteria to remain in service. Any unit which does not meet the criteria must be removed form service. Designed to be used by SR-100 operators, the Acoustic Solids Movement Detector (ASMD) was created as a non-destructive method to detect changes in the chemical bed of the SR-100, either through misuse or normal wear and tear. Although, in most cases the trauma can be seen, there are times when the SR-100 does not show significant damage, therefore this manual is to be used as a reference guide for the proper usage and care of the SR-100. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ACOUSTIC SOLIDS MOVEMENT DETECTOR (ASMD) 2 SR-100 Pouch New SR-100 without carrying pouch and with approved carrying pouch. The carrying pouch should be loose fitting so that the unit may be easily removed when needed in an emergency. CSE SR-100 DAILY INSPECTIONS CRITERIA: Serial No. Date Bottom Temperature Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Top Indicators Inspector’s Name Page 39 of 86 Pass/Fail 90-Day ASMD INSPECTION DATA LOG BOOK 19 18 Serial No. Date Bottom Temperature Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Top Indicators Pass/Fail 90-Day ASMD INSPECTION DATA LOG BOOK Inspector’s Name Security band has been become slack, unattached, or unfastened. If the top and bottom moisture indicators of either indicator is white, pink or damaged do not attempt to use. If the temperature indicator, located on the side of the unit is red, do not attempt to use. Security band is secure. Top and bottom moisture indicators are blue. Temperature indicator, located on the side of the unit should be pink or white. 3 Signs of significant trauma (beyond normal wear and tear) such as substantial dents in the top and bottom covers or substantial dents, breaks or punctures in the orange plastic outer cover. If the unit has been crushed, burnt, or suffered any damage that cause the security strap to become slack , unattached, or unfastened No signs of significant trauma. (Beyond normal wear and tear.) Page 40 of 86 Top and bottom cover seals are cut, split or displaced. Top and bottom cover seals are properly aligned. Top and bottom covers are prop- Top and bottom covers are jarred or miserly aligned. aligned. Date of Manufacture, if date exceeds 10 years. Remove from Service Remain in Service Date of Manufacture, less than 10 years FAIL PASS Check for the following items: Readiness of the SR-100 is confirmed visually, at any time, by quickly checking the indicators and general condition of the unit prior to entering the workplace. DAILY VISUAL INSPECTION: CSE SR-100 DAILY INSPECTION CRITERIA 4 differ slightly * Actual color shade may *FAIL *PASS Moisture Indicator slightly. Fail indicates unit has been subjected to temperatures exceeding 130°F. * Actual color shade may differ *FAIL *PASS Temperature Indicator CSE SR-100 DAILY INSPECTIONS CRITERIA: Continued Serial No. Date Bottom Temperature Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Pass/Fail Top Indicators Inspector’s Name Page 41 of 86 Pass/Fail 90-Day ASMD Where required by law or regulation, a responsible person should inspect the unit and record the findings in a log or data book. At minimum, the serial number, inspection date, indicator colors, and the inspector’s name should be noted. INSPECTION DATA LOG BOOK 17 16 SCSR - Self Contained Self Rescuer PWSCSR - Pearson Wearable Self Contained Self Rescuer O2 - Oxygen NIOSH - National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health MSHA– Mine Safety and Health Administration LiOH - Lithium Hydroxide KO2 - Potassium Super Oxide IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health ESCBA - Escape Self Contained Breathing Apparatus EPA - Environmental Protection Agency EGRESS - to go or come out CO2 - Carbon Dioxide ASMD - Acoustic Solids Movement Detector APPENDIX II:GLOSSARY Page 42 of 86 5 These three units have been in service for approximately six years and show the typical signs of normal wear and tear. The plastic dust covers are abraded on the corners and along the edges. There are also some dents in the top and bottom stainless steel covers. However, the security bands are in place and the color indicators are blue, indicating no ingress of moisture. The two seals between the top and bottom covers and the chemical canister appear to be securely in place. These units pass the daily and 90day visual inspection criteria. Criteria for Units to Remain to Service CSE SR-100 DAILY INSPECTIONS: 6 These wear points are the result of abrasion and minor impacts that do not adversely affect the SR-100 performance. These units may remain in service if they pass the remainder of inspection criteria. Wear Points This unit’s condition shows normal wear and tear. The abraded corner on the plastic cover and minor dent in the stainless steel top cover do not cause the unit to fail visual inspection. The unit may remain in service if it passes the remainder of the inspection. Abraded Plastic Cover Abraded Plastic Cover Criteria for Units to Remain in Service CSE SR-100 DAILY INSPECTIONS: Page 43 of 86 15 6. The ASMD is powered with a 9V, field replaceable, battery. If for some reason the power does not come on, replace the battery. To replace the battery, remove the battery compartment cover from the ASMD case, lift pad and remove the battery from the compartment and separate the snap connector from the battery. Connect a fresh 9V battery to the snap connector and wrap it within the foam cushion. Holding the foam tightly against the battery, replace the battery compartment cover. If the power still does not come on, return the ASMD to CSE for repair. 5. If the RED LED is visible only once or twice on the first or second shake or not at all the SR-100 may be returned to service. If the RED LED lights up consistently while shaking, the SR-100 must be taken out of service. Please remember to test the SR-100 in a smooth up and down motion rather than violently shaking the unit which could cause unrelated noises and give a false reading. CSE SR-100 INSPECTION CRITERIA CONTINUED: 14 ( 2 )Pictures showing the position of the hands/arms during the shake test. 4. Hold the SR-100 firmly, placing one hand on the top and one hand on the bottom of the unit. Move the unit in a swinging up and down motion from shoulder to waist. This should be repeated four times in a smooth motion. ( look for the RED LED to flash on and off). CSE SR-100 INSPECTION CRITERIA CONTINUED: Warning: Never attempt to us a damaged SR-100 or unit already removed from service. All units displayed must be removed from service Examples of damaged units. Page 44 of 86 Damaged Units, Remove from Service CSE SR-100 DAILY INSPECTION: 7 8 Exposed Seals This unit must be removed from service. This unit has received a severe impact to its top cover. As a result, the top cover has a significant dent and the seal ring has been displaced. These units must be removed form service. Seals are protruding and security band out of alignment. Such conditions result from forceful impacts. Damaged Units, Remove from Service CSE SR-100 DAILY INSPECTION: Page 45 of 86 Picture showing location of Switch on the ASMD. 13 3. Now your SR-100 is ready to be checked using the Acoustic Solids Movement Detector (ASMD). Check the readiness of the ASMD unit by first turning the ASMD unit on and tapping the case with your finger. This makes a noise causing the red failure indicator to flash on and off. This will confirm the ASMD power switch is on.. 90 DAY VISUAL AND ASMD INSPECTIONS CONTINUED: CSE SR-100 90 DAY INSPECTION CRITERIA CONTINUED: 12 2. Slide the harness of the ASMD over the top metal lid and down the orange casing until the straps fit around the lid and case of the SR-100 (Covering the round CSE sticker). Now pull the two Velcro straps firmly through the buckle to tighten the ASMD against the SR-100. Continue to tighten the two straps until the foam of the rubberized sound sensor is slightly compressed, then secure the straps by attaching the Velcro Sections. Acoustic Solids Movement Detector Mounted on a SR-100 1. Remove your SR-100 from its carrying pouch. If difficulty is experienced in getting the SR-100 into or out of its carrying pouch, it can be cleaned with clean, cool water and air-dried. Do not use harsh chemicals or detergents on the pouch or the SR-100 unit. If a pouch wears out and is no longer serviceable, it must be replaced. 90 DAY VISUAL AND ASMD INSPECTIONS: This is the ASMD Test as detailed: CSE SR-100 90 DAY INSPECTION CRITERIA CONTINUED: This unit must be removed from service. This unit fails the visual inspection because its seal has been displaced and is protruding from under the stainless steel cover. Page 46 of 86 Exposed Seal Damaged Units, Remove from Service CSE SR-100 DAILY INSPECTION: 9 10 1. To activate the ASMD Spot Checker, plug its power adapter into a 120V outlet, insert the cord from the power adapter into the bottom of the ASMD spot checker and turn on the switch located next to the plug at the bottom of the unit. A green LED will light up to show the power is on. Picture of the ASMD Spot Checker The ASMD Spot Checker is used to check the calibration level of the Acoustic Solids Movement Detector (ASMD) making sure the ASMD’s red LED comes on at the designated noise level. ASMD SPOT CHECKER: Operating Instructions CSE SR-100 90 DAY INSPECTION CRITERIA: Page 47 of 86 2. If the red LED is not visible when tested with the ASMD Spot Checker, the ASMD must be removed from service and returned to CSE for repair. 11 1. Turn on the power switches of both the ASMD and the ASMD Spot Checker. Join the units at their rubber cones, squeeze the cones together so as to compress the foam pad attached to the ASMD rubber cone. At this time the red LED should be visible in the ASMD top panel. If the red LED is visible you are ready to begin using the ASMD. This check of the ASMD should be performed once each day you are going to evaluate SR-100’s for noise. Checking ASMD with ASMD Spot Checker 3. The ASMD Spot Checker should be returned to CSE every six months for calibration. 2. With the power on you will hear an audible sound emitting from the ASMD Spot Checker. If the audible noise is not heard, return the ASMD Spot Checker to CSE Corporation for repair. ASMD SPOT CHECKER: Operating Instructions CSE SR-100 90 DAY INSPECTION CRITERIA CONTINUED: Attachment 4 Illustrations Page 48 of 86 Table of Figures Figure 1 - PE-0039, Units -A and -B in Storage Box ....................................................................................... 3 Figure 2 - Unit PE-0039-A .............................................................................................................................. 4 Figure 3 - Unit A-02-A, as Received............................................................................................................... 4 Figure 4 - Unit PE-0088, as Received ............................................................................................................ 5 Figure 5 - Units PE-0101, PE-0108, PE-0110, PE-0111, PE-0197, and PE-0198, as Received ........................ 6 Figure 6 - Starter Plunger from Unit PE-0139-a , Showing Metal Shaving.................................................... 7 Figure 7 - Unit A-02-B, as Received (Unactivated) ........................................................................................ 8 Figure 8 - Unit A-02-C, as Received and Remaining Chemical ...................................................................... 9 Figure 9 - Unit A-02-D, as Received and Remaining Chemical .................................................................... 11 Figure 10 - Unit A-02-E, as Received and Remaining Chemical .................................................................. 13 Figure 11 - Unit A-02-F, as Received and Remaining Chemical .................................................................. 15 Figure 12 - Unit A-02-G, as Received and Remaining Chemical.................................................................. 17 Figure 13 - Unit A-02-H, as Received and Remaining Chemical .................................................................. 19 Figure 14 - Unit A-02-I, as Received and Remaining Chemical ................................................................... 21 Figure 15 - Unit A-02-J, as Received and Remaining Chemical ................................................................... 23 Figure 16 - Unit PE-0037, as Received and Remaining Chemical ................................................................ 25 Figure 17 - Unit PE-0027, as Received and Remaining Chemical ................................................................ 27 Figure 18 - Unit PE-0053, as Received and Remaining Chemical ................................................................ 29 Figure 19 - Unit PE-0046, as Received and Remaining Chemical ................................................................ 31 Figure 20 - Unit PE-0055, as Received and Remaining Chemical ................................................................ 33 Figure 21 - Unit PE-0025, as Received and Remaining Chemical................................................................ 35 Figure 22 - Unit PE-00130, as Received and Remaining Chemical .............................................................. 37 Figure 23 - Unit PE-0131, as Received ........................................................................................................ 38 Figure 24 - Unit PE-0101, as Received and Remaining Chemical ................................................................ 39 Page 49 of 86 Figure 1 - PE-0039, Units -A and -B in Storage Box Page 50 of 86 Figure 2 - Unit PE-0039-A Figure 3 - Unit A-OZ-A, as Received Page 51 of 86 Figure 4 - Unit PE-0088, as Received Page 52 of 86 Figure 5 - Units PE-0101, PE-0108, PE-0110, PE-0111, PE-0197, and PE-0198, as Received Page 53 of 86 Figure 6 - Starter Plunger from Unit Showing Metal Shaving Page 54 of 86 Figure 7 - Unit A-02-B, as Received (Unactivated) Page 55 of 86 i 'm ?1le Figure 8 - Unit A-02-C, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 56 0f 86 Page 57 0f 86 Figure 9 - Unit A-02-D, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 58 of 86 Page 59 0f 86 9" ?aw: Figure 10 - Unit A-02-E, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 60 0f 86 Page 61 0f 86 i Figure 11 - Unit A-02-F, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 62 of 86 Page 63 0f 86 Figure 12 - Unit A-02-G, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 64 of 86 Page 65 0f 86 Figure 13 - Unit A-02-H, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 66 0f 86 Page 67 0f 86 Figure 14 - Unit A-02-I, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 68 of 86 Page 69 0f 86 Figure 15 - Unit A-02-J, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 70 of 86 Page 71 of 86 Figure 16 - Unit PE-0037, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 72 of 86 Page 73 0f 86 Figure 17 - Unit PE-0027, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 74 of 86 Page 75 0f 86 Figure 18 - Unit PE-0053, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 76 of 86 Page 77 of 86 Figure 19 - Unit PE-0046, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 78 of 86 Page 79 0f 86 i1? Figure 20 - Unit PE-0055, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 80 of 86 Page 81 of 86 Figure 21 - Unit PE-0025, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 82 of 86 Page 83 0f 86 Figure 22 - Unit PE-00130, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 84 of 86 Figure 23 - Unit PE-0131, as Received Page 85 of 86 Figure 24 - Unit PE-0101, as Received and Remaining Chemical Page 86 0f 86 APPENDIX AN LIST OF PERSONNEL ASSISTING IN THE INVESTIGATION Appendix AN List of Personnel Assisting in the Investigation Mine Safety and Health Administration Personnel (Assisted in Conducting E01 Inspection and Accident Investigation Team Activities) District 1 Michael Dudash Mine Safety and Health Inspector District 6 James Adams Mine Safety and Health Inspector Silas Adkins Supervisory Mine Safety and Health Inspector Saul Akers Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Roof Control) Joeseph A. Armstrong Mine Safety and Health Inspector Robert Bates Supervisory Electrical Engineer Quentin D. Blair Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Electrical) Brian Dotson Supervisory Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Ventilation) Kenneth Fleming Mine Safety and Health Inspector Arnold Fletcher Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Electrical) Kenneth Fletcher Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Ventilation) David Hardin Mine Safety and Health Inspector Leland Hess Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Electrical) David Ison Supervisory Mine Safety and Health Inspector Barry Johnson Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Ventilation) Terry M. Jude Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Ventilation) Anthony Lucas Mine Safety and Health Inspector George Mann Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Roof Control) James Keith McElroy Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Electrical) Gerald W. McMasters Supervisory Mine Safety and Health Specialist (SI) Jeffrey Miles Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Health) James Newman Mine Safety and Health Inspector Randy Newsome Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Ventilation) Danny Pack Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Health) Craig Plumley Supervisory Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Ventilation) Lester Keith Preece Mine Safety and Health Inspector Ricky Runyon Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Roof Control) Jimmy Soard Mine Safety and Health Specialist Vernus Sturgill Supervisory Mine Safety and Health Inspector Robert Wise Mine Safety and Health Inspector Larry Wolford Mine Safety and Health Inspector Roger Workman Mine Safety and Health Inspector Donny Young Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Roof Control) District 7 Randall Lewis Patrick A. Stanfield Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Electrical) Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Electrical) District 8 Adron Wilson Supervisory Coal Mine Safety and Health Specialist (SI) MSHA Mine Emergency Unit Personnel (Assisted in Collecting Mine Dust Samples and Conducting Examinations) District 2 Thomas Bochna Jeffrey Hennessey David Leverknight Jeremy Williams Mine Safety and Health Inspector Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Ventilation) Mine Safety and Health Inspector Mine Safety and Health Inspector District 3 Josh Brady Ryan Carman Jeff Maxwell Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Roof Control) Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Ventilation) Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Electrical) District 5 James Duckworth John Hughes Clayton E. Sparks Paul Sutherland Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Ventilation) Mine Safety and Health Inspector Staff Assistant Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Health) District 6 Anthony Benton Nathan Mounts David Stepp Mine Safety and Health Inspector Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Health) Mine Safety and Health Inspector District 7 Charles L. Barton Dale Jackson Rick Suffridge Supervisory Mine Safety and Health Inspector Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Ventilation/Roof Control) Mine Safety and Health Inspector District 8 Shawn Batty Mine Safety and Health Inspector District 9 Russ Bloomer Randy Gunderson Mine Safety and Health Inspector Mine Safety and Health Inspector District 10 Rodney Adamson Mine Safety and Health Inspector (Electrical) District 11 Rodney Williams Mine Safety and Health Inspector Educational Policy and Development Fred Martin Mine Safety and Health Specialist (Training) Pittsburgh Safety and Health Technology Center (Assisted in Underground Evaluations and Testing) Edward Arnold George Aul Dennis Beiter Virgil Brown David Chirdon Kim Diederich Steven Dubina Dustin Hinchman William Kelly Robert Penigar Mark Pompei Jason Reichart Mark Schroeder Christina Stalnaker John Urosek Matthew Wharry Industrial Hygienist Geologist Mining Engineer Mine Safety and Health Specialist Program Manager Intrinsic Safety New Technology Development Mining Engineer Electronics Engineer Mining Equipment Compliance Specialist Mining Equipment Compliance Specialist Engineering Technician Mining Engineer General Engineer Supervisory Mining Engineer Industrial Hygienist Mine Emergency Response Coordinator General Engineer Approval and Certification Center (Assisted with Testing) Kenneth Darby Michael Hockenberry Robert Holubeck Frank J. Prebeg Derrick Tjernland Electrical Engineer Fire Protection Engineer Electrical Engineer Electrical Engineer Senior Fire Protection Engineer National Mine Health and Safety Academy (Assisted with Photography and Audio/Visual Productions) Jon Braenovich Jason Brown Diane L. Carr Theodore Farrish Glen Poe Donald Starr William E. Walker Training Instructor (Roof Control) Information Technology Specialist Audio/Visual Production Specialist Training Specialist Training Instructor (Roof Control) Manager, Department of Instructional Materials Audio/Visual Production Specialist West Virginia Office of Mine Health Safety and Training William A. Tucker Monte R. Hieb Barry L. Koerber Barry C. Fletcher Kendall R. Smith John P. Scott McKennis P. Browning Johnny L. Kinder Danny L. Jarrell John T. O’Brien H. Dwight McClure Russell E. Manning Charles D. Hill Steven G. Stanley Raymond M. Cox Ralph E. Tanner James H. Hodges John W. Cruse Terry L. Farley Philip W. Adkins Administrator Chief Engineer Assistant Attorney General District Inspector Chief Electrical Inspector Electrical Inspector Inspector-at-Large Inspector-at-Large Assistant Inspector-at-Large Assistant Inspector-at-Large District Inspector District Inspector Electrical Inspector Electrical Inspector Electrical Inspector District Inspector Safety Instructor Technical Analyst Administrator Safety Instructor Governor’s Independent Investigation Panel (GIIP) J. Davitt McAteer, Esq. Katherine Beall, Esq. James A. Beck, Jr. Patrick C. McGinley, Jr., Esq. Celeste Monforton, DrPH, MPH Debbie Roberts Beth Spence Suzanne M. Weise, Esq. GIIP, Team Leader Vice President, Wheeling Jesuit University Certified Public Accountant Project Manager Wheeling Jesuit University Professor Wheeling Jesuit University Professional Lecturer George Washington University Paralegal, Program Assistant Wheeling Jesuit University Coalfield Specialist American Friends Service Committee Lecturer in Law Supervising Attorney, West Virginia University