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 New Zealand Intelligence if\iV/Hf?
  
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Briefing to th?egymcomi?gy
 
   (0-) 
a ?1  
me I Miter ?x
??24  C?x  .
Xx .
Security and

4/
InteJIJI'gencc-x 
giftim  
/Wster<i?f?harge of the NZ Security
Service

ister Responsibie for the GCSB



 

Briefing to the incoming Minister Page 1

Ila 

NEW-ZEALAND INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY .

 

National security is a government?s first priority. But the New Zealand Intelligence
Community?s (NZIC) role in helping you achieve this can seem odd and impenetrable.
To help explain the NZIC we have used the following five key questions:

in What should you be worried about (the domestic and regional threatscape)? 
in What does the intelligence community actually do?    V, 
ll How well placed are we to respond to national security    
I 
a What are your roles and responsibilitiesWhat should you be worried abo,  hedamefst?Ic-cand-reglonal
threatscape)? \w

We think that there are six security problemsgh?itiyou shoulcRrejally worry about;

 ?d -. 
-.

IAtthet?ep-ofour prides is ensuring that our
capabilities to detect and prevent jonshorel. tarro'rism can meet the rapidly evolving
risks in this area.      

I .. -.II.  

In summary the six threats are: 

ViolentjexisPQ?ism in Nativ?elaland and bv New Zealanders
EN. 
  
. I  :51? J, .
--L_oss of Informaaentand data, mainly Vla cyber
   --  yxj?be fhis IS happening now, Significant
 comprd'misles?ef major New Zealand companies and government departments.

Tlh??capabilities are getting easier to acquire, and are easy to combine with
insi??/I?ireats. This is potentially a real drag on our economy, our reputation
the integrity of Government.

Hostile intelligence operations in and against New Zealand.
including industrial espionage against New Zealand
. companies and targeting of New Zealanders by foreign governments
This is slow and insidious, but is likely to be highly
damaging to New Zealand in the long-term.

Mass arrivals.

s. 

 

Briefing to the Incoming Minister page 2

I NEW ZEALAND commumrv

 

a Trans-national organised crime. This includes drugs, money laundering and
illegal fishing in our maritime domain. Such activity is facilitated by an open
economy, the internet, and established networks among migrant communities.

Ill instability in the South_P_ac_ifi_c 

The wider context is important too. These threats do not emerge in isolation, butin 
national and global context that includes:   

a Rapid social change in New Zealancl. Significan't-m'igtation to New zeala?nd,
combined with the ageing of the New Zealanipo'puiation, isncreati?g'. 
communities with distinct identities Aucakian'dgspecially is
now a very ethnically diverse city (probabiys'ecend only to Toronto in the world),
and the Christchurch rebuild is alsobri?ijifgi?ng?in newnmigiiantsr 

Technological change." The ?rjt?rnet dg?smt-erk like a telecommunications
system, but moreliit??an/ocean no respect for international
borders. This states to create a
national intranet: Ibeiintemetis contested between states and is already an area
of conflict, hesitates.? an in terms of the economic and social
behaviourthatfit allows $17; 

axe-r  The auti-rorismg enVIronment,
 Gogernments in the West are entrusted with national security but are sometimes
pro/{trusted by some of their own people with the tools and institutions needed
 that security. Public explanation and acceptance are significant
for Western governments, which none of us are dealing with
l/r-w well.

An increasingly challenging global context. intelligence, through both
collection and assessment based on that collection, plays a critical role in helping
the Government to make sense of an increasingly complex and chalienging
global environment, both economicain and as a respected global
citizen. intelligence assists decision-makers to recognise and understand the
risks to and opportunities for advancing New Zealand?s interests.

 

Briefing to the incoming Minister Page 3





I.



 Website our capabilities: to underpin and support the activities of law enforcement





New ZEALAND INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY.

 

Some of these issues are plainly beyond New Zealand?s ability to influence, let alone
shape. But they are all issues that form part of the operating landscape forthe 
and within which New Zealand?s national security policies, institutions and'praizt?ices
need to be placed/9Qx
2. What does the Intelligence community actua?ii ?doikji

The NZIC's functions are set out in statute and other accountability document'nghe
nature of those documents means that they are typicallyiburea'ucratic andilbxigiv?lfljevel
descriptions and they do not give you a sense day. insi'u?mlmary,
the reason New Zealand has an intelligence community-ism: 3



a Help keep Kiwis safe (for example, thg?ats?bhame and
abroad) -    

a Help protect and grow the economy? or enabling cyber
security) -. .  -

I: Provide foreign intelligence-and assessment-L,  

. 
KeepIng safe  - .- . . I. 
This includes givi?ngtheiGGvernment the?ability to covertly investigate and respond to
significant These~th?eats include terrorism, proliferation of weapons
of mass deisit?tu?tidn, and cyber espionage (both against the Government and against
economic entities in New we do this alone, such as investigating
potentiaglxtenje?rism leadsgbut?often our role is to support other government

departments.   

?agencies This can be through the provision of core intelligence or by
undertake their work (for example, helping Police execute a

for which they do not have the tools to successfully implement).
. (T
- 

iaving an int??igence community means that

 

vi; r?

and advanced capainitieSTinnot have to be duplicated or held by agencies
\Kdthat do not use them often.

Protecting and growing the economy

This includes our work to help Government and key economic companies to protect
their information, assets and people. Project CORTEX is a key outreach initiative for
information security. But we also play a vital role in ensuring the people who can see
the most sensitive information the Government holds can be trusted this is our

 

Briefing to the Incoming Minister Page 4




 

I I NEW ZEALAND INTELLIGENCE 

vetting service. We make sure that national security buildings are physically secure and
that we have secure communications.

if we don?t look after our information properly, it will be taken by other countries or
criminal groups. We know this because they try to do it now. The loss oftheiab?ility to  -
keep our own secrets would affect our ability to think through our own itoreign!policy  g" . I
position, undertake international and other negotiations by oursel/v?Egco?dbc?t our  
parliamentary policy and political processes free from interferepfejgndultimately tabla
act in our own interests, including through the use of the NZDF and-the NZ Police. 

We are a small country that values and benefits from syste'msb?e?d on
the rule of law. New Zealand has an international reputation that-is largeF-tha?nipur
actual size or geographic position would suggest. Weica'izfoi?ydo this because other
countries trust us to keep the information they a ?Fegwi'th?us secret-?vifehaVe to be
able to keep their confidences, otherwise thei'yyilkpo?ka beyond
the Five Eyes, and takes in all of the to have?gl?iplo'n?iatic relations
with, trade with, and take collective actidnwitijjpn? the world stage."

I . 

Foreign intelligence and asses/aggr?foreign
intelligence, and the a?ssess_m?ntof er'k'nowing what is going on in the world,
whether that be and economic instability, or security
issues. New Zeala global Zealanders are global travelers. We
need to issues that matter to us.

 A 
malfesfagimportant contribution to our understanding of both the
brofafder trends at specific issues decision-makers are confronted with on
ln thi-s?ro??fhE fundamental business of intelligence is helping the New
?(?a?alarnt?l Government td? make sense ofthe world. By so doing it helps decision-makers
 manage medium and long-term, to our interests.
Covertactiwty
a
/_jliflu\: >ofthe activity described above has a covert element. Covert activity is a
("Gratessary part of a government's toolkit.





 

Briefing to the Incoming Minister Page 5

 

I NEW ZEALAND-INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

3. How well placed are we to respond to national security
threats?

We have been subject to a range of internal and external reviews. Last year we
underwent a Performance improvement Framework (PIF) review. This highlighted the

organisational changes we need to make to better serve you.  A I
There is a driving force to create a morejoined-up intelligence  
recognising that effective sight on threats and integrated responsesyregui?reh?nuch    \jif
. . . . 1? 
more collaboration between agencnes. More than this. elven theft/anger and volume of?. 
potential threats to New Zealand interests,    

1a better intelligence prioritisation?ystem is 
developed'll 
All three organisations have extenswe change prog-ran'irnes' 
projects to improve compliance systems, customer-
I . 
focused, and Improve governance and 

We also have projects underway to maintain-awed Upgrade.\our% pa?oilities to meet new

-xkiA

and evolving threats. Chief among those?p?ro?jeijfs  
"if! I x. .

I 

I Project CO government and key private
sector entities(PSR) helping the public sector and Crown
I "entities to keeptheir-information, assets and people safe.

xv. 

you?w?fd?tailed briefings on these projects as required.
 
on organisational improvement and the need to upgrade our capabilities
"have putfh?ntelligence community under financial pressurerecap, the principles we are using to make our prioritisation decisions
are:

a The safety of New Zealand and New Zealanders is paramount.

 

 

Brie?ng to the Incoming Minister Page 6

 

I I   NEW ZEALAND 

ta We need to maintain faith with our staff.

13 We should not contemplate short?term savings that compromise important long?
term capability.

is We should work together to create efficiencies and reduce dupiicatiort wherever


we can. 
i

a 

a We should be mindful of our relationships with our external stakeholders and,

partnersx/(Vl\ \l AA- 
 I \xiWhat we need to do in 2015 ?2015 I 
. - "x 

We need to finish what is?fnuch more to do.

 the Act is in dire need of updating
and modernisation. Whilej't-he GCSlii-att'was recently amended, it too requires further
work to we need to build public trust and
confidence inthe intelligence cpmm?nit?

The three moistisigl-nificant activitiesd-uring the 2014 2017 period will be the the
the 2015 statutory review

 
The gird/toryfgevi?ew of the intelligence agencies, their legislation and the oversight
ar/rain "frfents must commence before BOJune 2015. The Government response to
th?t/ri?vi?vt should provide a sound basis on which to develop new legislation. We also
 as an opportunity to help build public trust and confidence. We will provide
  with a separate briefing on the establishment of the review, but we recommend
?*xthat the terms of reference be prepared and reviewers identified so that work can
commence early in 2015. This will allow time for the review to be completed and
Parliament to complete consideration of any new legislation the meantime, the world will not stop and wait for us to complete our work. The
threats and risks addressed by the can change quickly,

Our response to the PIF will make us more alert and more
nimble in our leadership and management. We will continue to monitor emerging

 

Briefing to the Incoming Minister Page 7

II

 

-  INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

threats and propose responses to you; a current example is foreign fighters. You may
wish to look at new powers to address this threat ahead of any legislation coming out
of the 2015 review. However, there are also options to incorporate that into the review


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International alliances are fundamental to how the NZIC functions. Mew-jlzeala'nd could  ?3
not hope to deliver the current level of security and Our 
most significant relationship is with the Five Eyes partnership 1'  g" 

<7 

y, . ?3

The Five Eyes partnership has been central to New 
and security since World War ll. The partnership a 
venture to share effort and results in code break-Eng makingijniivartime.
From that experience a much wider frameworkfor cdo'peratiog has evoked, involving
all aspects of security and intelligenceIn. 

What does the Five Eyes actually provsldeynd what are our

obligations? a



.1 .7 
At a technical level, the really advanced technology that
New Zealand could nectar hopelto emulate'h?ykitself. This includes the best

access cyberseCL?irity, intelligence and assessment Information.
 {xv 
We alsoxget act 55 to programmes. professional standards, free
consultancy/and 1  2: Doing without the Five Eyes
whatever we soent. it would deliver less. We could not
re phage?thexlt;
   A l\  :51, . and the
system is certainly more than New Zealand could ever
x? 
contemplate}?-

?F?x?x'x

yr" y" x-Kr/l
no I

kh/

 

Briefing to the Incoming Minister Page 8

II 



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5.

 

New ZEALAND COMMUNITY



\roles and respo?s-liirlitles

xx

Prime Minister and Minister of 



1? I .
The NZIC is part of the widerxnationlal, security national security sector has

two broad groupings:


A i i



Security and MFAT, NZDF and Ministry of

Defence, Policegand Customsot  

Readiness 'ah?lr?sponsegwh?i??fdeals with civil defence and emergency

.
x\ .





ma a?e enta
rigPrime Min?is and Mjii?liste-IIQQTC National Security and Intelligence, you lead the
nati?nakseoufity system?Thiszinciudes responsibility for the overall policy settings and



.,and?the Officials igprriestic and External Security Committee (ODESC - to be renamed
thekjfc'han?gg?p?the Cabinet Committee structure), which is chaired by the Chief

 . ?x . . .
Legislative frame,work??orcthe sector. The mechanisms that support you In this role are
he'C?binet chair (the new National Security Committee of Cabinet),

Execytfit?bePMC. The Security and intelligence Group of DPMC supports the ODESC
system??nd also has the responsibility of leading thejoined up approach of the NZIC.
?sx??imemnister you are also responsible for the National Assessments Bureau.

H.



. . . .
Qt: lfnow this framework by experience; on the emergency Side you Will recall the

nterbury earthquakes, and on the security and intelligence side through terrorist
responses and New Zealanders in difficulty overseas, amongst other challenges.

addition to maintaining sight on risks, planning future capabilities, and responding

to issues as they arise, the ODESC system has responsibility for intelligence community
planning and performance management.

You have particular responsibilities as Prime Minister under the and GCSB Acts
and the oversight legislation. They include:

 

Briefing to the Incoming Minister

Page 9

 

a Recommending the appointment of the two Directors (the State Services
Commission supports the process, but the decision is yours).

a Chairing the Intelligence and Security Committee.

Ei

Recommending the appointment of the inspector-General and Deputyifnspector-
General of intelligence and Security, and Commissioner of Securitywarrants.

 
  

Minister responsible for GCSB and Minister in charge of   



Some of your responsibilities as Minister for the GCSB and $2555 amt-he same:a? for". 
any other Minister, including oversight of the agencies, aridanswering 
House.       

 

The agencies? statutes contain specific information-abouttl'ierole of-tiie?ister. The
NZSIS Act defines the Minister as "the Minister the Act
defines the Minister as "responsible for statutory
provisions that say the functions of the of the
Minister". In short this means: 

You have the final say aboutthe focus ?ch ourefcht?f?hd what kind of functions
we perform. We will malgejs Retyou have suffitien?txinformation about the
threats, the intelligence the resourc?es?a'vailable, and the options for
organising and resoufrtesf'so that you can make informed

decisions as thejMini?st?r. 
The two the operational aspects of the
departrnent?>?p 



- - 

.. . 
Although ?SfMlir?iis-tet you will no?tr?g?enerally be involved in the operational activities of
the agencies;_yjbudo have\sorn__e specific functions under the two statutes that relate to
of these is the approval of warrants and
a?tkhorisations for and NZSIS. As part of this role, you can decide where
 boundaries lie (those not already set by legislation) and, through the
\x m?pbsition how we might carry out some aspects of these warrants and


. I - .
warrant?r'and authorisations provrde the legal authority for much of our more
sensitiviexeperational activity. Once we have the authority of a warrant or we conduct
fa-njxosfof that activity without further reference to you.

I
II
. I
. 
 





 

Briefing to the Incoming Minister Page 10

1/ I 
f? i





 INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

 

II.

How we keep you briefed and up to date

Depending on Ministerial requirements and subiect to ODESC oversight

especiain the
FIFA Under 20 World Cup and the Cricket World Cup, both of which will in
the first haif of 201 5.   

We would value an initial disgussion with you and your offices about howr?vou would 
jke the relationship to work. - xv   
. @nge?you havefde.ci?ieq on
group disfussjh?pw 'we

can best support those meetingshave been workIng on ways to .    
I.  -. ?t  



Engagement with the  

We have been plan to better inform the public
of what we do and We have established a small
communications ma?a?{support the thr'eecere?NZiC agencies. There has been a lot of
work setting up supporting the Directors and
DPIVIC Chief Execut'wejw?ith publif?engiager?ents, establishing relationships with media
and other government a NZIC website with information
from the three'com'agencies in on'e?place.

The new-initiatives we include in depth background briefings to
opportunities for the Directors, greater discussion of
aide,?  r" 
(to: Twill engage-withtyom offices as the programme develops. This external
?xepgagemgergtqugis..'is new for us and it goes against the cultural DNA of our
are stiil grounded in the "need to know" principle. Your support
an neporagement would be very helpful.
 
with the Leader of the Opposition and Parliament




\q 4 . . . I
 recognItIon Is gIven to the role of Leader of the OppOSItIon In the GCSB and
 Acts. This reflects the traditional ?bipartisan? approach to national security.

5. a( or jug

A bipartisan approach is particularly important during the
passage of legislation, when investment is needed, or when responding to emerging
situations.

 

Briefing to the incoming Minister Page 11


I I ZEALAND INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

s. ol (ziriyc? 

a 
{CV/ism 



 \?~er
5. ex. -  
 Kim?33? 

Ir ?x   kw
Summary .. a  
I L.  .

Overall, we are very optimi?tic-ja?oufthe dirtatti?h?otthange the community has taken.
The told us we hayealonEway to tragel, attd'mlre have an extensive change

programme underwayifj?i 
,1 

?1

The threats are undoubtedly growing (not least the
risks of onqu11ejvi_9lent extremismaijd cyber security). Some of these threats we have
never seen is to gr?igi these up and help you ensure the national
securitypf?N much look forward to working with you and for you
forth ex?e Bee?s. 

. IR 
I -   
.2517?" 

I . [All 
- I I

 

?a 
?rgowf 2rd Broad Ian Fletcher Rebecca Kitteridge

 Chief Executive, DPMC Director, GCSB Director of Security, 

 

Briefing to the incoming Minister Page 12