Association of Tennis Professional ?lnves?ga?on ATPtennis.com Report into suspicious betting The Orange Prokom Open Tournament Sopot, Poland 2"?l August 2007 Nikolay Davydenko Martin Vassallo Arguello Contents THE ORANGE PROKOM OPEN TOURNAMENT SOPOT POLAND INTRODUCTION 1. This report relates to an investigation into suspicious betting activity, surrounding an Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) tour match In the above tournament The match took place on Thursday 2"d August 2007 and was between the Russian player, Nikolay Davydenko and the Argentinean player, Martin Vassallo Arguello. The ATP was notified of the suspicious betting activtty by betting company Betfair in line with the memorandum of understanding that exists between the two organisations. At the start of this tournament, Davydenko was ranked in world tennis and Vassallo Arguello ranked 87. Havmg won the first set 672 Davydenko then lost the second set 3*6. In the third set, Davydenko retired whilst trailing 1--2, blaming an injury that had required treatment during the course of the second and third set. As the defending champion from the 2006 Sopot tournament and the number one seed Davydenko was at the start of the tournament clear favourite to win the tournament, Betfair, reported ten times the volume of money on what is a relatively 'Iow grade' tournament With very limited television coverage. Betfair's administrators became so concerned about the betting patterns that they took the unprecedented step of voiding all the bets on the match After seeking the advice from the British Horseracing Authority (BHA), (who has previous experience of dealing with betting related corruption), the ATP immediately launched a full investigation into the match BACKGROUND TO THE EVENTS ON THE DAY OF THE MATCH 5. At 14.09 on 2"d August 2007, the Betfair Integrity Team telephoned Gayle Bradshaw, the Executive VicerPresident, (Rules and Competition) of the ATP at his office in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida USA. The purpose of the call was to express their concern about the betting patterns that were emerging on an ongomg ATP tennis match between Nikolay Davydenko and Martin Vassallo Arguello in the Prokom Open Tournament taking place in Sopot, Poland Betfair were making the call under the terms of the Memorandum of Understanding that they had in place with the ATP As the match was still in the first set. havm started at 14.03 hrs), Gayle Bradshaw immediately contacted the ATP Player Services Manager and the ATP Tournament Supervisor both of whom were at Tournament Having taken account of what Gayle 10. 11. Bradshaw had to say about the call from Betfalr' both officials went directly to the Court to observe the remainder of the match By the time they took up their positions Davydenko had won the first set 6-2 (see paragraph later for their observations on the match) The course of the match changed in the second set when Davydenko appeared to be suffering from an injury for which he required treatment and was won 673 by Vassallo Arguello. The players were only 3 games into the third set (and final set) when Davydenko retired through injury, at this stage he was 1--2 down. At 15 57 immediately after the match had finished, the Eetiair Senior Management Team made the unilateral decision (the ATP were not consulted) to suspend the market settlement on all bets pending an internal investigation. The foliowmg morning an internal meeting took place between the senior management of Betfair and after consulting their integrity team who had been monitoring all betting activities on the match they decided to void the Betiair market in its entirety. in a subsequent press release that day Betfair managing director Mark Davies said. "We think the market quite clearly wasn't fair, the prices seemed very odd. As a result. in the interest of fairness and integrity and in consultation with the ATP, we have decided to void the market and return all stakes to {bettors) it's the first time the company has taken such a step in any sport. Davies said Bet-fair would turn over its belting records for the ATP to investigate" Betiair has subsequently informed the investigation team that the rationale behind the decision to void the entire market was taken because, in their words, 'The betting movements (especra/Iy that ineplay) were perverse compared with what was actually happening in the match and those moving the market (the large Russian accounts) were heavily connected, mainly through computer sharing' (see later for more detail). TOURNAMENT OFFICIALS OBSERVATIONS ON THE MATCH 12. 13 ATP Match Mohammed Lahyani - Um ire' His first statement was made by ema on the 5' August 2007 at the request of Gaer Bradshaw. - was also interViewed at The ATP Masters in Madrid by- and Paul Beeby in October 2001-- -mail together with the notes of the interview in October can be found at --is a very experienced and very well respected umpire on the ATP Tour. He has been a full time Umpire for 10 years and prior to that hepart time Umpire and linesman. _stated that he noticed during the first set Davydenko was playing well and had not made any unforced errors. He further commented that Davydenko played some unbelievably good shots and he could have seen him going on to Win 6-2 6* 2. recalled the game well and how at 1-0 down in the second set Davydenko asked to see the trainer at that changeover. --asked him why he needed the trainer; Davydenko stated he was suffering with an ankle problem Up until this point--had seen no sign of iniury. At 271 down in the Set Davydenko received a 'medical time out' for a period of 3 minutes. The ATP trainer-- taped his ankle During the next two chan eovers. at 3-2 and 52 down he received Changeover treatment lromhfor 1 minute for each session. - noted that having received treatment Mr Davydenko was not moving as freely as he was in the first set. However he was still making some good shots although he was now missing some easy shots. --thought that after iosing the second set Mr Davydenko would continue to play on He had made no further contact With --until he was about to call 'tirne'. Davydenko again asked for the trainer, - _informed him that as he had already received treatment for his foot. plus two changeover treatments and as such was not entitled to further treatment. At this point, Davydenko told him his problem was now with his toe -- told Davydenko he would have to wait until the next changeover as the set break was over and Arguello was ready to serve --adVised the tournament supervisor -- by radio that Davydenko wanted further treatment He also stated that it would have to be the trainers' decision as to whether it would be a Medical Time Out (MTO) as had not seen any further incident which would lead to injury. At 170 down in the final set the trainer decided to give an MTO for injury to Mr Davydenko's toe At 172 down the trainer again came on court to talk with Davydenko. After the regulatory 1 minute time. the trainer left the court but Davydenko remained on his chair Vassallo Arguello was ready to serve Mr Davydenko was asked by if he had heard time being called. It was at this point Mr Davydenko told the umpire that he could not continue. The match was called 'Game Set and Match' to Vassallo Arguello . Having made the call--noted there was adverse reaction from the crowd -tated that in his opinion he did not show any sign of tanking during the whole match and the crowd did not react. if he did tank the match he did it in a professional way and with style. -- ATP Tour Sugervisor He is a very experienced supervisor and has also previously been a tour umpire He was requested to give his views on the match by Gayle Bradshaw and did so by e-mail the following day. He was also seen by Paul Beeby in Szczecin, Poland. - 20 His general responsibility is the day to day running of the tournament including daily player scheduling. He also makes the final decision in relation to any occurring problems during tournaments. Durin the tournament he was informed by the Tour Player Services Manager that there was an unusual amount of money being bet on the Davydenko vs Vassallo Arguello match As the match was still in progress so they both went to watch to see if the match was being played in a professional way 21 -- sat With-- opposlte the Umpire at the start of the second set At t>>2 down in the second set Davydenko asked for a medical time out for an injury and went on to receive treatment at the next 2 change over's for the same reason, an ankle problem. 22. At the start of the 3rd set Mr Davydenko wanted to see the physio again He apparentl needed treatment for the same leg but in a different place. The chairhtold him that he could not receive treatment again for the same injury. At the end of the first game which Mr Davydenko lost and during the break the physio came back on to court and gave Mr Davydenko an MTO for the injury to his toe. At the next changeover. With Mr Davydenko losing 1-2 the physio again spoke With him Shortly after this he decided to retire. 23 --was of the view that Davydenko played some good points but there were others where he didn't force himself 100% and in normal circumstances he could have played better. He also did not see any negative reaction from the crowd which he feels was an indication that they believed he was playing normally. 24. -- ATP Pla er Services Maria er He has been employed by the ATP for 11 years and as the Player Servtoes Manager he deals with all issues affecting the tournament players. He made a short mail statement for Gayle Bradshaw on the 18'" Au ust 200 He was also interViewed at the ATP Masters Tournament inh by --and Paul Beeby. -mail statement together with the notes of his interview in Madrid can be found at Tab 25. --stated that he often surfs betting internet sites including Betfair to see what betting patterns there are affecting tournament players. In relation to this match however he received a phone call from Gayle Bradshaw to alert him that there was suspicious betting on this match 26. --watched the match from the beginning of the z"i set in his view it was strange to see Mr Davydenko playing all return games In a very relaxed way and never getting close to break point. Mr Davydenko's effort in the Vassallo Arguello service games were not his best tennis. The shots were not as powerful or deep as you would expect Mr Vassallo Arguello was playing very safe and making no errors which is his usual style of play. He states that from the stands it was not possible to see the nature or the level of Mr Davydenko's injury He states that sometimes it seemed like he had no mayor issue. 27 --felt that Mr Davydenko was not concentrating on the match he also noted that he never has good results after Wimbledon. He also conceded that it you viewed the match in the context of betting there would be a temptation to say yes it probably was fixed' 28. -- ATP Match Referee; He was subsequently asked for his observations on the match by Gayle Bradshaw and his short statement can be found at The investigation team did not have an opportunity to interview him. 29. He stated that although he did not see the entire match in his opinion trom what he did see everything appeared to be normal During the second set, --says that Davydenko was not running properly after asking for and receiVing treatment 30 ATP Communications Manager; He was approached by Gayle Bradshaw at the request of the investigation team regarding the events surrounding the match. --sates did not watch the match, but did bring Davydenko to the press conference room and recorded an audio clip from him. He also recorded an audio clip from Vassallo Arguello in the locker room. Both tapes are available for turther examination it required although --stated that he did not see or hear anything out of the ordinary before or after the match (including what was said by the players) that could be of assistance in the progression of this investigation. OTHER INTERVIEWS AND STATEMENTS RELEVENT TO THE MATCH 31. -- - Sopot Tournament Director He is the founder of this tournament (in 2001) and has been the Director of the Tournament since that date In 2006 he claims the tournament achieved the status of 'an event of excellence. which coincided with the year Nikolay Davydenko first won the event. 32. --was interviewed by-and Paul Beebi at the ATP Masters in Madrid in October 2007. 33. --was totally unaware of the concerns regarding the betting pattern as he watched the game from the stands He spoke of how well 34 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. Davydenko played In the first set. However, as the second set progressed, Davydenko became slower and slower and was not finishing his shots He appeared to have trouble running and was not forcing points. After witnessing him withdraw in the third set, only thought was that it was due to the injury to his foot that had been attended to by the match trainer. When-- became aware of the concerns around the betting, he did not believe Davydenko would be involved in corrupt practices As a young player, he believes Davydenko had a lot to loose professionally and would not have deliberately forgone the agreed bonuses due to him for reaching the latter rounds of the competition. He states that Davydenko is contracted to play at the Sopot tournament for two years following his victory in 2006. He had no knowledge of Davydenko's brother Eduard, or any other members of his players support team. -- stated that he new of nothing untoward about Mr Davydenko's travel arrangements after he was eliminated from the competition. Specifically there is no indication that these arrangements were made prior to his retirement from the tournament. He also stated that the tournament matches were broadcast live on Polish and on the internet. He was also able to confirm that Mr Davydenko was receiving incentive bonuses for playing in the tournament but was not prepared to discuss what these were because of player confidentiality clauses. He was also said that some other players were also receivtng incentives although he confirmed that Mr Vassallo Arguello was not one of them. ATP physiotherapist Evidence regarding Davydenko's treatment during the Sopot tournament comes from an inten/iew with - -who is a fully qualified phySiotheraplst and for the ast two ears has attended ATP tournaments throughout the world -- has treated Davydenko at a number of tournaments and regards him as Individual who has a tendency to regard his injuries in a light hearted manner He believes that due to Davydenko's built body frame, he appears to pick up a lot of injuries, all of which in his experience are genuine. _reca||s Davydenko coming to see him some 20 minutes prior to his 15' round match on 315' July 2007 and told him that he had been having some trouble prior to the tournament with his left big toe and could he tape it for him. He cannot recall the details of what was said about this injury, or the treatment he had been receiving. _applied a'dick', so named due to its shape. that gave the toe some protection _could see no Visible signs of an injury, but when he pressed the underside of the toe 40, 41. 42 43. 44. 45. Davydenko told him it was sure Davydenko in the first round. This was the only time he treated Shortly before the start of the second round match on 2"d August 2007, Davydenko again saw in the treatment room and asked for the 'dick' support for his left foot and for treatment for his left ankle. was disappointed that Davydenko had again left it late to seek his assistance, but was able to pad the toe and tape the ankle prior to his round match against Martin Vassallo Arguello speaks of being asked to attend Davydenko on court when he was 2 -- 1 down in the second set haying won the first set Davydenko told _that the back of left ankle was painful and the toe on the same foot He was able to loosen his 'blocked' ankle and noted the toe was more 'irritated' than it had been prior to lhe match commencing. Two games later when Davydenko was losing 2 3. he again requested further treatment for the 'blocked' ankle and that the toe was still causing him pain. _treated Davydenko three times during the second set and on the third occasion, Davydenko told him the pain was Increasing and he was 'consrdering to retire'. Davydenko asked What's the paint of stayrng on, the hard court season is coming up" At the start of the third set, Davydenko again requested attention and told that his toe was painful and he was 'rea/Iy considering retiring'. attempted to pursued Davydenko to continue as he was the defending champion and that to continue to play would not cause him long term problems, but the final decision remains with (him the la er Based on his knowledge of professional tennis players, recalls Davydenko saying something that he considered to be strange, when he said, 'is this a medical reason to retire?' He told him he thought it was a medical reason and after playing 3 games of the final set he retired After retiring from the game Dav denko immediately attended a press conference and then sawi in the treatment room. Again - -was able to mobilise the left ankle and used ultra sound around the ainful area of his left toe The attending tournament Doctor, - hsuggested to Davydenko that he should have an x-ray. He declined this and it appeared he just wanted to leave the tournament area. --recalls a conversation with Davydenko during the 30th tournament that he had bought a Nokia mobile phone in China that enabled him to use two cards at the same time. Technically the possibility of using two SIM cards at the same time is unlikely, but could indicate Davydenko was using separate cards in one phone. 46. 47. Soto tournament Doctor In line with ATP rules, following his retirement from the mach, Davydenko was seen by the tournament Doctor, -- records on the ATP form that date of the onset of Davydenko's injury was 30.07.2007 and had started durin ractice, was ok to play, aggravated during match play. firecords his diagnose as being tendinitis of the flexor hallucis' and advrsed that he should -- receive ultra sound treatment 7 the takin of medication 7 manual therapy. The ATP certificate is signed by --and Davydenko. After having retired from the Sopot tournament on Thursday August 2007, Davydenko states that he went to seek advroe from his own doctor in Cologne. Report at Tab The report of Doctor med --. dated August 2007 states that Davydenko had been suffering from inflammation of the flexor tendon D1, left foot. It outlines the method of therapy as an infiltration of the flexor tendon D1 left foot using the local anaesthetic Procain 1% and 2.5ml Dexamethason OTHER MEDICAL AND PHYSIO 48. 49. 50 51 52 Following Davydenko's withdrawal from Sopot on August 2007. his next tournament appearance was in Montreal on commencing on August 2007. ATP medical report dated August 2007. indicate Davydenko was seen by Dr. Pierie Messier. In his report. the Doctor outlines that Davydenko had 'tried a cortisone injection 2 days ago With improvement (date of his Visit to -- in Cologne) but he still had some pain recommended further treatment 'non weightbearing over sesmaid bone' and for a follow up examination in 2 days with X-ray. Davydenko was seen by the Montreal tournament physician,-- -. on August 2007. Having retired from the previous touramnet in Sopot there was a requirement to show that Davydenko was fit to return to competition, The Doctor records that Davydenko had 'residual pain while jumping and landing on the left foot -- tenderness over medial part of 1" IVITP jo'rnt left foot (that) did not show any sign of pain during practice this morning. Following discussion With Davydenko. endorsed his fitness to return to competition on the 7th. and August 2007 prior to competition Davydenko received treatment by the ATP Trainer/Physio_. who taped his left foot and knee. All documents relating to Montreal can be found at Tab. Nikolay Davydenko like many other players including Martin Vassallo Arguello make use of the appornted ATP tournament Trainer/Physics prior 10 53to, during and after competition matches whilst at the tournament venue. Any treatment they receive is recorded by the Trainer/Physio on a Sports Medicine Trainer (SMT report) It treatment is received during a match the SMT completes a Medical Court Call Record (MCCR) A number of observations can be made in relation to relevant injuries/treatment to Nikolay Davydenko He retired from the Medibank international Tournament in Sydney. This was a warm tournament for the Australian Open. He retired after the 15' set againstfi which he lost 674. The injury was diagnosed as 'possible right tibiilar stress fracture. plus muscular strain' The medical documentation regarding this retirement can be found at Mr Davydenko not only went on to play in the Australian Open but reached the quarter final Between the Australian Open in January and up to and including an ATP tournament in Halle. Germany in early June 2007te June Davydenko played in 11 ATP Tour tournaments. This included 5 Masters series, He also played in The French Open at Roland Garos. Having examined documents from all of these tournaments it is clear that there were no reported injuiy problems. He had no retirements and on only one other occasion, Rotterdam in February 2007, did a trainer have to venture on to the court in order for him to receive any treatment whatsoever. He had no Medical Consultations at tournaments during this period. He was in receipt of regular Trainer/Physio treatment at tournaments however this was no different to hundreds of other layers including Martin Vassallo At the ATP Halie Tournament he did consult with the tournament Doctor on 2 separate occasions for reported injury to his left knee and achillies tendon This did not force his retirement. however he went out in the round. It is worthy of note that this was the tournament prior to Wimbledon. At Wimbledon he received SMT treatment only. He reported and received no treatment for injury. He reached the quarterfinal. Between Wimbledon and Sopot he played in 3 minor tournaments. He went out in the fiist round of each tournament. On one occasion at Amersfoort, Holland he sought a medical consultation. This was for a stomach oomplainl He went on to play in the next tournament in Umag. There were no suggestions from documents from these toth Nikolay Davydenko was injured or may be carrying an injury -- - Post Match Analysis' A request was made by Gayle Bradshaw for--, a highly regarded ex professional tennis player 11 61 to View the Davydenko vs Vassallo Arguello match and to give his written observations on how the match progressed -- -- In summary_ saw nothing untoward about the match and his overall conclusions were in his words; "This was a match like most others where a player is injured. There were two moments that led the Viewer to believe there was any possibility of something untoward. Both players put forth high levels of effort and they seemed committed to winning When Davydenka injured himself (appearance was that he re-injured his foot) the match turned and he appeared not to be able to put up too much ofa fight" EXPERT EVIDENCE ON THE BETTING PATTERNS AND ACCOUNT HOLDERS 62 63. Mark PhilliEs BHA Betting Investigator: He has more than twenty years experience of working in the betting industry, the last three of which have been assisting in the investigation of corrupt betting in the Horseracing Industry Mr Phillips was asked analyse the suspect betting and to give a written account of his findin on the Dav denko and Vassallo Arguello match ln summary the betting on this match (by the suspicrous Russian accounts) started the day before the match although at this stage it was not considered suspicious. At 08:00 on the morning at the match the odds on each player was still as you would have expected. By the start of the match the situation had changed dramatically In that Davydenko was no longer the odds on favourite and was now in fact was odds against (from 1.20 to 2 44 as the match starts) to win the match. The cause of this dramatic drift was the sheer volume of money form the suspect accounts that were both backing Vassallo Arguello and laying Davydenko. The table below encapsulates how the market developed: Time '(02Inalo7) ND's Approx. True Volume OddsIPrice Traded 08 00 (morning otmatcht 1 20 1.20 ?49353 13:00 7 7 1.27 1 20 ?323,151 14 03 Match Starts 2 44 7120 507.7157 14:09 Eet'lair Integrity TeamNotiry ATP or Suspicious Betting Patterns 7 14 48 ND Wins the first set 5-2 2 28 7 21526182 . 14 54 VA breaks serve to lead second i 3 75 1.12 ?1 509.996 set 6-2 0-1 1530 VA wins second setfirZ 3--5 a 00 1720 7 ?3,138 353 15 57 Market suspended 1 ?3,500 271 ND: Nikolay Davydenko VA: Martin Vassallo Arguello 12 64. In summary the observations of Mr Phillips are the betting by the Russian accounts in both backing Vassallo Arguello and laying Davydenko, was all done at odds completely disproportionate to each player's actual chance of winning. The betting before the match was highly suspicious and the betting during the match was even more so 65. In almost 20 years of working in the betting industry, as an on course bookmaker, an odds compiler/trader and as a Betting Investigator I have never seen a match or race where so much of the money wagered was done at such unrealistic odds and by linked accounts. My only conclusion cam be that the suspect Russian account new that Davydenko was going to loose the match TRAVEL ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE PLAYERS AND SUPPORT TEAM 66. Records (Where are they? Who did the checking) held at the Hotel Hatfner, 81-715 Sopot, show that Daydenko and his players support had ori inall booked 3 double rooms for Eduard Davydenko (brother). . It is recorded that - his agent also stayed at the hotel from Saturday July 2007 until Wednesday 1st August 2007, 67. However, in interview both - his wife and himself state that it was only they who stayed at the hotel and that they left on the day after his elimination, Friday 3''1 August 2007 and went to Germany to see a Doctor and received cortisone. He then states that he flew to Montreal on Saturday August 2007. where he saw an ATP German doctor and was able to continue playing in Montreal. Cincinatti and New Haven. There is no information with the Sopot sport reception of anyone making flight arrangements for Davydenko before the match. Transport to the airport was made by Davydenko alter the match, who made his own flight arrangements. INTERVIEWS OF THE PLAYERS AND CONNECTIONS 68, Nikolay Davydenko' He was born on the-- in Russia and is a professional tennis player on the ATP tour currently ranked 4 in the world. He was interviewed at the Sheraton Hotel at Frankfurt airport on Tuesday September 2007 Also resent was his Ie al representatives Professor Dr. Frank lmmenga and_ An interpreter was present as there was a request by Davydenko that the interwew should be carried out in German. The interVIew was tape recorded and a more in depth summary of the interview is attached at tab . 69. Davydenko said he arrived at the Sopot tournament on the Saturday evening and stayed at the ATP with his wife. He explained that he trained on the Sunday and Monday as his first round match was not until Tuesday 13 70 7'1. 72 73 74. 75 76. When asked about the injury problem he has at the Sopot tournament he said he first noticed minor pain prior to first round match and so got the physiotherapist to tape him before the match started. He stated the injury then got a little worse during set of his first round match although the injury did not prevent him Winning this match. After the first round match Davydenko admitted telling other players he had a slight injury but did not know how much it would affect his second round match. He also stated many people saw his injury being taped before the second round match He said that (despite the injury) he wanted to win second round match as he was the defending champion and wanted to return next year. It was after the first set of the second round match (against Vassallo Arguello) that pain was getting worse so called for the physiotherapist for treatment to his left foot At 172 down in the second set asked for physiotherapist again but told by the umpire that he could not be treated for the same injury. He then told Umpire it was a different problem although he admitted in the inten/iew he wanted treatment for same injury. He continued the match and at 2-3 down he indicated to-- (who was in the crowd) that he was injured At 375 down he said he could not move well and it was for all to see (he was injured). Davydenko said he also indicated to wife in the crowd that he intended to retire. He then lost the second set and at 1--2 down in the third he retired because of the injury. He went straight to the physiotherapist and the Doctor and they prepared a report for the ATP Davydenko admitted telling his wife and phoning his brother about his injury on Sunday 29'h July 2007 after training. He claimed -- who left Sopot on the day prior to his withdrawal did not know about his injury problems Stated he left Sopot on August and went straight to Germany to consult a Doctor about his injury as he was concerned the injury might affect his as next tournament in Montreal. His doctor gave him Cortisone injections to alleviate pain Followmg the treatment he flew to Montreal on Saturday 4'h August for his next tournament. Davydenko stated that as tournament did not start until Tuesday and had more time to get treatment for his foot. He suffered no pain during tournament because of treatment and shoe inelay he had fitted. He was knocked out in quarterfinal of the Montreal tournament. Davydenko denied that anyone had made any approaches to him (or his family or players support) regarding the outcome of the Sopot match or any other match He also denied knowtng the Russian Account Holders and did not recognise their names when they were shown to him He denied that he 14 was involved In any kind of betting activity including casinos and said he did not know how it worked. Davydenko was asked if he knew anyone who is Involved in betting In Russia he replied other than the Russian player he did not know anyone Involved In betting When asked about the term "tanking" he said that it was normal, during a small tournament that players might not try so hard during a match it they had an iniury or, if there was a big tournament (such as a Grand Slam) coming up. He said players would prefer to have more time to prepare He stated this was nothing to do With the Sopot tournament. When it was suggested to him that Players may try and exploit knowledge about "tanking" he said that, apart from certain people. such as the physio'. the coach, or the lamin when they are together for a week at a tournament. players do not have time to get involved With other people. When asked 'how well do you know Vassello Arguello before the game in Sopot his response was. "i don't real/y know him that wel/ I know him very very poorly actually Asked if they had had any conversation before the match he replied, no. because of language barriers Martin Vassallo Arguello He was born on the -- in Argentina and is a professional tennis player on the ATP tour currently ranked at 87. This interview was conducted on Monday 17'" September 2007 by - and--at the Radisson Hotel, Szczeciri. Poland between 9.10am and 11.05am A Spanish interpreter assisted. The interview was tape recorded. A full transcript was made and a summary prepared from that which can be found at He stated that-- was his coach and that only he and sometimes his Chilean girlfriend of 2 1/1 years travel With him to tournaments They were both with him in Sopot. He did however state that he also has a PhySICal trainer and uses a He lives in Buenos Aries, Argentina with his parents. however he bases himself in Italy as it is central for the ATP European tour. He is of dual nationality and holds both Argentinean and Italian passports, The Italian passport makes travel In Europe and the USA easier without the need for Visas. Vassallo Arguello denied knowing anyone in Italy or Russia who was involved in betting on tennis matches, He stated he and as far as he knew his family and friends and never been approached by anyone in relation to influencing the result of a tennis match. He stated that players sometimes '15 86. 87. 88. 89 90 91 92. used laptops to look at betting exchanges to see who was favourite to win games. this was always a joke and never serious. He did bet on football and on a couple of occasion on the outcome of women's tennis matches He stated that he arrived in Sopot on the Friday before the tournament started. He booked his accommodation and that of his girlfriend and coach. He practised and exercised in preparation for the tournament He stated he did not know what Davydenko's form was coming into the tournament. his priority was to get through his first round match and was focused on that, When he knew he was playing Davydenko in the 2"d round he took it as a 'gift' that he was playing the world number 4 seed. Vassallo Arguello did not speak to Davydenko before the match. He had no knowledge that he may have a foot injury The first he knew is when the physiotherapist came on to court to treat him Vassallo Arguello had also suffered injuries previously and as recently as a week ago in his last tournament he had a back injury. He said that injuries were occasionally discussed between players but not in detail and usually only with friends like other Argentinean players. He denied that anyone had told him that Davydenko might be injured before the game, Vassallo Arguello did recall a conversation he had with other Argentinean players and coaches the evening before the match. It was along the lines of that Davydenko had won the Sopot tournament last year and tired himself out With the effort. This was just before some important hard court tournaments where there were more ranking points at stake and he was not happy it was suggested he was only at the tournament for the appearance money and that if Vassallo Arguello played a great match and was aggressive he could have a chance of winning. It was known that the Sopot tournament would not affect Davydenko's ranking and players often thought ahead to future tournaments He also stated that if Davydenko was having trouble with his foot he thought it was correct for him not to risk injury With bigger tournaments ahead. Vassallo Arguello saw that after losing the first set Davydenko was not running for every ball and he heard the word blister used by Davydenko to the physio when he received treatment. He knew that would cause discomfort and affect his game. Vassallo Arguello was aware of the phrase 'tanking' he admitted tanking on one or two occasions in doubles matches when he did not really want to be at the tournament. He said in this case he wouldn't be bothered if he lost those games. - Coach He was born on the-- in Argentina and is the current coach to Martin Vassallo Arguello This interview was conducted on Tuesday 15'" September 2007 by-- and - 16 93. 94. 95 96. 97 98 99. 100. at the Radisson Hotel. Szczecin Poland between 8.05am and 9.04am A Spanish interpreter assisted The interview was tape recorded A full transcript was made and a summary prepared from that which can be found at After brief Introductions was asked about his background. He stated that he was an ex professional player who reached a ranking of 160 He stopped playing professionally in 2003. in June of that year he was offered a job coaching Martin Vassallo Arguello who was in training at the Amelia Hotel, Olivia, ltaly. He has been coaching him since then. In relation to the match With Nikolay Davydenko he was asked if he knew he was carrying an injury to his foot he stated he did not. He had watched Davydenko during the warm up period and did not notice anything unusual. After the first set he thought it would be like a mountain to climb and would be very difficult (for Vassallo Arguello) to Win. Davydenko was far superior, He was asked if he was surprised when Davydenko started to get treatment in the second set. He stated he thought that gave him (Vassallo Arguello) a good chance He thought that Davydenko would look after his foot and keep himself for the Masters Series which was his next match and was far better for him to win He stated that everybody could see that he was not alert. He was late and was not responding. He was asked if he had heard the expression 'tanking'. He said he had not however when this was explored he stated he thought every player should give their best However in the case of Davydenko he could understand if he was hurt that he would want to look after himself. He was unaware of betting on the match and did not realise the problem until the followrng day when he saw it on a web page. He has never bet on tennis He does not know anyone in Russia involved with betting. He states that no one has ever approached him for information With regard to possible results at anytime. He was asked about his (Vassallo Arguello) first round match - at Sopot. He states they knew that his opponent_ was complaining of his leg and touching his leg quite often The idea was that Vassallo Arguello made him run around a lotto beat him Stated that Vassallo Arguello went out in the 3'd round to - and went home to Argentina the next day As far as he was aware Vassallo Arguello had never spoken to Davydenko or his coach prevrously. ola Dav denk She was interviewed in a room at the Sheraton Hotel at Frankfurt airport on Monday November 2007. Also present were Professor Dr. Frank lmmenga and 17 101 102 103. 104. 105. 106. 'lO7. 108. --. The interview was conducted through. a Russian interprete_ The interview was tape recorded and a more in depth summary of the interview is attached at appendix . -stated that she had first met Davydenko at the Cup in the Czech Republic in 2003 and they later married in Moscow at a highly publicised wedding. She now accompanies him to all tournaments. She admitted being aware of Davydenko's foot injury at Sopot prior to his retirement. but had not passed this information onto anyone else. Further she confirms their movements tollowrng his withdrawal and receiving medical attention. She denied knowmg Vassallo Arguello. or of haVing any threats made to her or her husband. She was shown a list of the Russian account holders and denied any knowledge of them. She stated she had no interest in betting or having any dealing with Bettair. -raised no obyection to her telephone being examined (although to date we have not received them) Background research reveals that from the age of 15 years.- became a model and was hired by a St Petersburg agency and was always a 'runner up' in competitions. From the age of 18, she was employed by the Modvs Vivendi modelling agency It is believed that she was a regular 'companion' of the Russian player Marit Satin, prior to meeting Davydenko She lived in Moscow for eight years and gained a degree in As previously outlined, she met Davydenko at a Davis cup event and later married in Moscow. it is reported that they were given a vineyard located in Germany as a present. The relevance of this type of information is that she would have been well known socially following their high profile wedding and according to her husband they still own an apartment in the city. Despite her denial of knowing any of the Moscow based account holders, as she had lived a long way from the City. in Chelabinsk, Southern Urals, they would undoubtedly at least have known other. Eduard Davydenko -- Brother of Nikolay Davydenko He was interviewed in a room at the Sheraton Hotel, Frankfurt Airport on Monday November 2007. -- the German interpreter was also present - --. The interview was tape recorded and a more in depth summary of the interview is attached at appendix He has been the constant coach and companion for his brother since he started to play tennis at the age of 5 years. He explained his absence from the Sopot that he had been away from home for three/tour months and his Wife wanted him home as he was due to be away for a further two months due to American tournaments. '18 109. 110 111. 112. 113, 114 115 116 117. Eduard Davydenko spoke of his brother regularly having injury problems and how he receives regular phone calls from journalist's enquiring about his brother's form, his problems and whether he could win. He said that he could not verify the details of each journalist who called and as he was not in Sopot. None of the calls he received caused him any concerns. He denied any contact or involvement with his brother's opponent. Martin Vassallo Arguello and denied any involvement in betting or Knowledge of the Russian account holders Eduard spoke of how his brother was contracted to play in Sopot for 2 years and was highly critical of the ATP not making direct contact With him regarding the suspect betting as opposed to going to the press He also talked of his brother's loss of form prior to Sopot and how this was being reported in the Russian press and how he does not keep his injuries quiet when speaking With Russian supporters. Eduard confirmed his brother's treatment for his injured foot following Sopot and fully supported his integrity in always trying to give of his best at tournaments -- -- Agent to Nikolay Davydenko He was interviewed in Frankfurt by Paul Beeby. Notes of this interview can be found at - was the coach to He is also an ex Austrian DaVis Cup captain and was the director of his own tournament in Austria. As of July 2007 he became the agent for Davydenko. stated that after Wimbledon, Davydenko played 3 tournaments on clay in Which he went out in the 15' round He states that this was not unusual for anyone and he was not entirely surprised The change in surface after grass is not easy to adjust to and trouble with footing becomes a problem. Davydenko had told him he had lost his confidence on the surface As a direct result of this_ travelled to Sopot and met up With Davydenko He gave him 2 very hard training SeSSlonS. Mr Davydenko did mention some pain in one of his feet _was concerned and felt he . may have broken him because of the ferocity of the sessions. Davydenko went on to Win his first round match comfortably.-- believing he had done his job and that Davydenko had his confidence back left Sopot. _states he understands the concept of 'tanking' and why it may happen He gives examples of. in order to protect an injury or saVing the player for a major tournament. He was also very vociferous to the fact that this kind of Information was readily available in tournament hotels. He stated 19 'l18. 119. he would take me to the breakfast room ofa tournament hotel and Show me. He said there may be a tendency for some to play the first round pick up first round prize money then move on. He also stated that Davydenko liked the Sopot tournament. He was contracted to play in it for 3 years. He conceded that Davydenko was an example of a player that played too many tournaments, many unnecessarily. He states that Davydenko has been very poorly managed and promoted He cites the fact that Davydenko arranges all his own travel and hotel accommodation He was astounded to find he even books his own practice courts. He has no one to protect him from outside forces ANALYSIS OF TELEPHONE RECORDS 120 12'l 122 123. 124. The investigation was also able to carry out a forensic examination of the mobile tele hones used Vassallo Arguello and his coach, -- The outcome of these examinations disclosed both intelligence and evidence that Will now form the basis of future investigations concerning this player and his coach One mobile hone in the ossession ol Vassallo Arguello -- - and registered in the name of Vassailo Arguello's father Vassailo Luciano and attributed by the ATP as being Vassallo Ar uello's 'work and mobile' number 7 shows a phone book entry Davydenko' It is not possible to date when this entry was made in the phone book. Further, we have not to date been able to clarify it and when calls were exchanged. From enquiries with the German Police authorities, we can show that from the service provider records 7-- -- is registered to -- innosystems GMBH 86938, -- This is a company specializing in the supply of telecommunications equipment To date we have not been able to clarify any possible connection with this phone, attributed to Nikolay from the ATP records and the previously mentioned German business. During the interwew With Davydenko on September 2007, he was asked to verify his personnel details recorded by the ATP on a document that included three. telephone contact details. He described them as old numbers, 20 125. From enquiries with the German Police authorities we established that one of the other examined mobiles phones - is registered to who was Davydenko's agent, another 7 -- a has no subscriber details recorded THE SUSPECT BETFAIR ACCOUNT HOLDERS 126 127. 128. 129. 130 Background to the suspect accounts: The investigation team was, With the assistance of Bettair, able to identify nine suspect accounts that were involved in the betting on the Davydenko vs Vassallo Arguello. These accounts are primarily linked by their betting patterns and computer sharing. This is indicative of the fact that they are all connected in some way or another or, in fact, one person is behind the betting on all of the accounts. Due to the fact that all of these accounts are operated from Russia, it has not been possible to positively identify how these accounts are linked. We have been able to establish very little about the account holders other than to say that we suspect all of them, apart from one, live in a specific area of Moscow it is believed that they live in an area associated with wealthy indivrduals which is supported by their style of betting. During an investigation of this kind, it would be standard practice to make contact with the suspect account holders and request an inten/iew With them In this case, a policy decision was made not to travel to Russia to try to see these individuals due to concerns about safety. Initially, all communication with the account holders was carried out through Betfair Via the employee that acted as the account manager for all of these indivrduals. It was agreed with the senior management team at Bettair that we would try to persuade the account holders to travel to another country and avail themselves for interView. Afler a number of weeks, of trying to persuade the account holders to do this, it was realised that it was a futile exercise. The only two options left open to us were either to give up on the idea of speaking them altogether or make contact With them by telephone it was decided that the latter course of action was the more preferable as there was a possibility, albeit an unlikely one, that they would assist us with this investigation. It was also decided that, by calling them and speaking to them. they would know that we suspected them of being involved in corrupt activity. This in itselt, would hopefully act as a deterrent from their continued involvement in similar practices in future it was decided that the contact would be carried out under controlled circumstances using a professional Russian interpreter, who would work strictly to a script. The calls were made from -Shaftesbury Avenue on Friday 24'" January 2008 and all conversations were digitally recorded. Fully transcripts can be found at tab.. 21 131. Julia Tsoy -- Betfair Account Holder -- --When first contacted by telephone she was initially reluctant to speak and asked the interpreter to call back again In two hours time. 132, During the second call she stated that she was not in Sopot for the Davydenko and Vassallo Arguello match and does not know them personally or through third parties She was hesitant answering questions as to who controlled her account, or it any one else used it She stated she accessed her account by her laptop computer from wherever she was. After some noticeable hesitation, she claimed to have prepared for each tournament and that she researched everything about the player(s) form, from information in the public domain and that there had been articles in the newspapers about Davydenko's health 133 She expressed strong feelings about her opinions of Betfair and why they would not pay her and was apparently very comfortable in speaking about how Betfair and the stock exchange operates She outlined how she would sometimes seek advice on betting on tennis from friends who know the sport. 134. As-asked her detailed questions about her betting style, she became hesitant in answering, only that she was not a methodical player and bets on impulse. However, she went on to outline how she studied bookmaker's indexes to see how something has happened, or that someone may have information 135. At the end of the interview, she gave the Moscow contact number-- for 'Rustam' (Ersainov) and indicated that he was the person we needed to speak to if we wanted to know any more. When the names of the other account holders were read to her When Julia Tso was read the details of the account holders, she admitted to knowingh 136. Rustem Ersainov Betfair Account Holder -- DOB Address Once it was clarified we had been given his phone number by Julia Tsoy he told her how they were due to be married and would soon be living together 137 Rustem had been contacted by Betfair the preVious day and had told them that he did not want to speak about Davydenko or Betfair. He was obViously upset with his dealings with Betfair and would have nothing to do with them in the future 138. Although he would give no information about his background. accounts or any other information that would assist the investigation, we have been able to establish the connection with him and Julia Tsoy and how his betting started at 3.21 pm -- 3 31pm on 2"d August 2007, one minute after Julia Tsoy had finished betting 22 139. Betfair Account Holder DOB - Address -- When the person believed to be was first called she denied being her and to ring back as she was driving She was contacted at 9.15 am the following morning, Friday 250'. January 2008, stated her name was and would not give any assistance in enabling us to speak with- The receiver sound like a mature person and from the records. we know - was born in - We suspect that--is in tact-which is why she did not want to speak with us 140. Betfa Account Holder Address -- He stated that he had been 141. 142 143. 144. 145 contacted by Betfair the prevrous day, Thursday to see if she would agree to a telephone conversation and said 'yes' He stated he had his own business and lives on deposits, investments and 'other things' He stated that losing money on betting did not cause him any concern as it was only money. He looks upon betting as being a source of entertainment. He appreciated there was some ditficulties regarding the betting patterns in the Davydenko vs Vassallo Agruello match and had been in contact with Betfair as he could see no reason why they would not pay out. The account was in his name and he was the only person to us it He claims not to belong to a betting group and denied knowmg the other Russian account holders, whose details were read to him. He claimed to have 'watched the line' - and when it abruptly fell, he started to bet as she thought Davydenko may be injured and would lose. He stated he does not travel outside Russia as he does not have the necessary travel documents and has never been to a tennis match He denied knowing any tennis players, including Davydenko and Vassallo Arguello, or any of their relatives or support team. He stated it he had received any information about the outcome of the match, he would have bet at the beginning and not in the second set. - Bet'fair Account Holder -- DOB Address . The interpreter spoke With her only for a very short time when she stated that she was not willing to answer any questions although she did denied knowing Julia Tsoy -- Betfair Account Holder -- DOB --. Address . When the interpreter first made contact he sounded like he had been drinking. It was difficult to communicate with him, but eventually, he fully understood the reason for the telephone call. He agreed he was the sole user of the account in his name With Betfair. It was clear that he was very annoyed that 23 146. 147. Betfair had voided the market and would not pay him any money He stated he would only assist the investigators if they would influence Betfair and get them to reverse their decision Later, he said he would even travel to London at his own expense if Betfair agreed to pay him Denied knowing any of the other Russian account holders, whose names were read to him He also denied knowing Davydenko or Vassallo Arguello or anyone involved in tennis. He stated has never been to a tennis match, other than a Grand Slam event in Moscow many years ago He spoke oi betting being a hobby and not a sole means of income as he was in business. He explained how he enjoyed taking the risk by betting against the favourite as the returns would be considerably higher and how he would check a players rating on the internet. CONCLUSIONS 148. 149 150. 151. 152 There is no doubt that, based on the betting evidence alone that a combination of, or all of the individuals (from Russia) operating the suspect Betfair accounts, knew what the outcome of the match in question before its conclusion it was this knowledge that allowed them to bet with such confidence prior to and during the match and would have allowed them to make a profit of ?354,799 had Betfair not voided all of bets on the match At this stage we do not know how the suspect account holders knew that Davydenko would lose and Martin Vassallo Arguello win this match. Davydenko was clearly expected to win The initial odds and his ranking combined with his performance in the first set should have been enough to convince anyone in fact the opposite happened. So what of his injury: Davydenko Is a professional sportsman. At the level he performs he will be susceptible to injury. There is no evidence prior to the match to su est he would have to retire injured. During training with he had complained of a sore foot but this clearly had little effect during his 15' round match. Any injury could have been be sustained during play. This may not be the issue The betting tells us he would have lost the match anyway. Davydenko does have a history of injuries. However there is no eVidence to suggest he came into the match injured. Poor form coming into this tournament was likely to have been more of a factor He had lost his previous three tournaments; in Gstaad on the 9m July 2007, in Amersfoort on the 16'" July 2007 and in Umag on the 23'd July 2007. He lost In the first round on each occasion to much lower ranked opposition. On form alone one may have thought he again should have been a first round casualty. That being the case if the betting was based on the opinion 24 153. 154 155. 156 157. 158 of the Betlair account holders one may have expected them to lay Davydenko to large liabilities in his first round match at Sopot 15' round match. They did not That suggests that this case is not about Betlair account holder opinions but is betting with the knowledge of the known result. This is betting with inside information. There was no indication that he had been injured or even received treatment coming out of the last 3 tournaments. . It is quite clear from the betting that a number of the Russian Bettair account holders Knew prior to the match that Davydenko would not win. This is based on fact from their accounts. The amounts staked and risked is totally unrealistic in relation to the match and what was actually going on during the match. It is inconceivable that this was account holder opinion. One or all of the account holders knew what the outcome would be It is of course possible that a number of the Betfair accounts were controlled by or on behalf of one individual One could conclude from the evidence that Rustem Ersainov may control some of the accounts he certainly was in control of the Tsoy account which had the biggest liabilities. Computer sharing evidence may also lead us to this conclusion. . -- There is no eVidence to show who passed the information to the RuSSian Bettair account holders that Davydenko would lose and Vassallo Arguello would win this match It could have been communicated by the players themselves, player support and/or anyone else who had that specific information. There is however no doubt that the information must have either originate from one of the players or their support to someone else who has passed it on with or without their knowledge to the Russian Bettair account holders -- This term is commonly used for a players action in not trying his best in a particular match. A player honour his commitment to a match but will not try as hard. This may be done to save the player for a better future tournament or in order not to aggravate an injury and thus save himself for future tournaments. In this case Dawdenko was committed to the Scoot tournament as Champion and under a form of contract, albeit the detail of this has not been disclosed. Was the fact that during the training session with became an issue? It is a fact that Davydenko's next match was the ATP Masters in Montreal a week later. To put it in to perspective the winner of the Sopot tournament could collect 175 ranking points and 59,200 Euros against 500 ranking points and $400000 in Montreal. it is also worthy of note that the next tournament atter that was a Masters Series in Cincinnati With the US Open at the end of August. These were 3 massive tournaments 25 159. 160 161 162, 163. It is of some interest that a similar set of circumstances occurred at the Medibank International, Sydney in January 2007. This was a warm up tournament for the Australian Open. Davydenko retired injured in the 2"d round. He made comments to the press for which he was fined $10,000 These related to the tournament being small and nobody cared about it. He went on to play in The Australian Open Where he reached the quarter final. it is unfortunate that the Betfair account holders could never properly be interviewed due to concern about safety Some limited information was obtained over the phone but they were not Willing participants it is a simple tact that had they subjected themselves to interview and agreed to participate in the investigation then we may well have found the answer to how they knew Davydeno would lose and Vassallo Arguello, against the initial odds win this match The Eetfair account holders were managed by an account manager who rovided them with account support. This was a Bulgarian woman named . She appeared to be over protective towards the account holders and was keen not to allow us access even by telephone without imposing conditions Of course she had a vested interest in commission that was paid to her based on the business they generated, it was clear on speaking to her that she had only met with some of the account holders and on their conditions, she had not been to their homes and always met in cafes and restaurants We were never given the full picture in relation to the relationships between the account holders and found out ourselves that Rustem Ersainov was in fact engaged to be married to Julia Tsoy in interviews with both players and their support staff there is no eVidence to connect them the Russian Betfair account holders However the situation with obtaining Davydenko's complete telephone billings and/or an explanation for other phones he was suspected of using has not satisfactorily been resolved The same applies to his coach and brother Eduard Davydenko and his wife -. in their case we have received no itemised telephone billings. Of course we Will never know if this would have revealed links to the Russian Betfair account holders There have been a number of factors which have hindered the investigation and from which we must all learn. The fact that tennis is played worldwide and has international players by its very nature causes and in this case caused logistical problems. Trying to meet with players and Witnesses who had busy schedules was difficult to co ordinate. There were issues in relation to language, interpreters and translation. The anti corruption code rules were in places unclear and restrictive and difficult to work with, clarity and further definition is required This will be the subject of additional recommendations 26 164. The investigations has been unable to find any evidence to support the possibility of Nikolay Davydenko or Martin Vassallo Arguello being involved in any corrupt practices surrounding their second round match in Sopot on 2nd August 2007. It is felt that had we have had the full support of Betfair account holders and all requested itemised telephone billings then this investigation may well have had a different conclusion. 27