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HELP ASSESS TtlE GREENHOUSE EFFECT.

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EDl,lARD A, 6ARVEY
HENRY SHAtll

I,IALLACE S, BROECKER
TARO TAKAHASHI
PRESENTED TO:

DR. LESTER I{ACHTA
tJ

AIR RESOURCES LABORATORY
NATIONAL OCEAN IC AND AT}1 OSPHERIC ADIVI I NI STRAT ION
IvlARCH

26,

1g7g

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 PRO6RAI'I 6OAL
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USE EXXON EXPERTISE AND FACILITIES TO llELP
DETERIVIINE THE

llOUSE EFFECT

v

LIKELIIlOOD OF

A

GLOBAL GREEN-

 RATIOl'lALE FOR EXXON INVOLVE14ENT

I

DEVELOP EXPERTISE TO ASSESS TtlE POSSIBLE
IIVI PACT OF TllE GREENHOUSE EFFECT ON EXXON
BUSINESS

\./

O FORPI RESPONSIBLE TEAI'1 THAT CAN CREDIBLY
CARRY BAD NEl^lS, IF ANY, TO THE CORPORATION

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PROVIDE THE GOVERNl'lENT l^lITH HIGrl OUALITY
INFORIViATION TO REDUCE TllE BUSINESS RISK OF
INADECIUATE GOVERNtvlENT POLICY

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O GENERATE IrlPORTANT SCIENTIFIC INFORtvlATION THAT
l,{ILL ENHANCE THE EXXON IlvlACE AND PROVIDE PUBLIC
RELATIONS VALUE

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12,000

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580

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6 ,600

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FUt'lDING

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OCEAf'l SAtvlPL I NG
st

PROGRAIVI

TANKER SAt'lPLINC

SYSTEtvl

DRILLINC SHIP STATION

DOE

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(TRANSFER COEFFICI ENT)

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FUNCTI0N 0F c0r
LOCATIOI{, ETC.-ATM

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OCEAN

X (DRIVINC

FROII TANKERS AS

COc
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A

TEIqPERATURE,

TRANSFER COEFFICIENT DETERIVIIl'lED FROf'l DR ILLING
SHIPS BY TRACER STUDY AS A FUNCT ION OF l^lEATlJER,

SEA-STATE,
,.1

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I

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TANKERS

RELATIVE HUIVI IDITY
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TANKER l,lILL ALSO SAII PLE SURFACE SEAl^lATER
C-1II ON A PERIODIC BASIS

FOR

DEPTH THERIVIOf'4ETERS t.lILL BE USED PERIODICALLY
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OCEAN ALONG THE TANKER ROUTE
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3

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PROGRA14

(CONTINUED)

TANKER l^lILL BE ABLE TO REPEAT lvlEASUREIVIENTS ALONG
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PER YEAR DEPENDINC ON ROUTE LENGTrl AND PETROLEUlv!
DEIl AND

c

c

TANKER PROGRA[I
LL BE EXPANDED FROlvl ONE ROUTE
DURING THE FIRST YEAR TO FIVE BY THE THIRD YEAR
l^l

SOI'1E TANKER ROUTES

CROSS AREAS hIII ERE
l^lORK HAS BEEN DONE

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0

PROPOSED
RELATIVELY

I

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LITTLE

PROGRAII

OCEANOGRAPHIC

TllE DATA COLLECTED !^I ILL BE USED TO DETERlnlI NE PC02
LEVELS ON A REGIONAL AND SEASONAL BASIS IN BOTH

THE ATlvlOSP11ERE AND THE

OCEANS

t.
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IN

THE SURFACE WATER OF THE ATLAI''ITIC 0CEAN

-

JULY 1972

MARCH '1973

1) 5: !) l, It

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Exxon

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(

 pCOe l0-b atm.

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THE SURFACE WATERS OF THE PACiFiC

AUGUST

<3

1973

.

OCEAN

JUNE ]974

Xtr

Exxon routes

(

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EXXON CONTRACTED DRILLING SHIPS ARE PRESENTLY
EXPLORING lvlANY DEEP l4lATER AREAS AROUND THE
I^IORLD

g,

i

DRILL IN OCEAN DEPTHS l-lELL OVER
lOOO FEET, SOlnlETIIVlES AS I'IUCH AS
5OOO FEET

RElvlAIN IN ONE LOCATION FOR
TO THREE 14ONTHS

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AND l,lEATHER DATA CAN BE USED TO DETERII INE THE
RATE OF GAS EXCI.IANGE AS A FUNCTION OF l^lIND SPEED
AND SEA STATE
O DEEP l,{ATER SAI'lPLINC CAN ALSO BE PERFOR14ED TO
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ATII OS P HE R I
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C C I RCU LAT I ON

+ Tl.lE VARIATIONS l,lILL HELP DETERfVI INE
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sl

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DEEP hlATER l,lILL BE 14ONITORED
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+ THE CONCENTRATION

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VARIATIONS
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THICKNESS OF THE SURFACE l.lATER

LAYER AND ITS VARIATION ACCORDING
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INFORII ATION ON OCEAN CIRCULATION
PATTERNS AND l,lIND EFFECTS ON
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SALINITY
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t\lAY BE DUE To
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IS PRESENT IN FOSSIL FUELS

AND P LANTS
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rC

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PLANTS

O IVIEASURING RELATIVE CHANGE OF C-13 AND C-14
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