ESSO STANDARD OIL COMPANY
MANUFACTURING ADVISORY COMMITTEES

M IN U TE S

TWENTY THIRD
GENERAL MEETING
OF THE
CENTRAL REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE

N
EWY
O
R
K
April 8 —10,1953

 Esso S tandard O il C ompany
M a n u f a c t u r in g

A d v is o r y

C o m m it t e e s

CENTRAL REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE
P .     Box 2hh
Linden, New Je rse y
A p ril 2 9 , 1953
H ig h lig h ts o f 23rd
General Meeting o f the
C e n tra l R efinery Loss
Committee

Mr. ’'fa. Naden
M anufacturing Department
15 * e s t 51 S tr e e t
New York, New York
Dear S ir :
At th e 23rd G eneral M eeting o f th e C e n tra l R efinery Loss Committee in
New York on A p ril 8 , 9, and 1 0 , 1953, i t was re p o rte d t h a t th e l a s t s ix
months o f 1952 was th e f i f t h c o n secu tiv e sem i-annual p e rio d showing a re ­
d u c tio n i n Esso o i l lo s s e s , s ta te d as p e rc e n t o f d i v i s o r . The lo s s o f
1.38/6 i s th e lo w est l o s s p ercen tag e a tta in e d i n th e l a s t s ix y e a r s , fo r
which comparable d a ta a re a v a ila b le , and i s p robably th e lo w est lo s s
l e v e l e v e r re a ch ed . Compared w ith th e p rev io u s s i x months, t h i s re p re se n ts
a sav in g s valued a t $800,000 p e r y e a r . Bayway showed th e g r e a te s t progress
among th e Esso r e f i n e r i e s . Baton Rouge lo s s e s were a ls o low er and Baltimore
i s m a in ta in in g th e low l o s s le v e l r e c e n tly achieved.
I n s p ite o f t h i s improvement, th e lo s s f o r th e fiv e Esso r e f i n e r i e s f o r the
most r e c e n t sem i-annual p e rio d i s valued a t approxim ately $10,500,000 p e r
y e a r and had an ad v erse e f f e c t on th e P/L o f 5 » 2 tf/b arrel o f d iv is o r . Reaching
th e l o s s g o a ls which th e r e f i n e r i e s have e s ta b lis h e d would r e s u l t i n saving
ab o u t $3,150,000 p e r y e a r .
In a d d itio n to th e above. Chemical Products lo s s e s a t Bayway and Baton Rouge
f o r th e l a s t s ix months o f 1952 were valued a t $2,500,000 p e r y e a r . These
a re somewhat h ig h er than th e f i r s t h a l f o f 1952, b u t th e y e a r as a whole
shows a downward tre n d from p rev io u s y e a rs .
You have a lre a d y given approval to th e Committee’s a c tio n i n ap p o in tin g four
sub-com m ittees to stu d y th e follow ing f ie ld s in which more d e t a i l e d develop­
ment i s needed and to p re p a re recommendations by which th e Committee can
f u r th e r advance th e c o n se rv a tio n and p o llu tio n abatem ent program s.

 -

2

-

(1)

Development o f minimum sta n d a rd s f o r th e o rg a n iz a tio n re q u ire d and
p ro ced u res t o be follow ed f o r m easuring b u lk o i l q u a n t i t i e s .

(2)

Review o f Company and in d u s tr y p r a c tic e s f o r h an d lin g B. S. & W. in
crude tankage and recommendations f o r optimum p ro ced u res.
Review of acco u n tin g p rocedures a f f e c tin g l o s s c a lc u la tio n s .

(3)
(U)

Development o f a program f o r fundamental re s e a rc h i n a i r and
w a te r p o llu tio n abatem ent.

Among th e new developm ents re p o rte d fo r red u cin g lo s s e s were new c o n tr o ls on
ta n k e r tr a n s p o r ta tio n lo s s e s , new d e sig n s f o r f lo a ti n g r o o f s on tan k s and
o th e r a s p e c ts o f modern ta n k f ie ld desig n t o minimize lo s s e s , re c e n t develop­
ments i n th e u se o f m echanical pump s e a ls , new methods o f m easuring and con­
t r o l l i n g f la r e lo s s e s , and th e use o f s t a t i s t i c a l s tu d ie s and c o n tro l c h a rts
t o minimize o v e r f i l l i n g o f motor o i l c a n s.
In fo rm atio n was exchanged on
th e methods used t y J e rs e y r e f i n e r i e s and c e r ta in o f o u r co m p etito rs to
m inim ize th e accum ulation o f sedim ent i n cru d e ta n k a g e .
With th e co n tin u ed p ro g re s s i n reducing r e f in e r y l o s s e s , th e accuracy o f
measurement and c a lc u la tio n o f lo s s e s has tak en on in c re a se d im portance.
The Committee exchanged in fo rm a tio n on th e o rg a n iz a tio n s and procedures used
a t th e v a rio u s r e f i n e r i e s t o in s u re a ccu rate measurement o f r e c e ip ts ,
d e liv e r ie s and in v e n to r ie s . In d u stry a c t i v i t y i n th e f i e l d o f measuring
and sam pling cru d e was a ls o review ed. Ihe r e s u l t s o f a stu d y showing th a t
barge measurements may be more a c c u ra te th a n sh o re ta n k q u a n titie s i n some
cases were d isc u s s e d . Some proposed changes t o th e R efinery Loss Manual,
r e f l e c t i n g improved accounting p ro ced u res, were rev iew ed .
The s it u a t i o n a t each r e f in e r y w ith re s p e c t t o h arb o r p o llu tio n was review ed.
A ll o f th e E a st Coast p la n ts e x cep t E v e re tt have d i f f i c u l t y i n m eeting a t
l e a s t some o f th e e x is tin g s ta n d a rd s . Bayway and B altim ore w ith the w orst
problem s have w e ll developed long range programs f o r abatem ent w hich, however,
w i l l re q u ire e x p e n d itu re s o f s e v e ra l m illio n d o lla r s a t each p l a n t . Im p e ria l's
p io n e e rin g w ith c i r c u l a r s e p a ra to rs and b io lo g ic a l o x id a tio n o f w aste phenol
s o lu tio n s was review ed, and th e ex p erien ce o f th e Humble O il & R efining
Company w ith i t s E f f lu e n t F i l t r a t i o n U nit a t Baytown and p re lim in a ry r e s u lts
o f experim ents w ith a i r f lo t a t i o n were p re s e n te d . Humble re p re s e n ta tiv e s
a tte n d e d th e m eeting a s g u e sts because o f th e e f f e c t which lo s s and p o llu tio n
abatem ent programs may have upon th e c o s t o f p ro d u cts purchased t y Esso
S tandard under th e term s o f the Humble-Esso P roduct S a le s C o n tra c t. That
Baton Rouge has made s u b s ta n tia l advances i n s o lv in g i t s h arb o r p o llu tio n
problem sin c e com pletion o f th e M aster S eparator was s u b s ta n tia te d t y th e
r e s u l t s o f a U. S. P u b lic H ealth S ervice survey made th e r e e a r ly t h i s y e a r.
In a rev iew o f new developm ents i n w aste d isp o sa l m ethods, the E a st Coast
T echnical Service D iv isio n re p o rte d th a t a c id n e u tr a liz a tio n seems p re fe ra b le
t o flu e gas s tr ip p in g fo r sp en t c a u s tic d eo d o rizin g , and so u r d i s t i l l a t e
drum w a te r can be disposed o f i n th e same wgy. Mew in fo rm atio n on in c in e ra tio n
fo r o i l y s o lid s was exchanged.

 " f l i T l0pmentS i n a i r P°l l u t i o n c o n tr o l ex p erien ce a t B altim ore. S a rn ia and
E v e re tt w ere P re s e n te d . An E a st C oast T echnical S erv ice RLvision s t X o f l h e
problems which may a r i s e from f lu i d co k ers concluded t h a t th T Co k f
should be s o ld t o o u ts id e u s e rs r a th e r th a n burned i n th e r e f i n e r y . The ComT t T j , 11 in te r e S tf d i n th e " o l o f n o is e from r e f in e r y o p e S n s , s i ^ T
i t can become a n u isan ce s im ila r t o a i r p o llu tio n .
min“t e ,s ° f « • m eeting. I f you approve, we s h a ll make the
u su a l d i s t r i b u t i o n , in c lu d in g w ith th e m inutes th e d e ta ile d l o s s d a ta and
c o p ie s o f th e p ap ers p re se n te d by th e v ario u s Committee members.
Very t r u l y y o u rs.

c
(JU
U
C. C h ild , Chairman
C e n tra l R efin ery Loss Committee
T O /ja n
A ttach
cc:

Members o f th e C e n tra l R efin ery Loss Committee

 REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE
m EE t i m

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K V YORK

OATE
A F IIL a - 10, l i s t

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MINUTES OF 28R0 GENERAL MEETING

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S e c re ta ry - R efin ery Loss Committee

MINUTES
1.

T o tal cru d e a n i p ro d u c t lo s s e s f o r Esso S tandard r e f i n e r i e s f o r the l a s t
s i x months o f 19 >2 were reduced to l,38jo on th e m anufacturing d iv is o r .
This i s th e lo w est l o s s p ercen tag e a tta in e d i n th e p a s t s i x y e a rs , fo r
which com parable d a ta a re a v a ila b le , and i s p robably th e lo w est lo s s
l e v e l e v e r re a ch ed . At th e 23rd General M eeting o f th e C e n tra l R efinery
Loss Committee, t.:e re d u c tio n i n Esso S ta n d a rd 's l o s s fo r th e s ix months
December 1952, compared w ith th e p rev io u s s ix m onths, was re p o rte d to be
w orth $800,0C 0/year. There rem ain, however, p o te n tia l sav in g s i n fu rth e r
l o s s re d u c tio n o f a t l e a s t S 3 ,l5 0 ,0 0 0 /y e sr f o r th e Esso r e f i n e r i e s .
In fo rm a tio n was exchanged a t th e m eeting on new tech n iq u es fo r reducing
lo s s e s , a b a tin g a i r and -.rater p o llu tio n , improved d isp o s a l o f w astes,
and b e t t e r measurement o f l o s s e s . Among the a c tio n taken was the forma­
t i o n o f four sub-com m ittees t o review c e r t a i n s p e c if ie d areas o f th e con­
s e r v a tio n and p o llu tio n c o n tr o l f i e l d s and to recommend ways i n which
th e Committee can f u r th e r advance th e program,

2,

The m eeting was h e ld i n New York on A p ril 8 -1 0 , 1953. Esso Standard
a tte n d a n c e in c lu d e d r e p re s e n ta tiv e s o f New York M anufacturing, O il Loss
P rev en tio n D iv isio n , E a s t C oast M anufacturing D iv isio n , E a st Coast
T echnical S erv ic e D iv isio n , and th e v a rio u s Esso S tandard r e f i n e r i e s .
O ther members and g u e sts were p re s e n t from th e S tandard O il Development
Company, Im p e ria l O il L im ited, th e Humble O il & R efin in g Company, Jersey
R e fin in g C o o rd in atio n , and The C a r te r O il Company, The names o f those
a tte n d in g a re a tta c h e d . The r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s o f the Humble O il & R efining
Company a tte n d e d as g u e sts sin c e th e exchange o f in fo rm atio n on re fin e ry
l o s s re d u c tio n and p o llu tio n c o n tr o l may a f f e c t the c o s t o f products
p urchased by Esso S tandard under th e terras o f th e HumKLe-Esso Product
S a le s C o n tra c t,

3*

In h i s opening rem arks a t th e m eeting, Mr, '.V, F, Thiede p o in ted o u t th a t
in c r e a s in g co m p etitio n i n th e in d u s try adds to th e im portance o f lo s s
r e d u c tio n . He c i t e d th e p ro s p e c ts f o r peace i n K orea, reduced tan k er
r a t e s , and some p re s e n t excess i n r e f in in g c a p a c ity a s reasons for i n ­
c re a se d co m p e titio n , em phasizing th e need f o r u sin g modern equipment and
m inim izing o p e ra tin g c o s ts ,
Mr, Thiede s a id t h a t Management i s lo o k in g to th e R efinery Loss Commit­
te e f o r guidance on th e b e s t p o s sib le d e sig n and u t i l i z a t i o n o f tankage
from th e c o n se rv a tio n s ta n d p o in t, th e b e s t way t o o p e ra te g as handling
f a c i l i t i e s to minimize leak ag e and f l a r i n g , and improved nethods fo r
rem oving o i l from w aste w ater to avoid e v a p o ra tio n lo s s and harbor p o l­
l u t i o n , -Vlth th e tr e n d toward la r g e r ta n k s , Mr, Thiede s tr e s s e d the
im portance o f improved methods fo r making a c c u ra te neasurem ents o f o i l
r e c e i p t s , d e l i v e r i e s and in v e n to rie s a s e s s e n t i a l to lo s s c o n tr o l.

 Y LOSS COMMITTEE

MINUTES OF 23R0 GENERAL MEETING

fp0R ^^^===^ ^ =s=^ ==

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S e c re ta ry - R efinery Loss Committee

l^r. Ih ie d c a ls o s tr e s s e d th e in c re a se d im portance o f a i r and w ater
p o llu tio n problem s a t many Esso lo c a tio n s , p o in tin g o u t the r e la tio n
c f p o llu tio n c o n tr o l to l o s s red u ctio n * He a ls o suggested t h a t i n ­
c re a s e d em phasis be p laced on o b ta in in g employee p a r tic ip a tio n i n t t e
c o n se rv a tio n and p o llu tio n c o n tr o l programs*
Loss R eduction Data
A summary o f th e t o t a l re p o rte d lo s s e s f o r Esso S tandard Petroleum Pro­
d u c ts o p e ra tio n s fo r th e l a s t h a l f o f 1952 and p re v io u s p e rio d s i s shown
below*
T o tal O il L osses ( l ) - Esso Standard M anufacturing
P eriod
191*7
191*8
191*9
1950
1951
6 Mos.June '52
6 MoSoDec* *52

■ B/D
8,589
8,091*
7,291
8,722
9,1*37
8, 1*1*2
7,713

% on M anufacturing
D iv iso r (2)
1.73
1.58
1 .6 5
1.76
1.69
1.51*
1.38

(1 ) In c lu d e s T ra n s p o rta tio n , T erm in ailin g . Crude S to rag e, M anufacturing,
"Used a t Works", and F.O.B. D e stin a tio n S ales Losses i n the
Petroleum P roducts D ivisions*
(2) The d iv is o r used i s th e sum o f the in d iv id u a l r e f i n e r y m anufacturing
d iv is o r s w ith o u t adjustm ent f o r i n t e r - r e f i n e r y t r a n s f e r s .
For E sso , t h i s i s th e f i f t h co n secu tiv e sem i-annual p e rio d showing a
re d u c tio n i n lo s s p e rc en tag e, in d ic a tin g t h a t the program i s making
ste a d y pro g ress* As an in d ic a tio n o f the value o f t h i s p ro g re s s, i f the
Esso l o s s f o r th e l a s t h a l f o f 1952 had remained a t th e s ame percentage
as i n th e l a s t h a l f o f 1950, th e l o s s would have been $7,800/day g re a te r
th a n i t i s .
The fo llo w in g ta b le shows by r e f i n e r i e s a comparison o f the lo s s e s fo r
th e l a s t s ix months o f 1952 and th e f i r s t h a l f o f th e y e a r . The monetary
v alu e o f th e lo s s e s and t h e i r e f f e c t on P/L a re a lso shown* These d a ta
a re f o r Petroleum P roducts D iv isio n o n ly , and th u s do n o t in clu d e Chemical
P ro d u cts P la n t lo s s e s a t Bayway and Baton Rouge which a re re p o rte d sepa­
r a t e l y on th e n e x t page.

 REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE
MINUTES OF 23R0 GENERAL MEETING

PLACE
R E P O R T BY

« » YORK

30.

31.

AFRIL 8 -10, 1953

S e c re ta ry - R efin ery Loss Committee

Crwnn
f in d s th e re i s a need fo r b e tte r c o o rd in a tio n -within t t e
rapanyoi fundamental re se a rc h on w ater and a i r p o llu tio n abatem ent. The
d is p o s a l o f sp e n t c a u s tic , su lp h u r-b e a rin g w astes and to x ic waste m a te ria ls,
new a n a ly tic a l methods, and th e f a c to r s a f f e c tin g ev ap o ratio n lo s s are
examples o f f ie ld s i n which improved c o o rd in a tio n and perhaps extension
o f fundam ental re se a rc h i s needed. A sub-committee was th e re fo re appointed
t o develop th e needs and make recommendations f o r such a program .
The U nited S ta te s P ublic H ealth S ervice made a survey e a rly t h i s y ear o f the
volume o f p o llu ta n ts e n te rin g the M ississip p i R iv er from Baton Rouge Re­
f in e r y . This e ig h t week survey was made by a seven-man team from the Public
H ealth S erv ice w ith th e a s s is ta n c e o f r e f i n e r y p e rso n n e l. The m aterial
balan ce type su rv ey did n o t show any new s e rio u s p o llu tio n problem s, but
th e r e a re in d ic a tio n s t h a t something may have t o be done t o reduce phenols
and odor form ing compounds i n th e f u tu r e .
B altim ore re p o rte d t h a t the r e l a ti o n s between th e r e f in e r y and Maryland
■fater P o llu tio n C o n tro l Commission have been very c o o p e ra tiv e . The Commis­
s io n v i s i t s th e r e f in e r y p e r io d ic a lly and exchanges inform ation on the
methods o f sam pling and an aly zin g th e e f flu e n t stream . At th e re q u e st o f
th e Commission, th e r e f in e r y h as been forw arding monthly d a ta on the q u a lity
o f i t s in f l u e n t and e f f l u e n t .
New Developments i n 7/aste D isposal Methods

32.

In fo rm atio n on th e b e s t way o f d isp o sin g of sp en t c a u s tic s o lu tio n s i s of
i n t e r e s t to many r e f i n e r i e s . E a st Coast T echnical S ervice D ivisio n presented
th e r e s u l t s o f a stu d y o f t h i s s u b je c t which i t has made i n connection with
Bayway’ s 1953 budget item f o r sp en t c a u s tic d isp o s a l f a c i l i t i e s . The con­
c lu s io n reach ed i n t h i s stu d y i s th a t n e u tr a liz a tio n with a c id i s n o t only
a more e f f e c tiv e way o f c le a n in g up th e sp en t c a u s tic , b u t i s also much
cheaper i n both investm ent and o p e ra tin g c o s ts . In a d d itio n , H2S i s re le a se d
from th e c a u s tic i n a form s u ita b le f o r fe e d to a sulphur recovery p la n t,
and naphthenic and c r e s y lic a c id s may be reco v ered as s a la b le by-products.

33*

B e tte r d is p o s a l o f su lp h id e -b e a rin g d i s t i l l a t e drum w ater has become in ­
c re a s in g ly n e c e ssa ry fo r p o llu tio n abatem ent. The E a st Coast Technical
S erv ice D iv isio n stu d y o f th e v ario u s p o s sib le methods o f d isp o sa l le d to
th e co n clu sio n t h a t th e ch eap est e f fe c tiv e method i n most c a se s i s to pro­
vide a d d itio n a l c a p a c ity i n an a c id n e u tr a liz a tio n c a u s tic d isp o sa l u n it.

3li.

The E ast Coast Technical S ervice D iv isio n re p o rte d on a study o f th e p o ssib le
d is p o s a l o f r e f in e r y w astes e i t h e r i n underground form ations o r a t se a , i n
view o f th e s u b s ta n tia l in v estm ent savings over a lte r n a te p ro cessin g methods.
Underground d is p o s a l does n o t appear a t t r a c t i v e , a t l e a s t a t the E ast Coast
re fin e rie s .

Esso
PRINTED IN USA

 IlfR T LOSS COMMITTEE
MINUTES OP 23*0 GENERAL MEETING

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mh4 P: S ie s .relati0nS a3PeCtS * * * 0UtWeigh the eooDooic ad™ 35.

Im p e ria l i s c o n s id e rin g an in c in e r a to r m anufactured by th e American I n c m e r a t o r C o r p o r ^ o n , D e tr o it, to burn "dewatered and d e o ile d " s o lid s
fw m th e B ird c e n tr if u g e s a t th e S a rn ia R e fin e ry . This u n i t appears modera te i n c o s t and i s equipped w ith autom atic com bustion c o n tr o ls . The s o lid s
w i l l b e dumped o u ts id e th e r e f in e r y and must c o n ta in no o i l . S arnia also
p la n s a t r a s h d e s tr u c to r i n c o n ju n c tio n w ith the i n c i n e r a t o r . I t may- be
n e c e ssa ry i n th e f u t u r e t o i n s t a l l a s i n t e r i n g machine f o r p re p a rin g spent
lu b e o i l c la y f o r i n c in e r a tio n .
O ther Im p e ria l r e f i n e r i e s have a need f o r i n c in e r a to r s , and so do Bayway,
B altim o re, Baton Rouge and 3aytown. Ihe Esso E ngineering Department has
undertaken a s tu d y o f th e v a rio u s in c in e r a to r d e s ig is s u ita b le f o r re fin e ry
w a s te s . They a r e p re p a rin g a q u e s tio n n a ire t o o b ta in in fo rm atio n from the
r e f i n e r i e s on t h e i r n eed s, a f t e r which E . E. D. w i l l approach t t e manu­
f a c tu r e r s o f in c in e r a to r s as to what can be made a v a ila b le .
A ir P o llu tio n Abatement and C o n tro l

36.

B altim ore review ed i t s complex a i r p o llu tio n problem and th e r e s u l t s o f the
j o i n t B altim ore-E sso E n g in eerin g Department a i r p o llu tio n su rv ey . Combus­
t i o n o p e ra tio n s a re th e m ajor so u rce o f p o llu tio n , ag g rav ated b y 'th e crowded
r e f i n e r y lo c a tio n and u n fav o rab le topography. A stepw ise p o llu tio n ab a te­
ment program i s underway. P r o je c ts w ith a t o t a l in v estm en t c o s t of
$618,000 w i l l e lim in a te 55# o f the problem , w ith an a d d itio n a l $k,000,000
re q u ire d t o ta k e c a re o f 95% o f th e p re s e n t co n tam in an ts. The most irroort a n t s in g le p r o j e c t i s a s u lp h u r re co v ery p l a n t . Approval f o r th e $300,000
o f f s i t e s f o r t h i s h a s been o b ta in e d , and n e g o tia tio n s a re b ein g completed
w ith an o u ts id e firm t o b u ild th e sulphur p l a n t i t s e l f .
The H ealth Departm ent i n B altim ore h a s formed a new A ir P o llu tio n C ontrol
U n it w ith in s p e c to r s and o th e r p e rso n n e l, m obile t e s t equipm ent, and la b o ra ­
to r y f a c i l i t i e s .
E x c e lle n t r e s u l t s a re b e in g o b ta in e d i n th e handLing o f a i r p o llu tio n com­
p l a i n t s by a system i n which r e f in e r y p erso n n el a t t h e i r homes prom ptly i n ­
v e s tig a te co m p lain ts re c e iv e d o u ts id e o f working h o u rs.

 37.
In a d d itio n fn * 4 a,'lo n c ° n tr o l a c t i v i t i e s have been cen tered a t S arn ia.
Im p e ria l
f ?1 independent a i r p o llu tio n survey o f i t s own,
O n tario
3 i n ?d 7,1
o th e r in d u s tr ie s i n the S arn ia a re a and the
a n d ^ o L l e t ! ^ ! n t X? c ?n e c t i n e continuous d a ta on d u st f a l l , S02 content,
con® le te m eteo ro lo g ical in fo rm atio n .
An a i r p o llu tio n abatement program f o r Winnipeg h a s been p rep ared .
38.

E
a v e r e t t showed a movie o f th e a i r p o llu tio n abatement obtain ed th e re by
,Qin g 25 -i.eet w ith a V enturi t i p to a b o ile rh o u se sta c k .
? r SC ?hown "‘as a movie p rep ared by th e S tan fo rd Research I n s t i t u t e showing
vfte a i r p o llu tio n problem i n Los A ngeles.

^9.

Since f lu id cokers a re l i k e l y to be b u i l t a t many o f our r e f i n e r i e s w ithin
th e n e x t few y e a r s . E a st C oast Technical S erv ice D ivisio n has stu d ied
p o s s ib le new p o llu tio n problems from t h i s o p e ra tio n . In a d d itio n to i n ­
c r e a s in g a couple o f e x is tin g problem s, HgS i n fra c tio n a to r d i s t i l l a t e
drum w a te r and S02 and 3C3 from combustion o f th e coke, two new ty p es of
problem s may come u p . These a re f l y ash from contoustion o f th e coke, and
coke d u s t from coke h an d lin g o p e ra tio n s . Although suggestions were made
fo r c o n tr o l o f th e s e p o te n tia l problem s, i t was concluded t h a t the b est
way o f h a n d lin g th e coke i s by s a le t o a u se r o f powdered c o a l.

iiO.

I t was p o in te d o u t t h a t n o ise from r e f in e r y o p e ra tio n s c o n s titu te s a
n u isan ce s im ila r to a i r p o llu tio n . Because o f n o ise com plaints. Bayway
and Baytown have r e c e n tly had n o ise surveys conducted by o u tsid e e x p e rts.
General

h i.

In a g e n e ra l d is c u s s io n o f ways o f improving th e e ffe c tiv e n e s s o f the
Committee’ s program, i t was agreed t h a t an e f f o r t would be made to make
more u se o f o th e r o rg a n iz a tio n s , such as s a f e ty and C. I . I . committees,
f o r o b ta in in g q u ic k e r a c tio n on co n se rv a tio n and p o llu tio n c o n tro l pro­
j e c t s . The im portance o f quick follow -up by th e Mechanical Department
on r e p a ir in g le a k s and o th e r co n se rv a tio n item s was emphasized.
Baytown's l o s s d isc u ssio n s w ith o p e ra tin g p erso n n el and Bayway!s r o ta tin g
membership l o s s committee were c ite d as examples o f ways o f o b tain in g
more employee p a r tic ip a tio n i n th e program.

h2.

The c o n so lid a te d p re s e n ta tio n o f E sso’ s 1953 budget item s fo r p o llu tio n
c o n tr o l b e fo re th e budget review groups l a s t f a l l was considered e f f e c tiv e ,
and i t i s planned to fo llo w the same procedure f o r th e 195k budget item s.
A packaged p re s e n ta tio n o f l o s s re d u c tio n item s can also be made i f con­
s id e re d d e s ir a b le .

fC IA
PRINTED IN USA

 - ffliC W T LOSS COHHIT T II

SITt'i *6 »LACt
»

=

MINUTES OF 23R0 GENERAL MEETING

YOU

S e c re ta ry - R efin ery L oss Committee

22

ATTENDANCE

I-SSO SttHDARn nrr . ^ Tflrrr

Baton Rouge R efin ery
J . E. M ille r *
C . 0 . Peyton

Department
F . Itoiede

STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT COMPANY

^i l ^LO' ^ ^ evention DlVi Sinn

Esso E ngineering D e p a r ts n t
C . H. Bunn, J r . *
E. C . Eastman
W. H. Lang

J . H. McClintock *
D. H, P e t t i t
E a s t C o a s t M an u factu rin g DiTrisi™
C . C h ild *
— a------------J . H, P r e s c o tt *
E a s t C o ast T ech n ical S e rv ic e D iv isio n
R . F . C annings
R. W. E g b e rts *
D. A, Moore

IMPERIAL OIL LIMITED
E ngineering D ivision
A. D. McRae *
W. S . Tremaine
S a rn ia R efinery
ff. K. Ross

Jew J e r s e y Works A ccounting Department
R . M. Webb

HUMBLE OIL & REFINING COMPANY

3ayway R efin ery
J . J* Bruno
J . R. C oughlin
E. S . Crosby
J . M. D avis
A. P . Dennis
Dick van D iik
E . S . G angluff

H7 f.

Baytown R efinery
E.
E.
G.
R.
F.
w.

Bayonne R e fin e ry
D. Dover
H# E . Hartman
C . F. J o s t
W. E. McNulty
j . W. W eatherly

C.
J.
K.
E.
W.
N.

Hermann
S ie d le c k i
Simpson
Terhune
Tomlinson
Thompson *

T. L. S a tte rw h ite
L . R. Tag
THE CARTER OIL COMPANY
B illin g s R efin ery
L. R. J a r r e t t
STANDARD OIL COMPANY (N. J .)
R efin in g C oordination
P . A. B urchett
*

n aitA ao re R efin ery
T T T . A lle n *
R . B. M illa r
B v e r e ttjte f in e
W. Toung *
W. ? . Horton

Go s s ----------

Members o f th e C e n tra l R efinery
Loss Committee.

 ,
A pril 22, 1953

^

L i f ; fu .-e 'ft

Committee on Fundamental
Research fo r th e Central
R efinery Loss Committee
Mr. J . H. McClintock
Mr. C. H. Bunn
Mr. A. L. McRea
Dear S ir s :
You r e c a l l t h a t a t th e re c e n t m eeting o f th e C e n tra l Loss Committee
we were appointed to serv e on a committee whose purpose was s ta te d to be "to
fo rm u late a program f o r fundamental re search on a i r and w ater p o llu tio n ." As
I se e th e problem we should work up two l i s t s showing, in th e o rd er o f th e ir
im portance, th e p ro je c ts which should be stu d ie d on a i r p o llu tio n and those
which should be stu d ie d on w ater p o llu tio n . P ro je c ts which should be handled
by th e A .P .I . should be in d ic a te d .
This i s an o ld problem. The o ld Waste D isposal Committee struggled
w ith i t f o r a long tim e . Humble has spent a l o t o f time on th e study as i s shown
by th e l i s t o f suggested p ro je c ts th ey subm itted a t th e l a s t m eeting. Many o f
you have given a co n sid erab le amount o f thought t o th e problem. I t seems to me
t h a t a s a committee we must e ith e r attem pt to a t t a c t th e problem from a new angle
o r we must do an aw ful l o t of th in k in g and work to come up w ith a new worthwhile
l i s t o f p ro je c ts .
In ta lk in g w ith Mr. Don Green o f th e Research D ivisio n re c e n tly the
thought developed th a t perhaps we had not explored enough o f th e changes which
might be made in th e o p eratio n o f th e r e f in e r ie s which could make recovery
p ro cesses pay. As an example, th e e f fe c tiv e use o f H2S in a l l our r e fin e rie s so
t h a t i t would not be burned would e f f e c tiv e ly remove one o f our worst a i r pol­
lu tio n problems but s tu d ie s to date in d ic a te l i t t l e o r no re tu rn from th is type
o f i n s t a l l a t i o n . However, i f a c a re fu l stu d y could be made to . see what could
be done t o make them pay, th e H2S problem might solve i t s e l f . The follow ing a re
examples o f item s which might be explored in t h i s connection:
a . Combine th e s u lf u r producing u n it w ith th e ad so rp tio n u n it o r some o th er u n it
i n th e r e fin e r y to reduce la b o r and investment c o s ts .
b . O btain more concentrated stream s o f H2S.
c . In th e conventional s u lf u r p la n t h a lf o f th e H2S i s f i r s t burned to S02 and
th en re a c te d w ith th e r e s t o f th e H2S to form S. I t might be p o ssib le to supply
th e S02 from some o th e r source in th e re fin e ry th u s in c re a sin g th e amount o f
s u lf u r which could be made and perhaps d ecreasin g th e p lan t c o s t. This S02 might
come from th e co n cen tratio n o f s u lf u r ic a c id a t th e alco h o l p la n t, e tc .
d . S tu d y o f t h e s u l f u r p l a n t s t o r e d u c e c o s t s t o a minimum. F o r i n s t a n c e t h e r e i s
some i n d i c a t i o n t h a t n o t a l l t h e i r p u r i f i c a t i o n p r o c e s s e s a r e n e c e s s a r y .

e . Apply f l u i d c a ta ly s t technique to th e removal o f H2S and th e formation o f su lfu r.
f . Study o p eratio n o f th e s u lfu r p lan t u sin g one man per s h i f t in place o f two.

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40.

 \

A

LIST OF PROJECTS FOR CONSIDERATION FOR FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH ON AIR AND WATER POLLUTION

A. WATER POLLUTION:
1 . Spent Sodas
2 . S n u lsio n s caused b y s o lu b le so a p s, o r by o th e r s t a b i l i z i n g a g e n ts.
3* Acids
4 . Phenols
5 . N itro g en Bases
6 . P in a l C l a r i f i c a t i o n

7. Poisons
8 . S ludges from ta n k s and s e p a r a to r s .
9 . E f f e c t o f r e f i n e r y e f f lu e n ts on t a s t e o f f i s h .
10. O thers
B. AIR POLLUTION:
/
1 . H2S
2 . Acid fumes
3- C a t. C racker C a ta ly s t
4 . Hydrocarbon v ap o rs
5 . Odors
6 . O thers

\
0

C. WATER POLLUTION DETAIL;

1 . Spent Sodas

the

a . What can be done i n th e r e f i n e r y to e lim in a te sp e n t so da/use o f NH3 f o r produc­
t i o n o f ammonium s u l f i d e , re g e n e ra tiv e process o f removing s u lf id e s and mercapta n s , a l t e r n a t e t r e a t i n g o p e r a tio n s , d i s t i l l a t i o n p ro c e sse s, f l u i d tech n iq u e,
e tc .
b . What can b e done i n th e r e f i n e r y t o make sp en t soda more a t t r a c t i v e f o r s a le
t o o th e r in d u s tr ie s ? Use o f c o n c e n tra te d soda f o r t r e a t i n g , se g re g a tio n of
stre a m s, c o l l e c t i o n system s, c o n c e n tra tio n , e tc .
c . R eg en eratio n p ro c e sse s f o r re d u c tio n i n sp e n t soda produced.
d . O thers
2 . Em ulsions cau sed by s o lu b le soaps o r o th e r s t a b i l i z i n g a g e n ts a . L i s t th e s e a t each r e f in e r y .
b . Pick o u t any which ap p ear c r i t i c a l o r which ap p e a r t o have a reasonable
s o lu tio n .
c . What change can be made in th e r e f i n e r y t o e lim in a te naphthenates and sulphontes?
d . Can p ro c e sse s b e changed t o make them more a t t r a c t i v e f o r s a le .
e . Fundamental re s e a rc h on th e i s o l a t i o n and u se o f th e s e s t a b i l i z i n g a t e n t s .
3 . Acids
a . L is t p ro c e sse s where produced, w ith amounts and c h a r a c t e r is t i c s .
b . I f S02 i s p re s e n t i n la r g e q u a n t i t ie s stu d y means o f making i t a v a ila b le fo r
s u l f u r m anufacture a s covered under item nC” o f cover l e t t e r .
c . A lte rn a te p ro c e sse s and o p e ra tio n s .

 LIST (Continued)

-

2

-

4« P h enols s
a * Q th e -s S)S and amOUnt8 where made* (Use Baton Rou«e P o llu tio n Surveys or
b . D eterm ine ty p e s and am ounts.
c . S tu d y p o s s ib le u s e s such ass
1 ) R eplacem ent f o r p h en o l a t t h e Phenol Lube O il P la n ts .
2 ) Growth i n h i b i t o r f o r a lg a e i n c o o lin g to w e rs .
3 ) Feed t o c a t . c ra c k e r
4 ) Use f o r Benzene P la n t

5) In secticid e
56.

7.

8.

6 ) O th e rs
N itro g e n B ases :
a . I s o l a t e and s tu d y u s e s .
F in a l C la r if ic a tio n ;
a . Review o f a l l known and su g g e ste d p ro c e s s e s . P ick o u t th e one i n each o f th e
fo llo w in g groups which seems t o o f f e r th e m ost prom ise. Get p i l o t p la n t or
p la n t s c a l e d a ta on t h i s p ro c e s s .
1 ) Com plete c l a r i f i c a t i o n - f i l t r a t i o n and o r f l o c c u la tio n p ro c e s s e s .
2 ) P a r t i a l c l a r i f i c a t i o n - hay f i l t e r s , c o a g u la to r s , a i r f l o a t a t i o n , c lo th
f i l t e r s , e tc .
3 ) A d d itio n a g e n ts - ca rb o sa n d , c la y , e t c .
b . Chem ical e x t r a c t i o n o f s o lu b le o i l s .
P o iso n s :
a . The com p o site e f f l u e n t s from each o f s e v e r a l l a r g e r e f i n e r i e s should be
e x tr a c te d and examined b y some s p e c ia l la b o r a to r y f o r p o s s ib le poisons such
a s l e a d , c y a n id e s , e t c .
S lu d g es from ta n k s and s e p a r a to r s :
a . L i s t th e s e i n each r e f i n e r y w ith am ounts and c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s .
b . A rrange f o r p la n t s i z e t e s t s on th e m ost im p o rta n t ones in th e Baton Rouge
B n u lsio n T re a tin g U n it, and o r S i l t U n it and o r i n th e Humble F i l t r a t i o n U n it.

(S in c e th e A . P .I . has a com m ittee w orking on t h i s problem , I b e lie v e we m ight l e t them
h a n d le a l l e x c e p t ( a ) . )
9 . E f f e c t o f r e f i n e r y e f f l u e n t on t a s t e o f f i s h .
a . Fundam ental re s e a rc h on’ compounds found i n r e f i n e r y e f f l u e n t s such a s m ercapt a n s , n a p h th e n a te s , n itr o g e n b a s e s, o i l s , e t c .
(S u g g e st t h i s f o r t h e A .P .I .)
D. AIR POLLUTION DETAIL:
1 . H2S:
I I
a . T o ta l amount a v a il a b l e i n each r e f i n e r y and s o u rc e . L a rg e s t so u rc e sh o u ld be
g iv e n i n d e t a i l .
b . P r e s e n t methods o f a b s o rp tio n o r n e u t r a l i z a t i o n i f any.
c . S tu d y by a com m ittee t o d eterm in e changes which would have t o be made t o g ive
an a t t r a c t i v e r e tu r n f o r i t s re c o v e ry .
d . Fundam ental re s e a rc h and stu d y o f fo llo w in g :

 SA

/?

(Continued)
- 3 -

; P
Fluid
D' 1 ‘ d- i1?
l-id cat
cat. t
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H2S to n U m -

3 ) H e 1 S ' o f nsinR „

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b! S

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kn°™ Pr°CM” 3 ^ ^

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i f added TOrk should be done.

£ i !
«
—
- —
- i t study,
c . Acquaint th e Research D ivision w ith th e
C°S t ’ e ffo c t^ e n e s s , etc.
suggest a p i l o t p la n t stu d y .
im portance o f th e problem and perhaps
Hydrocarbon Vapo r s :

“ ^ sro1^ rocarbon“
b.

ta n k s and v e s s e ls .

im ating evaporation lo sse s from

c. Continue stu d y o f methods o f measuring (b) above
d.
« . Continue stu d y o f methods o f estim atin g evaporation lrw
5. ^ o r s f

7 ^

°n ^

SO lubility of ™ f W y s tre a m s ™ Z lT r .

a . A su rv ey should be made by each re fin e ry o f lo c a tio n .
b . Fundamental rese arc h on th e use o f odor decrem ent a
c . Study on any which look s e rio u s .

jE K : c k

O il C onservation Department
A p ril 2 2 , 1953

r

3^ rat0rs‘
°d ors o r n a t e .

 A

FUNDAMENTAL research on a ir and water

p o ll u t i o n K

'a f T S w

Pr08ra“ f ° r fU ndaoental * • — «»* « " « * > «

1 * sh
s t oe uuldl d s^tuHd y103
a r ® o^ f Crd ea3ing>
means
is p o s a l. (Ba^town s e l l i n g la r g e am ount.)1 We
2 . B io lo g ic a l tre a tm e n t o f w a ste s.
3« S e g re g a tio n a t th e so u rc e s.
1 . B aro m etric v s . s u rf a c e c o n d e n se rs.
o f b a ro m e tric s lo p .

Humble now has 2 ,0 0 0 - 5,000 B/D
'

5 . T oxic m a t e r i a l s .
6 . Odor problem s.
7 . M echanics o f s e t t i n g up g e n e ra l p o llu tio n program s.
8 . Long ran g e m an u factu rin g p lan s and e f f e c t on p o llu tio n .
9 . A d e f i n i t e p o lic y on p o llu tio n .
1 0 . P o lic y on c o o p e ra tio n w ith a u t h o r i t i e s .
1 1 . A n a ly tic a l p ro c e d u re s.

JEM:ck
O il C o n serv atio n Department
A p r il 23, 1953

 c jzlc

I N T E R - O F F I C E
IS

W E S T

N E W

M A NU FACTURIN G

C O R R E S P O N D E N C E
5 I S T

Y O R K

S T R E E T

1 0 .

N.

Y.

/s

DEPARTMENT

*A > U

May 18, 1953
D r. W. C . Child
C e n tra l R efinery Loss Committee
Bayway
Dear S ir:
We have n o ted w ith i n t e r e s t your l e t t e r o f A p ril 16
concerning th e work o f th e R e fin e ry Loss Commit te e • We a re ,
of c o u rse , very much in te r e s te d i n th e work o f your committee and
th e f a c t t h a t p ro g re s s i s b ein g made i n re d u c tio n o f lo ss e s a t
most of th e r e f i n e r i e s .
With re s p e c t to th e appointm ent o f sub-com m ittees, we a re
i n concurrence w ith your recommendations. A lso, w ith th e f a c t
th a t you p la n to d is s o lv e th e se committees upon com pletion o f th e ir
a ssig n m en ts. We would l i k e to be su re t h a t the committee d ealin g
w ith th e development o f a program f o r fundam ental re se a rc h in
a i r and w ater p o llu tio n c o n tro l i s f u l l y co g n isa n t a t a l l tim es
of th e work along t h i s lin e th a t i s b e in g c a r rie d o u t by the
Smoke and Fumes Committee o f th e A .? .I . so as to av o id d u p lic a tio n
of e f f o r t .
Very t r u l y yours*
WM. HADES

Per r f L
HS: esm

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cxmtral

h%«<

«»uv

w a n i iGCfi c o m m a
P . 0 . Bax 2kk
L inden, I . J .
* 1, 1953

Mr. B . X>. B M W

stwiwi on o m ^ n t Cvm**v
1$ N u t > u t e t m t
le v T o ri C lt j

r e m it t e e f o r r s o f e m a ta l
an A ir m d V oter
P o llu tio n A V itH n t

l e e r S irs
A m * th e a r i b r r o l t t nee prop osed a t th e A p ril A m m l M oeting o f th e C e n tra l
B e flM o r horn rr— l t t ee m * one f o r th e purpose o f developing a p ra g m a f o r
fiieA n v n tal r e s ear c h l a th e f i e l d s o f a i r end e a te r p o llw tle a ib a te n a n t,
t h i e s u b e e m ltte e , w hich h as e ia e e been a p p roved by M r. Medea, v e e ld have
a e n aaftars, U r. J . B . M iller o f B aton Bouge, O a ir m n j Mr. C . K. Bunn, J r . ,
le a e Ba g ia sagi a g i M r. J . X. M eCliatoefc, o n Lees P re v en tio n O ffio e i M r. a . u.
M dtoe, Impe r i a l O U L la lte d j and M r. B . V . E g b ert* , B ee t C oaet B echaleU
S e rrle e D iv is io n . I t l e a le o a n tic ip a te d t h a t a re p re s e n ta tiv e o f the
H»Mhle o n a a d R e fla te s Coapugr v o u ld co o perate v l t h t h i s nn— i t t e e becam e
e f th e p r M ab le e f f e c t e f po l l u t i on a c t i v i t i e s oa th e c o a t o f prodoeta void
under th e B tafele/S reo P rodu c t S a le s C e a tra e t.
W hile e a r r e f in e r y e e l t s t o n , o f c o e rc e , been in te r e s te d l a b o th a i r aad
a h r p o llu t i on ebstisa—t f o r a nwM sr o f y e a rs , a c t i v i t y l a th e s e f ie ld s
h e s le e r s e e ad tn n a H e r e b y o f l a t e f a r s e v e ra l reaso n s taong which any be
a e a tlo n e d th e I na ra s s sd s e a r sue aa o f th e p u b lic e f p o s s ib le e f f h e ts o f each
pe l l e t t o e aad th e et&eegue&t a c t i v i t i e s o f v a rio u s c iv ic and g e i e r i m t
a g a m ie s . W hile, e f s o u rc e , l a m a j c a se s th e obvious a n se e r to p a lla tis e
l e g r e a te r s e re l a h e a d lin e p ro d u c ts, th e re e r e a la rg e rnsdbar o f i n i l l ana
l a w hich fv n d e a a n ta l d a te m e t b e d b ta la sd in order t o d etarm las th e a c tiv e
c o n ta a ie e a ts o r t o f l a i e p tla e a naans e f c o rre c tin g a a le tla g s itu a tio n s .
Ae e a e a p le e , a e m y m o tio n b lo lo g lc e l tr e e f a s t e f m e te s , d is p o s itio n e f
najh tb e a l i a d d s a a d p heno ls , h an d lin g e f to x ic n a t a r i a l s , d is p o s a l e f s u l­
phur eonpem ds sa d p ro d u cts o f eaafcostleo, d i a l n a tio n o f aleo ellaaao iie
odors e a d iM ro v e m n ta l a a na ly t i ca l p ro ced u res.
The eiftm nanltteo h a s n o t b a ld e s e a tin g a s y e t aad th e re fo re h es aeda no
e tte e p t t o s e le c t th e a o re u rg e n t p r obl em o r to in d ic a te th e o rg a n isa tio n s
v h ic h should be appreechod f o r c a rry in g o u t th e v e r t . I t I s o b v io u s, booo v e r, th a t an y ouch p ro g rm should be o e rrie d o u t l a clo e e co o p eratio n vitfa

 >br. 1 . D
* 7 * 1 , 1953

l a t h i s f i e l d , and we a n tic ip a te t t e m d f o r your
l a c a rry in g o u t
eoilB “ *
o r a m a g l i g n t h o u H iH a r g e & lz a tlw t h a t n
be la a
pooltlO B t o e a r r y o u t o o rta S a phases o f t h i i w ork. Z t n i l , o f oooroo,
a l» o bo B oooooarj t h a t t o « w ld d u p lic a tio n o f work b e ia g e a r n e d o a t tor
tb o Saoko a a i F w o Cem ail te e o f tb o A .P .Z . end o t t e r each o rg a n n a tio n s .
A

f t e C h a irm a , O r. M illa r , boo a lre a d y ooa ta c to d t t e n n a l t t o a by l a t t e r n t h
a ao abor o f p ro l l a l n s r y e u g g m tio n s. They p la a t o g e t to g e th e r a t mom oomt o a l o a t t i n t o f c r a n ia te a p ro g ra a . s o can t t e a ro fb r p o rta o f t t e pr agm a
t o p o u r r aeear eh p eo p le f o r ad v ice and h a lf a a la d lo o to i above, o r i t te a
boon ouggootoA by H r. M illa r t h a t i t n ig h t bo noro jp o lro b lo t o te v o o h o f
p o o r r oooo r oh bob a l t Oaua n t h t t e oom t t o o fro n t t e o t a r t l a a a e f f o r t to
O b ta la a c re background a a t e r l a l and t t e r ofo ro bo l a a b a tt e r p e a ltla a to
rw oow m d t t e b o a t procedure to r c a r r jla g o u t t t e work.
Ma w ould a p p re c ia te your co an an ts on t h i s g e n e ra l s u b je c t. Zf you care to
la d lc a to a a la d lv id m l who would a l t down n t h o u r rr— H te e wo woold bo
wary te p p y to lo v e yon do s o . Mr. C. E . B o a , J r . w i l l , o f co u rse , o d rla e
l a ra fa re a o a t o o a g ln a e rla g a a t t a r s , b u t ho l a e n tir e ly l a e g re e a o o t t h a t
d ir e c t c o n ta c t n t h s w o r n l a one o f your r e m a rch group* should be wary
v a lu a b le .
Very tr u ly y o u ra.

w . c . rand , C hairean
Cent ra l Bef le e ry Loss r w i t toe
VCCtDD
«c - M r. C. 1 . Bunn, J r .
N r. 1 . V . E g b erts
M r. 7 . I . M e d ia to c k
M r. A . D. McRae

XT. J* S . M illa r
» . Me. Baden
A t t : M r. E . Sydaor

 09?
S p

t

fiw .

(L J L

2) ^

S t a n d a r d O i l D e v e l o p m e n t Co m p a n y
15 W E S T 51 S T S T R E E T . N E W Y O R K 19. N . Y .

D. H K K V K S
KXKCUT1VK V I C K m C t l D K M T

FA S T C O AST
MAY 2 6 1953

May 2 2 , 1953

D IV IS IO N

Dr. W. C. C h ild , Chairman
C e n tra l R efin ery Loss Committee
Bayway
Dear D r. C hild:
I was v e ry much in te r e s te d i n your l e t t e r o f May 21 o u tlin in g
th e fo rm atio n o f th e Subcommittee f o r Fundamental Research on A ir and Water
P o llu tio n Abatement w ith D r. J . E. M ille r as Chairman. We c e r ta in ly agree with
you t h a t t h i s i s a problem o f e v e r-in c re a s in g im portance and t h a t i t i s very
n e c e ssa ry t h a t a l l o f us keep on to p o f th e problem . In a d d itio n t o having
Mr. Bunn serv e a s a member o f th e Committee, we would be very happy t o have a
r e p re s e n ta tiv e o f th e re se a rc h groups a ls o s i t i n w ith th e Committee.
As you may know, Mr. Naden has a lre a d y asked us t o s e le c t some
one t o fo llo w somewhat s im ila r work being c a r r ie d o u t through th e A. P. I . , and
i t seems l o g i c a l t h a t th e same person would be th e one to s i t w ith th e new
Committee. Dr. Tongberg i s now developing w ith th e o th e r departm ents j u s t who
t h i s should b e , and he w i l l l e t you know j u s t a s soon a s th e in d iv id u a l has
been s e le c te d .
Very t r u l y y o u rs.

E. D. Reeves

EDR:MBS

 -£ * n $ r
i

fu.v-M .

i? b

9 o il.

JC'dU

CENTRAL REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE
P. 0 . Box 2bh
Linden, New Jersey
May 25, 1953
D r.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.

J.
C.
R.
J.
A.

E.
Ii.
*Y.
H.
D.

M ille r
Sunn, J r .
E g b erts
McClintock
McRae

R efinery Loss Committee
Sub-Committee on
Fundamental Research on
C ontrol o f A ir and Water
P o llu tio n

Gentlemen:
You w i l l r e c a l l t h a t th e C e n tra l R efinery Loss Committee a t i t s 23rd General
m eeting i n New York l a s t month recommended th e form ation o f a sub-committee to
form ulate a program f o r fundam ental re se a rc h on th e c o n tro l o f a i r and water
p o l l u tio n . I n h i s l e t t e r o f May 1 8 , 1953, Mr. Wm. Naden gave h is approval,
and we a re ask in g you to se rv e as th e sub-com m ittee w ith Dr. J . E. M ille r as
Chairman. The Humble O il & R e fin in g Company h as ex p ressed an i n t e r e s t i n t h i s
work because o f th e e f f e c t which t h i s exchange o f in fo rm atio n may have upon the
c o s t o f p ro d u cts p urchased by Esso S tandard under t h e terms o f the Humble/Esso
P roduct S a le s C o n tra c t. Humble may th e re fo re d e sig n a te someone to work w ith your
sub-com m ittee i n t h i s f i e l d .
D r. M ille r h as a lre a d y s t a r t e d a c tio n on t h i s work by h is l e t t e r o f A p ril 22, 1953.
He has su g g ested a number o f s u b je c ts i n which fundamental re search may a s s i s t
th e p o llu tio n c o n tr o l program and has s o l i c i t e d your f a r th e r su g g estio n s. At
D r. M i l l e r 's su g g estio n we wrote to Mr. E. D. Reeves, S tandard O il Development
Company, on May 21, 1953, ask in g fo r h i s su p p o rt i n the work o f your sub-com­
m itte e and su g g ested t h a t he may wish to have one o f h is people work c lo s e ly with
you.
You w i l l a p p re c ia te , o f c o u rse , t h a t your sub-com m ittee's f i e l d i s very broad,
and we presume t h a t you w i l l c o n s u lt w ith o th e r Company o rg a n iz a tio n s , such as
th e M anufacturing T echnical Committee, which may have i n t e r e s t s i n t h i s f i e l d .
Probably you w ill a ls o w ish t o rev iew th e programs o f in d u s try groups working
along s im ila r l i n e s , such as th e A .P .I . Smoke and Runes Committee, to avoid un­
n ec e ssary d u p lic a tio n o f e f f o r t .
In c a r r y in g o u t your assignm ent, we assume t h a t you w ill d e cid e upon a l i s t of
p r o je c ts i n which fundam ental re s e a rc h w i l l h e lp th e p o llu tio n c o n tro l program,
e s ta b lis h t h e i r r e l a t i v e p r i o r i t y , and determ ine the o rg a n iz a tio n most ab le to
u n d ertak e e a c h .
Very t r u l y yours,

i

JHP/Jan
c c : Mr. ’%i. Naden A tt: Mr. H. Sydnor
Members o f th e C e n tra l R efinery Loss
Committee

uW. C. C hiild , Chairman
m

C e n tra l R efinery Loss Committee

 I N T E R - O F F I C E
15

C O R R E S P O N D E N C E

W E S T

NEW

5 1ST

YORK

S T R E E T

1 ft . N.

Y.
June ? , 1953

O IL L O S S P R E V E N T IO N O IV IS IO N

e a s t

••

^ tf la w jr L ots COMrfttM 3 u b co « n ittee an Fundamental
R esearch on C ontrol o f Alp
vd& H%wr i f r l f a t t t a ________
OLP - 29fr

E r. J . 2« H ill o r,
3uton Bongo K efln ery ,
Baton Hougs. L ouisiana
Boor J& rrla i
3 ef« ren co I s aado to your l o t t o r o f A p ril 2 2 , *nd 3111 C h ild 's l a t t e r
o f Kay 25 , b o th on th e s o o t s s u b j e c t .
Z t seen* to no th a t M i l 's l e t t e r defin es
▼«T d e e p ly th e *oop« o f o u r e o s n ltte e a s s lg n n w t, v h erees your l e t t e r p r e s e t s
e T o r y c o n p le te i n i t i a l l i s t o f p ro b len s ve fe e s In our r e f in e r ie s .
T h is l i s t
l s 9 hover o r . n o re d ir e c tly r e la te d to a p p lie d th an fn n le e s n ts l re se a rc h .
You
s ig h t v is h to ehock v ith th e o th e r c o a srttte e * sa b e rs to be s u re th a t t h e i r concept
o f th e p ro b la n co nform to th is approach.
The o n ly p ro b le a th a t Z oan th in k o f a t t h i s t i n e which s ig h t bo worthy
o f fsn d a a e n ta l re se a rc h I s on# v s b a rs d isc u sse d a ra y tin e s b e fo re , n a a e ly , de­
s u lf u r iz a tio n o f erode o i l .
Zt le sy u n d erstan d in g th a t th e API R eseareh P ro je c t
on th e O ccurrence end Recovery o f P e tro le u a in c lu d e s sons work on s u lf u r in crude.
N r. V. i>. 3 e y frie d o f th e Suable O il A R efin in g Cosrpeny i s ohsirnan o f th e ©©■aittee
d ir e c tin g t i d e w ork.
P erhaps you would v en t %e o b ta in N r. S e y frle d 'e views on th e
e o s B itte e 'e programA nother n n tte r on which you n ig h t w ish to s o l i c i t th e w l t t e e 'i views
r e la te s to th e v a lu e which n ig h t r e s u lt from a survey o f th e l i t e r a t u r e on funda­
m ental re s e a rc h i n a i r end w ater p o llu tio n .
S t a lg h t be v is e to o b ta in sn in s ig h t
In to what h as been done b e fo re ve sak e rs e e — sed atio n s a s to what needs to be done.
X c e r ta in ly a g re e th a t v e should g iro t h i s c o a n itte e program th e a tts n tle n
i t needs to g e t p ro n p t a c tio n .
You n ig h t, th e re fo re , v is h be schedule a n e stin g o f
th e group f a i r l y prom ptly.
X would be ro sy g la d to be o f h e lp i f y en v is h to h eld
th e n e s tin g h e re In Rev Y ork.
Any t i n e between J u ly 17 and August 5 would be
s a tis f a c to r y to n o .
Tory tr u ly y o u rs.
JHHeC/gos
oo - Mr. C. H. Bunn. J r .
I* . * . C. C h i l d /
Me* I *)# MsvO

 ^O'y O 9 ?

A c; L j

CENTRAL REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE
F. 0 . Box 2Lii
Linden, New J e rs e y
June 11, 1953
R efin ery Loss Committee
Sub-Committee on
Fundamental Research on
C ontrol o f A ir and Water
P o llu tio n

Dr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.

J.
C.
R.
J.
A.

E.
H.
W.
H.
D.

M ille r
Bunn, J r .
E gberts
McClintock
McRae

Gentlemens
The Humble O il & R efining Company has d esig n a ted Mr. E. 0. Camp,
S e c tio n Head, R esearch and Development D iv isio n , Baytown R efin ery ,
to serv e as i t s g u e st re p re s e n ta tiv e on your R efin ery Loss Committee
Sub-Committee on fundam ental re se a rc h on c o n tro l o f a i r and w ater
p o llu tio n . Humble has v o lu n teered to p a r t ic i p a t e in th is work
because o f i t s b earin g on th e c o s t o f p roducts s o ld under th e terms
o f th e Humble/Esso Product S a le s C o n tract.
We a re sending Humble a copy o f our May 25, 1953 l e t t e r to you,
confirm ing th e appointm ent o f your sub-com m ittee. P lea se keep
Mr. Camp ad v ised o f th e a c t i v i t i e s o f your sub-com m ittee.
Very t r u l y yours,

JKp/mm
ccs Mr. Wm. Naden A tts Mr. H. Sydnor
Members o f th e C e n tra l R efinery
Loss Committee

W. C. C h ild , unairman
C e n tra l R e fin e ry Loss Committee

 MINUTES OF THE FIRST MEETING OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON AIR AND WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH OF
THE CENTRAL REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE

The f i r s t m eeting o f th e C e n tra l R efinery Loss Committee Subcommittee
on A ir and Water P o llu tio n Research was h e ld i n New York on J u ly 28. The f o l­
low ing members and g u e sts were p re se n t:
Dr. J . E. M ille ri Chairman
Esso S tan d ard O il Company
Baton Rouge R efinery

Dr. E. S. Comer*
S tandard O il Development Company
Research D ivision

Mr. C. H. Bunn, J r .
S tandard O il Development Company
Esso E ngineering Department

Mr. R. W. Egberts
Esso Standard O il Company
E ast Coast T echnical S ervice Div.

Mr. E. Q. Camp*
Humble O il & R efining Company
Baytown R efinery

Mr. J . H. McClintock
Esso Standard O il Company
O il Loss P revention D ivision

Dr. W. C. Child*
Esso S tandard O il Company
E ast Coast D ivision

Mr. A. D. McRae
Im p erial O il Limited
Engineering D ivisio n

*Guest
The Humble O il & R e fin in g Company was re p re se n te d sin c e a re d u c tio n in the
c o s t o f p o llu tio n c o n tr o l which might r e s u l t from re se a rc h recommended by the
Subcommittee could b e n e f ic ia lly a f f e c t th e c o s ts o f p roducts purchased by
Esso from Humble under th e Product S a le s C o n tract.
L is ts o f su g g ested s u b je c ts f o r re se a rc h had been subm itted by each
o f th e members p r io r t o th e m eeting. Each o f th e se s u b je c ts was c a re fu lly
review ed and d isc u s s e d .
In a d d itio n th e Subcommittee reviewed th e follow ing
comprehensive l i s t s o f re se a rc h now b ein g done by v ario u s o rg a n iz a tio n s:
1 . The $250,000 A .P .I . a i r p o llu tio n re se a rc h program.
2 . The American Chemical S o c ie ty Symposium on w aste d isp o s a l problems o f th e
Petroleum in d u s try .
3 . The manual and b ib lio g ra p h y prepared by th e M anufacturing Chemists
A sso c ia tio n on a i r p o llu tio n .
U, The symposium on w ater p o llu tio n a s compiled by th e annual m eeting a t Purdue.
The s tu d ie s showed t h a t most o f th e im portant waste d isp o s a l problems
were being s tu d ie d by one group o r a n o th e r. The Subcommittee f e l t , however,
t h a t th e fo u r item s below should be recommended f o r fundamental re search by our
company:
1 . D e s u lfu riz a tio n o f Crude O i l : S u ccessfu l development and a p p lic a tio n o f
t h i s p ro c e ss would e lim in a te a h o st o f a i r and w ater p o llu tio n problems a t

 th e ir source.

Thp c. a._.

S s s S 1r• aa# ot . tCorner
E “'

® s

Removal of Suspend j «

s S I I S i g K & S S
£Assigned
« to■ Hr.- C."H. -Bunn.w J r . L s t a g : ~

S ^
- r : d°

« *“ ■ —
so lid p a rtic le s which w«n?Hflu e n t would be Passed t h ^ o n ^ h c o n v e n t i o n a l
Assigned t o Mr. R. w. Egb e rts
A. Recovery of sno.

o f fu rth e r study.

t«

flu id cok« " are

.

Each°ofhth*«*f ° Ur problems * six more were select

J* ~^ljnination 2£ Blue Haze-

rI iia

h»

S S . - L -2

3& -

cessfu l as a fu e l o i l ad d itiv e fo r b l u e ^ L f , ' Dolomite has not been suci s T ^ r V " ! ? ! l i t e r a t u r « ^ d some X r o t i ^ T ^
HoWeTCr- studies
£ £ * \ X

? l °« . t Z

£ te r U U -

in d icate pra-

 our^froubiesom e^w asftP chem icals

u s e fu l products.
Assigned t o Mr. J . H. McClintock

t 0 develoP u ses f o r some of

evelop ways o f converting them in to

Assigned t o Mr. E. Q. Camp
b - in v e stig a te d ?U 3tr7 US6S *
Assigned t o Mr. E. Q. Camp

° f d isP°s a l tbab we have not h ith e rto

C' r e Z e T h ° f Phr ° 13' naphthenic aoids «K» o th er sale a b le m aterials would
S : r t mbth:dsSo f r : ^
USfci0 di3POSal- “ ^
be - a ib ia to develop
Assigned t o Dr. E. S. Corner
!
1X356
tb t s process i s to
flo c c u la tio n s u f f e r s ^ r ^ ^ ^ e ^ s i J e ^ h e ^ i S l ^ t i r ^ S ^ ^ ^ ,
t a i n s dissolved magnesium and calcium which can be re a d ily p re c ip ita te d bv
^ T ta in
« » t « s . These p re c ip ita te s would7s e S t
m an otherw ise conventional flo c c u la tio n process.
Assigned to Mr. E. Q. Camp
5; jn -p ?Vf ment ?f S,™k eless E3*res:

The Esso Engineering Department smokeless

l e « a n a r f Y e l 5 eP ° tiV e but has a h i «b s t e a m \ e q u i r e i n t f “

IfltJ th l
A
3X e “

?h

th “

s^ke-

!FS h5 l e . nOW apPeared» one o f which i s reported to req u ire le ss
. ES ?°c!n^ i edrin g DeP3rtnent d e si«" and tb e ° th -n e .

fa c tu re ^as'a'^precoat'm edium.”6” Pr° CeSS “ “ * “ * •
Assigned to Mr. C. H. Bunn, ’J r .

fra " ^

—

.
?? a d d itio n , although i t does not appear very promising, Dr. Corner
w ill in v e stig a te th e p o s s ib ility o f resolving o i l in w ater emulsions by the
use of u ltra so n ic energy.
Also, th e Subcommittee makes the follow ing two recommendations:
1. The importance o f including adequate waste d isp o sal f a c i l i t i e s in new u n its
i s recognized and endorsed by management. However, th e Subcommittee fe e ls th a t

 si n ys u fsf i csi ern t

“ ? r —re<£ ?is? ? -3tage with

c o n s id e r a tio n having been g iv en t o
sy stem , t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r checking d e sig n s r
d is p o s a l. With th e p re se n t
g e t t i n g s o lu t i o n s developed and in clu d ed i n th e d e l i s t s
“ d
p eo p le
The S ubconm ittee r e c o r d s t h a t t h i s r e s p e c t ? Z 7 ^ n
Z J ' i ° 1 ° " f “ J " Pr ° c e s s development and d e sig n o rg a n is a tio n s . In t h i s way
w a s.e d is p o s a l would be c o n s id e re d , a s i t sh ould b e, from th e e a r ly process
d e v e lo p n en t s ta g e th ro u g h th e f i n a l d e sig n s ta g e . The Subcommittee s h e e t s
t h a t one man be so a s s ig n e d i n each o f th e fo llo w in g o rg a n iz a tio n s :
“
S ta n d a rd O il Development Co.

P ro cess D ivisio n
Esso E ngineering, P rocess Engineering
.
R esearch D iv isio n ( f o r a d d itiv e s)
Esso L a b o ra to rie s a t Baton Rouge L ouisiana
Im p e ria l
R esearch Department
E ngineering Div. o f M anufacturing Dept.
Rumble a lr e a d y has th r e e men so assig n ed a t Baytown, one each i n Research and
developm ent. T ech n ical S e rv ic e , and P rocess E n g in eerin g . I t might p o ssib ly be
d e s ir a b le t o extend th e recommended system t o th o se r e f in e r ie s which d o a n
a p p re c ia b le amount o f d esig n work them selves.
2 . A q u e s tio n was r a is e d a s t o how we can ta k e f u l l advantage o f th e mass o f
m a te ria l t h a t i s p u b lish ed on p o llu tio n and w aste d is p o s a l. I t was g e n e ra lly
agreed t h a t th e S tandard O il Development L ib ra ry B u lle tin has been inadequate
in t h i s f i e l d . Mr. Bunn p o in te d out t h a t he had r e c e n tly b rie fe d th e L ibrary
a b s tr a c to r s on what ty p e m a te ria l should be in clu d ed i n th e B u lle tin . I t was
a l s o p o in te d o u t t h a t th e r e a r e o th e r a b s tr a c t p u b lic a tio n s covering th ese
f i e l d s . With th e s e p o in ts i n mind th e Subcom nittee recommended t h a t a c a re fu l
stu d y be made t o see how a l l t h i s inform ation could be made a v a ila b le t o those
who needed i t .

J . E. MILLER, Chairman
R. W. EGBERTS, S e c re ta ry

JEM:ck
O il C onservation Department
O ctober 7, 1953

 MEMORANDUM OK RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 0!

pollution;

About a y e a r ago th e C e n tra l R efin ery Loss Committee chairman appointed
th e fo llo w in g committee t o stu d y t h i s problem:
J . H. McClintock
C. H. 3unn, J r .
A. D. McRae

J . E. M ille r , Chairman
R. W. Egberts

E. S. Corner*
E. Q. Camp*
W. C. Child*

*Guests
The Committee has done a g r e a t d e a l o f work on th e problem and has re ­
viewed th e re se a rc h work being done under th e follow ing programs:
1 . The $250,000 A . P . I . a i r p o llu tio n re se a rc h program.
2 . The American Chemical Society Symposium on w aste d isp o s a l problems o f th e
petroleum in d u s try .
3 . The manual and b ib lio g ra p h y prepared by th e M anufacturing Chemists A ssociation
on a i r p o llu tio n .
U. The symposium on w ater p o llu tio n a s compiled by th e annual meeting a t Purdue.
5 . Complete l i s t o f a l l p ro je c ts being done i n U nited S ta te s u n iv e r s itie s and
re se a rc h i n s t i t u t i o n s .
6 . Work o f th e A .P .I . Committee on D isposal o f R efin ery W astes.
At th e re c e n t m eeting in B altim ore o f th e C e n tra l Loss Committee a l i s t
was p resen ted of th e problems which th e Committee f e l t to be worthy o f fundamental
re se a rc h by our Company. The problems were d isc u sse d a t some len g th w ith M essrs.
E. S . C om er, R. B. Long and R. M. Shepardson o f th e Development Company who were
v e ry h e lp f u l in p o in tin g o u t th e in fo rm atio n th e y would need on each p ro je c t and
on th e problem in g e n e ra l i n o rd e r t o j u s t i f y re search on th e program. In l i n e with
t h e i r su g g estio n s we a re l i s t i n g below th e s p e c ific problems upon which enough
re se a rc h i s n o t b e in g done by o th e r ag en cies which need s o lu tio n to keep our r e f in ­
e r i e s o u t o f tro u b le .
1 . D e s u lfu riz a tio n o f Crude O il: The su c c e ssfu l developnent and a p p lic a tio n o f
t h i s p ro cess would e lim in a te a h o st o f a i r and -water p o llu tio n problems. ^ It
ap p ears t h a t th e re s e a rc h people r e a l iz e t h i s and a re ap p ly in g as much e f f o r t as
p r a c t i c a l t o t h i s problem . I t i s mentioned ag ain because o f i t s im portance.
2 . Removal of Small Amounts o f O il and o r N aphthenates and S u lfo n ates from
E f f lu e n ts : Every Esso r e f in e r y except perhaps E v e re tt i s plagued w ith occasional
d isc h a rg e o f e f f ln e n ts co n tain in g 20 t o 60 p.p.m . o f o i l which breaks out a t the
o u t f a l l t o cause a bad ap p earin g scum o r o i l accum ulation. This r e s u lts because
th e h e a v ie r th a n w ater t a r s , a s p h a lts , s o lid s o r chem icals a r e mixed i n th e sewers
•with l i g h t e r than w ater m a te ria ls such a s l i g h t o i l s , f lo e s , a lg a e , s a n ita ry

' iijjtt
Cr"

111

 jpt
CENTRAL REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE

J a n u a r y 7 , 1955

M r. E . D . R e e v e s , E x e c u tiv e V ic e P r e s i d e n t
S t a nd a r d O i l D evelopm ent Company
1 5 W est 5 1 s t S t r e e t
New Y o rk , New Y ork

R e s e a rc h on
P o l l u t i o n C o n tro l

D ear S ir:

T he C e n t r a l R e f i n e r y L o ss C om m ittee h a s b e e n g iv e n t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y b y th e
E s s o M anagem ent f o r re v ie w in g p o l l u t i o n o f a i r a n d w a te r a t o u r r e f i n e r i e s
a n d h a s b e e n a s k e d t o make recom m endations i n r e f e r e n c e t o p ro g ram s o f s tu d y
a n d p r o c e d u r e s w h ich s h o u ld b e fo llo w e d i n c o n n e c tio n w i t h o u r m a n u fa c tu rin g
o p e r a t i o n s . O ur r e q u ir e m e n ts i n t h i s f i e l d a r e d i c t a t e d , i n p a r t , b y l e g a l
r e g u l a t i o n s , b u t o f e v e n m ore s i g n i f i c a n c e , b y o u r p o l i c y o f e n d e a v o rin g t o be
good n e ig h b o r s a t a l l t i m e s . The m o n e ta ry i n c e n t i v e h a s b e e n , a n d p ro b a b ly
w i l l c o n tin u e t o b e , o f m in o r im p o rta n c e .
i n a t t e m p t i n g t o p r e p a r e r e a l i s t i c lo n g -ra n g e p ro g ram s i t w as a p p a r e n t t h a t
t h e r e a r e a num ber o f p r o j e c t s w h ich r e q u i r e r e s e a r c h w o rk . We, t h e r e f o r e ,
a s k e d D r . J a r v i s M i l l e r o f t h e B a to n R ouge o r g a n i z a t i o n t o a c t a s ch airm an o f
a su b c o m m itte e t o re v ie w t h e w ork d o n e b y o t h e r s i n th o s e f i e l d s , and t o make
re c o m m e n d a tio n s f o r f u t u r e work t h a t s h o u ld b e d o n e . T h e i r re v ie w c o v e re d th e
w ork o f o u r company a n d a f f i l i a t e s , a n d t h e A . P . I . Smoke a n d Fumes C om m ittee,
t h e M a n u fa c tu rin g C h e m ists A s s o c i a t i o n , t h e A m erican C h em ical s o c i e t y , and
v a r i o u s u n i v e r s i t y and r e s e a r c h i n s t i t u t i o n s .
As a r e s u l t o f t h i s s t u d y , t h e com m ittee h a s f o u r p r o p o s a l s f o r r e s e a r c h
w h ich we s u g g e s t f o r y o u r c o n s i d e r a t i o n . T h ese a r e l i s t e d b elo w w ith some
p e r t i n e n t com m ents:
1.

D i s p o s a l o f S p e n t Sodas

O f t h e s e f o u r ite m s we f e e l t h a t t h e p r o p e r d i s p o s i t i o n o f s p e n t so d a s i s th e
m o st u r g e n t . W h ile t h i s h a s r e c e iv e d some a t t e n t i o n i n t h e p a s t , th e s i t u a t i o n
i s b eco m in g i n c r e a s i n g l y m ore c r i t i c a l a t o u r r e f i n e r i e s . A c id t r e a t i n g h a s
b e e n a lm o s t c o m p le te ly r e p la c e d o v e r t h e p a s t s e v e r a l y e a r s b y h y d r o f in in g ,
e o d a f i n i n g , c l a y t r e a t i n g a n d o t h e r p r o c e s s e s . A t t h e same tim e , t h e u s e o f
a l k a l i n e t r e a t i n g a g e n t s , p a r t i c u l a r l y c a u s t i c s o d a , h a s b e e n i n c r e a s i n g and
c u r r e n t p r o c e d u r e s u s u a l l y c a l l f o r d i s c a r d i n g t h e s e s p e n t so d a s t o t h e se w e rs.

 These a re causing in c re a sin g d i f f i c u l t i e s a t most o f
our r e f in e r ie s .
These sp en t sodas a re o f th re e ty p es, those involving s u lf id e s , phenolates
and naphthenates. They may be discarded s e p a ra te ly , but a re freq u en tly mixed
b e fo re r e le a s e .
S u lfid e b ea rin g w aters may a lso contain some m ercaptides. In th e presence o f
3
f id ! 8 lib e r a te hydrogen s u lfid e w ith i t s c h a ra c te ris tic odor
a
* S u lfid e 8treams fre q u e n tly produce black water as
a r e s u l t o f re a c tio n w ith iro n o r o th e r m etal s a l t s , and they always
c o n trib u te h e a v ily to high biochemical oxygen demand. Some s ta te s already
nave maximum BOC requirem ents and th e re i s no qu estio n but th a t a d d itio n a l laws
'ZT1 < enacted in th e n o t too d is ta n t f u tu r e . Black w ater e fflu e n t i s most
u n d esirab le a s i t v is u a lly a d v e rtiz e s th e presence o f p o llu tio n .
P henolates a re p a r tic u la r ly serio u s a t r e f in e r ie s s itu a te d on fre s h w ater.
Baton Rouge, S arn ia and B illin g s have been p a r tic u la r ly c r itic iz e d , w ith g reat­
e s t p re ssu re perhaps being placed on S a rn ia . R igid maximums have been s e t by
le g a l a u th o r itie s and i t i s a b so lu te ly necessary th a t discharges be corrected
t o s ta y below th ese requirem ents.
N aphthenates a re u su a lly bad em ulsifying agents c o n trib u tin g to em u lsificatio n
and subsequent discharge o f o i l w ith th e re fin e ry e f f lu e n t. At th e same time,
th e y c o n trib u te h e a v ily to th e biochem ical oxygen demand. The p o s s ib ility of
s a le o f products from th e phenolate o r naphthanate sources should not be
fo rg o tte n .
2.

D esulphurlcation o f Crude O il

T his problem involves th e general sulphur le v e l o f our crude and o th e r processing
s to c k s . Many o f our u n d esirab le d isc a rd s , e ith e r to th e a i r o r to liq u id
e f f lu e n ts , co n tain sulphur in some form. Any p ro cess, th e re fo re , which w ill
reduce th e sulphur in crude o i l o r i n o th e r pro cessin g stocks w ill be very
e f f e c tiv e i n reducing p o llu tio n . We know th a t you have alread y c a rrie d out a
g re a t d e a l o f work i n t h i s f i e l d , b u t a re mentioning i t again to re-emphasize
i t s im portance.
3*

C ontrol o f SO3 Formation Before and A fte r Combustion

We must assume th a t a c e r ta in amount o f sulphur dioxide w ill continue to be
discharged to th e a i r , p r in c ip a lly in flu e gas from fu rn aces. I t i s im portant,
however, th a t i t i s n o t converted t o sulphur trio x id e . The l a t t e r contributes
t o blue haze and eye sm arting, and anything t h a t w ill reduce o r elim inate i t
w i l l be very v alu ab le.
1+.

W aste W ater E f f l u e n t C l a r i f i c a t i o n

I t i s o n l y a m a t t e r o f tim e b e f o r e we w i l l b e r e q u i r e d t o rem ove a&l t r a c e s o f
o i l a n d o t h e r o b j e c t i o n a b l e m a t e r i a l fro m o u r l i q u i d e f f l u e n t s . H igh c a p a c ity
f i l t e r s , e l e c t r i c a l p r e c i p i t a t o r s , t r i c k l i n g f i l t e r s , f l o c c u l a t i o n , a c ti v a t e d
s l u d g e , la g o o n in g , a n d a i r f l o t a t i o n o f f e r p o s s i b l e s o l u t i o n s . A d d itio n a l work
o n t h e s e a n d o t h e r p r o c e s s e s s h o u ld b e done t o p e r m it recom m endations a s t o
t h e m o st e f f e c t i v e m eth o d s.

 - 3 -

f L 'a f
^ P°r t a n t * * * a11 new Pr ° J e c t ® ^ s e lf-c o n ta in e d i n so
tS e in ^ n d ^ i ^
^ co n cern ed . We know t h a t your e n g in eerin g people have
t& ls I n m ind i n t h e i r d e s ig n o f equipm ent, b u t we b e lie v e i t d e s ir a b le to
em phasize i t a t t h i s tim e .
We b e l ie v e t h a t th e above in d ic a te s th e a re a s where r e s e a rc h may be o f g r e a te s t
b e n e f i t i n th e f i e l d o f p o l l u t i o n . We w i l l be g la d t o s i t down and review any
p h a s e s o f t h i s work w ith you o r your people a t a convenient tim e.
Very t r u l y y o u rs,

W illiam C . C h ild , Chairman
C e n tra l R e fin e ry Loss Committee

WCCrtod

c c : - M r. C h a rle s L eet
M r. H. G. M angeIsdorf
M r. H. Sydnor
Members o f C e n tr a l R e fin e ry Loss Committee

 i

n

t

e

r

O F F I C E
l

•

r i s I A

B A T O N

C O R R E S P O N D E N C E
A

D I V I S I O N

• « « « .

LA.

6391 Goodwood Avenue
Baton Rouge, L ouisiana
Mr. C. H. Bunn, J r .
Esso E n g in eerin g Department
S tan d ard O il Development Company
P . 0 . Box 121
L inden, New J e rs e y

Mr. R. W. E gberts
Bayway R efin ery
Esso S tandard O il Company
P. 0 . Box 222
Linden, New J e rs e y

Mr. E. Q. Camp
Humble O il & R e fin in g Company
P . 0 . Box 3538
Baytown, Texas

Mr. J . H. McClintock
Esso S tandard O il Company
15 West 51 st S t r e e t
New York 1 9 , New York

D r. E. S. Corner
Esso L a b o ra to rie s
S tan d ard O il Development Company
P . 0 . Box 51
L inden, New J e rs e y

Mr. A. D. McRae
Im p e rial O il L td .
56 Church S t r e e t
Toronto 2 , O n ta rio
Canada

Dear S ir s :
I am a tta c h in g a copy o f th e m inutes o f th e Subconm ittee meet­
in g in J u ly . I have changed th e m inutes a s w r itte n by th e S e c re ta ry t o
show th e f i r s t fo u r item s a s th o se recommended f o r subm ission t o th e
C e n tra l R e fin e ry Loss Conm ittee. I b e lie v e we v o ted t o submit th ese
four.
You r e c a l l i t was planned t h a t th e se and th e o th e r s ix item s
would be review ed by v a rio u s members b e fo re th e m e e tin g . However, I
f e e l su re th e r e w i l l n o t be tim e t o do t h i s now. . For t h i s re a so n , I
su g g e st a b a l l o t by m a il t o decid e what to p re se n t t o th e F a ll Planning
m eetin g . P le a s e f i l l i n th e a tta c h e d b a llo t and r e tu r n t o me as promptly
a s p o s s ib le .
Yours very t r u l y ,

JARVIS E. MILLER

JEM:ck
Attachment
cc: Dr . W. C. C h ild

 0F THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH TO BE PRESENTED TO THE
CENTRAL REFINBIY LOSS COMMITTEE ON APRIL 12. 195L - ______________________

The Committee has d isc o v e re d no s t a r t l i n g su g g e stio n s f o r Fundamental
R e s e a rc h . However, th e fo llo w in g problem s ap p ear t o be s e rio u s enough to
w a rra n t c a r e f u l s tu d y b y th e Rooea r eh DiTi s i w ; S' o &
! • D e s u lf u r iz a tio n o f Crude O ils The s u c c e s s fu l development and a p p lic a tio n of
t h i s p ro c e s s would e lim in a te a h o s t o f a i r and w ater p o llu tio n problem s. I t
a p p e a rs t h a t th e r e s e a r c h peo p le r e a l i z e t h i s and a r e a p p ly in g a s much e f f o r t
a s p r a c t i c a l t o t h i s problem . I t i s m entioned ag a in because o f i t s im portance.
2 . Removal o f sm all amounts o f o i l and o r nap h th en ates o r s u lfo n a te s from e f f lu e n t
w a te r s . The re d u c tio n should be from ab o u t 50 ppm t o 20 ppm. The use o f
e l e c t r i c d e s a l t e r te c h n iq u e s f o r rem oving o i l from e f f lu e n ts m ight be c o n sid e re d .
3 . The fo llo w in g were n o ted a s e x i s t i n g so u rc e s o f p o llu tio n . The Committee
reconmends t h a t th e s e be brought t o th e a tte n tio n o f Development Company so
t h a t th e y w i l l c o n tin u e t o be on th e a l e r t f o r p o s s ib le c o r re c tiv e m easures:
a . Removal o f suspended s o lid s from l i q u i d e f f l u e n t s . Methods f o r econom ically
rem oving sm all amounts o f suspended s o lid s from chem ical waste w ater should
b e s tu d ie d . P re c o a t f i l t r a t i o n i s e f f e c tiv e b u t v e ry ex p en siv e. An economi­
c a l method could b e a p p lie d i n most r e f i n e r i e s .
b . S02 rem oval from f lu e g a s . A g r e a t d e a l o f work i s b ein g done on a i r p o l^ l u t i o n by th e A .P .I . and o th e r o rg a n iz a tio n s . However, th e r e does n o t seem
*”
t o be much work i n p ro g re ss on th e rem oval o f S02 from f lu e g a se s. In view
f
o f i t s im portance i n a i r p o llu tio n c o n s id e ra tio n s o f new and o r novel methods
sh o u ld be s tu d ie d . The new " f l u i d c h a r" p ro cess m ight g iv e an answer t o th e
problem .
c . M ercaptan and p h en o l d is p o s a l. Feeding th e s e m a te ria ls t o th e hydrod e s u lf u r iz e r , th e c a t a l y t i c c ra c k in g u n i t s o r t o p ro c e sse s which would
y i e l d s a le a b le m a te r ia ls should be co n sid ered .
d . New t r e a t i n g m ethods. The p re s e n t t r e a t i n g methods u sin g c a u s tic and a c id
te n d t o form em ulsions which cause p o llu tio n . W ater washing o f p roducts
o f te n does th e same. Methods o f e lim in a tin g th e s e p ro c e sse s would be v ery
h e lp fu l.
The s a le o f w aste p ro d u c ts i s one v e ry good method o f e lim in a tin g
o b je c tio n a b le m a te ria ls from th e e f f l u e n t s . Mr. O.V. T racy has suggested t h a t
th e s tu d y o f th e s e w astes i s b e t t e r handled i f done by th e in d iv id u a l r e f in e r y
w ith E n jay . The Committee reconmends t h a t th e C e n tra l Loss Committee s e t up an
e f f e c t i v e method o f g e t t i n g th e in d iv id u a l r e f i n e r i e s to check t h e i r o b je c tio n a b le
w a ste s w ith Enjay f o r p o s s ib le s a le .

JEM:ck
O il C o n serv atio n Department
A p ril 8 , 195A

FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH SUBCOMMITTEE
Merabers-C.H. Bunn, J r . Guests-E.Q.Camp
A.D. McRae
E.S.C orner
W.M. Drout
J .H . McClintock
J .E . M ille r , Chairman

 1
S t a n d a r d O il De v e l o p m e n t Co m p a n y
15 W E S T 51 ST S T R E E T . N E W Y O R K 19. N . Y .

>. HKKVR8
tXICVTIVt VICKrNmiDINT

MAY 2 6 1953

May 22, 1953

D IV IS IO N

Dr. W. C. C h ild , Chairman
C e n tra l R efinery Loss Committee
Bayway
Dear Dr. C hild:
I was very much in te re s te d in your l e t t e r o f May 21 o u tlin in g
th e form ation o f th e Subcommittee f o r Fundamental Research on Air and Water
P o llu tio n Abatement w ith D r. J . E. M ille r as Chairman. We c e r ta in ly agree with
you t h a t t h i s i s a problem o f e v e r-in c re a sin g importance and th a t i t i s very
n ec e ssary t h a t a l l o f us keep on to p o f th e problem. In a d d itio n t o having
Mr. Bunn serv e as a member o f th e Committee, we would be very happy to have a
re p re s e n ta tiv e o f th e re se a rc h groups a ls o s i t in with th e Committee.
As you may know, Mr. Naden has a lre a d y asked us t o s e le c t some
one t o follow somewhat s im ila r work being c a rrie d o u t through th e A. P. I . , and
i t seems lo g ic a l th a t th e same person would be th e one t o s i t w ith th e new
Committee. Dr. Tongberg i s now developing w ith th e o th e r departm ents j u s t who
t h i s should b e, and he w i l l l e t you know j u s t a s soon a s th e in d iv id u a l has
been s e le c te d .
Very t r u l y y o u rs .

E. D. Reeves

EDR: MBS

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pox P9P
fd /:

£ O bi-

IIs

ruA++t / ? £

0 o-

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n

CENTRAL REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE
P. O* Box 2kk
Linden, New Je rse y
August 27, 1953
Fundamental Research
Lir P o llu tio n

D r. J . E. M ille r
Baton Rouge R efinery
Dear S irs
As C hairaan o f th e R efin ery Loss Sub-Committee fo r Fundamental Research on
A ir and ffater P o U u tio n , you may be in te r e s te d i n th e attach ed copy o f a
l e t t e r d ated August 5 , 1953, from Mr. R . M. Shepardson to Mr. Mb. Naden.
t h 2t “ **• ^ e p a rd so n has been appointed Chairman o f
^
^
A™ SSry Cormnittee follow ing some o f th e re search p ro je c ts
sponsored by th e API Snoke and Fumes Committee. Mr. Shepardson l i s t s the
eleven p r o je c ts b ein g s tu d ie d by t h i s committee and in d ic a te s th a t he w ill
re c e iv e p ro g re ss r e p o rts o f th e work b ein g done on each .
Mr. Shepardson h as k in d ly o ffe re d t o keep your Sub-Committee advised o f the
p ro g re s s on th e Snoke and Fumes Committee p r o je c ts . He w ill do t h i s through
rvT-T n
i 0rn! r ^ th e ^ e s t meraber o f your Subcom m ittee from the Standard
ir
r®v e i°Pment Company. In r e tu r n you may wish to ask D r. Corner t o keeD
Mr. Shepardson inform ed on th e p lan s and a c t i v i t i e s o f your Sub-Committee*.
Iff* f ^ P 8^ 3011 ad v ises t h a t th e "2nd Technical and A dm inistrative re p o rt on
A ir P o llu tio n in Los Angeles County, 1950-1951" i s an e x c e lle n t source of
g e n e ra l in fo rm atio n on th e . a i r p o llu tio n problem . In case you do n o t alread y
have a copy, i t may be o b tain ed from th e A ir P o llu tio n C ontrol D is tr ic t,
County o f Los A ngeles, Santa Fe Avenue, Los Angeles, C a lifo rn ia .
Very t r u l y yours,

JHP/jan
A ttach
ccs Mr.
D r.
Mr.
Mr.

n . P r e s c o tt, S ecretary
C e n t R e f i n e r y Loss Committee
C. H. Bunn, J r .
E. S . Corner
Mb. Naden A tt: Mr. H. Sydnor
R. M. Shepardson

 COPY
ESSO LABORATORIES
Standard O il Development Company
PROCESS DIVISION
R.
Shepardson D ire c to r
W. Schumacher Assoc. D irecto r
0 . Belden
A. C. P a tte rso n
A sst. D irecto rs
A. B# W elty, J r .

P. 0 . Box 121
Linden, N. J .
August 5 , 1953

Mr. W illiam Naden
M anufacturing D ept.
15 West 5 l s t S tre e t
New York, N. Y.
Dear Mr. N aden:-

The fo llo w in g tuD p r o je c ts a re p re s e n tly being s tu d ie d a t Stanford?
1.

#

A Study o f th e Mechanism o f th e Reaction Leading to th e Formation
o f Ozone i n P o llu te d I n d u s tr ia l Atmospheres.

2* Th®f D? ! ^ 1°!T n t f t “ ethod f o r
D eterm ination o f the Amount
o r T o ta l Organic Substances i n P o llu te d I n d u s tr ia l Atmospheres.
soon sored ° h r a ^ b«r o f e e p a r a te p r o je c ts a t s e v e ra l l o c a t i a r s a re being
sponsored^ty th e A j P a l .^ p k e & fW es Committee, the attachm ent h e re to l i s t i n g
ineae p r o je c ts and th e lo c a tio n o f the s tu d ie s . I have re a u e ste d and
nL
S ^ h e , attachm ent sh ^ d Pr° J? Ct A_d 7l s o r 3r C< ® n itte e s to th e p r o je c ts shown
O^der
re c e iv e a l l pro g ress l e t t e r s from each p r o je c t, in
' “ i t t s e can be th o roughly f a m ilia r w ith a l l of th e work being
S" 0ke 4 !™ e s Committee. A fte r t h i s inform ation i s receiv ed 8
a tl^ i
e? 7° ° i dvl? ed o f th e h ig h lig h ts o f t h i s re search work. I f
fOTther aS3iSta“Ce 111 th iS
P i—
* n o t h e s iVeiy t r u l y yours.
RMSsfph
Attachment
c c : M essrs.

(Signed)
E. D# Reeves
W. J . Sweeney
C. 0 . Tongberg
C. E# Paules
A tt'n : Mr. C# H. Bunn, J r .

Shepardson

 RESEARCH PROJECTS OF
ajOKB AND POMES C O turrm
PROJECT 1 :
*hb

m

° i a j s 'm u i ‘ s c a ie o f

NIQUES T
o THE DETERMINATION n p ^ p p ^ ICATICN 0F TBACER TECHSION FROM A GIVEN SOURCE.
PATH 0F GASS AFTER EMIS<* W of
spociiying a maximum expenditure

♦15, 000. 00. .

.

PROJECT 2:

op fartiallt

™ !?gfS = ® S PRESENT I l S

C

o

S

r ™

*

on_

™ ® D

XSSOZRO M
S e5 $ n 7 a

g g g } - - * ■ * contract

PROJECT 3 :

S

X

T

pS

S

I

« £ “ “? »

» * « » ■

«

JITTER, WHICH SHOULD
AND PAR™ULATB
^OKE AND FUMES COMMITTEE^ PROJECTS^ ** CCNNECTICN "T™ THE
g &
♦5,COO.0 0 ..

« « - . ■>- —
«
_
specilying a maximum expenditure of

PROJECT h :

“

J

PROJECT 5 :

iCID PRESENT IN PILOTED
ihraktation bt sunlight ?

0ZrDES 4ND NITRIC
™ ^ m

A™ 0SPHERES

undergoing

- Smade and
t
S o l d i e r e f f o r t^ to
la c e I! t 2a t th
? is ^time
was
approved.
to'pPl*ce
PROJECT 6:

TRIOXIDE E Q U IL IB R IA V

S

^ J ^ S

W

™
S S S

s e a * a

AcrD.
F

 PROJECT 7:
o f m

^ SCOUNTS
T S 0OFAo
S F °™
Q™
TITATI7E ATMOSPHERES.
DETEEMDJAHON
OF OZONE
IN FpnT?™
POLLUTED
INDUSTRIAL

t r a ^ t c ^ i n / f *hG A™ 0UP R e s e a rc h f o u n d a tio n , u n d e r a c o n t r a c u c a l l i n g f o r a maximum e x p e n d itu r e o f $1 5 , 000. 0 0 .
PROJECT 8 :
GFNr ^ r ? n m T^ n R^ S I ^ S
™ SUNLICHT BETWEEN NITRDAND HYDROCARBONS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES IRESENT IN

! ! ! o , T t r ^ S 'W in b e l e t on t h i s P ^ J e c t . One w i t h th e U h i4 a ? ™ J J fJ ^ SCOnSin 1,111 s Pe c i f V a maximum e x p e n d itu r e o f
♦0 , ^ 0 0 .0 0 w h ile t h e o t h e r w ith th e F r a n k lin I n s t i t u t e w i l l
s p e c i f y a maximum e x p e n d itu r e o f $1 3 , 0 0 0 . 0 0 .
PROJECT 9:

™ ^ E T I C S OF THE REACTION, IN SUNLIGHT,
OF OZONE WITH HYDROCARBONS CF TFE VARIOUS TYPES PRESENT IN
GASOLINE AND THE DETERMINATION OF THE RELATIVE AMOUNTS AND
NATURE OF THE PRODUCTS FORMED.
To b e p la c e d a t t h e F r a n k lin I n s t i t u t e , u n d e r a c o n t r a c t s p e c i­
f y i n g a maximum e x p e n d itu r e o f $ 1 3 ,0 0 0 .0 0 .

PROJECT 1 0 :

PROJECT 1 1 :

A STUDY OF THE MECHANIC OF THE REACTION LEADING TO THE FORMA­
TION OF OZONE IN POILUTED INDUSTRIAL ATMOSPHERES.
See b elo w .
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT
OF TOTAL ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN POLLUTED INDUSTRIAL ATMOSPHERES.
B o th P r o j e c t s 10 a n d 1 1 w i l l b e p l a c e d a t S ta n f o r d R esearch
I n s t i t u t e u n d e r a s in g le c o n t r a c t c a l l i n g f o r a maximum expend­
i t u r e o f $ 9 ^ ,0 0 0 .0 0 .
I n a d d i t i o n , t h e recom m endation t o p a y t h e t r a v e l e x p e n se s o f
D r . K h a ra sc h a n d N udenberg o f th e U n i v e r s i t y o f C hicago f o r
t h e p u rp o s e o f a llo w in g th a n t o a c t a s c o n s u l t a n t s on P r o j e c t s
8 , 9 , 1 0 , and 1 1 , i f th e y c o u ld b e p e rsu a d e d t o do s o , was
a p p ro v e d .

 6 ^ °
vy

£

D (p

REPORT OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH TO BE PRESENTED TO THE
CENTRAL REFINERY LOSS COMMITTEE ON APRIL 1 2 , 195L - ________________________

The C om m ittee h a s d is c o v e r e d no s t a r t l i n g s u g g e s tio n s f o r Fundam ental
R e s e a rc h . However, t h e f o llo w in g problem s a p p e a r t o b § s e r i o u s enough t o
w a r r a n t c a r e f u l s tu d y b y t h e Roooar c h - D i v i s i o n :
iT 3 P ^
1 . D e s u l f u r i z a t i o n o f C rude O i l : The s u c c e s s f u l d ev elo p m en t and a p p l i c a t i o n o f
t h i s p r o c e s s w ould e l i m in a t e a h o s t o f a i r a n d w a te r p o l l u t i o n p ro b lem s. I t
. /_ a p p e a r s t h a t t h e r e s e a r c h p e o p le r e a l i z e t h i s and a r e a p p ly in g a s much e f f o r t
a s p r a c t i c a l t o t h i s p ro b le m . I t i s m e n tio n e d a g a in b e c a u s e o f i t s im p o rta n c e .
2 . R em oval o f s m a ll am ounts o f o i l a n d o r n a p h th e n a te s o r s u l f o n a t e s from e f f l u e n t
w a t e r s . The r e d u c t io n s h o u ld b e fro m a b o u t 50 ppm t o 20 ppm. The u s e o f
e l e c t r i c d e s a l t e r te c h n iq u e s f o r rem o v in g o i l from e f f l u e n t s m ig h t b e c o n s id e r e d .
3 - The f o llo w in g w ere n o te d a s e x i s t i n g s o u r c e s o f p o l l u t i o n . The Committee
recommends t h a t t h e s e b e b ro u g h t t o t h e a t t e n t i o n o f Developm ent Company so
t h a t t h e y w i l l c o n tin u e t o b e on t h e a l e r t f o r p o s s i b l e c o r r e c t i v e m easu res:

<'

a . R em oval o f s u s p e n d e d s o l i d s from l i q u i d e f f l u e n t s . M ethods f o r e c o n o m ic a lly
rem o v in g s m a ll am o u n ts o f su sp en d ed s o l i d s from c h e m ic a l w aste w a te r sh o u ld
b e s t u d i e d . P r e c o a t f i l t r a t i o n i s e f f e c t i v e b u t v e ry e x p e n s iv e . An econom i­
c a l m ethod c o u ld b e a p p lie d i n m ost r e f i n e r i e s .
b . S02 rem o v al from f l u e g a s . A g r e a t d e a l o f work i s b e in g done on a i r p o l­
l u t i o n b y t h e A . P . I . a n d o t h e r o r g a n i z a t i o n s . However, t h e r e d o es n o t seem
t o b e much work i n p r o g r e s s on t h e re m o v a l o f S02 from f l u e g a s e s . In view
o f i t s im p o rta n c e i n a i r p o l l u t i o n c o n s i d e r a t io n s o f new a n d o r n o v e l m ethods
s h o u ld b e s t u d i e d . The new " f l u i d c h a r " p r o c e s s m ig h t g iv e an answ er t o th e
p ro b lem .
c . M ercap tan and p h e n o l d i s p o s a l . F e e d in g t h e s e m a t e r i a l s t o t h e h y d ro d e s u l f u r i z e r , t h e c a t a l y t i c c r a c k in g u n i t s o r t o p r o c e s s e s w hich would
y i e l d s a l e a b l e m a t e r i a l s s h o u ld b e c o n s id e r e d .
d . New t r e a t i n g m e th o d s. The p r e s e n t t r e a t i n g m ethods u s in g c a u s t i c and a c id
t e n d t o form e m u lsio n s which c a u se p o l l u t i o n . W ater w ashing o f p ro d u c ts
o f t e n d o e s t h e sam e. M ethods o f e l i m i n a t i n g t h e s e p r o c e s s e s would b e v e ry
h e lp fu l.

The s a l e o f w a s te p ro d u c ts i s o n e v e r y good m ethod o f e lim in a tin g
o b j e c t i o n a b l e m a t e r i a l s fro m th e e f f l u e n t s . M r. O.V. T ra c y h a s su g g e ste d t h a t
t h e s tu d y o f t h e s e w a s te s i s b e t t e r h a n d le d i f done b y t h e i n d i v i d u a l r e f i n e r y
w ith E n ja y . The C om m ittee recommends t h a t t h e C e n tr a l L o ss Committee s e t u p an
e f f e c t i v e m ethod o f g e t t i n g t h e i n d i v i d u a l r e f i n e r i e s t o ch e ck t h e i r o b je c tio n a b le
w a s te s w ith E n ja y f o r p o s s i b l e s a l e .

JEM :ck
O il C o n s e rv a tio n D epartm ent
A p r i l 8 , 195*1

FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH SUBCOMMITTEE
Merabers-C.H. Bunn, J r . G uests-E.Q .C am p
A.D. McRae
E .S .C o rn e r
W.M. D rout
J.H o M cC lintock
J . E . M i l l e r , Chairman

 P r o j e c t e d Program o f R esea rch

T h is memorandum sum m arises and d i s c u s s e s same o f th e mnr^
su g g e s tio n s » u to b y a m b e r s o f th e Subcom m ittee on R e se a rc h a L ^ r ^ o f ^
c x u s.o n i n a p r o j e c t e d p ro g ram o f r e s e a r c h and e n g in e e r in g i n th e r e l d o f
p o a n t i o n a b a te m e n t. The ite m s s e l e c t e d c o v e r t h e f i e l d s i n w hich t h e r e L an
r
^ we n ced 1 0 r v o r* o f 2 r e s e a r c h and e n g in e e r in g n a tu r e a n d e x p re s s i n
° ^ e c t i v e s t o °e a c c o m p lish e d . I n some c a s e s , th e p ro p o s a ls
a - d e a r e . o r c o n t i n u a t i o n o f r e s e a r c h a n d d ev elopm ent w ork i n f i e l d s o~ on
SUCh con^ au ed - f f o r t i s e s s e n t i a l t o m eet im m ediate and f u tu r e
n e e d s . I n o t h e r c a s e s , th e p ro p o se d w ork c o v e rs e s s e n t i a l l y new l i n e s o f i « ^
CS3! S' f i e l d s o f s t u d >' h av e
s e l e c t e d w hich f a l l i n t o
I
g e n e r a l c a t e g o r i e s o f e f f o r t w ith w hich o u r r e s e a r c h and e n g in e e r in g d i v i ­
s i o n s a r e c o n c e rn e d .
&
b

e s s e n t i a l p a u s e Ox t h e i r a c t i v i t i e s a n d t h a t th e d e s i r e d o b j e c t i v e s c o u ld b e s t
b e a c c o m p ^ s n e a oy a s s ig n m e n t o f co m p eten t p e r s o n n e l t o t h e v a r io u s p r o j e c t s
s e l e c t e d v i t a f u l l r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r a c h ie v in g th e b e s t a n d m ost eco n o m ical
s o l u t i o n s . S tro n g e m p h a sis i s p l a c e d on th e n eed f o r fu n d a m e n ta l and e x p ie r n lory i n v e s t i g a t i o n s a n d f o r e n g in e e r in g and econom ic s t u d i e s t o d e v e in r, n**u
s e t t e r a p p ro a c h e s t o th e s o l u t i o n o f p ro b lem s.
S u b s e q u e n t s e c t i o n s o f t h i s memorandum p r e s e n t a n o u t l i n e fo rm , f i e l d s
-nd s u b . i e i d s o f a c t i v i t y a lo n g w ith seme s p e c i f i c p ro b lem s o n w hich t h e r e i s a
p r e s s i n g n e e d f o r w ork in v o lv in g r e s e a r c h a n d /o r e n g in e e r in g a n d econom ic © value-

w~.ons •

S tre a m P o l l u t i o n A batem ent
I . B a s i s : The p ro b le m o f a b a te m e n t o f s tr e a m p o l l u t i o n i s o f m ajo r im p o rtan ce
a n d s n o u id r e c e i v e c o n tin u o u s s tu d y and e f f o r t a t a l e v e l e q u a l t o o r even g r e a t e r
—a n -nam d e v o te d t o s a f e t y a n d f i r e p r o t e c t i o n . T h is g e n e r a l problem r e s o lv e s
i t s e l f i n t o one o f r e s e a r c h , e n g in e e r in g and p u b l i c r e l a t i o n s . 'M eth o d s o f a b a te ­
m ent l i e p r i m a r i l y i n th e f i e l d o f r e s e a r c h and e n g in e e r in g . The n eed f o r a b a te m ent ste m s a lm o s t e n t i r e l y fro m th e o b l i g a t i o n t o a v o id o f f e n s e t o em ployees,
n e ig h b o rs a n d f e llo w c i t i z e n s , and from th e n e c e s s i t y f o r c o n s e rv in g e s s e n t i a l
n a t u r a l r e s o u r c e s . I n s e t t i n g up t h i s p r o j e c t e d p ro g ram , i t i s assum ed t h a t a l l
f u t u r e i n s t a l l a t i o n s w i l l h av e a d e q u a te p r o v i s i o n s f o r th e e lim in a tio n o f stre a m
p o l l u t i o n ; m ethods a n d te c h n iq u e s f o r t h i s p u rp o se a r e assum ed t o b e a n i n t e g r a l
p a r t o f th e p r o c e s s o r p r o d u c t d ev elopm ent p r o j e c t s . T o p ic s p r o j e c te d i n t h i s
s e c t i o n c o v e r , t h e r e f o r e , p r i n c i p a l l y th e c o r r e c t i o n o f th e m ajo r d e f i c i e n c i e s
o f c u r r e n t i n s t a l l a t i o n s and p r o c e s s e s .
II.

M ajo r F i e l d s o f E f f o r t
1.

E l im in a t i o n o f W astes a t th e S ource

P r o g r e s s i n r e s e a r c h a n d e n g in e e r in g i s g e n e r a l l y m ost r a p id and f r u i t f u l
when i t i s p o s s i b l e t o re d u c e th e p ro b lem u n d er i n v e s t i g a t i o n t o i t s s im p le s t p o s­
s i b l e e le m e n ts a n d th e n t o a t t a c k th e s e v ig o r o u s ly and i n d e t a i l . The s im p le s t

 r s tr e a m p o l l u t i o n p ro b lem s i s t o e l i a i Lucts o f f i n i s h i n g p e tro le u m p ro d u c ts
iu v ily p o l l u t e d , o b n o x io u s w a ste s p ro J tio n o f w a ste s fro m t h i s g e n e r a l so u rce
*om w ork o f a r e s e a r c h and e n g in e e rin g
Ld w ould m a n if e s t th e m se lv e s i n marked
r e f i n e r i e s . F u r t h e r , d a t a a re a v a i l ip ro v e n o n ts c o u ld b e e f f e c t e d a lo n g w ith
p ro b lem s i n t h i s f i e l d w o rth y o f i n t e n ­
ds m en tio n ed a r e c i t e d a s exam ples.
Less i n t h i s g e n e r a l f i e l d a r e e q u a lly
•g an ized and i n t e g r a t e d s tu d y b y coupeth e r e s e a r c h and e n g in e e r in g e f f o r t
i h y d r o f in in g
i a n d p e tro le u m f r a c t i o n s
.U n c t i o n o f c h e m ic a l t r e a t i n g a g e n ts

tr e a tin g
.11 o a t io n 3t a p s
ling
i r e c i p i z a t e s i n sew e r s e p a r a t o r system s
__ ____________
b e e n done on an a l t e r n a t e m ethod o f
t r e a t i n g a r o m a tic s o l v e n t s a r e sum m arised b r i e f l y a s an exam ple o f what c a n be
a c c o m p lish e d i n t h i s f i e l d . F o r seme te n y e a r s , a r o m a tic s o lv e n ts have been
f i n i s h e d a t one r e f i n e r y b y c o n v e n tio n a l a c i d t r e a t i n g a n d c a u s t i c n e u t r a l i z a t i o n .
The l o s s e s o f a r o m a tic s o n a c i d t r e a t i n g and th e a c i d a n d c a u s t i c u se d a r e e v a lu ­
a t e d a t 25 t o 3C c e n ts p e r b a r r e l o f a ro m a tic s t r e a t e d , o r a y e a r l y c o s t o f a p p ro x i­
m a te ly 3 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 . Th-* a c i d s lu d g e s and a ro m a tic s p e n t c a u s t i c s a r e m ajo r c o n tr ib u ­
t o r s t o a i r a n d s tr e a m p o l l u t i o n .
The r e s u l t s c f r e c e n t s t u d i e s i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e s e a ro m a tic s c o u ld be
f i n i s h e d b y c l a y t r e a tm e n t a t a c o s t o f a b o u t f i v e c e n ts p e r b a r r e l , o r an a n n u a l
c o s t o f v250,C C 0. I f t h i s scheme o f t r e a t i n g w ere p u t i n t o e f f e c t , sa v in g s o f
seme $ 7 5 0 ,0 0 0 p e r y e a r c o u ld b e e f f e c t e d and a l l th e a i r and s tre a m p o l l u ti o n
p ro b lem s w ould b e e l i m i n a t e d c o m p le te ly . The o n ly d i s p o s a l problem common t c th e
c l a y t r e a t i n g i s t h a t o f th e d r y , s p e n t c l a y . The c l a y , a s d is c h a r g e d from th e
r e a c t o r , w ould b e s u i t a b l e f o r f i l l .
III.

S e g re g a tio n a n d T re a tm e n t o f W astes a t th e S ource

R e g a r d le s s o f th e m agnitude o f s u c c e s s in th e f i e l d o f th e e lim in a tio n
o f th e p r o d u c tio n o f w a s te s , i t i s r e a s o n a b le t o assum e t h a t i t w i l l n o t b e e c o ­
n o m ic a lly p o s s i b l e t o e l i m i n a t e a l l w a s te s . F o r t h i s r e a s o n , i t becom es n e c e s s a ry
t o fo rm u la te p r o j e c t e d p ro g ram s o f r e s e a r c h and e n g in e e r in g work i n th e g e n e ra l
f i e l d o f s e g r e g a t i o n and tr e a tm e n t o f w a ste s a t th e s o u r c e . H e re , a s e ls e w h e re ,
n o a tte m p t h a s b e e n made t o en u m erate a l l th e p o t e n t i a l p ro b lem s i n t h i s s p e c i f i c
f i e l d , b u t some t y p i c a l exam ples a r e g iv e n . I t i s assum ed t h a t i f r e s e a r c h and
e n g in e e r in g work w ere u n d e rta k e n i n t h i s f i e l d , th e r e s e a r c h a n d e n g in e e rin g

 1

-3 -

a.

K eco v ery o r s a l e o f s p e n t chem ic a l s , su c h a s a c i d s lu d g e s ,
sp en t c a u s tic s , sp ep t c a ta ly s ts , e tc .

b.

S e g r e g a tio n a n d tr e a tm e n t o f d i l u t e s p e n t c h e m ic a ls in c lu d in g
th o s e fro m w a te r w ashing

c.

S e g r e g a tio n a n d tr e a tm e n t o f s u l f i d e - b e a r i n g s p e n t c h e m ic a ls .
Work o n t h i s m ig h t p o s s i b l y in c lu d e e v a l u a t i o n ( l ) o f a c i d i f i ­
c a t i o n a n d s t r i p p i n g , ( 2 ) o f s t r i p p i n g w ith f l u e g a s , ( 3 ) o f
a i r o x id a tio n , e tc .

d.

M irin g a n d s e t t l i n g o f w a s te s , su c h a s b o i l e r blowdown, c o o lin g
to w e r blow dow n, e t c . , t o p r e v e n t th e f o r m u la tio n o f s o l i d s i n
th e s e w e r - s e p a r a t o r sy ste m .

e.

T re a tm e n t a n d d i s p o s i t i o n o f d e s a l t e r b r i n e s

f.

T ank d r a i n i n g s

IV . T re a tm e n t o f T o t a l E f f l u e n t
I t i s p o s t u l a t e d t h a t some f i n a l c l e a n up o r p o l i s h i n g o f th e t o t a l
e f f l u e n t may b e n e c e s s a r y , a t l e a s t i n some c a s e s , r e g a r d l e s s o f th e s u c c e s s o f
w ork i n th e f i e l d s o f e l i mi n a t i o n o f w a s te s a n d o f s e g r e g a t i o n and tre a tm e n t o f
w a s te s a t th e s o u r c e . F o r t h i s r e a s o n , e v a lu a ti o n s s h o u ld b e made o f p o s s ib le
ways o f rem o v in g o r d e s t r o y i n g su c h t h i n g s a s o i l , su sp en d ed s o l i d s , o rg a n ic
m a t e r i a l s , in o r g a n ic m a t e r i a l s , e t c . , t h a t a r e d i s s o l v e d i n o r c a r r i e d a lo n g
w ith th e t o t a l e f f l u e n t . Some o f th e m ore im p o rta n t s u l f i e l d s o f a c t i v i t y in
t h i s g e n e r a l c a te g o r y a r e p r e s e n t e d i n th e s u b s e q u e n t o u t l i n e .
a.

C la r i f i c a t i o n o f T o ta l E fflu e n t
( 1)
(2 )

b.

F lo c c u la tio n
A ir F l o t a t i o n

B i o l o g i c a l T re a tm e n t
A c tiv a te d s lu d g e
T ric k lin g F i l t e r
L agoonlng

c.
V.

A e r a tio n

E n g in e e r in g a n d Econom ic E v a lu a tio n s

E n g in e e r in g and econom ic e v a lu a ti o n s s h o u ld a t l e a s t k eep a b r e a s t o f
d e v e lo j a e n ts i n th e f i e l d o f r e s e a r c h . The i d e a l s i t u a t i o n w ould b e f o r a s many
e n g in e e r in g and eco n o m ics s t u d i e s a s p o s s i b l e t o b e made p r i o r t o r e s e a r c h so

 -4-

t ';h ic h
t o r e a r e given* i n tL e a u b a e c i u e n t ^ t l ^ 8 “

2 d T Ch WOr‘k -

Soae P ^ le m s

* ** "*** i n « * v e ry n e a r

a.

OptiDiai ty p e o f S e p a ra to r f o r g e n e ra l use

b.

O p tim a ty p e o f in c in e r a to r f o r g e n e ra l use

c.

B a r o a e tr lo r » . s u rfa c e condensers f o r racu u n p ip e s t i l l s

t s s s s s s j g s : ™ *“
A ir P o llu tio n Abatement

"•

-

. w m « ..

 SUMMAltX

SLOTIPti I - POLLUTION ABATmKLMT Anil WASTE DISPOSAL
Ih e s ta tu * o f p o llu tio n c o n tro l a t th e v ario u s r e f in e r ie s was reviewed,
The d a ta presented and discussed in d ic a te d a la c k o f u n if a r ity (1) i n a schedule
o f sampling the e fflu e n ts a t the various r e f in e r ie s and ( 2) i n th e te s t* t h a t are
■ad* on th e s a b l e s th a t a re tak en . The conclusions reached included (1) th a t
J*
? ” b l“ o f
schedule be reviewed and (2 ) th a t a more r e a l i s t i c
effluef nt T C1^ r 0nS 8“
develoP8d ta r use i n detenaing th e q u a lity o f the
e f f lu e n ts . I t i s suggested t h a t t h i s work be undertaken by a s m a l l g r o u p s subcom uittee composed o f not more th an th re e in d iv id u a ls.
a t len g th
by hX *

^

™

subco™^-ttee on fundamental re search was discussed
COUr*e
“ t i ° a " • agreed upon “ d

p r°Jeotea Pr °8r “ ‘ o f research should oe accompanied by o r
“

+ * * C o n p le t* background i n f o m a t i o T i e g iv e n on

h T ° ble“ " Tf* puITOSe 01 th is “ “Id be to acquaint our research
people w ith tn e o v e r a ll problem so th a t an i n t e l l i g a i t approach can be io.de in
s e ttin g up and carrying o u t research on t h i s broad p ro b S L
th a t 1. 0.1
Pf f r “ 8hould' * a n
be an o v e ra ll program, and one
th a t i s w ell designed to accomplish th e d esired purposes.

included.

3.

The program should be accompanied by a r e a l i s t i c time scnedule

4.

Kirm estim ate o f manpower requirements and c o sts snould be

.
5. A comprehensive review o f th e research th a t has been made and i s
now being e a r n e d out on th is problem should be included.
..

6 . Lmphasis should be placed upon th e f ie ld s and a u b fie ld s in which
re i s a d e f in ite need fo r research to solve the sp e c ific problems of current
concern to Esso Standard. Work o f a long range nature t o meet fu tu re deeanas should
be o u tlin ed .
i *•
c^-SCUG8^ ,nB on the design and operation f a c i l i t i e s o r removal o f
o i i xrom e fflu e n t w ater load to th e conclusion th a t th e follow ing step s should
be taken:
1 . Prepare a memorandum f o r tthe inform ation o f Management in which
i t would be emphasised:
(a) There is a d e fin ite need fo r sep arato rs in th e operation
ol a re fin e ry . I t should be emphasized stro n g ly th at no re fin e ry can be
operated witxiout adequate se p a ra to r cap acity .
(b) 'there i s a r e a l d iffe re n c e i n various sep arato r designs;
i . e . , th ere are good designs and th e re are poor designs even i f tne data now
av ailab le f a i l to show t h i s d ifferen ce because o f tn e poor q u ality of tne
e fflu e n t.

 (c ) There i s r e a l J u s tific a tio n s f o r modernizing o r even rep lacin g
4 1 a , d ila p id a te d , in e f f ic ie n t s e p a ra to rs .
(d) I t was emphasized stro n g ly t h a t no s e p a ra to r, hcwover la rg e and
e f f i c i e n t , w i l l soI tb a l l th e e fflu e n t problems. In order t o o b tain an e fflu e n t of
s a tis f a c to r y q u a lity , i t i s ab so lu tely necessary th a t th e in flu e n ts t o th e separa­
t o r s be conditioned (tre a te d ) s o th a t sep aratio n o f th e o i l and sediment from th e
w ater can occur. This emphasizes t h a t p o llu tio n abatement i s accomplished prim arily
through elim in atio n of waste o r segregation and treatm ent of w astes a t th e source so
t h a t th e y w i l l n o t introduce any problems when they a re mixed w ith wastes from other
sources.
The problem of th e d isp o sal o f o ily s o lid s i s now being stu d ied by Esso
Engineering. I t was concluded t h a t t h i s problem i s being given adequate study and
t h a t no f u r th e r a c tio n should be ta k e n on t h i s problem u n t i l th e r e s u l t s of th is
study a re a v a ila bl e .
The d isp o sa l of chemical wastes i s a problem o f major importance and i s
one th a t should receive extensive study of a research n a tu re . No fu rth e r actio n cn
t h i s should be taken except t o give t h i s phase of th e o v e r-a ll problem adequate
coverage i n th e p ro je cted program of re search . The Committee should keep ab reast
of developments i n t h i s f i e l d and should m aintain an u p -to -d ate knowledge o f what
i s being done on t h i s problem a t th e in d iv id u al r e f in e r ie s .
Experiences w ith smokeless f la r e s was reviewed. I t was concluded th a t
th e stwfcr t h a t i s being made of t h i s problem ty Esso Engineering i s adequate fo r
th e p re se n t tim e.
The r e s u lts of a i r p o ilu tic e surveys a t Sarnia and cooperative work with
c e n tra l a u th o ritie s a t Baltimore were enumerated and d iscu ssed . I t was concluded
£rck t h i s th a t i t i s q u ite b e n e fic ia l t o work cooperatively w ith c o n tro l a u th o ritie s
and th a t perhaps a more progressive p o lic y on t h i s should be adopted.
The s ta tu s of th e work o f th e A .P .I. Smoke and Fumes Conmittee was d is­
cussed and th e b e n e fits t o in d u stry as a whole were enumerated.

 £O o3

REFINERY LO W COMMITTEE

■aiTwo n.*ca

__________________

I DArv

ESSO BLDG-NEW YORK I

MAY 13. 1960

r v o * t nr

0 O n 8 tru

go-x 'K e C

MINUTES O f 30 TH GENERAL MEETING

c t i o n Eng. D iv .
E sso R esea rch and E n g in e e rin g Company

  fA6B
 
3 -C l

GENERAL COMMENTS ON POLLUTION ABATEMENT AND ITS EVER-INCREASING IMPORTANCE

A c t i v i t y i n p o l l u t i o n a b a te m e n t, b o th a i r and w a te r , i s in c r e a s in g
r a p i d l y . H ere i n th e S t a t e s , th e F e d e r a l G overnm ent, S t a t e governm ents and lo c a l
c o m m u n itie s h av e num erous b i l l s i n th e h o p p e rs s e e k in g t o e s t a b l i s h more and n » re
r e s t r i c t i v e p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s . T h is s i t u a t i o n i s p r e t t y much th e same th ro u g h o u t
th e w o rld . Some a r e a s , b e c a u s e o f v a r io u s f e a t u r e s , h av e p ro g re s s e d i n th e e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t o f c o n t r o l s much f u r t h e r th a n o t h e r s . B ut t h e r e i s an a lm o st u n iv e r s a l
ris in g tid e o f a c tiv ity .
A few ex am p les o f p ro b lem s t h a t some o f o u r r e f i n e r i e s a r e c u r r e n t l y
fa c e d w ith w ould be o f i n t e r e s t .
Bayway h a s b een c o n c e rn e d w ith f l a r e smoke e l i m i ­
n a t i o n , o d o r p ro b le m s , SO^ e f f e c t s on v e g e t a t i o n , c a t a l y s t d u s t f a l l o u t , a s w e ll
a s p r e s s u r e fro m th e New Y ork - New J e r s e y I n t e r s t a t e S a n i t a t i o n Commission to
d r a s t i c a l l y r e d u c e o i l and B.O.D. c o n t e n t o f th e r e f i n e r y e f f l u e n t . Bayonne h a s
o r w i l l h a v e somewhat s i m i l a r p ro b le m s. E v e r e t t i s fa c e d w ith new a i r p o l l u ti o n
c o n t r o l s b y a new B o sto n M e tr o p o lita n D i s t r i c t c o n t r o l o r g a n i z a t i o n . B aton Rouge
and Baytown h a v e b e e n s t r u g g l i n g w ith b o th w a te r and a i r p o l l u t i o n p ro b lem s. S o lid
w a s te s d i s p o s a l h a s become a problem a t many p l a c e s . A ls o , o u r o p e r a t io n s a r e
becom ing m ore co m p lex . A g r e a t e r v a r i e t y o f p r o d u c ts a r e b e in g p ro d u c ed . As a
c o n s e q u e n c e , o u r w a s te s a r e becom ing more com plex, th u s a d d in g t o problem s o f
w a s te h a n d lin g and t r e a tm e n t.
F o r t u n a t e l y , n o n e o f th e J e r s e y r e f i n e r i e s h av e b een fa c e d w ith th e
k in d o f t h i n g t h a t t h e Los A n g e le s r e f i n e r i e s a r e h a v in g t o l i v e w ith . However,
th e Los A n g e le s p h ilo s o p h y i s g r a d u a l ly s p r e a d in g and we c a n e x p e c t i t t o c o n tin u e
t o do s o . Ue w i l l f i n d t h a t o u r id e a s o f c o n d u c tin g o p e r a t i o n s so as t o be a good
n e ig h b o r p o l l u t i o n w is e i s n o t good enough. We w i l l be r e q u ir e d t o do b e t t e r in
many w ays.
L e g i s l a t i o n and r e g u l a t i o n i n m ost c a s e s come a b o u t b e c a u se o f
c o n d i t i o n s t h a t a r e a llo w e d t o e x i s t o r d e v e lo p . When l e g i s l a t i o n d o e s come, i t i s
a lm o s t i n v a r i a b l y m ore r e s t r i c t i v e th a n i s n e c e s s a r y . Where p o o r c o n d itio n s e x i s t
b e c a u s e o f e x c e s s i v e p o l l u t i o n o f one k in d o r a n o t h e r , l o c a l i n d u s t r y c a n do much
t o a v o id r e s t r i c t i v e r e g u l a t i o n . To d e la y su ch e f f o r t u n t i l co m p elled by a u th o r ­
i t i e s b r e e d s bad p u b l i c r e l a t i o n s and i n v a r i a b l y r e s u l t s i n much g r e a t e r e x p e n d i­
tu re .
E x p e r ie n c e i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h e p u b lic r e g a r d s o i l r e f i n e r i e s as
s e v e r e w a te r and a i r p o l l u t i o n s o u r c e s . D i f f i c u l t i e s a r e f r e q u e n t l y e n c o u n te re d
i n o b t a i n i n g p e r m its t o b u i l d r e f i n e r i e s a t new l o c a t i o n s b e c a u se o f t h i s .
Seldom a r e we a b l e t o o b t a i n a p e rm it u n t i l we h av e a s s u r e d th e a u t h o r i t i e s th a t
t h e r e w i l l be no p o l l u t i o n p ro b lem . To do t h i s , i n some c a s e s , r e q u i r e s la r g e
c a p i t a l o u t l a y s . Som etim es i n ex tre m e c a s e s p e r m its t o b u i l d a r e r e f u s e d .

JUMTEO im u .& a .

£sso

 y iN E R Y LO SS C O M M IT T E E
EETIMCPLACE

DATE

ESSO BLDG-NEW YORK

■c.QBT a ,
MAY 13. I960

---- -----------------------------------

O f

30TH G ENERAL M EETING

C o n stru ctio n Eng. D iv.
tsso R esearch and E n g in eerin g Company

t o r equipment . S
r o l e i n p o l l u t i o n . T h is i s e s p e c i a l l l
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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
The c u r r e n t d e g re
ra n g e s from v e ry
t i o n s o f th e U n it
N e th e r la n d s , Norw
c o u n t r i e s . W ith
f i e l d , m o st c o u n t
e n v iro n m e n ta l p o l
t i o n s o f E u ro p e ,
m ore r a p i d l y th a n
th a n now p la n n e d ,
l u t i o n c o n t r o l fa i i m i . ” h*blT b’

■ iv ^ H iW r

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c o n t r o l r « 8 u U t l o ' . y * r e . u i n e r a n gJ nfMmdR o L r c f tr r ° !,Thea,: c u r r e n t P o llu tio r .
l u t a n t s e m itte d v ,r y c o n s i d e r a b l y from r f f i n e r y t o r e f l C e r T ’T
a"d ty f* ° f po1'
r e f l e c t th e I n t e r . r e l a t i o n s h i p o f t h r e e f a c t o r s '
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r e f i n e r y h a . I n s t a l l e d p r o c e s s e s o r f a c i l i t i e s ■ A l c h ' h J j . ^ ' d ' * e x .t e n t / hac th e
a b a te m e n t b e n e f l t i i , su c h a s s u l f u r r . . ™ . ! r
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t r e a t i n g f u e l s , e t c . ! 'n d <3? “t h e / A l l . A £ro," / * f i n « y S ss, CO b o i l e r s , hydrow ere a p p lie d I n the i n i t l a P d e C i g n . *
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o f t h e I n c r e a s e d se n s e o f u rg e n c y t h a t s u rro u n d s a i r and w a te r p o l l u t i o n . Re f i n e r y management s h av e g e n e r a l l y done a good Job i n m e e tin g r e g u l a t i o n s th a t
a r e d e f i n e d , b u t t h e i r fo rw a rd p la n n in g h a s b e e n i n h i b i t e d b o th by an u n c e r t a i n t y
a s t o w h at and wh *n new r e g u l a t i o n s may come i r , and by a r e l u c t a n c e t o r i s k
m aking p r e - in v e s t- n e n ts i n f a c i l i t i e s w hich f o r th e m o st p a r t show no r e t u r n ,
T h e re i s n eed f o r m ore a c t i v e in v o lv e m e n t b y r e g i o n a l m anagem ents t o d ev elo p
a p p l i c a b l e p o l i c y , t o p r o v id e g u id a n c e and s t i m u l a t i o n , t o s e t t a r g e t s and c i i t e r i a , t o re v ie w and a p p r a i s e t h e ad eq u acy o f th e f o r e c a s t s , th e p la n n in g anc .
th e a n a l y s i s o f r isk s.
A fo rm a l s t a t e m e n t o f company p o l i c y r e f l e c t i n g t o d a y 's p o s i t i o n o f to p manag’d m ent o n w h at s e x p e c te d i n o u r o p e r a t i o n s w ould b e d e s i r a b l e . I t i s su g g e s te d
t h a t e a c h r e g i o n a l a f f i l i a t e c o n s i d e r f o r m u la tin g and i s s u i n g a p o l i c y s t a t e ­
m ent t h a t i s a p p l i c a b l e t o i t s a r e a s . T h ese s h o u ld be s p e c i f i c enough t o be
u s e f u l a s g u id e s f o r a c t i o n , b u t s h o u ld p r o v id e enough room f o r d i s c r e t i o n a l
Judgm ent s i n c e a l l s i t u a t i o n s c a n n o t and s h o u ld n o t b e h a n d le d th e same w ay.'
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m anagem ents w i l l c o n tin u e t o s t r i v e f o r c l o s e w o rk in e r e l a t i o n s h i p s and c o n s tr u c ­
t i v e c o o p e r a tio n w i t h r e g u l a t o r y b o d ie s t o d e v e lo p t a r g e t s t h a t have m ean in g fu l
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REFINERY POLLUTION CONTROL POSITION
UNITED STATES
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" 1 s i t u a t i o n . Bayway h a s announced t o t h e A u t h o r i t i e s t h a t i t w i l l u s e a r e ­
f i n e r y f u e l w i t h 1* a v e r a g e s u l f u r c o n t e n t .
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to "c ease p o llu t io n " o f the A rthur K i l l w aters.
flayway h a s d e v e l o p e d a l o n g - r a n g e m a s t e r p l a n t o m eet t h e r e f i n e r y e f f l u e n t
i J r 8 ! C Po l ; u t l o n c o n t r o l s e s t a b l i s h e d by t h e I n t e r s t a t e S a n i t a r y Commission.
T n e A u t h o r i t i e s h a v e b e e n s a t i s f i e d w i t h t h e e f f o r t and p r o g r e s s made Li. t h i s
iie id
i n r e c e n t y e a r s b y t h e r e f i n e r y . W hile t h e r e h a s b e e n c o n t i n u i n g p r o g r e s s
i n im p r o v i n g p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l , t h e r e i s s t i l l nuch t o b e done t o r e d u c e th e
r e f i n e r y e f f l u e n t 30D, o i l and o r g a n i c c a r b o n c o n t e n t t o comply w i t h e s t a b l i s h e d
ta rg e t lev els.

F u r th e r m ajor improvements a re planned o r under developm ent. C ost o f th ese f a c i . _ i i c ie s co u ld be $5-$10 MM, e x c lu s iv e o f th e fu e l o i l s u lf u r problem.
Baytown - Baytown w i l l be i n a good p o s i t i o n w i t h r e g a r d t o r e l a t i v e l y nonr e s t r l c t i v e s t a n d a r d s f o r a i r and w a t e r e m i s s io n * w i t h t h e c o m p l e t i o n o f f a c i l i t i e s
now u n d e r c o n s t r u c t i o n . R e c e n t l y a d o p t e d S t a t e C le a n A i r A c t may b r i n g o u t sone
new p r o b le m a r e a s when i t s r e g u l a t i o n s a r e s e t o a t .
F a c i l i t i e s a r e b e i n g i n s t a l l e d t o p e r m i t Baytown t o m eet Texas r e g u l a t i o n s on
w a t e r e f f l u e n t q u a l i t y i n BOD, COD and su sp e n d ed s o l i d s .
B a to n Rouge - B a to n Rouge h a s p ro b lem s w i t h t h e l e v e l o f o i l and phenol i n i t s
e f f l u e n t d i s c h a r g e t o t h e M i s s i s s i p p i . E m is s io n l e v e l s r e l a t i v e t o t h e l i m i t s
a l l o w e d f o r B a to n Rouge by t h e L o u i s i a n a C o n t r o l Commission have been c o n s i s t e n t l y
b o r d e r l i n e . T h e s e l i m i t s a r e l e s s r e s t r i c t i v e t h a n t h o s e t h e Commission has s s t
f o r t h e n e i g h b o r i n g new T e x a c o r e f i n e r y and t h e Modernized S h e l l r e f i n e r y . S h a l l ' s
Norco r e f i n e r y , f o r e x a m p le , i s r e q u i r e d t o m eet 10-15 t i m e s lower o i l and phenol
c o n t e n t i n e f f l u e n t : . S u b s t a n t i a l improvements au Baton Rouge w i l l p r o b a b ly be
r e q u i r e d . New f a c i l i t i e s , suc h a s t h e M e r c a p f i n u r P r o j e c t , which w i l l reduce
p r e s e n t p h e n o l l e v e l s by 407., a r e im p r o v in g t h e r e f i n e r y ' s p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l c ipa b l l l t y . C o n t i n u e d d e v e lo p m e n t and m a j o r e x p e n d i t u r e s , i n c l u d i n g a c i r c u l a t i n g
c o o l i n g w a t e r s y s t e m , w i l l p r o b a b l y be r e q u i r e d Co c o r r e c t t h i s s i t u a t i o n . Co*t
o f c o r r e c t i v e m e a s u r e s c o u l d r u n $5-$10 MM f o r t h i s program.
S t a t e a i r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s h a v e n o t y e t been e i t a b l l s h e d .
s u r v e y s , s e r i o u s c c n t r o l p ro b lem s a r e n o t a n t i c i p a t e d .

Based on r«f$iw>ryr>
J.* * I.- »

S illin g *
S t a t e a i r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s d i d n o t e x i s t u n t i l March 1967, a t which
t im e t h e S t a t e L e g i s l a t u r e e n a c t e d some Cough r e q u i r e m e n t s . Smoko e m i s s i o n from
t h e p r e s e n t ground f l a r e and f l u i d c o k e r s t a c k need c o r r e c t i o n . A c ti o n has be in

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t a k e n o n th e f l a r e , b y I n s t a l l i n g an e l e v a t e d sm o k e le ss f l a r e and by e l i m in a t in g
c o n d e n s a te e n t e r i n g th e f l a r e . A p r o j e c t l e a d i n g t o th e i n s t a l l a t i o n o f e i t h e r
a CO b o i l e r o r an e l e c t r i c a l p r e c i p i t a t o r w i l l b e d e v e lo p e d t o re d u c e th e c o k e r
e m is s io n s Co l e v e l s r e q u i r e d b y th e new l e g i s l a t i o n .
B i l l i n g s c u r r e n t l y e x c e e d s w a te r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l t a r g e t s on r e f i n e r y e f f l u e n t ,
p h e n o l and o i l c o n t e n t . New b i o l o g i c a l o x i d a t i o n f a c i l i t i e s and an im pounding
b a s i n w ere i n s t a l l e d l a s t y e a r t o c o r r e c t th e p h -in o la , b u t f u r t h e r work t o im­
p ro v e t h e p e rfo rm a n c e o f t h e s e f a c i l i t i e s i s n e e d e d . A d d itio n a l s e t t l i n g b a s in
a r e a was I n s t a l l e d l a s t y e a r t o re d u c e o i l e m is s io n s , and m ore i s b e in g i n s t a l l e d .
Upon c o m p le tio n o f t h e s e c h a n g e s , th e r e f i n e r y w i l l b e i n a good p o s i t i o n r e ­
l a t i v e t o th e new s t r i n g e n t p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s .
CANADA
lo c o - P r o v i n c i a l r e g u l a t i o n s c o n t r o l l i n g a i r and w a te r e m is s io n s do n o t e x i s t .
T h e re i s c o n s i d e r a b l e p u b l i c p r e s s u r e f o r th e a d o p tio n o f a i r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s
w h ich a r e a n t i c i p a t e d b y 1 9 7 0 . R e s t r i c t i o n s w i l l p ro b a b ly r e q u i r e 9 u lf u r e x t r a c ­
t i o n from f u e l g a s , and im proved r e f i n e r y o d o r c o n t r o l . Im provem ents in th e
e f f l u e n t s e p a r a t o r t o h a n d le sto rm r u n - o f f a r e u n d e r s t u d y . C o st o f r e q u ir e d
f a c i l i t i e s t o 1970 a r e e s tim a te d t o b e $2 MM.
Edmon to n - P r o v i n c i a l p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s a r e q u i t e l e n i e n t r e l a t i v e to c u r r e n t
sound c o n t r o l s t a n d a r d s . The l e v e l o f r e f i n e r y p o l l u t a n t s in g e n e r a l a r e s i g n t f i c a n t l y lo w er th a n c u r r e n t r e g u l a t i o n s . An e x c e p tio n i s o i l i n e f f l u e n t d i s ­
c h a rg e d t o th e S a sk a tc h e w a n R i v e r , w hich i s m a r g in a lly above r e g u l a t i o n s — s e p a r a t o r
im provem ents t o c o r r e c t t h i s s i t u a t i o n a r e now u n d e r d e v e lo p m e n t. Edmonton a p p e a rs
t o b e i n p r e t t y good p o s i t i o n on a i r and w a te r e n i s s i o n s w ith no f u r t h e r m a;o r
e x p e n d itu r e s f o r e c e s t t o 1970.
C a lg a ry - P r o v i n c i a l a u t h o r i t i e s h av e o r d e r e d a r e a r e f i n e r s t o im prove q u a l i t y
o f e f f l u e n t b y 1967 s o t h a t Bow R iv e r c a n a g a in b e s u i t a b l e f o r e d i b l e t r o u t .
R e q u ire d im p rov em en ts t o e f f l u e n t T .O .N . b e in g i n s t a l l e d in c lu d e a new s e p a r a t o r
and a c id d i s p o s a l w e l l . C o st o f n e c e s s a r y f a c i l i t i e s i s $ .5 MM. T hese f a c i l i t ie s
w i l l p u t C a lg a ry i n t o a s a t i s f a c t o r y p o s i t i o n r e l a t i v e t o p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s w; th
no f u r t h e r m a jo r e x p e n d it u r e s f o r e c a s t t o 1970.
R e g in a - T h e re a r e n o p r o v i n c i a l w a te r p o l l u t i o n r e g u l a t i o n s and th e a i r p o l l i t i o n T e g i s l a t i o n , w h ile a d o p te d , h a s n o t b een p ro c la im e d . A l l r e f i n e r y e f f l u e i t
i s h a n d le d i n th e i r u n i c i p a l sew e r s y ste m and t r e a t e d in la g o o n s . W hile BOD,
p h e n o l and o i l c o n t e n t e x c e e d norm al d e s ig n l e v e l s f o r new f a c i l i t i e s , th e y a rt
s a t i s f a c t o r i l y accom m odated i n th e m u n ic ip a l s y s te m . A c a p i t a l le v y f o r u se of
th e s e f a c i l i t i e s b a s e d o n p o l l u t a n t c o n t e n t , n a y be im posed i n th e f u t u r e , which
c o u ld make a d d i t i o n a l r e f i n e r y p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l f a c i l i t i e s e c o n o m ic a lly d e s i r a b l e .
W innipeg - L o c a l w a te r p o l l u t i o n r e g u l a t i o n s t o b a m et b y 1968 have r e c e n tly b t? n
E s t a b l i s h e d . S u b s t a n t i a l im provem ents i n r e f i n e r y e f f l u e n t a re r e q u ir e d t o m eet
t a r g e t s i n s u s p e n d e d s o l i d s and BOD, w ith pH b o r d e r l i n e . R eq u ired f a c i l i t i e s
w i l l b e i n s t a l l e d i n 1967 a t an e s tim a te d c o s t o f $ .5 MM.
The r e c e n t l y i n s t a l l e d s u l f u r r e c o v e r y u n i t h a s c o r r e c t e d a r e a s u l f u r o x id e s f im ig a t l o n p ro b lem s and p e r m its m e e tin g c u r r e n t r e l a t l v e l y s t r i n g e n t p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s .
No m ajo r e x p e n d itu r e s a r c f o r e c a s t t o 1970.
S a r n ia - T h is i s an a r e a p a r t i c u l a r l y se n s l t i v e :o i n t e r n a t i o n a l p o l l u t i o n com­
p l a i n t s . S a r n ia h a s a p ro b lem w ith b o r d e r l in e SOi g ro u n d l e v e l c o n c e n tr a tio n s ,
H ig h e r s t a c k s b e in g I n s t a l l e d as p a r t o f a r e f i n e r y e x p a n s io n program w i l l imp ro v e t h i s c o n d i t i o n .
1

Ml 5 M

 -5 -

T he r e f i n e r y l i c e n s e r e q u i r e s a lo n g - r a n g e r e d u c t io n i n volum e o f e f f l u e n t w a te r
t o make f u t u r e s e c o n d a ry b i o l o g i c a l tr e a tm e n t f e a s i b l e . A ll p r o j e c t s f o r a d d i­
t i o n s t o r e f i n e r y f a c i l i t i e s in c lu d e th e c o s t o f a c lo s e d c i r c u l a t i n g sy stem to
m eet t h i s lo n g - r a n g e r e q u ir e m e n t. Deep w e ll d i s p o s a l o f p h e n o ls w hich c u r r e n t l y
e x c e e d a u t h o r i t y c o n t r o l s i s a l s o u n d e r d e v e lo p m e n t.
E s tim a te d c o s t o f p o l l u t i o n
c o n t r o l f a c i l i t i e s t o 1970 i s § 8 -1 0 MM, o f w hich $5 MM i s in c lu d e d in c u r r e n t
r e f i n e r y e x p a n s io n p r o j e c t s .
M o n tre a l - T h e re a r e no p r o v i n c i a l r e g u l a t i o n s c o v e rin g a i r and w a te r p o l l u t i o n
c o n t r o l . The S t . L aw rence R iv e r i s a lr e a d y b a d ly p o l l u t e d by a r e a i n d u s t r y , and
t h e c o s t o f c o r r e c t i n g t h i s s i t u a t i o n w i l l b e v e ry g r e a t . T h is p ro b lem h a s n o t
y e t b e e n t a c k l e d b y th e a u t h o r i t i e s .
M o n tre a l i s d e v e lo p in g im proved e f f l u e n t tr e a tm e n t t o re d u c e su sp en d ed s o l i d s and
o i l c o n t e n t . F u r t h e r m a jo r im provem ents i n e f f l u e n t q u a l i t y t o re d u c e BOD and
p h e n o ls w i l l a l s o b e r e q u i r e d t o b r i n g them i n l i n e w ith a c c e p ta b le l e v e l s in
c o m p a ra b le r e f i n i n g o p e r a t i o n s .
SO2 g ro u n d l e v e l c o n c e n t r a t i o n and p a r t i c u l a t e e m is s io n s t o th e atm o sp h ere in
M o n tre a l a r e h ig h i n te rm s o f a c c e p ta b le l e v e l s . H igh s ta c k s w i l l b e r e q u ir e d
s h o r t ra n g e t o im prove d i s t r i b u t i o n , w ith more c o s t l y s u l f u r rem oval from f l u 2
g a s o r f u e l o i l d e s u l f u r i z a t i o n n e c e s s a r y a s a lo n g -ra n g e s o l u t i o n .
C o s t o f p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l f a c i l i t i e s r e q u ir e d t o 1970 i s e s tim a te d a t $4 - §5 MM.
■
••
D a rtm o u th - I n t e r n a t i o n a l J o i n t Com mission r e g u l a t i o n s c o v e rin g w a te r p o l l u t i o n
h a v e b e e n a d o p te d , b u t im p le m e n ta tio n and en fo x cem en t s t e p s a r e slo w . D artm outh
i s i n a r e a s o n a b ly good p o s i t i o n r e l a t i v e t o w i.te r p o l l u t i o n w ith m in o r s e p a r a ­
t o r im p ro v em en ts r e q u i r e d and u n d e r s t u d y . No p r o v i n c i a l r e g u l a t i o n s on a i r
p o l l u t i o n e x i s t . The r e c e n t l y i n s t a l l e d s u l f u r r e c o v e r y p l a n t m a in ta in s SO2
e m is s io n a t a c c e p t a b l e l e v e l s . C u r r e n t p ro b lem s w ith d u s t fro m th e FIOR p i l c t
p l a n t a r e t o l e r a t e d due t o th e te m p o ra ry n a tu r e o f t h i s f a c i l i t y .
No m a jo r e x p e n d itu r e s f o r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l arc: f o r e c a s t up t o 1970.

EUROPE
B elgiu m - A ntw erp s a t i s f a c t o r i l y m eets a l l c u r r e n t p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s .
W a te r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s a r e c u r r e n t l y la x i n co m p ariso n w ith many o t h e r Eure peon
c o u n t r i e s and s t r i c t e r r e g u l a t i o n s a r e f o r e c a s t : . S u b s t a n t i a l e x p e n d itu re ? or
im proved s e p a r a t o r f a c i l i t i e s w i l l b e r e q u ir e d t o m eet more r e s t r i c t i v e BOD, o i l
and s e d im e n t c o n t e n t l i m i t a t i o n s a n t i c i p a t e d .
B elgiu m c u r r e n t l y h a s o n ly a v e ry g e n e r a l a i r p o l l u t i o n r e g u l a t i o n w ith no ap‘ p l i c a b l e q u a n t i t a t i v e l i m i t s . D e f i n i t i v e c o n t r o l s a r e u n d e r d ev elopm ent which
w i l l p ro b a b ly be Im plem ented i n th e e a r l y 1 9 7 0 's .
Denm ark - K alu n d b o rg m e e t. .1 1 p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n , ^ a p p e a r s t o b c i n ^
a good p o s i t i o n in t h i s f i e l d . W ater p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s a r e s t r i c t , a i r p o l l u t i o n
r e g u l a t i o n s do n o t e x i s t a t p r e s e n t , b u t o re c u r r e n t l y u n d e r s tu d y f o r th e G overn­
m ent by th e Academy f o r T e c h n ic a l S c ie n c e s . L e g i s l a t i v e p o l l u t i o n e m is s io n xegul a t i o n s a r e e x p e c te d by 1970.

191.53

 D enm ark c u r r e n t l y h a s n o f u e l o i l s u l f u r c o n t r o l s a n d t h e l e a 3 t r e s t r i c t i v e
s p e c i f i c a t i o n s I n N o rth E u ro p e (4% S u l f u r m a x . ) . No m a jo r i n v e s t m e n t s a r e
f o r e c a s t in th e n e a r fu tu re f o r p o llu tio n c o n tr o l.
•

1

F ra n c e • C u rre n t n a tio n a l a i r p o l l u ti o n r e g u la tio n s a r c v e r y lo o s e and a re
m e t w i t h o u t d i f f i c u l t y b y P o r t J e r o m e , B o rd e a u x a n d F o s . T he DICA i s d e ­
v e l o p i n g new n a t i o n a l r e g u l a t i o n s s p e c i f i c a l l y c o v e r i n g r e f i n e r i e s , w h ich
w i l l i n c l u d e , a s y e t u n d e f i n e d , SO2 g ro u n d l e v e l c o n c e n t r a t i o n l i m i t a t i o n s .
T h i s w i l l u n d o u b te d ly l e a d t o m ore r e s t r i c t i v e f u t u r e c o n t r o l s .
P o r t Je ro m e h a s m a jo r e f f l u e n t w a t e r p o l l u t i o n p ro b le m s e v e n a f t e r m o d e rn iz a ­
t i o n . BOD a n d o i l c o n t e n t w i l l r e q u i r e f u r t h e r im p ro v em en t th r o u g h e f f l u e n t
f l o c c u l a t i o n t o m e e t a u t h o r i t y r e g u l a t i o n s . T h e s e a r e f o r e c a s t f o r 1968
b u d g e t a c t i o n . B o rd e a u x h a s m in o r pH p ro b le m s w h ic h w i l l b e c o r r e c t e d th ro u g h
a c i d i f i c a t i o n ; F o s h a s i n f r e q u e n t p e r i o d i c h ig h o i l and p h e n o l p ro b le m s .
Im p o u n d in g f a c i l i t i e s a r e b e i n g s t u d i e d t o rem edy t h i s s i t u a t i o n .
New n a t i o n a l l e g i s l a t i o n p e r m i t s l o c a l a u t h o r i t i e s t o t a x i n d u s t r y on th e
v o lu m e a n d q u a l i t y o f w a t e r u s e d i n t h e i r o p e r a t i o n . T h i s w i l l i n c r e a s e t h e i r
in flu e n c e s u b s ta n tia lly in th e p o llu tio n f i e l d ,
G erm any - V e ry s t r i c t p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s a r e a p p l i c a b l e t o German
r e f i n i n g o p e r a t i o n s . E ach s t a t e e s t a b l i s h e s i t s own c o n t r o l s , r e s u l t i n g i n
e a c h E s s o A .G . r e f i n e r y f a c i n g som ew hat d i f f e r e n t r e g u l a t i o n s .
H am burg h a s p ro b le m s w i t h h i g h w a t e r e f f l u e n t r a t e a n d BOD c o n t e n t . A u t h o r i t i e s
h a v e p o s tp o n e d in p o s i n g m a n d a to ry c o n t r o l s p e n d in g p ro m is e d im p ro v em en t a s p i .r t
o f a p r o p o s e d r e f i n e r y m o d e r n i z a t i o n . * D e f e r r a l o f t h i s m o d e r n i z a ti o n may r e ­
q u i r e i n v e s t m e n t s o f a p p r o x im a te ly $2 MM t o i n r i t a l l a c l o s e d c i r c u l a t i n g wat« r
s y s te m and p r o v i d e b i o l o g i c a l and c h e m ic a l t r e a t m e n t o f w a s te w a t e r .
K a r l s r u h e h a s p ro b le m s w i t h h i g h BOD c o n t e n t w h ic h a r e t o l e r a t e d by th e a u th o ­
r i t i e s o n t h e b a s i s t h a t E sso A .G . w i l l t a k e p ro m p t s t e p s t o c o r r e c t t h i s
s i t u a t i o n w i t h m in o r i n v e s t m e n t s .
I n g o l s t a d t and K d ln a r e i n a good p o s i t i o n c o n c e r n in g w a t e r p o l l u t i o n r e g u l a ­
t i o n s w i t h t h e f o r m e r r e p r e s e n t i n g some o f J e r i e y ' s m o st s o p h i s t i c a t e d r e f i n i n g
f a c i l i t i e s in th e f i e l d o f w a te r p o llu tio n c o n tr o l.
9
9

C u r r e n t a i r p o l l u t i o n r e g u l a t i o n s a r e s a t i s f a c t o r i l y m et b y a l l r e f i n e r i e s .
I n c r e a s i n g l y h ig h s t a c k s f o r S02 d i s t r i b u t i o n a r e r e q u i r e d f o r r e f i n e r y e x p a n ­
s io n p r o je c ts .
I t i s a n t i c i p a t e d t h a t K a r l s r u h e a n d Hamburg w i l l t i g h t e n
t h e i r a i r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s i n t h e n e a r f u t u r e ., w h ich w i l l r e q u i r e i n c r e a s i n g
u s e o f low s u l f u r c r u d e .
I t a l y - G e n e r a l l i r and w a t e r p o l l u t i o n r e g u l i t i o n s a r e c o n s i d e r a b l y l e s s r e ­
s t r i c t i v e t h a n In m o s t o t h e r E u ro p e a n c o u n t r i e s . T r e c a t e and L e g h o rn h a v e nc
p ro b le m s m e e tin g c u r r e n t lo o s e c o n t r o l s .
9

A u g u s ta h a s a s e r i o u s e f f l u e n t w a t e r p o l l u t i o n p ro b le m d u e t o h i g h o i l , p h e n o l
a n d s u l f i d e l e v e l s ) . S t e p s a r e b e in g t a k e n t o im p ro v e e f f l u e n t q u a l i t y b y H2S
s t r i p p i n g o f s o u r w a t e r t o c o r r e c t t h e s u l f i d e s p ro b le m , a n d re m o v a l o f
e m u l s i f i e r s fro m ;h e s e p a r a t o r t o m in im iz e o i l i n e f f l u e n t . F a c i l i t i e s t o r e ­
duce p h en o l c o n te n t a r e c u r r e n tly u n d e r s tu d y .

3 91.53
.

 -7 -

7l 5 i m
c o n ? i n ? ° f p t h ? . C? t c r a c k l " ? u n f e a t A ^ c u s t a . th e f u e l g e e w i l l h a v e
7 .5 Z H2 S c o n t e n t , p r e l i m i n a r y s t u d i e s I n d i c a t e t h a t g ro u n d l e v e l SO , c o n c e n t r a U o n . w i l l e x c e e d g e n e r a l l y a c c e p t e d l e v e l s . T he a p p ro v e d 1967 b u d g e t
p r o j e c t to i n s t a l l s c ru b b in g f a c i l i t i e s and a s u l f u r re c o v e ry p la n t w i l l 8
c o rre c t th is s itu a tio n .
7 K
A u t h o r i t i e s h av e ta k e n s x c e frtid n t o B a r i 's e f f l u e n t w a te r o d o r l e v e l . A
p ro g ra m i s c u r r e n t l y u n d e r s tu d y t o r e d u c e o i l c o n t e n t and im p ro v e o d o r .
Ne t h e r l a n d s - No a i r p o l l u t i o n r e g u l a t i o n s e x i s t , e x c e p t a v e r y g e n e r a l P u b l i c
N u is a n c e A c t w h ic h g i v e s a u t h o r i t i e s some fre e d o m t o r e q u i r e i n s t a l l a t i o n o f
c e r t a i n p o l l u t i o n a b a te m e n t e q u ip m e n t. L o c a l a u t h o r i t i e s l o o k o n E s s o 's
R o tte rd a m R e f i n e r y an a good e x a m p le o f how a i r p o l l u t i o n p ro b le m s c a n b e c o n ­
tro lle d .
N a tio n a l p o l l u t i o n c o n tr o l l e g i s l a t i o n i s a n t i c i p a t e d by 1970.
R e g u l a t i o n s g o v e r n in g e f f l u e n t w a t e r e m i s s i o n s a r e v e r y l a x and m e t w i t h no
p r o b le m . To m e e t m ore r e s t r i c t i v e l o c a l c o n t r o l s , a p p l i e d a s y e t o n l y t o
new a r e a r e f i n » r i e s , w i l l r e q u i r e s u b s t a n t i a l f u t u r e i n v e s t m e n t s f o r im prove
m e n ts i n BOD a n d o i l c o n t e n t .
$2E **y. * N a t i j n a l r e g u l a t i o n s f o r a i r and w a t e r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l d o n o t
e x is t.
N a t i o n a l r e g u l a t i o n s s i m i l a r t o t h o s e i n f o r c e i n o t h e r S c a n d in a v ia n
c o u n t r i e s a r e e x p e c t e d b y 1 9 7 0 . M inor i n v e s t m e n t s t o m e e t t h e a n t i c i p a t e ^
p ro b le m s w i t h o i l i n e f f l u e n t c o n t r o l s a r e e x p e c te d f o r S la g e n and m a jo r e x p e n ­
d i t u r e s e x p e c t» d i n V a l l o y .
S w i t z e r l a n d - S t r i c t a i r and w a t e r p o l l u t i c n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s a r e i n e f f e c t
i n S w i t z e r l a n d . T he r e f i n e r y i s i n a good p o s i t i o n r e l a t i v e t o c u r r e n t c o n - *
t r o l s . P o l l u t i o n a b a te m e n t f a c i l i t i e s i n t h e R a f f i n e r i e d u Sud O u e s t a r e
o v e r s i z e d , w h ic h s h o u ld p e r m i t s i z a b l e r e f i n e r y e x p a n s io n w i t h o u t m a jo r a d d i ­
t i o n a l p o l lu tio n c o n tr o l in v e s tm e n ts .
U n ite d Kingdom - C u r r e n t a i r a n d w a t e r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s a r e
l o o s e a n d g e n e r a l i z e d . M i l f o r d H aven m e e ts a l l c u r r e n t r e g u l a t i o n s and a p p e a r s
t o b e i n a so u n d p o l l u t i o n C o n t r o l p o s i t i o n , w h i l e F a w le y i s b o r d e r l i n e o n o i l
i n e f f l u e n t w a t e r a n d i n g ro u n d l e v e l SO2 c e n t e n t . S u b s t a n t i a l in v e s tm e n ts
w i l l b e r e q u i r e d i n F a w le y t o im p ro v e e f f l u e n t w a t e r q u a l i t y BOD a n d o i l c o n t e n t
and t o r e d u c e g ro u n d l e v e l SO2 c o n c e n t r a t i o n s . F a w le y s h o u ld move p ro m p tly t o
d e v e l o p a n d im p le m e n t s t e p s t o im p ro v e t h e i r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l p o s i t i o n .

LATIN AMERICA
A ru b a - No n a t i o n a l a i r o r w a te r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s e x i s t a t p r e s e n t
a n d n o n e a r e f o r e c a s t i n t h e n e a r f u t u r e . P ro b le m s w i t h h a r b o r o i l p o l l u t i o n
fro m l e a k i n g l i n e s and ta n k s and s h i p d e b a l l a s t i n g o p e r a t i o n s w i l l b e s u b s t a n ­
t i a l l y im p ro v e d w i t h t h e c o m p le tio n o f t h e c u r r e n t OM&S m o d e r n i z a ti o n program
and t h e d e b a l l i s t i n g f a c i l i t i e s b e i n g p r o v id e d a s p a r t o f t h e " C le a n S e a s P o l i c y . "
R e f i n e r y SO2 e m i s s i o n t o th e a i r i s h e a v y - - t h i s d o e s n o t c u r r e n t l y c a u s e a
p ro b le m a s t h e s t r o n g w in d s c a r r y i t o u t t o s e a . F u t u r e s t e p s may b e r e q u i r e d
t o im p ro v e t h i n s i t u a t i o n .

19153

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8-

V c n e z u e la - T h e re e r e no a i r o r w a te r p o l l u t i o n c o n tr o l r e g u la tio n s in
V e n e z u e l a . U se o f n a t u r a l g a s a s r e f i n e r y f u e l and t h e a v a i l a b i l i t y o f a d e ­
q u a t e e f f l u e n t w a t e r s e p a r a t i o n a n d s e t t l i n g f a c i l i t i e s p u t Amuay i n a good
p o s i t i o n t o m e e t f u t u r e p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s . T he I n f r e q u e n t o i l s p i l l s d u r in g
s h i p l o a d i n g o r d e b a l l a s t i n g o p e r a t i o n s a r e t h e o n l y p r e s e n t p o l l u t i o n p ro b le m .
C o lo m b ia C o lo m b ia n N
fo rm u la tin g
p ro b le m s t o

No c u r r e n t a i r o r w a t e r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s e x i s t . The
a tio n a l S a f e ty C o u n c il, in c o n ju n c tio n w ith lo c a l in d u s tr y , i s
a i r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s . T h e s e a r e n o t e x p e c te d t o p r e s e n t any
C a rta g e n a R e fin e r y .

A r g e n t i n a - N a t i o n a l l e g i s l a t i o n p r o h i b i t s a i r o r w a t e r p o l l u t i o n , w ith i n ­
s p e c tio n and c o n t r o l a l o c a l r e s p o n s i b i l i t y . T h ese r e g u la tio n s have n o t
b e e n im p le m e n te d b y m u n i c i p a l o f f i c i a l s . P e r i o d i c a l l y i n t h e Campana a r e a
t h e r e h a s b e e n som e p u b l i c r e a c t i o n t o p a r t i c u l a t e e m is s io n s o f FCC U n it
c a ta ly s t.
R e f i n e r y f u e l i s low i n s u l f u r , m l r l m l z l n g SO2 e m is s io n fro m th e
re fin e rie s •
T h e r e a r e c u r r e n t l y n o m a jo r p o l l u t i o n p ro b le m s a t Campana o r G a lv a n .
P e r u - G e n e r a l g o v e rn m e n t p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s a r e s a t i s f a c t o r i l y
m et by T a la r a R e fin e ry .
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tlo n s in
exceeds
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T h i s i s a 's e n s i t i v e p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l a r e a , w i t h s t r i n g e n t r e g u l i th is f ie ld .
K in g s to n h a s p ro b le m s w i t h e f f l u e n t o i l c o n t e n t , whicV
a u t h o r i t y l i m i t a t i o n s . A d d i t i o n a l f a c i l i t i e s a r e b e in g i n s t a l l e d tc
t h i s s i t u a t i o n . A l l o t h e r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s a r e s a t i s f a c t o r i l y m e t.

E l S a l v a d o r - T he N a t i o n a l S a n i t a t i o n Code c o v e r s a i r a n d w a te r p o l l u t i o n
c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s . A c a j u t l a d o e s n o t h a v e a p o l l u t i o n p ro b le m and m e e ts <11
c u r r e n t re q u ire m e n ts .
N i c a r a g u a - No a i r o r w a t e r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s e x i a t .
n o c u r r e n t p o l l u t i o n p r o b le m s .

Managua l a s

FAR EAST
I n d i a - No w a t e r p o l l u t i o n a n d o n l y g e n e r a l i z e d a i r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a ­
t i o n s a r e i n e f f e c t , w i t h t h e l a t t e r n o t e n f o r c e d . Bombay a p p e a r s t o b e i n a
s a tis f a c to r y p o llu tio n c o n tro l p o s itio n .
*#

.

M a ly a s l a - T h e r e a r e n o l e g i s l a t i v e c o n t r o l s o f a i r and w a t e r p o l l u t a n t e m is s i o n s . P o r t D ic k s o n i s i n a good p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l p o s i t i o n , m e e tin g SO2
g ro u n d l e v e l c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a g r e e d t o w i t h th e G overnm ent and r u b b e r p l a n t a t i o n s .
P h i l i p p i n e s - No p o l l u t i o n p ro b le m s a r e f o r e s e e n a t B a ta a n w h ere g e n e r a l i z e d
a i r and w a t e r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s a r e s a t i s f a c t o r i l y m e t.
A u s t r a l i a - A l t o n a h a s n o p ro b le m m e e tin g f a i r l y , s t r i n g e n t w a te r p o l l u t i o n
a n d g e n e r a l i z e d s i r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s . A d e la id e h a s n o a i r p o l l u t i o n e m is s io n
r e g u l a t i o n s a n d o n l y pH c o n t r o l o n w a t e r e f f l u e n t w h ic h i t m e e ts w it h o u t d i i t i e

u

U

y

*

181.53

 J a £ o n - N a t i o n a l w a t e r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l r e g u l a t i o n s a r c r e l a t i v e l y lo o s e
a n d a p p l i c a b l e o n l y t o d e s i g n a t e d w a t e r b a s i n s w h ic h a t p r e s e n t c o n s i s t o f
f i v e m a jo r r i v e r s . No r e f i n e r i e s a r e l o c a t e d o n r e g u l a t e d w a t e r s . T h ese
c o n t r o l s a r e e x p e c t e d t o becom e g e n e r a l l y a p p l i c a b l e , w h ic h w i l l r e q u i r e
a d d i t i o n a l i n v e s t m e n t I n e f f l u e n t c h e m ic a l f l o c c u l a t i o n and t r i c k l e f i l t e r
f a c i l i t i e s t o m e e t a n t i c i p a t e d m ore r e s t r i c t i v e o i l i n e f f l u e n t c o n t r o l s .
A i r p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l s a t p r e s e n t c o v e r o n ly f o u r h e a v ily I n d u s tr ia liz e d
a r e a s , w h ic h i n c l u d e o n l y t h e T o n e n , GSK and NSK r e f i n e r i e s I n th e K aw asaki
a r e a . T h e s e c o n t r o l s w i l l p r o b a b ly b e e x te n d e d t o c o v e r o t h e r a r e a s . A ll
a f f i l i a t e d c o m p a n ie s I n J a p a n s a t i s f a c t o r i l y m e e t t h e s e m ore r e s t r i c t i v e c o n ­
t r o l re g u la tio n s .
A i r p o l l u t i o n I s a s e r i o u s p r o b le m i n J a p a n and i s g e t t i n g w o r s e . T i g h t e r
c o n t r o l s o n SO2 e m i s s i o n l e v e l s a r e f o r e c a s t , w h ic h w i l l p r o b a b ly r e q u i r e
s u b s t a n t i a l f u e l o i l o r f l u e g a s d e s u l f u r i z a t i o n i n v e s t m e n t s i n th e n e a r
fu tu re .

CMS:wl
A tta c h m e n t
t

March 28* 1967

 LI*SIT
______W A T E R

R E P I N I N G

P O L L O T I O W

POLLUTION

ASS E S S H E NT

*

AIR

P 0 L L D T T 0 N

COCATIOW
m o

STATES

IATUAT

BAYTOWN

BATON ROUGE

BILLIHCS-

19153

----R E G U L A T I O N S _____________

COMMENTS

_

REGULATIONS

Wo SeaCo re g u la tio n s on s p e c ific
p o llu ta n t le v e ls . S ta te has
o rd e re d "cease p o llu t io n " o f the
A r th u r K i l l w a te rs and th e I n t e r ­
s ta te S a n ita ry Coen sslo n has
e s ta b lis h e d a 751 •*<*»»/••.on In
19b2 p o llu tio n le v e ls to th e f o l ­
lo w in g :
w o i l in e fftu s n r '
7
ppm max
o BOO
15
m m
o o rg a n ic carbon
7 .5 "
"

Bayway s u b s t a n t ia lly exceeds a l l
ta r g e t p o llu t io n c o n t r o ls . A
c o n s id e ra b le problem e x is ts and
a p p re c ia b le Improvement Is re q u ire d .
Bayway has adopted a nuaber o f
p o s itiv e c o n t r o l techniques o th e rs in p la n n tn g s ta g e . Long range
r e f in e r y w a s te r p la n , re q u ire s sewer
s e g re g a tio n , s e p a ra to r Improvements,
c lo s e d c ir c u la t in g w a te r s y s te a and
secondary e f f lu e n t tre a tm e n t to neat
r e s t r i c t i v e re g u la tio n s .

Codes e s ta b lis h e d by New
Je rse y A i r P o llu tio n C o n rro l
Coesslsslon on
o smoke
o f l y ash
o
p a r tic u la te m atter
o poisons
0 . S . Dept o f HEW m eeting on
HT/RJ A i r P o llu tio n recooaendcd
« * x . s u lf u r In HF0 le v e ls o f
*3X f o r area In d u s try - recoexaendation n o t accepted
Co d a te .

Texas re g u la tio n s c o v e rin g
e fflu e n t s in to Houston sh ip
channel as fo llo w s :
o
COD
200 PP« max.
o
BOD
so ppm "
o
Suspended S o lid s 70 ppm "
o
O il
20 ppm "
o
Phenols
18 Ppm "

A c tu a l Baytown e f f lu e n t le v e ls are
above c o n tr o l H a lt s f o r COO,
BOO and suspended s o lid s . Comple­
t io n o f a e r a tio n o f I n le t to f i r s t
lagoon sh o u ld p e rm it c o n tr o l
re g u la tio n s t o be n e t.

Codes fo rm u la te d under Texae
Clean A i r A c t co ve r c o n tr o ls !
ere be in g Issued I n the
immediate fu tu re .

The L o u isia n a Stream C o n tro l
Coesslsslon e s ta b lis h e s p e ra ls s lv e
c o n tr o ls on e f f lu e n t as fo llo w s :
o
O il c o n te n t
20 ppm oax.
o
Phenols
2000 f / D ••

A u th o r itie s do n o t re g u la te e fflu e n t
from In d iv id u a l In d u s trie s . C o ntrols
f o r Yellow stone R ive r q u a lit y as
fo llo w s :
o
Phenols
1 ppb wax.
o
O il - o u s t n o t be d e te c ta b le by
aw

#vfstr

B illin g s has ‘e s ta b lis h e d r e fin e r y
c o n tr o l ta rg e ts
•
011
5 ppa max.
o Phenol
8 # /o ••

COWgyTT
Problem areas o f f l a r a e o o k lo g ,
e x c e s s iv e c a t a ly s t f in e s lo s s aod
paranox u n i t w aste d is p o s a l f in e s
are c o r re c ta b le w it h a d d it io n a l
equipm ent. These a re u n d e r s tu d y
o r developm ent.
Lower max. HFO s u l f u r le v e ls
are in e v it a b le f o r Bayvay R e f­
in e r y in th e n e a r f u t u r e .
F ue l o i l r e d u c tio n o r d e s u lf u r ls a tlo n program may be re q u ire d
w h ich w ould r e q u ir e m ajor
Investm en t.

S urvey o f Baytown r e c e n tly
com pleted b y Southwest Research
I n s t i t u t e in d ic a te s c h a t a l l
new c o n t r o ls can be m et b y th e
r e f in e r y e x c e p t f o r p a r t ic u la t e
e m is s io n s . E x te rn a l c y c lo n e s t o
c o r r e c t t h i s pro b le m a re under

dlVtlopMQCs
Baton Rouge has c o n s is te n tly been
b o rd e rlin e In m eeting p o llu tio n
to le ra n c e s . New area r e fin e r s
re q u ire d to meet v e ry s trin g e n t
requirem ents ( e .g . S h e ll N orco: o i l
* PP«, phenol 70 # /D ) w h ich In d ic a te
Che magnitude o f fu tu r e improvements
r e q u ire d . H e rc a p fln ln x p r o je c t w i l l
r e s u lt I n * 0 t phenol re d u c tio n . Furthe
re q u ire d steps w i l l n e c e s s ita te
m ajor In vestm en ts, and w i l l probably
Includ e a c lo s e d c ir c u la t in g w ater
system.

L o u isia n a A i r C o n tro l Commission
deve lop ing c o n tr o l re g u la tio n s .

B illin g s e f flu e n t p o llu ta n ts are
s u b s ta n tia lly above ta rg e t c o n tr o ls .
New b io lo g ic a l o x id a tio n u n it and
impounding b a sis n e a rin g com pletion
w i l l p e rm it re g u la tio n s to be met.

No 'o e c t f lc re g u la tio n s .
L e g is la tio n under development due to be presented 1967.

Do n o t a n t ic ip a t e m a jo r problem s
i n t h i s a re a , w it h e x is t in g
fa c ilit ie s .

I

M ajor problem areas a re smoke
em issions from f l u i d co ke r s ts c k
and ground f l a r e - improvements
to n oth are under s tu d y .

 WATER
LOCATION

P O L L U T I O N

REGULATIONS

CO**flTYTS

PECULATIONS

COMMENTS

CAXA&A

XCCQ

SXttOKTON

CALCART

REGINA

No * p a c if ic re g u la tio n s .

P o llu tio n c o n tr o l la th a r e s p o n s ib ilit y
o f aach P ro v ln c a . Except In c le a r ly de­
fin e d In te r n a tio n a l araaa, th e Federal
Government has no a u th o r ity . A u th o r ity
aurvaya o f b u rra rd I n le t In d ic a te area
w a te r q u a lit y la a a tla fa c to r y . Improve­
ment* I n aew er/aeoarator system to accom■odata a to m ru n o f f are re q u ire d and
under s tu d y .

No re g u la tio n s .

General p u b lic p re s s u re la t h is
f i e l d w i l l fo rc e P r o v in c ia l le g is ­
la t i o n . A d d itio n a l f a c i l i t i e s
fo re c a s t by 1970 t o reduce r e f in e r y
o d o rs , e x t r a c t s u l f u r from f u e l gas
and p ro v id e ta n k vapor re c o v e ry
system .
••

P r o v in c ia l re g u la tio n s c o v a r:
• Phenols
2 ppb a u ,
o O li/ a f f la a n t 25 ppm "
• TON
10

O i l c o n c e n t'In e f flu e n t m a rg in a lly exceeds
a llo w a b le le v e l - Improvementa In separa­
t o r are under development.

R e g u la tio n s co ve r standards
f o r smoke, p s r t lc u la t a m a tte r
and ground le v e l 50^

C u rra n t f a c i l i t i e s e ra co n s id e re d
edequate u n t i l 1970 when in te n s iv e
vapor re co ve ry f a c i l i t i e s w i l l be
re q u ire d a t th e r e f in e r y .

P r o v in c ia l re g u la tio n s aa
above.

A l l area r a fln e r a are under a u th o r ity
o rd e r t o in p ro v c the q u a lit y o f t h a l r e f ­
f lu e n t by 1967. T.O .N . le v e l la exceaalve.
Improvements needed to meet t h la o b je c tiv e
are a new a e p a ra to r and a cid d is p o s a l w e ll.
F u rth e r Improvements w i l l re q u ire fu tu re
e f flu e n t chem ical tre a tm e n t. Improved sour
w a te r s t r ip p in g and pressure a e r a tio n o f
s e le c te d stream s.

P r o v in c ia l re g u la tio n s as
above.

Comments as above.

A l l r e f in e r y a f f lu e n t la handled In the

P r o v in c ia l le g is la t io n has baen
- T t procla im ed.

C b rre o t f a c i l i t i e s a re con sid e re d
adequate u n t i l e a r ly 1970’ s whes
ta n k vapor re c o v e ry system
re q u ire d .

Local re g u la tio n s l i m i t SOj
ground la v a l c o n c e n tra tio n s to
.5 ppm f o r 1 h r . and .3 ppm
fo r 8 h rs .

The re c e n tly I n s t a lle d s u lf u r
re co ve ry u n it has c o rre c te d area
s u lf u r oxides fu m ig a tio n problem s
C u rre n t f a c i l i t i e s adequat-i u n t i l
1970*s when ta n k va p o r re co ve ry
system re q u ire d .

■o s p e c ific re g u la tio n s .

aerated lagoons.
are n o t l i k e l y .
WDWIPEC

L o c a l re g u la tio n s have esta b ­
lis h e d the fo llo w in g 1968
requirem ents;
o O i l in a f flu e n t
15 ppm max
o Suspended s o lid s 30 ppm ••
o BOO
30 ppm »
o S u lfid e
I ppm "
• pH
5 .5 -9 .0

181.53

A d d itio n a l re g u la tio n s

Requirements f o r 1968 have been o n ly r e ­
c e n tly e s ta b lis h e d . C u rre n t e fflu e n t
q u a lit y exceeds these ta rg e ts In suspended
s o lid s and 800, w ith pH b o r d e r lin e . F a c ll l t y Improvements, In c lu d in g an extended
a e ra tio n system w ith sludge r e c ir c u la tio n ,
be in g s tu d ie d , w i l l be I n s ta lle d 1967.

I

 V A T U

> 0 1 L O T I O N

AIR

P OL L O T I O N

LOCATION
RECUtATIONS

COME NTS

PNITED STATES
BAYUAY

BAYTOWN

BILLIWCS -

191.53

C0»«EHTS

No S ta te r e g u la tio n * on s p e c ific
p o llu ta n t le v e ls . S ta te has
o rd e re d "cease p o llu t io n " o f the
A r th u r K i l l w a te rs and the I n t e r *
s ta te S a n ita ry Coon s s lo o has
e s ta b lis h e d a 7SX - e ^ u r - .o n In
I9e2 p o llu t io n le v e ls to th e f o l ­
lo w in g :
o o i l in e f f l u e n t '
7
ppm
o B00
IS
"
o o rg a n ic carbon
7 .5 "

Bayway s u b s t a n t ia lly exceeds a l l
ta r g e t p o llu t io n c o n t r o ls . A
c o n s id e ra b le p ro b le n e x is ts and
a p p re c ia b le la p ro ve a e n t I s re q u ire d .
Bayway has adopted a number o f
p o s itiv e c o n t r o l techniques o th e rs I n p la n n in g s ta g e . Long range
r e f in e r y m aste r p la n , re q u ire s sewer
s e g re g a tio n , s e p a ra to r Improvements,
c lo s e d c ir c u la t in g w a te r system and
secondary a f f lu e n t trea tm ent to swat
r e s t r i c t i v e re g u la tio n s .

Codes e s ta b lis h e d by New
Je rse y A ir P o llu tio n C o n tro l
Commission on
o smoke
o f l y ash
o p a r tic u la te m a tte r
o poisons
0 . S . Dept o f HEW m eeting on
V t / H J A i r P o llu tio n recommended
max. s u lf u r i n HF0 lo v e ls o f
•31 f o r a re a In d u s try - recowaendatlon n o t accepted
t o d a te .

Problem a re a s o f f l a r a e o o k ln g ,
e x c e s s iv e c a t a ly s t f lo s s lo s s aparanox u n i t w aats d is p o s a l f in e
are c o r r e c ta b le w it h a d d it io n a l
aqulpm ent. These a re u n d e r s tu d
o r developm ent.
Lower max. KFO s u l f u r le v a Is
ara ln a v lt a b la f o r Bayvay R e fln a r y l a th a n e a r f u t u r e .
F u e l o i l r e d u c tio n o r d e a u lf u r l*
s a tIo n program may be r a q u lre d
w h ich w ould re q u ire m a jo r
la va a tm e n t.

Texas re g u la tio n s c o v e rin g
e f f lu e n t s I n t o Houston s h ip
channel as f o llo w s :
°
COO
200 ppn «ox.
o BOO
SO ppa "
o SuspendedS o lid s
70 ppa "
o O il
20 ppa Phenols
ppa

A c tu a l Baytown e f f lu e n t le v e ls are
above c o n t r o l l i m i t s f o r COO,
BOO and suspended s o lid s . Comple­
t io n o f a e ra tio n o f i n l e t to f i r s t
lagoon sh o u ld p e rm it c o n tro l
re g u la tio n s t o be a c t .

Codes fo rm u la te d under Texas
Clean A i r A c t co ve r c o n tr o ls !
are be in g Issued i n the
immediate fu tu re .

Survey o f Baytown r e c e n tly
com pleted b y Southw est Research
In s tltu C a in d ic a te s t h a t a l l
new c o n t r o ls can be u C b y th e
r e f in e r y e x c e p t f o r p a r t ic u la t e
a m is s io n s . E x te rn a l c y c lo n e s to
c o r r e c t t h i s pro b le m a r a under
developm ent.

The L o u is ia n a Stream C o n tro l
C o a a lsslo n esC abllshes perm issive
c o n tr o ls on e f f lu e n t as fo llo w s :
o O il c o n te n t
20
ppa max.
o Phenols
2000 # / d ••

Baton Rouge has c o n s is te n tly been
L o u isia n a A i r C o n tro l Commission
b o r d e rlin e In m eeting p o llu tio n
deve lop ing c o n tr o l re g u la tio n s .
to le ra n c e s . New area r e fin e r s
re q u ire d t o meet v e ry s trin g e n t
re q uire m en ts ( e .g . S h e ll Norco: o i l
I PP«. phenol 70 # /D ) which in d ic a te
th e magnitude o f fu tu re Improvements
re q u ire d . H e rc a p fln ln x p r o je c t w i l l
r e s u lt In 40X phenol re d u c tio n . F u rth er
re q u ire d steps w i l l ne ce ssita te
m ajor In vestm en ts, and w i l l probably
In c lu d e a clo sed c ir c u la t in g water
system.

°

BATCH ROUGE

REGULATIONS

18

"

A u th o r itie s do n o t re g u la te e fflu e n t
from In d iv id u a l In d u s tr ie s . C o ntrols
f o r Yellow stone R ive r q u a lit y as
f o llo w s :
o
Phenols
1
ppt>max.
o
O il - exist n o t be d e te c ta b le by

►•of#

fvfar

B illin g s h a s ‘e s ta b lis h e d r e fin e r y
c o n tr o l ta rg e ts
o
O il
S ppm max.
o
Phenol
8 # /D "

B illin g s e f flu e n t p o llu ta n ts are
s u b s ta n tia lly above targee c o n tr o ls .
New b io lo g ic a l o x id a tio n u n it and
impounding b a sis nearing com pletion
w i l l p e rm it re g u la tio n s to be m et.

No 'o e c lf lc re g u la tio n s .
L e g is la tio n under development due to be presented 1967.

Do n o t a n t ic ip a t e m a jo r problem s
I n t h i s a r e a , w it h e x is t in g
f a c ilit ie s .

I

M a jo r problem areas a re smoke
em issions fro m f l u i d c o k e r sta ck
and ground f l a r e — Improvements
Co b o th are under s tu d y .

 ---------------- M d T K t

memo*

a s g g ^ t io w __________

F O L L U T X O H _______
cowomts

IVtOft
to£!EL
W twrf

C0" '
f f l “ c a t l0 ° fP***
by.
s’ C**t r ! aC T#gula‘
i l ! C ! , 7 ! I ye i “
;°5 ? c“ c to

S « l » f . « o r l l y m eet p re se n t r e g u la t io n . .
N««. « « • r e s t r i c t i v e le g is la t io n 1. c u r M n C ly u n d t r d ^ e l o p e t n t . W i l l re q u ire
s iz a b le e x p e n d itu re , t o meet BOO, o i l end
e e d lo e n t c o n te n t li m i t a t i o n s ,

a J S f J H i?

» “ *>> « » " • « r * lu l« e lo n « . Ho u J o r
conce rn a t p ra a e n t - do n o t a n tic ip a te

S* * J*

re d u c e * - V» j.?n w ith in e s s t
few y e a r , ( c u rr e n t average
e f f lu e n t le v e l 54 p pu ).

peowji
Kalmmdborg

1

225 * / h r *“ “ 5*

• m o o -v o la tlle o i l * 1 J £ T *
o no s u lfid e s

i l l

F 0 I L 0 T X 0 R

RFCULAT10W3

Bo s p e c ific a i r p o llu tio n l i m i ­
t a t io n f o r r e fin in g o p e ra tio n s .
Broad scope o f "C lean A i r A c t"
co u ld be a p p lie d b u t d o e s n 't
q u a n tify require m en ts.

cowrwrs
O f f i c i a l bodies b e in g e s ta b lis h e d t o
d e fin e and c o n t r o l a i r p o l l u t i o n . A n t l c lp a ta mors s t r in g e n t r e g u la t io n s , p a r t i ­
c u la r ly In c i t y areas — fo r e c a s t t o be
Implemented e a r ly 1 9 7 0 'a , la t e s t . Mo
c u r r a n t problem and no a a jo r in ve stm e n ts
fo re c a s t f o r f u t u r e .

Academy f o r T e c h n ic a l S ciences Com­
m itte e s tu d y in g a i r p o l lu t i o n problem s
a t Government's re q u e s t. A n tic ip a te
le g is la t iv e r e s t r ic t io n s b y 1570. Cur­
r e n t ly has le a s t r e s t r i c t i v e HFO s u lf u r
s p e c . In SC andloavla (4X max. S ) .

ln « '«

m set
F o rt J tro a i

n a tio n a l re g u la tio n s c o v e r:
O pd o f e f f lu e n t
5 .5 to 8 .5
e BOO
* 0 pp*; uax.
o S o lid .
30 ppa "
o phenol
tra c e
"
l * c * l e u th o T ltle a can Issue de­
cre e s m aking n a tio n a l c o n tro ls
■ ore s t r in g e n t.
d%

f

<■ n d f l ^ . o

Improvements t o p e r n lt B c e tln g BOO spec.
(110 ppm) and o i l c o n te n t (11 ppa) v l l E
re q u ire s iz a b le e x p e n d itu re . I n '6 8 Budget
f o r e f f lu e n t f lo c c u la t io n . Hew n a tio n a l
la w p e rm its lo c a l a u t h o r itie s t o ta x
In d u s try on volume and q u a lit y o f w ater
used In o p e ra tio n and th e re fo re e x e rt a
c o n s id e ra b le In flu e n c e o v e r w a te r p o llu t io n .

Fos
* 5 ppm max.
F t . Jerome -1 0 ppa box .

Bordeaux

rot

R a tio n a l re g u la tio n s as above.

A c id if ic a t io n o f a f f lu e n t w a te r required
i n *67 t o reduce a f f lu e n t pH ( 8 .9 ) t o ac­
c e p ta b le le v e ls . F u tu re r e g u la tio n , w i l l
p ro b a b ly l i m i t o i l c o n te n t t o 5 ppm and
phenols t o .5 ppm w h ich w i l l re q u ire s i z ­
a b le In vestm en ts.

R a tio n a l re g u la tio n s as above,
p lu s lo c a l l i m i t a t i o n on w ater
e f f lu e n t o i l c o n te n t, o f 5 ppn
■ a x.

A d d itio n a l Impounding f a c i l i t i e s being
s tu d ie d to c o r r e c t th e p e rio d ic e fflu e n t
problem , o f h ig h o i l and phenol co n te n t.

18153

s u lfu r le v e l In products t o th e •
•
’ ----- TvwneawBAAF CW«
fo llo w in g :
r
e
f
in
e
r
ie
s
.
Max.
SOj ground le v e l r*<»
o d ie s e l & h e a tin g o i l .55XS ■ax.
qulrem ents w i l l be In c lu d e d ( n o t as y e t
o LF0 4 F0 #1
2 .0 IS "
d e fin e d ) and make re c o rd lo g th e se le v e ls
o HTO
4 .0 I S "
m andatory. I b i s w i l l u n d o u b te d ly lead
S p e cia l p r o te c tio n zone In F a rls
t o more r e s t r ic t iv e fu tu r e r e g u la tio n s .
lim it s a l l f u e l to 2X S max. Xn
A n tic ip a te need f o r d e s u lf u r iz a t io n f o r
b« im to dachaWO o r f lu e gas la e a r ly 1 9 7 0 'a .
rech s a x .) and p a r tic u la te m a tte r
( . 6 g /1 0 0 0 c a l. ) are a ls o re g u la te d
Mew r e fin e r y In F a rls area lim ite d
to 3T/Day max. S02 e m ission. I n ­
d ic a te s fu tu re tre n d to s trin g e n t
p o llu tio n c o n tr o ls .
f V

B BUS w mi

W W W W B

R a tio n a l re g u la tio n s as abova.

As above.

R a tio n a l re g u la tio n s as above

Kb above.

 H_A T I R
VOCATION

RtCVLATIONS

P O l l O TI ON
COfMKTS

A IR

t o L t DT I 0 ■

REGULATIONS

COWCNTS

CANADA (Coo't.)
SARNIA
%

MDVTUAL

6* AU-VI

#

#
P r o v in c ia l re g u la tio n s r * v t r :
o O i l I n e f f lu e n t
15 p p m max*
o Suspended S o lid s 15 p p m a ix .
o BOO
13 P P m M M X .
a rh t^ l
.OP rr*
o Car
17 P p m t a x .
o Copper
1.0 P p m > ix .
• m
3 .5 -1 0 .6

Dssp w e ll d is p o s a l o f phenols w h ich c u r­
r e n t ly exceed o b je c tiv e s ( .0 3 ppm), in to
th e Cambrian f otto a t Ion i s under develop­
m ent. To comply w ith lic e n s e , long range
“
*•» fu r t h e r reduce e f flu e n t volume
to make secondary b io lo g ic a l trea tm ent
p r a c t ic a l , w il l r e q u ir e use o f clo sed
c ir c u la t in g w a te r system — new p ro je c ts
In c lu d e these f a c i l i t i e s .

P r o v in c ia l re g u la tio n s s p e c ify
standards f o r smoke and p a r t i ­
c u la te m a tte r. C u ld e lln e a f o r
a llo w a b le e m issio n ra te s have
a ls o been Issued.

S a rn ie a re a la p a r t i c u l a r l y s e a e l t l v e t o in t e r n a t io n a l p o llu t io n
c o m p la le ts . S u lf u r o x id e le v e l*
a re b o r d e r lin e . M a jo r e xp e n d i­
tu re s re q u ire d t o a c h ie v e needed
improvements w h ic h w i l l lo n g range
In c lu d e f l u e gas s u l f u r re c o v e ry
a n d /o r J e s u l f u r l ia t lo o o f heavy
f u e ls ; s h o r t ra n g e , h ig h e r s ta c k *
b e in g p ro v id e d as p a r t o f r e f in e r y
m o d e rn is a tio n program .

B® s p e c if ic re g u le tlo n s .

Improved s e p a ra to r o p e ra tio n , c o n tr o l '
o f suspended s o lid s , separate trea tm ent
o f e m u ls ify in g screams i s c u r r e n tly
under s tu d y . F u rth e r m a jo r Improvements
i n a f flu e n t q u a lit y w i l l be re q u ire d In
th e near fu tu r e t o reduce BOD and phenols.

Bo s p e c ific re g u la tio n s .

High sO j and p a r t ic u la t e m a tte r
le v e ls e x i s t due t o th e concen­
t r a t i o n o f • r e f in e r ie s l a th e
a re a . M a jo r e x p e n d itu re s re q u ire d
lo n g range f o r f l u e gas s u lf u r
re c o v e ry end ta n k v a p o r re c o v e ry
f a c i l i t i e s ; s h o r t ra n g e , h ig h e r
s ta c k s re q u ire d f o r im proved
d is tr ib u tio n .

No m ajor exp e n d itu re s fo re c a s t u n t i l
e a r ly 7 0 's when secondary e f f lu e n t t r e a t ­
ment w i l l be re q u ire d .

Bo s p e c ific re g u la tio n s

The r e c e n tly I n s t a lle d s u lf u r
re c o v e ry u n i t keeps S02 e m issio n
a t re a so n a b le l e v e l * . D ust fro m
she p i l o t PIOR P r o j e c t . I s a source
o f c o m p la in ts - due t o t h . tem porary
n a tu re o f t h i s f a c i l i t y , t h i s
s it u a t io n t a le r a t e d , lo n g ra n g e ,
ta n k va p o r re c o v e ry f a c i l i t i e s
r e q u ir e d .

I n te r n a tio n a l J o in t Commission
sta n dards have been adopted,
b u t im p le m e n ta tio n s te p s are

i--v . Isjulcrisrr : - * v
o
•
e
o

O i l la e f f lu e n t
15ppm max.
BOO
15 ppm "
Suspendeds o lid s 15 ppm "
Phenols
.020 ppm "

•

19153

f

3

 BM ttPkQ

tECULATIOW

tu u

re g u la tio n s
O il U e f l l

S ta te a u t h o r itie s d e fin e
S tack h e ig h t re q u ire d and
s p e c ify uaa o f lo w a w lfu r
f u s t ( IX ) under In v e rs io n
c o o d lc lo n s . O th a rvla a
oo r e g u la tio n s . ' S - -

. • .
• x Phenols

S ta te
•
•
• •

S ta te
°
•
o

•.

re g u la tio n s
E f f lu e n t v o I
O il la e f flu
Phenols

230 * 3 / h r
10 pon n

M«at a l l c u r r e n t r e g u la tio n s ^ ' F u tu re
o f 3 ppn o i l c o n te n t and
•3 ppn phenols t r i l l r e q u ir e s iz e a b le

re g u la tio n s c o v e r:
S f a o enC vo lu a e 400 n 3 /h r.» a
O i l I n e f f lu e n t
10 pp« u .
P h enol.
2 ppea
“

"

c o n tr o l o«
l l o g a cn o ephe rla-y
tb o r it r

I t l a a n t ic ip a t e s t h a t I n $ 8
. “ * ■ * * * fo e u re E a r la r u h e M

• t i l e s ta b lis h an
a n la a le a r e g u la t io n «* « f T e r y
t o le g e la ta d t. : S ta c k h e ig h t <
c u r r e n tly re q u ire d f o r note
f a c ilit ie s . 600 f t. * ,* .

W Z X iC

S ta te re g u la tio n s c o v e r:
E f f lu e n t v o l i n e 103 m3/ h r .

l a i t r l c t l o a a m 5 0 . a b a s ia
la v e ! v W   b c r s t a c i h e ig h t r a q u l n a . a u and n o r#
s t r in g e n t o d o r c o n t r o l a r o ,
fo ra c a a c . S ta c k h e ig h t f o r
saw fe e l l i t le a 4 0 0 f t . *

M eet a l l c u r r e n t r e g u la t io n ! which
ara th e n o s t s t r in g e n t in th e Je rse y
c i r c u i t . F a c i l i t i e s a t In g o ls ta d t
re p re s e n t sooc o f th e c o s t advanced
i n th e p o llu t io n c o n t r o l f i e l d I n the
r e f in in g in d u s tr y .

M eet a l l r e t u l a r f *?- *

19153

1^

 RTCULATTOWS

M an si
w on (Cnm't.)
ITALT %,
IreCate
U rl
LagSora

L o c a l r e g u la tio n * M t u x . o i l
cooteoc a t SO ppa max.
*.

REGULATIONS

COMMENTS

K n elro ( t o l d o f p o llu t io n c o n t r o l r e c a lv in g renewed c o n s id e r a tio n b y I t a l ia n
a u th o r itie s — more s t r in g e n t re g u la tio n s
fo re c a s t la f u tu r o w h ich w i l l re q u ire
m a jo r in ve stm e n ts. L o c a l a u th o r itie s
ta k a e x c e p tio n t o o d o r o f B a r i e f f lu e n t
w a te r. P r o je c t under s tu d y t o reduce
e ttlu e n c o i l concent ana o c o r.

e o w c irrs

<w . -. . v .«
: fe
•._ * • > «.*•
;a v A. v V
.
e • < T•1 • '•r <
las ; A*
' **f ••
• • . m*,
y*
r f. . *v»d,v>
* 1**-&•*'*
var?.
»M .■• >
• / lir M ^ / % y l".
* «r. .■■•-- r’ ‘
BaA,
•• *e
^
V f*/ * . '»*
New I t a l i a n la g ls la t lo n r e s t r i c t s G eneral I t a l i a n a i r p o llu t io n le g is l a ­
s u lf u r le v e l I n r e f in e r y f u e l Co
t io n la c o n s ld a ra b ly la s a r a s t r i c t l v a
*X max. C e n tra l and lo c a l com­
than e th e r European r e f i n e r ie s . W ith
m issio ns e s ta b lis h e d which have
in c re a s in g p u b lic a tta n c lo u and c o o c a ra .
broad powers t o Issue d e ta ile d
s u lf u r le va I la f u e l and S02 e m is s io n
a i r p o llu t io n re g u la tio n s and
c o n t r o l w i l l become more r e s t r i c t i v e .
• jt
tb s a u th o r ity t o reduca max.
s u lf u r la v e is i n f u e ls .
rn
•
. •• r « •
a • : 'V
•*".i
-■
v•-1
a^'-;; *r; $ X x t*r . >v 'V ,—
m
w
aa^m
a• . .—
-w
—
_j *•
a.
r
.»
l
.
«
*
*
4
* *• *
.■#.■
• 0
As abova.
■2S s cru b b in g f a c i l i t i e s end a s s o c ia te d
s u lf u r p la n t In clu d e d l a 1)17 Budget
t o c o r re c t p o t e n t ia l SO. ground la v e l
' ‘
k.»yi*v • A.vVy.iy.' ^ problems a s s o c ia te d w it h 7.SX M2S la
** •••t"* •'» '
^ • I V.
^ #
f u e l gas a f t e r FCC s t a r t u p , lh e s e aaw
« • * **«? • q a ^
/
.m « f a c i l i t i e s w i l l p u t Augusta l a sound
•
* .a.l
4k'v%*«W
—
a • _r• 4*’•■».fy
» 4 ' v*«
*•’ *‘ p o s itio n r e la t iv e to a i r p o llu t io n .
•
»r •*« • a • •
V.
*•*’». »—
*•
• • »* ' ’ ' >
a..‘•.\4■ V «
^ a•
«'£" *-f
*V
*■
**^
v»®
.oV
C
•»V*’'**." V
“-*
M*'*
T' •
l
. Vt* ^ A^ •. ^Smam «. « - a
* .*# • . *.•%'* • • ' • • #,‘.i - TVw **•.’ ?*, '* . *
#<*.
• .* ‘.J
*
•.
,

w

dogmata

L o c a l r e g u la tio n s as above.

E f f lu e n t o i l concent exceeds r e g u la ,<
tIo n s ;p h e n o l c o n te n t and e u lfld a le v e ls
a re h ig h —— Steps b e in g ta k e n t o im prove
a f f lu e n t q u a lit y b y s t r ip p in g H2 S from
s o u r w a ta r t o a llm ln a ta s u lfid e s p ro *
blam and t o remova c a u s tic from separa­
t o r t o p re v e n t a f f lu e n t em ulsions and
reduce o i l c o n te n t. P h e n o lic w a te r
problem now u n d e r s tu d y . New re g u la ­
tio n s are under development and expected
t o be implemented I n n e a r fu tu r e U ilc h
w i l l r e q u ir e s iz a b le In ve stm e n ts.

‘

, .

m

—   g. m •

urnpou-iyps
Botcardam

N a tio n a l re g u la tio n s c o v e r:
o o i l l a e f f lu e n t 30 ppm
• P®
4 .S -0 .S .

Meat a l l c u r r e n t r e g u la tio n s . Substan­
t i a l fu tu r e e xp e n d itu re s fo re c a s t to
meet Improved e f f lu e n t q u a lit y BOD and
o i l c o n te n t.
KesC rlcM ve re g u la tio n s a o o lle d by
ftotterdm a a u t h o r itie s Co new BP Re­
f in e r y and b y Amsterdam t o M o b il's Re­
f in e r y b e fo re b u ild in g p e rm its Issued.

■

.^--g^\

g g.•g ^

No re g u la tio n s exce p t g e n e ra l
P u b lic Nuisance A c t w h ich g ive s
lo c a l a u th o r itie s some freedom
Co s p e c ify equipment necessary
to m inim ize p o llu t io n .

•

e

' *•*

0

.

m

0

r1

1

f

0

'

A n tic ip a te n a tio n a l a i r p o llu t io n le ­
g is la t io n by 1970, w h ich w i l l p ro b a b ly
be based on m u n ic ip a l r e s t r ic t io n s
a p p lie d to new r e f in e r ie s ,
to tte r d m * a u t h o r itie s a ls o c u r r e n t ly
d e v e lo p in g p o llu t io n c o n t r o l re g u la ­
tio n s f o r area I n d u s tr ie s . Scope a t l l l
n o t f in a liz e d — a f f i l i a t e and o th e r
lo c a l r e f in e r s p a r t ic ip a t in g l a t h a lr .
re v ie w .
•

W W AT
Slagem
V a lle y

Mo re g u la tio n s

191.53

A n tic ip a te n a tio n a l re g u la tio n s b y 1970
which w i l l be comparable t o th o se In
o th e r Scandinavian c o u n tr ie s . Expected
max. o i l c o n te n t r e s t r ic t io n o f 10 ppm
w i l l re q u ire m inor improvements a t
Slagen ( c u r r e n tly 25 ppm) and m a jo r in ­
vestments In V a llo y ( c u r r e n tly 100 ppm)
due to o b s o le te f a c i l i t i e s I n l a t t e r
lo c a tio n .

No re g u la tio n s

A n tic ip a te no tr o u b le l a m a stlo g lo c a l
re g u la tio n s when developed.

 UTI*

axrica

WAT* R

-? 0 t L U T I O H
A l t

A»CTA

MCTLATIOMS

POLL UT I 0

COWEKTS

LACO

C PPgH T S

D c b a lla .tin g ta n k b e in g I n s ta lle d
“ P « e o f Clean Sea* P o lic y . Modern1t a tI o n o f O .H .S . f a c l l l t U a expected
CO raduca H arbor p o llu t io n by r e p l a c e *
m m t o f la a ky tanka and U n a s which
d r a in o i l I n t o th e c o r a l fe rm a tf* •od than I n t o th e h a rb o r.

WPgZPStA

A i r p o llu t io n l a heavy b u t
fumaa a ra c a r r ie d o u t t o ae<

AHIAT
c a r ip it o

Adequate s e p a ra to r c a p a c ity p lu s
secondary s e t t l i n g ponds p ro vid e
p r o te c tio n f r o n w a te r p o llu t io n .

W M IA

Hone

N a tu ra l gaa r e f in e r y f u e l
• v o ld a a i r p o l lu t i o n .

SARTACEMA
C u rra n t o i l contone o f w a te r
a f f lu e n t I s 3 t o 10 ppn.

Hooe
Colom bia N a tio n a l S a fa ty C o u n c il
• v o r k ln g w it h in d u s t r y groups
In c lu d in g fs s o I n f o r m a t i o n o f
« l r p o l lu t i o n r e g u la tio n s which
?0 t * * * • « • < t o p re s e n t aoy
problem s t o C artage na R e fin e r y .

Atcnrrmg
CAfgAXA
CALVf-f

----------- —

m iu
W CQ
r ^ ' l e ” . h* ve wvfc
n o t taken
any s te p , t o fo n m ila te re g u la tio n s under
th e Law. R e fin e ry e f f lu e n t c o n ta in s
about 10 ppm o f o i l . L e g is la tio n

k°d u * h*
p r iv a te e n te rp ris e s

P «bU c o r
In s p e c tio n and c o n tr o l la l e f t
t® w n lc l p a l a u t h o r itie s .

b! 1" * COnee-P»*ta«* t o p ro vid e
c o n tr o l o f w a te r c o n ta m in a tio n bv
Bytfroc«rboo*.
•

Ceneral require m en t t o avoid
p o llu t io n .

C o n tro l o f o i l lo s s t o harbo r
■«»C conform w ith Reach C o n tro l
and H arbor H a .te r re g u la tio n s .

- >i

n o r e g u la t io n , have been fo rm u la te d
b y M u n ic ip a l a u t h o r it ie s . R e fin e rie s

^
* Ul£uC f u e l wblcH a v o id *
C J l l i S ’ C* C alP«e d is c h a rg e
b a a i n Che p a s t c a u s e d some m ild
( P u b lic r e a c t i o n .

•.*

J o . low le v e l o f I n d u a t r l . l c o n c e n tra tio n
b i 2 J # 9 0 * * * c l t l c I ° t e r e iC I n problem
« e ^ n . 7 r nJ’ T* U r * Pr * s « n t o p e ra tio n .

p£bu“
JAMAICA
K M C STO I

. .4
1958 la w p r o h i b it , atm ospheric
p o llu t io n w ith im plem entation
and c o n tr o l l e f t to M u n ic ip a l
a u t h o r lt le a .
r

**

Government require m en t t o avoid
pollution.

T a la r a hurna g s , a a 4 t h e r e fo r ,
p o llu t io n p ro b le n e x is t s .

PCM“ * “° P®»«tlon

l * r l o t » ppn o t C lean a i r lew adopted In 1961,
J ! S ! '* t lo M
• b a lla s t w a te r c.n k
m W M * * ? " " * ! ” b* ln * In »e* “ «d to
k « — *« •» P o lic y end p ro v id e ■
T il

H eets a l l r e g u la tio n s .

P . SALVADOR

ACAJirriA

Sanitation Code p r o b lb lta d ta Poeal o f li q u i d waste l a r iv e r s .

W IC M A C V A

I u t S * l f J l re * u la e lo n * bavs been fo rm -

-

p r ;..n r ^ r u tr^

H eets re q u ire m e n t and no a i r
p o llu t io n problem e x is t s .

0; ; : : : f - cco^

COnero1 11 • • t ia f a c t o r y
“ ° P o U -tlo n problem e x la ta .
7

19153

S e n lt .t lo n Cod.' r e o u lr * . e.

None
Presene le v e l o f s ta c k fume
e m is s io n p re s e n ts no problem .

 E f f lu e n t o i l c o n te n t c u r r e n t ly 20 ppa
w h ic h re p re s e n ts s t a t l s f a r t o r y p a r lo r
ounce. : ,
'
'-w •

S p e c ify o n ly m oke a n ls a lo n
■ ***u r« 4 b y Blngleaana gauge

B e f in e r y e f f l u e n t flo w s I n t o e v a s p end
' M o n ito rin g o f sv a n p a f f l u e n t c o n s i s t e n t l y
' i n d i c a t e s no o
i
l
i i."*'•V .: •

SOj le v e ls a r e w ool c o re d ' l a ' a r e e f g f lM
su rro u n d in g r e f i n e r y t o a v o id aaceed5
to « 0 .3 ppa as agreed ppou e u l u
w ith Cover « * n t end ru b b e r p le a t s c io n s

U f l n t r y o f f l u e n t c o n t a i n s 1 0 /3 0 p p o
g f l u c P etroleum dee o f 1949 p r o - /
o i l t o d l i c o o i U i c t d t o b m c c u r r a n t - V ; ^ f t E , s id e s broad g e n e ra l re q u ire
t r e g u l a t i o n s * *S>V

S it u a t l e a s s t is f a c t o r y : snd n o p r o b l e m

m

m

m

‘ I f f l u e n t v a t s r q u a lity w ith in p r e . S 2 t S p e c ify o n ly saoV* em ission
■ s c r i b e d s p e c i f l c e t I o n s a n d n o n a J o r^ T C j^ U '£ & t * * neesured b y Klnglesuna
p r o b le m s f o r e s e e n , . ; - . - . c \ ,
gauge. .•
>■•?$

: u t i a ^ s w a te r l e t s o e r s s ]
and ausc n e a t o n ly pH H a lt s
F iv e r iv e r s have been d e s ig ­
n a te d f o r p o llu t io n c o n tr o l
u n d e r fo llo w in g r e g u la tio n s :

• p n - ^ '. ^ s . a - s . s ..
•

POO '

'

25 n g /L a a x .t

• i S u sp ende d j
i , ' S o lid s

9 0 c w /L

• '*

'

E x ls tto g n p i U c l o u doc M f o r u a .

O cca sio n a l lo c a l'o d o r c o a p le ln ta w h ich
'r e f in e r y endeavors t o c o u n te ra c t b y v *
o p e ra to r t r a i n in g end good p u b lic . r e - 9
f l e t i ons «<3K3t