Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 1 of 26 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. JAMES E. CARTWRIGHT, Defendant. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Cr. No. 16-CR-188 UNITED STATES’ MEMORANDUM IN AID OF SENTENCING I. INTRODUCTION Public office is a public trust. The United States entrusted the Defendant, James E. Cartwright, a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general who served as the Vice Chairman of the Joints Chiefs of Staff, with some of its most sensitive and consequential classified information. That classified information, and the Defendant’s obligation not to disclose it to individuals who were not authorized to receive it, remained with him after he retired from government service in September 2011. The Defendant violated this trust by: (1) leaking highly classified information to reporters on multiple occasions; (2) lying to the FBI in an effort to conceal his crimes; and (3) distributing another fabricated version of his conduct after the plea hearing, to falsely portray his crimes as acts of heroism. On October 17, 2016, before this Court, the Defendant pled guilty to a felony offense and admitted to making unauthorized disclosures of TOP SECRET//SCI information to two individuals and to lying to the FBI about doing so, as described in the detailed Statement of Offense filed on October 14, 2016 (“Statement of Offense”). The United States recommends that the Court impose a sentence of 24 months of incarceration in this case. Such a sentence is sufficient but not greater than necessary to comply Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 2 of 26 with the purposes of sentencing set forth in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). The Defendant chose to violate the law in two distinct ways. First by providing and confirming TOP SECRET//SCI information to persons not authorized to receive it, and then by lying to the FBI as they conducted a criminal investigation into these unauthorized disclosures. The characteristics of the Defendant, specifically his extensive training in the proper handling of classified information, demonstrate that this was not a mistake or an error in judgment. Additionally, the need for deterrence is strong. Everyday across the United States Government, individuals are entrusted with highly sensitive classified information. They must understand that disclosing such information to persons not authorized to receive it has severe consequences. Finally, the Government’s sentencing recommendation is within the spectrum of sentences imposed in recent cases involving the unauthorized disclosure of classified information and lying to federal investigators, and thus avoids unwarranted sentencing disparities. II. FACTUAL SUMMARY In 2012, David Sanger published a book and an accompanying article that contained highly sensitive classified information. Within days of the article’s publication, the Attorney General of the United States tasked the United States Attorney for the District of Maryland and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) with conducting a criminal investigation into the source of the unauthorized disclosures to Sanger. In the course of that investigation, the FBI learned, and the Defendant has admitted, that he met with Sanger on two occasions, one in January and the other in March 2012, and that the Defendant “provided and confirmed classified information, including TOP SECRET//SCI information, to David Sanger,” in the course of those meetings. Statement of Offense ¶ 10. 2 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 3 of 26 The FBI also learned, and the Defendant has also admitted, that in February 2012, he “confirmed classified information, including TOP SECRET//SCI information” to Daniel Klaidman, a second reporter. Id. at ¶12. On November 2, 2012, the Defendant agreed to a voluntary interview with the FBI. During that interview, which lasted more than three hours, the Defendant repeatedly denied that he had disclosed or confirmed TOP SECRET//SCI information to either Sanger or Klaidman. Further, he offered the interviewing FBI agents a detailed, yet fabricated, version of events concerning his communications with Sanger and the two meetings they had in an attempt to deceive law enforcement into believing he was not the source of any of the classified information disclosed to Sanger. Similarly, the Defendant denied even discussing with Klaidman the subject matter of the article that Klaidman wrote that contained classified information, information that the Defendant now admits he confirmed before the article’s publication. He made these denials precisely because he knew what he did was wrong and not because he believed he was “engaged in the well-known and understood practice of attempting to save national secrets,” the version of events he now offers in mitigation of his criminal conduct. Attachment 1 (Statement from Gregory Craig). When confronted with emails between himself and Sanger that demonstrated that the Defendant’s version of events was indeed false, and with an email exchange with Klaidman in which the Defendant confirmed TOP SECRET//SCI information, the Defendant passed out and was taken to the hospital. The Defendant apparently had an attack of conscience and blacked out when the FBI confronted him with evidence that he had lied to them in the course of a voluntary interview in which he had agreed to participate. He spent the evening of Friday, November 2, 2012, at the hospital and was discharged the next day. He voluntarily resumed his FBI interview 3 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 4 of 26 on Monday, November 5, 2012. During that second interview, the Defendant admitted providing and confirming classified information to Sanger and Klaidman. III. UNITED STATES SENTENCING GUIDELINES CALCULATION The advisory sentencing guidelines offense level in this case is eight, based on an offense level of six and an agreed-upon two-level enhancement for abuse of a position of trust. However, a two-level reduction would be appropriate for acceptance of responsibility, resulting in an offense level of six. Plea Agreement ¶ 4. As the Statement of Offense makes clear, the Guideline calculation understates the seriousness of the offense. The Defendant admitted not only to lying to the FBI, but also to disclosing TOP SECRET//SCI information to two individuals not authorized to receive it. In the plea agreement, the parties agreed that “the Government reserves the right to seek a sentence above the Estimated Guidelines Range based on § 3553(a) factors.” Id. at ¶ 5. Further, the parties agreed that, “[t]he Government and [the Defendant] reserve the right to describe fully, both orally and in writing, to the sentencing judge, the nature and seriousness of [the Defendant’s] misconduct, including any misconduct not described in the charges to which [the Defendant] is pleading guilty. Id. at ¶ 6. IV. DEFENDANT’S CRIMINAL CONDUCT A. Applicable Law Title 18, Section 3553, of the United States Code provides that, in determining a particular sentence, the Court should consider the nature and circumstances of the offense and the characteristics of the defendant. 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)(1). In addition, it states that the Court must consider other factors, including the need for the sentence “to reflect the seriousness of the offense, to promote respect for the law . . . . to provide just punishment for the offense, [and] to 4 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 5 of 26 afford adequate deterrence to criminal conduct.” 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)(2)(A) & (B). Further, the sentence should protect the public from further crimes of the defendant and provide the defendant with needed correctional treatment. 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)(2)(C) & (D). Finally, the sentence should “avoid unwarranted sentence disparities among defendants with similar records who have been found guilty of similar conduct.” 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)(6). B. The Seriousness of the Offense The criminal acts in this case, both the unauthorized disclosures of TOP SECRET//SCI information and the making of false statements to the FBI, are of grave significance. The former affects our nation’s national security. The latter affects the ability of our criminal justice system to effectively investigate crimes and hold the individuals responsible accountable. The United States will address the seriousness of all the conduct to which the Defendant has admitted in the Statement of Offense. 1. The Unauthorized Disclosures of TOP SECRET//SCI Information to Sanger and Klaidman In the course of FBI’s investigation in this case, the Defendant was identified as a likely source of the classified information that Sanger published. A United States Magistrate Judge in this court authorized a search warrant for the Defendant’s personal email account, which revealed evidence that the Defendant made unauthorized disclosures of classified information to Sanger. Also contained in those emails was conclusive evidence that the Defendant made an unauthorized disclosure of classified information to Klaidman. In the Statement of Offense, the Defendant admitted he made unauthorized disclosures of TOP SECRET//SCI information to both Sanger and Klaidman: Between January and June 2012, Cartwright provided and confirmed classified information, including TOP SECRET//SCI information, to David Sanger. David Sanger was a reporter for a national newspaper. David Sanger was not authorized 5 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 6 of 26 to receive the classified information that Cartwright provided to him and confirmed to him. David Sanger included the classified information Cartwright communicated to him in an article that was published in the national newspaper for which he worked and in a book he authored. *** In February 2012, Cartwright confirmed classified information, including TOP SECRET//SCI information, to another reporter, Daniel Klaidman. Daniel Klaidman was a reporter for a national news organization. Daniel Klaidman was not authorized to receive the classified information that Cartwright confirmed. Daniel Klaidman included the classified information Cartwright confirmed to him in an article that was published in the news magazine for which he worked. Statement of Offense ¶¶ 10 and 12. Thus, there is no dispute that the Defendant made unauthorized disclosures of TOP SECRET//SCI information to two individuals who were not authorized to receive it. The substance of those disclosures is discussed in the Classified Addendum to this Memorandum. The Defendant knew that the unauthorized disclosure of information that is classified as “TOP SECRET//SCI” reasonably could be expected to result in “exceptionally grave” damage to the national security of the United States. See Statement of Offense ¶ 4; see also Executive Order 13526. The “Classified Information Non-Disclosure Agreement” he signed when he retired from government service in September 2011, clearly stated: “I have been advised that unauthorized disclosure . . . by me could cause damage or irreparable injury to the United States or could be used to advantage by a foreign nation.” Statement of Offense ¶ 11. As a result, the Defendant’s decision to provide and confirm TOP SECRET//SCI information to two individuals who, he admits, were not authorized to receive it and who he knew were likely to publish the information, was profoundly dangerous. He did so, as he ultimately admitted in his interview with the FBI, without authorization and without even 6 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 7 of 26 consulting anyone in the United States Government before or after he communicated with Sanger and Klaidman. This was not a single episode. It was not a slip of the tongue when he “provided and confirmed” TOP SECRET//SCI information to Sanger and “confirmed” classified information to Klaidman or when he denied doing so to the FBI. These episodes were not momentary lapses in judgment or the product of mistake or any misunderstanding. The Defendant’s criminal conduct spanned a ten-month period from January 2012, when he first made unauthorized disclosures to Sanger, to November 2012, when he lied to the FBI about the disclosures to Sanger and Klaidman. The Defendant may argue that “confirming” information is not as serious as disclosing it in the first instance, although he admitted in the Statement of Offense to doing both. Such an argument overlooks the fact that confirmation is a form of disclosure. Moreover, the timeline is clear, as the Defendant has admitted—he provided and confirmed classified information for the reporters, who then published their articles. If Sanger and Klaidman had information they could have published without confirmation from the Defendant, they likely would have published that information without reaching out to him. However, they went to the Defendant before they published classified information, and the Defendant gave them the additional proof they needed to publish classified information. Additionally, as the Defendant well knows, the classified information he provided and confirmed was extremely sensitive. In the statement issued to the press by the Defendant’s counsel, the Defendant claims he sought to “prevent publication of information that might harm American lives or national security.” Attachment 1 (Statement of Gregory Craig 10/17/2017). 7 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 8 of 26 Implicit in this statement is the Defendant’s acknowledgement that the information the Defendant provided and confirmed for Sanger and Klaidman could harm the United States. 2. The Defendant Lied to the FBI About the Unauthorized Disclosures of TOP SECRET//SCI Information He Made to Sanger and Klaidman In his FBI interview on November 2, 2012, the Defendant repeatedly lied to the FBI in an effort to conceal his involvement in the unauthorized disclosures the FBI was investigating. As described in the Statement of Offense: On November 2, 2012, Cartwright agreed to a voluntary interview with agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). In that interview, Cartwright intentionally provided false information to the interviewing agents, including, among others, the following false statements: a. After investigators showed Cartwright a list of quotes and statements from David Sanger’s book, a number of which contained classified information, Cartwright falsely told investigators that he was not the source of any of the quotes and statements. Cartwright also falsely told investigators that he did not provide or confirm classified information to David Sanger. b. Cartwright falsely told investigators that he never discussed Country 1 with Daniel Klaidman when in truth Cartwright had confirmed certain classified information relating to Country 1 in an email he sent to Daniel Klaidman. The false statements Cartwright made to the FBI were material and were made knowingly and willfully. Statement of Offense ¶¶ 13-14. The Defendant not only denied that he had provided TOP SECRET//SCI information to Sanger, he also gave the FBI a fabricated story about his interactions with Sanger. The following information is drawn from the FBI report of the Defendant’s interview on November 2, 2012, which is being provided to the Court as an attachment to the United States’ classified addendum to this memorandum. According to the FBI’s report, the Defendant described his interactions with Sanger as the following: 8 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 9 of 26 Outside of Aspen [a reference to conferences convened by the Aspen Institute on a variety of topics] and other casual “run-ins” with Sanger, Cartwright met Sanger in person on two occasions in his office at CSIS [the Center for Strategic and International Studies]. Sanger contacted Cartwright’s office via a telephone call to Cartwright’s research assistant, Scott Goossens, and mentioned that he wanted to interview Cartwright in regards to information pertaining to Cyber Command (CYBERCOM). According to Cartwright, Goossens scheduled the interview and put “CYBERCOM” as the topic of the interview in Cartwright’s calendar. The first time Sanger came to CSIS to meet him, Cartwright was under the impression the meeting was for an article Sanger was writing about CYBERCOM. Sanger eluded to wanting to talk to him about cyber for something he was writing. Cartwright thought he was initially meeting Sanger to provide context for an article. However, shortly after the interview started, Sanger started asking questions that were clearly geared toward a book he was writing on . . . Sanger and Cartwright met for approximately 15-20 minutes. Attachment 1 to Classified Addendum, November 2, 2012 Interview of James Cartwright at 2-3. Prior to this interview, the FBI had obtained emails between the Defendant and Sanger that showed that their initial meeting was not arranged by Scott Goossens and was not for the purpose of discussing CYBERCOM. Rather, the meeting was arranged between the Defendant and Sanger directly, and the topic was clearly identified as pertaining to classified information. The Defendant then falsely told the FBI that he refused to answer Sanger’s questions because doing so would confirm classified information. The FBI’s report further states that the Defendant told the FBI: Cartwright agreed to meet Sanger again in Cartwright’s CSIS office a few weeks following their initial meeting. During this second meeting, Sanger told Cartwright he had been to the White House and “worked off their concerns.” Sanger again asked Cartwright to provide him with information for his book and to address any concerns Cartwright may additionally have in regards to the material. Cartwright refused and explained to Sanger that he did not feel comfortable consulting for his book because he was no longer in government. Sanger brought a satchel to his second meeting with Cartwright. The satchel contained at least three or four paper-clipped groupings of paper, which Cartwright believed contained pieces of Sanger’s manuscript. Although it was 9 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 10 of 26 clear Sanger wanted Cartwright to look over some of the manuscript, Cartwright refused to even look at the papers. Id. at 4. Thus, Sanger represented at least to the Defendant that he was speaking with current officials in the United States Government to, “work[] off their concerns,” about the material Sanger was intending to publish. This fact contradicts the Defendant’s assertion that he believed he had to engage in a freelance unauthorized “save the secrets” exercise with Sanger. Sanger also gave the Defendant an opportunity to address any concerns he himself had and the Defendant told the FBI he refused to do so. The FBI then showed the Defendant a list of 37 passages from Sanger’s book. The Defendant reviewed each passage carefully and had a detailed discussion about the information contained in those passages with the FBI agents as if he was trying to assist them in their investigation. He then denied providing any of the information in those passages to Sanger. He did this all the while knowing he was engaging in deception. He offered the FBI the names of other current and former government officials who, he claimed, might have had access to the classified information contained in the passages in Sanger’s book in an attempt to direct attention away from himself and onto others. See id. at 6-13. The FBI then returned to the topic of how the Defendant came to meet with Sanger and what occurred in those meetings. Again, the Defendant chose to lie to the FBI about his interactions with Sanger. According to the FBI’s report, the Defendant told the FBI the following: In regards to the first meeting with Sanger, Cartwright was not sure if Sanger mentioned []. Sanger wanted to know how CYBERCOM was organized. Cartwright suggested that he would have discussed with Sanger the difference in the Obama and Bush Administration’s cyber programs, but Sanger did not. 10 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 11 of 26 The second of the two meetings between Sanger and Cartwright was very short, and ended after Cartwright refused to review the portions of the manuscript Sanger attempted to show. Cartwright stated he never discussed [Country A] [] [with] any with reporters or responded to questions concerning []. Id.at 14. The FBI then questioned the Defendant about Klaidman. Id. at 14. He was shown an article written by Klaidman. Id. The Defendant told the FBI he was not familiar with the article. Id. He further told the FBI that he had not discussed the topic of the article with Klaidman. Id. In fact, the article included text that the Defendant had seen in an email from Klaidman that contained classified information and the Defendant had confirmed this information to Klaidman via email. Id. The FBI then showed the Defendant the email exchange he had with Klaidman concerning the article that contained classified information. Id. at 14-15. The FBI also showed the Defendant his email to Klaidman in which the Defendant confirmed the classified information Klaidman had emailed to him. The report of the interview describes the following: After reading the email exchange, Cartwright stated the email contradicted his previous statements concerning not engaging with Klaidman on matters pertaining to []. Cartwright explained that he did not recall Klaidman asking about the matter, but then stated, “I think I divulged classified information.” He additionally took off his glasses, started rubbing his eyes, and told interviewing agents, “you got me” when confronted with his contradicting statements. Id. at 15 (emphasis added). The FBI then returned to the topic of David Sanger and showed the Defendant an email in which Sanger had reached out directly to the Defendant to set up their first meeting, which contradicted the Defendant’s previous statement that Sanger had reached out to the Defendant’s 11 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 12 of 26 assistant Scott Goossens, and described the topic that Sanger wanted to discuss, which was not CYBERCOM, as the Defendant had previously told the FBI. Id. At this point in the interview: Cartwright read through the email and scanned the document with his finger. Cartwright was shaking, losing color in his face, and clearing his throat. Cartwright attempted to explain the email; however, his speech became slurred and he subsequently slumped over in this chair and lost consciousness. Interviewing agents immediately attended to Cartwright and contacted FBI Police and FBI medics for assistance. Id. at 15-16. The Defendant was then transported from the FBI office to an area hospital. After being discharged from the hospital over the weekend, the Defendant voluntarily returned to the FBI office on Monday, November 5, 2012. He was again shown the email exchange he had with Klaidman. That email exchange is Attachment 4 to the Classified Addendum submitted with this sentencing memorandum. The Defendant admitted that he was the military source quoted in Klaidman’s article. Attachment 2 to Classified Addendum, November 5, 2012 Interview of James Cartwright at 2. The article did not identify the Defendant by name. The Defendant admitted to the FBI that, “he did wrong by validating something he had no intent of validating to a reporter.” Id. The FBI returned to the Defendant’s communications with Sanger. The Defendant then admitted to the FBI that he provided and confirmed a variety of classified information to Sanger and detailed that information to the FBI. Id. at 3-10. The FBI reviewed the list of 37 passages that they had shown the Defendant on Friday, November 2, 2012, and the Defendant, on his own initiative, began marking the passages with a series of color highlighters provided to him by the FBI—in yellow, for information that the Defendant provided to Sanger; in green, “for text on paper that Sanger showed to Cartwright which Cartwright subsequently confirmed”; and in blue, for “information Sanger verbally discussed with Cartwright and Cartwright may have confirmed, 12 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 13 of 26 but Sanger did not show him in writing.” The Defendant initialed each page of the highlighted list of passages and signed and dated the last page. See Attachment 3 to Classified Addendum. 3. The Defendant’s Statements to the Press After His Guilty Plea and His Statement to the United States Probation Officer The Defendant has submitted a statement to the United States Probation Office in this case asserting that in making unauthorized disclosures of TOP SECRET//SCI information he was motivated by a desire, to “talk them [referring to Sanger and Klaidman] out of using classified information that, if published, would do damage to U.S. national security.” Presentence Report ¶ 30. The Defendant may attempt to offer this explanation as a mitigating factor for the Court to consider at sentencing. This story is at odds with the facts in this case and should be disregarded. In the course of its investigation, the United States found no evidence that any other United States government official disclosed classified information to Sanger or Klaidman, other than the Defendant, and no evidence that the Defendant was engaged in a “save the secrets” exercise as he now claims. While the Defendant asserts that Sanger and Klaidman were in possession of some classified information when they approached him, there is no evidence to support that claim, other than the Defendant’s word. At the time he entered a plea of guilty on October 17, 2016, the Defendant and his lawyers released two statements to the press. The statement released by his counsel said the following: General Cartwright has spent his whole life putting the national interest first. That’s why he talked to the reporters in the first place – to protect American interests and lives in a story they had already written. In his conversations with these two reporters, General Cartwright was engaged in a well-known and understood practice of attempting to save national secrets, not disclosing classified information. His effort to prevent publication of information that might harm American lives or national security does not constitute a violation of any law. 13 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 14 of 26 General Cartwright’s offense was in statements he made to FBI agents investigating a leak – and that is the entire basis for his plea. Attachment 1 (Statement from Gregory Craig 10/17/2016). Counsel’s press statement is inaccurate in three respects. First, Counsel’s statement that the Defendant “talked to the reporters,” about “a story they had already written,” is contradicted by the facts the Defendant admitted to in the Statement of Offense. In the Statement of Offense, the Defendant admitted that, “David Sanger included the classified information Cartwright communicated to him in an article that was published in the national newspaper for which he worked and in a book he authored.” Statement of Offense ¶ 10. Sanger, therefore, could not have written the article, which included information Cartwright provided to him, before his meeting with Cartwright. Second, Counsel’s statement that when the Defendant made unauthorized disclosures to Sanger and Klaidman he, “. . . was engaged in a well-known and understood practice of attempting to save national secrets, not disclosing classified information,” (emphasis added) is also contradicted by the Statement of Offense, to which his client agreed. The Statement of Offense provides that, “[b]etween January and June 2012, Cartwright provided and confirmed classified information, including TOP SECRET//SCI, to David Sanger.” Id. Third, Counsel’s statement that “General Cartwright’s offense was in statements he made to FBI agents investigating a leak – and that is the entire basis for his plea,” is also contradicted by the Statement of Offense. In the Statement of Offense, the Defendant admitted to, first, “providing and confirming” TOP SECRET//SCI information to Sanger and “confirming” TOP SECRET//SCI information for Klaidman, and, second, to lying to the FBI about his conduct. Id. ¶¶ 10 and 12. All of that conduct forms the basis for his plea and all of that conduct should be considered by the Court in 14 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 15 of 26 arriving at a sentence that is sufficient, but not greater than necessary, as articulated in 18 U.S.C. § 3553. The Defendant also released a statement to the press on the day he pled guilty. In it he said, “I knew I was not the source of the story and I didn’t want to be blamed for the leak. My only goal in talking to the reporters was to protect American interests and lives”. Attachment 2 (Statement of James E. Cartwright 10/17/2016). This recent explanation for lying to the FBI, that he “did not want to be blamed for the leak,” is inconsistent with his behavior during his interviews with the FBI. If he had engaged in a freelance, unauthorized “save the secrets” exercise with these two reporters, then explaining that to the FBI at the time of his interviews would have been his best argument for why he should not be “blamed for the leak.” An innocent person would have offered the explanation he now offers when the FBI first approached him; indeed, it would have been the first thing an innocent person likely would have said. If the Defendant had, in fact, tried to “save the secrets,” he would have had no reason to lie to the FBI. In two days of interviews with the FBI on November 2 and 5, 2012, the Defendant never once offered this explanation for making the unauthorized disclosures. He never told the FBI either on November 2, 2012, when he lied about his contacts with Sanger and Klaidman and then admitted to the disclosures, nor on November 5, 2012, when he described in greater detail the information he disclosed to them, that he did so to, “talk them out of using classified information that, if published, would do damage to U.S. national security.” Indeed, the topic of “saving the secrets” specifically came up during his first FBI interview. On November 2, 2012, the FBI’s report of the interview states: Cartwright acknowledged that the typical way to handle a matter where a compromise is acknowledged or observed is to report back to the originating 15 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 16 of 26 /victim agency the nature of the compromise so that it can be assessed and investigated through the proper channels. Cartwright did not contact anybody at the Department of Defense or White House following his discussions with Sanger, because he was “unsure of what the Administrations’ thoughts were” on the matter. Attachment 1 to Classified Addendum November 2, 2012 Interview of James Cartwright at 5. Rather than telling the FBI that he “was engaged in a well-known and understood practice of attempting to save national secrets,” as he has recently claimed, he specifically told the FBI he had not engaged in such an exercise. Additionally, while the Defendant asserts he sought to “protect American interests and lives,” he admitted to the FBI in his interview that he did not contact anyone in the United States Government after speaking with David Sanger. If he had learned that Sanger had information that could cost American lives, or otherwise compromise American interests, how could he have not reached out to responsible Government officials? The fact that he did not reveals the truth – this was not a “save the secrets” exercise. To the extent there is, “a well-known and understood practice of attempting to save national secrets,” as the Defendant’s counsel asserted in his statement to the media, it bears no resemblance to what the Defendant now claims he did. Attempts to “save the secrets” are conducted by government officials acting with authorization to do so. They are not conducted by retired government officials who do so without any authorization and without even consulting responsible persons in government. In the trial of United States v. Sterling, former Secretary of State and National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice testified about such an effort. According to the sentencing memorandum filed by the United States in that case: 16 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 17 of 26 [Dr. Rice] testified that on April 30, 2003, she met with representatives of The New York Times at the White House, “for the express purpose of requesting that the newspaper stand down from running an article James Risen had written concerning Classified Program No. 1 . . . .” And so, at the April 30, 2013 White House meeting, Dr. Rice conveyed her deep concerns to representatives from the Times, including Mr. Risen, that any article about Classified Program No. 1 would endanger lives and national security by compromising one of the most important, closely held, and sensitive intelligence operations of her entire tenure as National Security Advisor. Attachment 3 (United States Memorandum in Aid of Sentencing, United States v. Jeffrey Alexander Sterling, No. 1:10c4485 (docket number 464, filed 04/2015)). That episode reflects the “well-known and understood practice of attempting to save national secrets.” Dr. Rice was then serving as National Security Advisor to President George W. Bush. The meeting she convened was held at the White House and was authorized at the highest levels of the United States government. The Defendant, by his own admission, had no authorization to speak to Sanger and Klaidman about classified information. He did so on his own accord, in his office at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, and, worst of all, without ever notifying anyone in the United States Government concerning the information he claims both reporters already had when they came to him. As a former government official, the Defendant’s duty when approached by Sanger was to remain silent and report the unauthorized disclosure to the Department of Defense, which then held the Defendant’s security clearance. On the day he retired, the Defendant signed an agreement, discussed in more detail below, in which he expressly promised to do those two things. The relevant portion of that agreement contains the following language: 3. I understand that it is my responsibility to consult with appropriate management authorities in the department or agency that last authorized my access to SAPI, whether or not I am still employed or associated with that Department of Agency. . . I 17 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 18 of 26 further understand that I am obligated by law and regulation not to disclose any classified information or material in an unauthorized fashion. Statement of Offense at ¶ 8 (emphasis added). For the reasons discussed above, the Defendant’s assertion that he was “saving the secrets” is not credible. The closest the Defendant came to admitting his true motivation when he was interviewed by the FBI was when he told them he got “hooked” on talking to reporters. Attachment 2 to Classified Addendum, November 5, 2012, Interview of James Cartwright, at 10. The United States submits that a more likely motivation than “saving the secrets” was to give information to reporters that provided favorable portrayals of the Defendant in the books and articles they wrote. Government officials funneling information to reporters that portray them in favorable ways is not uncommon. As described in the Classified Addendum, the Defendant was featured prominently and positively in Sanger’s book and article and in Klaidman’s article. 4. Characteristics of the Defendant As the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and prior to that as the Commander of the United States Strategic Command (STRATCOM) from 2004 to 2007, Cartwright signed more than 36 non-disclosure agreements in which he promised to never disclose classified information to persons unauthorized to receive it under any circumstances. Statement of Offense ¶ 6. Cartwright also received annual training on the proper handling and the safeguarding of classified information as Vice Chairman. Id. As the Defendant knew, and as described in the Statement of Offense: Those persons with security clearances granting them access to classified information are prohibited by Title 18, United States Code, Section 793, and 18 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 19 of 26 applicable rules, regulations, and orders, from disclosing classified information to persons not authorized to receive such information. Classified information may only be shared with persons determined by an appropriate United States government official to be eligible for access to classified information, who had signed an approved non-disclosure agreement, and who possessed a need to know. Statement of Offense ¶ 5. In fact, prior to his first meeting with Sanger and his communications with Klaidman, on September 1, 2011, Cartwright executed a Debriefing Acknowledgment on a Special Access Program Indoctrination (SAPI) Agreement. SAPI Agreements are legally binding agreements between an individual being granted, or already in possession, of a security clearance, and the United States Government where the individual agrees to never disclose classified information without first receiving appropriate authorization. Among other things, the SAPI Agreement states: 6. I have been advised that any breach of this agreement may constitute violations of United States criminal laws, including the provisions of Sections 793, 794, 798, and 592, Title 18 United States Code, and of Section 783, Title 50, United States Code. Nothing in this agreement constitutes a waiver by the United States of the right to prosecute me for any statutory violation. Id. at ¶ 8 (emphasis added). The Defendant signed this agreement less than six months before he began making unauthorized disclosures to Sanger and Klaidman. Similarly, on March 2, 2012, after his first meeting with Sanger but before his second, Cartwright signed another “Classified Information Non-Disclosure Agreement.” That Agreement included the following warnings, among others: 1. Intending to be legally bound, I hereby accept the obligations contained in this Agreement in consideration of my being granted access to classified information . . . . I understand and accept that by being granted access to classified information, special confidence and trust shall be placed in me by the United States government. 19 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 20 of 26 3. I have been advised that unauthorized disclosure . . . by me could cause damage or irreparable injury to the United States or could be used to advantage by a foreign nation. 4. . . . . I have been advised that any unauthorized disclosure of classified information by me may constitute a violation or violations of United States criminal laws including, provisions of Sections 641, 793 . . . Id. at ¶ 11 (emphasis added). When Cartwright retired from the United States Marine Corps he maintained a TOP SECRET security clearance. This TOP SECRET security clearance enabled CARTWRIGHT to engage in consulting and private employment for financial gain. See id. at ¶ 9. The Defendant joined the Board of Directors of Raytheon, and, as a result of the fact that he then possessed a TOP SECRET//SCI security clearance, sat on the Special Activities Committee of the Board, which oversees Raytheon’s classified contracts. He served on Raytheon’s Board from 2012 until 2016. As of April 2016, Raytheon valued the total compensation the Defendant had received from his service on the company’s board at $363,950. See Attachment 4 (excerpts of Raytheon Company’s Proxy Statements for 2012-2016). He resigned from the Raytheon Board only five days before he pled guilty. See Attachment 5 (Raytheon Form 8-K). Thus, the Defendant benefited financially from the trust placed in him by the United States while at the same time violating that trust by making unauthorized disclosure of TOP SECRET information. 5. The Need for Deterrence The Defendant’s felony guilty conviction should prevent him from holding a security clearance in the future but the need for general deterrence remains. According to the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, as of October 12, 2012, some 791,200 United States government employees held TOP SECRET security clearances. See Attachment 6 (ODNI 20 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 21 of 26 Report on Security Clearance Determinations January 2013). Every day the holders of these TOP SECRET security clearances are trusted with highly classified information, the unauthorized disclosure of which can put American interests and lives at risk. Monitoring those individuals for unauthorized disclosures is a costly and administratively burdensome process. The Department of Defense alone has spent millions of dollars developing a program over ten years to monitor individual security clearance holders for unauthorized disclosures. See Attachment 7 (“Feds to Scrutinize Security Clearances After Leaks,” TIME Mar. 10, 2014). One indication of the seriousness of unauthorized disclosure as a workforce issue in the U.S. Intelligence Community was an announcement by the Director of National Intelligence in response to the leaks that gave rise to this and another FBI investigation: Director Clapper Announces Steps to Deter and Detect Unauthorized Disclosures Director of National Intelligence James R. Clapper announced today two immediate steps to help protect critical national security information from unauthorized disclosures. To better protect sensitive information, and help deter and detect potential leakers within the Intelligence Community, Clapper is: (1) mandating that a question related to unauthorized disclosure of classified information be added to the counterintelligence polygraph used by all intelligence agencies that administer the examination CIA, DIA, DOE, FBI, NGA, NRO, and NSA). (2) requesting the Intelligence Community Inspector General lead independent investigations of selected unauthorized disclosure cases when prosecution is declined by the Department of Justice. The IC IG will establish and lead a task force of IC inspectors general to conduct independent investigations, pursuant to his statutory authority and in coordination with the Office of the National [C]ounterintelligence Executive. This will ensure that selected unauthorized disclosure cases suitable for administrative investigations are not closed prematurely. “These efforts will reinforce our professional values by sending a strong message that intelligence personnel always have, and always will, hold ourselves to the 21 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 22 of 26 highest standard of professionalism,” said Clapper. “It is my sincere hope that others across the government will follow our lead. It is the right thing to do on behalf of the American people and in the interest of our national security.” “All IC leaders are reinforcing this same message and fully cooperating as we take steps to address this critically important issue, which has profound implications for current and future intelligence capabilities and our nation’s security,” said Clapper. Attachment 8 (ODNI News Release No. 9-12). When an individual is found to have made unauthorized disclosures, particularly one serving in a senior position in government, it is critically important to hold that individual accountable in order to deter others throughout the federal workforce from engaging in such conduct. The Government and the Defendant chose to resolve this case through a guilty plea, rather than a public trial. Each national security case is unique. Each comes with its own intelligence equities and the potential for harm if those equities are exposed in a public trial. As the district court noted at sentencing in the United States v. Kiriakou: I recognize the difficulty the government has in prosecuting these types of cases. They have to balance the potential danger of disclosure of very sensitive information when deciding how to proceed, and in balancing those concerns, they came up with this plea. Kiriakou, Sentencing Transcript at 20-21 (January 25, 2003). Both sides have benefited from this plea. The Defendant avoided indictment and potential conviction on charges of violating 18 U.S.C. § 793(d). The Government avoided the potential damage that further disclosure of classified information at trial might cause. However, individuals who expose our nation’s most highly classified information, like the Defendant, should not receive the most lenient sentences, merely because their cases are the subject of negotiated pleas rather than public trials. 22 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 23 of 26 6. Avoiding Unwarranted Sentencing Disparities Cases involving the unauthorized disclosure of classified information are rare. See United States v. Kim, 808 F. Supp. 2d 44, 55 (D.D.C. 2011) (observing that the “most likely” reasons for a “dearth of prosecutions” under Section 793(d) are the “difficulty in establishing such a violation, combined with the sensitive nature of classified information and the procedures that must be followed in using such information in a trial”). There are only five recent prosecutions of individuals involving the unauthorized disclosure of classified information to which to compare this case. These cases can be arrayed along a spectrum. At one end of the spectrum, in United States v. Petraeus, Cr. No. 3:15, prosecuted in the Western District of North Carolina, the court sentenced the Defendant, on a joint recommendation from the parties, to two years of probation and a $100,000 fine, which exceeded the parties’ recommendation, following a plea to a misdemeanor charge of unauthorized retention and removal of classified information in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1924. At the other end of the spectrum, in United States v. Sachtleben, Cr. No. 13-0200, prosecuted in the Southern District of Indiana, the court sentenced the Defendant to 43 months’ incarceration for unauthorized transmission of national defense information in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 793(d). Both of these cases were the result of guilty pleas by the defendants. A sentence similar to the sentence imposed in Sachtleben was imposed in United States v. Sterling, Cr. No. 10-485, prosecuted in the Eastern District of Virginia. In that case, the court sentenced the defendant to 42 months’ incarceration following a trial and conviction on nine counts including the unauthorized transmission and retention of national defense information, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 793(d) and (e), unlawful conveyance of government property, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 641, and obstruction of justice, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1512(c)(1). In United States v. Kiriakou, Cr. No. 12-127, prosecuted in the Eastern 23 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 24 of 26 District of Virginia, the court imposed a sentence of 30 months’ incarceration following a guilty plea to one count of intentionally disclosing information identifying a covert agent, in violation of 50 U.S.C. § 421(a). In United States v. Kim, prosecuted in this district, the court, pursuant to a Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure Rule 11(c)(1)(C) plea agreement, sentenced the defendant to 13 months’ incarceration following a guilty plea to one count of unauthorized transmission of national defense information, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 793(d). The sentence recommended by the United States in this case, 24 months’ incarceration, lies in the middle of this spectrum of sentences in cases involving the unauthorized disclosure of classified information and making false statements. Two facts distinguish the Defendant’s case from Petraeus’s case, which lies at one extreme. First, the Petraeus case did not involve the disclosure of any classified information to the public. Without authorization, Petraeus had given his biographer – who possessed a security clearance – access to classified information, and he improperly stored classified information at his residence. None of this classified information was included in his biography or made public in any other way. By contrast, the Defendant has admitted to “provid[ing] and confirm[ing] TOP SECRET//SCI information to David Sanger and has acknowledged that Sanger, “included the classified information Cartwright communicated to him in an article that was published in the national newspaper for which he worked and in a book he authored.” Statement of Offense ¶ 10. The Defendant has also admitted to “confirm[ing] TOP SECERET information to Daniel Klaidman and has acknowledged that “Daniel Klaidman included the classified information Cartwright confirmed to him in an article that was published in the news magazine for which he worked.” Statement of Offense ¶ 12. Second, the information that Petraeus disclosed was historical information from his tenure as Commander of the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan from 2010 to 2011. By contrast, the 24 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 25 of 26 information that the Defendant disclosed concerned ongoing classified matters, a fact he acknowledges by arguing that he made disclosures to, “prevent publication of information that might harm American lives or national security.” V. CONCLUSION The Defendant served in the uniformed military for 38 years and became the second highest ranking officer in the United States. He is also the most senior government official to ever plead guilty to a felony in connection with the unauthorized disclosure of classified information. In imposing a sentence, the Court is presented with the task of reconciling both facts. The Defendant’s years of service to the United States should not be disregarded because he engaged in criminal conduct. At the same time, that criminal conduct should not be excused because of his prior service. The United States submits that a sentence of 24 months’ incarceration strikes the appropriate balance between the Defendant’s prior military service and his offense conduct, is and what he did and is sufficient but not greater than necessary to comply with the purposes of sentencing. Respectfully submitted, ROD J. ROSENSTEIN United States Attorney for the District of Maryland Special Attorney to the Attorney General By: Leo J. Wise Assistant United States Attorney Special Attorney to the Attorney General Elizabeth Cannon Trial Attorney National Security Division 25 Case 1:16-cr-00188-RJL Document 15 Filed 01/10/17 Page 26 of 26 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE On this 10th day of January, 2017, a copy of the foregoing was served on counsel of record for the defendant via the Court’s Electronic Filings System. By: Leo J. Wise Assistant United States Attorney Special Attorney to the Attorney General 26 Case Document 15-1 Filed 01/10/17 Page 1 of 2 Attachment 1 Case Document 15-1 Filed 01/10/17 Page 2 of 2 I. SKADDEN, ARPS, SLATE, MEAGHER FLOM LLP 1440 NEW YORK AVENUE. N.W. WASHINGTON, o.c. 20005-2111 BOSTON TEL: (202) 371-7000 CHICAGO . HOUSTON FAX. (202) 393 5760 Los ANGELES NEW YORK DIRECT DIAL PALO ALTO 202-371-7400 WILMINGTON DIRECT FAX 202-661-9100 3:53:35 EMAIL ADDRESS - FRANKFURT HONG KONG LONDON . MOSCOW - MUNICH PARIS PAULO SHANGHAI SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO TORONTO VIENNA Statement from Gregom Craig, attorney for General James CartwrightI USCM net.) General Cartwright has spent his whole life putting the national interest ?rst. That?s why he talked to the reporters in the ?rst place - to protect American interests and lives in a story they had already written. In his conversations with these two reporters, General Cartwright was engaged in a well-known and understood practice of attempting to save national secrets, not disclosing classi?ed information. His effort to prevent publication of information that might harm American lives or national security does not constitute a violation of any law. General Cartwright?s offense was in statements he made to FBI agents investigating a leak - and that is the entire basis for his plea. Contact: Ricki Seidman, rseidman@tsd.biz or Eric London, elondon@tsd.biz - 202-986-0033 Case Document 15-2 Filed 01/10/17 Page 1 of 2 Attachment 2 Case Document 15-2 Filed 01/10/17 Page 2 of 2 1 Statement of General James Cartwright, USMC (Rat) It was wrong for me to mislead the FBI on November 2, 2012, and I accept full responsibility for this. knew I was not the source of the story and I didn't want to be blamed for the leak. My only goal in talking to the reporters was to protect American interests and lives; 1 love my country and continue to this day to do everything I can to defend it. Contact: Ricki Seidman. rseidman@tsd.biz or Eric London. elondon@tsd.biz 202-986-0033 Case Document 15-3 Filed 01/10/17 Page 1 of 5 Attachment 3 Case Document 15-3 Filed 01/10/17 Page 2 of 5 Case Document 464 Filed 04/20/15 Page 1 of 24 PagelD# 4373 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA Alexandria Division UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. No. I:lOcr485 (LMB) JEFFREY ALEXANDER STERLING UNITED MEMORANDUM IN AID OF SENTENCING I was deeply concerned because this was not just a sensitive program, but it was one of the only levers that we believed we had, that the President had, to try to disrupt the Iranian nuclear program. ormer National Security Advisor ondoleezza Rice, Testimony Regarding a Meeting at the White House on April 30, 2003 These are matters of war and peace, and they should be evaluated based on the facts and what is ultimately best for the American people am! for our national security. President Barack Obama, April 2, 2015 On April 2, 20l 5, President Obama took the podium in the Rose Garden of the White House to announce that the United States had arrived at a tentative agreement with Iran over its nuclear program. In his remarks, the President emphasized that he has "no greater responsibility than the security of the American people," and he insisted that he will do whatever is ?necessary to prevent Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapon." Statement by the President on the Framework to Prevent lran??om Obtaining a Nuclear Weapon. Apr. 2. 2015, available at the-press-o flice/20 on (last accessed Apr. l5, 20l5). Iran, he said. has been advancing its nuclear program for decades and our country?s options for preventing Iran from developing nuclear weapons are few. Case Document 15-3 Filed 01/10/17 Page 3 of 5 Case Document 464 Filed 04/20/15 Page 2 of 24 PagelD# 4374 But, the President stated, we must do everything we can to prevent Iran from doing so, to ?make our country, our allies, and our world safer.? Id. The issues at stake, he said ?are bigger than politics.? Id. The President?s recent statements about the Iranian nuclear weapons program echo the trial testimony of Dr. Condoleezza Rice, who, as the National Security Advisor to President George W. Bush, met with representatives of The New York Times at the White House on April 30, 2003, for the express purpose of requesting that the newspaper stand down from running an article James Risen had written concerning Classi?ed Program No. 1., a CIA operation targeting the Iranian nuclear weapons program. Dr. Rice explained at trial that disruption of or even preferably destruction of the Iranian nuclear program was one of the highest priorities of the Bush administration. It had been a high priority before in the Clinton administration. It remains a high priority today for the Obama administration. DE 418 at 50. During the meeting, she told the newspaper?s representatives that ?preventing working nuclear weapons from falling into the hands of rogue states is one of the most important missions that this or any other administration can have.? Id. at 60. Dr. Rice knew to be true in 2003 what President Obama would reiterate twelve years later the United States had and has very few Options for disrupting and undermining the Iranian nuclear weapons program. And so, at the April 30, 2003 White House meeting, Dr. Rice conveyed her deep concerns to representatives from the Times, including Mr. Risen, that any article about Classi?ed Program No. 1 would endanger lives and national security by compromising one of the most important, closely held, and sensitive intelligence operations of her entire tenure as National Security Advisor. The trial in this case proved beyond a reasonableddoubt that the defendant, Jeffrey Sterling, motivated by pure vindictiveness, is the reason Mr. Risen wrote an article about Classi?ed 2 b. Case Document 15-3 Filed 01/10/17 Page 4 of 5 Case Document 464 Filed 04/20/15 Page 3 of 24 PageID# 4375 Program No. and, in turn. the reason why Dr. Rice took the then-unprecedented step of convening a meeting at the White House to request that a national newspaper not run a story. Of course. the trial also established that the defendant and Mr. Risen were not deterred by the Times? decision in 2003 to heed Dr. Rice?s warnings concerning the compromise ofClassified Program No. l; the two men continued to communicate for the better part of two-and-a-half years until the publication oer. Risen?s book State of War in December 2005, which contained the same account ofthe program he sought to publish in 2003. After a two-week trial. the defendant now stands convicted of all ofthe charges submitted to thejury. including seven counts of unlawful disclosure and retention of national defense infonnation under l8 U.S.C. 793(d) and (Counts One Seven), one count of unauthorized conveyance of government property under l8 U.S.C. 641 (Count Nine), and one count of obstruction ofjustice under l8 U.S.C. 15 (Count Ten). The evidence at trial established conclusively that Classi?ed Program No. 1 was no ordinary intelligence program. Nor was it a ?rogue? operation, as characterized by the defendant and Mr. Risen. On the contrary, the program was meticulously conceived and developed over a period of many years by the CIA, in consultation with this country?s foremost nuclear experts, including a team led by Walt C. at a national laboratory. it was reviewed, vetted, and approved by high?level officials in the United States government, and used not only against Iran but other countries as well. Evidence at trial established that at all times, the program, which depended on the assistance of not one, but two, sensitive Russian assets, was one of the government?s most closely held operations. Moreover, during his time as a case of?cer assigned to the program, the Case Document 15-3 Filed 01/10/17 Page 5 of 5 Case Document 464 Filed 04/20/15 Page 4 of 24 Page|D# 4376 defendant was tasked with the most important responsibility of any intelligence of?cer: the handling of a human asset, Merlin. The defendant has now had his day in court, the truth about Classi?ed Program No. and Merlin has been laid bare in a public forum, and ajury of the defendant?s peers has rendered a resounding and considered verdict, ?nding beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant made a calculated, deliberate, and willful decision to sabotage a critical counterproliferation program out of sheer spite, in violation of his sworn duty as a former CIA case of?cer and in violation of this country?s criminal law. The defendant?s actions resulted in substantial damage to national security and placed in harm?s way two human assets, their families, and those who worked with them. When he disclosed facts about Classi?ed Program No. and distorted them to maximize the damage to the CIA, an entity he had grown to despise - he did so out of sel?shness, not love of his country. Those facts could not be clearer from the evidence presented at trial. As such, the defendant deserves to be sentenced to a signi?cant and term of imprisonment. I. The Applicable Guidelines Range Is Correctly Calculated at 235 to 293 Months. As this Court is aware, after United States v. Booker, 543 US. 220 (2005), the district court must engage in a multi-step process in sentencing a defendant. First, the district court must correctly determine, after making appropriate ?ndings of fact, the applicable guideline range. United States v. Moreland, 437 F.3d 424, 432 (4th Cir. 2006); United States v. Hughes, 40] F.3d 540, 546 (4th Cir. 2005). In doing so, the Court must make factual ?ndings, supported by a preponderance of the evidence, to substantiate any pertinent guidelines enhancements. See United States v. Harvey, 532 F.3d 326, 337 (4th Cir. 2008); United States v. Quinn, 359 .3d 666, 680 (4th Cir. 2004). ?Next, the court must ?determine whether a sentence within that range serves Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 1 of 19 Attachment 4 Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 2 of 19 naylheon April 26, 2013 Dear Raytheon Shareholder, I am pleased to invite you to attend Raytheon's 2013 Annual Meeting of Shareholders on Thursday, May 30, 2013. The meeting will be held at 11:00 am. Eastern Time at The Ritz-Carlton, Pentagon City, 1250 South Hayes Street, Arlington, Virginia 22202. For your convenience, we are pleased to offer a live webcast (audio only) of the meeting at This booklet includes a formal notice of the meeting and the proxy statement. It also provides information on, among other things, Raytheon's corporate governance, the Company's executive compensation program, and the matters to be voted on at the meeting. The proxy statement re?ects Raytheon's commitment to strong governance processes, including independent and active Board oversight, shareholder accountability and access, transparent disclosure, and compliance with complex and changing regulatory responsibilities. The Raytheon Board of Directors has set a clear ?tone at the top? with their steadfast focus on sound and progressive governance. This is illustrated in the array of governance measures we have adopted such as majority and annual election of directors, a robust Lead Director role, contemporary stock ownership guidelines, a clawback policy, website disclosure on political activities and a statement on human rights. Additionally, our compensation program aims to promote a strong alignment between pay and performance and the interests of our executives with our shareholders, while enabling the Company to attract and retain the highly quali?ed talent needed to compete in an increasingly challenging market environment. The Board recently amended the Management and Development Compensation Committee's charter and policy with respect to compensation adviser independence in anticipation of upcoming New York Stock Exchange requirements, building on a formal compensation consultant independence policy ?rst established in 2009, well in advance of applicable regulatory requirements. In the last several years, the Company has built upon its strong governance platform in signi?cant respects. We have promoted shareholder access and communication through adoption of a measure permitting shareholders holding 25% or more of our stock to call a special meeting and a concerted outreach effort outside of the proxy season resulting in dialogue on governance and compensation matters in 2012 with shareholders representing over 35% of the Company's outstanding shares. We have also brought greater focus to our risk management and oversight processes through which top risks and associated mitigation plans are actively managed by senior management and closely monitored by the Board. We encourage you to learn more about these initiatives and all of our governance practices by reading the proxy statement and visiting our website at I look forward to sharing information with you about Raytheon at the Annual Meeting. Whether or not you plan to attend, I encourage you to vote your proxy as soon as possible so that your shares will be represented at the meeting. Thank you. Sincerely, WILLIAM H. SWANSON Chairman and Chief Executive Of?cer Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 3 of 19 DIRECTOR COMPENSATION Set forth below is information regarding the compensation of our non-employee directors for 2012. Change in Pension Value and Fees Nonquali?ed Earned Non-Equity Deferred or Stock 2 Option Incentive Plan Compensation All Other Paid'in Awards? Awards Compensation Earnings Compensation Total Diem Cash? (S) (S) (S) (3) (3) James E. Cartwright 124,000 180,013 304,013 Vernon E. Clark 137,000 120,013 5,000 262,013 John M. Deutch 116,500 120,013 236,513 Stephen J. Hadley 128,500 120,013 248,513 Frederic M. Poses 129,500 120,013 5,000 254,513 Michael c. Ruettgers 127,000 170,937 - 297,987 Ronald L. Skates 148,500 120,013 5,000 273,513 William R. Spivey 129,500 120,013 249,513 Linda 0. Stuntz 131,000 120,013 5,000 256,013 (1) Cash amounts consist of the following: Annual Committee Annual Chair or Board Lead Director Cash Cash Meeting Retainer Retainer Fees Director Roles (3) (S) Mr. Cartwright. Director 85,000 39,000 Mr. Clark Chair, Special Activities Committee 85,000 10,000 42,000 Mr. Deutch. Director 85,000 31,500 Mr. Hadley Director 85,000 43,500 Mr. Poses Chair, MDCC 85,000 10,000 34,500 Mr. Lead Director 85,000 24,000 18,000 Mr. Skates Chair, Audit Committee 85,000 20,000 43,500 Mr. Spivey Chair, Public Affairs Committee 85,000 10,000 34,500 Ms. Stuntz Chair, Governance and Nominating Committee 85,000 10,000 36,000 Includes a $1,500 meeting fee for a November 2011 Special Activities Committee meeting paid in 2012. (2) These amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of awards of restricted stock paid as the annual stock retainer in accordance with the accounting standard for share-based payments. The grant date fair value of the restricted stock awards is based on the stock price on the date of grant and the number of shares (or the intrinsic value method). For more information on the assumptions used by us in calculating the grant date fair values for restricted stock awards, see Note 13: Stock-based Compensation Plans to our ?nancial statements in our Annual Report on Form for the year ended December 31, 2012 (2012 Form Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 4 of 19 The aggregate number of shares of unvested restricted stock held by each director as of December 31, 2012 were as follows: Restricted Stock Director Mr. Cartwright 2,385 Mr. Clark 2,385 Mr. Deutch 2,385 Mr. Hadley 2,385 Mr. Poses 2,385 Mr. Ruettgers 3,398 Mr. Skates 2,385 Mr. Spivey 2,385 Ms. Stuntz 2,385 The following table shows the shares of restricted stock awarded to each director during 2012 and the aggregate grant date fair value for each award. All Stock Awards: Number Grant of Shares of Stock Full Grant Date Director Date or Units(#) Value of Award($) Mr. Cartwright 1/25/2012 1,207 60,000 5/3 1/2012 2,3 85 120,013 Mr. Clark 5/3 1/2012 2,385 120,013 Mr. Deutch 5/3 l/2012 2,3 85 120,013 Mr. Hadley 5/31/2012 2,385 120,013 Mr. Poses 5/31/2012 2,385 120,013 Mr. Ruettgers 5131/2012 3,398 170,987 Mr. Skates 5/31/2012 2,3 85 120,013 Mr. Spivey 5/31/2012 2,385 120,013 Ms. Stuntz 5/31/2012 2,385 120,013 (3) Upon election to the Board in January 25, 2012, Mr. Cartwright was granted 1,207 shares of restricted stock which represented his pro-rated portion of the 2011 - 2012 annual stock retainer. Such restricted shares vested on May 31, 2012, the date of the 2012 Annual Meeting. (4) This amount represents Mr. Ruettger's annual stock retainer in his capacity as the Lead Director. For a further discussion, please see "Director Compensation - Elements of Director Compensation - Equity Awards" below. (5) Represents Raytheon contributions under our matching gift and charitable awards program, which is available to all employees and directors. Elements of Director Compensation The principal features of the compensation received by our Annual Cash Retainers 2012 non-employee directors for 2012 are described below. Board of Directors $85,000 Lead Director $24,000 Annual Retainers. Of our non-employee directors are Governance and Nominating Committee Chair $10,000 paid an annual cash retainer and an annual stock retainer (as Audit Committee Chair $20,000 further discussed below) for service on the Board. The Lead Management Development and Compensation Director and each of the committee chairs are also paid an Committee Chair $10,000 additional annual cash retainer for their service in such roles. Public Affairs Committee Chair $10,000 Directors may elect to receive their annual retainers in shares of Special Activities Committee Chair $10,000 our common stock in lieu of cash. We pay the cash retainers quarterly and the stock retainer, including stock in lieu of cash, Meeting Fees. Our non-employee directors receive a annually. The Governance and Nominating Committee and the $1,500 meeting fee for each Board or committee meeting Board review non-employee director compensation annually. attended in person or held by teleconference. Non-employee directors who are not members of the Audit Committee are invited each year to attend the February Audit Committee meeting, for review of the draft Annual Report on Form 10-K, and receive a meeting fee for such attendance. 16 Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 5 of 19 Equity Awards. Each non-employee director receives an annual stock retainer in the form of a grant of restricted stock under the Raytheon 2010 Stock Plan (2010 Stock Plan) which is entitled to full dividend and voting rights. Unless otherwise provided by the Board, the restricted stock vests (becomes non- forfeitable) on the date of the annual meeting of shareholders in the calendar year following the year of grant, or upon the earlier occurrence of the director's termination as a director after a change-in-control of Raytheon or the director's death. Upon a director's termination of service on the Board for any other reason, his or her unvested restricted stock award will be forfeited to Raytheon. Regardless of the vesting date, the shares will remain subject to transfer restriction for at least six months a?er the grant date. In 2012, each non-employee director was awarded $120,000 of restricted stock, except for Mr. Ruettgers and Mr. Cartwright. Mr. Ruettgers was awarded $171,000 of restricted stock in his capacity as the Lead Director. In addition to the $120,000 of restricted stock awarded to each non- employee director on May 31, 2012, Mr. Cartwright was awarded $60,000 of restricted stock, his pro-rata portion of the 2011 - 2012 annual stock retainer, upon his election to the Board on January 25, 2012. An assessment by of 201 1 data showed that total direct compensation (the sum of the annual retainer, committee fees, meeting fees and the annual equity award) for our non- employee directors was approximately 5% below the 50'h percentile relative to the Company's core and broader peer groups. For more information on the Company's core and broader peer groups, see the section entitled ?Compensation Discussion and Analysis - How We Determine and Assess Executive Compensation - Market Data? beginning on page 31. Bene?ts. We reimburse our non-employee directors for actual expenses incurred in the performance of their service as directors, including attendance at director education programs sponsored by educational and other institutions. We also maintain a business travel accident insurance policy which provides non-employee directors with up to $1,000,000 of coverage per incident when traveling on Raytheon business. In addition, all directors are eligible to participate in our matching gift and charitable awards program available to all employees. We match eligible gifts up to $5,000 per donor per calendar year. Pursuant to our Deferred Compensation Plan, directors may defer receipt of their cash retainers and/or meeting fees until retirement from the Board. Directors also may elect to receive their cash retainers in shares of our common stock, which can be received currently but cannot be deferred. Director Stock Ownership and Retention Guidelines As stated in our Governance Principles, the Board believes that directors should be shareholders and have a ?nancial stake in the Company. Accordingly, independent directors are paid a substantial portion of their compensation in equity awards. Further, each director is expected to own shares of our common 17 stock with a market value of at least four times the cash component of a non-employee director?s annual retainer for service on the Board, with ?ve years to achieve the target ownership threshold. In 2011, the Governance Principles were amended to change this threshold ?'om a previous requirement to own two times the aggregate stock and cash retainer amounts. The Governance Principles also provide that a director may not dispose of Company stock until attaining the requisite ownership threshold and thereafter must maintain such equity ownership level. Policy Against Hedging with Respect to Company Stock To assure alignment with the long-term interests of our other shareholders, under the Company's Insider Trading Policy, directors, officers and employees cannot engage in short sales of Company stock or transactions in any derivative of a Company security, including, but not limited to, puts, calls and options (other than the receipt and exercise of options that might be granted by the Company pursuant to a Company compensation plan). Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 6 of 19 Raytheon April 25, 2014 Dear Raytheon Shareholder, I am pleased to invite you to attend Raytheon's 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders on Thursday, May 29, 2014. The meeting will be held at 11:00 am. Eastern Time at The Ritz?Carlton, Pentagon City, 1250 South Hayes Street, Arlington, Virginia 22202. For your convenience, we are pleased to offer a live webcast (audio only) of the meeting at This booklet includes a formal notice of the meeting and the proxy statement. It also provides information on, among other things, Raytheon's corporate governance, the Company's executive compensation program, and the matters to be voted on at the meeting. As re?ected in the proxy statement, Raytheon?s approach to corporate governance is guided by fundamental principles of integrity, accountability, transparency and engagement and driven by a culture of continuous improvement. Raytheon?s Board of Directors has demonstrated a sustained commitment to progressive and responsible governance practices. Evidence of this commitment is found in a number of measures implemented by the Board over time, including majority voting and annual election of directors, a robust Lead Director role, contemporary stock ownership guidelines, a compensation clawback policy, a formal compensation consultant independence policy instituted long before current regulatory requirements, website disclosure on political activities and the inclusion of a statement on human rights in our Code of Conduct. Our executive compensation program is based on the Company?s long-standing pay-for-performance philosophy and is designed to meaningfully incentivize our executives to achieve our overall business objectives and align their interests with those of our shareholders. The Company has continued to build upon its strong governance platform in several signi?cant respects. As detailed in the proxy statement, in order to promote shareholder access, the Board has voted to submit a proposal to shareholders at the upcoming 2014 Annual Meeting to amend the Company's Certi?cate of Incorporation to allow shareholders to take action by written consent, subject to reasonable procedural safeguards. We have previously promoted shareholder access and communication through adoption of a measure permitting shareholders holding 25% or more of our stock to call a special meeting. We also have continued our concerted efforts to engage with our shareholders, which in 2013 resulted in dialogue on governance and compensation matters outside of the proxy season with shareholders representing over 47% of the Company's outstanding shares. We encourage you to learn more about these efforts and our governance practices by reading the proxy statement and visiting our website at I look forward to sharing information with you about Raytheon at the Annual Meeting. Whether or not you plan to attend, I encourage you to vote your proxy as soon as possible so that your shares will be represented at the meeting. Thank you. Sincerely, WILLIAM H. SWANSON Chairman Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 7 of 19 DIRECTOR COMPENSATION Set forth below is information regarding the compensation of our non-employee directors for 2013. Change in Pension Value Fees and Earned Nonquali?ed or Non-Equity Deferred Paid ip Stock Option Incentive Plan Compensation All Other Cash? Awards?) Awards Compensation Earnings Compensation Total (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (8) James E. Cartwright $125,500 119,982 8 245,482 Vernon 13. Clark 140,000 171,018 10,000 321,018 John M. Deutch? 54,500 54,500 Stephen 1. Hadley 133,500 1 19,982 253,482 George R. Oliver" 3,000 60,021 10,000 73,021 Frederic M. Poses" 64,000 5,000 69,000 Michael c. 124,000 119,982 10,000 253,982 Ronald L. Skates 145,500 119,982 10,000 275,482 William R. Spivey 125,000 119,982 244,982 Linda 0. Stuntz 131,000 119,982 5,000 255,982 John M. Deutch and Frederic M. Poses retired from the Board effective May 30, 2013. George R. Oliver was elected to the Board in November 2013. Upon such election he was granted 702 shares of restricted stock and began to receive meeting and retainer fees applicable to all directors. (1) Detailed information on cash amounts is set forth below under the heading, "Cash Amounts". (2) Detailed information on stock award amounts is set forth below under the heading, "Stock Awards". (3) This amount represents Mr. Clark's annual stock retainer in his capacity as the Lead Director. (4) Represents Raytheon contributions under our matching gift and charitable awards program, which is available to all employees and directors. (5) Upon election to the Board on November 20, 2013, Mr. Oliver was granted 702 shares of restricted stock which represented his pro-rated portion of the 2013 - 2014 annual stock retainer. Such restricted shares will vest on May 29, 2014, the date of the 2014 Annual Meeting. Cash Amounts Cash amounts consist of the following: Annual Committee Annual Chair or Board Lead Director . Cash Cash Meetmg Retainer Retainer Fees Director Roles (S) (S) Mr. Cartwright. Director 85,000 40,500 Mr. Clark Chair, Special Activities Committee and Lead Director?) 85,000 22,000 33,000 Mr. Deutch Director 42,500 12,000 Mr. Hadley Chair, Public Affairs Committee 85,000 5,000 43,500 Mr. Oliver Director 3,000 Mr. Poses Chair, MDCC 42,500 5,000 16,500 Mr. Director 85,000 12,000 27,000 Mr. Skates Chair, Audit Committee 85,000 20,000 40,500 Mr. Spivey Chair, MDCC 85,000 10,000 30,000 Ms. Stuntz Chair, Governance and Nominating Committee 85,000 10,000 36,000 Mr. Clark was appointed Lead Director effective May 30, 2013. Messrs. Deutch and Poses retired from the Board effective May 30, 2013. Mr. Hadley was appointed Chair, Public Affairs Committee effective May 30, 2013. Mr. Ruettgers served as Lead Director until May 30, 2013. Mr. Spivey served as Chair, Public Affairs Committee until May 30, 2013. He was appointed Chair, MDCC effective May 30, 2013. 16 Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 8 of 19 Stock Awards Stock Award amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of awards of restricted stock paid as the annual stock retainer in accordance with the accounting standard for shareobased payments. The grant date fair value of the restricted stock awards is based on the stock price on the date of grant and the number of shares (or the intrinsic value method). For more information on the assumptions used by us in calculating the grant date fair values for restricted stock awards, see Note 12: Stock-based Compensation Plans to our ?nancial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013. The aggregate number of shares of unvested restricted stock held by each director as of December 31, 2013 were as follows: Director Mr. Cartwright Mr. Clark Mr. Deutch. Mr. Hadley Mr. Oliver Restricted Stock Mr. Ruettgers . Mr. Skates Mr. Spivey .. Mr. Poses Ms. Stuntz 1,782 2,540 1,782 702 1,782 1,782 1,782 1,782 The following table shows the shares of restricted stock awarded to each director during 2013 and the aggregate grant date fair value for each award. All Stock Awards: Number Grant of Shares of Stock Full Grant Date Date or Units(#) Value of Award($) Mr. Cartwright 5/30/2013 1,782 1 19,982 Mr. Clark 5/30/2013 2,540 171,018 Mr. Deutch Mr. Hadley 5/30/2013 1,782 1 19,982 Mr. Oliver 1 1/20/2013 702 60,021 Mr. Poses Mr. Ruettgers 5/30/2013 1,782 1 19,982 Mr. Skates 5/30/2013 1,782 119,982 Mr. Spivey .. 5/30/2013 1,782 1 19,982 Ms. Stuntz 5/30/2013 1,782 1 19,982 Elements of Director Compensation The principal features of the compensation received by our WM 2013 non-employee directors for 2013 are described below. Board of Directors $85,000 Lead Director $24,000 Annual Retainers. Of our non-employee directors are Governance and Nominating Committee Chair $10,000 paid an annual cash retainer and an annual stock retainer (as Audit Committee Chair $20,000 further discussed belOW) for on the Board. 1116 Lead Management Development and Compensation Director and each of the committee chairs are also paid an Committee Chair $10,000 additional annual cash retainer for their service in such roles. Public Affairs Committee Chair $10,000 Directors may elect to receive their annual retainers in shares of Special Activities Committee Chair $10,000 our common stock in lieu of cash. We pay the cash retainers quarterly and the stock retainer, including stock in lieu of cash, Meeting Fees. Our non?employee directors receive a annually. The Governance and Nominating Committee and the $1,500 meeting fee for each Board or committee meeting Board review non-employee director compensation annually. attended in person or held by teleconference. Non-employee directors who are not members of the Audit Committee are invited each year to attend the February Audit Committee meeting, for review of the draft Annual Report on Form 10-K, and receive a meeting fee for such attendance. Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 9 of 19 Equity Awards. Each non-employee director receives an annual stock retainer in the form of a grant of restricted stock under the Raytheon 2010 Stock Plan (2010 Stock Plan) which is entitled to full dividend and voting rights. Unless otherwise provided by the Board, the restricted stock vests (becomes non- forfeitable) on the date of the annual meeting of shareholders in the calendar year following the year of grant, or upon the earlier occurrence of the director's termination as a director a?er a change-in-control of Raytheon or the director's death. Upon a director's termination of service on the Board for any other reason, his or her unvested restricted stock award will be forfeited to Raytheon. Regardless of the vesting date, the shares will remain subject to transfer restriction for at least six months after the grant date. In 2013, each non-employee director was awarded $120,000 of restricted stock, except for Mr. Clark and Mr. Oliver. Mr. Clark was awarded $171,000 of restricted stock in his capacity as the Lead Director. Mr. Oliver was awarded $60,000 of restricted stock, his pro-rata portion of the 2013 - 2014 annual stock retainer, upon his election to the Board on November 20, 2013. An assessment by of 2012 data showed that total direct compensation (the sum of the annual retainer, committee fees, meeting fees and the annual equity award) for our non- employee directors is close to the 50th percentile relative to the Company's core and broader peer groups. For more information on the Company's core and broader peer groups, see the section entitled ?Compensation Discussion and Analysis - How We Determine and Assess Executive Compensation Market Data? beginning on page 33. Bene?ts. We reimburse our non-employee directors for actual expenses incurred in the performance of their service as directors, including attendance at director education programs sponsored by educational and other institutions. We also maintain a business travel accident insurance policy which provides non-employee directors with up to $1,000,000 of coverage per incident when traveling on Raytheon business. In addition, all directors are eligible to participate in our matching gift and charitable awards program available to all employees. We match eligible gi?s up to $10,000 per donor per calendar year. Pursuant to our Deferred Compensation Plan, directors may defer receipt of their cash retainers and/or meeting fees until retirement from the Board. Directors also may elect to receive their cash retainers in shares of our common stock, which can be received currently but cannot be deferred. Director Stock Ownership and Retention Guidelines As stated in our Governance Principles, the Board believes that directors should be shareholders and have a ?nancial stake in the Company. Accordingly, independent directors are paid a substantial portion of their compensation in equity awards. Further, each director is expected to own shares of our common 18 stock with a market value of at least four times the cash component of a non-employee director's annual retainer for service on the Board, with ?ve years to achieve the target ownership threshold. In 2011, the Governance Principles were amended to change this threshold from a previous requirement to own two times the aggregate stock and cash retainer amounts. The Governance Principles also provide that a director may not dispose of Company stock until attaining the requisite ownership threshold and thereafter must maintain such equity ownership level. Policy Against Hedging with Respect to Company Stock To assure alignment with the long-term interests of our other shareholders, under the Company?s Insider Trading Policy, directors, of?cers and employees may not engage in short sales of Company stock or transactions in any derivative of a Company security, including, but not limited to, puts, calls and options (other than the receipt and exercise of options that might be granted by the Company pursuant to a Company compensation plan), nor in any type of hedging or similar monetization transaction that would permit the holder to own Company securities without the full risks and rewards of ownership. Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 10 of 19 Raytheon April 24, 2015 Dear Raytheon Shareholder, I am pleased to invite you to attend Raytheon?s 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders on Thursday, May 28, 2015. The meeting will be held at 11:00 am. Eastern Time at The Ritz-Carlton, Pentagon City, 1250 South Hayes Street, Arlington, Virginia 22202. For your convenience, we are pleased to offer a live webcast (audio only) of the meeting at This booklet includes a formal notice of the meeting and the proxy statement. It also provides information on, among other things, Raytheon?s corporate governance, the Company?s executive compensation program, and the matters to be voted on at the meeting. As re?ected in the proxy statement, Raytheon?s approach to corporate governance is guided by fundamental principles of integrity, accountability, transparency and engagement, and driven by a culture of continuous improvement. Raytheon is committed to maintaining sound governance practices. Our Board, comprised entirely of independent directors other than the Chairman and CEO, actively reviews and considers governance issues facilitated by our Governance and Nominating Committee. For a number of years, we have had annual elections with majority voting for directors, a clearly de?ned and empowered Lead Director role, regularly scheduled executive sessions of our outside directors, no poison pill, a clawback policy, limits on the number of public company boards on which a director may serve, and robust stock ownership requirements applicable to directors and executives. The Board?s Management Development and Compensation Committee (MDCC) has established a rigorous, transparent, performance-based compensation program aimed at promoting a strong alignment between the interests of our executives and shareholders. In pursuing its pay-for-performance approach, the MDCC implemented a formal compensation consultant independence policy in 2009, years in advance of the New York Stock Exchange?s adviser independence rules. We have actively engaged with shareholders on governance and executive compensation matters for a number of years. Shareholder input garnered from these efforts has been considered periodically by the Governance and Nominating Committee, the MDCC and the full Board, and been instrumental in their ongoing consideration of the Company?s governance profile and executive compensation program. In recent years, we have implemented a special meeting measure, added new website disclosure on political contributions and lobbying activities, adopted a statement on human rights and adjusted the metrics used for our incentive compensation program to improve pay-for-performance alignment. In 2014, based on shareholder input, the Board proposed, and shareholders approved, an amendment to the Company?s charter to provide shareholders with the right to act by written consent subject to certain procedural safeguards. During 2014, we continued to engage in a dialogue with many of our shareholders to solicit their input on a range of topics related to governance and executive compensation, with outcomes reported to our directors. Our outreach efforts in 2014 resulted in discussions outside of proxy season with representatives of institutional shareholders that in the aggregate owned more than 40% of the Company?s outstanding shares. I look forward to sharing information with you about Raytheon at the Annual Meeting. Whether or not you plan to attend, I encourage you to vote your proxy as soon as possible so that your shares will be represented at the meeting. Thank you. Sincerely, Drive/aw THOMAS A. KENNEDY Chairman and Chief Executive Of?cer Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 11 of 19 DIRECTOR COMPENSATION Set forth below is information regarding the compensation of our non-employee directors for 2014. Change in Pension Value and Fees Nonqualified Earned or Non-Equity Deferred Paid in Stock Option Incentive Plan Compensation All Other Cash?) Awards?) Awards Compensation Earnings Compensation Total ?lm: (3) (3) (3) Tracy A. Atkinson* 57,000 $140,003?) $197,003 James E. Cartwright 138,500 140,025 278,525 Vernon E. Clark 151,500 191,031?) 10,0005) 352,531 Stephen J. Hadley 150,000 140,025 290,025 George R. Oliver 131,000 140,025 271,025 Michael C. Ruettgers 125,000 140,025 10,0005) 275 ,025 Ronald L. Skates 160,000 140,025 10,0005) 310,025 William R. Spivey 135,000 140,025 275,025 Linda G. Stuntz 139,500 140,025 10,0005) 289,525 Tracy A. Atkinson was elected to the Board in July 2014. Upon such election, she was granted 1,468 shares of restricted stock and began to receive meeting and retainer fees applicable to all directors. (1) Detailed information on cash amounts is set forth below under the heading, ?Cash Amounts.? (2) Detailed information on stock award amounts is set forth below under the heading, ?Stock Awards.? (3) Upon election to the Board on July 23, 2014, Ms. Atkinson was granted 1,468 shares of restricted stock which represented her 2014 2015 annual stock retainer. Such restricted shares will vest on May 28, 2015, the date of the 2015 Annual Meeting. (4) This amount includes Mr. Clark?s annual stock retainer of $51,000 for serving in the capacity of Lead Director. (5) Represents Raytheon contributions under our matching gift and charitable awards program, which is available to all employees and directors. Cash Amounts Cash amounts consist of the following: Annual Committee Annual Chair or Board Lead Director Cash Cash Meeting Retainer Retainer Fees Roles (S) (3) (S) Ms. Atkinson Director $45,000 $12,000 Mr. Cartwright Director 87,500 51,000 Mr. Clark Chair, Special Activities Committee and Lead Director 87,500 34,000 30,000 Mr. Hadley Chair, Public Affairs Committee 87,500 10,000 52,500 Mr. Oliver Director 87,500 43,500 Mr. Ruettgers Director 87,500 37,500 Mr. Skates Chair, Audit Committee 87,500 20,000 52,500 Mr. Spivey Chair, MDCC 87,500 10,000 37,500 Ms. Stuntz Chair, Governance and Nominating Committee 87,500 10,000 42,000 16 Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 12 of 19 tack Awards Stock Award amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of awards of restricted stock paid as the annual stock retainer in accordance with the accounting standard for share-based payments. The grant date fair value of the restricted stock awards is based on the stock price on the date of grant and the number of shares (or the intrinsic value method). For more information on the assumptions used by us in calculating the grant date fair values for restricted stock awards, see Note 12: Stock-based Compensation Plans to our ?nancial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. The aggregate number of shares of unvested restricted stock held by each director as of December 31, 2014 was as follows: Restricted Ms. Atkinson 1,468 Mr. Cartwright 1,444 Mr. Clark 1,970 Mr. Hadley 1,444 Mr. Oliver 1,444 Mr. Ruettgers 1,444 Mr. Skates 1,444 Mr. pivey 1,444 Ms. Stuntz 1,444 The following table shows the shares of restricted stock awarded to each director during 2014 and the aggregate grant date fair value for each award. All Stock Awards: Number Grant of Shares of Stock Full Grant Date Director Date or Units(#) Value of Award($) Ms. Atkinson 7/23/2014 1,468 $140,003 Mr. Cartwright 5/29/2014 1,444 140,025 Mr. Clark 5/29/2014 1,970 191,031 Mr. Hadley 5/29/2014 1,444 140,025 Mr. Oliver 5/29/2014 1,444 140,025 Mr. Ruettgers 5/29/2014 1 ,444 140,025 Mr. Skates 5/29/2014 1,444 140,025 Mr. Spivey 5/29/2014 1,444 140,025 Ms. Stuntz 5/29/2014 1,444 140,025 17 Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 13 of 19 Determination and Assessment of Director Compensation The Governance and Nominating Committee annually reviews non-employee director compensation with the aid of an assessment provided by and makes cash and equity compensation determinations subject to the concurrence of the Board. The assessment takes into account the director compensation practices of the same peer group used as a frame of reference in assessing executive compensation, as well as the broader market. Elements of Director Compensation The principal features of the compensation received by our non-employee directors for 2014 are described below. Annual Retainers. All of our non-employee directors are paid an annual cash retainer and an annual stock retainer (as further discussed below) for service on the Board. The Lead Director and each of the committee chairs are also paid an additional annual cash retainer for their service in such roles. Directors may elect to receive their annual retainers in shares of our common stock in lieu of cash. We pay the cash retainers quarterly and the stock retainer, including stock in lieu of cash, annually. 20? Board of Directors* $90,000 Lead Director $24,000 Governance and Nominating Committee Chair $10,000 Audit Committee Chair $20,000 Management Development and Compensation Committee Chair $10,000 Public Affairs Committee Chair $10,000 Special Activities Committee Chair $10,000 Effective July 1, 2014, the Board increased the Annual Cash Retainer for each non-employee director to $90,000 from $85,000. Meeting Fees. Our non-employee directors receive a $1,500 meeting fee for each Board or committee meeting attended in person or held by teleconference. Non- employee directors who are not members of the Audit Committee are invited each year to attend the February Audit Committee meeting, for review of the draft Annual Report on Form and receive a meeting fee for such attendance. Equity Awards. Each non-employee director receives an annual stock retainer in the form of a grant of restricted stock under the Raytheon 2010 Stock Plan (2010 Stock Plan) which is entitled to full dividend and voting rights. Unless otherwise provided by the Board, the 18 restricted stock vests (becomes non-forfeitable) on the date of the annual meeting of shareholders in the calendar year following the year of grant, or upon the earlier occurrence of the director?s termination as a director after a change-in- control of Raytheon or the director?s death. Upon a director?s termination of service on the Board for any other reason, his or her unvested restricted stock award will be forfeited to Raytheon. Regardless of the vesting date, the shares will remain subject to transfer restriction for at least six months after the grant date. In 2014, each non- employee director, other than the Lead Director, was awarded $140,000 of restricted stock, an increase of $20,000 from the prior year. Mr. Clark was awarded $191,000 of restricted stock in his capacity as the Lead Director, which also represented an increase of $20,000 from the prior year. An assessment by showed that total direct compensation (the sum of the annual retainer, committee fees, meeting fees and the annual equity award) for our non-employee directors in 2013. before the 2014 increases in the annual cash retainer and annual stock retainer noted above, approximated the 25?h percentile relative to the Company?s core and broader peer groups. For more information on the Company?s core and broader peer groups, see the section entitled ?Compensation Discussion and Analysis How We Determine and Assess Executive Compensation - Market Data? beginning on page 32. Bene?ts. We reimburse our non-employee directors for actual expenses incurred in the performance of their service as directors, including attendance at director education programs sponsored by educational and other institutions. We also maintain a business travel accident insurance policy which provides non-employee directors with up to $1,000,000 of coverage per incident when traveling on Raytheon business. In addition, all directors are eligible to participate in our matching gift and charitable awards program available to all employees. We match eligible gifts up to $10,000 per donor per calendar year. Pursuant to our Deferred Compensation Plan, directors may defer receipt of their cash retainers and/or meeting fees until retirement from the Board. Directors also may elect to receive their cash retainers in shares of our common stock, which can be received currently but cannot be deferred. Director Stock Ownership and Retention Guidelines As stated in our Governance Principles, the Board believes that directors should be shareholders and have a ?nancial stake in the Company. Accordingly, independent directors are paid a substantial portion of their compensation in equity awards. Further, each director is Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 expected to own shares of our common stock with a market value of at least four times the cash component of a non- employee director?s annual retainer for service on the Board, with ?ve years to achieve the target ownership threshold. In 2011, the Governance Principles were amended to change this threshold from a previous requirement to own two times the aggregate stock and cash retainer amounts. The Governance Principles also provide that a director may not dispose of Company stock until attaining the requisite ownership threshold and thereafter must maintain such equity ownership level. Policy Against Hedging with Respect to Company Stock To assure alignment with the long-term interests of our other shareholders, under the Company?s Insider Trading Policy, our non-employee directors, as well as of?cers and other employees, may not engage in: 0 Short sales of Company stock or transactions in any derivative of a Company security, including, but not limited to, puts, calls and options (other than the receipt and exercise of options that might be granted by the Company pursuant to a Company compensation plan), nor 0 In any type of hedging or similar monetization transaction involving company securities, including, but not limited to, ?nancial instruments such as prepaid variable forwards, equity swaps, collars and exchange funds, nor - Other transactions that would permit the holder to own Company securities without the full risks and rewards of ownership. 19 Page 14 of 19 Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 15 of 19 ?ay?leon April 27, 2016 Dear Raytheon Shareholder, I am pleased to invite you to attend Raytheon?s 2016 Annual Meeting of Shareholders on Thursday, May 26, 2016. The meeting will be held at 1 1:00 am. Eastern Time at Westfields Marriott Washington Dulles, 14750 Conference Center Drive, Chantilly, Virginia 20151. For your convenience, we are pleased to offer a live webcast (audio only) of the meeting at As re?ected in this proxy statement, Raytheon continues to demonstrate its commitment to sound governance practices. Under the Board?s oversight, the Company continues to take meaningful measures to engage with our shareholders and promote Board accountability and transparency. As discussed in more detail in this proxy statement, these measures include the recent adoption of a proxy access by-law, expansion of our website disclosure regarding political expenditures and lobbying activities, and enhancement of executive compensation and other disclosures, as well as signi?cant Board refreshment over the past several years, with two new directors added in 2015. I look forward to sharing information with you about Raytheon at the Annual Meeting. Whether or not you plan to attend, I encourage you to vote your proxy as soon as possible so that your shares will be represented at the meeting. Thank you. Sincerely, THOMAS A. KENNEDY Chairman and Chief Executive Of?cer Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 16 of 19 DIRECTOR COMPENSATION Set forth below is information regarding the compensation of our non-employee directors for 2015. Determination and Assessment of Director Compensation The Governance and Nominating Committee annually reviews non-employee director compensation with the aid of an assessment provided by Pearl Meyer Partners (PM), an independent compensation consulting firm, and makes cash and equity compensation determinations subject to the concurrence of the Board. The PM assessment takes into account the director compensation practices of the same peer group used as a frame of reference in assessing executive compensation, as well as the broader market. Elements of Director Compensation The principal features of the compensation received by our non-employee directors for 2015 are described below. Annual Retainers. All of our non-employee directors are paid an annual cash retainer and an annual stock retainer (as further discussed below) for service on the Board. The Lead Director is also paid an additional annual cash retainer and receives a larger annual stock retainer for his service as Lead Director, and each of the committee chairs are also paid an additional annual cash retainer for their service in such roles. A director who is first elected to the Board between Annual Meetings receives a prorated annual cash retainer. Directors may elect to receive their annual retainers in shares of our common stock in lieu of cash. We pay the cash retainers quarterly and the stock retainer, including stock in lieu of cash, annually. Annual Cash Retainers 2015 Board of Directors 90,000 Lead Director 24,000 Governance and Nominating Committee Chair 10,000 Audit Committee Chair 20,000 Management Development and Compensation Committee Chair 10,000 Public Affairs Committee Chair 10,000 Special Activities Committee Chair 10,000 Meeting Fees. Our non-employee directors receive a $1,500 meeting fee for each Board or committee meeting attended in person or held by teleconference. Non-employee directors who are not members of the Audit Committee are invited each year to attend the February Audit Committee meeting, for review of the draft Annual Report on Form 10-K, and receive a meeting fee for such attendance. Equity Awards. In May of each year (concurrent with the Company?s Annual Meeting), each non-employee director receives an annual stock retainer in the form of a grant of $140,000 ($191,000 for the Lead Director) in restricted stock under the Raytheon 2010 Stock Plan (2010 Stock Plan) which is entitled to full dividend and voting rights. A director who is ?rst elected to the Board between Annual Meetings receives a prorated annual stock retainer upon election. Unless otherwise provided by the Board, the restricted stock vests (becomes non-forfeitable) on the date of the Annual Meeting of shareholders in the calendar year following the year of grant, or upon the earlier occurrence of the director?s termination as a director after a change-in-control of Raytheon or the director?s death. Upon a director?s termination of service on the Board for any other reason, his or her unvested restricted stock award will be forfeited to Raytheon. Regardless of the vesting date, the shares will remain subject to transfer restriction for at least six months after the grant date. An assessment by PM showed that total direct compensation (the sum of the annual retainer, Board meeting fees, average committee fees and the annual equity award) for our non-employee directors in 2014 was positioned between the 50?h and the 75?h percentile relative to the Company?s core and broader peer groups. For more information on the Company?s core and broader peer groups, see the section entitled ?Market Data? beginning on page 28. Forcepoint Board Compensation. In May 2015, following Raytheon?s acquisition of Websense, Inc., the Company created Forcepoint, a new cybersecurity joint venture company (with a minority owner, Vista Equity Partners). At the request of the Raytheon Board, three non-employee directors were asked to participate on the Forcepoint board of directors, Messrs. Cartwright and Ruettgers as members, and after he joined the Board in July 2015, Mr. Beauchamp as an observer. In connection with this special assignment, the Board approved a separate annual cash retainer of $75,000 and a meeting fee of $1,500 for each meeting attended. 12 Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 17 of 19 Bene?ts. We reimburse our non-employee directors for actual expenses incurred in the performance of their service as directors, including attendance at director education programs sponsored by educational and other institutions. We also maintain a business travel accident insurance policy which provides non-employee directors with up to $1,000,000 of coverage per incident when traveling on Raytheon business. In addition, all directors are eligible to participate in our matching gift and charitable awards program available to all employees. We match eligible gifts up to $10,000 per donor per calendar year. Pursuant to our Deferred Compensation Plan, directors may defer receipt of their cash retainers and/or meeting fees until retirement from the Board. Directors also may elect to receive their cash retainers in shares of our common stock, which must be received currently and cannot be deferred. Non-Employee Director Total Compensation Change in Pension Value and Nonqualified Fees Non-Equity Deferred Earned or Stock Option Incentive Plan Compensation All Other Paid in Awardsm Awards Compensation Earnings Compensation Total Name Cash") (3) (3) (3) Tracy A. Atkinson 115,500 139,950 1374?? 257,324 Robert E. Beauchamp* 84,136 1 16,970?) 10,000?) 211,106 James E. Cartwright 224,000 139,950 363,950 Vernon E. Clark 148,000 191,021?) 10,000?) 349,021 Stephen J. Hadley 140,500 139,950 280,450 Letitia A. Long" 94,500 164,961(5) 259,461 George R. Oliver 136,500 139,950 10,000?) 286,450 Michael C. Ruettgers 2 14,500 139,950 10,000?) 364,450 Ronald L. Skates 153,500 139,950 10,000?) 303,450 William R. Spivey 131,500 139,950 271,450 Linda G. 66,500 66.500 Robert E. Beauchamp was elected to the Board in July 2015. Letitia A. Long was elected to the Board in March 2015. Linda G. Stuntz retired from the Board effective as of the 2015 Annual Meeting in May 2015. (1) Detailed information on cash amounts is set forth below. (2) Detailed information on stock award amounts is set forth below. (3) Represents Mr. Beauchamp?s prorated award of 1,206 shares of restricted stock made upon his election to the Board in July 2015. (4) Mr. Clark?s annual stock retainer of $191,000 for serving in the capacity of Lead Director. (5) Includes Ms. Long?s prorated award of 226 shares of restricted stock made upon her election to the Board in March 2015, which shares vested on the date of the 2015 Annual Meeting in May 2015. (6) Represents Raytheon contributions under our matching gift and charitable awards program, which is available to all employees and directors. 13 Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 18 of 19 Cash Amounts Annual Committee Annual Chair or Board Lead Director Cash Cash Meeting Retainer Retainer Fees t" Director Roles (3) Ms. Atkinson Director 90,000 25,500 Mr. Beauchamp Director 32,886 6,000 Mr. Cartwright Chair, Governance and Nominating Committee 90,000 5,000 46,500 Mr. Clark Chair, Special Activities Committee and Lead Director 90,000 34,000 24,000 Mr. Hadley Chair, Public Affairs Committee 90,000 10,000 40,500 Ms. Long Director 67,500 27,000 Mr. Oliver Director 90,000 46,500 Mr. Ruettgers Director 90,000 42,000 Mr. Skates Chair, Audit Committee 90,000 20,000 43,500 Mr. Spivcy Chair, MDCC 90,000 10,000 31,500 Ms. Stuntz Chair, Governance and Nominating Committee 45,000 5,000 16,500 (1) Includes a per meeting fee of $1,500 for ?ve meetings of a temporary acquisition review group of directors composed of Messrs. Cartwright, Oliver and Ruettgers who were appointed by the Board in connection with the Company?s review of potential commercial cybersecurity acquisition candidates and transaction structures, including the acquisition of Websense, Inc. and the formation of Forcepoint. Cash Amounts - orcepoint Board (1) Annual Board Cash Retainer Meeting Fees Director (9 Mr. Beauchamp 43,7500) 3 1,500 Mr. Cartwright 75,000 7,500 Mr. Ruettgers 75,000 7,500 Represents Mr. Beauchamp?s prorated annual cash retainer based on when his Forcepoint Board service began. Stock Awards Stock Award amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of awards of restricted stock paid as the annual stock retainer in accordance with the accounting standard for share-based payments. The grant date fair value of the restricted stock awards is based on the stock price on the date of grant and the number of shares (or the intrinsic value method). For more information on the assumptions used by us in calculating the grant date fair values for restricted stock awards, see Note 13: Stock-based Compensation Plans to our ?nancial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015. 14 Case Document 15-4 Filed 01/10/17 Page 19 of 19 The aggregate number of shares of unvested restricted stock held by each director as of December 31, 2015 was as follows: Restricted Director Stock(#) Ms. Atkinson 1,340 Mr. Beauchamp 1,206 Mr. Cartwright 1,340 Mr. Clark 1,829 Mr. Hadley 1,340 Ms. Long 1,340 Mr. Oliver 1,340 Mr. Ruettgers 1,340 Mr. Skates 1,340 Mr. Spivey 1,340 Ms. Stuntz The following table shows the shares of restricted stock awarded to each director during 2015 and the aggregate grant date fair value for each award. All Stock Awards: Number Grant of Shares of Stock Full Grant Date Director Date or Units(#) Value of Award($) Ms. Atkinson 5/28/2015 1,340 139,950 Mr. Beauchamp 7/22/2015 1,206 1 16,970 Mr. Cartwright 5/28/2015 1,340 139,950 Mr. Clark 5/28/2015 1,829 191,021 Mr. Hadley 5/28/2015 1,340 139,950 Ms. Long 3/18/2015 226 25,01 1 5/28/2015 1,340 139,950 Mr. Oliver 5/28/2015 1,340 139,950 Mr. Ruettgers 5/28/2015 1,340 139,950 Mr. Skates 5/28/2015 1,340 139,950 Mr. Spivey 5/28/2015 1,340 139,950 Ms. Stuntz Director Stock Ownership and Retention Guidelines As stated in our Governance Principles, the Board believes that directors should be shareholders and have a ?nancial stake in the Company. Accordingly, independent directors are paid a substantial portion of their compensation in equity awards. Further, each director is expected to own shares of our common stock with a market value of at least four times the cash component of a non-employee director?s annual retainer for service on the Board, with ?ve years to achieve the target ownership threshold. The Governance Principles also provide that a director may not dispose of Company stock until attaining the requisite ownership threshold and thereafter must maintain such equity ownership level. As of December 31, 2015. each of our non-employee directors with ?ve or more years of service had met or exceeded his stock ownership requirement. Case Document 15-5 Filed 01/10/17 Page 1 of 4 Attachment 5 Form 8-K Case Document 15-5 Filed 01/10/17 Page 2 of 4 page 1 of 3 8-K 1 d265747d8k.htm FORM 8-K UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 8-K CURRENT REPORT Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Date of Report (date of earliest event reported): October 12, 2016 RAYTHEON COMPANY (Exact name of registrant as speci?ed in its charter) Delaware 1-13699 95-1778500 (State of (Commission (IRS Employer Incorporation) File Number) Identification Number) 870 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451 (Address of Principal Executive Of?ces) (Zip Code) (781) 522-3000 (Registrant?s telephone number. including area code) Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K ?ling is intended to simultaneously satisfy the ?ling obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General instruction A2. below): Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) CI Soliciting material pursuant to Rule l4a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) El Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule l4d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR El Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule l3e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 19312516740215/d265747d8k.htm 12/14/2016 Form 8-K Case Document 15-5 Filed 01/10/17 Page 3 of 4 page 2 of3 Item 5.02. Departure of Directors or Certain Of?cers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Of?cers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Of?cers Resignation of Director On October l2, 2016, James E. Cartwright noti?ed Raytheon Company (the ??Company?) that he was resigning, effective immediately, from his position on the Company?s Board of Directors due to personal reasons. 2 19312516740215/d265747d8k.htm 12/14/2016 Form 8-K Case Document 15-5 Filed 01/10/17 Page 4 of 4 Page 3 of3 SIGNATURES 1 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to? be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized. RAYTHEON COMPANY Date: October 18, 2016 By: Frank R. Jimenez Frank R. Jimenez Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary 047122/0001 193 12516740215/d265747d8k.htm 12/14/2016