G7  Taormina  Leaders’  Communiqué     Preamble     1. We,  the  Leaders  of  the  G7,  met  in  Taormina  on  May  26-­‐27,  2017  to  address,  in  a  spirit  of  cooperation,  the  global   challenges  we  face  today  and  to   respond  collectively  to  the  greatest  concerns  of  our  citizens.  Our  common  endeavor   is  to  build  the  foundations  of  renewed  trust,  both  towards  our  governments  and  among  our  countries.     2. We   are   bound   together   by   our   shared   values   of   freedom   and   democracy,   peace,   security,   the   rule   of   law,   and   respect   for   human   rights.   We   are   determined   to   coordinate   our   efforts   in   promoting   the   rules-­‐based   international   order  and  global  sustainable  development.  We  are  also  convinced  of  the  distinctive  role  of  culture  as  an  instrument   to  promote  dialogue  among  peoples.     3. Technological   change   and   globalization   have   made   a   fundamental   contribution   to   raising   living   standards   across   the   world   over   recent   decades.   However,   their   benefits   have   not   been   shared   widely   enough,   contributing   to   inequalities  in  many  countries.  Despite  progress  in  recent  decades,  we  are  still  far  from  making  poverty  history,  from   reaching  the  “zero  hunger”  objective  and  from  ensuring  that  future  generations  will  enjoy   justice  and  peace,  as  well   as  a  cleaner  and  safer  environment,  as  envisaged,  for  example,  by  the  2030  Agenda  for  Sustainable  Development.       4. Our   citizens   rightly   demand   quality   education,   decent   jobs,   greater   access   to   economic   opportunities,   gender   equality,  and  a  cleaner  environment.  They  expect  us  to  deal  with  increasing  numbers  of  refugees  and  migrants,  also   through   stronger   international   cooperation.   Furthermore,   they   ask   for   more   secure   lives   and,   in   particular,   to   halt   the  rise  of  terrorism  and  violent  extremism,  including  its  manifestation  online.     5. Against  this  backdrop,  we  want  to  send  a  message  of  confidence  in  the  future,  ensuring  that  citizens’  needs  are  at   the  center  of  our  policies.  As  G7  Leaders,  we  intend  to  do  so  by  engaging  in  a  joint  effort  to  seize  all  the  opportunities   offered   by   an   era   of   extraordinary   change.   We   will   strive   to   highlight   the   transformative   power   of   culture,   gender   equality,   diversity   and   inclusion,   education,   science,   technology   and   innovation   in   a   collective   endeavor   involving   governments,  civil  society,  the  private  sector,  and  ordinary  citizens.  To  achieve  this  we  must  improve  knowledge  and   competences  across  all  sectors  and  regions  of  our  countries,  by  fostering  innovation  and  new  skills,  by  investing  in   fields  such  as  education  and  training,  as  well  as  health,  with  a  view  to  boosting  economic  growth  and  to  improving   people’s   quality   of   life.   We   therefore   pledge   to   take   concrete   actions   to   manage   today’s   risks   and   to   transform   challenges  into  opportunities.     Foreign  Policy  Issues     6. We   share   the   same   interest   in   strengthening   a   rules-­‐based   international   order   that   promotes   peace   among   nations,   safeguards   sovereignty,   territorial   integrity   and   political   independence   of   all   states   and   ensures   the   protection  of  human  rights.  Our  world  needs  our  genuine  commitment  to  the  solution  of  conflicts  that  are  affecting   millions  of  innocent  people  and  disrupting  development  and  the  healthy  growth  of  future  generations.     7. We   endorsed   the   Joint   Communiqué,   the   Declaration   on   Responsible   States   Behavior   in   Cyberspace,   and   the   Statement  on  Non-­‐Proliferation  and  Disarmament  of  the  Foreign  Ministers’  meeting  in  Lucca,  and  further  discussed   issues  and  crises  that  are  most  seriously  threatening  the  security  and  well-­‐being  of  our  citizens  and  global  stability.     8. Six   years   into   the   Syrian   war,   the   Syrian   people   have   endured   the   most   tremendous   suffering.   We   believe   that   there   is   an   opportunity   to   bring   this   tragic   crisis   to   an   end.   No   effort   should   be   spared   to   bring   an   end   to   the   conflict   through   an   inclusive   Syrian-­‐led   political   process   under   the   auspices   of   the   UN   to   implement   a   genuine   credible   transition  in  accordance  with  UN  Security  Council  Resolution  2254  and  the  Geneva  Communiqué.  We  are  determined   to  increase  our  efforts  to  defeat  international  terrorism  in  Syria,  in  particular  ISIS/ISIL/Da’esh  and  al  Qaeda.  Indeed,  it   will   be   impossible   to   defeat   terrorism   without   a   political   settlement.   All   major   stakeholders   must   live   up   to   their   international  responsibilities.  Those  with  influence  over  the  Syrian  regime,  in  particular  Russia  and  Iran,  must  do  their   utmost  to  use  that  influence  to  stop  this  tragedy,  beginning  with  the  enforcement  of  a  real  ceasefire,  stopping  the   use  of  chemical  weapons,  ensuring  safe,  immediate  and  unhindered  humanitarian  access  to  all  people  in  need,  and   releasing  any  arbitrarily  detained  persons,  as  well  as  allowing  free  access  to  its  prisons.  To  this  end,  we  hope  that  the   Astana   agreement   can   contribute   effectively   to   de-­‐escalating   violence.   If   Russia   is   prepared   to   use   its   influence     positively,  then  we  are  prepared  to  work  with  it  in  resolving  the  conflict  in  Syria,  pursuing  a  political  settlement.  We   are  prepared  to  contribute  to  the  costs  of  reconstruction,  once  a  credible  political  transition  is  firmly  underway.  We   will  not  engage  in  stabilization  efforts  that  will  support  social  and  demographic  engineering.     9. We   reiterate   our   deepest   concerns   regarding   the   use   of   chemical   weapons   in   Syria   and   reaffirm   our   strong   condemnation  of  the  use  of  chemical  weapons  anywhere,  at  any  time,  by  anyone,  under  any  circumstances.  Those   individuals,  entities,  groups  or  governments  responsible  for  such  use  must  be  held  accountable.       10. In   Libya,   it   is   urgent   to   advance   on   the   path   of   inclusive   political   dialogue   and   national   reconciliation.   We   welcome  the  recent  meetings  between  key  Libyan  players.  All  Libyans  must  engage  with  a  spirit  of  compromise  and   desist  from  actions  that  would  fuel  further  conflict.  While  warning  against  the  temptation  of  military  settlements  of   the  situation,  we  reiterate  our  full  support  for  the  institutional  framework  laid  out  in  the  Libyan  Political  Agreement   (LPA)   as   the   framework   within   which   political   solutions   can   be   found,   including   possible   adjustments   to   the   LPA   that   may   advance   reconciliation.   We   support   the   UN   Support   Mission   in   Libya   (UNSMIL)   mediation   effort.   We   also   support   the   Presidency   Council   and   the   Government   of   National   Accord   in   their   effort   to   consolidate   State   institutions,   alleviate   human   suffering,   protect   and   expand   infrastructure,   strengthen   and   diversify   the   economy,   manage  migration  flows  and  eradicate  the  terrorist  threat.     11. We   have   made   significant   progress   in   reducing   the   presence   of   ISIS/ISIL/Da’esh   in   Syria   and   Iraq,   and   in   diminishing  its  appeal.  We  commit  to  continuing  these  efforts  in  order  to  complete  the  liberation  of  ISIS/ISIL/Da’esh-­‐ held   territories,   in   particular   Mosul   and   Raqqa,   in   the   pursuit   of   ISIS/ISIL/Da’esh’s   final   destruction   and   the   end   of   associated  violence,  widespread  abuses  of  human  rights  and  violations  of  international  humanitarian  law.  Those  who   have   perpetrated   crimes   in   the   name   of   ISIS/ISIL/Da’esh,   including   the   use   of   chemical   weapons,   must   be   held   to   account.   We   welcome   progress   in   countering   ISIS/ISIL/Da’esh   in   Libya.   We   call   upon   all   countries   of   the   region   to   play  a  constructive  role  by  contributing  to  efforts  to  achieve  inclusive  political  solutions,  reconciliation,  and  peace,   which  are  the  only  way  to  eradicate  ISIS/ISIL/Da’esh,  other  terrorist  groups  and  violent  extremism  in  the  long-­‐term  in   Iraq,  Syria,  Yemen,  and  beyond.     12. We   reiterate   our   commitment   on   non-­‐proliferation   and   disarmament.   North   Korea,   a   top   priority   in   the   international  agenda,  increasingly  poses  new  levels  of  threat  of  a  grave  nature  to  international  peace  and  stability   and   the   non-­‐proliferation   regime   through   its   repeated   and   ongoing   breaches   of   international   law.   North   Korea   must   immediately   and   fully   comply   with   all   relevant   UN   Security   Council   Resolutions   (UNSCRs)   and   abandon   all   nuclear   and  ballistic  missile  programs  in  a  complete,  verifiable  and  irreversible  manner.  Condemning  in  the  strongest  terms   North  Korea’s  nuclear  tests  and  ballistic  missile  launches,  we  stand  ready  to  strengthen  measures  aimed  at  achieving   these   objectives   and   strongly   call   on   the   international   community   to   redouble   its   efforts   to   ensure   the   sustained,   comprehensive   and   thorough   implementation   of   relevant   UNSCRs.   We   urge   North   Korea   to   address   humanitarian   and  human  rights  concerns,  including  the  immediate  resolution  of  the  abductions  issue.     13. A   sustainable   solution   to   the   crisis   in   Ukraine   can   only   be   reached   with   the   full   implementation   by   all   sides   of   their   commitments   under   the   Minsk   Agreements.   We   support   the   endeavors   of   the   Normandy   group   and   commend   the   multifaceted   commitment   of   the   OSCE   in   order   to   de-­‐escalate   the   crisis.   We   stress   the   responsibility   of   the   Russian  Federation  for  the  conflict  and  underline  the  role  it  needs  to  play  to  restore  peace  and  stability.  We  reiterate   our   condemnation   of   the   illegal   annexation   of   the   Crimean   peninsula,   reaffirm   our   policy   of   non-­‐recognition,   and   fully  support  Ukraine’s  independence,  territorial  integrity  and  sovereignty.  We  recall  that  the  duration  of  sanctions  is   clearly   linked   to   Russia’s   complete   implementation   of   its   commitments   in   the   Minsk   Agreements   and   respect   for   Ukraine’s   sovereignty.   Sanctions   can   be   rolled   back   when   Russia   meets   its   commitments.   However,   we   also   stand   ready   to   take   further   restrictive   measures   in   order   to   increase   costs   on   Russia   should   its   actions   so   require.   We   maintain  our  commitment  to  assisting  Ukraine  in  implementing  its  ambitious  and  yet  necessary  reform  agenda  and   commend  Kiev  for  its  progress  to  date.  Despite  our  differences  with  Russia,  we  are  willing  to  engage  with  Russia  to   address  regional  crises  and  common  challenges  when  it  is  in  our  interest.       2     14. We  reaffirm  our  commitment  to  maintaining  a  rules-­‐based  order  in  the  maritime  domain  based  on  the  principles   of  international  law,  including  as  reflected  in  the  United  Nations  Convention  on  the  Law  of  the  Sea  (UNCLOS),  and  to   the  peaceful  settlement  of  maritime  disputes  through  diplomatic  and  legal  means,  including  arbitration.  We  remain   concerned  about  the  situation  in  the  East  and  South  China  Seas  and  strongly  opposed  to  any  unilateral  actions  that   could  increase  tensions.  We  urge  all  parties  to  pursue  demilitarization  of  disputed  features.     15. The   recent   cyber   attacks   hitting   critical   infrastructures   worldwide   reinforce   our   commitment   to   increased   international  cooperation  to  protect  an  accessible,  open,  interoperable,  reliable  and  secure  cyberspace  and  its  vast   benefits  for  economic  growth  and  prosperity.  We  will  work  together  and  with  other  partners  to  tackle  cyber  attacks   and  mitigate  their  impact  on  our  critical  infrastructures  and  the  well-­‐being  of  our  societies.     Global  Economy     16. Global   recovery   is   gaining   momentum,   yet   growth   remains   moderate   and   GDP   is   still   below   potential   in   many   countries,   with   the   balance   of   risks   tilted   to   the   downside.   Our   top   priority   is   to   raise   global   growth   to   deliver   higher   living  standards  and  quality  jobs.  To  this  end,  we  reaffirm  our  commitment  to  use  all  policy  tools  –  monetary,  fiscal   and   structural   –   individually   and   collectively   to   achieve   strong,   sustainable,   balanced   and   inclusive   growth.   In   particular,  monetary  policy  should  continue  to  support  economic  activity  and  ensure  price  stability,  consistently  with   central  banks’  mandate.  We  concur  that  fiscal  policy  should  be  used  flexibly  to  strengthen  growth  and  job  creation,   while  also  enhancing  inclusiveness  and  ensuring  that  debt  as  a  share  of  GDP  is  on  a  sustainable  path.  In  doing  so,  we   agree  on  the  importance  of  improving  the  quality  of  public  finances,  including  by  prioritizing  high-­‐quality  investment,   such  as  in   infrastructures.  We   remain   committed   to   advancing   structural   reforms   to   boost   productivity   and   potential   output,  while  ensuring  these  are  appropriately  coordinated  with  macroeconomic  policies.  We  reaffirm  our  existing   G7  exchange  rate  commitments,  as  agreed  upon  by  Finance  Ministers  and  Central  Bank  Governors  at  their  meeting   in  Bari.  We  will  strive  to  reduce  excessive  global  imbalances  and  in  a  way  that  supports  global  growth.  We  commit  to   tackling  all  forms  of  corruption  and  tax  evasion,  as  a  means  of  reinforcing  public  trust  in  governments  and  fostering   sustainable  global  growth.     Inequalities     17. We  welcome  the  “Bari  Policy  Agenda  on  Growth  and  Inequalities”  adopted  by  G7  Finance  Ministers  and  Central   Bank  Governors  as  a  framework  to  foster  inclusive  growth  through  a  broad  menu  of  policy  options.  We  acknowledge   that  inequalities  –  not  just  in  income,  but  in  all  their  forms  –  represent  a  major  source  of  concern.  In  fact,  excessive   inequality,   also   at   the   global   level,   undermines   confidence   and   limits   future   growth   potential.   Furthermore,   inequality   may   contribute   to   regional   disparities   within   countries   and   undermine   intergenerational   mobility,   while   jeopardizing   social   cohesion   and   putting   stress   on   institutions.   In   this   respect,   we   will   strive   to   strengthen   the   capabilities   and   resilience   of   our   economies   and   communities   to   adjust   to   the   pace   of   change,   so   that   the   global   economy  works  for  everyone.     Gender  Equality     18. Gender  equality  is  fundamental  for  the  fulfillment  of  human  rights  and  a  top  priority  for  us,  as  women  and  girls   are  powerful  agents  for  change.  Promoting  their  empowerment  and  closing  the  gender  gap  is  not  only  right,  but  also   smart   for   our   economies,   and   a   crucial   contribution   to   progress   towards   sustainable   development.   Women   and   girls   face  high  rates  of  discrimination,  harassment,  and  violence  and  other  human  rights  violations  and  abuses.  Although   girls   and   women   today   are   better   educated   than   ever   before,   they   are   still   more   likely   to   be   employed   in   low-­‐skilled   and   low-­‐paying   jobs,   carry   most   of   the   burden   of   unpaid   care   and   domestic   work,   and   their   participation   and   leadership   in   private   and   public   life   as   well   as   their   access   to   economic   opportunities   remains   uneven.   Increasing   women’s  involvement  in  the  economy  –  such  as  by  closing  the  gender  gaps  in  credit  and  entrepreneurship  and  by   enhancing  women’s  access  to  capital,  networks  and  markets  –  can  have  dramatically  positive  economic  impacts.  We,   as   the   G7,   have   undertaken   significant   measures   to   tackle   gender   inequality,   but   more   needs   to   be   done.   We   therefore   remain   committed   to   mainstreaming   gender   equality   into   all   our   policies.   We   welcome   the   important     3     contribution  provided  by  the  W7.  To  foster  the  economic  empowerment  of  women  and  girls,  we  have  furthermore   adopted  the  first  “G7  Roadmap  for  a  Gender-­‐Responsive  Economic  Environment”.     Trade     19.  We   acknowledge   that   free,   fair   and   mutually   beneficial   trade   and   investment,   while   creating   reciprocal   benefits,   are  key  engines  for  growth  and  job  creation.  Therefore,  we  reiterate  our  commitment  to  keep  our  markets  open  and   to  fight  protectionism,  while  standing  firm  against   all  unfair  trade  practices.  At  the  same  time,  we  acknowledge  that   trade  has  not  always  worked  to  the  benefit  of  everyone.  For  this  reason,  we  commit  to  adopting  appropriate  policies   so  that  all  firms  and  citizens  can  make  the  most  of  opportunities  offered  by  the  global  economy.       20. We  push  for  the  removal  of  all  trade-­‐distorting  practices  –  including  dumping,  discriminatory  non-­‐tariff  barriers,   forced   technology   transfers,   subsidies   and   other   support   by   governments   and   related   institutions   that   distort   markets   –  so   as   to   foster   a   truly   level   playing   field.   We   commit   to   further   strengthening   our   cooperation   and   to   working  with  our  partners  in  order  to  address  global  excess  capacity  in  the  steel,  aluminum  and  other  key  industrial   sectors  and  to  avoid  its  emergence  in  other  areas.  In  this  sense,  we  view  with  concern  market-­‐distorting  measures   targeted   at   promoting   key   technologies.   To   this   end,   we   welcome   the   Global   Forum   on   Steel   Excess   Capacity,   established   by   the   G20   and   facilitated   by   the   OECD,   and   urge   all   Members   to   promptly   deliver   on   effective   policy   solutions   that   enhance   market   function   and   adjustment   in   order   to   address   the   root   causes   of   global   steel   excess   capacity.  We  also  call  on  the  International  Working  Group  on  Export  Credits  to  develop  new  guidelines  for  publicly   supported  export  finance.     21. We  recognize  the  importance  of  the  rules-­‐based  international  trading  system.  We  commit  to  working  together  to   improve   the   functioning   of   the   WTO,   to   ensure   full   and   transparent   implementation   and   effective   and   timely   enforcement  of  all  WTO  rules  by  all  Members  and  to  achieve  a  successful  11th  WTO  Ministerial  Conference.         22. We  commit  to  striving  for  better  application  and  promotion  of  internationally  recognized  social,  labor,  safety,  tax   cooperation  and  environmental  standards  throughout  the  global  economy  and  its  supply  chains.     23. Finally,  we  recognize  that  international  investment  too  can  play  an  important  role  in  sustaining  growth  and  job   creation,  and  therefore  strive  to  foster  a  predictable  environment  so  as  to  facilitate  foreign  direct  investment.     Human  Mobility     24. The   ongoing   large-­‐scale   movement   of   migrants   and   refugees   is   a   global   trend   that,   given   its   implications   for   security  and  human  rights,  calls  for  coordinated  efforts  at  the  national  and  international  level.  We  recognize  that  the   management  and  control  of  migrant  flows  –  while  taking  into  account  the  distinction  between  refugees  and  migrants   –   requires   both   an   emergency   approach   and   a   long-­‐term   one.   We   also   recognize   the   need   to   support   refugees   as   close   to   their   home   countries   as   possible,   and   enable   them   to   return   safely   to   and   help   rebuild   their   home   communities.   At   the   same   time,   while   upholding   the   human   rights   of   all   migrants   and   refugees,   we   reaffirm   the   sovereign  rights  of  states,  individually  and  collectively,  to  control  their  own  borders  and  to  establish  policies  in  their   own  national  interest  and  national  security.     25. We  agree  to  establish  partnerships  to  help  countries  create  the  conditions  within  their  own  borders  that  address   the  drivers  of  migration,  as  this  is  the  best  long-­‐term  solution  to  these  challenges.  We  also  acknowledge  that  states   share   a   responsibility   in   managing   the   flows;   in   protecting   refugees   and   migrants,   and   safeguarding   the   most   vulnerable   of   them,   such   as   women   at   risk,   adolescents,   children   and   unaccompanied   minors;   and   in   enforcing   border   control,   establishing   returns   schemes   and   enhancing   law   enforcement   cooperation.   These   are   essential   instruments   to   reduce   irregular   or   illegal   migration   and   to   fight   migrant   smuggling,   human   trafficking   and   exploitation,  and  all  forms  of  slavery,  including  modern  slavery.  In  this  manner,  we  will  safeguard  the  value  of  the   positive  aspects  of  a  safe,  orderly  and  regular  migration,  since  properly  managed  flows  can  bring  economic  and  social   benefits  to  countries  of  both  origin  and  destination  as  well  as  to  migrants  and  refugees  themselves.           4     Africa     26. Africa’s  security,  stability  and  sustainable  development  are  high  priorities  for  us.  Our  goal  is  indeed  to  strengthen   cooperation  and  dialogue  with  African  countries  and   regional  organizations  to  develop  African  capacity  in  order  to   better   prevent,   respond   to   and   manage   crises   and   conflicts,   as   regards   the   relevant   goals   of   the   2030   Agenda   for   Sustainable   Development.   A   stable   Africa   means   a   stable   environment   for   investment.   In   this   regard,   we   note   the   forthcoming  launch  by  the  EU  of  the  External  Investment  Plan  (EIP)  as  an  important  tool  to  boost  investment  in  the   continent,   as   well   as   the   envisaged   G20   Partnership   Initiative   with   Africa   and   the   investment   pledge   made   at   the   Tokyo   International   Conference   for   African   Development   (TICADVI).   It   is   also   important   to   continue   our   efforts   to   expand   reliable   access   to   energy   in   Africa.   Unlocking   Africa’s   potential   requires   empowering   millions   of   people   through   innovation,   education, promoting   gender   equality   and   human   capital   development.   Decent   employment,   better   health   services,   and   food   security  will   also   contribute   to   building   a   more   resilient   society   in   a   rapidly   changing   world.  We  aim  to  work  in  partnership  with  the  African  continent,  supporting  the  African  Union  Agenda  2063,  in  order   to   provide   the   young   generation   in   particular   with   adequate   skills,   quality   infrastructures,   financial   resources,   and   access  to  a  sustainable,  prosperous  and  safe  future.  Such  advances  also  promise  to  help  reduce  migratory  pressure,   relieve  humanitarian  emergencies  and  create  socio-­‐economic  opportunities  for  all.     Food  Security  and  Nutrition     27. Ending  hunger,  achieving  food  security  and  improved  nutrition,  and  promoting  sustainable  agriculture  is  a  crucial   goal  for  the  G7.  We  reaffirm  our  collective  aim  to  lift  500  million  people  in  developing  countries  out  of  hunger  and   malnutrition  by  2030,  as  part  of  a  broader  effort  involving  our  partners  and  international  actors.       28. We   are   deeply   concerned   about   the   devastating   levels   of   food   insecurity,   fueled   by   conflicts   and   instability,   already   resulting   in   famine   in   parts   of   South   Sudan   and   in   the   serious   risk   of   famine   in   Somalia,   Yemen   and   northeastern   Nigeria   and   critically   affecting   more   than   20   million   people.   We   strongly   support   the   UNSG   call   for   urgent   action.   We   are   rapidly   mobilizing   humanitarian   assistance,   we   will   continue   to   support   political   processes   addressing   the   underlying   causes   of   the   crises   and   we   are   committed   to   strengthening   the   international   humanitarian  system  to  prevent,  mitigate  and  better  prepare  for  future  crises,  while  strengthening  engagement  to   build  resilience.     29. While   stressing   the   global   dimension   of   the   food   insecurity   and   malnutrition   challenge,   we   recognize   that   urgent   action  is  needed  in  Sub-­‐Saharan  Africa,  the  region  with  the  highest  percentage  of  undernourished  people,  deep  rural   and   urban   poverty   and   particularly   large   movements   of   people,   and   where   more   than   two-­‐thirds   of   the   Least   Developed  Countries  are  located.     30. We   have   therefore   decided   to   raise   our   collective   support   for   food   security,   nutrition   and   sustainable   agriculture   in  Sub-­‐Saharan  Africa  through  an  array  of  possible  actions,  such  as  increasing  Official  Development  Assistance,  better   targeting   and   measuring   our   respective   interventions   in   line   with   the   food   security   and   nutrition-­‐related   recommendations   defined   at   Elmau   and   Ise-­‐Shima,   and   ensuring   they   reach   women   and   girls,   backing   efforts   to   attract   responsible   private   investments   and   additional   resources   from   other   development   stakeholders.   We   will   encourage   blended   finance   and   public-­‐private   partnerships   (PPPs).   We   will   act   in   line   with   African   countries’   priorities  and  consistently  with  the  African  Union  Agenda  2063,  aiming  to  reach  also  the  most  neglected  areas  and   the  most  vulnerable  people.     Climate  and  Energy     31. We  commit  to  strengthening  our  collective  energy  security  and  to  ensuring  open,  transparent,  liquid  and  secure   global  markets  for  energy  resources  and  technologies.  We  reaffirm  that  all  countries  that  opt  to  use  nuclear  power   must  ensure  the  highest  standards  of  nuclear  safety,  security  and  non-­‐proliferation.  We  are  determined  to  harness   the   significant   economic   opportunities,   in   terms   of   growth   and   job   creation,   offered   by   the   transformation   of   the   energy  sector  and  clean  technology.         5     32. The   United   States   of   America   is   in   the   process   of   reviewing   its   policies   on   climate   change   and   on   the   Paris   Agreement  and  thus  is  not  in  a  position  to  join  the  consensus  on  these  topics.  Understanding  this  process,  the  Heads   of  State  and  of  Government  of  Canada,  France,  Germany,  Italy,  Japan,  and  the  United  Kingdom  and  the  Presidents  of   the  European  Council  and  of  the  European  Commission  reaffirm  their  strong  commitment  to  swiftly  implement  the   Paris  Agreement,  as  previously  stated  at  the  Ise-­‐Shima  Summit.       33. In  this  context,  we  all  agree  on  the  importance  of  supporting  developing  countries.     Innovation,  Skills  and  Labor     34. The   Next   Production   Revolution   (NPR)   offers   an   extraordinary   opportunity   to   increase   competitiveness   and   to   boost  an  innovation-­‐driven  growth.  By  reshaping  our  existing  production  systems,  the  NPR  can  indeed  allow  all  firms   –  including  micro,  small  and  medium-­‐sized  enterprises  (MSMEs)  –  and  help  people  across  all  sectors  and  regions  to   reap  the  benefits  of  innovation  and  digitalization  and  enhance  women’s  opportunities  to  pursue  STEM  careers.     35. At   the   same   time,   the   advance   of   automation   and   of   emerging   technologies,   while   they   contribute   to   innovation   and   economic   growth,   presents   us   with   challenges   and   significantly   changes   the   future   of   work.   We   have   a   responsibility  to  face  these  challenges  by  managing  the  related  risks  of  the  NPR  and  of  the  ongoing  transition,  and  to   rethink  the  future  of  work  and  of  education  –  also  through  strong  collaboration  with  stakeholders  –  so  as  to  ensure  a   transition   that   works   for   all.   Our   education   systems   and   working   styles   must   be   adapted,   based   on   national   circumstances.   Companies   and   social   partners   should   be   closely   involved   and   commit   to   new   engagement   in   both   initial   and   lifelong   education   and   training.   We   also   need   to   address   new   forms   of   work   and   improve   working   conditions  by  implementing  sound  labor  market  policies  and  by  making  adjustments  to  our  welfare  systems,  when   necessary,  in  a  multi-­‐stakeholder  approach,  so  as  to  provide  stability  for  our  labor  force.     36. For   these   reasons,   we   have   adopted   a   “G7   People-­‐Centered   Action   Plan   on   Innovation,   Skills   and   Labor”.   Elaborated   with   the   support   of   the   OECD   and   the   ILO,   it   outlines   a   set   of   potential   policy   recommendations   to   maximize   the   benefits   of   the   NPR,   to   be   further   developed   by   our   relevant   Ministers   during   their   upcoming   Ministerial  Meetings.     37. In  addition,  in  order  to  facilitate  dialogue  with  key  stakeholders  and  to  provide  the  G7  with  first-­‐hand  insights  on   innovation  issues,  we  have  set  up  a  “Strategic  Advisory  Board  to  G7  Leaders  on  People-­‐Centered  Innovation”  (I-­‐7).   The  group’s  first  meeting  is  to  take  place  during  the  “G7  Innovation  Week”  in  Turin.     Health     38. We   are   committed   to   advancing   global   health   security   and   pursuing   policies   that   advance   physical   and   mental   health  improvements  across  the  globe.  Healthy  lives  and  well-­‐being  are  important  to  broader  economic,  social  and   security   gains.   We   recognize   that   women’s   and   adolescents’   health   and   healthcare   must   be   promoted.   We   acknowledge  the  role  of  environmental   factors  in  affecting  human  health.  We  remain  committed  to  strengthening   health  systems,  preparedness  for,  and  a  prompt,  effective  and  coordinated  response  to  public  health  emergencies   and  long-­‐term  challenges.  On  this  basis,  we  have  asked  our  Health  Ministers  to  follow  up  on  these  issues  during  their   November  meeting.       Conclusion     39. We  look  forward  to  meeting  under  the  Presidency  of  Canada  in  2018.         6