0 w: a West 1nla DLPARIMENI 01 0.: ?(:3qu ED g(:A I ION (r - saw!" Discipline Demographics: Examining Our Data June 19, 2017 Statewide, about 9 out of 10 public school students are White. Hispanic or Latino, 1.6% Multi-Racial, 2.6% Other Minority, 0.8% Black or African American, 4.5% White, 90.5% High-Minority Districts • Berkeley County • Cabell County • Fayette County • Greenbrier County • Hardy County • Jefferson County • Kanawha County • Marion County • Mercer County • Mineral County • Monongalia County • McDowell County • Ohio County • Pendleton County • Raleigh County • Institutional Programs • WV Schools for the Deaf and Blind (WVSDB) In high-minority districts, about 8 out of 10 students are White. Hispanic or Latino, 2.4% Multi-Racial, 4.0% Other Minority, 1.2% Black or African American, 7.7% White, 84.7% High-minority districts enroll about half of WV's students . . . . . . and enroll about 9 of every 10 Black students in WV. All Other Counties, 14.1% All Other Counties, 50.2% High-Minority Counties, 49.8% High-Minority Counties, 85.9% Black students represent less than High-minority districts enroll 5% of allhalf students statewide ... ... about of WV's students Hispanic or Latino, 1.6% Multi-Racial, 2.6% Other Minority, 0.8% Black or African American, 4.5% All Other Counties, 50.2% . . . but represent more than 7% of all students referred for discipline. Hispanic or Latino, 1.4% Multi-Racial, 2.8% Other Minority, 0.5% Black or African American, 7.3% High-Minority Counties, 49.8% White, 90.5% White, 88.1% Black students represent less than High-minority districts enroll 5% of allhalf students statewide ... ... about of WV's students Hispanic or Latino, 1.6% Multi-Racial, 2.6% Other Minority, 0.8% Black or African American, 4.5% . . . but represent 9% of all students receiving in-school suspension. Hispanic or Latino, 1.7% Other Minority, 0.4% Multi-Racial, 2.9% Black or African American, 8.9% All Other Counties, 50.2% High-Minority Counties, 49.8% White, 90.5% White, 86.1% Black students represent less than High-minority districts enroll 5% of allhalf students statewide ... ... about of WV's students Hispanic or Latino, 1.6% Multi-Racial, 2.6% Other Minority, 0.8% Black or African American, 4.5% . . . but represent 10% of all students receiving out-of-school suspension. Hispanic or Latino, 1.4% Other Minority, 0.3% Multi-Racial, 3.0% Black or African American, 9.9% All Other Counties, 50.2% High-Minority Counties, 49.8% White, 90.5% White, 85.4% Black students represent less than High-minority districts enroll 5% of allhalf students statewide ... ... about of WV's students Hispanic or Latino, 0.5% Hispanic or Latino, 1.6% Multi-Racial, 2.6% Other Minority, 0.8% Black or African American, 4.5% All Other Counties, 50.2% . . . but represent more than 10% of all students expelled. Multi-Racial, 3.7% Black or African American, 10.3% Other Minority, 0.0% High-Minority Counties, 49.8% White, 90.5% White, 85.4% Black students represent 8% of all students in high-minority districts. . . . . . but represent nearly 13% of all students referred for discipline. Hispanic or Latino, 2.4% Multi-Racial, 4.0% Hispanic or Latino, 2.1% Other Minority, 1.2% Black or African American, 7.7% Multi-Racial, 4.1% Other Minority, 0.6% Black or African American, 12.7% White, 84.7% White, 80.5% Black students represent 8% of all students in high-minority districts. . . . . . but represent 15% of all students receiving in-school suspension. Hispanic or Latino, 2.6% Hispanic or Latino, 2.4% Multi-Racial, 4.0% Other Minority, 1.2% Black or African American, 7.7% Multi-Racial, 4.2% Other Minority, 0.7% Black or African American, 15.1% White, 84.7% White, 77.4% Black students represent 8% of all students in high-minority districts. . . Hispanic or Latino, 2.4% Multi-Racial, 4.0% . . . but represent almost 16% of all students receiving out-of-school suspension. Hispanic or Latino, 1.9% Other Minority, 1.2% Multi-Racial, 4.2% Other Minority, 0.4% Black or African American, 15.7% Black or African American, 7.7% White, 84.7% White, 77.8% Black students represent 8% of all students in high-minority districts. . . Hispanic or Latino, 2.4% Multi-Racial, 4.0% . . . but represent more than 17% of all students expelled. Hispanic or Latino, 1.1% Other Minority, 1.2% Black or African American, 7.7% White, 84.7% Multi-Racial, 4.9% Black or African American, 17.3% Other Minority, 0.0% White, 76.8% Discipline Referrals How do discipline referral rates differ for students of different demographic groups? Statewide, Black students are referred for discipline issues/incidents more often than their peers of other races or ethnicities. 50% 45% 40% 35% 39.2% 37.6% 35.0% 30% 25% 23.5% 21.6% 21.0% 23.0% 22.4% 18.9% 20% 15% 24.2% 21.0% 25.6% 24.1% 23.5% 22.0% 13.5% 13.3% 12.9% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 All Students White 2014-2015 Black or African American Multi-Racial 2015-2016 Hispanic or Latino Other Minority Disciplinary referrals are trending slightly upward statewide for most groups and at a slightly higher rate for Black students. 50% 45% 40% 35% 39.2% Black or African American 35.0% 30% 25% 20% 15% 25.6% 24.1% 23.5% 22.0% 23.5% 21.6% 21.0% 18.9% 13.5% Other Minority 12.9% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 Multi-Racial All Students White Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Higher rates of discipline referrals for Black students (compared to other groups) are also evident in the high-minority districts overall. 50% 45% 40% 40.3% 38.9% 36.1% 35% 30% 25% 22.4% 21.3% 21.0% 19.1% 20% 15% 24.4% 24.3% 23.9% 22.7% 23.7% 25.0% 23.2% 21.5% 13.1% 12.9% 12.5% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 All Students White 2014-2015 Black or African American Multi-Racial 2015-2016 Hispanic or Latino Other Minority Upward trends in disciplinary referrals are also apparent in the aggregate data for the high-minority districts. 50% 45% 40.3% Black or African American 40% 35% 36.1% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 25.0% 24.4% 23.2% 21.5% 23.7% 22.4% 21.3% 19.1% 13.1% Other Minority 12.5% 5% 0% 2013-2014 Multi-Racial All Students White Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Discipline referral rates for Black and White students by county (2015-2016) 0% Berkeley County Cabell County Fayette County Greenbrier County Hardy County Institutional Programs Jefferson County Kanawha County Marion County Mercer County Mineral County Monongalia County McDowell County Ohio County Pendleton County Raleigh County WVSDB 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% White Black or African American Discipline Referrals by Race and Gender We? Vir inia 1) ED UCATION i x: i Statewide, Black females and males are referred at higher rates than peers of other races. Males tend to be referred more often than females. 50% 46.8% 45% 40% 35% 30.7% 30% 32.8% 30.7% 30.0% 27.2% 25% 20% 18.0% 17.1% 18.1% 16.4% 16.5% 15% 9.0% 10% 5% 0% Females Males All Students Female Male Black or African American Female Male Multi-Racial 2013-2014 Female Male Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Female Male Other Minority Female White Male Statewide Referrals: Females 50% 45% 40% 35% Statewide Referrals: Males Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 In high-minority districts, Black students of both genders are also referred at higher rates than their peers of other races. 50% 47.8% 45% 40% 35% 30.6% 30% 31.9% 31.8% 29.3% 25.8% 25% 20% 17.9% 17.8% 17.3% 17.1% 16.7% 15% 9.1% 10% 5% 0% Females Males All Students Female Male Black or African American Female Male Multi-Racial 2013-2014 Female Male Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Female Male Other Minority Female White Male High-Minority Districts: Females 50% 45% 40% 35% High-Minority Districts: Males Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 Discipline Referrals by Race and SES We? Vir inia 1) ED UCATION i x: i Statewide, students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are referred more than their peers from more affluent backgrounds. Black students of any SES are referred at higher rates than other student groups. 50% 45% 40.6% 40% 35.1% 35% 30% 28.2% 25% 23.2% 22.4% 19.5% 20% 27.6% 26.8% 19.7% 19.1% 17.5% 15% 11.8% 10% 5% 0% Low SES Not Low SES All Students Low SES Not Low SES Black or African American Low SES Not Low SES Multi-Racial 2013-2014 Low SES Not Low SES Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Low SES Not Low SES Other Minority Low SES Not Low SES White Statewide Referrals: Low SES Statewide Referrals: Not Low SES 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 In high-minority districts, disciplinary referrals are higher for students of low SES. In SY16, Black students not of low SES were referred at higher rates than any group besides Black students of low SES. 50% 45% 41.7% 40% 36.4% 35% 30% 29.1% 25% 22.6% 21.6% 19.3% 20% 27.9% 26.4% 19.3% 18.6% 15.6% 15% 12.2% 10% 5% 0% Low SES Not Low SES All Students Low SES Not Low SES Black or African American Low SES Not Low SES Multi-Racial 2013-2014 Low SES Not Low SES Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Low SES Not Low SES Other Minority Low SES Not Low SES White High-Minority Districts: Low SES High-Minority Districts: Not Low SES 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 In-School Suspensions How do in-school suspension rates differ for students of different demographic groups? Statewide, Black students receive in-school suspension more often their peers of other races--at twice the rate or more in some cases. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 12.7% 7.2% 6.6% 6.5% 6.2% 14.7% 14.5% 5% 8.2% 7.9% 7.2% 6.8% 8.2% 8.0% 7.4% 7.0% 3.9% 3.4% 3.3% 0% 2013-2014 All Students White 2014-2015 Black or African American Multi-Racial 2015-2016 Hispanic or Latino Other Minority Statewide, use of in-school suspensions remained fairly stable from SY15 to SY16, with rates for Black students exceeding those for other groups. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 14.7% 12.7% 10% 5% 8.2% 8.0% 7.4% 7.0% 3.9% 7.2% 6.6% 6.5% 6.2% 3.3% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino All Students White Other Minority Compared to students in other groups, Black students receive in-school suspension more freqhently in the high minority districts. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 13.2% 7.2% 6.7% 15.1% 15.0% 5% 8.2% 8.4% 7.8% 7.1% 7.1% 7.2% 8.2% 8.3% 7.7% 7.0% 4.5% 3.4% 3.0% 0% 2013-2014 All Students White 2014-2015 Black or African American Multi-Racial 2015-2016 Hispanic or Latino Other Minority The aggregate in-school suspension data for high-minority districts essentially mirrors the statewide trends. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% Black or African 15.1% American Hispanic or Latino 8.3% 8.2% Multi-Racial 7.7% All Students 7.0% White 4.5% Other Minority 13.2% 7.2% 7.2% 7.1% 6.7% 3.0% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 In-school suspension rates for Black and White students (2015-2016) 0% Berkeley County Cabell County Fayette County Greenbrier County Hardy County Institutional Programs Jefferson County Kanawha County Marion County Mercer County Mineral County Monongalia County McDowell County Ohio County Pendleton County Raleigh County WVSDB 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% White Black or African American In-School Suspension by Race and Gender We? Vir inia 1) ED UCATION i x: I Statewide, Black females and males receive in-school suspension higher rates than their peers of other races. In general, males receive ISS at about twice the rate of females. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 18.3% 15% 10.1% 10% 5% 0% 10.8% 10.7% 9.7% 5.7% 5.5% 4.5% Females 10.2% 5.4% 2.5% Males All Students Female Male Black or African American Female Male Multi-Racial 2013-2014 Female Male Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Female Male Other Minority 4.2% Female White Male Statewide In-School Suspensions: Females 30% 25% Statewide In-School Suspensions: Males Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 The in-school suspension rate patterns observed at the state level are also apparent in high-minority districts. 40% 35% 30% 25% 18.7% 20% 15% 10.2% 10% 5% 0% 11.1% 10.5% 9.4% 6.1% 5.7% 5.0% Females 10.4% 5.8% 3.2% Males All Students Female Male Black or African American Female Male Multi-Racial 2013-2014 Female Male Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Female Male Other Minority 4.5% Female White Male High-Minority Districts: Females 30% 25% High-Minority Districts: Males Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 In-School Suspension by Race and SES We? Vir inia 1) ED UCATION i x: I Statewide, students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds receive in-school suspension at higher rates than their more affluent peers. Black students tend to receive in-school suspension at higher rates than their peers. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15.5% 15% 10% 12.4% 9.2% 8.7% 5.4% 5% 0% Low SES Not Low SES All Student 9.0% 6.9% 8.8% 6.2% 3.4% Low SES Not Low SES Black or African American Low SES Not Low SES Multi-Racial 2013-2014 Low SES Not Low SES Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Low SES 5.2% 4.2% Not Low SES Other Minority Low SES Not Low SES White Statewide In-School Suspensions: Low SES 30% 25% Statewide In-School Suspensions: Not Low SES Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 The in-school suspension rate patterns observed at the state level for students by race and SES are also apparent in high-minority districts. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 16.1% 15% 10% 12.5% 9.5% 8.4% 5.7% 5% 0% Low SES Not Low SES All Student 9.0% 7.3% 8.7% 6.7% 4.0% Low SES Not Low SES Black or African American Low SES Not Low SES Multi-Racial 2013-2014 Low SES Not Low SES Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Low SES 5.4% 4.6% Not Low SES Other Minority Low SES Not Low SES White High-Minority Districts: Low SES High-Minority Districts: Not Low SES 30% 25% Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 Out-of-School Suspensions How do out-of-school suspension rates differ for students of different demographic groups? Out-of-school suspension at the state level has a similar pattern as inschool suspension, with slightly higher rates for most groups. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 14.5% 7.6% 6.8% 6.4% 8.7% 7.3% 7.0% 5.4% 5% 16.7% 15.4% 8.5% 7.5% 7.1% 5.8% 2.5% 2.2% 1.9% 6.7% 0% 2013-2014 All Students White 2014-2015 Black or African American Multi-Racial 2015-2016 Hispanic or Latino Other Minority Out-of-school suspensions appear to be trending slightly upward for all student groups at the state level. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 14.5% 10% 7.6% 6.8% 6.4% 5.4% 1.9% 5% 0% 2013-2014 16.7% Black or African American Multi-Racial 8.5% All Students 7.5% White 7.1% Hispanic or Latino 6.7% Other Minority 2.5% 2014-2015 2015-2016 Suspension rates in high minority districts are slightly higher for some groups but have a similar pattern as in-school suspensions. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15.2% 15% 10% 5.6% 5% 9.2% 8.2% 7.5% 8.1% 7.8% 7.2% 17.5% 16.2% 9.0% 8.6% 7.9% 6.0% 6.9% 2.7% 2.3% 1.7% 0% 2013-2014 All Students White 2014-2015 Black or African American Multi-Racial 2015-2016 Hispanic or Latino Other Minority Similar modest, across-the-board upward trends in out-of-school suspensions appear in the high-minority districts. 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 15.2% 10% 8.1% 7.8% 7.2% 5.6% 5% 0% 17.5% Black or African American Multi-Racial 9.0% All Students 8.6% White 7.9% Hispanic or Latino 6.9% Other Minority 2.7% 1.7% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 Out-of-school suspension rates for Black and White students (2015-2016) 0% Berkeley County Cabell County Fayette County Greenbrier County Hardy County Institutional Programs Jefferson County Kanawha County Marion County Mercer County Mineral County Monongalia County McDowell County Ohio County Pendleton County Raleigh County WVSDB 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% White Black or African American Out-of?School Suspension by Race and Gender We? Vir inia 1) ED UCATION i x: I Statewide, both Black females and males are suspended out of school at higher rates than their peers. Black males are suspended at roughly twice the rate of other males. 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 21.9% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 10.5% 12.0% 10.9% 4.8% 4.3% Females Males All Students Female Male Black or African American Female 3.6% Male Multi-Racial 2013-2014 10.0% 9.7% Female 1.3% Male Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Female 3.7% Male Other Minority 4.0% Female White Male Statewide Out of School Suspensions: Females 30% 25% Statewide Out of School Suspensions: Males Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 Suspension patterns for males and females of different races are similar at the state-level and in high-minority districts. 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 22.6% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 11.9% 12.4% 11.8% 5.4% 5.1% Females Males All Students Female Male Black or African American Female 4.1% Male Multi-Racial 2013-2014 11.0% 9.6% Female 1.6% Male Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Female 3.8% Male Other Minority 4.5% Female White Male High-Minority Districts: Females 30% 25% High-Minority Districts: Males Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 Out-of?School Suspensions by Race and SES We? Vir inia 1) ED UCATION i x: I Statewide, students from low socioeconomic backgrounds receive out-ofschool suspension at higher rates than their more affluent peers. 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 18.0% 20% 15% 10% 13.0% 10.0% 9.4% 4.7% 5% 0% Low SES Not Low SES All Student Low SES Not Low SES Black or African American Low SES 6.2% Not Low SES Multi-Racial 2013-2014 9.5% 7.9% 4.4% Low SES Not Low SES Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 4.1% Low SES 4.5% 1.8% Not Low SES Other Minority Low SES Not Low SES White Statewide Out of School Suspensions: Low SES 30% 25% Statewide Out of School Suspensions: Not Low SES Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 Out-of-school suspension patterns in high-minority districts for students of different socioeconomic statuses are similar to state patterns. 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 18.8% 20% 15% 10% 10.1% Low SES Not Low SES All Student Low SES Not Low SES Black or African American Low SES Not Low SES Multi-Racial 2013-2014 10.9% 8.0% 6.2% 5.3% 5% 0% 13.7% 11.6% 4.5% Low SES Not Low SES Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 4.7% Low SES 4.9% 1.9% Not Low SES Other Minority Low SES Not Low SES White High-Minority Districts: Low SES 30% 25% High-Minority Districts: Not Low SES Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 Expulsions . West Vir ini Statewide, expulsion is a rarely-used action compared to other options. However, in the past two years, it has been used more frequently with Black students than with other groups. 2% 1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0% 0.0% 0.0% 2013-2014 All Students White 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 2014-2015 Black or African American Multi-Racial 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 2015-2016 Hispanic or Latino Other Minority Use of expulsions statewide appears to be trending slightly upward for Black students and multi-racial students while staying stable for other student groups. 2% 1% 0% 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 Black or African American Multi-Racial All Students White Expulsion, though rarely used by high-minority districts, it still used slightly more frequently with Black students than with other student groups. 2% 1% 0.5% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% 0% 2013-2014 All Students White 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 2014-2015 Black or African American 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% Multi-Racial 0.0% 2015-2016 Hispanic or Latino Other Minority Use of expulsions appeared to increase between SY15 and SY16 in highminority districts overall, with the increases for minority groups being slightly steeper than for White students. 2% 1% 0.5% 0% 0.2% 0.1% 2013-2014 2014-2015 0.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 2015-2016 Black or African American Multi-Racial All Students White Hispanic or Latino Other Miniority Expulsion rates for Black and White students (2015-2016) 0.0% Berkeley County Cabell County Fayette County Greenbrier County Hardy County Institutional Programs Jefferson County Kanawha County Marion County Mercer County Mineral County Monongalia County McDowell County Ohio County Pendleton County Raleigh County WVSDB 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% 3.5% 4.0% White Black or African American ExpulSiOn by Race and Gender We? Vir inia 1) ED UCATION ., i I . Statewide, expulsion is rarely used. In most years, there are few differences among groups based on gender and race. 2% 1% 0.4% 0.1% 0% Females 0.2% Males All Students 0.2% Female 0.1% Male Black or African American Female 0.2% Male Multi-Racial 2013-2014 0.2% 0.1% Female Male Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Female Male Other Minority Female White Male Statewide Expulsion: Females 2% Statewide Expulsion: Males Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 1% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 In high-minority districts, expulsion is rarely used, although the 2015-2016 school year appeared to see an increase in use, particularly for male students. Black makes had the highest rate of expulsion. 2% 1% 0.8% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.1% 0% Females Males All Students Female Male Black or African American Female Male Multi-Racial 2013-2014 0.3% 0.2% Female Male Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 0.1% Female Male Other Minority Female White Male High-Minority Districts: Females 2% High-Minority Districts: Males Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 1% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 ExpulSiOn by Race and SES We? Vir inia 1) ED UCATION ., i I . Statewide, expulsion is rarely used. In most years, there are few differences among groups based on race and SES. 2% 1% 0.2% 0% Low SES 0.3% 0.4% 0.3% 0.1% Not Low SES All Students 0.2% 0.1% Low SES Not Low SES Black or African American Low SES Not Low SES Multi-Racial 2013-2014 Low SES Not Low SES Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Low SES Not Low SES Other Minority Low SES 0.1% Not Low SES White Statewide Expulsion: Low SES 2% Statewide Expulsion: Not Low SES Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 1% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 In high-minority districts, expulsion is rarely used, as is the case at the state level. There are generally few differences between students of lower and higher socioeconomic backgrounds. 2% 1% 0.2% 0% Low SES 0.3% 0.4% 0.2% 0.1% Not Low SES All Students Low SES Not Low SES Black or African American Low SES 0.1% Not Low SES Multi-Racial 2013-2014 0.2% 0.1% Low SES Not Low SES Hispanic or Latino 2014-2015 2015-2016 Low SES Not Low SES Other Minority Low SES 0.1% Not Low SES White High-Minority Districts: Low SES 2% High-Minority Districts: Not Low SES Black or African American Multi-Racial Hispanic or Latino Other Minority White All Students 1% 0% 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016