The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration 128 THE ECONOMIC AND FISCAL CONSEQUENCES OF IMMIGRATION TABLE 3-15 Continued Any Welfare Cash Assistance State Immigrant Native Immigrant Native North Dakota 30.7 34.9 0.0 3.9 Ohio 66.5 44.2 4.6 7.8 Oklahoma 57.4 52.3 2.2 6.7 Oregon 51.9 44.3 4.9 6.7 Pennsylvania 46.2 42.2 3.8 6.5 Rhode Island 64.1 38.7 4.6 8.6 South Carolina 56.1 46.5 1.2 6.0 South Dakota 73.8 41.8 7.4 5.9 Tennessee 58.1 46.8 4.9 7.8 Texas 63.7 44.2 2.8 5.3 Utah 57.0 32.1 2.2 3.5 Vermont 57.5 52.5 8.9 7.7 Virginia 34.3 28.5 2.2 4.7 Washington 63.5 41.7 7.1 4.3 West Virginia 27.1 49.9 20.3 8.5 Wisconsin 67.9 36.9 5.7 4.8 Wyoming 56.9 35.8 0.0 4.3 TOTAL 58.2 41.8 5.5 6.3 NOTES: Current Population Survey data for 2011, 2012, and 2013, restricted to households with at least one child under the age of 18. Immigrant households are based on the head of household’s immigrant status (where the head of household is considered immigrant if they are not a citizen or are a naturalized citizen). “Any welfare” encompasses cash assistance (SSI and Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration 129 SOCIOECONOMIC OUTCOMES OF IMMIGRANTS Food Assistance Housing Immigrant Native Immigrant 21.5 23.9 2.3 55.9 34.9 3.3 43.8 39.3 44.4 33.2 Medicaid Native Immigrant Native 6.6 21.5 25.2 5.5 55.8 35.1 0.0 4.8 48.8 41.4 33.6 3.1 3.9 39.6 36.2 28.3 2.0 5.4 34.6 36.2 51.3 27.7 10.8 9.6 50.2 33.4 44.0 37.9 2.0 5.0 35.7 35.2 56.6 33.0 15.8 8.4 61.1 33.9 43.2 35.5 7.8 4.1 45.1 39.4 55.2 34.6 1.8 5.8 45.6 33.9 47.7 24.6 5.4 3.4 33.9 20.1 33.1 31.0 21.2 4.6 47.7 47.9 24.1 21.1 1.4 5.3 27.0 21.8 52.8 30.4 8.7 3.8 55.2 33.2 10.3 37.6 6.4 4.3 27.1 40.5 59.2 25.8 1.7 3.2 50.4 32.4 46.3 24.4 4.0 5.1 48.5 29.0 45.3 30.6 4.2 5.3 45.7 33.8 TANF), food assistance (WIC, free or reduced-price school lunch, and food stamps), housing assistance (public housing and rent subsidies), and Medicaid. SSI = Supplemenal Security Income; TANF = Temporary Assistance for Needy Families; WIC = Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. SOURCE: Panel’s calculations from Current Population Survey 2011-2013 data. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.