FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 6 Page 3 b3; b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Page 4 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Page 5 b6; b7C; b7D; Page 7 b6; b7C; b7D; Page 8 b6; b7C; b7D; Page 9 b6; b7C; b7D; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 6 Page 3 b3; b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Page 4 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Page 5 b6; b7C; b7D; Page 7 b6; b7C; b7D; Page 8 b6; b7C; b7D; Page 9 b6; b7C; b7D; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page 0? FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION Precedence: ROUTINE Date: 11/25/1997 To: Criminal Investigative Attn: Financial Crimes Section Health Care Fraud Unit Room 3849 Attn: SSAI From: New York C-33 Contact: SA X3392 Approved By: Drafted By: Case ID (Pending) Title: ILLEGAL SALE OF ORGANS FOR 00: NEW YORK Synopsis: Summary of investigation to date. Details:? For information of FBIHQ, on 10/20/97, captioned matter was referred to the NYC by the United States Attorneys Office? Southern District of New York (USAO) after the airing of PRIME TIME LIVE (PTL) episode on 10/15/97. The PTL episode indicated that individuals in the Peoples Republic of China were improperly obtaining organs from executed prisoners and transplanting them for profit into individuals in Europe, the United States and possibly other countries. b6 b7C b7D b6 b7C b7D FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 2 Page 12 b3; b6; b7C; b7D; Page 14 b6; b7C; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 2 Page 12 b3; b6; b7C; b7D; Page 14 b6; b7C; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page 2mm,? NV 2L93qsno1993a) V: Q) b7C FD-302 (Rev. 10-6-95) -1- FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION Date of transcription 1 7 97 168 Founta' Bleu CQurt,M11p1tas, Calwiggignge?, t/??lephone nf?ber (4?08) 262 0219 Date foggirth February 8, EH93W SQC Secur1ty_Account Number 556? 87? 1733, was conEaCted telephonic?fay to arrange for an in erview. traveled to New York and was interviewed at the United States Attorney?s Office, Southern District of New York, One St. Andrews Plaza, New York, New York. Present were Assistant United States Attorneys Iandl kfor a ortion of the interview), and Special Agent (SAJI I Federal Bureau of Investigation. .After being advised of the identities of the interviewing individuals and the purpose of the interview, WU provided the following: WU advised that he had been incarcerated in a Chinese prison from 1960 to 1979 and said he was aware of approximately one prisoner execution per year. WU advised transplants in China?, began in approximately 1979 and the organs transplanted were primarily kidneyS. WU advised that it is a Chinese tradition to bury the ?whole? body and transplants were uncommon. He also advised that China does not have an organ donation program similar to the United States, for instance, if a person is involved in an accident and declared ?brain dead?. WU stated the Chinese Government has the right to take organs for medical reasons (for money) and that it is a National policy. WU referred to a 1984 document, initially a secret document, that stated organs can be-taken if a body was uncollected, the individual gave consent or if the family of the individual consented. WU advised it is also a Chinese tradition that prisoners are usually denounced by their families. ?A.Chinese physician, now living in Germany, once told WU that he had.removed two kidneys from a prisoner, prior to the priso?gr being executed. The prisoner was executed the following day. This physician told WU where the hospital was that this occurred and WU went there osing as a wealthy American. An individual named posed as his spouse. They told the hospital they needed an organ and they were told they had to wait Wei} ,w?i 7 at NEWEY mm# 209Arl?Y'26?'in}; This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency; it and its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. Investigation on Date dictated . (Rev. 10-6-95) 209?bl?Y1263956 Continuation of FD-302 of Harrv Wu On 1 1/3/97 Page 2 until the next execution. WU was told the cost would be $30,000, cash only. WU to three other hospitals with the same story and saw some patients on the ward. He said the patients were very sick and were very grateful the doctors were helping them. He felt like he shouldn?t expose this. WU said the Chinese Government was upset with him. In the United States, WU had a friend in the New York area who saw an a vertisement in THE WORLD JOURNAL (East Edition), on May7%6, 1997, regarding kidney transplants in China. The advertise ent ran or one month. WU and hisl icalled the tele hon number in the paper. The number belonged'tol iand WU trgped an address of Connecgiput, the telep?one number. pd?fd5as DAVIEVLING, a wealthy businessman wh se brother~in? law,d?speratelyfheeded a kidney to live. WU's posed as his? ife. not give up a information ?iegarding China before money had been paid b6 After several telephone with b7C The meeting took place at the ESSEX HOUSE in New York, New York and was filmed by a hidden camera placed in the hotel room by ABC. ABC had been contacted by WU after several telephone calls had been made filmed the meetings and portions were later shown on PRIME TIME LIVE. told he needed a medical report of her brother so her brother could be matched with a patient in there were many to choose from and not to worry about the quality of the organ. WU and his prepared a medical file of a person with kidney disease and provided it their first meeting. WU was not a part of the meeting, he was in the adjoining room while I met I WU was watching the meeting on a camera in the adjoining room, also quipped with audio. I:Ihad told the cost wou" be $30,000 and a $5,000 deposit would need be paid (in cab initially and the balance paid to in China, not the doctors. also provided the name of Last Ngge 4 (Rev. 10-6-95) 209?rl?Y2263956 Continuation of FD-302 of Harm Wu On 11/3/97 Page 3 telephone number who lives inl I Ias an individu: he helped also said there was another/individual in he helped but did not provide any identifying informationJ I provided this information hen asked him for references. then received a telephone call froml I and said that everyt/h'ng was ready and that hisl I would accompany brother? in? law to China. The surgery was scheduled for July 28, that provide her brother?s address to him but said he was in Paris, provided the name of hospital in China, a telephone number and a contact person in China. WU said they would buy an airline ticket China. After at a second meeting in the same hotel, she asked him to sign a receipt which also asked for his Social Security Account Number, Passport Number and Driver?s License the he would take care of everything. a signal or cue to bring in WU and BRIAN ROSS, an ABC employeerhich she utilized. WU and ROSS then came in to the room and confrontedl hbout selling or ans of executed he had been asked WU not to expose him. In China, the Middle Court sentences a prisoner and the Supreme Court approves the decision. The Supreme Court is the final decision and the sentence is then ratified. The sentence is not announced to the prisoner. After the sentence is ratified, it is sent back to the detaining facility. The security police hold this information and wait for a political opportunity or a medical reason to execute the prisoner. The medical tests have already been conducted to match a prisoner with a patient. The prisoner is then matched to a recipient. After a prisoner is matched, the execution takes place. Chinese executions occur in public to help keep social b6 b7C . (Rev. 10-6-95) 209Ab$?Yl263956 Continuation of FD-302 of HarnLWu . On 1 1/3 97 7 . Page 4 order and educate the public to show the power of a dictatorship. The executions are generally held before a holiday. The individuals to be executed are selected and the verdict is publicly announced the day of the execution. A Thai doctor put WU in touch with several Thai patients. WU spoke to a female patient who stated she had traveled to China on January 7, 1993 and had a kidney transplant on January 9, that 45 prisoners were executed that same day. W.R. GRACE set up a dialysis center at the NAN FUNG HOSPITAL in China which was IW.R. GRACE, now living in Itelephone numberl I had been contacted by ABC regardin the dialysis center and the b5 transplanting of frequent trips to China b7C October of 1996. told ABC, according to WU, that using the organs was common knowledge and he was aware of preparing the patients to receive the organs of prisoners. to monitor the dialysis center, his last trip took place in The money received for the organ transplants goes to the Chinese government. Out of that money, the courts and police are paid. A physician now living in I told WU he participated in removing organs from executed prisoners in a surgical vehicle at the execution site. WU said Hong Kong has the largest number of transplants. He also said there are no negotiations regarding the cost of the transplant operation. II .: US. Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation me0J%%eM%r 26 Federal Plaza New York, New York 10278 December 18, 1997 U.S. Food and Drug Administration Office of Criminal Investigations 10 Exchange Place Suite 804: Jersey City, NJ 07302 Attn: SSA SA Dear Sirs: This letter is in response to your office becoming involved in the investigation concerning the illegal sale of organs for transplant in China. For your information, on 10/20/97, this matter was referred to the New York Office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (NYC) by the United States Attorneys Office? Southern District of New York (USAO) after the airing of PRIME TIME LIVE (PTL) episode on lO/15/97. The PTL episode indicated that individuals in the Peoples Republic of China were improperly obtaining organs from executed prisoners and transplanting them for profit into individuals in Europe, the United States and possibly other countries. b6 b7C ?w r? 253:1- . b6 b7C b7!) b6 b7C b7D '0 3 (jb_ SAC, Seattle Encs. SAC Honorable Linda A. Smith mu House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 s?w Dear Congresswoman Smith: Your October 17th correspondence to Attorney General Janet Reno, also signed by Congressman Frank R. Wolf, was referred to the FBI for reply. You referred to a television program that featured a story on the sale of body organs that are allegedly taken from executed criminal prisoners in China, and you inquired whether any federal laws exist making it illegal to buy or sell such organs in the United States. The FBTs Office of General Counsel has advised that the sale of a human body organ may be a violation of U.S. Code, Title 42, Section 274e, the National Organ Transplant Act, which 1, states??..It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly acquire, receive, or otherwise transfer any human organ for WW valuable consideration for use in human transplantation if the af?y transfer affects interstate commerce." Any person who violates this subsection is subject to a $50,000 fine and/or up to 5 years?imprisonment. Since the incidents depicted on the referenced television program could be a violation falling within the FBFs investigative jurisdiction, this matter has been referred to our New York Office, which is working closely with the U.S. Attornefs Office, Southern District of New York. It should be noted that the Office of Inspector General, Department of Health and Human Services, has previously con? ducted investigations regarding the sale of reusable body organs and may have investigative interest in the activities depicted on television. ADIC, New York Enos. Mr. Gallagher (7116) Encs. (3849) Encs. Attn: 1 4 (5042) Enos. be Attn: b7C CAO (7240) FBICR (6242) - Enc. 62C-HQ-1077226 a4 NOTE: Reply coordinated with Health Care Fraud Unit, an?l CID. Legal opinion furnished to b Investi ative BHM: FILED 4g DESEEQIQST Vn?h' guards precisely lining up their guns at the 7base of the; skull. That makes retrieval of and organs much oasicr. And Dr. iGuttman says certain medical preparations :bcgin before: the execution. Dr. RONAIJ) Gm:1hefre given anti-coagulanr drugs so tho blood .wou?t clot when they're executed. They?re g1 van mus'clc relaxants. ROSS (voice?over): And then, with a large crowd watching, the @0de is given. SOLDIER: Fire! Dr. ZHOU CHENG {pix} {through A?er the excitation, doctors Emoved the prisoner and placed him in :thc ambulance. ROSS [voice-over): A Chincsc ?oater, Zhou Wei Chang, Who now lives told us what happens one: tho p?soncrs are dead, based on what he saw ?t his hospital j?ust before he ?ed China in 1994. br. ZHOU WEI CHENG (through grammar): ?rst; there was a on: from the back to extract the kidneys- Dr. Chen {oh} from the surgical also took out the eyeballs and a piece of skin f?'om the dead prisoner?s abdomen. The bnhopodist out our on: scotion of the bone from the lower log. All the cxu'aczed organs ?are placed in a spacial kind of liquid to maintain the Thou they rushed back to the hospital. In the hospital, Mo patients were lying on the operating table waiting for the spirits. Whon tho unbulmoo arrived, . kidneys wan: placed into the patient: bodics. All tho othor 01'ng were only for iabomlory oxpc?mmts. ID: I PAGE 7/1. ocr-17?97 15:35 FROM: '1 .about to be sold. But if}: tape shows WU Former Poutical Prisonerl: The rifle: right away placed' :12 the back; BRIAN ROSS (voice-over}: The: graphic tape was? rcmovcd from military archives ?nd smuggled out of China by an undergrotnd group of dissidents and provided 0 anc?l? 1m: Live by a former political prisoner who :3me almost 19 . years in at Chinese prison mud has becomc China's loos: outspoken and despised critic Harry Wu- HARRY: WU: This is ?mdamenml violation {human rights. BRIAN OSS (voice?over): For the: last thrce ycars, Wu has bccu traveling the world uyi?ng to ?pose the black markot in prisoners? :body parts, which Wu says has spread Asia to Europe and now to the Unites! States, as he showed us with a room: copy of a Chinese Imguagc published in New York. HARRY i:W 113165 a small piece adveniscrircnt ugh: hero. BRIAN Ross (on camera): What docs that say? 5 HARRY "Kidney transplant in Mainland? China. Don't miss tho opporamifj'. Call.? BRIAN ROSS (voice-over): So we did. Our call :to the advertised number in Bridgeport. Connocticm led to this meeting 14 a New York City hotel with a Chinese doctor and his wife, a Dr. and Mrs- Dal, Mm .. with our hidden cameras rolling - iold us they had already helped provide kidneys for several Americans but, that oceans: of Harry Wu, eVeryrhing had to be Kept very quiet. Dr.' (through translator}: You'v probably heard of Harry Wu. I have 0 be carcful because people 15:38 FROM: . calling us might have the same agenda as Harry Wu. We are ?zlly aware of the sensitive nature of this issue. - Usually we don?t talk about this. ROSS (voicwver): With the help of a woman who works With Harry gWo, we told the Chinese doctor that a kidney was needed for a sick brother. The idoctor told us no problem, that he knew, a gnomh in advance, that a new batch of prisoners? kidneys would soon be available. Dr. {through translator): At the end of July, there will de?nitely be Iddney sources that will march you: brother's simaiion, in age and everything. If you are willing to go there wound the 20th of July to receive a. kidney from the July batch pm ROSS total price for a transplanted kidney. according to Dr. Dai, $30,000 in cash, with a domgament to be made in New York. Mrs. DAI- (throu'gb translator): If you decide to go ahead with this, then you pay us 35 H000 and we will order and reserve a kidney and a bed In the hospital. BRIAN ROSS (voice-over): The hospital we were to be sent to is a hosoital iyhieh, as the sign outside in English says, {wings to the PLA, the Peeples? Liberation Army, called the Nanfang ?ospital, three hours north ofHong Kong- Flo came here as touzisrs, given the Chinese denial that it's in the business of selling organs of executed ??soners, and we asked two Chinese dissidents to carry a hidden camera inside- His is the heart of the militmys iodney business, an elaborate medical ?omplex when: patients told _us numerous - . PAGE 8/ 1 2 foreigners had just received or Were waiting gm roceive kidney tranmlamg among of foreigners who have received {kidneys here in the last few years. APPLE YOONUCH. Transplant Patient: just talked to the BRIAN USS (voice?over): One of them was 38-year-old Apple Yoonuch of Bangkokl APPLE .OONUCH: First time, I asked the doct ?Where, can I get a kidney?? And they said, ?From a prisoner. BRIAN IROSS is now in her body, and even th it saved he:- life, the expe?enc has left Ms. Yoonuch full of regret an zvvilling to 13.11: With Prime'fime, breaking 'he circle of silence that has surround what goes on at the Ndnfang military hospital. First, she said, doctors in China; took her blood and tissue samples then sent her home to wait. APPLE .OONUCH: Third of January, the ducted called me that map: will be an execution. It means that prisoners, some prisoners going to be shot dead. BRIAN SS (on camera): And one of them mat neupwith you? APPLE OONUCH: Yes. So {have to come ov and prepare myself to be -- to get the tion, kidney operation. BRIAN ROSS (voice-over): Six days later, according to the local paper, 45 prisoners Were sentenced to death and eXecuted on the same day, including one who appaicmly, even before he had boon seaweed; death, was found to have the same blo and tissue type as Apple Yoonuch.? - 4 .m 1 wall 15:37 FRQH: 1 .t :has expanded around the world, continues {to deny any such business normally exists. I In a letter to Pzichime, the Chinese Embassy in Washington suggested We stop of our story saying, "The so- goalied the sale of cziminzls' organs in :China is a deliberate ?szication with in jutentions." And that In the rare instance :iwhen a prisoner's organ is used. the death grow criminals voluntariiy sign up. Dr. Gum-man says that makes a rm?ockezy of international principles adapted in the wake of Nazi medical foxpe?mentt Dr. RONALD Theres no 2511611 thing as, ?rst of 3H, as of consent :whm you?re talking about incarcerated people to say, ?Well, we can produce a piece of paper that the psisoner has given :eonsent before we kill him," is a kind of ludicrous thing. BRIAN ROSS (voice?over): No other in the world is blown to use the ?2:ng of pdsonem, except for China, Web, based on our P?meTime Live investigation appears to have tamed its .ehi?ing execuzions of thousands of people into a multimillion dollar black market of {c kind the world has never seen. DIANE SAME: The U.S. State Wm! says that it has received reports in me {past about organs from prisoners bcing sold: but could not con?m: them. They told us they were eager to see our story tonight and willgtalk with Harry Wu ANEOUNCER: Murder in Mississiypi. Now? the details of consyimoy you haven?t heaid. In a town of churches, officials worry zoom-a demonic cult. .BILL SLADE, Pear! Police Chief: is some evidence that these people i .- lw 1D: Wen: involved in some type of satanic worshipi ANNOUNCER: Pius, he?s Alex now but he grew up as Mice. What's it like IiVing as a man in a quan?s body when PrimeTime continues. I (Comerdalleak) Murder In Mississippi momenta: Primc?fime Now ?om Washin on, 832:: Donaldson. SAM DON DSON, ABC News: It has happened fore. of 'eomse- Life in smalltown crica shatuered by senseless vioienee. we all know by now. it happened ag?n two weeks ago in Pearl. a town in the hem of Mississippi. A high school student is accused of going on a murderous nippagc. But this a e, while the town was reeling ?rm: that '6 news, no one was Watching for the ems ing news about the land. Six more toonag 5 arrested, as we hear stories of a secret society with plans to Hi1 again- has exclusi'm new details as thedPoaple of Pearl try to cope with their griefan {search for mswers. (Finn BOB FEE, Victim's Father: It was ash pic. I: was an air of disbelief. No one ted to believe this has sexually happened. JAY 5 LEE, ABC News (voice over}; I Peed, Mississippi, the night seems a little darker. Madness a touch closer the?! ever before. (on camejra) To say this small town of 22,000 has: been unmasked doesn't begin to do justice to What?s happening here. One teenager?s rampage has led to the arrest of .six other students. all charged ?i :1 A 6? FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (12k11/I995) Precedence: ROUTINE Date: 11/04/1997 To: New York Attn: Financial Management Unit New York C-33 Contact: Frdm: SA X3392 Approved By: Drafted By: Case ID (Pending) Title: ILLEGAL SALE OF ORGANS FOR 00: NEW YORK Synopsis: Request for payment from case funds. Details: This investigation was predicated upon airing of a Prime Time Live television program which indicated that subjects in the People's Republic of China (primarily the LIBERATION ARMY or PLA) were improperly and illegally obtaining bodily organs from executed prisoners and selling them for transplant. The program indicated that, in some cases, prisoners were selected for execution based upon tissue matching that indicated their organs were desirable for transplant following their conviction for crimes but prior to their sentencing. The individual primarily responsible for the information in this program was HARRY WU. WU was asked by the New York Office of the FBI and the U.S. Attorney?s Office? Southern District of New York, to travel to New York to be interviewed and he agreed. WU incurred expenses of (airfare from Providence, RI to New York, New York and cab fare) for the interview which took place on 11/3/97. An additional is requested to urcgase a money order. It is requested that an amount ofl .be expended from case funds to cover this expense. Balance as of 11/4/97 Payment Balance after payment rm WITHNEXT ru May/?7? . b6 b7C b7E . N?l 193?? hi5 FEDERAL BUREAU (12/31/1995) OF INVESTIGATION Balance as of 1/9/98 Payment requested Balance after payment 60 FBI on 11/3/97 at the request of writer recei ts for travel expenses totaling paid. to cover the majority of expenses. that be expended from case funds to reimburse WU. Precedence: ROUTINE Date: 01/09/1998 To: New York Attn: Financial Management Unit From: New York C-33 Contact: SAI x3392 b6 Approved By: b7c Drafted By: Case ID (Pending) Title: ILLEGAL SALE OF ORGANS FOR 00: NEW YORK Synopsis: Request for payment from case funds. Details: HARRY WU, who traveled to the New York Office of the submitted additional WU was previously It is requested b?7E SEARCHED WBEXE smmno JAN 09199 .. b6 . (12/31/1995) . . FEDERAL BUREAU OF Precedence: ROUTINE Date: 01/22/1998 To: San Francisco From: New York i Contact: SA X3392 1 roved By: afted By: b6 b7C Case ID 209A?NY?263956??(Pending) Title: UNSUBS aka ILLEGAL SALE OF ORGANS FOR 00: NEW YORK Synopsis: Reimbursement of funds expended by HARRY WU. "im Previous Title: ILLEGAL SALE OF ORGANS FOR 00: NEW YORK Enclosures: 1. One International Money Order 235 3105 225 in the amount b7E 3. One receipt to be signed by WU and returned to 1 New York after payment is made. 2. One Chase Money Order 0035015918 in the amount Details: Captioned investigation was initiated after the airing of ABGs PRIME TIME LIVE on 10/15/97 which indicated that individuals in the Peoples Republic of China were improperly obtaining organs from executed prisoners and transplanting them for profit into individuals residing in Europe, the United States and other countries. All the transplant operations took place in China. HARRY WU was responsible for developing the information which lead to ABCs involvement and the taping of several meetings which occurred in New York. WU is not a target or subject of this investigation. ?On 11/3/97, at the request of the New York Office of the FBI and the United States Attorneys Office-Southern District of New York, WU traveled to New York for an interview related to To: San Francisco?From: New York Re: 01/22/1998 captioned matter. 9 To: San Franciscc?From: New York Re: 01/22/1998 LEAD (3): Set Lead 1: SAN FRANCISCO AT MILPITAS, CALIFORNIA 1. Locate HARRY WU at 168 Fountain Bleu Court, Milpitas, California, telephone number (408) 262?0219 and provide enclosed money orders. 2. Have WU sign enclosed receipt, in his true name, and return same to New York Division. 00 FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 2 Page 2 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Page 3 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 2 Page 2 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Page 3 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 2 b6; b7C; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 2 b6; b7C; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 3 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 3 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 5 b6; b7C; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 3 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 3 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 5 b6; b7C; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 3 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 2 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 3 b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 3 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 2 b6; b7C; b7E; Page 3 b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET 1350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; 16 b7D; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7D; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7D; b7E; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET 1355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; 16 b7D; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7D; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7E; b7D; b7E; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET 1350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page 9 10 ll 12 13 b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET 1355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page 9 10 ll 12 13 b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b6; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; b7C; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l350078-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION DELETED PAGE INFORMATION SHEET l355666-0 Total Deleted Page(s) 2 Page 1 b6; b7C; b7D; b7E; Deleted Page(s) No Duplication Fee For this Page (01/26/1998) . . FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION Precedence: ROUTINE Date: 03/16/2000 To: Criminal Investigative Attn: SSAI I HCF UNIT From: NEW YORK CRIMINAL Contact: I Approved By: N??afted By: Case ID (Closed) Title: ILLEGAL SALE OF ORGANS FOR TRANSPLANT: 00: NEW YORK b6 Synopsis: Closing of captioned case. b7C Enclosures: Enclosed for FBI HQ are one (1) original and four (4)copies of Letter Head Memorandum regarding captioned case. Details: On November 1, 1999 a motion of NOLLE PROSEQUI was filed by USA Mary JO White, with the UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT, Southern District of New York to dispose of the captioned matter with respect to the In November 2, 1999, the NOLLE PROSEQUI was signed by United States District Judge, the Honorable DEBORAH A. BATTS and the indictment against the defendants was dismissed. See enclosed LHM for details. As no further investigation needs to be done in this matter it is considered closed. 3 If?; A I, 3 Z'iu??nrtfi?? 233,3 H: -5~00 535:0. ., 4.59WITHIT x? - 4- . . ?Il?0mm?? 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(Indicate page, name of AQU) [{0de newspaper, city and state.) ?3&0 a' a hm: i? wbmd?? ?Wmm '9 Date: 521% I Edition: METRO Title: iti?gd SOME yf'zbr'SCULS 5 Character: or i: Ciassi?cation: absqg? Submitting Office: Indexing: b6 b7C 5029? 520 M: Mr 24, sc?acszo 'eaaxea .. sigmzenigeo LIL ,2 MAY 819986,?? 12k: .. ;1 UPLDABED WI TH: x) BY have expected big ?4 ranew. WW. nu Vt TWO Accused of Offering Executed Inmates Organs Continued From Page tlvist, Harry Wu, who said in an interview that he secretly videotaped a meeting with Mr. Wang on Feb. 13 in which Mr. Wang first discussed kidney transplants. Mr. Wu, identified in the complaint only as Person A, added that Mr. Wang also said he could guarantee access to the organs of at least 50 of the 200 prisoners executed on the island province of Hainan each year. Mr. Wu said Mr. Wang told him that the kidney transplant operations would cost $20,000 to $30,000 at Chi- nese hospitals, much less than they would cost in American hospitals. The State Department said in-a recent report that there have been credible allegations from human rights groups and former Chinese inmates that the organs of some exe- cuted prisoners have been removed and sold. Mr. Wu, who Spent 19 years in Chinese labor camps for criticiz- ing China's leadership and is now an American citizen, has been urging the Clinton Administration for sev- eral years to put pressure on the Chinese Government to halt the practice. Despite a scattering of press re- ports suggesting that people from other Asian countries have eagerly sought such transplants, the Chinese Government has long denied that the practice is widespread. Chinese offi- cials contend that the transplants occur on a limited basis, and only when the prisoners or their families have given their consent. But Mr. Wu said Mr. Wang disput- ed this in one of their conversations, saying that prisoners generally ?have no political rights. so we don't ask.? A State Department spokes- man said yesterday that ?we're not- urally concerned about these allega- tions, and we? re looking into it.? Mr. Wu. and other rights activists. including Amnesty International of London, also have eitpressed concern that as the number of death.sen- tences rises in China, to an estimated A suspect is said to pro?ts in corneas. .6 000 a year, even people convicted of .crinies robbery and counterfeit- ing are being sentenced to death, and this could help expand the?tracie in body parts. The press office at the Chinese Embassy in Washington did not return a call for comment yester- day. Mr. Wang and Mr. Fu were charged with conspiring to sell hu- man organs, a practice that is illegal under Federal law, which requires that any organs used in transplants be donated. The Federal complaint did not say whether Mr. Wang, who has been in the United States since May 1997, had arranged any sales or transplants, and law enforcement of- ficials would not discuss that or whether they had verified that Mr. Wang had been a Chinese official. initial court records offered few details about the two defendants, who were arrested on Friday and taken on Saturday before a Federal magistrate judge in Manhattan. The magistrate ordered both men held without bond until further proceed- ings this week. At a hearing yesterday, Marcia R. Isaacson, an assistant United States attorney, said Mr. Fu and his wife were Chinese citizens. Court papers Evidence of a thriving but illicit trade in body parts. said Mr. Fu earned $600 a month from a laundry he operates in Queens. After the hearing, the magistrate, Ronald L. Ellis, ordered Mr. Fu re? leased on $100,000 bond. Mr. Fu's lawyer, David B. Levitt, declined to comment. Mr. u?s wife, Susan, said: - ?They wronged him. He never did i any illegal thing." Mr. Wang's lawyer, Oliver A. Smith, declined to comment other than to say that ?we act on the assumption that the Constitution still works and he's presumed innocent." Mr. Wang, who is scheduled to appear in court tomorrow for a bail hearing. listed himself in a court financial disclosure form as unem- ployed and said that he had about $3,000 in savings. Mr. Wu said he got involved in the case after hearing about Mr. Wang from someone he would not identify. Mr. Wu said he arranged to meet Mr. Wang on Feb. 13 in a suite at the San Carlos Hotel in Manhattan. Mr. Wu, who posed as a director of a dialysis center, said that Mr. Wang showed him documents Indicating that he had been the deputy chief of criminal prosecutions for Hainan Province. An associate of Mr. Wu said Mr. Wang said he was on leave and would return to that job. With a friend?s video camera tap- ing the meeting from inside a box, Mr. Wu said he signed a contract agreeing to supply Mr. Wang with a commission of 25 percent of the costs of each kidney transplant. Mr Wu then called the which taped a telephone conversa- tion betWeen a second informant and Mr. Wang on Feb. 17. According to the Federal complaint, Mr. Wang said in this conversation that he and Mr. Fu expected to earn a big profit the saie of the corneas. The F.B. It brought its. sting io- a gulch close on Friday, when an ageni who lntrodtice'd ?himself as another directorial the dialysis center: met with? both Mr, ?Jain; and Mr, Fu. As part of his marketing pitch Mr. Fu assured the- agent that any lungs they supplied "would come from nonsmokers," the complaint said. The issue of transplanting organs from executed Chinese prisoners has been of great concern to the intema- tional transplant community, said Ronald M. Ferguson, chairman of the department of surgery at Ohio State University Medical Center and president of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons. He and other American doctors said yesterday that even with the most sophisticated medical technol- ogy, organs like kidneys, which are in great demand worldwide, would survive only a short time and would need to be transplanted quickly. But the doctors said it would be possible to ship corneas long distances. Mr. Wu said most of the kidney transplants so far in China have been done in military and other Govern- ment-run hospitals. ?if they don't have a national poll- cy. no one could make it available." he said. ?So the Chinese Government is responsible for all these inhuman ?practices!? Fill-350 (Rev. 5-8-81) (Mount Clipping In Space Below) 5:0 (Indicate page, name of newspaper. city and state.) bod M9103 DAILY NEWS Wednesday, February 25, 1998 ay ease 'D?ally News Staff Writer A former Chinese prosecm tor hawking body :parts coldly signed. a contract to sell kid- neys taken l?r?om executed iri- mates, saida humanrightsac- tivist who helped"snare the suspect in aifederal sting. Cheng Yong Wang spoke ?like a: butcher in a grocery store selling meat,? said Har- ry- Wu, who:.posed? asa dialysis clinic? of?cial Feb. 13 to se- vcretly?re?ord Wang and an ac- complice charged with ped- dlingtkidneysandcorneas. deg and Xingqi. Fu= were Charged Monday i?vith illegally traf?ckingin body parts. Fu, a Queens laundry o?wner, was released yesterday on $100,000 bond, while Wang is- set to request bail today in Manhattan Federal Court ?Wu, a renowned Chinese dissident, also said the FBI tvas investigating. two or more New York 'City doctors be- nlieved-?to be involved in organ sales. He declined to say whether he recorded? conver- the doctors. and ?business 'is?husiness. An FBI spokesman could not be reached for cemment Marvin Smilon, a spokesman for Manhattan US. Attorney? Marylin White, wouldr?vonly say theinvestigationcontinues. . Wu, who met for two hours with Wang on Feb. 13 at the San-Carlos Hotel in midtown, said 1163- was shocked by the" suspect?s chilly disposition. ?He say, ?Well, so, what?? He tried; tosay1 ?The thingiis?okay,1 nb problem at all: Idon?tvmind, doing'it,? Wu. recalled; ?Nothing bothered him He' makes money from the body parts, He says it?s ethical; legal He'said Wangpr?e'sentedtdoc- .uments and. ,photo identi?ca- tionrshowing'heWas a prosecu- tor on Hainan- Island in China whosupervised executions. - ?fl?hat guy is a prosecutor! He. has two bloody hands,? said Wu, who Spent 19 years ?imprisoned in Chinese labor camps as a political dissident. ?He told me, ?No {prob- lem. . . . I control the execu-: tion? and- Ivan; ablertO?do it.? 'He [saidhe had] donelthis around. 30,. 40times,??Wu said: 5,232?; 0 UPLQADED a. if} BY i, DATE it} 9 I f- EL"vi" Date: Edition: Wastes Fer?i'i'unsp (MT Character: or Classification: Submitting Office: New oriC, Mr, PTItle: autism Sale- (slogans Indexing: ?uv DEXED ll FD . 199 7 b6 b?7C I meandataes?t? 3dr? 20 M1234, '5 5 i. wk . . it?! Wt .. Miriam ww- F0350 (Rev. 58.81) (Mount Clipping In Space Below) i. .nr't?rs'ftin ?In! mermaid. {indicate page, name of newspapii: city and state.) UPLOABE \Mn moor. BY 't . DATE ?3 ai?ZbiCiL-i 134' WW 1 8 1998 lac-i 207* inserts 321% Date: Edition: elusive WEIRD or Classi?cation: Submitting Ot?ce: mt?l'imes Now not my. 9,334 We nus?Em Sale 09030141.? of!" Character: consumerism a ran?? a: saw 11 us, THE NEW YORK TIMES METRO WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25, i998 GiTi Arrests Pu tFocuson Human Organs From Chir?ta By ERIK ECKHOLM BEIJING, .Feb 24 -- However it . plays out in the criminal justice sys- tem. the arrest in New York of two Chinese citizens on charges of crin- -spl'rlng to sell human organs has drawn attention to prac- tices inside China that have long drawn criti- cism from Western hit- News Analysis man rights advocates The two arrested then Ch?ng Yong Wang, who claimed the a for- mer criminal prosecutor from Chi- na? 5 Hainan Province, anti" Xingql Fu, who lives in Flushing, Queens were said to haveoflered to arrange for kidney transplants inside China ahd to export corneas and other body parts to the United State's. According to a court papers filed in New York. the men said' the organs. would come . from executed prisoners. Asked today to comment on the charges, the spokesman for China' Foreign Ministry said the Chinese Government "has repeatedly stated clearly that such an incident should never happen in China." "Should it occur he said. ?the relevant departments will punish people according to the law. The spokesman Zhu regulation. But the practice that gave reso- nance to the New York charges and has fueled global ethical debate - ihc everyday use of executeti prison- Bangzhao. was presumably referring to the overt sale of organs,- which has been declared illegal in a Health Ministry- ers as organ donors -- is legal here. ~China insists that organs are taken only from voluntary donors Accord- ing to one Chinese expert, who broke the general silence about this issue in a 1993 article in a Chinese medical ethics journal, a majority of all or- gans used in transplants in China: come from executed prisoners. This could not be independently verified. iOver the last decade, also appar? ently ibgaliy, hundreds of foreigners, mainly from Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore, have entered Chinese hos- pitals and paid premium prices to receive transplanted organs, espe- cially kidneys. These patients come from places where the medical de- mand. for organs for outstrips sup- ply. Most likely, many of them re- ceived organs from executed prison-r ers. . Human rights achrocates like l-iar- ry Wu, the Chinese-born American citizen who has made this a crusade and who helped investigate the New York case, say it is impossible for condemned prisoners in China's harsh penal system to give voluntary consent for their organs to be- used. These rights advocates, along with many Western n?iedicai also charge that the possible profits, .lor prisons and prosecutors and ties- pitats. create an unhealthy incentive to condemn criminals. Roughly 2,000 kidney transplants are reported in Chinese medical journals each year, said Dr. Charh lotte lkels, an anthropologist at Case western Reserve university in Cleveland who has studied organ it. procurement in Asia. The number is low for such a populous country, held down not only by a scarcity of donat- ed organs but also by a lack of funds and skills to maintain transplant pa- tients, she said in a telephone inter- view. In an article last year in?l'he China Journal, Dr. lkels cited an estimate that from 10 to 15 percent of kidney transplants involved foreign pa- tients. What is sometimes described abroad as a gruesome trade may _2 Chinese citizens in New York face transplant charges. appear?here as routine able: with costs relatively low, over- seas Chlnese come to China for many kinds of medical care, and many hospitals actually have separate wings devoted to foreign patients. For China's money-starved medi- highaprlced transplants are a welcome source of income, and Chinese surgeons have been known to advertise in Hong Kong for trans- plant patients What the foreign transplant pa- tients usually pay. wno profits and how doctors choose which patients get priority to receive scarce kid- neys and other organs are issues that a innit get virtually no publicidlscussloh- in ion. Discussing the atollsed organ sett- ers he helped lure to the authorities in New Turk, Mr. Wu said the one who said he ivas a formerprosecu- tor, Mr. Wang, had told him that prisoners ?have no political rights, so we don't ask.? Mr. Wu said Mr. Wang alsosaid that sometimes, rela- tives of prisoners were paid ?a little money" to get their consent to organ donation. Such practices would clearly yie- iate stated national policy, but it is impossible to know how actively the central Government has worked to enforce voluntary donor consent or to curb abuses. One reason why China gets so mucti attention for its reliance on the organs of executed prisoners is that it kills more prisoners than the rest of the world combined in _,199ii ac? cording to figures compiled by Am- nesty international, 4, 367 people were put to death, whiie more than 6.100 received death sentences. These numbers were higher than in previous years, reflecting the Strike Hard campaign. Comparable figures are not avail- able for1997, but earlier this month, a senior judge in Beijing announced that the number of death sentences had been reduced since adoption of criminal- law revisionsdast October. ?Thegrcater restriction on capital punishment shows that China cher- ishes lives oi criminals, said the judge, Zhang Jun of the Supreme People' 5 court, according to the New .r to; in?ow York Times Xingqi Fu to ace set] of conspiring? to sell human organs from bodies of executed Chinese prisoners. Fromm a China News Agercy. But Mr. Zhang gave no numbers Reached by telephone today, an official of the Haitian Province pros- ecutor?sofficeLV iq, so. 'iitat onth Mounts branch of?ce several years ago. On: being informed 0 his arrest in New York, however, no official changed his mind and-said the aim had never worked there. Then he said g-odbye. b6 b7C 7?3? i. if if?? ., . .. . r. o-?rrwz?an ?w?fgdf?f?:?yry?l finial-ts $323ng 3.. wk. s'?mm- FD-350 (Rev. 5-8-81) (Mount Clipping in Space Below) PUBLIC LIVES Date: Edition: character: or Classification: Submitting Oitice: (indicate page, name oi horn/dqd?wili Horlt?l?l iilEr-?. newspaper, city and stole.) York ?9 i an 8 nue: 86112 bit: (385116 so ?mitts: indexing: By JOYCE WADLER Vii-:RYatrocity spits out a few, the ones who make it through and cannot forget. who are op- pressed with the?need to bear witness. Close your eyes and Harry Wu, the human rights advocate, might be Elle Wie- sel. Just a few details of time and geography are different. Mr. Wuwas 23 when one of Mao?s crackdowns caught up with him, in 1960. His father had been a banker in Shang- hai; Mr. Wu had been educat- ed by Jesuits. Mr. Wuls crime: being a counterrevolutionary rightist. He spent. 19 years in prison camps. ?They broke my back, they broke my neck, they broke my arm, they broke my. leg," Mr. Wu says, in heavily accented English. was put in solitary confinement, in cement. a case made from cement. Six feet long, three feet high. A coffin 1 was 28been out of the prison camps ior 20 years and still the Chi- ,mzae Govermnent obsosses ?o?wm'm 1? Andrea Mobil-lime Now Yorkl?i?imes Harry Wu, 61, a former prisoner in China, is its traffic in human organs. Witness to the Atrocity Behind the Medicine out how save lives if the Ger- man U-boat is sinking in the cold water," Mr. Wu says. it ?They use a dog, they use a rat, then the Nazi doctors say, ?Oh, every day. couple hun- tired Jewish walk into the gas i chamber, this is a waste,? i 0.11? Then the Nazi doctor presents himself in front of the Jewish prisoners. 'Hey, are you willing to come into my lab? This is a paper. Sign . it. 1 am not guaranteeing .1 your life, but there is a chance. For two weeks, you i will have good food. Other- wise you will go to the gas chamber.? Mr. Wu came to theUnitod States in 1985 and became citizen in 1994. He still wishes . to be buried in China. He is . married and lives in Califor- nia. but he is rarely home. Last year he had 200 speak- ing engagements. His investi- gative trips, often carried out . alone, have been dangerous. 0n Mr. Wu?s last trip 10 Chi- no. in 1995,he was arrested at the border,.charged with spy- ing and deported. Mr. Wu in- ihim.? He has written three hushxpe?l?cao! Winona. a whit: is in simulation: hmlrauarch and documont humon- ?qllmiahtsobusesa Earlierthis month, Mr. Wu posed as a-doctor. meetmg with two Chi- nese artisans who reportedly offered to sell him kidneys from prisoners who had been executed in China. That meeting. which Mr. Wu video- taped, led to the arrest of the two men by the Federal Bureau of In- vestigation earlier this week. One might argue that it was toolhordy for aman who has been featured on television to do this work, that it might have jeopardized the investi- gation, but that. would be missing the point. The point is, Mr. Wu's life was stolen and he wants to do sdmothing about it. The point is, it's personal with Mr. Wu. ?There are Chinese doctors who say, ?1 am sorry about those crimi- nals, but! care about my patients,? Mr. Wu says, enraged. ??I?he crimi? nals, they're shot. they die, it's a waste if we don?t use. them. Anyway, they're dead. they don?t have rinh What about the argument that if the organs are used; others may live? ?I'm going to donate," Mr. Wu says. ?i carry the card in my wallet. Ithink donation is a? good thinglook at the law. The constitutional code has to crimes which carry the death penalty: 9 arena-called lltiv not crimp. Whoro?il?no just no . real attorney system. even today. 1 never had a lawyer. no trio R. WU is also suspicious oi Mme guidelines he says the Chinese claim to follow. Their criminal code, Mr. Wu says, gives the Government the right to extract body parts when the com damned give their consent or when their bodies are "uncollected." ?Uncollected dead bodies,? what that means?? Mr. Wu asks, angrily. ?Take myself. When I was labeled as all my family separate from me. My mother commits suicide. In 19 years, I have one visitor. My-older brother comes to visit me, ?rst month, that's it. Theyhave to sepa- rate." A man in desperate conditions will consent or confess to anything, Mr. Wu says. He confessed ,to crimes he did not commit when he was arrested during the Cultural Revolution his captors showed him a room of the dead and bleed- ing. The Jews in the concentration camps sometimes also consenied. He went to Auschwitz himself, in 1994. He saw the evidence. . ?The Nazi doctors, they try to find rL?' Sists he would have preferred to stay. ?i wanted justice." he says. ?if theykcep me, that means people are aware there IS an inlusttce system." 1+ The munosolpeoole inighonot be? informed. "Yeah, there is a chance, the Chi- neso, maybe only every small group 453.E:when 9 1 saloons NED MAY 1 8 193 would know," Mr. Wu says. He re: . cites the chant of the ones who are doomed to bear witness. "But any- way, if I don't go. who else to go?? Perhaps Mr. Wu wanted to die? ?l want alive, I want oliVo much as anyone. I lost my life. if?God say to me, 'Harry, i. know you suffered, I wanted to give you a favor, what do you want?? I want 20 years not. possible. That's why today I work very hard. am 61>.years old. 1 know the time for me is very short." He snatches up a document in Chinese regarding the use of organs from condemned criminals, sopas- - slonate now thathls speech becomes rushed, harder to understand. He- is asked to repeat himself. ?Uncollectod body is possible Harry Wu?s body," he says. almost shouting. ?Do you want buy this kidney? From executed prisoners. Who is the executed prisoners? Maybe is Harry Wu. So you want this one? You don't care? You just want a kidney? A part. body parts for yourself? Explain to me what is so-called uncoilected body. Explain to me how prisoner havea consent." n? {t "Fr-4f FD-350 (Rev. 5-881) . 7 HMS . . worm (899593? (Mount Clipping in Space Below) Date: 3, 5? Edition: Title: 30 L5 Oa?a?q . For Character: 0' 8.55 . 0c Classification: Q14 Submitting Office: Si?r Indexing: AN 30%? 2&39679 '73! C1 Ema) MAY 8 1998 )9 fki?? ?:er b6 IECI ?Ems . :4 . 1 i: - . Human organs for :sa 6? . BY ewYorkrresidents i a In ChengYongWang notedhxix?xi?an ijightg . 3 DAT 3 andXing?qi Fixxwexfe .- i i chargedlastweekvvith . 'andv?ajxrioixszrights 1 attemp?ixgxtoseil'hm rgx?oupsalle?geithat maxi Corneas ?roman; Chinaillegally mar- i idercgirer EBIra'g?nt. - ikets human?organs. 1 Sellix?xgehixmarxl organs 3 ??xe Chinese govern-x :1 isafelony offense. . nies the allegations, fl Chinese nationals and an: unidenti?ed 1 Wang andhnare aln .goverixinentspokes? . :i 'ieged'jpeddiers ofbody A manhastoldUS of?a i; partstakemfromexe- 5 cials Chinaihas never; i cui?d' Chinese prison? Wangin foundacasemvolvmg i ers, .ac?ording tothe man i ?IISxattorney?s of?ce. Wang alleged- ofhuman Organs: to foreign lyvouchedfox'the qualibrofhisxifxw countries." ventory, saying he had participated The penalty fororgan traf?cking in executions h1mse1f,prosecutors isamaximumfive-yearpn?on sens 3' xeport?. tencexnda?ne. ashiglx as if T?gmbhad?beetx?alerted?io?xe i$250,0001 ~Barmeurmy {3 i - ?maxi 4 vr v-c "4 A bsent Witness Spurs Judge to Delay ,TriW 2 in Organ Sales Plani By BENJAMIN WEISER A Federal 'judge has delayed the trial of two men who were charged in a scheme to arrange the transplant of organs taken from executed Chinese prisoners, questioning whether the defendants were entrapped in the case, and expressing concern over the absence of a crucial witness. When the arrests were announced? last year, Federal officials said the case could provide the first evidence of what dissidents have long described as a thriving trade in human organs in China, and its reach to the United States, where it is illegal. The Government charged the two defend- ants after the F.B.I. mounted a sting opera- tion using information from :the human rights advocate Harri; *Wu about the con- spiracy to sell the h?man organs. The two defendants are Cheng Yong Wang, who has described himself as a former prosecutor on Hainan Island, China?f and King i Fu, a Chinese citizen who runs a humm- ing, Queens. Mr. Wu?s role in the case had already drawn fire from the defense, which contend- ed that he held a grudge against the Chinese leadership and had set up the defendants to advance his agenda. Mr. Wu, who has denied those allegations, was expected to testify at the trial for the prosecution. But the question of entrapment arose again after the defense lawyers' told the Judge, Deborah A. Batts of Federal District Court in Manhattan, that they had discov- ered that a second Government informer had played a much greater role in the case than was previously known, including or- chestrating much of the illegal activity charged against the defendants and pushing them to join the conspiracy. The Government has disputed the de- fense?s contention, and said there was no entrapment in the case. But Judge Batts said in court ast week that she was troubled that the ond informer, a man named EauL' Ris??monen, described as an Ameri- can 1 ?g active in the Chinese dissident movpment, had left the United States and is now refusing to return to testify. tion Mr. Risenhoover, are now asking that the charges against Mr. Wang and Mr.,Fu be dismissed. Judge Batts has delayedthe trial in order to decide whether it will be fair to proceed without Mr. Risenhoover. ?The defendants have raised, I think, troubling and serious issues regarding their rights, in terms of the unavailability of a primary player in this series of events,? Judge Batts said. Citing the informer?s ?not being avail- able, compounded by entrapment, com- pounded by Mr. Risenhoover?s active role in these things,? she said, think fairness re uires the defendants to be able to con- A bsent Witness Spurs Judg: Continued From Page Bl front this man.? She added, ?He essentially is such a seminal and significant and integral part of this case.? A spokesman for the United States Attorney?s office in Man- hattan said yesterday that offi- cials there would have no com- ment. The Government has filed secret court papers with the judge pertaining to Mr. Risenhoover?s role, the court docket shows. But last week in court, Federal prosecutors told Judge Batts that they disagreed with the defense's contention that Mr. Risenhoover?s presence was critical, or that his testimony would even be admissi- ble at trial. The Government made clear that it does not believe that the defendants were en- trapped in any way. Little is known about Mr. Risen- . hoover, who is about 30 and said to be a native of Oklahoma who was studying in China in 1989 at the time of the student protests, and deaths at Tiananmen Square. He was described in court by a de- fense lawyer as a fervent anti- Questions on whether defendants were entrapped. Communist who is fluent in Chi- nese and fears for his safety be- cause of his strong opposition to the Chinese Government. - The defense lawyers had said they wanted to question Mr. Ri- senhoover because records ob- tained from the Government show he instigated the scheme. They say he aggressively recruited their clients into the conspiracy, then handed the case off to Mr. Wu, who informed the F.B.I. Oliver A. Smith, the lawyer for Mr. Wang, said in court that Mr. Wang had been in the United States, seeking advice about a visa, when he was referred to Mr. Risenhoover, who said he was an immigration counselor. Mr. Smith said that Mr. Risen- hoover told Mr. Wang that he could get him a visa, but in return Mr. Wang would have to use his 2 to Delay Trial former contacts in China to help arrange the transplants of organs from executed prisoners. The scheme, as laid out by Mr. Smith, involved patients from Aruba and did not involve the United States, meaning it was not illegal, Mr. Smith said, according to a transcript. Mr. Smith told the judge that Mr. Wang never agreed to any activity that was illegal in the United States, and that Mr. Risen- hoover persisted in drawing the defendants aggressively into the conspiracy. ?It is entrapment, Judge," Mr. Smith said. ?It is not a situation where my client came to Mr. Ri- senhoover. It is a situation where Mr. Risenhoover came to my cli- ent.? Mr. Smith said last night, stand by the arguments I made in court.? Mr. Fu?s lawyer, Stephen L. Co? hen, concurred, saying: ?As 1 ar- gued in court, the unavailability of the informant denies my client his Sixth Amendment right to con- frontation. He's absolutely the crucial player,? Mr. Cphen added, referring to Mr. Risenhoover. 025 9: ?22 160940 ?uuan (Le-e-s ?Aeai oss-os :0 mar 3?3; rags 35mm} W9 .The defense lawyers, who wanted to ques- Continued on Page 9.59 be By. BENJAMIN WEISER Fede a1 charges against two men ac- cased of conspiring to sell human organs taken from Chinese prisoh?rs were dis- missed ?yesterday by a judge who sharply criticiz the deernrhent for building its . case ar 11nd an informant she denounced as ?a frau ulent opportunist" Judg Deborah A. Batts of United States District ICohrtin Manhattan said the inform? ant, Pa 1 R1senhoover had been seeking to overthr the Chinese Government and might ve entrapped the two defendants. . She sai Mr. Risenhoover was now refusing to retu from abroad to appear at trial, which 11 nied the defendants their Constitu- tionalyight to cross-examine him: seemed? to agree that Mr. Risenhoover had. orchestrated much; of the illegal activity in the case, and had pushed the defendants to join the coriSpiracy. A lawyer for Mr. Risenhoover, Carlyle R. Hatfield, said his client denied any wrengdo- ing and had refused to return to testify because his wife is Chinese, and Mr. Risen- hoover feared that Chinese officials might retaliate against her eXtended family in China. ?Paul Risenlioovei' is one of the most patriotic people I know;_? Mr. Hatfield said. ?This is his chuntry and he hives it 'very deeply? His- motivations are based on histori~ cal precedent and religious faith.? Federal. prosecutors in Manhattan would "de Angrily Voids Charges That 2 Chinese Tried to Sell Body reit- ??The deernment believes that its inves- tigation and prosecution of this case was responsible and well founded, said Herbert Hadad, a spokesman for Mary Jo White the United States Attorney. ?We respebtfully disagree With the judge? s. analysis and con- clusihn, and we are reviewing her opinion and. assessing our options.? The1prosecution-hadbeen widely watched because the charges appeared to copfirm What Chinese dissidents and United States officiais have described as a thriving trade in China'in. which, they say, kidneys and other organs taken fromeXecuted prisoners are said for use in. transplants. The case, which suggested- that the activi- ty had reached the United States, had also (Le-e-s ?511) eds-as WA Wu, who made his findings available to' the: Federal Bureau of Investigation, which then conducted its own inguiry. Mr. Wu declined to comment on the dis- missal otthe case because of the possibility; . of an appeal, but he reiterated his view that? the organ trade ?is a violation of humani rights, and you cannot dismiss the 3 In her 155-page opinion, Judge Batts a150,? attacked the Government?s investigative? work, charging that some records had been submitted to the grand jury with pages: miSSing and that: a secretly taped cenversa? tion of a meeting betWeen Mr. Wang,am am F. I agent and Mr. Risenhoover had been mistranslated by Mr. Risenhoover. In what she called ?the most eg; egious? I, - Wh' Judge Baits did not rule on the not saylastnight whether they would appeal received attention because it resulted frdni example, we judge quoted an uniefcbve, i meritls?x: the charges against the defend- the judge? dec151on, butthey defended the oi- private sting operation run by a 1. . ants, 111g Yong Wang and Xingqi F11, she actions in the caSe. prominent: human-rights advocate, Harry Continued on pgge B5 mrix 5" (I) 0 ITI 3 2 .196 3 5303 3? saw b7C E: 25seat 1 - 9. 183111: Patricia Hurtado Charges were dismissedlyesterday Chi- nationals accused of trying to sell thebodyparts . executed Chinese prisoners after a federal judge 1?1 tied it would-be unfair taproceed because a key witness, ?whor?rl she called a ?fraudulentopportuhist? is missing. District Court Judge Deborah Batts criticized {feral prosecutors in the of?ce of US. Attorney ary 0 White' in Manhattan for waiting until the eve 1 oil trial to announce that Paul Risenhoover, had left countriy and had refused .o testify. he trial of Gheng Yong Wang, 42,- who was al- Iegedly a; former prosecutor in the Chinese island province of Haitian, and Xingqi Fu, 36 who owns a laiuidromat in Woodside, was slated to begin last month. 2 were charged With selling human organs When the charges :were ?led last year, prosecutors said the case illustrated what dissidents and human rights activists have long charged as the active trade inhuman body organs for transPlant' 111 China Well-known Ghi'nese dissident Harry Wu; tipped off the FBI and federal prosecutors to the alleged scheine. Wu videotaped Wang allegedly trying to sell body parts during a February, 1998', meeting at a Manhattan hotel. Both defendants, who are from Flushing, Were charged with conspiring to arrange for Americans to travel to China for transplants and also plotting to conversatiOns that Wang had? with Wu and Risen- hoover, 'who federal proSecutors said was new un- available to testify. at the trial. ?While this case appar- ently dropped in the laps of the government by the politically motivated Wu and Risenhoover, there ap-' pears to bare been no objective investigation or vei 11'1- cation of the informants ?Batts charged Batts noted that for months, prosecutors Withheld informetioh about Risenhoover?ssactivities, including a Scam in Which Risenhoover allegedly offered tohelp students get into the University of Aruba Medical School for a fee. Batts noted that there is no such medical school. A spokesman for White, whose of?ce piosecuted the case, said yesterday it was unclear if. they would resuhinit the charges ?The government believes that its investigation of this case was responsible and well-founded, spokes- man Herbert Hadad said ?We respectfully disagiee arr-?rod/lad 7?93) 09811:] an {Ir-1.1737 X30111 1% .. :21 .. l7?? 111101 Miu? ma 6661 3 WW - 'mj .5 4/1/19911/2/ r" ?hbsoZ?W/l/w; 4,475 5211/qu 5?21 W6, 3 (,3th Batts adjourned the case after defense lawyers 511.11} human body parts such as eorneas 130' the with the judge 5 analysis? b6 arged thatl?isenhoover played a much more influ- Urnted?States. . . Stephen Cohen a lawyer for Fu, said his cli at was 1' b7C ehtial ole? in? the case thanzpreviously believed. But-defensevlaww?cjarged thattheir'cllents 133d elated with the news the changes would be do ed. 1. . ?Tl?i cumulative effect of the government?s ac- been entrapped" by Wu and Eisenhower. searing ?He'alwaysbelievedtlie system-was goingto wor for tions, ay and inactioii, and Paul Risenhoover?s re- theyhad an ahti-Chinese grivernment agenda. him." . sultan unavailability, would deny the defendants a After reviewing allthe tapes and transcripts in the Oliver Smith, a lawyer for Wang, who has then fair trial, Batts- wrote. case, Butts noted that the charge?srelied heavily open jailed since his arrest last year, did not return calls133-1 :13; 5mm hill/o 111? rosso (Rev 5-8-8i ?1 By RAMIREZ With a key witness who had disap- peared now offering to testify, Fed- eral prosecutors have reopened their case against two Chinese citizens charged with trafficking in human organs harvested from executed Chi- nese prisoners, a lawyer involved in the case said yesterday. Oliver A. Smith, a lawyer for one of the two accused men, said that Judge Deborah A. Batts of United States District Court in Manhattan, who had dismissed Federal conspiracy charges against Mr. Smith?s client in March, reinstated the case yester- day. Marvin Smilon, a spokesman for - Mary Jo White, the United States Attornenyor the Southern District, confirme that the case had "been reinstater but would net elaborate. The?Government witness, Paul Ri- senhoover, has been described by defense lawyers as an American im- migration counselor active in the . I (Mount Clipping in Space Below) Chinese dissident movement. When Judge Batts dismissed the case in March, she described him as a ?fraudulent opportunist? who may have sought to entrap the two Chi- nese defendants, Cheng Yong Wang and Xingqi Fit, for political reasons. In a 155-page opinion,.Judge Batts accused Mr. Risenhoover, who stud: ied in China and speaks Mandarin, of mistranslating a critical passage in a transcript of a conversation taped by the Federal Bureau of Investiga- tion. In what Judge Batts called ?the most egregious? example of Mr. Ri- senhoover?s ?unreliability,? she quoted an undercover agent asking Mr. Wang whether unclaimed bodies of Chinese prisoners were buried or were sold. Mr. Wang re- plied in Mandarin Chinese that they were buried, not sold, the judge said. .But Mr. Risenhoover?s translation indicated that the bodies were sold. UPLOA DEB or M. (indicate page. name of lnewspaper, city and state.) '1 N24.) Yark ?"h?umq i lDateClassi?cation: Title- K8 Witness Rae, In. its: on? axidsi goshspizr?t? ?a\55 Character: 213% A -HY lg?; ?i (a Submitting Office: A limes ?lira 19% he? {ark- indexing: She dismissed the case because she said Mr. Risenhoover had re- fused to retur?n from abroad to ap- pear at the trial, denying the defend- ants their Constitutional right to cross-examine him. Mr. Smith, who represents Mr. Wang, said he had received a copy of a brief letter that Judge Batts had received from Federal prosecutors on Friday, saying at Mr. Risenhoo- ver wasavailghl tottestify. Mr. Risen over could not be 10- catedfrgiggmment'yesterday, and his la r, .Carlyle-R. Hatfield, did not respond to telephone messages. The case received wide attention because it appeared to confirm what Chinese dissidents and American of- ficials have described as a growing trade in kidneys and other organs harvested from executed prisoners and sold in the United States for use in transplants. It is illegal in the United States to deal in organs that Key Witness Reappears in Case of Chinese Body-Parts Series, have not been voluntarily doni ted. The case also gained attention be- cause the Government had relied, at least in part, on aprivate sting oper- ation run by a prominent human- rights advocate, Harry Wu. In March, Mr. Hatfield said that Mr. Risenhoover denied any wrong- doing and had refused to return to testify because his wife is Chinese. and he feared that Chinese officials might retaliate against her family in China. He said, without elaboration, that Mr. Risenhoover?s actions were based on ?religious faith.? Mr. Smith described Mr. Wang, a 5 former prosecutor on Hainan Island, China, as being under virtual house arrest in New York with an.elec ron- ic ankle bracelet monitoring! movements. Stephen L. Cohen, a lawyer . represents Mr. Fu, a Chinese citizen who operates a laundry in Queens, could not be reached for comment. 51/3 ~2mn?u+ - Mejia r-nurg .i-uw-t- bifiiALiZED_ i JUL 2 8 ?999 FBI Yin?: FREE metitujll; i i we?, pl?Wqug?we, .L