DEFENSE POWIMIA ACCOUNTING AGENCY
2300 DEFENSE PENTAGON
WASHINGTON. oc. 20301-2300

 

MEDICAL EXAMINER SUMMARY REPORT

DPAA Number: DPAA 2017-0111
Accession Number: CIL 2017-198-1-01
Name: LEONARD, James Joseph, Jr.
Date of Birth: 27 May 1928
Service Number: RA 19326781
Rank/Service: Private First Class (Pfc); U.S. Army
Unit: Co., 2nd Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 1st Cavalry
Division
Location of Loss: Yongdong, Republic of Korea
Date of Loss: 25 July 1950
Date of Report: 7 August 2017
BACKGROUND

Private First Class (Pfc) James J. LEONARD Jr., previously a musician, was assigned as an
to Company, 2nd Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, Cavalry Division (lst CD).
In the early evening hours of 20 July, the 8th Cavalry arrived east of Yongdong and began
preparing to assume the defense of Yongdong. The next day, 23 July, [North] Korean People?s
Army (NKPA) units began attacking the American defenses at Yongdong and had taken control
of Yongdong by 25 July. James J. LEONARD Jr. was reported as Killed in Action on 25
July 1950.

In June 1952, the 392nd Quartermaster Graves Registration Company conducted searches of the
area around Yongdong associated with the 23-25 July 1950 ?ghting between the NKPA and the
CD. In an effort to support identi?cation efforts, all remains recovered from the battle?eld
were sent to the Army Graves Registration Service Central Identi?cation Unit (CIU) in Kokura,
Japan for continued identi?cation efforts. At the end of the area search, no remains for 
LEONARD were identi?ed by the CIU-Kokura.

The Chinese People?s Volunteer Forces (CPVF) and NKPA intermittently provided lists of
Prisoners of War (POWs) during the war, but none listed LEONARD. All returning POWs
were interviewed and no repatriated Americans had information concerning LEONARD. In
September and October 1954, during Operation GLORY, the CPVF) and NKPA returned over
4,219 sets of remains to the United Nations Command, of which 2,944 were believed to be
Americans. These remains were sent to the ClU-Kokura for identi?cation and any that could not
identi?ed were interred as ?Unknowns? at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Paci?c,
Honolulu, Hawaii. The CIU did not associate any of the Operation GLORY remains with 
LEONARD and the US. Army declared remains non?recoverable on 16
January 1956.

In an effort to account for its own war losses, the R.O.K. developed an organization known as
the Ministry of National Defense Agency for Killed in Action Recovery and Identi?cation

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LEONARD, James Joseph, Jr.
DPAA 2017-0111; CIL 2017-l98-I-01

(MAKRI). In February-"March 2017, a local construction crew uncovered possible human
remains and material evidence during the excavation of a road near Yongdong village and
noti?ed MAKRI. On 30 March, a MAKRI recovery team recovered the remains and sent them
to the MAKRI-CIL in Seoul, R.O.K. Based on scienti?c analysis of the remains and material
evidence by MAKRI-CIL, and subsequent analysis by the Defense Accounting
Agency (DPAA) personnel during the 24th Joint Forensic Review, the remains were transferred
to the DPAA laboratory and accessioned as CIL 2017-198.

SUMMARY OF IDENTIFICATION

Dental Analysis:

The dental remains consist of 31 loose teeth. The examined remains correspond to the
antemortem evidence of LEONARD with no unexplainable discrepancies. Based upon the
correlations between the antemortem and postmortem dental evidence, the dental remains are
positively those of James J. LEONARD Jr.

Anthropology Analysis:

The examined remains consist an incomplete, fragmentary skeleton in fair condition. The
remains represent a single individual, based on the lack of duplicated or overlapping elements or
fragments. Additionally, all skeletal elements are broadly consistent in size, robusticity,
developmental morphology, and taphonomic condition. Morphologically and developmentally,
the remains are consistent with those of a male of at least 18 years of age or greater. Ancestry
and stature are indeterminate. Perimortem trauma of unknown etiology is observed on the left
humerus. At the time of his loss, James J. LEONARD, Jr. was a 22-year old White male
who stood 68.25 inches tall.

Material Evidence Analysis:

Material evidence associated with the remains was received during a unilateral turnover to the
DPAA Laboratory by MAKRI. The evidentiary materials were reportedly recovered in
conjunction with remains in March 2017 in Chungchungbook-do, Yongdong-gun Region,
R.O.K. The material evidence consists of items that are consistent with issued and-?or typically
carried items of a U.S. service member during the Korean War. Of note, the manufacturing date
of the canteen components suggests that they could not have been manufactured earlier than
1944, which corroborates the time period of death. The boot fragments are
inscribed with a number ?10" on the sole, which likely indicates shoe size. According to
historical documents, of the multiple U.S. servicemembers Missing in Action from Yongdong,
four are listed as wearing a size 10 shoe, including James J. LEONARD Jr. The lack of
markings and-"or inscriptions on the remainder of the items limit the ability to date these items
and-"or associate them with a speci?c individual.

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LEONARD, James Joseph, Jr.
DPAA 2017-0111; CIL 2017?198-1?01

OPINION

The laboratory analysis and the totality of the circumstantial evidence available establish the
remains as those of Private First Class James Joseph LEONARD Jr., RA 19326781, US. Army.

The date of death was previously established by the US. Army as 25 July
1950, with the cause of death stated as ?Killed in Action." Based on available evidence, the
cause of death cannot be determined to a suf?cient degree of medical certainty and is best
certified as undetermined. The manner of death is certi?ed as homicide. If additional remains of
LEONARD are recovered and identi?ed, disposition of those remains will be in accordance
with the wishes of the next-of-kin.

AK. MUD

Commander, Medical Corps, US. Navy Lieutenant Colonel, Medical Corps, US. Army
DPAA Medical Examiner DPAA Medical Director
Defense Accounting Agency Defense Accounting Agency

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