OPERATING PROCEDURES
00.04.00.00

04.05.00 COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS AND REGULATIONS
All DPS aircraft shall be operated in compliance with all state and federal laws and all applicable federal,
state, and departmental regulations, except where this manual is more restrictive.

04.10.00 PILOT AUTHORITY
The pilot‐in‐command shall have the sole responsibility for determining whether a flight is safe or not in
terms of weather, condition of aircraft, and other relevant criteria known by the pilot at the time the
decision is made. The pilot‐in‐command may, in an emergency requiring immediate action, deviate from
this manual, the General Manual, and the Federal Aviation Regulations to the extent required to meet
such emergency. Such deviations shall require notification of the appropriate, Captain, Major, Assistant
Chief Pilot and Chief Pilot as soon as is practicable.

04.15.00 AUTHORIZED DPS PILOTS
No pilot shall operate any Department aircraft unless the Director and Deputy Director have approved
him/her. No pilot shall act as pilot‐in‐command of any DPS aircraft unless the Chief Pilot has certified
him/her.
15.01 Pilot‐In‐Command Certification. The pilot‐in‐command is that pilot who is certified by the Chief
Pilot, as a qualified pilot‐in‐command of a specific make and model aircraft and assigned by appropriate
authority, to be responsible for a specific flight or mission.
1. The designation of pilot‐in‐command for a specific flight shall be determined prior to engine(s)
being started.
2. The authority and responsibility of the pilot‐in‐command begins when he/she enters the aircraft
preparatory to flight and does not end until he/she exits the aircraft at the completion of the flight
mission.
3. Unless required by emergency, the designation of pilot‐in‐command shall not be transferred while
in flight.
15.02 Command Pilot Seat. The pilot‐in‐command shall determine which pilot occupies the command
pilot seat and which pilot operates the controls for each phase of flight. The fact that the pilot‐in‐
command is not occupying the command pilot seat or is not operating the controls does not relieve
him/her of the authority and responsibility of acting as pilot‐in‐command.

04.20.00 USE OF DEPARTMENT AIRCRAFT

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 Department of Public Safety aircraft shall be used only for official state business. It is intended that all
Department aircraft be utilized effectively and economically in the furtherance of the missions of the
Department of Public Safety and for the attainment of its objectives. It is not intended for aircraft to be
assigned duties for the sole purpose of saving department funds at the expense of the Aircraft Division
budget, unless the savings of funds exceed the operational expense.
20.01 Authorized Flights. Only authorized flights will be made utilizing DPS aircraft. Authorized flights
are classified as follows.
1. Law Enforcement Flights – Flights conducted in support of, but not limited to, the following public
safety activities:
a. Criminal. Manhunt, search, surveillance, undercover investigation, photography, providing
security, prisoner and witness transfer, investigation, court testimony, and transportation of
specialized personnel and/or equipment.
b. Traffic. Surveillance, enforcement patrol, area surveillance, engineering, photography, and
transportation of specialized personnel and/or equipment.
c. Search and Rescue. Lost person, downed aircraft, drowning victim, rescues, and
transportation of specialized personnel and/or equipment.
d. Medical and Disaster. Medical transfer, delivering supplies, disaster reconnaissance,
communications command post, and transportation of specialized personnel and/or equipment.
e. Civil Disturbance. Area reconnaissance, rescue, anti‐sniper platform, and transportation of
key personnel and/or equipment into isolated areas.
2. Administrative Flights – Flights, other than law enforcement flights, where the expeditious
movement of personnel and/or equipment is in the state's best interest. Such flights are as follows:
a. Evidence and Passenger Flights. Movement of evidence, passenger transfer, and equipment
movement.
b. Flight Training. Entry level training, proficiency check flight, transition training, additional
rating training, upgrade training, biennial flight review, recent flight experience, and police
procedures and specialized equipment training.
c. Aircraft Maintenance. Test flights, movement of aircraft to and from maintenance facilities,
and the transfer of parts and/or pilots.
d. TXDOT Flight Service Flights. Transfer of "other state agency personnel".
e. General Transportation Flights. These flights must meet the following criteria in accordance
with legislative directive:
1) The purpose of the trip is official state business;
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 2) All passengers are state officers or employees, or are persons in the care or custody of
state officers or employees, or are persons whose transportation furthers the official state
business purpose of that flight;
3) Commercial carriers do not serve the destination, or the time required to use such a
carrier interferes with other obligations, or the number of state officers and employees
traveling makes the use of state aircraft cost effective;
4) Any speeches to be given by passengers are related to official state business;
5) Events attended by passengers are not sponsored by a political party or for its promotion;
6) Passengers do not receive fees or honorariums, unless travel costs are reimbursed to the
state;
7) No money is raised for private or political purposes; and
8) Audiences are not charged to see or hear any of the passengers.
20.02 Authorized Passengers. Only authorized passengers will be transported aboard DPS aircraft.
1. Department of Public Safety personnel.
2. Persons specifically authorized by the Director, Deputy Director, Assistant Directors, Regional
Directors, Chief Pilot, Assistant Chief Pilot, Major, or the appropriate Captain.
3. Any police officer or person needed to assist in an official activity.
4. Victims of disasters, crashes, or crimes, and persons in need of transportation to safety or
medical aid.
5. Passengers approved by the TXDOT Flight Services.
20.03 Requests for Flights. Requests for aerial support may originate from any source; however, all such
requests shall be directed to persons specifically authorized to approve flights.
20.04 Approval of Flights. The Director, Deputy Director, Assistant Directors, Regional Directors, Chief
Pilot, Assistant Chief Pilot, Major, or the appropriate Captain, shall approve requests for flights by DPS
aircraft. Exceptions are as follows:
1. DPS Pilots have blanket authorization to proceed immediately, if appropriate, to the scenes of
major crimes, searches, jailbreaks, or disaster scenes and to establish surveillance and
communication, and to provide aerial support as the situation dictates.
2. All law enforcement flights may be approved and conducted by any DPS Pilot who has been
certified by the Chief Pilot to act as pilot‐in‐command of the specific aircraft to be utilized.

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 3. DPS Pilots, conducting such flights, will notify the appropriate Captain, Major, Assistant Chief
Pilot, or the Chief Pilot as soon as practical thereafter.
20.05 Flight Priority Scheduling. All flights that are authorized, approved, and can be made within
budget constraints, will be completed to the extent that pilots and aircraft are available. The priority
scheduling system is to be utilized as a guideline, and its application must be combined with good
judgment, common sense, and diplomacy on the part of all involved.
1. The basic guidelines for mission priority are as follows:
a. Life threatening situations where an aircraft could be used to remove individuals from such a
situation or the transportation of specialized personnel and/or equipment to a site to
participate in the rescue mission.
b. Criminal law enforcement operations where the use of an aircraft would substantially
enhance, expedite, and/or make safer the investigation, detection, and apprehension of
individual(s) involved in suspected criminal activities.
c. Traffic law enforcement operations where the use of an aircraft would substantially enhance,
expedite, and/or make safer any activities dedicated to ensuring the safe utilization of our
highway systems.
d. General transportation of departmental personnel from one area of operation to another.
e. General transportation of "other state agency personnel" at the request of the TXDOT Flight
Services.
f. Specialized police training exercises such as surveillance, tracking, water rescues, etc.
g. Flight proficiency/training as covered in Chapter 5 of this manual.
2. The basic guidelines for resolution of any conflicts between passenger's requested schedules
and/or mission priority are as follows:
a. Mission priority should be the first factor utilized in determining solutions to scheduling
conflicts.
b. The Department's law enforcement endeavors will take precedence over other law
enforcement agency requests.
c. The Department's rank/pay grade structure will determine an individual's priority position.
d. A flight requested by individuals of the same rank/pay grade will be resolved by a coordinated
effort between the appropriate Captain and the individuals making the request.
e. If a satisfactory resolution cannot be reached, the Captain will forward the request to the
Major, Assistant Chief Pilot, or Chief Pilot for a solution.
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 f. If the conflicting missions dictate making both flights during the same time frame, an aircraft
from an adjoining region will be utilized.

04.25.00 PREFLIGHT RESPONSIBILITIES
Each pilot‐in‐command shall, before beginning a flight, familiarize themself with all available
information concerning that flight. In addition, the DPS Pilot shall ensure that the following procedures
are accomplished prior to each flight:
25.01 Flight Planning. In addition to the preflight action required under FAR 91.103, the pilot‐in‐
command shall accomplish the following procedures:
1. Determine that the "Operating Area" and airports at the departure, destination, and alternate
points meet all weather minimum restrictions.
2. Preflight the aircraft in accordance with the approved DPS Checklist or the appropriate Pilot’s
Operating Handbook if there is no approved DPS Checklist.
3. Determine that all required maintenance procedures have been accomplished.
4. Ensure that all equipment and materials are properly secured and that there are no loose items in
the cockpit area.
5. Ensure that all navigational charts and approach plates are current and up to date.
6. Ensure that all equipment required for the mission is aboard and in proper operating condition.
7. Ensure that the aircraft is loaded to conform to weight and balance limits.
8. Ensure completion of a Flight Risk Assessment Tool (FRAT) at the
beginning of each shift for helicopter operations.
25.02 Preflight Briefing. Before each flight, the pilot‐in‐command shall ensure that the following
preflight briefings are accomplished:
1. Flight Crew Briefing: The pilot‐in‐command shall brief the flight crew (authorized DPS pilots
located at a functioning set of aircraft controls for the purpose of assisting the PIC with the
operation of the aircraft). The briefing shall include the following as a minimum:
a. Mission.
b. Weather.
c. Duties of each crewman during flight.
d. Duties of each crewman during an in‐flight emergency.
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 e. Procedures to transfer control of the aircraft.
f. Any safety procedures particular to the mission.g. No smoking aboard DPS aircraft.
2. Passenger Briefing: The pilot‐in‐command shall ensure that all passengers are briefed. The
"Passenger Safety Procedures" card (Annex #2) must be available to each passenger to read. The
passenger brief shall include the following as a minimum:
a. Mission.
b. Location and use of safety equipment.
c. Location and operation of exits and emergency doors.
d. Operation of the aircraft intercom, headsets, and operation of the DPS radio, if applicable.
e. Procedures to be followed in case of an in‐flight emergency.
f. Any safety procedures particular to the mission.
g. No smoking aboard DPS aircraft.
3. Mission Crew Briefing: The pilot‐in‐command shall ensure that the mission crew members
(authorized passengers needed to assist in an official activity) are briefed. The mission crew briefing
shall include the standard passenger briefing plus the following as a minimum:
a. Assigned duties with regard to the mission.
b. Location and use of special mission equipment such as Nightsun, FLIR unit, etc.
25.03 Loading or Unloading Passengers. No passenger will be allowed to approach or depart a DPS
aircraft that has turning propellers or rotor blades unless he/she has received specific information on
the hazards associated with boarding or departing an aircraft while the engine(s) are running. If a
second crewmember is present, he/she shall escort passengers to and from the aircraft. While
passengers are boarding or departing a twin engine airplane, the left engine will be secured.
25.04 Use of Checklists. Each DPS aircraft shall have a procedural checklist available for use by the flight
crew. The pilot‐in‐command must ensure that these procedures, as they apply, are complied with fully.
25.05 Survival Kit. Each DPS aircraft shall have an approved and up‐to‐date survival kit on board (Annex
#3).

04.30.00 FLIGHT RESPONSIBILITY
It shall be the responsibility of the pilot‐in‐command to operate DPS aircraft; in a safe and professional
manner, in accordance with the Pilot's Operating Handbook, in accordance with Standard Operating
Procedures (Annex #4, Annex #5, and Annex #6) for the respective aircraft being operated, and in
compliance with the following aircraft Division policies:
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 30.01 Crew Rest. No DPS Pilot shall conduct flight operations in a DPS aircraft when he/she is fatigued to
the degree that the safe operation of the aircraft is in question. DPS pilots are expected to report for
work rested and ready to perform flight duties. As a minimum guide, the Flight Time/Duty Time
Limitations as noted in Annex #1 will be strictly adhered to.
30.02 Weather Parameters. The following weather parameters shall be closely adhered to for flights in
DPS aircraft:
1. In addition to the requirements of FAR 91.167 and FAR 91.169, no DPS single engine, fixed wing
aircraft shall depart on a flight if the destination airport has meteorological conditions that are less
than a 1,000 foot ceiling or less than 3 miles visibility, unless that aircraft can fly to the planned
destination, then still have enough fuel to fly to an airport that is forecast to have at least a 1,000
foot ceiling and at least three miles visibility for the period of one hour prior to and one hour after
the estimated time of arrival at that airport, then still fly for another 45 minutes.
2. No DPS non-IFR certified rotor wing aircraft shall depart from an airport, heliport, or an off
airport/heliport site where the current meteorological conditions are less than the "Special VFR"
weather requirements.
3. To operate DPS aircraft VFR, the "Operating Area" in which the mission is being conducted must
have the minimum meteorological conditions as follows:
a. Single Engine Airplanes – A 1,500 foot ceiling and visibility of 3 statute miles during daylight
hours, and a 2,500 foot ceiling and visibility of 5 statute miles at night.
b. Twin Engine Airplanes – A 2,500 foot ceiling and visibility of 3 statute miles during daylight
hours, and a 3,000 foot ceiling and visibility of 5 statute miles at night.
c. Helicopters – A 300 foot ceiling and visibility of 1 statute mile during daylight hours, and a
1,000 foot ceiling and visibility of 3 statute miles at night.
4. An aircraft shall not be flown into known or forecast icing conditions except that aircraft with
appropriate anti and deicing equipment may depart when icing conditions are forecast, but pilot
reports indicate that no significant icing has been experienced along the intended route of flight. A
pilot shall not intentionally continue flight into known icing conditions.
5. An aircraft shall not be operated in known or forecast severe turbulence or heavy thunderstorm
conditions. Should thunderstorm penetration become unavoidable, the pilot‐in‐command shall
adhere to the thunderstorm penetration procedures contained in the Aeronautical Information
Manual, (Section 7‐1‐26).
30.03 Instrument Approaches. In strict compliance with FAR’s, DPS Pilots shall not descend below the
DH (Decision Height) or MDA (Minimum Descent Altitude) as published in the standard instrument
approach procedure prescribed for their arrival airport, except in compliance with FAR 91.175(c),
"Operation Below DH or MDA". For DPS Pilots with ceiling and/or visibility restrictions greater than
published minimums, those pilots may not file to a destination, which is reporting or forecasting
weather below those minimums from one hour before until one hour after the estimated time of arrival.
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 30.04 Night Operations. The following policies and procedures apply to all night operations in DPS
aircraft:
1. Full compliance with FAR 91.205 (instrument and equipment requirements) shall be a requisite
for night flights.

2. When the Nightsun or other high intensity illumination light is used, extreme care shall be
exercised to avoid blinding motorists or causing unnecessary inconvenience to innocent bystanders.
No frivolous or unnecessary use shall be made of this equipment.
30.05 Minimum Enroute Altitudes. Unless the flight mission or meteorological conditions require a
lower altitude, DPS aircraft shall operate above the following minimum altitudes during the en route
segment of all flights:
1. Single Engine Airplanes. Aircraft shall be operated no lower than 2,000 feet above ground level
(AGL) in open terrain and 4,000 feet AGL in rugged terrain.
2. Twin Engine Airplanes. Aircraft shall be operated at the most cost efficient altitude, but no lower
than 4,000 feet AGL in open terrain and 6,000 feet AGL in rugged terrain.
3. Helicopters. Aircraft shall be operated no lower than 500 feet AGL in open terrain and 1,000 feet
AGL in rugged terrain.
30.06 Over Water Operations. DPS aircraft shall not be operated over water, outside gliding distance
from land, unless the pilots wear flotation gear, and flotation gear is readily available to each non‐pilot
occupant. In addition, the Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot must approve each over water flight.
Prior approval is not required for search and/or rescue missions.
30.07 Unimproved Landing Sites. The following procedures shall apply to landings at other than airports
and heliports:

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 1. Helicopters will often be required to make an off airport/heliport landing in the execution of the
assigned mission. The pilot‐in‐command shall perform a high (500 foot AGL) reconnaissance utilizing
the accepted acronym SOWTAD, (S‐size, surface, shape, slopes, suitability, O‐obstacles, W‐winds, T‐
touchdown area, terrain, A‐approach path, D‐departure, escape routes). A descent to a downwind,
base, and final approach leg shall be made to initiate the final approach at approximately 300 feet. A
thorough low reconnaissance, reemphasizing SOWTAD, shall be conducted by all crewmembers in a
sterile cockpit while the helicopter is on the final approach leg to the landing area. The pilot shall
determine the following information prior to landing:
a. The need to land outweighs the risks involved.
1) If the pilot determines that the need to land off airport at night outweighs the risks
involved and a landing is conducted off airport at night, that pilot shall attach to the
applicable flight log a memorandum to the Chief Pilot, through their Lieutenant,
explaining the circumstances and the rationale for the landing. An approach that
terminates to a high hover will be considered a landing for the reporting requirement.
2) The exceptions to the above policy shall be for pilots who are acting under the specific
guidelines that are detailed in the operational plan for a special operation and for
intentional off airport training being conducted with a designated DPS Check Pilot or
DPS Instructor Pilot. The training zone shall be surveyed for obstructions during daylight
hours prior to night operations.
3) Frequently used heliports and landing zones designated by the supervising Captain
can receive a waiver from the Training Major. The Training Major will keep
documentation of the waiver.
b. Any flight hazards surrounding the area.
c. Hazardous or loose debris in the area.
d. Surface conditions in the landing area.
e. Potential hazard to persons or property on the ground.
f. Wind direction and velocity.
g. "Out of ground effect" (OGE) hover power is available for landing in confined areas.
h. When departing an off airport landing site at night, the pilot should consider the benefit of a
vertical altitude over airspeed departure up to 150’ AGL prior to transitioning into forward flight
to insure the clearance of unseen obstacles.
2. Fixed wing aircraft shall not make off airport landings unless necessary to prevent or intervene in
life‐threatening situations. When necessary to make an off airport landing, the pilot‐in‐command
shall ascertain the following information prior to landing:
a. That information required for helicopter landings (above), plus;
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 b. Length of the landing and roll out area available.
30.08 Hot Refueling Operations. DPS aircraft shall not be fueled with engine(s) operating or electrical
equipment on.
30.09 Hearing and Eye Protection. All crewmembers will wear hearing protectors, headsets, or flight
helmets to afford them maximum protection against excessive noise. Eye protection shall be provided
and utilized by all crewmembers and support personnel. Crewmembers shall encourage all passengers to
wear hearing protectors or headsets.
30.10 Contraband Aboard DPS Aircraft. Contraband may be placed aboard and/or moved by DPS
aircraft, provided a DPS Pilot ensures that the operation is conducted within the following guidelines:
1. The Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot has approved the operation. If the contraband is a
"Controlled Substance", the Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot will request approval of the
Deputy Director.
a. An exception to this regulation is authorized when an operation requires a DPS Pilot to take
immediate custody and control of the contraband and time does not allow for obtaining
approval. If this exception is exercised, the Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot shall be
notified as soon as practical thereafter.
2. During eradication operations, the aerial movement of harvested marijuana may be conducted
without prior approval or notification of the Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot.
30.11 Prisoner/High Risk Witness Movement. DPS Pilots will conduct aerial movement of prisoners
and/or high‐risk witnesses when such movement is feasible. The guidelines for operations of this nature
are as follows:
1. The pilot‐in‐command of the requested aircraft will make a determination as to the feasibility of
such flights by conferring with police officers from the entity requesting such support.
2. The pilot‐in‐command shall have the sole responsibility for determining what restraint devices
and security measures will be utilized during movement of prisoners.
a. The pilot‐in‐command will utilize all available information about the prisoner and the
circumstances to determine what security devices will be used for the prisoner movement.
b. The entity requesting prisoner movement will make provisions for security personnel as
requested by the pilot‐in‐command.
c. The pilot‐in‐command will ensure that during flight, the prisoner is seated as far from the
aircraft control stations as possible.
3. The security measures needed for high‐risk witness movement will be made by the entity
requesting such movement. If the pilot‐in‐command determines that additional security is needed,
the entity requesting such movement will provide the security measures.
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 30.12 Authority to Fly Out‐of‐State. The Aircraft Division's aerial support role often requires flights out
of state. Such flights are authorized in accordance with the following established procedures:
1. Scheduled out of state flights must be approved by the Assistant Directors, the Deputy Director,
or the Director prior to departure.
a. Upon receiving a request for such a flight, the DPS Pilot will provide the individual making the
request with a general overview of the flight time involved, aircraft availability, and feasibility of
the flight.
b. If it is determined that the flight is feasible, the DPS Pilot will inform the individual requesting
the flight to seek approval through his/her DPS chain of command.
c. If the flight request reaches the Deputy Director or Director and approval is received at that
level, the Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot must be informed of his/her decision.
d. The Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot will then authorize the appropriate Lieutenant or
pilot‐in‐command to allow the flight to proceed.
2. A DPS Pilot has the authority to continue a surveillance flight out of state without prior approval if
the flight is conducted within the following guidelines:
a. In no instance will a flight of this nature be conducted outside of United States airspace.
b. Prior to departing Texas, the pilot‐in‐command shall contact his/her supervisor by the most
expeditious means appropriate. That supervisor will contact the headquarters office regarding
the status of the flight. The Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot will notify the Director's office
regarding the flight.
c. In order to keep the Deputy Director informed, as to the status of all out of state
surveillances, the Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot will be continually updated on
operations of this sort.
30.13 Unattended DPS Aircraft. DPS aircraft shall not be left unattended while an engine(s) is running.
However, if a true emergency requires deviation from this procedure, the following steps shall be taken:
1. Airplanes shall not be left unattended with the engines running for any reason.
2. Helicopter engine(s) shall be at idle power with flat pitch and cyclic and collective controls friction
locked.
30.14 Practice Autorotations. Practice autorotations shall not be conducted in Department helicopters
except with designated DPS Check Pilots, FAA Examiners, or instructor pilots of commercial training
facilities approved by the Chief Pilot. Touchdown autorotations will not be practiced in DPS helicopters
without specific, flight‐by‐flight approval of the Chief Pilot.
30.15 Removal of Doors. A flight, with doors removed, shall be conducted in strict compliance with the
procedures established in the Pilot’s Operating Handbook. In addition, special care shall be exercised to
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 ensure that all passengers, who will occupy the open portion of the fuselage, receive a thorough safety
briefing. If any passenger is going to be leaning, reaching, shooting, etc. from the open doorway, a
backup restraining device shall be used in addition to the seat belt. Backup restraining devices are not
required for passengers who will be rappelling from the aircraft.
30.16 Rappelling Operations. The pilot‐in‐command must have successfully completed an approved DPS
Aircraft Division training period on rappelling operations. No person shall be allowed to rappel from a
DPS aircraft, except for training purposes, which has not successfully completed an approved rappelling
course. Prior approval for training or demonstration exercises shall be obtained from the Chief Pilot or
Assistant Chief Pilot.
30.17 Water Rescue/Lift Rescue Operations. The pilot‐in‐command must have successfully completed
an approved DPS Aircraft Division training period on water rescue operations and on the use of the lift
equipment. Only the lift equipment issued to each helicopter station shall be used for rescue lifts. All lift
operations must have an observer who is thoroughly briefed on the operation of the equipment and on
commands needed to direct the pilot to the victim. Prior approval for training or demonstration
exercises shall be obtained from the Chief Pilot or Assistant Chief Pilot.
30.18 Use of Observers. Surveillance flights shall not be conducted without the use of an observer. Only
in unusual circumstances should the observer be a second pilot. (See Annex # 7)
30.19 Firing Weapons from DPS Aircraft.
1. Training Procedures. Weapons training, utilizing an aircraft as a firing platform, shall be conducted
in accordance with the following guidelines:
a. Prior approval for training exercises shall be obtained from the Chief Pilot or the Assistant
Chief Pilot.
b. All personnel involved in the training exercise shall be thoroughly briefed by the pilot‐in‐
command regarding entering and exiting the aircraft, restraining devices, direction to point
weapons, command to load, command to commence firing, command to cease firing, and any
other pertinent safety instructions.
c. Prior to carrying any personnel for purposes of firing, the pilot‐in‐command shall make an
aerial reconnaissance of the range and surrounding area to ensure a clear range and clear
impact area.
d. The pilot‐in‐command, or his/her designee, shall not give the command to commence firing
until well clear of all ground personnel, and shall give the command to cease firing prior to
making any turns away from the designated impact area.
2. Tactical Situations. All Aircraft Division personnel shall familiarize themselves with the sections of
the Penal Code that apply to use of force. Paragraph 05.24.00 of the DPS General Manual makes
reference to those sections of the Penal Code. No more force than is necessary shall be used! Prior
to take off, the pilot‐in‐command shall thoroughly brief all armed officers of the following tactical
guidelines:
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 a. No person shall fire a weapon from a DPS aircraft without an “all clear” command from
the pilot‐in‐command. Officers will be briefed to understand that an "all clear" is not a
command to commence firing, and does not relieve the individual officer of the
responsibility of the decision to use deadly force.
b. The pilot‐in‐command shall not give an "all clear" command until he/she has reasonably
ensured that gunfire properly directed from the aircraft will not endanger innocent bystanders.
c. Officers will be advised of the potential hazards of firing into a main rotor blade during tight
turns.
d. Armed officers aboard the aircraft will strictly adhere to the following weapon safety
procedures:
1) Weapons will be kept on "safety" until the officer receives an "all clear" command from
the pilot‐in‐command.
2) Weapons will always be pointed down and away from the cockpit area.
04.35.00 NIGHT VISION GOGGLES - GENERAL
This section contains specific procedures related to Helicopter Night Vision Goggle Operations (HNVGO).
HNVGO shall be conducted in accordance with the procedures contained herein, the General Operations
Manual, and other applicable regulations. All crewmembers who conduct HNVGO shall adhere to the
provisions of this section.

04.40.00 AIRWORTHINESS, MAINTENANCE AND SECURITY OF NIGHT VISION EQUIPMENT
40.01 Aircraft Preflight
1. Confirm proper operation of NVG lighting.
2. Insure windscreen/windows are clean and free from defects which degrade visual acuity.

40.02 Night Vision Goggle Preflight
1. Check the Night Vision Goggle Maintenance and Inspection log for unresolved discrepancies and
current inspection. (Note: The NVG maintenance and inspection log shall be kept in the goggle
storage case.)
2. NVG preflight preparation for use.

3. Insure batteries are properly installed. (Caution: be sure the power module is off before installing
the batteries. Ensure only 1.5 VDC AA Alkaline batteries are used.
a. Mount the Low Profile Battery Pack onto the Velcro fastener(s) on the back of the helmet.
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 b.
c.
d.
e.

Ensure power connector is connected to NVG mount.
Low-Battery Indicator/Electrical check as per operators manual.
Attach the Binocular Assembly to the Helmet Mount Assembly.
Insure that fresh no-time batteries are in the alternate (left) compartment before beginning a
flight. Some used batteries have many hours of life remaining. These batteries may be used in
the primary (right) compartment.

40.03 Minimum Equipment List
1. Check for MEL deferred items critical to NVG flight.

40.04 Reporting of NVG Equipment Discrepancies.
1. The person (pilot or non-pilot crewmember) will record the discrepancy on the NVG Maintenance
and Inspection Log.
2. The PIC shall inform maintenance of the discrepancy, and insure that the equipment is not used
until the discrepancy is cleared by authorized maintenance personnel.

40.05. Security of Night Vision Goggles
1. NVG’s and associated equipment are considered “security sensitive” by the U.S. government and
shall be maintained under the control of authorized personnel.
2. The NVG’s shall not be taken away from DPS Aircraft controlled property except when in use of
their stated purpose by NVG qualified personnel.

3. Unauthorized use of the NVG’s is prohibited.
4. The NVG’s shall be stored in the provided container and kept in a secure location when not in use,
or HNVGO is not anticipated.
5. The NVG’s should not be left unattended at any time. This does not prohibit brief periods away
from the aircraft on scene flights or during passenger loading or unloading. In these
circumstances, efforts shall be made to insure that the aircraft is not completely unattended.

40.06 CREWMEMBER RESPONSIBILITIES
40.07 Pilot/CoPilot/TFO Responsibility
1. Duties, responsibilities and authority.
a. Inspect NVG’s to be used on mission and insure that the 180 day inspection requirement is
current.
b. Issue NVG’s to non-pilot crewmembers.
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 c. Review the non-pilot crewmembers HNVGO record book to insure that crewmembers are
current.
d. The Pilot-in-command shall conduct a crew briefing prior to each shift, including:
1) General weather conditions.
2) Light discipline.
3) Confirm that the NVG equipment has been preflighted and there are no restrictions to
HNVGO.
2. Insure that the NVG’s are stored in a safe and secure area when not in use. The NVG’s should not
be left unattended at any time.
3. Logging HNVGO’s.
a. Pilots shall maintain a log of HNVGO’s on Flight and Duty Time Log. Tracking of NVG currency
will be a continuous 60 day review.
b. An HNVGO, for the purpose of recency of experience, must include a flight utilizing NVG’s
wherein the pilot is the sole manipulator of the flight controls during the period beginning 1
hour after sunset and ending 1 hour before sunrise (as published in the Air Almanac):

4. Training and Qualification

a. No pilot may fly a HNVGO carrying passengers unless he/she is qualified and current in NVG
operations. A pilot may fly a HNVGO without passengers in order to obtain NVG currency as
described below in Crewmember Responsibility – Recency of Experience.

b. No pilot may fly a HNVGO unless, during the preceding 12 calendar months, he/she has
completed an approved NVG Initial or Recurrent Qualification ground and flight training.

c. Initial and recurrent qualification will be approved and documented by a NVG qualified
instructor.

5. Recency of Experience

a. No person may act as a pilot in command using NVG’s with passengers onboard unless, within
the preceding 60 days, that person performs and logs six HNVGO’s as described in Crewmember
Responsibility – Logging HNVGO’s above.

b. No person may act as a pilot in command using NVG’s, unless, within the preceding 120 days,
that person performs and logs three HNVGO’s as described in Crewmember Responsibility –
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 Logging HNVGO’s above. * Note: this paragraph provides an additional 60 days for a pilot to
regain recency of experience should their recency lapse.

c. Night Vision Goggle Proficiency Check

1) A person who does not meet the night vision goggle experience requirements of the
paragraph in Crewmember Responsibility – Recency of Experience of this section, may not
act as pilot in command using night vision goggles until that person passes a night vision
goggle proficiency check. The proficiency check must be performed in the category of
aircraft that is appropriate to the night vision goggle operation the person is seeking or in a
flight simulator or flight training device that is representative of that category of aircraft and
that has been approved for NVG training. The check must consist of the tasks listed in the
NVG training program, and the check must be performed by:

(i) An examiner who is qualified and current to perform night vision goggle operations in
that same aircraft category and class;
(ii) A DPS Aircraft pilot who is authorized to perform night vision goggle proficiency checks;
(iii) An authorized flight instructor who is qualified and current to perform night vision
goggle operations in that same aircraft category and class;
(iv) A person approved by the Administrator to perform night vision goggle proficiency
checks.

40.08 FLIGHT OPERATIONS
1. Preflight and Departure
1. Area of Operations
a. No change from the DPS Aircraft Flight Operations Manual.
2. Route Planning

a. When HNVGO is to be conducted, route planning shall include:
1) The potential impact of terrain, obstacles such as wires and towers, and other significant
features to the flight.
2) IMC procedures if unanticipated weather is encountered.
3) Other preflight planning information as required by the DPS Aircraft Flight Operations
Manual.

3. HNVGO Ceiling and Visibility Requirements

a. The Visual Flight Rules (VFR) listed in the DPS Aircraft Flight Operations Manual shall apply.
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 b. At no time shall NVG’s be utilized to continue flight into weather minimums below those listed in
the DPS Aircraft Flight Operations Manual.

4. Fuel Requirements

a. No change from the DPS Aircraft Flight Operations Manual.

5. Briefing of Passengers

a. When practical, passengers shall be briefed that the crew will utilize NVG equipment during
flight.

6. Equipment Requirements (NVG Flights)

a. To conduct HNVGO, the following equipment must be on the aircraft and fully operational;
1) Approved NVG cockpit and (if required) cabin lighting.
2) NVG’s for required crewmembers, as appropriate.
3) Other equipment for night flight as specified in the DPS Aircraft Flight Operations Manual.

2. Enroute

1. Helicopter Surface Reference
a. The aircraft shall not be operated under VFR unless the pilot has visual surface reference or, at
night, visual surface lights or aided reference, sufficient to safely control the helicopter.

3. Crew Concept

1. The pilot will ensure all crewmembers are familiar with their duties and responsibilities.

2. The pilot will communicate properly with crewmembers during flight and respond to
crewmembers voice calls / recommendations accordingly.

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 3. Pilot in Command: The person designated as PIC is directly responsible for, and is the final
authority as to, the operation of the aircraft. He is expected to utilize all available resources in
reaching a final decision. The PIC shall require participation by any non-pilot crewmember who is
utilizing NVG.

4. Non-Pilot crewmember (HNVGO): A person designated as a non-pilot crewmember is responsible
to act as directed by the pilot in command. The crewmember shall participate in the decision
making process by offering timely suggestions, and opinions. When not engaged in HNVGO duties,
the non-pilot crewmember reverts to his other assigned duty such as FLIR operator.

4. Sterile Cockpit

1. No change from the DPS Aircraft Flight Operations Manual.

5. Light Discipline

1. When conducting HNVGO, no lighting shall be utilized which interferes with NVG operations.

2. Interior lights may be utilized if they are NVG compatible or are properly isolated from the crew.

3. Use of landing and search lights will be as required by conditions.

4. The PIC may determine that, in the interest of safety due to operating conditions, the anti-collision
light(s) may be turned off, as per CFR 14 PART 91.209.

6. Crew Communication

2. Crews shall use standard or generally accepted aviation terminology during critical phases of flight.
The pilot in command will ensure that all crewmembers understand these terms prior to HNVGO.

3. Examples of standard terminology are:

a. Go Around: Means to immediately discontinue the approach and climb clear of the landing
area.
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 b. Abort the Takeoff: Means to immediately discontinue the takeoff and bring the aircraft to a full
stop.

c. Move left, right, forward, aft: Means to move the aircraft in the stated direction without
turning the nose / tail of the helicopter about the main rotor mast.

d. Turn the tail left or right: Means perform a pedal turn in the stated direction, with the tail of
the helicopter to move in the stated direction.

e. Stop: Means to bring the aircraft to a complete stop at a hover.

Note: All directional movements are assuming a view from the pilot seat looking forward.
40.09 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
1. Inadvertent IMC
1. Do not try to return to visual conditions. Doing so will lead to Spatial Disorientation or CFIT.

2. Immediately transition to the instruments.

3. Attitude (level the wings).

4. Heading (turn ONLY if you have obstacles to your front).

5. Torque (climb torque).

6. Airspeed (stable, at least VY).

7. Climb to safe altitude, level off, stabilize the aircraft and then:

8. Contact ATC and declare an EMERGENCY.

9. Follow their directions, and stay focused on your instruments.

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 2. NVG Equipment Malfunction
1. Announce “Goggle Failure”.

2. Low altitude operations: initiate a climb (AHTA Attitude, Heading, Torque, Airspeed).

3. Switch to the backup battery position on the battery pack.

4. If night vision is restored: continue flight.

5. If night vision is not restored: stow goggles and transition to unaided flight. Note: It takes time to
regain normal night unaided vision.

40.10 MANEUVERS
1. Flight maneuvers are conducted in the same manner as described in the NVG Flight Maneuver Guide
and in accordance with the procedures in the DPS Aircraft training program.
40.11 REPORTS AND FORMS
1. Training Forms
1. See Chapter 5 in this manual.

2. NVG Maintenance Record and Logbook (Air-10)

1. The NVG Maintenance Record and Logbook (Annex #10) shall be completed by the pilot or nonpilot crewmember.

40.12 NVG INSTRUCTORS
1. A flight instructor may not conduct pilot or non-pilot crewmember training for NVG Operations
unless that flight instructor:

1. Is a company flight instructor with the applicable category and class rating for that night vision
goggle training;

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 2. Has logged at least 50 HNVGO’s as the sole manipulator of the controls;

3. Is current and qualified to act as a pilot in command in NVG operations.

40.13 DEFINITIONS
1. Aided Night Flight – is a flight where the pilot uses night vision goggles to maintain visual surface
reference in an aircraft.
2. Night Vision Goggles (NVG) –is an appliance worn by a pilot that enhances the pilot’s ability to
maintain visual surface reference at night.

3. Helicopter Night Vision Goggle Operations (HNVGO) – is a flight at night where the pilot maintains
visual surface reference utilizing night vision goggles in an aircraft that is approved for night vision
goggle operations.

4. Unaided Night Flight – is a flight at night where the pilot either does not use night vision goggles or
the night vision goggles are in a non-operational position.

04.45.00 POST‐FLIGHT PROCEDURES
Upon completion of a flight assignment, the pilot‐in‐command shall ensure that the following post‐flight
procedures are adhered to:
45.01 Close Flight Plan. If a flight plan was filed, ensure that it has been closed out. If DPS
communications was utilized as flight following, ensure that they are advised of arrival.
45.02 Post‐Flight Inspection. Complete the post‐flight inspection procedures as per the aircraft
operator's manual.
45.03 Refueling of Aircraft. Prior to storage, DPS aircraft shall be refueled with sufficient fuel to ensure
immediate response to any location in the area of assigned area of responsibility, unless it is known that
a light fuel load is required for the next scheduled flight, or the airport where the aircraft is stored offers
24‐hour fuel service.
45.04 Aircraft Out‐of‐Service. Any maintenance discrepancy that will cause an aircraft to be out‐of‐
service shall immediately be reported to the appropriate Lieutenant, the Assistant Chief Pilot, or the
Chief Pilot for determination of action. The pilot‐in‐command shall ensure that all pilots who might
operate the aircraft are aware of the maintenance discrepancy.
45.05 Limited Mission Capability. Any maintenance discrepancy, that will cause a downgrading of
mission capability, shall immediately be reported to the appropriate Lieutenant and to other pilots who
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 might operate the aircraft prior to correction of the discrepancy.
45.06 Aircraft Security. Every feasible precaution shall be exercised to ensure adequate security of DPS
aircraft. As a minimum, the following procedures shall be adhered to:

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 1. DPS aircraft will normally be stored in a locked or guarded hangar with the anti‐theft switch in the
disable position.
2. When hangar facilities are not available or not practical, the aircraft will be secured utilizing the
tie downs, gust lock, rotor tie down, doors locked, and anti‐theft switch in the disable position.
Headsets and other articles that can be reached through the sliding windows shall be removed.
3. Anytime DPS aircraft are left unattended, the doors shall be locked and the anti‐theft switch
placed in the disable position. An exception to this procedure is allowed when necessary for
maintenance or service.

04.40.00 COMMUNICATIONS
Aircraft crews will contact DPS Communications upon takeoff and advise the call sign of the aircraft, Radio
ID number of DPS crewmembers, total number on board, destination, and whether Communication Status
Reporting will be required. If the aircraft will not be using an FAA flight plan or the Air Traffic Control
Radar Traffic Information System (Flight Following), DPS Communications will check the crew’s status every
hour while the aircraft is airborne.

For aircraft that travel from radio coverage of one facility to radio coverage of another facility,
crewmembers will advise the Communication station they are leaving the frequency to the next
Communication facility. To confirm the handoff of the transitioning aircraft, the former Communications
facility will notify the receiving Communications facility of the aircraft call sign, Radio ID number of
crewmembers, number on board, and destination of the transitioning aircraft. The receiving
Communications facility will conduct status checks every hour until the aircraft lands or flies out of the radio
coverage area to be passed onto the next Communication facility.

With termination of the flight the aircraft crew will advise the Communications facility that landing is
assured, at which point no further status checks will be conducted. If a flight crew does not respond to a
status check in a timely manner, a text will be sent to the crewmembers advising of the lost
communication. After an additional 30 minutes of no response from the crew, the local Aircraft Operations
Captain or the crewmember’s chain of command will be notified.
40.01 Aircraft Mission Status. Each duty station will be responsible for updating Digital Airware with
personnel and aircraft availability utilizing the Status Board function each Monday. The Status Board shall
be updated with any changes to personnel or aircraft availability.
40.02 Aircraft Out‐of‐Service. When a DPS aircraft goes on non‐available status for any reason
(maintenance problems, pilot not available, etc.), it shall be the responsibility of the appropriate
Captain to ensure that Digital Airware is updated and the appropriate regional communications facility
are notified immediately.
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 40.04 Monitoring of DPS Channels. While airborne, DPS pilots will normally monitor the primary DPS
Communication Channel for the area of operation unless the mission requires air to ground
communication with ground units on other frequencies. If this situation develops and mission security is
not a factor, the pilot should inform the nearest DPS communications facility as to which frequency is
going to be monitored.
40.05 Air Traffic Control (ATC) Facilities. It will be the responsibility of the pilot‐in‐command to establish
all required communications with Air Traffic Control (ATC) facilities. Unless the security of the mission
would be jeopardized, ATC should be kept informed concerning the nature of the mission and any
special handling or priority that will be necessary to accomplish the mission. When special handling or
priority is denied by ATC, the pilot‐in‐command shall comply with ATC instructions, unless a life‐
threatening emergency exists.40.06 In‐Flight Emergencies. Should an in‐flight emergency situation occur,
the pilot‐in‐command shall decide whether or not to broadcast a "Mayday" message on a DPS frequency
or an ATC frequency. Whatever frequency is used, the pilot shall broadcast "Mayday‐Mayday‐Mayday",
and give the aircraft identification and location. If time permits, give any amplifying information that may
be necessary.

40.08 Pilot Availability. When on duty or on call and not flying, all DPS pilots shall keep their local office
and/or dispatcher continually informed as to their status, whereabouts, and how to be contacted. In
addition, all crewmembers will carry their cellular telephone anytime they are away from their
residence and subject to call.

04.45.00 FLIGHT SUITS AND SAFETY EQUIPMENT
Each DPS crewmember will be issued flame-resistant flight suits, flame-resistant gloves, and flight
helmets. While serving as a crewmember of a helicopter, it is required that this equipment be worn at
all times, except when identification as a police officer would jeopardize the security of the mission or
when it would clearly be inappropriate attire. This safety equipment and armor vests shall be worn on
any flight where gunfire is anticipated.
45.01 Wearing of Pistol. The following policy is established regarding wearing a pistol:
1. Unless circumstances require that a pilot wearing a flight suit not be identified as a police officer,
the nametag, badge, Aircraft shoulder patch, holster rig, and pistol shall be worn with the flight suit.
2. In an office environment, or when circumstances require the commissioned pilot to not be
identified as a police officer, the flight suit may be worn without the nametag, badge, rank insignia,
holster rig, and pistol.
3. Whether wearing a flight suit or civilian clothing, anytime a pistol is worn in an unconcealed
manner, the c o m m i s s i o n e d pilot will wear an unconcealed badge. Anytime a
c o m m i s s i o n e d pilot is wearing an unconcealed badge, or a nametag that identifies him/her
as a police officer, he/she shall be armed.

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 04.50.00 SEIZED AIRCRAFT PROCEDURES
Upon request, Aircraft Division personnel will assist the Criminal Law Enforcement Division in any way
possible during the process of seizing an aircraft.
50.01 Preparation for Ferry Flight. Prior to the movement of a seized aircraft to a secured storage area,
the following procedures will be adhered to:
1. A ferry crew, approved by the Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot, will be dispatched to the
location of the seized aircraft.

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 2. A qualified mechanic will be dispatched to ensure airworthiness if there is any doubt as to the
safe operating condition of the seized aircraft.
3. The ferry crew will verify, absent exigent circumstances, that permission has been obtained from
the presiding magistrate and obtained written proof thereof, to move the seized aircraft to a secure
storage location, if such location will be outside of the county where the offense occurred.
4. The ferry crew will ensure that a complete, itemized inventory of all aircraft avionics equipment
and specialized aircraft equipment (such as air conditioner, STOL kit, extended range fuel tanks, etc.)
aboard the aircraft is made.
50.02 Ferry Flight. Anytime Aircraft Division personnel are utilized as any part of the ferry crew assigned
to move a seized aircraft, the following procedures will be adhered to:
1. The pilot‐in‐command must be rated in and certified by the Chief Pilot to fly the category and
class of aircraft to be ferried.
2. If two DPS Pilots are available, they should comprise the ferry crew.
3. Ferry flights will be made in VFR weather conditions and in daylight hours only.
4. If a DPS aircraft of comparable speed is available, this aircraft should be utilized as a chase ship to
determine if any external problems are developing.
50.03 Completion of Ferry Flight. Prior to storage of the seized aircraft, the ferry crew shall remove all
aircraft paperwork such as airworthiness certificate, registration, radio station license, Pilot’s Operating
Handbook, engine and airframe logbooks, and all maintenance records. This paperwork will either be
delivered to the local law enforcement supervisor who is taking responsibility for the aircraft, or be hand
delivered to the Austin Aircraft Division office.
50.04 Notification of Seized Aircraft. Any DPS Pilot who has knowledge of a seized aircraft shall
immediately notify the Chief Pilot or the Assistant Chief Pilot of the particulars. The Chief Pilot or the
Assistant Chief Pilot will then notify the Director or the Deputy Director.

04.55.00 JET FUEL STORAGE
Jet fuel may be stored in and pumped from approved permanent fuel storage tank at the Houston DPS
heliport. The procedures denoted in the Fuel Storage Checklist (Annex # 8) will be strictly adhered to.
Jet fuel may be stored in and pumped from approved, DPS operated jet fuel trailers. Procedures
pertaining to operation, movement, safety, and the logging of activity denoted in the Fuel Trailer
Checklist (Annex # 9) will be strictly adhered to. At locations where fuel trailers are based, jet fuel from
the trailers will routinely be utilized for turbine powered DPS aircraft in order to avoid "stale" fuel in the
trailers.

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