• Ollclal 2D18C013 MPS>Dl.S>UCPJ MPS-0728189 ..,. .. \ • - . , ... ,..�--·----'---.;...' ---- UOC::./'\7?.A1 ,:;o • Official 20180313 MPS>CLS>UCPI MPS-0728159 Tradccraft - Binder 2 Contents 1. - 2. BNP checks co root out UC's 3. Open source doc. Ecodefensc: A 6cld Guide co Monlceywrenc:hiog. 4. 5. TRADECRAFT MANUAL 6. Appendix B • [3] 7. _Appendix C • SOS Practical advice 8. Appendix D • Tactics in disorder situations. 9. Appendix E - Surname Analyses 10. Appendix F - Guide co o,.agent provocateur". 11. Appendix G • Rerzjsttation ofbirths, deaths and marriages and ass. [)pcs. - 12. Appendix H • 13. MPS-072B159 • • Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728160 e Extension ___ Date ___19_ ,[discussion paper (draft) ... File in "Misc" box SOS Fieldcraft ... presented by ...) MPS-0728160 .,. Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI ,. . MPS-0728160 IA .n1s repar,: concerns -c:ne prov1s1.on ot additional 111a:npower in support of the clandestine bona fides of SDS field operatives . • Remainder of this document (including an additional 4 pages) redacted • MPS-0728160 • Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI METROPOLITAN POLJCE MPS-0728161 [13] Special Branch Operationr Sllppm (Specfal Dulia s«tion) 16" May 2001 BRANCH NOTE • · BNP: Hostile Enquiries lato Sasp«t Activist This Note concerns hostile enquiries lll8de recently be a Brilish Nalional Pany (BNP) member into an adivist suspected of being a 'State Asset'. An Wlcbstanding of the type of enquiries made, alld the awseness of the BNP oflikelywlderc:over 'legelll building' methods canonly be ofbenefrt to this Uiit. • • MPS-0728161 Of?cial 20180313 MIPS-0728161 Conclusion Submitted. [16] MIPS-0728161 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI Be prepared MPS-0728162 Page 1 of5 [The following is from Ecode/ense: A Field Guide to Monkeywrenching, pp. 295-308. While focusing on environmentalism, the information is of value to anarchsits.] POLICE UNDERCOVER OPERATIONS (1) by "Mollie Maguire" Undercover police activity has become a standard feature of the contemporary political terrain. Disclosures in recent years indicate that environmentalist, anti-nuclear, and animal rights groups are likely to be targeted for surreptitious investigation. This can take many forms, from an inconspicuous stranger who turns up to help at a demonstration, to a trained "deep cover'' operative who may spend yeras working inside a target organization These operations can be launched locally by a police or sheriff's department, or by any of a number of federal agencies, such as the Forest Service, which now has the third largest law enforcement staff in the federal government. Another major source of inside information for investigators is the "Cl" or •confidential infonnant." These infonners can be private citizens recruited to infiltrate a group, or fearful members who turn on their friends (usually to save themselves). Without the existence of the Cl, or "snitch," there would in fact be very few arrests made for major crimes. However, Cls do have major shortcomings from a police perspective, including their general unreliability, questionable status as testifying witnesses, and frequent refusal to testify in open court. Therefore, the infonnation garnered from a Cl must be backed up by the testimony of undercover police officers or supplemented by intensive police investigation (whicll may involve surveillance and the use of search warrants) to build a case without putting the infonner on the witness stand. In fact, the use of a Cl in an arrest is usually not revealed, so the investigation may appear to be nothing more than competent police work. Any monkeywrencher who suspects surveillance, should examine associated. study who has access to information now believed to be in the hands of the police. notice anyone who suddenly attempts to distance themselves, and be alert to any other indication that investigators are receiving inside information. The Undercover Infiltrator Both government agencies and private companies are routinely involved in running undercover operations. Small police departments and private firms (ranging from the large agencies like Pinkerton and Burns down to the security divisions maintained by large corporations and often staffed by formerl law enforcement agents) typically rely on the solitary agent to ferret out infonnation which is then passed on to the agent's supervisors. Larger state and Federal agencies have the resources to mount far more extensive intiltration efforts. Major efforts entail a team approach. with extensive backup equipment and personnel to exploit the infonnation provided by the undercover cop. The team's job is to protect the undercover agent and assemble a mass of evidence so tht a subsequent prosecution doesn't rely entirely on the testimony of one officer. The increasing sophistication of undercover operations has made it more difficult to spot these people. Today's undercover officer can look and sound like anyone. Many years ago, an undercover cop might be exposed when suspicious associates pilfered his phone bill from a mailbox and found that it listed numerous calls to a recognizable police phone m.tmber. Those days are gone as the quality and training - http://www.radio4all.org/anarchy/police.html 4/8/0 I MPS-0728162 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI · Be prepared MPS-0728162 Page 2 of5 of undercover operatives has improved. Only the crudest attempts to infiltrate, such as those occurring at demonstrations or other well-publicized events, are likely to be obvious due to the appearance or demeanor of the plainclothes officer. There are two broad categories of undercover operative: deep cover and light cover. A deep cover operative "lives" the role. It may be someone with extensive experience in undercover - work, or a young person selected from an academy training class. Novices are actually preferred sometimes because they have not acquired the typically authoritarian habits that might give them away as cops, and also because they are less likely to be recognized by regular cops in the field who might unknowingly reveal their identity in a chance encou�ter. Deep cover operations are tightly compartmentalized within the investigating agency to prevent breaches of security or leaks by employees sympathetic to the group being infiltrated. These operations may be coordinated from isolated offices at training facilities like the FBI's Quantic o Academy or the Federal law enforcement training academy (western branch at Marana, Arizona). A deep cover agent is equipped with a false ID (usually retaining the real first name so she doesn't forget to respond to her name), and a skeleton of personal history, such as a business owner who will verify that so-and-so worked for them (and who will later notify the police that someone was inquiring). The agent's background may be kept close to the truth to prevent slip-ups. Finally, a deep­ cover agent may work a real job, rent a house or apartment, and live the role 24 hours a day. An undercover cop working under "light" cover may also have a false ID, but will most likely go home to his :family and nreal" life (usually in another city). Sometimes narcotics officers and other specially trained agents will be called on for these assignments. Going Undercover Most undercover infiltrations begin when the operative presents herself as a willing volunteer and joins organization. Often a confidential information is used to introduce the infiltrator to the group so that she will be more readily accepted. The Cl may then discreetyl drop from the scene. the targeted A high priority target organization may have a number ofCis and undercover operatives working at once, usually unknown to each other. Such multiple infiltration is used to test the veracity of the information provided. Undercover agents may also assume roles outside the target organiz.ation but designed to provide inside access. A favorlte is to pass themselves off as "writers" or members of the news media, or even as someone hoping to produce a documentary for public access television. A phony photographer or video camera crew will enhance the look of authenticity and make a record of people and actions for later use in identification and prosecution. This approach, when used at public gatherings, provides better quality information and photos than the old method of concealing surveillance cameras inside nearby buildings or parked vans. These undercover officers may also use this role to seek "confidential" interviews with monkeywrenchers and other underground activists. One of the Cls in the Arizona Five case played this role. Another widely used undercover role is that of a utility worker or phone company repair person. This approach is valuable for obtaining access to a suspect's living quarters or workplace. While inside, the http://www.radio4all.org/anarchy/police.html 4/8/01 MPS-0728162 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI · Be prepared MPS-0728162 Page3 of5 officer can plant listening devices, size up the security measures for a later "break-in," or look for evidence of illegality that can be used to obtain a search warrant. If the suspect is a renter, the landlord's cooperation may be sought to obtain legal access without a warrant, to provide nearby facilities for surveillance, or to provide cover for an undercover officer who may act as a handyman or building superintendent. If you rent, you should go out of your way to remain on good terms with your landlord. Even if your landlord doesn't tip you off to police inquiries, a sudden change in her behavior around you could alert you that something has happened to change her opinion of you, and that "something" just might be sudden police interest in you. The same rule applies to neighbors, employers, and coworkers. The people around you every day can provide the first warning of danger. If utility company workers come to your door seeking access and you didn't request service, you should request some ID first, and then call their office to verify their identity and their reasons for requesting entry. Look up the phone number yourself: since the number they provide could be as phony as their ID card. However, remember also that acting unduly suspicious might cause a bona fide repair person to wonder just what you might have to hide. Yet another undercover role is that of the phony "lawyer" who contacts a suspect before the shock of arrest wears off in an effort to elicit infonnation. This person may claim to be a lawyer, or may just use subterfuge to create this impression. You can, of course, ask for some ID such as a state bar membership card. The period immediately after arrest is a dangerous time. Even after you take on an authentic lawyer to represent you, you may want time to think about your situation before deciding how straightforward you want to be with your attorney. Contrary to the old adage, it is not necessarily essential that your lawyer know everything. For instance, your lawyer may not need to know that you're guilty, just that you intend to plead innocent. Similar to the phony lawyer approach is that of the fake court official. This person may ask you for a statement or ask you to fill out a fonn (to be used for handwriting comparison). If someone like this approaches you, verify the person's identity before doing anything else. If you are in jai� the prisoner sharing your cell may be an undercover operative, usually a "jail-house snitch" who routinely seeks infonnation for the authorities from talkative prisoners. Finally, the prosecution may attempt to place an infonnant in your legal defense committee. Undercover Tactics The frst task of an undercover infiltrator is to gain unquestioning acceptance within the group. Often she will play it cool, do volunteer work, and bide her time, awaiting opportunity. The goal of undercover cops is to identify suspects and gather evidence for prosecution. They may volunteer for any job, just to widen their access to infonnation. Often they seek clerical or leadership roles to extend their influence and gain access to membership and contribution records. When the FBI was working to gippress the American Indian Movement. they had an undercover agent working as AlM's head of security. Sometimes, undercover agents may go beyond the identification of suspects and the gathering of evidence: they may actually encourage someone to participate in an illegal act, and then help the police set up the arrest of that person or persons (the classic "agent provocateur"). Don't make the mistake of thinking that this sort of thing is only found in spy novels, or went out of style with the demise of the Czarist secret police. There is a good deal of evidence to suggest that the decline of a number of http://www.radio4al1.org/anarchy/police.html 4/8/0 I MPS-0728162 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI · Be prepared MPS-0728162 Page4 ofS radical groups in the U.S. in the 19 60s and early 70s was speeded up by the judicious use of agents provocateurs (as well as simple infonnants) by both Federal and local police agencies. The undercover FBI agent in the Arizona Five case went so far with being a provocateur in his desperation to make a case, that he warned his supervisor that he had "an entrapment problem." - One way these agents try to spot potential monkeywrenchers they can set up for arrest is to act especially radical and "talk tough" when around other members of the group. If someone responds, the agent will then provide ideas. information, or equipment to the monkeywrencher(s) to encourage specific illegal acts which can later result in arrests. Such agents may brag of having participated in numerous illegal acts, in order to attract recruits. In early 1989, a story unfolded about the infiltration of animal rights and environmental organizations by several undercover operatives. In this case, the agents were apparently employed by a private security company whose clients included corporations under attack by animal rights activists for their abuse of laboratory animals. In one incident, these agents appear to have helped engineer an attempted bombing in which an animal rights activist was arrested. According to Ecomedia Bulletin, a Toronto anarchist publication, one agent (Mary Lou Sapone) was on the mailing lists of numerous animal rights and environmental groups. including Earth First!. Michael Faine, the FBI undercover agent, and several confidential informants in the infiunous Arizona Five set-up, are classic examples of the above types of infiltrators. The most valuable infonnation an undercover agent can obtain includes admissions of guilt and plans for future raids. The agent will often seek to record this information for later presentation in court. The basic way to do this is to "wear a wire," either a small transmitter or a recording device concealed on her person. If this is deemed too risky, the agent may try to arrange an incriminating conversation in a car or room that has been bugged in advance. Any such recording is completely legal, requiring no warrant, as long as one party present (the undercover cop) consents to allow the recording. When preselected locations are used to stage an incriminating session, hidden video earners using tiny "pinhole" lenses which are nearly impossible to spot may be used to make a record of non-verbal, but possibly incriminating evidence, such as the nod of a head, or the passing of a written communication. Electronic recording has become so common that often police agents questioning suspects openly will wear small recording devices. If a suspect makes an incriminating statement in the presence of an agent when not under electronic surveillance, the undercover agent may then try to arrange a second incriminating conversation at a time and place when it can be recorded. Note: Contrary to popular myth, an undercover cop does not have to admit being a cop if confronted with the accusation. Undercover operatives enjoy logistical support that greatly expands their ability to gather evidence. In addition to sophisticated electronics, they often use a wide variety of vehicles (usually confiscated) to allow unobtrusive surveillance. Measures taken against suspects fingered by an undercover operative include the following: • Physical surveillance of a suspect and her residence, which will continue during nighttime and other times when illegal actions are more likely to occur. • Video surveillance of a residence by cameras hidden in parked vehicles or nearby buildings. http://www.radio4all.org/anarchy/police.htm1 4/8/01 MPS-0728162 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728162 Page S of5 'Be prepared Remote video surveillance has become especially popular in rural areas where the physical presence of officers may stand out. Cameras may be hidden in brush and trees, with coaxial cables run to a monitoring post (perhaps in a neighbor's house). • Trash may be searched for incriminating items, names, and addresses of associated, financial records, records of travel, etc. Trash may be either directly retrieved from the suspect's trash can, or retrieved later from the trash truck after normal pickup. • A "pen register" may be installed on the suspect's phone line. This device makes a record of all phone numbers dialed but does not record conversations. Such a record may be useful in establishing a pattern of calling associated with illegal actions, and in establishing a suspect's associates. Undercover agents, wanting to frame a leader with whom have limited contact, will encourage an individual against whom they have incriminating recordings to phone the leader merely to establish evidence of contact in an effort to support conspiracy charges against the leader. • Banlc records may be scrutinized for signs of travel or incriminating purchases. These records sometimes may be secured unofficially, through the "good-old-boy" networ� since many former law enforcement personnel end up in banlc security posts. • Utility company records may be checked. These might show valuable infonnation. such as a drop in power usage which might indicate a prolonged absence at a key time. • Authority to conduct "mail cover" may be secured from postal authorities. This involves the recording of all the information on the outside of letters and packages (without opening them to check the contents). • A "bumper beeper" may be secured to the underside of a suspect's vehicle with wire or magnets. Such a device allows surveillance vehicles to track the suspects movements from a safe distance so as not to betray the agents' presence. Note that none of the above investigative methods requires a warrant. If the police can develop sufficient information (usually just a "pattern" of suspicious behavior) they can then obtain warrants for more invasive methods, such as phone taps, hidden microphones, and opening ofmail. The FBI bas very good success at getting pennission from federal judges to install phone taps and room bugs based on elaborate and often fanciful conspiracy theories. ENDPARTONE http://www.radio4all.org/anarchy/police.html 4/8/01 MPS-0728162 D'mdal 2018313 0 [17] Half?page document (item 4 on Contents page) redacted in full MB am 32 Offldlll 20180313 MPS>CLB>UCPI MP&-0728183 DEMONSTRATION SQUAD _.TRADECRAET MANUAi, MPS-On8163 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 TABLE OF CONTENTS L INTRODUCl10N 2. THE BADLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 5.7. INVOLVEMENT JN CRIME 5.8. ARREST 5.9. BOREDOM 5.10. [23] [Gist: "COMPROMISE"] 6. LIVING A NORMAL LIFE 6.1. INTRODUCTION 6,2, SAFE AREAS 6.3. MODE OF TRANSPORT 6.4. [24] [Gist: "ABSENCE"] 6.5. EFFECTIVE USE OF DOWNTIME 6.6. TARGET INDIVIDUALS NEAil HOME ADDRESS 7. SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES INVOLVING THE TARGET GROUP 7.1. SWP 7.2. ANARCHISTS 7.3. ANIMAL ACTIVISTS 7.4. ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVISTS 7.5. PACIFISTS 7.6. NON•ALIGNEDLJFESTYLELJBERTATIANS 7.7. SINGLE-ISSUE CAMPAIGNS m 7.8. IRISH 1.,. 7.10. 7.11. 7.12. MILITANT ANTI FASCISTS THE RIGBT WING 8. WITHDRAWAL 8.1. 8.2. 8.3. 8.4. 8.5. [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] 9. AFTERCARE 9.1. 9.2. 9.3, 9.4. RESTRICTIONS ON DUTIES AND TIME PERIODS RETURN TO SB LIFE AFTER AN SDS TOUR A VOIDING WEARIES AFTER THE SDS TOUR POST TRAUMATIC STRESS SYNDROME 3 MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 P.PS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 10.SUMMARY MPENDIXA MPENDIXB UPDATES TO MANUAL. [31] JAN.9S. [32] [33] (JAN 95) DISOJSSION PAPER ADVICE RE TRADECRAFT APPENDIXD �OM THE APPENDIXE SURNAME SURVEY AND ANALYSIS APPENDIX� CX>NFIDENTIAL MEMO 4 s� 4 MPS-0728183 Official 20180313 11.PS>Ol.S>UCPI 1. MPS-0728163 INTRODUCTION: 1.1 This manual of tradeaaft for the Special Demonstration Squad is designed both for new members oftbe squad and also as a guide to best praclice for members of the squad during their posting. The guide gives an insight into the diffaing techniques used t> set up and live a false identity and ploys used to deal with situations which may arise. Current and former field operatives have identified areas of dificulty and some sicgestions have been made as to effective solutions. However, the nature of the work is so varied that, while it is important to highlight those practices which should be avoided al all costs, it is not possible to give comprehensive instructions <11 evecy problem. Bach organisation of interest has it's own particular problems (which me dealt with ill greaier depth under the relevant gnq, headings) but it must be remembered that each officer is a separate individual whose own character detennines his or her proper approach to a speciic issue. It must be admitted that our means of constructing false identities limits our choices and introduces a real d. r of compromising our operation through using the same techniques. 12 At first it may seem a dauming prospect to enter the world of the "wearies". While new recruits will have been carefully scrutinised prior to arrival on the squad, nothing can prepare them for the reality of 8m work. The stiesses and strains of living a lie during both your working and personal time and the unremitting nan.are of that pressure throughout the posting creates a wholly unique lifestyle boch for operatives and dependants alike. However, before too long the •Back Office man" will pick up the necessary openting skills needed to cope. Once launched, the officer must survive on his or her wits until feeling entirely combtable in the role. From time to time problems will arise which will affect your •duff" or xQll life, the majority of which will be discussed below. On retwn to "nonnal" life after the posting the difficulties become less immediate but different pressures of discovery and recognition remain, both for the individual and the outfit as a whole. MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 2. THE BACK OFFICE: 2.1. OFFICE DUTIES 2.1.1. On arrival at the office the new recruit will be introduced to the mostly mundane du1ies expected of him or her. Monday and Thursday are taken up with meetings of the feld and office and the collection and dissemination of relevant files, reports and queries from one to the other. The searching of organisations and individuals, prepandion and stamping of reports take up most of Tuesday and Friday, leaving Wednesday as the one day a week to catch up on outstanding matters and to concentrate on your false identity. now in charge of clerical duties there should be With ■!WI more time available to spend researching. planning and talking to past and present field officers about different aspects of the job.) (BL note, June 95: 2.1.2. The most useful part of the week to a new recruit revolves around meeting days. You should try to spend time with those officers already in the field to pick up knowledge of the group you are targeted at and the more subtle behaviour which field officers develop through time to survive a double life. You will have a field officer assigned to you as a mentor and one should not be afraid to ask them any question you have, no matter how insignificant it may seem. Equally, one should not expect each officer to answer your query the same way, for different groups expect different behaviour from their members. (And even within the same group officers will perform differently according to their personalities.) 2.2. FIELD OfflCERS' REQUIREMENTS 2.2.1. The field officers are unable to make direct queries of SB(R), ARNI or other Force indices as well as sources outside the MPD. It is most important that their requests for files, printouts, telephone checks, registry or local LIO checks are carried out promptly because a report on an individual may be awaiting just such confinnation. A particular bugbear is that files are often elsewhere when you request them...try to keep on top of these requests and ask for them at regular intervals. 2.2.2. Equally important is the need to post diary sheets and other forms to each field officer when requested. You will soon know how irritating it is to attempt to complete your diary at a meeting without the notes you keep at home, or find you have run out of Fonn 287'0 or mileage ahect5, Equally, emurc the Monday Binder is always well stocked with fonns, or incur the wrath of the field! 6 MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI 2.3. MPS-0728163 CONSTRUCllVE USE OF DOWN TIME 2.3.1. The back office administration work is rarely fulfilling enough to interest one for five days a week. The quiet periods should be used constructively in researching your future four years. You should arrange days to travel to areas outside London that will feature in your false life story. You should find time to contact field officers in your target group to check your proposed life story with him or her and to iron out any apparent inconsistencies. · 2.4. RESEARCH INTO TARGET GROUP 2.4.1. There are two schools of thought in researching your target group prior to anival on the scene. In one case you enter the field as a political virgin and become educated by the group you have in<rated (groups �uch as the SWP accept this approach quite readily). The other possibility is to join your organisation with a level of sophisticated understanding of the interests of the group. (A history of veganism in animal rights, or an understanding of libertarian or anarchist views is an asset.) 2.4.2. If you decide to arrive on the scene as a newcomer, you should still know what sort of approach will not be successful. Treating members of the group with flippancy or aggression is inappropriate, as is the use of mcist, sexist, speciesist or sizeist language in the left wing and libertarian circles. The principle of finding the right attitude to approach the wearies works far better than an attempt to win them over by force of wit or charm alone. Whatever attitudes you utilise must fonn part of your own make up, for you will find it impossible to maintain an unnatural chamcter trait for a long period. All very basic stuff but worth mentioning! 24.3. If you want to come into your field with some understanding of the issues but without appearing to be a seasoned, knowledgeable individual, it is important not to show how much you know too quickly. If you are in a group that comes into conflict with the police on a regular basis, you should know some aspects of the law relating to public order and police procedures towards a detained person but not all - and remember to get some facts spectacularly wrong so you can be conected! As always, your contemporaries in your field will have ready access to the necessary documents you should read to become well informed. 7 MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 3. PREPARATION: 3.1. NAME 3.1.1. By tradition, the aspiring SOS officer's first major task on joining the back office was to spend hours and hours at St Catherine's House leafing through death registers in search of a name he could call his own. On finding a suitable ex-person, usually a deceased child or young person with a fairly anonymous name, the circumstances of his {or her) uD1imely demise was investigated. If the death was natural or otherwise unspectacular, and therefore unlikely to be findable in newspapers or other public records, the SDS officer would apply for a copy the dead person's birth certificate. Further research would follow to establish the respiratory status of the dead person's family, if any, and, if they were still breathing, where they were living. If all was suitably obscure and there was little chance of the SOS officer or, more importantly, one of the wearies running into the dead person's parents/siblings etc., the SOS officer would assume squatters' rights over the unfortunate's identity for the next four yeS1S. 3.1.2. All well and good, but we are all familiar with the story of an SOS officer being confronted with his •own' death certificate. 3.1.3. In 1994 it was reported that the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys {OPCS), the agency responsible for maintaining the statutory registers of births, marriages, and deaths, was in the process of computerisation. This news added to the growing unease among SOS managers regarding the risks inherent in adopting a provably false identity, that is to say an identity which hostile enquiry could expose as being that of a dead person. A disclosure of this nature would present several threats, both to the SOS officer concemed, and to the SOS operation as a whole. The use of a false identity would tend to indicate to a hostile enquirer that the SOS officer was more than a mere •state' informant; that he was, in fact, an undercover spy. A project was set in train to establish the extent of OPCS computerisation and what effect, if any, it would have on the SOS. It was considered that a computer system able to match the records of deaths and births quickly and easily, and which was accessible {legitimately or otherwise) to wearies or hostile enquireis would make it necessary to change operating procedures without delay. 3.1.4. The SDS management research confirmed many earlier fears that the traditional manner in which field officezs' identities were obtained was indeed unsafe. While the OPCS has developed and installed a computer system to record all births and deaths in England and Wales there will be no back-record conversion and, therefore, there will be no immediate risk of an enquirer being able to confirm with a simple search that his comrade, Joe Bloggs, is in fact dead. However, it was discovered that there are frequent informal and uncontrolled discussions and referrals between a number of agencies and OPCS to establish whether identities are genuine. 8 MPS-0728163 Off"ICial 20180313 MPS>DlS>UCPI MPS-0728183 The Frederick Forsyth novel 'The Day of. the Jade.al' explained how t> acquire documents in the name of a dead person. and the practice has proved popular among those who would defraud the benefit system or who wish t> travel abroad incognito. [38A] 3.1.S. In the past, an identity with a birth catificale was deemed necessary in order to oblain the docwnentation and paraphernalia associated with everyday life. The birth certificate was used as an identity document (which it is not) on which to base the acquisition of accommodation, driving licence, passport, bank account, etc. cern ate 1s not necessary r provisioo of any documentation It is, therefore, advisable to discontinue the practice of obtaining a birth certificate at al. It follows that an imaginary identity must now be made up b y the field officer. This paper seeks to offer tips and guidance in the selection of a new identity. Having said that, if matters have ;:ome so your weanes are m g you about your identity somdhing has gone seriously wrong. so much so that no amount of carefully coostructed cover will rescue your operation. The object of building good cover is to enable you to go a�ut your business with confidence, to reinforce the subconscious impression your field alter-ego will make on your \\aries, am to buy you the time you need to dispel suspicion. [43) Following 3 pages of the maooal (pages 10-12 mclus,ve) redacted in full on a provisKrlal basis 9 MPS-0728163 Offic:ial20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728183 ' (BL note, June 9S: Names are no longer obtained from the Death Register at St Catherine's House; However AC's description of the old system (paragrapi 3.2) is still one to be f.amiliar with as a lot of acthlists aue aware of it and use it themselves.) Fonner�m 3.2. 1. There are two ways you can come up with your false name. You can have a completely false identity made up for you �or obtain details of a dead child from St Catberine's House � identity. Each case hu its merits and problems. In bolb cases. avoid using the same identity as a fonner field officer! 13 MPS-0728163 Official 2.0180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728183 3.2.2. In the first case one should start by searching the death n:cords, noting folio references of potential candidates. Avoid infilnt deatm or people aged OYer 16 since the first ate easy to spot and the second will have rcc:ords in DSS which could be checked by the wearies. You should obtain as many potential names as possible to allow youto choose the most relevant. It is possible to look for a persoo who is your same age but it may suit you to by someone a little younger - after all someone in their late twenties is unlikely to be a new recruit to radical political activism. nee you chosen a surname or gn> up of surnames then search each one in tum through a series of death registers until you find records of deatm of males of the right age who died betMen the ages of 8 - 14. It is obvious to people who wodc at St. Catberine's that there is something odd about someone who spends all day poring over death registers, going through them page by page and making �ry occasional notes. It is better to appear as scmeone bacing his family tree but be ing uncertain as to first names of the 1amily members. since your behaviour will then be entirely consistent with such a story. 3.25. Once you find a relevant death. wodt out the approximate age and check back through the birth records until you find a match. (Since June 1969 the death records give the precise date of birth.) Just to make sure. send both the death and birth details to be searched by staff at CO. 3.2.7. One should also remember that a birth certificate may well give the current address of the parents of the child - so make sure your particular choice bas no cum.:nt link with the present inhabitants of the properties shown on the cenificaie. 14 MPS--0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 3.2.8. It is conceivable that a hostile enquiry into the details you have given may result in you being piesented with your own death certificate, and this has happened to a former colleague. One can avoid the problem to some extent by using the birth details of an adopted person who died as a child and who bad assumed the adoptive parea1S identity J:rior to death Another possibility is to find the birth details of a child with no father's dc:tails on the certificate and then using a different sumame which , could relate to a stepfather. The diticulty is in finding such a certificate. It is probably only possible through luck or personal koowledge of someone from your own past 3.3. (49) I The major bonus of being rhe driver is a clear opportumty to avoid arrest• the driver is always needed to get people home after a demo or action and there is oo shame in keeping away from trouble for that reason. Always remember that you should fit your driving history around this licence - don't taDc about burning up the Ml on a Hoooa Goldwing unless you have a motorcycle pass on your licence and don't mention your participation in the RAC rally in l 984 when the licence says you passed your test in 19861 [51] [Gist: "The redacted paragraphs address cover documents and backstopping cover identities."] MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI 3.8. [52] MPS-0728163 PUSONAL IUSTORY [Gist: "These redacted paragraphs address specific details about the cover identities of undercover officers."] 16 MPS-0728163 Offieial 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 3.8.4. Once you haYe been armed with an easy t o remember personal history you may never use it. It is highly unlikely that within a w:ry short time as a field officer you will face hostile questiooing in such depth. Nevertheless, an intensely sccretiYe individual who never gives anything of his or her past is not nonnal and could easily be treated with suspicion. Equally, a person who is too free with pasonal details is equally suspicious. What should happen is lhat little facts about yourself will be revealed slowly to your circle of activists and over time a mutual trust will be built up. In most of the groups we coVt:r there is a high le,ioel of paranoia and suspicloo, so you will eventually have to tlesh out the bones of your life. For example. after four years in the field, appraDLS>UCPI MP�728163 on, be prepared to be asked to zepair a washing machine or re-hang a sticking door and make sw-e you have tools and .knowledge to do the job. [56] 3.9.3. While you are researching your former employment. it is important to give some thought to your employment while out in the field. [57] discuss your thoughts with the office and the field. Deciding on a proper form of employment while in the field will be covered below (see para. 4.5. et seq.) 3.10. APPEARANCE 3.10.1. The major reason v.by it takes at least three mooths (or longer) to graduate from the back office to the field is the time it takes for your appearance to change. One should not forget that a tour lasts ,approximately four years and after that experience you will have to return to a normal life. You must make every effort to ensure that on return the likelihood that your fonner comrades will recognise you is reduced to a minimum. The best way of achieving this is to change your appearance radically. For men the addition of a beard and glasses to a normally clean-shaven face, an earring and radically different haircut will make the probability of recognition at a later date almost nil For women a change in hair colour and hair style is essential. You should try to wear clothes which are similar in style to each other but different from your normal garb - for example, always wear bold checked shirts and jeans, big sloppy jumpers, a distinctive coat or hat or whatever least resembles your own tastes. If you are going to wear latmdt.red and ironed clothes. make sure you have an iron and ironing board in the duff and a washing machine there or in a nearby laundry. Being a little untidy, smelly and rumpled is a natural state for many of the people in our target group s. Close associates may discern the smell of fresh clothing from the suburban washing line, even as distinct from the (less fresh) smell of launderette washing - so if you are wearing the former but purporting to be wearing the latter, potential for suspicion.... 18 MPS-0728163 Offk:1111 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728183 4. LAUNCH: 4.1.1. On leaving the cocoon of the back office, the first important step to take is to find suitable accommodation. Your new lifestyle in your duff identity and your duff detennine the nature of the pro ou should be looI · for. Some o cers v.ill have made tenuous contacts WI before venturing out into London's bedsit land [59] - For those who intend to use the story of moving down to London from put of the country to seek work,such an approach is useful. "anoi'hcr 4.1.2. You can either appoach Esratie or Letting Agents for potential homes. go through local papers and shop window advertisements or • all of these techniques to find a suitable bedsit room or studio Oat The office has a budget for your accommodalion that currently stands between £60 to £100 per week, depending on your duff lifestyle. For most ofus it would be sensible to look for properties at the lower end of the nmge and the only WrJ to do that is t> canpare prices by viewing properties. [60] I• own cooking and washing facilities but the best you can find will normally have a shared bathroom and toilet, with your own fridge and Baby Belling cooker in the room. The fact that a room is in disgusting dc:comtive order is no reason to tum it down. Howe,ier, u should to avoid flats a telephone ties you down to being in the premises unless you have an answer phone you can interrogate at another address or a � telephooe with notoriously unreliable house mates who never take messages! 4. 1.4. Once you have found the ideal premises you v.ill need to convince the Accommodation Burau or private landlord that you are a suitable tenant: a. b. c. d. e. £ g. Can you pay the rttlt now and in the t'utlm'? What sort ofjob do you do? Are you likely to be claiming housing benefit in 1he fiiure? Do you haveany appalling habit,'? Do you keep pets? Any references? Can you afford a deposit and 1 month's rent in adwnce'? 19 MPS-0728163 Official 20111>313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MP�728183 4.1.5. As suitable premises a becoming harder and harder to find. i t is best to accept any premileS that apptar to fit most of your requirements and if it turns out to be unsuitable, you can go out and find a better pace at leisure. 4.2. SIETl'ING UP A CREDIBLIE DUFF 42.J. Once you Janow who you an:; what your employment is and what sort of politics you enjoy, you should combine all facets of your new life so that th �present a convincing whole. [Gist: "These paragraphs address specific details about the cover addresses of undercover officers.'1 You could begin tentative steps towards political activism by joining mainstream pressure groups wh:> are concerned with a particular isie your new identity will have an inlerest in, be it Greenpeace, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, Sbel�, Fathers Against the Child Suppon Agency, Sean:hJight and so on. They will provide you with infoanation 011 cumnt causes you can use as a key to jom a more radical pditical grouping and prime your other residents that you have an interest in political causes. [63] 20 MPS-0728163 on.:lal 3)180313 MPS>DI..S>UCPI MP&-0728183 4.3. 4.3.1. Now you J.e seUled info your new home, you should aet to know the aurmuodmg mea wdL If you are going to be paying Comcil Tax. it is useml to join the local library. Not only will you be able to botrow books to rad, the reference library will be able to provide you with iofixmation OD local activities andaccea to local rornnnmi(y groups you may wish to eet involved in and v.tlich giw your new pczsona the appeannce of an authtmic life. Memberslup of a local mvironmeotal group or sm:tuary will assist you in the mviromnen1al or animal rigbls area to develop a local history ofappoprialeactivismin your ftddbut groups such as a local writing club. rocJc;.climbiag club. DUBic society andso OD will again help you to keep a distance fiom your wearies when you need to. Always be guided by what you fed is neces 1'/ and by advice 6om your cmttmpftries in the specinc fidd you intend to penetrate. 4.3.2. Visit the local � (be it a pub, cinema, swimming pool or ice skating rink) or YA1atever else you fael isa �part of becoming a ral pmmin yournew home. Know where the tube st:mOD is andthe times of the lasttrain, the loadion of the � bis stop and where the buses go to. Become a n:gwsr customer at a local paper shop and buy a daily and local paper - ewm order a specific magazine ti'Om them. Use the local Post Office, bank or builcing society, shops and supermarJcet and the local lakeaways when: their &:,re docsa't conCradict any dieuiy lla'Uples your cbarcter may have. 4.3 .3. With your trawls aromd the neigbboumood you will soon find out when: the local political groups meet. or you will bump into the ubiquitous street sMJL It is usetul to take an interest in these groups if they are not your target organisatioo, since you have an oppor1UDity to expai,:nce living a lie with street acaivisls who are unlikely to � once you join your own grouping. Whm dealq with groups who use such tedmiques as an opportunity to recruit, awidgi� than your duff addn:s.1, since they may come •CXDblet vililin�. Ewo better can be oblained through local c:o:nmunily organiSldions such as a local comer\1111ion group where you am rehearse your new Ii& in n:latjvely sm tmitory. prac:ace 4.l4. Although such prq,andions may appear owr caulioua, you an: the ooly pmoo _, canj119 wbedieryour new life appean ral. Any opportunities to use your new name; dare of birth am lipnae sbouJd be pabbcd unlil becoming scmeooe else feels toeally ll8t\lral. Never rela when you are in ,our alter eao. even if 1he CUCUIIJ.IWICC$ are not tbn:atenillg • pactice makes pt.deed 4.4.1. The type of vehicle you pun:hase is dependmt OD the fiddyou are co'1eriJg wbdhcr the vehicle is your own or belongs to your anployer, how roadworthy your choice of vehicle appean to be and fiDally. penonal taste. Groups who 1md 21 MP S-0728163 Olllcial 20180313 MP�Cl.S>UCPI MPS-0728183 distances to pursue 1beir political agm.ias will welcome a dri-.u who owns a vehicle with open arms. w.hile otben may find such apparent wealth suspicious. Vehicles used baye rangicd &om old taigas to q, oftbe range sales rep. models, minis to omsit Y1111S. lt is imponad to rnairdaio variety in the field 'Y'ehicles because in the unlikely event ofan operative being exposed. others in tbe same or diffaad fields will not baye sosimilara linkintbeirown lives. · "' · [64] .. : II f �,, 4.4.3. Once the w.bidc is in yo, poss,sim it is a pod idea to make it look like a work Ydaide or our own 'Y'ebide. 4.4.4. It may be necessary to change your vchide eking your tour. � you mu,1 baye a really p,d lea.10ll� change )Q.w tramport. Thi: most common problan (excluding toeal wlito-oJ&f) is where your vehicle comes to lbe notice of police « in the ca,e of 1be fu:isthllti f.uc:ist groups, � your vehide becomes a target of lhe opposing group's tender mini!ntiom. 22 MPS-0728163 Oll'idal 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCFI MPS-0728183 14.3. Another important 000sideratioo is Mac:re yow wodc.place is in r:clatioo to your dutrand real home. An employer working in the midst of yow "bandit counU)"' may well get fed up will oa:asiooal visits by your wearies or tb:ir tdcpbone calls. If the work.pace is 0011\'Cnimt for them be assured they will come around. It is better to ba'IIC an employer � your duff and home so that anyone mng you driving between the t\W wiD assa.unc: you an: bemting to or ftom \IAJl'k. 4.5.4. • : it is imp«tant dm you 'aciually pert:,m1 the work you are suppo9lld to be doing. While a.ere is no need to pi in a forty bour � you shouJd p,e yow employer ,q,pm whm asked and YOU should Wlld:Cr to work wtcn your political life is in a quid pbue. 4.5.5. If you me intmt en being aelianplo)":d. you sbomi know bow to do your OMl boob and know how to oqraoise your PA YE aid Nalional Insurance. If a \\al'Y is self cmploym you can bet be or she will discuss such things, unless you are m eslablisbmcot anarcbo who works in the blac:k ecoo.omy, wbcte such issues are of no 000cem a. 4.5.6. If you decide to be unc:mpk>yed, or have a period of uncmploymm dwin; your tour, you should be &mi.liar with �S fmns and methods of claimi ng. discuss the c\n:lll positioo with the oftlce. 4.6. mm'CONTACI' 4.6.1. Imagine you me set up in yow fidae idemty, you have Micels, a home aid a job. you me a regular filct ure at tbt local 8Dd bdp maw the grass in tbt local community ceulre payground. Now is the 1ime to mO\'C ooto your real p.llJ)(J9C in life - infiltrate the �aries. Your first 000tac1 is depcndenl on bow accive your target group are II the time you ft launched. Your success is also dependent on your approach. There are rwo mdhods of entry: in one scenario you enler die fidd tWullied by political extremism aid become educ:Rd by the group you ba\'C 2J MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 infiltrated. The other possibility is to join your organisation with a level of political sophistication or understanding on an emotional level and become drawn into more extremist views. 4.6.2. Entering a London - based group and alleging a history of extremist activism in another part of the coun.-y is not generally recommended. On most occasions you will be caught out but on one occasion I know of, such an approach has paid dividends. This approach will probably only work in the animals/environmental/pacifist/anareho fields and zequire sound knowledge of the group's politics, history, battle stories and methods of dizect action. 4.6.3. One technique that works well in organised left-wing groups such as the SWP is to repzesent yourself as a natural Labour supporter (NOT a Labour Party member as that could be checked), disillusioned by the centrist direction of the "New Labour" and searching for a true socialist alternative to the Tories. In such a case you should have a sound knowledge of socialist principles and have mastered "politically correct" language. The first meeting with such groups will normally be through paper sales, either in your locality or on a march somewhere. Buying a paper from a seller and chatting for a short time after purchasing a paper will soon generate a recruiting effort from the target. After you have piqued their interest it is best to play hard to get and slowly integrate into the local branch. 4.6.4. The best means of entry to almost any field is on the back of a national or London-wide campaign enjoying the active support of many extemist organisations or large numbers of your target organisation together with support from the general public. Good examples of such events are the News International dispute, Poll Tax protests, opposition to the Gulf War, the no Ml I link campaign, protests against the Criminal Justice Act, council by-elections involving a fascist candidate and demonstrations opposing the export of veal calves. The sudden meeting of minds between the public and extremist groups over a current issue gives the relevant organisation's members the best opportunity to obtain.access to new recruits and you can come to their notice as a stalwart campaigner very quickly. The camaraderie which develops at large demonstrations between the protesters makes the job of infiltration very much easier. 4.6.S. Another, similar method of entry revolves around large anniversary demonstrations or events such as week-long day schools. Each extremist group has some form of regular event which allows entry to their circles. The events can be annual marches, such as World Day for Laboratory Animals, The National Anti Hunt Campaign march against bloodsports, Hiroshima Day, World Day a&nnst McDonalds, Labour Day marches or Bloody Sunday, or events such as "Marxism", "Anarchy in the UK, Ten Days that Shook the World" or "Living Without Cruelty". These events facilitate contact with local campaign groups and enable you to get on a mailing list and get invited to meetings. 4.6.6. When the extremist's diary is empty and there are no current campaigns to get drawn into, infiltration becomes much more of a gradual process. When the political scene is quiet there is no easy catalyst to facilitate your acceptance of the target 24 MPS-0728163 OlliCial 20181X313 MPS>a.S>UCPt MPS-0728183 group's mm: mclcal belie&. A good technique to use in thc:se circumstances is to reer to a parfjcu)ady un)iC8.18DI event in your life \\ilich has fm:ed you ido gelling off your bum and do action. 1bese events could be lbe sudden loss of a jd,, iatimidatioo by the state. such as an appalling experience at the bands of police or DSS i.nva1iptors or scm,g a man beatiq a dog and feeling so much anger you are driven to -.,pest direct ac:don fer animals. Each cin:umstance should be carefully � to 6.t in with your new life hi.stcwy and checked with ament operatives in your 6.ddtoseei fsuch a� v.ould be aa:q,tedby the wearies. 5. MAINJ'AINlNG COVER: S .1.l. Now you have become a member or suppc:a1Cr of your target organisation, you are on ycu own. You will be living on your wits, \\ith vay little technical support or bade Under normal cmcltions the afDce will need tote in contact with you 5.2. PARANOIA 5.2.1. As your imdvemmt in a group becomes more serious_, it is inevitable that )'OU wil expenmce panmoia. Arr, fears )'OU may have that your group is taWng about yoi belind your bact are well foimded,, since all discuss new manbers and their poc:mtial to tbe cause in tbe � Part of that CODYUlldillo will cemin)y Include musings as to wbdher you me an Ml5 infiltrator, undeR:OYer policeman or paid "grass". Usually you will notbecomeaware oftheir intaest in you until you are a fixture. when you wi ll plltic:ipate in simil• cbutder &1sessiDlrioo of newer n:auits. am..- S.22. When you fint make contact wilb )t)tr group yau sbould � ye>ur Munl lo your normal life mm lhll of tbe wearies with� panooia Wdil you mel caafidmt Just because you seethe same car in your rear view mirror as you leave your duff and IS you bead out aaro a main road to \Wild )'OW' \W:8IY way home does not man you are being folloMd b ut you should trat it IS suspicious unlilyou bow different. The wearies are generally not sophisti:ated in their couzier iDldJigm:e •·· · [72] 25 MPS-0728163 Offldal 20180313 WS>OLS>UCPI 5.3. WS-0128183 A WOJUal'ifC Uft 5.3.2. Above pay. it is imporlaDt tolom. lbc par1. Jryouae alabolftr.get diny and appear al the �ooal meeting in yo1r grubby woit clothes. l fyou me a mechanic. · retain oily grime. oil and yom 6n make sure yom bands are covered in lib] 5A. TBETELEl'IIONE [77] BL rewritetexpansion re: mobile phones. in hand April '96] S.4.1. British Telecom bas become Che wonteoemy of unden:overoperatioos. Now they have imoduc:ed automatic call tJacingand call beck services. you cannot hope IO suni� if you say you areringingfbrm a 'phone in Lambeth. ooly to have the number baced IO a Penge exchange! While most public telephone boxes are DOl comecu:d to the system and wfile Mercury bas not updated their systems you can affilrd IO use Chem. Soon. however. these t'M> loopholes wiU have been closed. yOU .u SOOD be meed 10 drive to an IIIJPn>Priafe telc:pbone box nem:r 10 your woatpJace or duff' home. or else have a good reasan ro be inan unusual part ofthe c:api tal. Altanati-.tly, use a mobile telephone aid swallow the cost ofsudl calls. You can dial 141 befo� ringing a weary from home to ensure Chey have no access IO a call-beck service but mae you tell them you are ringing fiom a telephone box in case they ring beck. In raany circumstaDces. howevtr, it is unsafe lo use your home telepbooe. � S.4.2. Wbeo a l8rpt bas come to che aaimtion of the units it is doubly impartaat to emu� you rollowthe aboYe advice.sioceyourcaII couU become pmt of an evidential trail given to the deli:oce. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD YOU RING FROM YOUR HOME ADDRESS. 26 MPS-0728163 Official20180313 M'S>OLS>UCPI 5.5. MPS-On8163 Al.COHOllDRUGS 5.5.1. In the past alcohol was sometimes a regular lulricant of SOS operations. Nowadays it is simply inappropriate to drink and drive. You will be prosecuted and face a driving ban, and you may well face discipliruuy proceedings. Some groups we infiltrate drink heavily and you will have to participate to a greater or lesser extent. When you drink, don't drive. Stay in your duff and wait until morning. 5.5.2. Drugs are in widespread use throughout the altemative scene. You should come to a decision as to whether you use or abstain - there will be less pressure on you if you are a non-smoker and a spliff is passed round but you should be familiar with drug culture in any case. The largest ltlC is of cannabis and derivatives, followed by ecstasy and speed. Hard, addictive drugs arc around but generally avoided by the wearies on the grounds of cost, AIDS and basic knowledge of the damage caused by physical addiction. Again, if you have to imbibe soft stuff: or become stoned through secondary smoking, don't attempt to drive home.. Go to the duff and sleep it off. 5.5.3. A common fear is that using alcohol or drugs will loosen your tongue and you will give the game away. I can only say that I have been in many states of into�cation during my tour and have never had a problem with basic securitr. If you don't feel confident, stay on the side of caution and avoid intoxicants as much as possible. The sober driver and the "straight edgen activist who never gets stoned are far more common in alternative society than one's first impressions indicate. 5.6. SEXUAL LIAISONS 5.6.1. The thorny issue of romantic entanglements during a tour is the cause of much soul-searching and conoem. In the past emotional ties to the opposition have happened and caused all sorts of difficulties, including divorce, deception and disciplinary charges. While it is not my place to moralise, one should try to avoid the opposite sex for as long as possible. 5.6.2. The "free love" attitudes of the sixties and seventies have largely disappeared in the minds of the extremists following herpes, hepatitis am AIDS. However, if you are doing your job properly men and women in the field will experience occasional approaches from males and females, straight and gay. Avoiding the straight/gay problem is relatively simple but one should never use the excuse of homosexualitr to avoid a heterosexual partner. Not ooly will your behaviour be wholly inconsistent but you 1D8Y well find the closet and out homosexuals making a bee--line for yo\L 1n a similar vein, don't use the excuse of being HlV positive as a reason for avoiding sexual contact. You simply cannot maintain the attitudes of a person with HIV unless you know someone with the condition and you may still face propositioning from wearies who are genuinely afflicted. 5.6.3. While you may try to avoid any sexual encounter there may come a time when • [78) [Gist "This sentence provides advice on how to deflect susp1c1on about UCOs not being m a sexual rela1Jonsh1p with a member of the group ") 27 MPS-0728163 Offlclal 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI iw>s-ona1e3 [These) options are fraught with difficulty and you must make your own mind up about how to proceed. If you have no other option but to become involved with a weary, you should try to have fleeting, disastrous relationships with individuals who are not important to your soll'CCS of information. One cannot be involved with a weary in a relationship for any period of time without risking serious consequences. 5.7. INVOLVEMENTINCJUME 5.7.1. Some field officers will be fcrtunate in that their tour will never bring thmi into the realms of confidential memo 4, dealing with participating informants. (copy attached at Appendix E.) Stated simply, you cannot take part in crime unless you had no part in planning an incident and take a minor part in the crime itself. At no time can you instigate, counsel or procure others to ccmmit a crime. 5. 7.2. The above sentiments are laudable but the boundary between right and wrong in the SDS arena is never as clear cut as the provisions of con. memo. 4 would have us believe. If at any time your organisation invites you to break the law, you must be prepared to take whatever advice comes from your supervisoIS and your colleagues. If you take part in criminal acts without the office being made aware of such a likelihood, you risk leaving the squad earlier than you expected. 5.7.3. If you are in a position where you either take part in crime or face immediate pemonal danger �m your organisation, good sense dictates that self-preservation is the order of the day. If you survive such an encounter, the office will expect a full and frank debrief. 5.8. AaRESr 5.8.1. It is becoming more and more likely that an SDS operative will face arrest during his or her tour. With the change in public order legislation following the introduction of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 we will all face the real possibility of arrest, frcm simple fly-posting up to recordable criminal offences such as criminal trespass, assault or burglary. Additionally, the chance of being �fitted up" by unscrupulous officers is a real if rare event. lbankfully senior management seem prepared to grasp this nettle and appear prepared to support an operative through such an eventuality. 5.8.2. One bone of contention is that if arrested one should plead guilty and cop the fine. Oroups such a., the Hwn SabotCUl8 &UXl tbc ALF will not �pt such an approach to arrest in the current climate and expect a colleague to plead not guilty, fight the case strongly and if the case is won the arresting officer's force will face a claim for compensation in the civil court More and more groups are following this tendency and unless you intend to fail to appear at court, management should support the field officer's appraisal of his situation. Each case must be looked at on its merits, so do not expect that you will be able to follow a course of action which will be accepted by your wearies. 28 MPS-0728163 IIFS-0728183 Ofllclal 20180313 MPS>Cl.S>UCPI S.8.3. Havingpaintl!ld lhc worstpictin, I mustsay that arrat is not difficult to ccpe with. Oae should ne\W allow one's desire to assist a fellow officer in an investigation to impede yow amiDLS>UCPI MPS-DLS>UCPI 6. LIVING A NORMAL LIFE 6.1. INTRODVCl'ION MPS-0728163 6.1.1. The main thrmt of the tradedcraft manual concemates on bow to infiltrate exlJemist groups. An equally important pmt of tradecraft is to allow yourself to live as much of a nomial file as possible during the tour. Soon after you meet yom wearies, you realise how difficult it could be to explain away your real pamer and fiunily should you bump into a comrade. The difficulties could include friends and worlc mates of your parb:.r and wider &mily. One officer bas been exposed where his girlfriend was showing photograpis ofher holiday to wolk mates. One was a member of an exttemist group who recognised her boyfriend "the policeman" a a comrade, "' (82) 6.1.2 As your tour continues, you develop a sense of security in your false identity. Paradoxically, you begin to feel vulnerable when you are with your partner, at family gatherings in public places, at your pmtnet's worlcplace, when picking the children up from school and when you are invited to friends' parties. Think through a possible scenario of meeting a weary while shopping with your partner and come up with a decent excuse that both you and your partner rehearse. When you go to a new place, keep your eyes open and if you know bemrehand that there is a slight likelihood of meeling a comrade, walk separately so you can, if necessary, revert to your duff identity. It is also a good idea to make prior arrangements to meet up with your partner la1er at a rendezvous point nearby. 6.2. SAIIE AREAS 6.2.1. The easiest way to minimise the chances of compromising your identity i s to avoid "bandit country" completely. Some groups open11e in a small locality while others are spread out London-wide or even throughout the Uni1ed Kingdom. You will have to discover where your close comrades live, worlc, shop, campaign and have a social life so that a chance encounter becomes less and less likely. Some areas of London such as central London and the notorious inner London borough, are best avoided altogether, particularly the popular, "trendy" areas such as Camden Mmket, the East F.nd, Islington and Brixton. safe. 6.21. While no one area can be regarded as totally you will soon apprecla1e those areas where confroolatioo in uolikdy. Each opemive will have to avoid different places due to the nature of their respective oJganisations and it is not proposed to list them here. Always bear in mind that it is ex1remely difficult to explain to a weazy wh y you are pushing a pram and holding the hand of a toddler who calls you "daddy" when they know you have no children! 31 MPS-0728163 Otlt:ial 20180313 MPS>Cll.S>UCPI 6.3. MPS-0728183 MOD£ OP lllANSl'ORT 6.3.1. While you arc c:ugaged in SOS WOik it is inadvisableto me che tli>e. unless you have p,eparcd a cOYer story for yom travel When you arc driving in yom own car. bep clear of thme mas YAle:re a \\arJ may ca1Ch sight of you behind the �L A duD::e sighting in the:.,e dsWDSIIDC'O i9 unlikely but more than one officer has lold Slories of seopping at a zebra crossing only to ,ce close commdes and fellow wearies passing less that five � frcm lbcir wiDdscrecn! 6.3.2 OJe of che � fcmm of trampoct in "bandit counay' is by black cab. The driven are unlikely to be camccled to an ClfRmist group md the windows arc tinted pdler ma rcFfar basis. Tbcduff lii:st)'le may force )'OU to spend periods of inecme activity PIIY home. so make allowance, fortlae periodlL mm MPS.0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI 6.6. MPS-0728163 TARGET INDIVIDUALS NEAR HOME ADDRESS 6.6.1. Very occasionally you may find close comrades moving close to your own home. At the beginning ofyom tour it helps to do SB(R) checks on the neighbouring streets around your home, so you will be aware of any extremists nearby. However, once you are committed to the field you may find unknown activists who live nearby, or wearies may move into your area at some period during your tour. 6.6.2. It is possible to cope with one weary close to home but there may come a stage in your tom that you become sunounded by wearies or a weary suddenly moves very close to your home address. These instances are extremely difficult to handle. In the short term you may be able to return home in the early hours and avoid going out of your house unless it is dark, by wearing a full face motorcycle helmet or voluminous coat with a hood. Obviously, such difficulties cannot be tolerated for long. You become a prisoner in your own home and the danger ofmeeting a weary in your real life becomes a reality. 6.6.3. Generally the irst time you meet a weary in these circumstances is when you bump into the weary or see him from a distance and duck out of view in time. You may be able to explain why you are there once but further meetings are impossible to explain. Occasionally we may hear from another officer that a weary is moving near to your home. Thankfully the office is prepared to deal with such difficulties at short notice (or with longer notice in the latter case) and as soon as the problem comes to notice you should discuss your options with the office. The response to such a problem is varied, dependant on the closeness of the friendship between you and the weary, your desire to continue in the field or to leave and whether you are prepared to be moved from your home into police accommodation or rented property. 33 MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI 7. SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES INVOLVING THE TARGET GROUP. 7.1. SWP MPS-0728163 7.1.1. The organisation is, in general, made up of young people under 35 who are reasonably well educated and middle class. This majority is controlled by older, long term activists. The senior element may not hold official positions but will still be influential in policy and the direction oflocal branches. 7.1.2. Established London branches have policy matters imposed on them from Central Committee, but local activity is largely dependant on the enthusiasm of the District Organiser or Branch Committee and on the availability of exploitable issues. Members soon gravitate towards party members in social life as well as political life and before too long a new member becomes known to a large number of people. It is unusual for an SWP member only to take part in political activity. 7.1.3. New members join the party in the following ways: a. Many join as students either through SWSS or a local branch. Any who remain in the party after University tend to be long term activists until a job or new partner take them outside the SWP circle. b. The party adopts any campaign issue as its own, exploits it to the maximum and will attempt to recruit a good campaigner to the party fold, together with anyone gullible enough to sign a banker's order. They tend to remain within a campaign only as long as it produces results for the SWP's own political agenda. c. Occasionally members ofother political groups become disillusioned and joins the SWP. Usually they are Labour Party members who are frustrated at the right wing refonn movement within Labour. Otherwise new members are drawn from more radical political groups after internal disputes. d. A number of people are recruited following social contact with members. In fact, any social contact who is not an SWP member will invariably be approached to join. e. Anybody who shows interest in the party at a paper sale or who comes to an SWP meeting which is held on a specific issue of interest tp the individual is likely to be placed on a contact list. The likelihood of your local branch approaching you is wholly dependant on the motivation ofthe contacts visitor in the branch. 7.1.4. It is essential in all cases that a potential recruit has a clear reason for wanting to join the SWP rather than becoming a member when asked. An individual who joins will probably have to refer back to why they joined throughout their histoiy, so a committed and considered entry to the party following street activism for a specific 34 MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 cause will earn the respect of your colleagues far quicker than someone joining the easy way. 7.2, ANARCHISTS 7.2.1. Anarchists come in many forms. They mnge from anarcho-syndicalist middle class squatters to nihilistic crusty low-life. As far as anarchist organisation in London goes, they are organised locally (although they occasionally have nation-wide links) and concentrate on a plethora of interests. They are interested in unemployment issues, squatting, anti fascist activities, They are all anti wealth, anti property ownership, anti party politics, anti establishment and anti control of any form. The "crusty" type will happily riot against those in positions of power within society but a number of so-called anarchists are incapable of outright attacks on the status quo due to their middle class roots. 7.2.2. The anarchini are also concentrated in geographic areas. The heartlands of the London anarchists are Brixton and Hackney but they will deign to live in neighbouring boroughs. All of the groups I have come into contact with believe in becoming involved in any street protest, especially if there is the possibility of it "kicking off". The crusty types will happily get as drunk as skunks and attack anyone in authority (usually uniformed police officers) while those with middle class roots will happily watch from the sidelines until law and order is lost, when they can get involved in criminal activity with little fear of arrest 7.2.3. The ridiculous assertion by uniform that all outbreaks of violence on demonstrations are orchestrated by Class War is absolute nonsense. I suppose they feel better to be able to blame a handful of newspaper producing anarchists for their own deficiencies in policing anarchist crowds but the reality is that there is rarely co­ ordination at demonstrations where violence breaks out. The simple truth is that crusty types exploit perceived weakness in police and one or two will start the ball rolling by throwing the first stone or spitting at or kicking an officer. 7.2.4. Infiltrating anarchists is relatively simple at the beginning since you only need to show a hatred for organised politics and an angry presence on the streets. However, the anarchist lifestyle can be uncomfortable. There is little permanence in squatting and from time to 1ime you will face reduction of dole money, arrest for shoplifting or suspected burglary while attempting to open a new squat However, the anarchists seem to have a "blitz spirit" and are relatively easy to get on with once they accept you 7.2.S. The crusty lifestyle in particular is really unpleasant. You will be expected to eat food you wouldn't put in your own bin, drink tea from cups which appear to have grown their own beards and sit on furniture which is alive. The squatters are notorious for taking people for all they can get and if you appear to be prepared to help them in a move or to drive them somewhere they wm use you until you drop. Worst of all, they smell disgusting in the summer months! However, these people are the ones who will cause the trouble and you need to get reasonably close to them if you are infiltrating the anarchist field. 3S MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 7.2.6. Of all groups. the anarohist field is the easiest to leave. They regularly disappear in summer to attend the free festivals and often travel abroad. In this fonn of lifestyle, permanent ties are few and fur between. 7.3. ANIMAL ACTIVISTS 7.3.1. It is essential for the animal rights activist who aspires to ALF activity to be a committed vegan. He or she should also have a good understanding of the vegan lifestyle. Those items of food, clothing, cosmetics and household products which are vegan are listed in the Animal Free Shopper, available from the Vegan Society. Membership of the Vegan Society is worthwhile - the organisation is one of the few national societies which supports the ALF. Other pro-ALF groups include the Hunt Saboteurs Association, lhe National Anti Hunt Campaign. People For The Ethical Treatment of Animals, Aikangel and the ALF Press Office and Supporters Oroup. All are legal groups who provide an activist with the information an established anhp.al rights campaigner would know. 7 .3.2. As well as developing a cruelty free image and joining pertinent organisations. one should also enswe a full hnowledge of clllTCllt product boycotts. Current officers will be able to assist here. 7 .3.3. While it may be difficult to suggest a previous life of activism it may be possible to allude to peripheral interests in animal welfare activities or sanctuary experience. Beware of alleging previous involvement in a national animal rights society - they have extensive historical records. One exception to the rule is the ALF­ SG, whose organisers have disposed of the historical records in favour of up-to-date databases. Provided you allege membership before 1992 your story cannot be challenged. 7.3.4. If you decide to create a history of activism, you will find the likelihood of success to be low. This approach requires a deep knowledge of animal rights campaigning throughout the eighties together with a good reason why you are unknown in London. Two techniques which have worked are to allege solitary ALF activism which was never reported and to allude to a history of animal welmre work outside the sanctuary networks, the RSPCA and the Cats Protection League/Canine Defence League. Obviously you must be wholly conversant in the care of the phantom animals and know details of your supposed targets. 7.3 .5. Toe most difficult pan of imillratiug the ALF i� to d�id; how far to go. If you want to be accepted as an ALF activist you must first get close to a relevant person, then accept invitations to commit acts of criminal damage on the windows of "abusers". It is only by building up trust in this manner that you may get an invitation to ALF raids. At every action there is a real chance of being arrested for a criminal offence. You take the risk of shortening your tour quite dramatically if you are caught. If you decide that taking part in illegal direct action is not for you, you have to work hard to become a regular supporter on the scene. Even then, without getting your hands dirty, your chance of correctly identifying an ALF activist is very low. 36 MPS-0728163 OIUclel20180313 MPS>Ol..S>UCPI MPS,()728183 13.6. Like other lifestyle�� The animal lbc:ntioo ethos pervades all parts of ycu existence. If ycu ba¥e any acme of� for the came of animal v,,elfare you can find your new altitudes affi,!&g )'Our al life. I know in Ille futwe I will have DOChing but contrmpt &,r fbxbmtm aml in particular their tariennen. Anolber BlrlDge effect ofmy tour has been the slow deve.lop:neu.t of my low opinion of uniformed police dealing with animal rlgb!s pcoteszs. I suppoee that omcm in all fields come acroa police wbo regard political proraters w1th contempt but their laclc of scmitivity and occasional violent reaction to one as an animal rights activist is often out of proportion to your behaviour. omcen 7.4.1. The newest fonn ofparmca to be found on our SUeeta (or man= often in our trees) is the radical environmental polr:ster. They � to be drawn fiom the pacifist mould and no doubt a number are CND etalW811S from the pml Gaining access to the Earth Fasten is tasy - if they are involwd in a road p:otest in the LaJdon area they welcome local suppmt and will happily encoiaage )'OU to become a regular. The dowmide of this type of .:tivist is the hit!li likelihood of ane:st and conviction b cn=ipass. They sban, tbc paci1bt altitude of being llffl:3Ccd b your beliefa and �ing your day in court. They also use pas:iive n::sistance - from sit downs to dvaining tbemselws 10 mad!fift} or rainforesttim.ber. 7.4.2. The Cllffl:llt rise in civil clsobcdience focused around the building of new roads coupled with hum u1xJtlge brought about the Criminal Justice Act. As most modem cmironmadal proeest is based at a specific location where roa:fs are bang built you are limited to being there or • the lqJpOlt camp or squat Demby. If )'OU are not prq,aNI to live within 1be enviroomealalis aoc:iety ycu will be emludcd frrm the most impo.nanl mec:ti.ng., - most FP! planoing talra place the ai&Jt be:1.-e an .:tioa and all participms live aml sleep to� after the meeting, emerging 10 take OLS>UCPI MPS-0728183 but vehemently mti violence • they will criticise you wholeheartedly if you suage.,t using foN:e apinst police lines. 7..5.2. Couped to the am violence 8ltilude is an all-pervasive "JD8t'l)rdom complex•. The aclivis18 appear to believe in 1he poa=ss of law and follow Gandhi's policy of passive resislmce. They will break simple laws such as trespass, obstruction and minor criminal damage but wait for a.nut and look forward to proselyti.siug in the dodi: of a mtgistrlfl:S colD1. They aim have a di� CJristian approach to vioJence pcxp:,■alrd by 9CICUri1y staff'• they oftm m,cq,tiujury and assault, pefening to "tum the other dlcck". In r.:t, 10me of tbe most active pacifists are motivated through lltrong religious beliefs • the Qulb:rs being �ualY represented. A11hough there is a stroag anan:bo-pacifist element, the � is more of an affoctatioo than a deep uademanding of 8Dlldaisl theaey. Owide the UK the anarchist inwlwment in the anti-militmiaD mo'1Cment is murh men robust and aa,:essi� 7.S.3. Most street active pacifiscs wtxk in small affinity groups c'L about 1S people and spend a gRat deal of social time tagetb,:r. It is importaat to sort out yow pacifist history as they win discuss tbe minutiae c'Ltbeirpolitical awauning 10 excess. They taxi to be very loving and an infiltrator should DCt be surpri,ed v.hen male and female comrades hug iim or hr:rto 1be1r bosom. 7.6. NON-AUr.NKD JJIIR.C;-rvut LIBRRTARUN 7.6.1. The libamian activist is seen rea,.llady oa the fiinses of many cemplips. Usually they an: �hist in viewpoim bm are willing to relate to any political gioup who campaips 9D an issue be or &be is iatea:sted in. As a loog•tetm stratqJy, becoming a mn-aligned activist is not as mc:ful as being accepted within a small group as a fully c:ommiued u:mt>cr. 1n fact such individoals are oftt=n bated with smpicioa OD demoDSClaliOI.S>UCPI 8. WITIIDRAWAL: 8.1. (86) MPS-07281113 8.1.1. The left wing mpnisatioos sean to accept a level cl � in their membership. Tbe SWP is welt known to� Yff1Y liUle for tbe less ofmembenhip providingnew memheas me always being dll.'wn in nt subs me being paid - perhaps • many as a third of their membership leaftS the pmty ea:h year. Therefore, i f you have infiltrated the SWP, f!npw:rina a political disagreement which causes your �ection of tbe party will not 8IIPS Ubl.lSUII. On the other hand, l&style organisaliaos are unlilcely to 8CCe1Jt lbe sudden Joe cL a d01e activist due to a shift in basic po Wes or beliefs. 8.2. (88) 8.2.1. As one's tour pmes the baltv,,ay s11&e it is USCNl to play the disiDusioned activist to see bow your \\aries rad. I &nmd that appeaing to be fed up with the consllnt drain on my goodwill by London based mimal riglis activists gave me am opparnmity to queslion the value ofremaini'7' within the Lordon 1eeoe. A&r a short period of •dq,rcstion" I boUDced back into actiwism widi renewed vigour but that sboft paiod of disillusiCDDeot made a mo,ie aoad to wort easier to justify whai I was prqming to leave the 6eld for good 8.2.2. Some orpnlsatiom � a ligh tumover ofmembers md do net a!t smously seaicling questions of a fbrmer ICdvist who appears to have bit the fire of raclcal campaigning. The:n:fire SCJme groups may alow you to lose confidence in thepolitics lwould fiad of the group md move away. Other, "lifdyle" groups 9'r.b a ploy very difficult to undcntand and their suspicion is likely to be roused. El 8.3. (90) [Gist "Another technique 1s desc�bed '1 39 MPS--0728163 Offidal 20180313 MP8>01.8>lCPI 8.4. [92] 8.4.1. The technique ofleaving ,our wsies over a period of time can work if )'OU plan a long-tam, pbmed �wal. Some pup, mq allow )'OU to slowly ddft away from them due to their D8IUR • fill example the Bovironmc:nlalisls concentrate their activities at a place where enwnJ11JVtX«al damage is 1alcing place • ,ou could leave the ICene simply by not moving cm to lb.e next site where toadbuilding is taking place. 8.4.2. Tbe idea of drifting &WtJ1 would also help in conjuocticm with other teclmiqucs tbr leaving the wmies - a pzugressive witbdlawal fiom you wearies l<il )'OU an: left with a small circle of dose assoeiates will give )'OU time to fade from the maj cxity of yoor wearies' minds. followed by a specific reuon for leaving your mnaioiag ,r.fose buddies. [93] 8.5.1. One coukl pmend to have persoml diflic:ul1ies that cause )'OU to lea-ve the political arena. You will have to think through circumsrances where sudl an approach c:ould be ef'&clive • In any cue die difliaihies must appear t> ring flue and are dependant on yoor particular meet eroup's poitb and attinldes to members. 40 MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI 9. AFTERCARE: 9,1, RESTRICTIONS ON DUTIES AND TIME PERIODS MPS-0728163 9.1.1. On returning to a normal working life. SOS operatives will be resiricted on the nature of their employment and the officer's supervisors will maintain contact with SOS management to ensure the security of the SOS is not compromised. For the first two years after his return. the officer will have six-monthly interviews with SOS management and meetings with his mentor to ensure he has adjusted back into the role of an SB officer. The fonnal supervision will in all probability be supported by infonnal contact with ex SOS colleagues. The following restrictions will apply to every officer without exception. 9.1.2. There is a ten year ban on protection duties. 9.1.3. If you ask for a port posting you may not be employed on front-line control duties. 9.1.4. If you are employed outside the Branch, you will be expected to avoid any contact with the press and take no part in any publicity. 9.1.5. At all times, SOS management will have to be consulted when you come up for squad changes or redeployment and if any problems develop the SDS management will keep a close watch OD your progress. 9.2. RETURN TO SB LJFE AFTER AN SOS TOUR 9.2.1. First of all, ask yourself the following questions: A: Because you are fat. . Q: Why does my suit not fit? Q: Why do I have to get up at 7.30 am every day? A: Because they will stop paying you if you don't. Q: Why do I have to get off the A: Because they took your van off you. tube with the rest of the lemmings? Q: Why am l poor? A: Because you've got used to si,ending dosh which you no longer have. 9.2.2. The first thing you notice OD arriving back at CO is that you can't fmd anything. There will have been a huge change of personnel, what with retirements and recruitment of bright young things. For a while you will only know a small minority of people. Similarly, there are likely to have been changes in paperwork and other office practices. Just as the staff in SB have changed, people in organisaiions 41 MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 outside will also have moved on, so your old list of contacts is likely to be seriously out of date. 9.2.3. Overall you will have a slight feeling of detachment. You a� n�r in .. •• • . charge of your working life and you will be unable to use Infos o�� until you are put on courses. Additionally, returning to enquiry wotk or a port posting will make you 1eel very rusty, while moving into a job which is completely new to you will give you a few problems until you settle down. In general, however, your initial confusion will soon disappear • most officers will need around four weeks to get into the swing of things. 9.3. AVOIDING WEARIES AFI'ER THE SDS TOUR. 9.3.1. When you go back to CO you probably will feel very uncomfortable travelling on the tube to St. James Park and using public transport on days off. Ex SOS officers have reported looking for former wearies up to a year after finishing their tour. Such fears will diminish with time, dependant on how different you look and how likely a chance meeting with a weary will be. Nevertheless, you should always avoid those areas where you spent your duff life, the places where demonstrations and pickets were common and in particular you should be circumspect when leaving the yard in (96) 9.3.2. If at any time you find a former weary in close proximity to you when you leave the field you must make every effort to avoid them. Eye contact with a weary is likely to mean recognition, so you should get as far away as possible as soon as possible. 9.3.3. If after your tour a close weary moves near to your home, you must discuss your problem with SOS management to determine how dangerous an identification might be. If there is a clear threat to your personal safety, you must be prepared to move home. 9.4. POSTTRAUMATlCSTRESSSYNDROME 9.4.1. Post traumatic stress syndrome (PTSS) is a well - documented illness. Originally described by doctors who examined troops in the Great War as "Shell­ Shock", PTSS was at first dismi:,sed ilS "cowardice in the face of tbe enemy" ml a significant number of troops faced death by firing squad. By the Second World War, however, "BattJe Fatigue" was recognised as a stress related illness. Police Officers have also faced highly stressful experiences: most recently at the Hillsborough Stadiwn tragedy, the Clapham Junction train crash and the Marchioness disaster. A proportion of officers who attended these incidents have been found to have been suffering from PTSS. 42 MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS.0728163 9.4.2. SOS officers will have faced highly unpleasant, frightening incidents during their tour and it is probable that a proportion of former SOS officers will suffer from high stress levels following their return to other squads. It is import.ant to remember 1hat a small number of SOS officers have 1allen foul of police discipline and the criminal law, or have suffered emotional problems ranging from alcoholism to depression. It is imperative that officers seek help if they have difficulties post-tour. Improved selection processes and psychometric testing have reduced the chances of such problems arising in the future but SOS management has a responsibility to ensure the future security of the section is not endangered through a fonner operative's illness. Accordingly, they will be consulted by your immediate line manager in such circumstances. 43 MPS-0728163 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728163 10. SUMMARY: 10.1. Perhaps the one most important safeguard to all of us is the willingness of field officers to help each other out of sticky situations. The problem that appears to you to be insurmountable has, in all probability, been dealt with by a field officer in the past. Listening to other field operatives' suggestions is the most effective way to formulate your own strategy :ibr dealing with the problem. You do not have to follow the advice given and different individuals may give conflicting advice, but if a field colleague thinks that a fonn of action you propose to take should on no account be used, disregard that advice at your peril. 10.2. All of the above manual representl a simplified overview of useful fieldcraft techniques which work at a general level and also with respect to specific groups. The info1Dl8tion is not complete and may not be current enough to be treated as SDS Policy but provides basic guidelines on how to go about a short life of deceit. It is proposed to keep this manual updated, so any field officer who wishes to make his or her own contribution is welcome to do so. Put your thoughts in writing and submit them to the office. 44 MPS-0728163 ORlGINAL AUTHOR.. Date: februai.--y 1995 Field(s): Anarcho/Animal Rights/ Environmentalist & Pacifist Officer. DSCOLES UPDATES. 45 Of?cial 20180313 MPS-07281 65 APPENDIX MPS-O728165 - Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI (98) 1. MPS-0728165 (100) APPENDIX B This report concerns the provision of additional manpower in support of the clandestine bona fides of SDS field operatives . (101) [Remainder of this document (including an additional 4 pages) redacted in full] • MPS-0728165 Official 20180313 APPENDIX MPS-0728166 MPS-0728166 Offtdal 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728166 [102) . APPENDIX C - - SPECIAL DEMONSTRATION SQUAD F.MPLOYMENT AS AN UNDERCOVER OFFICER.DEEP PENETRATION.DEEP COVERETC IS A VERY PERSONAL THING! WE ARE ALL DIFFERENT AND AS INDMDUALS WE TEND TO DO AND Sia; TIJIN� DIFFERENTLY. WE HAVE DIFFERENT METHODS AND • DIFFERENT STYLES. WHAT MAY BE A MINOR IRRITANT TO ONE IS A MAJOR P ROBLEM TO ANOTHER. THE FOILOWING INFORMATION WAS GLEANED OVER4 YEARS IN THE FIELD. SOME OF rr MAY BE USEFUL OR rr MAY BE A LOAD OF NONSENSE BUT rr IS AT LEAST WORTH READING! UPON LEAVING THE BACK omcE YOU ARE FAIRLY WELL PREPARED. YOU WILL HAVE A NEW IDENTITY INCLUDING DRIVE� YOUR MOST IMPORTANT ASSETWilJ., BE YOUR VEHICLE. [104) WHEN YOU BA VE BEEN INFORMED OF THE GROUP YOU Wll..L BE TARGETING, AND THE SPECIFIC AREA YOU WU.L BI BASED IN IT IS VITAL AND FAIRLY EASY TODOSOMEBASIC RESEARCB. YOU CAN RESEARCH THE CURRENT GROUP MEMBERS, THEIR ADDRESS!8 AND VEHICLES.THE MAJORrrY OF REPORTS ON THE MAIN PLAYE� WILL BE FROM SECRET AND RELIABLE SOURCES SO READ THEM WELL AND BE GUIDED BY THEM. THIS WILL ALSO HELP YOU IN 1BE SELECTION OF YOUR DU.FF. THIS MAY SOUND PRETTY BASIC BUT MPS-0728166 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728166 SOME PEOPLE BA VE ENDED UP LIVING NEXT TO WEARIES OR ACDVE CRIMINALS. TIIEDUFF NO LOCATION WILL BE PERPECT BUT SOME ARE A IDT BETl'ER WEARIES WILLBAVE HOMES THEY ALSO BAVE TELEPHONES. (IBIS WAS WRl'ITEN BEFORE THE 1IELD RECEIVED TELEPHONES) MOST WEARIES HAVE �AGE PAGERS. WHY BAVEN'T YOU! RENT & LANDLORDS TBJS JS A PERSONAL OPINION. ALWAYS PAY UP FRONT. LANDLORDS ARE GREEDY BASTARDS. 'IBEY JUST ADORE CASH 'IBEY DO NOT WANTBA�IL IF YOU GIVE THEM NO GlUEP TREY DONT NEED TO NOSE ABOUT YOUR DUFF! SEE BOW THE LAND LIES AND CONSIDER EITHER CHANGING LOCKS ORnTilNG A CRAIN OR OTHER SECURITY DEVICE. TRY THE OLD 007 TRICK WITH 1BE BAIR JUST TO SATISFY YOURSELP THAT NO ONE JS CREEPING ABOUT. MPS-0728166 Off'idal 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728188 • LEAVING THE DUFF (108) BEERS AND TIIATS WBAT YOU ARE GETTING PAO> FOR. NEVER DRINK AND DRI� B1- S'}'RONG rr1s A �E TRAD" Wl'IB ,SQMEGR8}1"8- A� THE MANA�TWILL �� 10 BACJ' YO&UP. WOllK BARD ro BOUSE Y9UR �- Wllffl YOU HAVE DONE TB:ts AND rr WOULD� TBATYOU ARE THE ONLY ONE Wlffl THE WBEJa,8 (109) _ . . . _. / MPS-0728166 Official 20·1ao313 MPS>OLS>UCPI - MPS-0728166 VEffiCLE SECURITY [110) [Gist 'This passage provides advice to undercover officers on vehicle security.'1 FAIL TO PREPARE, PREPARE TO FAIL! SURVIVING IN YOUR AREA MPS-0728166 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728166 SHOP LOCALLY. GET TO KNOW THE BLOKE IN THE PAPER SHOP, THE CHINESE AND INDIAN TAKE-AWAYS THE KEBAB SHOP, AND IN MY CASE THE BETTING SHOP BECAUSE 4 YEARS IS A LONG TIME. JOIN THE LOCAL LIBRARY IF IT IS STILL OPEN. TRY TO SWIM OR KEEP FIT IN SOME WAY. GET KNOWN TO LOCAL PEOPLE THEY ARE USEFUL. (ALL OF THIS IS FROM A PERSONAL POINT OF VIEW. SDS IS A PERSONAL THING AND EVERY BODY HAS THERE OWN STYLE) EVERYTHING YOU DO MUST BE DONE FOR YOUR BENEFIT. YOU ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT PERSON IN THE WORLD. YOUR SAFETY MUST BE CONTINUOUSLY SELF MONITORED. WHEN SOMETHING APPEARS TO BE WORRYING YOU UNDULY CHECK IT OUT IT, IT WILL BE YOUR SUB-CONSCIOUS TRYING TO TELL YOU SOMETHING. CULTIVATE YOUR PUB IT IS A VERY USEFUL LEARNING CURVE. YOU CAN TRY OUT YOUR COVER STORY ON SOMEONE WHO IS JUST A CASUAL ACQUAJNTANCE. I ALWAYS DRANK BLACK AND TAN IN MY PUB. IT IS HALF BITTER AND EITHER GUINNESS OR MACKESON. IT IS DIFFERENT AND THEY WILL REMEMBER. YOU WILL PROBABLY DRINK IN THAT PUB FOR 6 MONTHS SOLID THEN NEVER USE IT AGAIN, BUT WHEN THE WEARIES COME TO MEET YOU IN YOUR PUB YOU WILL BE TUE GOOD GUY! THEY SAY IT IS A 4 YEAR POSTING BUT WHAT IF YOU MEET AN OLD SCHOOL FRIEND AFTER 4 DAYS. ALWAYS HAVE A WAY OUT SORTED. IF YOU HA VE A PARTICULAR SKll,L OR TALENT USE IT. DONT • W.AFPtE OR ALLUDE TO SOMETHING BECAUSE THESE GUYS WD..L CALL YOUR BLUFF• MPS-0728166 - MPS-0728166 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI USTEN TO THE CURRENT MEMBERS OF fflE FIELD BE A SPONGE ASK ASK AND ASK AGAIN. SEEK ADVICE AS EVERYBODY LIKES TO GIVE YOU mE BENEFIT OF THEm WISDOM. I KEPT A HCONTACTS BOOK" FOR THE FIRST 6 MONTHS. IT WAS A RECORD OF WHAT CONVERSATIONS I HAD WITH EVERYONE I MET. IF YOU CLAIM TO HAVE DONE SOMETHING OR BEEN SOMEWHERE THEY WILL REMEMBER AND IT WILL COME BACK TO HAUNT YOU! NOBODY KNOWS EVERYTHING BUT EVERYBODY KNOWS SOMETHING. USE. YOUR JUDGMENT BE A WINNER. I TRIE� TO ABIDE BY AN OLD SCOTI'ISH SAYING wmcu SERVED ME - WELL " IF YOlJ CANT BACK IT UP SHUT IT UP" THE-END ,/ l �, • .t MPS-0728166 Of?cial 20180313 MPS-0728167 APPENDIX MPS-0728167 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS--0728167 (112) APPENDIX D A VIEW FROM THE STREET. THIS IS A SUBJECT DISCUSSED SOME 3 YEARS AGO ENTITLED "A VIEW FROM THE STREET". THESE ARE THE VIEWS OF AN SDS FIELD OFFICER WHO FOUND HIMSELF IN A UNIQUE POSITION. HOPEFULLY THEY MAY BE OF USE TO SOil OFFICERS INVOLVED IN COVERING PUBLIC ORDER SITUATIONS WHEN THEY ARE CALLED • UPON TO BRIEF SENIOR UNIFORMED OFFICERS. IT CANNOT BE EMPHASIZED TOO STRONGLY TBA T ANARCHISTS AND SUPPORTERS OF THE EXTREME LEFf WING DETEST THE POLICE. THEY HATE THE BRITISH STATE AND ANYONE WHO REPRESENTS THAT IS AS THEY SEE IT A LEGITIMATE TARGET. THE QUITE IDIOTIC SUGGESTION ESPOUSED BY' SENIOR OFFICERS THAT A POLICE OFFICER COVERING A MARCH OR DEMONSTRATION SHOULD "ADOPT" A DEMONSTRATOR OR AT LEAST AITEMPT TO ENGAGE THEM IN CONVERSATION DURING THE MARCH MAY WORK ON A SAVE THE WHALE MARCH OR A CND AMBLE BUT Tms TACTIC IS A COMPLETE WASTE OF TIME ON A FASCIST OR ANTI-FASCIST MARCH. THE PARTICIPANTS ON THESE MARCHES ARE HOSTILE AND SHOULD ALWAYS BE TREATED AS SUCH. FROM PERSONAL EXPERIENCE GAINED WITHIN ANTI-FASCIST­ ACTION(AFA) MOST ANARCHISTS/RED ACTION AND CRUS'J'.IES HAVE CONVICTIONS FOR VIOLENCE. MOST WILL RISK PHYSICAL INJURY AND .IMPRISONMENT FOR THEIR BELIEFS. MPS-0728167 Offlclal 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728187 INTHE CASE OF RED ACTION ALL TIIEIRMEMBERSIIIP ARE 100•..<. PROIRAORIN 'IBEY BATE THESECURITY FORCES AND DETESTTHE BRITISH STATE. TIIESE.PEOPLE ARE10TALLYDEDICATEDTOTHECAUSE ANDBAVE NOLOYALTYORF'EELINGFORTHEBRll'JSH STATE. • 11D ONLY TIIJNG RED ACrJON, ANARCHISTS, AND THE CRUSTIES BA.VE IN OOMMON WITHBRITISH NATIONAL PARTY IS THAT THEY RESPECr FORCE. oNE OF THE BASIC GROUND RULES JS TBE ADAGE THAT "MIGHT IS RIGB'r FOR FJCAMf'LE IF TBE BNP 11JRN UP TO TJIEIR MEE'DNG WlrH !O PERSONS AND AFA BAVE 300,-400 PERSONS TBE POLICE WBL STOP TBEBNP MEETING AND REMOVE THEM. THIS EXAMPLE WORKS BOTBWAYS AND TBE POLICE ARE SEENTO RAVE PRF.SERVED THEQUEENS PEACE. SOME OF THE TACTICS EMPLOYEDBY THELl'AD.ERSBIP OF AFA ARE QUl'm INTERESTING AND� TBE TIIINKING B.EIIJNDTHEM. WHEN CONFRONTEDBY THE POLICE IF TBE POLICE LOOK LIKE "BEAT BOBBIES THEY DO NOT POSE A 'IBREATTO AFA. THE ONLY TREAT IS "RIOT OOPS OR TBE TSG" THIS IS NOT FOOLPROOF AS TRAFALGAR SQUARE AND WATERLOO PROVED. POLICE HORSES CAN AND WILL BE AITACKED. AS LONG AGO AS LEWISHAM IN 1977 UNIFORMED SENIOR OFFICERS HAVEBEEN BRIDEDBY SDS OfflCERS AND 11AVE APPEARED NOf TO TRUST ORBELIEVE THE INTELLIGENCE REPORTS. POLICE TACTICS DO NOT APPEARTO RAVE EVOLVED LIKE THEIR SHINY NEW 1'.QUIPMENI'. IN SERIOUS MPS-0728167 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728167 DISORDER SITUATIONS AND RIOT SCENARIOS THE OPERATIONAL COMMANDER MUST BE ABLE TO THINK ON HIS FEET AND THIS DOES NOT APPEAR TO BE THE METS STRONG SUIT. THE POLICE ALWAYS APPEAR AS 1HE FALL GUYS OR AUNT SALLY'S. THIS IS BECAUSE OF LACK OF DECISIVE ACTION AND LEADERSHIP. MOST OF THIS COULD BE AVOIDED IF WE LOSE 1HE NOTION OF IT WILL LOOK BAD IF WE APPEAR TO BE MOVING TOWARD A PARA­ Mil.ITARY FORCE. ONCE A SITUATION BEGINS TO GET OUT OF HAND THE "BEAT BOBBIES" ARE TAKEN AWAY TO DON THEm. RIOT GEAR. IN THE EYES OF AFA THIS DOES NOT TURN THEM INTO SUPERMEN OR RIOT COPS. ONCE THEY LEAVE THE SCENE THEY LOSE THE INITIATIVE. THE POLICE MAY FEEL GOOD IN THEM SELVES BUT TO THE MORE EXPERIENCED PROTESTER THEY ARE JUST "BEAT BOBBIES" WHO HAVE DONNED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. RIOT POLICE BEING PRESENT THE PERCENTAGE OF DEMONSTRATORS WHO WOULD IMMEDIATELY STEER CLEAR OF CRIMINAL AND ll.LEGAL ACTS IS ROUGHLY 70%. ANOTHER 20%. WOULD STAY INTERESTED IF THE RIOT POLICE WERE IN SMALL NUMBERS. THE REMAINING 10% ARE NOT INTIMIDATED AT ALL BUT MERELY BIDE THEIR TIME TO STRIKE IF AND WHEN THE OPPORTUNITY ARISES. IF THIS STRIKE IS SUCCESSFUL THE REACTION OF THE 20% IS IMMEDIA1E AND SOME 25-30% OF THE OTHERS Wll.L JOIN THE FRAY. IT IS DIFFiCULT TO MPS-0728167 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728167 PORTRAY THE INTENSE HATRED OF THE POLICE FELT BY MOST OF THE AFOREMENTIONED GROUPS. WHEN THE CONDITIONS ARE RIGHT THE DEMONSTRATORS WILL UNITE INTO A MAELSTROM OF VIOLENCE DIRECTED AGAINST THE POLICE WHICH IS VIRTUALLY IMPOSSIBLE TO CONTAIN OR CONTROL. EVEN THE LESS VIOLENT GROUPS WILL ROUND ON A LONE POLICE OFFICER IF HE HAS BEEN GROUNDED OR ISOLATED. FIELDCRAFT IF AN EVENT IS WELL PUBLICIZED MOST OF THE SERIOUS AGITATORS Wll,L HAVE WALKED THE PROPOSED ROUTE. THEY WILL HAVE LOCATED WEAPON DROPS, AMBUSH SITES AND MOST IMPORTANTLY ESCAPE ROUTES. ON THE DAY OF THE EVENT MOST SERIOUS DEMONSTRATORS Wil,L TURN UP WITH TRAVEL CARDS MAPS AND MOBil,E TELEPHONES. ON LARGE SCALE DEMONSTRATIONS OR MARCHES WHERE CONFRONTATION IS LIKELY AND EXPECTED BOTH SIDES WILL HAVE MOBILE AND FOOT SPOITERS. A FAVORED METHOD IS THE APPRENTICE CADDY WITH THE HONDA 90 AND CLIPBOARD AND THE PUSH BIKE DISPATCH RIDER. THERE Wil.L NORMALLY BE A TELEPHONE MANNED WHERE ALL THE INTELLIGENCE OBTAINED IS FED INTO AND mEN DISPATCHED TO THE MOBILE TELEPHONES ON SCENE. THE USE OF SCANNERS IS NOW FAIRLY COMMONPLACE NOW SO BEW ARE OF - THE HOUSEWIFE WITH THE PUSHCHAIR. SENIOR AFA WOMEN MPS-0728167 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728167 USUALLY ABANDON THEm NORMAL DREARY GARB AND DRESS UP AND ACTUALLY MINGLE WITH THE OPPOSITION. THE WAY fflE INTELLIGENCE IS DISSEMINATED IS NOVEL WHEN THE TELEPHONE IS ANSWERED THE PERSON RECEIVING THE MESSAGE IMMEDIATELY REPEATS THE MESSAGE SO THAT EVERYONE IS ABLE TO HEAR WHAT IS HAPPENING SO THAT THERE ARE NO SECRETS AND EVERYONE IS FULLY BRIEFED THE MOMENT THE INFORMATION WAS RECEIVED. THIS IS A USEFUL TACTIC ENSURING 1HAT NO-ONE IS LEFf OUT AND MADE TO FEEL THAT HE OR SHE IS NOT TRUSTED, POLICE TACTICS SOMEONE SOMEWHERE WILL HAVE TO DECIDE WHEN AND HOW TO DEPLOY THE RIOT POLICE. I BELIEVE THAT RIOT POLICE READY AND AVAILABLE ON SITE WILL DETER 85-90% OF POTENTIAL TROUBLE MAKERS. SO WHY BE AFRAID TO DEPLOY THEM LIKE THAT FROM THE START? mE REASON IS USUALLY INCOMPETENCE AND COWARDICE ON THE PART OF THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT. AT THESE TIMES OF DANGER AND DISORDER WHAT IS NEEDED IS "DECISIVE INTELLIGENT POLICE ACTION", WHAT WE USUALLY GET IS"INDECISION PARALYSIS AND INCOMPETENCE". THESE LAST FEW LINES MAY APPEAR CONTROVERSIAL BUT HAVING EXPERIENCED THE STRIFE AT GROUND LEVEL THE ONLY AMAZING THING IS THAT A UNIFORMED COLLEAGUE HAS NOT DIED BECAUSE MPS-0728167 • Official 20100313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-On8167 OF THE AJIORl'MEN11ONED INUJIJt7I>E OF SENIOR OFFICERS. • • MPS-0728167 Of?cial 20180313 MPS-O7281B7 Official 20180313 v-wh-u- -.. APPENDIX MPS-07281 68 MPS-0728168 • ---------------- Offleial 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728188 ()__ 28. An aeeeaamGnt of the fraquenciee or names \.8Ul'n�• foren311119(e)/ initials) ie eooential if the na;ie ie to be used � .• pr1tllar)- claesificatlon in an alphabetical index. Three inveet!«at�ne int� tje c0111paratiw ei� or R umauee etc. are mentioned bel09. � ·too1c p].ac;, ,in 1944 by the • Organisation and Jretbods Division of KJI. Tre•uey ('1'.0.11.), tbe second one was undertaken in 1964 by the Poet Office in connection ';'ith the introduction of a computer intb the Poet Office Savings Bank (P .o.s.:a.), and the third by the Uinietry or Social Security in 1966� T.o.u. (a) Survey '1'he analysis in the T.O.it. IIU?'Vey was baaed on a number of nominal indexes and records, eonie inside azv1 some outeide Government Dep artments, covering a total of sixty million names and va17ing in ehe frctA 2001000 to thirty million nomee. The data obtained tran this analysis 1e ae foll01te ,_ (i) Frequency of the initial letter of eum•ee. (11) Frequency or the COIIIIIOft eumaaaee, in order of frequency. (111) (iv) n II II II II , in alphabet�cal order. Frequency of tbe initial lettere of tbe firet forenames aeeociated with ccamon eumamee. (v) Di visions into which nominal indexes and records c£ various sizes mll1 �e brokan to give even distribution. Ta�lea e&ttln& out the aMl,yaea at (i), (ii), (ill) and (iv) above are in App endio.,e A, :a, C arxl D respectively. The analysis for (v) above hae not been reproduced as it coven eome fifty quarto size pagee. (o) 1'.o.s.11, surver '1'he P.o.s.n. required to know the accurate distribution of aurnamoe Rnd forenames in order to produce a file combining account nU111ber and name eo a$ to allocate appropriate sized eub-divieione of the available number range -to each a�phabetic division, at the ft8ID8 _tilne preservins th e alphabetical aequence. The T.O.&I. survey was not adequate for this purpose and eo the P.o.s.B. decided in the firet place to analyse the half million nmee making up the Civil Service Central Statt Becor&. (c.s.c.s.R.) systems. to produce a list Ser.orxl� it 1f88 or \ names and various name and codin6 proposed to analyse tbe alphabetical index of MPS-0728168 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728168 • • • . . ...,,•._•..,.., .._,.,. .,.r,• , N -,..,•..-..�-....._.. ,. --·-------•· �.. ..,.___ .,._ ..----·-·-• " •- �--: account holders' names in the ?.O.S.B. itself so that both analyses cover11'18 approximately 44 million people would provide sufficient detail to enable the P.o.s.�. to set up a canbined file. stage (analysis of the C.S.C.S.J.) co-:,bined file v,as c\ropped. In fact only the first was completed before the ide� of a Appendices :B, C and D show in the surnnme order of the T.O.M. survey the frequency obtained from tho T.O.lii., c.s.c.s.R. and Social Security surveys. I One of the more import'lnt aspects of tho P.O.S.B. sul"'{ey was th:lt it was aim�d at a COillputer processed file, so that th� c.s.c.S.R. index was an,'llysed to show the results of six different rnothods of coding surnames. (c) The results are reproduced at Appendix E. ?.!inii,try of Soc1'1l Security The Ct1ntral Office of the i>anietry of Social Security maintain an inde,c slip for each peroon insured or in receipt of a pension under the National Insurnnce Acts. A count of the binders holding these slips was hold in January 1966 and &1ong the data obtained was 1(i) Frequency of initial letter of surnR111e. (ii) Frequency of com:non surnames. The tables are incorporated in Appendices A, B and . c• --.... MPS-0728168 0 • N_.,. -·�----- Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728168 Appendix A. FBEstJENCY OF INITIAL LETTERS OF SURNAUES Survey lliniatry ot Social Security '/o 'f. A 4. 0 l3 10.6 2.9 10.3 5.z. z..8 2.7 2.2 T. O.ll. 7.7 C D E 3.8 F 4. 8 0 7.8 H I 0.5 J 2.3 K 2.6 5. 0 L )l N p 3.5 4.9 8.8 0.5 3.1 2.1+ 4.1 7 .0 2. 3 9.3 4.8 5.4 2.3 0 7.8 1.6 1.4 � 0.2 0.2 R 4.4 5.2 s 9. 3 9.1 3.8 4. 2 V .l.O w 7.4 0.5 'l' u 0 .4 . X y z - ' 0.3 - 0.2 - 7.4 o.z. 0.1 MPS-0728168 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728168 Appendix B. FBEQUENCI OF C amou SURNAMES (a) Arr anged in o�er of frequency Frequeno1 '/, Surname c.s.c.s.a. Securlt;r 1 .33 1.37 .67 .65 .63 1. Smith 2. 1.76 Jones 1.24 3. Brown .62 5. 6. .83 .82 Taylor .57 4. 7. a. 9. 10. 11. Williams .44 • 5Zt .4 7 .51 Johnson .56 Thoma.s .44 . 39 Ev-ans .44 Wood .43 Davies Wright 14. 1i'h.ite 15. Roberts Thompson 17. Robineon 10. Hall 19. Green Hughes 21. Edwards 22. Martin 23. 'l\lrner 25. .68 .44 Wilson 13. 24. 1.07 . 59 Walker 20. .99. .75 12. 16. Social T. O.K. .32 .35 .43 .43 .28 .34 .. •.23 • 28 .40 .29 .31 .36 .36 .37 .29 .32 .41 .32 .37 .35 . 35 .29 .30 • 29 .33 . �8 .32 .29 ,27 • 27 .30 .28 • 28 .3 2 .30 .30 • 29 . .29 .27 .28 .27 .27 .25 Harris .28 .28 ,44 Lewi• .28 • 28 .22 MPS-0728168 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728168 ... Frequency'/, Surnallle T. 0.W:. Social Security Cooper .28 .23 .24 Koore .28 .2, .18 28. Clarke .28 .24 .• 25 29. Bill .27 .24 .21 Scott .27 .24 31. ,24 Jackson .27 .24 .28 32. Ward. .27 .21 .20 33, Jlorri• .26 .22 .23 34. Horgan .25 .20 ,21 .28 • 26 ,25 .22 .19 .24 .19 .,23 .24 .24 .22 26. 27. 30. 35. Clark 36. W&tson 37. Harrison 38. Balcer .25 ,24 .� .·23 .22 .21 .20 Allen .22 .21 .17 Parker .22 .16 .15 .Bell .21 .18 .18 Davis .21 .19 • 18 .20 .18 .19 Slla,r .20 .16 .18 Simpson .20 .15 · .17 Phillips .20 .21 .20 49. Le• .19 .15 50:· Young • 19 .21 51. Killer .19 .19 52. Jamee .19 ,19 53. Anderson ,19 .21 39, ·.e c. s. c. s. R. 40. 4 1. 42. 43. 44. King .23 Uitchell 4�· �nnv:U 46. 47, 48. MPS-0728168 - Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI , �--- ---- ··------ -- -· MPS-0728168 ... . Appendix B. ( contd. ) • Frequency 'f. Suroame 54. Bicha:rda 0D 55. Cook 'l'.o.u. c.s. c.s.a. .18 .17 .18 .18 Marehall 58. .18 Orittitba .17 .17 59. Bailey 61, Price 5 6. 57. Co% 60. MacDonald. .1 7 .18 .17 .16 .17 .18 .17 ,17 .16 ,17 ,lJ .17 .13 Carter .16 .17 Stewa.1'1 .16 Campbell 67. .16 ColliDB .16 6c. Adams ,16 .1 7 70. Ora,y ,15 Webb .1 5 71. .15 llille 72. Ellie .15 73. .15 Bichardlt 74, llaeon .l} 75, .15 Hol1119e .14 Bl11oU ,14 Foeter 78, .14 Bogera .]4 79. Fletcher .14 80. Kurra,r .14 62. Wilkinson 63, Kelly 64. 65, G6. 69. 76,' 77. Social SecUl'ity .16 .18 .1 6 , 17 ,13 , 15 .11+ .15 .12 ' .. MPS-0728168 - Otft:lal 20180313 MPS>Dl.S>UCPI ... �·--...,,.,.--r--..,-..�--- ----·--·--··- r,. �- FNpnc7 'f. iuaeell .lZ. a4. lnllam .13 05. Bunt .JJ �6. Cbap11181l .13 07. Inlghl .JJ GO. Jlatihen • 1, 89. Harvey .12 °"° Pea:reoa .12 �2. Jeakine .12 Palmer .12 9�. Pi.all.er • 12 95. Powell .12 96. LloJd • 12 91 • Boward .12 98. Stnena .12 km•• .11 . .ll 103, Reid .11 104. Droob • 11 10;. Booib .11 106. laUe .ll 107. ,ll Pearce .. .u 101. Gibson 102. Butler . .11 99. hrker 100, ... .12 91. 93. Soa1.al �'\1 .14 lobertaon .v. 83. c.s.c.s.& i'.O.IL JI� �2. ?:I• - IW>S-0728188 . MPS-0728168 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI C MPS-0728168 ( i Frequency"/,, Surname 108. Bradley .11 109. Reynolds .11 110. Bunter .11 �11. Da"WSon Thomson .10. 13• Saunders .10 � 14 . Day � 15. Henderson • 10 116. Ross .10 17 • Ford •.10 I 18. Andrews 19. Dixon .10 West 21. Wells n 22. Pa,yne ,2j, Spencer ,24. Hart ,25. Johnston �26. Fox .10 .10 .10 .,o .10 • 10 .10 .10 �28. We.l.sh .10 �29. Lo'lle .10 i j1. Marsh I 32. At;cinson .. .10 n 21. Perry �30. Hudson Social Security .10 I 20. c. 3. c. s.:a. .n 12. I - 'l'.O.K. .09 .09 .09 � 33. S.rr,- .09 34. BurDa .09 ,35. Cole .09 MPS-0728168 - ------·..--,·--- Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI T.O.M. - 136. Williamson .09 137. Rees .09 Lawrence 139. Riley ., ,,... ...._--...,_.., MPS-0728168 .... -· - c.s.c.s.R. Social Security .09 .09 1_40. Burton .09 141. Woods .09 142. Ball .09 143, Webster .09 144. Hayes ._. __ ___ Frequency% Surnuie i38. � .09 145. Havldns .09 146. Dunn .09 147. Rose .09 .. MPS-0728168 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728168 AJ>pendix c. FBESUENCY OF Cot,IUON SURNAJdES (b) Arranged in alphabetical order Frequency Sur11Qlllo I 'l'.o.u. c.s.c.s.R. Adanla .16 .1 7 Allen .22 .21 Anderson .19 .21 Andrews • 10 Atkinson .09 Bailey .1 7 .16 :Baker • 24 .24 :Ball .(1) :Barker .11 :Barnes • ll Bell .21 Bennett .20 Berry • (1) Booth .ll llradley .11 Bl'ooka .8 3 Bl.u-na .09 &rton .09' Butl.er .11 Campbell .16 Carter .16 Chapman .1 3 Sooial Security . 17 • 22 I .. .18 .18 .18 .19 .62 .6 7 .11 Brown 'p .16 . 17 MPS·0728168 • Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI .......... ...___ ,,_.,., ...... ___.,.__....,_.... _. ___ .. .._,. ,- MPS-0728188 .,�..... .. A.Pl)and:1.% 0. ( oontd. ) , F.N"1•00¥ � S\irn8'111 • I I • .25 .28 Clarb .26 .24 Cole .09 Collins .16 Cook • 18 Cooper .26 CO% .J8 .17 Davies .56 .51 Ila.vie • 21 JlaaOD .11 • 10 � .09 .i:11•-e.NB .,a EllioU .14 SU1a .15 :svana .44 Fiehe.r .12 Pletch·er .14 Ford .10 Poshr .14 Fox .10 8ecurit¥ .26 . 25 ' .16 -� .18 .21. .54 .u .18 .. .10 i>ixon Social c.s. c.s.a. Clalic Day • ,.o.u. I .29 .27 .1, .,., .4:5 ' MPS--0728168 • . - ·-·----- ----- ... Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI . - - ·----·--- ...... . . MP�07.!IS1ts8 I...~ �eno,1� SlanlllDe Cibaon .11 Graham .13 Grq I ! I I .17 .27 .,2 Griftitba .17 .17 Ball .,2 .29 .:is Bania .28 .28 .44 il&:tt1aon .24 • 19 Bart .23 .10 Barve7 .12 Hawbna .<:IJ Ba:,ea .09 liendera«.i .10 Hill .Z'{ .24 Holmes • 11. .12 iioward .12 Bu&hee • .15 Social Secur117 Oreen Bwlaon I c.s.c.s.a. r.o.JL -� .30 .27 I ! .21 .28 .28 .28 .13 liunter .11 Jackaon .z, .24 Jamee .19 •.19 Jenld.ais .12 Jobnaon .4,7 .32 J'olmeton .10 . 35 .99 1.01 1.2i. I .. Bunt Jones ; . MPS-0728168 • Offldal 20100313 MPS>OLS>UCPI •-•-•,..,.-·••v-• .......... . _..,. • .,.. - ,. � Appendix Frequency - airo... t.O.K. Eelq . , .17 • • f. Soaial S.cunv .a. .2} �t .l} Lewreaoe .09 Lee .19 Lewi• .28 Llo,d. .12 Low .10 llacDonald. .17 .18 Uarah .09 �rahall • 18 ,17 l&rUll .JO Ila.BOD • 15 llatthen .lJ Killer .19 Xilla .15 Kitch.all (contd.). .lJ nns I I c.s. C.S, R. c. MPS-0728168 .23 .15 .28 .28 .22 .. .27 ,13 .19 .13' .22 .21 .20 lSoore .26 .23 .18 Korgaa. .25 .20 .21 Ko:rria .26 U\lrllh, .v. .22 llurrq •lit Onn .12 .?J MPS-0728168 • Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI --- .. ..,.,_..__ •__, ... ' ..... __ ,,______ .,.,._,.. , I ... Freq11enc1 Surnam. 'l'.o.u. .12 Pah1er • I II .22 Parker ?�• .10 Pearce .11 Pearao11 .12 Perey .10 P',l1llia>a .20 P owell .12 Price .17 Rees • ()I) Reid .11 .11 Re111olda .15 Richards • lU.cbardao11 , 18 Riley- .09 Roberts Robertson lobillaon Roger• Roso Rosa Russell Saunders • MPS-0728168 c. s.c. s. B. -..... ... a- -- • ,. .,,.., .. ... 'J. Sooi.al Seeurit� .18 .15 .21 .20 .16 • lit • 17 ! I .. • 36 .36 • }7 • lit . 35 •lit .29 .32 .O'] . .10 ,14 .10 l>COtt .z, .24 .24 Shaw .20 .16 .16 Simpson .20 Smith. I l,76 .15 .17 1.33 1.37 MPS-0728168 .. -- -·-···- Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728168 -�--------- -.-- - ----- .. .Frequency % Surname T. O.U. c.s. c.s.R. Social Security Spencer .10 Stevens .12 Stewart .16 .16 Taylor .75 .59 .35 . 29 .39 .33 'i'homas Tnompson '?nomson .44 .10 • 63 .39 Turner .29 • 27 • 25 Walker .41 .29 • 28 Walsh .10 ?lard .27 .21 .20 I ·:.atson • 25 • 22 I Watts .11 'Hebb 'l:'ebster .10 �'iast .10 V.iute .37 Wilkinson , 17 Williamson .0 9 Wilson I .82 .57 -Wood .43 Woods .09 .15 .32 • 29 .65 .65 .44 .44 .28 .28 .30 ,13 Wright .40 .31 Young .19 .21 I .• 19 .09 Wells Williams ·I .15 -· MPS-0728168 . .., .. ,,...... �....,. ____ Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI ._.....,_____ ...... " ·-------�---·· ·· MPS-0728168 . . Appendix D ,': FREr@CY 00' IllITIAL � OF FL'!ST cr::r;;;�Alf :u:.:.:: ASSOCIATED ;·.-r....:-1 ca.::o;: s-1..u,,;;.::,s S�'i'H ::nitial - of first i'orename ' A ., 11.1 i, ,0.37 3.22 I i 11.4 ! I \7I1.LIJ.l!S ! 5.59 5,7 11.9 9.10 4,47 6.o 5.36 6.31 7.68 10.5 I 11.11 3.2 4,68 4.2 3.7 4,97 6.3 0 7,3 7,03 5. 5 10.s 6.18 4,86 5.6 5,96 a.3 3.16 7.53 2.0 9,22 10.0 5,4 6.16 5_,o 1.7 3,4 1,9 0 6,93 2.1 5.6 9,7 3.66 4.3 4,34 4.1 5.75 5,0 5,07 5.3 5.10 6.1 5.51 5.5 9.9 ll.O iC 1.1 11.�9 2.02 10.39 2.25 L 3.51 5,74 3,7 1.94 1.0 3.9 7,8 0,7 6.4 5,99 6,9 6,46 .37 .8 • 93 ,7 .}S 1.2 2,19 1.4 H r J Li I ?T 6,0 1.7 1,13 1.67 l,4 1,21 .6 0 1.7 3.85 .06 Q, s T 'Li II ! t r. X ! z 5 .3 7,27 2,8 2.66 3.6 1.2 7.7 3.94 .03 I I 1.55 6.99 .12 1,5 l,4 3.37 l,41 2.85 14,8 1.21 13.86 3,4 3.39 l,8 1.0 1.4 1,43 I 1.0 'i01t 2.2 I cscsa cscsa CSCSR 'i'I.YLOR 'i'Ol.l 'roll I 4.5 £ - j �sc::.i1 4.5 , 3.51 C G -� 2.2 B 11,10�'1? JONE.5 I 2.4 12.4 .8 3,4 6,4 1,4 3.18 2.31. 1,8 7,87 2.6 11.2 7,10 5.3 6,44 1.8 1.42 8.30 6,70 4.15 6.o 4.70 5.24 6.4 4.86 2,44 10;53 12.5 2.07 l,O 2.96 6,44 l,44 ,98 2.58 l i 6.7 1.0 .. 6.1 I I 3.39 i! 6.67 I 3.3 5,6 1�2 10.6 8.06 5.6 7.47 3,70 3,4 2.69 5,6 1,4 1.62 l,l 7.03 8.0 3.52 ,04 1,27 6.68 .06 3.0 3.11 2.6 8.27 2.41 4.8 2.30 6,08·' • I 1.3 14,81 3.52 3.5 I 6,0 CSCSR 1,42 ,43 .ex. 3,48 4,18 3.5 Ii 3,1 2.70 1.35 ,7 1.25 .04 9.5 6.24 ,03 7.5 6,44 .17 .06 MPS-0728168 �--- Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI :n1tial :,! !irs-t ro1.: CSCSR A ll.0 :s 11.37 1.8 2.1 C 4.2 2,34 Forename• - D 4.2 E t' G :.. . ;: .. - X ,. z I· 4,41 14,37 l, 58 3,42 2.7 6,65 .05 9.55 9,l 7.37 8.8 5.42 3.0 4.30 :P 7.83 3.30 8.74 11.7 2.5 2.95 1.8 4.87 8.o 8.69 8.6 7,79 ll,O 6,0 7,72 5.6 6,32 2.95 l,S 2.06 3.11 3,4 7.84 10,4 6. 34 5.4 5,72 2. 58 2.62 5.4 4,93 3.6 6,76 6.0 3. 15 5,89 i 8.88 3.1 4.12 5.0 4,53 11;5 10.16 11,7 .6 11.6 1.81 10.83 2.26 .6 11.53 1,47 3.27 3.9 3 .59 3.0 3.53 6.55 2,2 l,71 5 .2 3.30 3.6 5.97 3.6 1,2 1.53 1.2 .83 1.2 .71, 3.0 1.0 5,57 6.6 .66 .1 1.39 ,31 .6 .6 1.88 5. 69 ,61 3.50 1.6 1,.32 1.2 3. 05 1.2 2.20 5,8 6.34 3.8 7.18 5.4 7,16 4,3 6,91 6.0 4,73 3,25 6.0 4,12 .8 1.12 .9 7 1.2 2. 5 9 ,0 3,04 .04 6,16 .08 3.90 2,4 3. 0 2,44 4,9 ,9 1,24 1 .3 6,88 10,2 3.5 11.4 ,01 .01 - 8.65 13.33 .8 .. 4.49 11,5 3,4 6 B.o cscsa 2.5 .8 1.17 TO'»: 1,28 7.91 1.0 CSCSR 1.3 ,18 .09 TOLi 2,7 6.o 3.82 9.14 CSCSR 2.0 - - EVAllS THO"s.'.AS 4.73 6,74 1.48 3.15 ·-·-··· -·--·--· ·- 4.0 6,0 3.6 w 3,60 1,4 T V 11.3 3.60 2.8 . 5.17 1.5 � u 4.0 2,4 ;. :, 4.42 l,80 .5 . 3.0 6.o 1,0 0 4.14 5.48 8.7 :.. ,. 13,8 5 .5 5.2 3.2 � 'l'Oli! 1.eo 10.5 1,9 CSCSR 1.2 7.77 16.0 1.0 J roli 9.0 3.6 jOF.:�Oll iiAVI:::S 7:ILS0N' .. , MPS-0728168 3.10 .06 7,}l 3.0 9,6 -· 3.12 1.15 8.33 .10 MPS-0728168 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI ------*---- - ·---·----- - ........ . MPS-0728168 .�,.,,.. .... Appendix D (Contd) ·;:ALIER WOOlJ Initial ;''HITE ;·,'RIGHI' ROBERTS ot first ro:.r cscsa 'roJ.i. cscsa TOil cscsa rou CSCSR TOil A 10.0 9,6 13.2 10,02 11.0 9.81 ll,O 8.2 1.9 3.13 1.7 2,06 3.13 1.6 C 1..4 5.57 4.0 5,58 2.5 9.50 5.5 5.23 D 3,7 5.74 Forename E 12.0 1 5,7 5.50 4.1 6,38 5,0 4,25 4,0 3.92 5.0 7.17 lO.l 5.84 9 .5 6,76 5.36 CSCSR I I B.17 2.64 3,68 2.2 4,7 5.68 3.7 4,73 4. 7 5.27 5.1 6.5C 3.98 ll.l 6,62 10.1 6.4 5.03 4,5 6.83 6.83 G 5.7 6.�9 6.1 6.04 5.0 4.53 6.4 5.39 ii 5.0 7.10 6.0 5.25 6.3 5.93 6,4 5.1 5.33 6,7 I : 1,8 1.40 1.4 1.54 l,9 1.02 1.6 1.66 2,2 1,62 13,2 12.11 13.1 13.81 11.5 13.19 12.0 12.19 11.8 11.44 ;: 1. 3 1.95 1.3 2.33 1.2 2.62 .8 1,96 1,94 2,92 3.7 3.38 4,0 3.eo 1.5 5.5 6,01 5. 6 1.47 1.5 4,9 3.34 7.5 5.9 6.91 7.3 5.81 1.9 5,99 1.53 1.7 1.14 1.9 1.41 .28 .8 .34 .6 • 83 1.8 3.06 1,8 4,12 1.9 3.57 1,5 e.10 4.5 7.84 4.1 6.31 4,7 s 4,9 3.1 4.32 4.19 3 .0 4.15 4.0 T 2.4 1;81 3.0 3.7 2.46 3.3 2.36 3.4 2 .58 1.3 1.53 1. 3 1.61 1.2 .77 ,8 1.72 ;-. .. .. C R u V · TI X .6 7.5 5,57 3,7 9.8 6.78 7,5 .13 8.35 .8 ,8 . 7.1 3,7 5 .11 2,74 1.29 1,5 li 4,78 ,7 I 2.ac 8,15 6.7 .25 3.92 3.9 3.7 .07 4,90 I 6.99 :;..2s 1.1s 3.6£ 3.e· ,Ot .7 8,9 1.21. 6.8; y z MPS-0728168 .. .. - Offi:ial 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728168 ·-- ----·-----------..,-•� · ........-------·---�--··· ··... -· .. ' . , ... n IIOml�ll Initial Df tir6t Jl'oNll&a A - l C ., £ I J X I, Lt 'll 0 ? ml CSCSll 8.1 u.12 9.8 8.90 li.6 J.O 3.82 1,.62 1,.78 3.9 3.o 10.0 4.92 5-3 i..35 1.5 12.0 - 1.0 6.1 1,5 2.]9 6.89 5 .39 4.92 1.21 1.5 6.9 6.1 1.5 2.5 8 5.71 6.5 2 6.13 6.� .gfi 13.8 1 5,28 14.0 1 3 .6 5 4 .8 2,87 li.5 3.20 1.6 1.0 1.6 1.6 2.2 1.11 ,7 2.�5 5.62 6.o 1,,96 ,,.8 4.58 •8 .u 1.98 fl) (2) cscsa 10.0 2.0 9.4 2.8 5.0 6.o � 1,.3 s '1' u ... X y z 5. 3 2 .3 8.26 3.76 1.2 5.8 5.7 4.5 5,5 5 .1 12.5 lJ.5 6.6 6. 3 o.8 .i. 1.8 1.0 J.8 1.1i 1.4 2.0 3.5 1,5 5.03 1.5 J.6 ,., 6.59 ...01 5.2 1,5 4.6 3.9 1.5 1.0, 1., 9.o 3.51- ,., 1.20 l,l 6-" 8.7 .01 3. 1 .. 1.5 1.97 2.05 8.t.2 1i.5 1. 5 2., 1., 5 .0 10.6 Q V • cscsa 1,.0 ;. - � � i;Zll".lRIJ.LT .02 I J.5 2., .03 l,2 6.8 .oo .06 .02 lbte l • tht anrage of 1T _, popular -• 1n 'the '1'DLS>UCPI MPS-0728168 ... Appendix E •• - ANALYSIS OF' SIX DI�lT m."l'l,ODS OF CODnrG su:J1Al,lZS Charactere used Code 173.8 l. 2.3.4 13,010 30.98 ;9.4 1.2.3,4.5 26,257 62,.52 19.5 1.6 1.2.3.4.5,6 35,561 84,67 14,4 1.2 6,400 15,24 ao.o 6.6 14,801 35,24 34.6 2,9 2 4 5 ! ! 6 AveraBG Pereona Averase Surnames per code 7,02 1.2.3 I No. ot codes as a � total surnames 2,948 l 3 No. ot codes produced l.3.5 l.2.3 Final I 14.; 3.4 i MPS-0728168 Official 20180313 APPENDIX MPS-0728169 . • ..... ao .... • Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI ...... �·· ··:-..: ... � ...... MPS-0728169 - INSTRUCTION TO UNDEIICOWR OFFICER '11 A. PC11e11 omce, rn\lSt r,ot ec:t as an· agent povoeateu,". This mOAna hO nust noc. • lr -� p,ocwe..• o peuon. no, thtough that r,e11on anybody else ... to c:omm,t en ofblce, nor an oHonce of a ma,e serious character. wltil that parsun would 1101 01herwlee have cuntl'lltted. 121 However, a Police Officer 11 -ihd 10 join e conspiracy which iaahadyin being.• or en offence wnchls; llntad\' "laldon". or. lo, ellllfflPle, wl\919 a person has made an offer to suppty goods. incblng dNgs. wtich inllolvea tha c-,,l•ion of a crlllffllll o lfence. 131 II, cbfng the course of an imieatlgatJon Into an offanca o, allies cl ollenc:ea. a pW90n lnolwd suggesca !hat COfflffll•lon ot. or oflere to commit, • further limibi olfenm le.g.. by offe,lno to aupply drugs ldawfulv) a Police Officer .ii ntlad to paniclpate In lhepropoead olfence.1"he offic• lhdt not Incite such an offenCll. (41 Police Off- an entitled to u1111ha ol lnfllta1ion of fl'OIICIS or o,ganlaatloM. In such a case II Is p,oper for .. undetcovef oflice, 10 show Interest In, and enthusiasm lo,, proposals made__.. though thc:Y are u•wtul. but, In 10 doing. he mu-. try totrNd thedlfflcut h beaween showing Iha neceaaa,y Interest and enthutlHffl ID keep .. cow, (and pu,s,e his inllestigallon) and actually becomno Wl agent provoca•ur. I Iii Police Officers m.at obtain conliimedon lhat tha Information they ere actlno on is aca,,ate and before becolnino Involved In Ulldal- oe,eretlons. 161 Police Office,. 111111 be• h mind that. by vtnue of Section 78 of Iha Polee lftl Criminal Evidence Act 1984, a Judge may take Into accounl Iha dtcumuinces Inv.filch evidence was oaalnad In considering ha adw,se effect on lhe fllirnea of proceeding• in Court. Invariably this me- vau enter a clifflinll cx,nsplracy or become pa,I of I pre-arra,iged almiftal off111ee. )"°' -•pon ,111..,._ Supe,vllllng Offleer: Date: Time: On . I -• ln11n1etad by as to the '1nstructions to Undeu:ove, Offlc8'S"' contained In this book. . Sipd. ' !Psftudon\lffll • i\ \ . . _., ___ � s· cc::c:.... ... �:,.. MPS-0728169 Official 20180313 MPS-0728170 APPENDIX MPS-O728170 MPS-0728170 [115) [The first 12 pages of Appendix G have been redacted in full on a provisional basis.] 0 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI -----···· -- ------- . ···--··--··· MPS-0728170 SDS END OJ' TOUR DEPARTURE.smA'IEGY Jl wil generaly be reprded by field operalives that, regarcless ofmany of the no doubt wws difficulties eocourtered the early st&Bes cfamilation into the target IJOUP and then sewral years cl' mmtaining an increasin&IY involved and often problemalical existence, the real challenge presents itaelf' when attempling to put ido pradice an operationallyviable plan that i s both thoroughly convincing to the target gtoop and indeed to oaeaelf. that is to say in keepng with all aspeces of one's persona that wiD have become 90 fiuniliar to many associates. lfit isabundantly dear that all � will, by necessity, have their own unicpe sussesnom as to what comprise, their ideal method of departure, the importuce ofthe succ:e.u of this final episode in the SDS tour holds good fi>r everyone concerned with this out& and may be f8Cionali,ed as CaUows: n - I) The principal pi rL my plan OODOtJDiqg the depart\n 6001 the scene lDllll be that 11 much as it is in ID)'One'scontrol, the cnsdibility of the operadt.-e is in no way tarnished. Indeed it would pcilaps be &her to susse-,t that a ptnly proiessional point of view the aedi>ility would ideally be enban.ced by a carafuOy thought dawgb set mcircumstaDceS be they related to a relativelyabmpt or comiderablyprotnlded demise. mm 2) A disappemanoe that gives serious misgivin&9 among the tarset group that the operative was indeed su,pect is of cow,e no diffe,eat from the point of view of grounds for coocem as to similar misgivi• voiced during one's SDS tour. However, in the fidd, one is able to anempt to counter such suspiciom by any IU1lbar mproedM means . Once depaned, events concrol mthe opendive and the verdict as to his or her are outa credibility 'Will be, ifIMJr questioned, resolved on the strength ma codJinauon of one's target group spon90n and alies and the gemine level m!t,eling among them as to their perception of the gellJineness ofthe openmve's aistence over several )aJI. With the most recent event of the nature of tie disappearance being no doull uppermost in their minds it goes withoot saying that an uocoaviocing, clmnsy vanahing act will not only fuel any existing suspicions but, in the absence ofany such misSMD88, could easily give rise to newly founded apprehensions. 3) 'Ibe inevitable naive and cynical commed that might be hwd from a wide raJ>F ofpeop]e not p-ivy to the day to day opation mthe ament SOS team as to their seemingly needless obsession with end tour procedure and the incnuingly advanced steps laken to IS!ist officers wilb their pan may really be dismissed without a second thought. The bizam: and unique nature of SOS work lends it,elfto a system mcontilll81 improwJIDeDt with rep,ds to best practice for the squad as a whole and � that could be constNed within operalionlll parameters as improvi� the crecibility oftbe individual v.itlin tho eyes cf the target group ahould rL cnne he dMJoped and ln1n>duced . (Suitable noteworthy aqmples within recent I 4 I I J • !�., al� [117) « Jl is fair to say tbal it would be d>diemel) nue to find an SOS opndve that for promoml, peraonal reasons or in many caaes both, would be indif!mnt at some stage mhis post SOS am,er to the revelation by his target group that be or she was in &cl an iilfiltrator. Sut6ce to saytbat the impad ofsuch an outcome on operatives isofCOll'5e ldested but the geruioe conoem is nonetheless Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728170 there no more so perhaps than immediately and within the first few months of one's disappearance. There can be little doubt then that any steps that can be taken to realise the successful implementation of the operative's plan will be directly proportional to allaying any apprehensions the officer will have as to his departure being viewed unfavourably and, by definition, greatly assist his or her rehabilitation period (for want of a better expression) prior to a return to 'normal' duties. The unpredictable repercussions for any operative that, but for all due assistance given with regard to his convincing removal from the target group, might manifest themselves at a later date in any manner of ways could not only be of potential harm to the SDS team itself but render all those concerned in the decision making process liable to well founded criticism. 4) All operatives work in target groups forever on the lookout for those involved in state sponsored infiltration and monitoring oftheir activities ofwhatever nature. Leaving aside the obvious and inherent risks of SDS work itselfin the event of the officer being fully compromised, the rather more widespread damage that would be done specifically to fellow field officers and indeed for successful future coverage ofthe field concerned is really incalculable. Even if in the aftennath of one's departure, the method and nature of the leaving gave grounds for doubting the authenticity ofthe operative, then this too would be distinctly damaging for existing or subsequent coverage. It is during the SOS tour that the operative uses a whole host ofselfinitiated strategies to convince the target group ofhis trustworthiness (the real and only key to a successful SDS period) as well as benefiting from the invaluable assistance with complex scenarios from SDS office staff all of which combine to give a thoroughly convincing picture of the assumed character. Thus, any aspect of one's SDS career that allows the target group to be convinced that the operative is not who he purports to be, renders all such invaluable methods and schemes a good deal weaker for future operatives and, in some cases, more or less futile. 5) The importance attached then to leaving an environment that one has been an integral part offor a good deal of time is nothing short ofthe importance that one would attach in real life to a parallel situation ifnothing more than for the professional well being ofthe officer concerned and that ofthe SDS itsel£ As for the methods used themselves, these will inevitably vary widely from one field operative to the next Attached to this report is a summary of my own plan which details briefly the reasons for departing and what I intend will be a sufficiently convincing scenario for some of the closest associates in my target group. MPS-0728170 ?0 O?idal 20180313 - M?s-0728 170 MIPS-0728170 .. . ' . ' - MPS-0728171 [120) [This two-page document (Appendix H to the manual) has been redacted in full.] 0 MPS-0728171 (121] [A 21-page document (item 13 on the Contents page) has been removed pending further consideration of its relevance and necessity.] - Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI ;, .� ..+... ....... .. - • -� MPS-0728172 ,� ---.. -·----- -·--- SPECIAL BRANCH SOURCE UNIT 23rd June 2002 BRANCH NOTE COVERT HUMAN INTELLIGENCE SOURCES CODES of PRACTICE 1. The attached Codes of Practice, which have been obtained in advance from SO10, are currently now before Parliament and barring any unforeseen last minute changes are expected to be approved in this form in the near future. 2. While broadly similar to the draft public consultation document. which has served as the Codes of Practice since RIPA became law in October 2000 (available on Forum under RIPA), there are a number of points that are worth highlighting. 3. The first is the 'tone' of the Codes, which is somewhat less police orientated in its use of language than the earlier draft. This is principally designed to make it more 'user friendly' for the various other public authorities who are authorised to conduct CHIS operations under RIPA (see Annexe 'A' to the Codes). 4. The second, and probably most important issue, is the question of criminal participation of sources. It was this issue above all others which has led to the delay in completing the Codes as the home Office attempted to reconcile the different approaches, procedures and interpretations of the various public authorities involved. The splution is to effectively leave participation out all together. Paragraph 1.4 of the new Codes states, "Neither Part II of the 2000 Act or this code of practice �s intended to affect the practices and procedures surrounding criminal participation of sources". 5. The only other mention in the new Codes is at paragraph 2.1 O which states, ". . ... an authorisation under Part II may, by virtue of sections 26(7) and 27 of the 2000 Act, render lawful conduct which would otherwise be criminal, if it is incidental to any conduct falling within section 26(8) of the 2000 Act which the source is authorised to unde1ake." 6. Essenti�lly this recognises the legal position in that criminal participation, when authorised, is just another form of 'conduct' and that it is for the authorising public authority, whether police or otherwise, to satisfy itself that the tests of necessity and proporti1nality are met when authorising an individual case. The effect of all this is that for the police service the original tests laid down in HO Circulars 97/1969 and 35/1986 (copies attached) are still the ones to be applied. MPS-0728172 Official 20180313 MPS>tl..S>UCPI MPS-0728172 7. The Codes are sUent on what liaison arrangements should be in place between different bodies in participation cases. It should also be noted that paragraph 2.10 goes on to f th d 1 th I t uthority to ide ki • th d . of the' •. B. 9. • • • [121A] • • • I.� I l ,.fl:. I I [121B] •• \, :;1 ••,. I : The Issue of who may authorise cases on the grounds of national security remains unchanged. The explanatory note which acoompanies Paragraph 4.7. retains the status quo in that only the Security Service can authorise operations or investigations which fall within the responsibHity of the Service, the exception being those carried out by a Special Branch. 10. The Codes emphasise the need for regular reviews (paragraph 4.19). A theme reinforced by the Surveillance Commissioners lnspec1orate when they visited SO12. 11. In condusion the neN Codes are, as previously mentioned, broadly similar 1o the draft with which we have all been working since October 2000 and which in tum was based on the voluntary ACPO codes produced in 1999. 'Mlile SO12's procedures and systems do oomply a further review wHI need to be carried out once the Codes have actually been approved by Par1iament. • - (122] Detective Inspector MPS-0728172 lfr I ,-.� .__ .,,,Home Office ·-...... 'f' / ....._ COVERT HUMAN lNTELµGENCE SOURCES J � • •• COOE���C!� _:. .!..· . �· �·-' .. ' • ♦ CONTENTS Chapfar1: BAad' means the Police Act � . 11 P.0wecs Ad. 2000: 2008 � meat'lS '1e Regula1ion '!lnvesl(gatory . "RIP(S)A" means the � Powers (Scotland) A� · .... 2000: .. .. ,. 1.2 This code c:I practice p•ovidefguidarite on H�bt'\Sation of the use or conduct of covert human intelliQance �rces.fa SC>iftei lt1__g�lic authorities under -· .-... . , Part H of She 2000 Act. C• JI t> 1.3 T'l8 provisions of the Act · are nof1iten�d app� •· circjmstan:es . infomistion{O the police or Olbet'a!Jttlorities, where members of the pub_it V0i � • or �contalt nu� set 1JP to receive as part cl their ncnr.af ·�c Custorils�de - · �-� 7enorist Hotllne, ilfamati� (such as· • c T !P or_ the Sewity Ser.ii � � � mbeTt. M � be�'( t1i-e pt.bfic acting in re� a� urc:es. this way would not . I � \ •�-:1A Neffher r 00J Act�fude of p,a�·ls -d 10 a11i1<:t the .:practices and P � su�ng a-infnal partidptoo of sourees. tfmt"la:COCJes . relating to the 2000 Ad. are 1.6 Th���rovid�� i . If any provisioc, of the code admissble �vidence ir'ljt:f� and civi any sucn proceed'iYa}s, or to the t::, any� or fttbur.al appea lnves f?cwers Tribc.ilrM �fi the 2000 /.d. or to one of the !! P(AME!tS oonfem!d t,y the 2000 Ad. tt CM!r C lo rs res "® � -� .... = xtent of powers ,;.·;; -..... ' 1 .;, Authorisations ca1 be given ;;� use or conouct of a source both nide and ;-·· {. 1 j outside the United Kingdom. Authorisations for actions outside the United Kingdom only vaflClate them for the purposes of proceedings in the United Kingdon. An t,'-fi. can authorisation under Part II of the 2000 Act does not take into accourt the � requirements of the country outside the United Kingdom in which the investigati oror operatiOn is taking place. 1.7 Members of fore ign law enforcement or ether agencies or sources of those agericies may be authorised under the 2000 At;t ii the UK i'I support of domestic and ntemational investigations. 3 BUILDING A SAFE. JUST NCJ TOLERANT SOCIETY -. ew· iii TTPT �-= . -.. ' - . - - !!far• - - - .. �-- .- -- erew'!'3 ! -- -- -� -�� ------ ���:::=:T���:.:���:t::�Ea4::�i;������E�i-d¥�i I• t ,: f • • , Use of matlldal In evtden"• --V - '' � ',"J.... ,. ..., ' I ,- ·' I ....,. . f·•· ... .,._ '· ; { .,,.-... . r, . .._./ ( ) "'. 4 I 10111011, the authorising offic:er 1n�s.111i,in., 1he prwacy of pecsons olher •.··� r .... I • .... '. 5 BUI.ONG A SAFE. .lST ANO TOLERANT SOQETY 6 IIUILCNJ A SAFE. JUST MIDTOLERIINT IIOCIE1'Y -- -�-------. -- -�--_-_-;- ·-- -- - -- - ·-- ·-- -----=-=====-=-:.::-:.::-,,., ........=--=.........--"- 3 Ohm Mm again: a pawn? source 2.12 nmaybe ml: (hpby dualism again: a patmtlal some: 88 panama formumnmt. at plant-mg hm. mummwem eoddbefobwed. OW See?iacodedprac?cemcms Warm Gamal?oouddmauchorhum 2.13 byoach pu?c am and mm an all: gm renewadorm tenant won must 2.14 au?uhaionfuhomormadwtda .. advisement: phe- far mm -- - msponstilty forum areaoldq? - -- lunapomn?hthe 2.15 Inmon . hymerdmnau?w . accpyoflh mm diam: tamed oraly (h an uryonl consume! urgent: Insomnia: myNanto?zesotma: gammy: Ilium-l a recoidoflhe relUIS d m,y nMl!WI oflle authorilallon; • • • r the iaasons, any. b not llllWWhg an al.Ulorllallon; lher� ror car,calli,g ai llllloltsa6on. lhe daf8 ll'ld time when a,y i'isO'ul:Uon was ;iuerl IP/ l\e authorising cffi::erto c:easeU5h1 a IOUlt:8. 2.16 The records qpt by l)lb&c 8ClltOflies lhodd be mllintanad 1n IIICh a W&'f as 10 pmerwe the cortiilnWty of the aoua an:I lh• lnbnnalion prCNided by that aaun::e. 1'hent �. et lllfllnee, bi .oew,-..4pnonltitin1tet8'evantpi.tllc dlcrit, who Viii have 191Pcnslblltf for ffllinalnlng a iecord d 1118 uae made d the - , aaun::e. =-.. 4 - a:.=.. m. .. all". jim- ?9 if 4,3- 3 gu?pumomsmous u? a 3.1 'car?dernlal lr?'oumalorr. Nev-elm. summon the privacy. Guam Won mmdma?oatobgdm. 3.2 kn at cm?demal wont-Emmi bummed. 39?an 11 lama is in a hirer mud Mina f0! each public 1M at cmdu Communications Subject to Legal Privilege 3.3 mmd?w??i MWW - P?vlbgeln Engmd and Wales. lnScollmd.me Null-lam inland. Article 12 dine Police and - inland) Order 1989 shout! bo mformd to 3. .4 Legalptivllegeddesnatqaplyb We?mamupwpoaummer . . madowimtheinlm?onol - isac?ng unwillinglyorcubably) . onif?'mea?rayom?sto believe?forexample?'mtha - natal-overuse thmforsq-ininalpupose. 'Butpi - gals . Ins! propedyadvising apalsonvrhol -- - - aatnhala?enca. The cmdlegd 2 'ngdadvicaby any individual. age . 5?2 3.5 - amiadionfor unlkely over to more fact that any related crank: action which sale-gum! - - ofasoureewl?lidlis?kelyt rosd 'nmlho' smudonlybamade In lmgardshou?bahadtolhepamcialar - ofasoume raises. The aniolhow imyillsmatlnfama?on The application should doa?y state a Ol? ofa 301mb to legal privilege win I CAR: ass-mm? whether the purpose (or one of the puiposes) of the use or conduct cl the source Js to obtain legaly privileged irtormatton 3.7 This assessment wil be taken into aCCOU'lt by the authoristng officer in cledding �her the proposed use or ccnduc:t of a source is necessary and proportionate for a purpose under sectbn 29 a the 2000 Act The aU1horismg officer may ntqt.ire regular rep01ting so as � be able to decide whether the authoriSation should continue. In those cases ...tiere legaRy privleged information has been acqured and retained, lhe matter should be reported to the relevant Commissioner or Inspector during his next nspectton and the material should be made avai lable to him if requested. 3.8 A substantial proportion of the comnwrvcatons between� lawyer and his client(s) may be subject to legal prMlege. Therebre. any case� 4,.la1N¥er is the slilject d an investigalia'l or operation should be no� .� 1're relevant Commissioner or Inspector during lis next inspection and an; mat&nal which has been retained should be made allilllable to hin if requested. •_. , 3.9 Where thent is any doubt as 10 the handling IS lna:lonof Informatio n ; from a legal adviser which may be subject to legal prlvtlege, adVi:e should e soug � . • ation ot the material within the relevant public authority before any takes place. smaar advice should also be soug� re is doubt over whether � information is not subject to legal prtvllege du,-'lo itie D furtherance of a criminal purpose• exception. The retention of �'i privileged inbrmation, or it s nied by a dear wa ml ng that lt dissemination to an outside body, should a is subject to legal prMe ge. It should b by taking reasonable steps to available. or Its contents becoming ensure there is no poSliblity of lt b � known It> IWIY person whoee posse ght � d'ice any criminal or civil proceedlngs related 1b lhe inform � n. y diss8'}j� of legally prlvDeged malellal to an outside body shou�e ed t�Jhe ��nt Commissioner or inspect>r during lis next inspe<;lion. -• ,,.. ( _:-,...,. ·' bV . , ,,,. (. -lnfonnatidft ;111i:I Confidential Communications Involving Confldan1fa1 Pe��nal .. t Joumallatic Matarlal " \ � t ... . 1'- 3.10 Similar con · ,aliJ;ns that involve · .muJI also ��n o cortidential persai ltlfterlal. In those and �emlal J� , cases where co �per,sonal and flderib . joumatistlc material has been acquir retaned..rt,& ffll shoul 'tl&..rejt,r1ed to the relevant Commissioner « r dumg 1inspection a1llnie materlal be made available to hml �fed. Confidentiii:personal infprmation is info1mation held In confidence reldns;. to the -.it!� or t#alth or spiritual c:ounsell;,g concerning an �d'ual (wheMr � or � d) can be identfied from it Such � n communications Is held in informa!Cii),. .Ji.'idi 'can � both 01111 confidence Ifq is hel. d (tbj�o � plied undertaking lo hold it ln oonfi� ll is s�. !,i' a on disclosure Of' an obllg�ion of confi:l��ty a:inJ11ined in exi�lation. Examples might include ��ns be�.i hQ,alth pr and a patient, or wifomla!lon from a pa�edical reoords: . •.. ..._"). •�_, ., .... •· .., :- aliun jllfo� .... ... ..._ SUILOING A SAFE. JUST' flJ«) TOLERANT SOCIETY 10 41:1 3.11 Spfrflual counselng means a,nwnalions � an lndvidual and a Minisll!lr or Religion acting frl his official capacity, where lhe Individual being counselled � Seelc)ig er the Mlrister iS mparting fo�ess. absclrtbn or lhe resolution of c:onsciencewllh the aUlhorty l1f the Olvlne Belig(s) of their faith. 3.12 CorilderCial jcunai&tic material ind.Jdes mala'ial atject t> suchan llldertaking. Yulnenible lndMduala ,.u .......... ,........, •• _, •., ... �-�., care services bv n:aam of mental or other disabity. age or .tltto Is or may be unable to take care of himSelf. or111able to ptolaet g;gnificant IU111orised to harm or exi:tiation. AA'/ lndNldual cl 1h11 delcf�lial lllocM tie attaehed act as a swt)8 in lhe malt e,cceptional ciraimstanc:os In · pe,n¥tted to table in Ameic A bts the authorfsing officer ror eac;ti autholtse the use of a vlJnarable individual au • � ) Juwenll• 90IJl1:ea , � ., or ;u.,e,ile soc.a,s: that s.1.c Special �s al'P'f 10 lhe la SOUIQIS ll'lder lhe age of18 � On no 1111 r.hol.dd die use or conduct ol a 1ource l.llldw 18 )'Nra otasi- b••Ul!'Ode��liliv. infonnriOft against hia llty for�- In other cases, parents Dr any per10nwho ha pa19 authonsalions sholAd not be i;,anled ......_.._- special proilisions conlllined within The Regl.lalion c:I SI No. 2793 are by those lsted in the uld b aati&ffed. AIAholtsations for jwenlle 1ttad'lec:I cable et Anneic A. The �.i!!' . at10n is one month , � • Instead oftwaMtmonlhs. aa.o 1nvast19atory Pc�=�=:>= '· " .( ' (.,,,.. ;•.. ... .. ., ' . _tJ_ \ • •I"., \ \.. • ...._l .. 'r-.. . '· ·, t., .' _,, ...,, ,,--... ""s.,t •, ·-.. "·· � � .( ,I ) "· . ,\, ...... ·. 11 4 AUTHORISATION PROCEDURES lNTELUGENCE SOURCES 4.1 FOR COVERT HUMAN Under section 26(8) of the 2000 Ad a person is a source If. a) I>) he establishes or mainlalf'ls a personal or olher relationship with a person for the covert i:-.,rpose cl facilitating the dolng of anythi'lg faffing Mthin paragraph (I>) or (c); he covertly uses such a relati onship to obtain information or to provide access to ary infonnatlon to another person; a c) he COYer1ly discloses infcrmation obtained by tt&"\lse ot such a relationship or as a consequence of fie exlslen�� cl such a i: · ,.., . • relationship ._ I . 4.Z A source may Include those referred to as agents, ,nto " riii''an� worki ng underccwer -•• 1 and officers a; 4.3 By virtue of section 28(9)(b) of the 2000 /la a �,pose covert, i1 ralalon to the establishment or maintenance cl a personal or othe. felalionship, if and only if. the ,eJationstip is conducted in a manner that is calcii� ID ensure that one of the paries to the relationship is unawa,eof the pu�,= ,U By virtue of section 26(9)(c) of the � �.q relalons� is used coveJ1/y. and inf'onnatlon ci>talned as mentio�1n ,.&agraph 4.1(c) abOYe is cfisdosed covert!'/, If ard only if II is used or, as the �ay De, disclosed in a manner that ,s calculated to ensure that one of1he �� ff'le rara� Is unawa111 of the u se . or disclosure Jn question l i.... ) .: • '· -( ) ·i 1!., .,..: The use ota source l�s ;rd.:rt'frfl, � �a�isting,-1J8rson ID engage Ill the conduct cl a source or to obtail infot� by l!'el!l'S of Ule · CQlld,d of such a source \ 4.S krce cc� 4.8 The condu:t of a Is 8i'ly falli,;g withirt-tedion 29(4) cl the 2000 A� or whichls lncid�,a1 to'�fallinj wltiln secti�}}�:ll>�.'dle 2000 Ad. Auti'lorisatlon " ,, . �.L pr?'1�. - • i....,�. ,, ; aulhorisation fbi:the use or oonct.Jd et a 4.7 Under sdo/1. �) of the 2oot� soun;a may ba �e'1 by the authoi!!lng officer -where he belleYes 11-et the •L • alllflorlsallcOJ!l ,necas;sary: .< t'• • ii,, • � � !he� of�� � of national secvr11't and ii l)El'li:ular ' On•pf Ille � ot Ille � IMlllint.lndl-extend througll(ll.ll lhe Unlltd Ki�mm. Ille proCW:6tq oflheUK; intheln1nstadpi4llcsafel'I: • forthe puposedplOlillding pdc �4; -� 13 4.11 A case is not normaly to be regarded as urgent unless the time that would elapse before the aulhorisng oflic:er was avalable kl grant the aiihorlsallon would, In the judgement of the person gilling the authorisation, be licely to endariger life or jeopardise the operation ex irwestigatlon br which the authorisation y,es being given An authorisation is not to be regarded as urgerit whel9 the need for an authonsat10n has been neglected or the u-gency is a the authorising office(s own making 4.12 Authorising officers shoud not be responsbfe for authorising their own activities. e.g. those in which they, themselves, are to act as the source ex in tasking the source. However, I is recognised that lhls is not alwa)'I possible, espeClaly 1n the cues of small organisations. Where an authorising offk:er authooses ta own actMty the authorisation record (see paragraphs 2.13 - 2.15) s�d higl\Jght this and the attention of a Commissioner or Inspector should be irwltlia CiQ it· dunng his next inspection. �� ,. 4.13 The authorising offlcars within the police, NCIS an,q Ne$ may only grant fort.� � or Squad. authorisations on application by a member of lhelr AuthorislrQ officers In HMCE may only grant auth�ont Jn appllcalion by a , custuns officer6. ,,/ :: �� &n Information to be provtded In applications , .... , �, 4.14 An applicatlon tir authorisation for the�-conduct of a source shoOld be In w ll!lng ald record: /' , tlie reasons 'MIY the atAt-rof91t..l,n 19 necessary in the particular case and on the grounds (�. ;..�RUf reventiog or detecting mne) &steel ii aectio'f9(3) orre 2000� l ."- ��-._...� the reascns M1Y �e autnc1tfllllion s�prr6onate to what It seeks to achieve; , .-, } -,,. ..,. \_r the pi.Ip� v)itti the be lasked or �yed (e.g. In of racially nm.lion to !I\ organAed H�S C� esp�, • mollllat,-t � ,re): / •. -� ., Where� or opera� Is Rature of that n�tlgaff&.,ofoper� ,-, - I\ source lc.11 • • ' , , � . ... inv�&\ ,.tolved, ) _. tiieJere dwt-� the S0:0.wm be� to do: /'\ l6e level Qt airthofl'tf requ �ecommended, wiere that is ', �en(). • ,... ./ . details .of ilif¥po lhe ateral inlru11on and Why the intrusion Is � _ Justiill!k1; . • �-,., "'· �-��..,�_ ...,�--1n -. . '� '- • , ar r-,.. (; '_/')� di. a;7,1 tthllz�\�"' �, BUlOING A SAFE.JUST ANO TOLERANT SOCIETY 14 �. • the details cl any c:cnfidenlial information that 1s likely to be obtained as a consequence-cl the authaisation; and • a subsequent record of whether authc:rity was given or re1u$ed, by whom and the tine and data 4.15 Additionally, in urgent cases, the authorisation should record (as the case may be). the AIEISons wtiy the alltl'lorising officer or 1he officer enWed to act ,n urgent cases considered the case so uigent that an oral instead of a written authorisation was �n: and/a '• ,. the reasons 'tkly ii was net �son�y prac:ticab'\���atloo to be c:oosldered by the authorising officer • \' · 4.18 Where the aiitlorisation is olal, the detail re�� !d>ove should be recorded an writi� by the appllcant as soon as reasoni!Jify pr�icable • • ·-- . Duration of authorisations \ .., 4.17 A written aulhorisalion wil, unless ren�. Cea� haw eff&ct at lhe end of a period rJ twelw monh beginning with which it took effect. U, ay ..... 0 4.18 Urgent oral auflorisa1ions or authJ.atj,l'ins granted or renewed by a person who is entitled to act only in urgent ea�� unless renewed, cease lo have effect after saventy-two ho11111, beginn�•lime �tile authorisation was granted or renewed. \ •_ -. . Revlewa '- • ,,J a� \....,· (""'\ ", , ,.. \o 4 4.19 Regular rewtws of aµ �en the need lslllions sh � d include the _., made of the nin � rev-.ew source duting the per· talks n the rce and the nfonnation obtain II •· � ofa • be recorded on tion ii drawn the authorisation =· 16) � to the need to AN tly whe e a IIOUfOEI provides · nateral · . access to confide l . tlon tor the use of a source to t 4.20 In each· � a s n lng r lllfthln ,ach public alAhorfty should Should be as frequently as is ne � l9lllew de11erm =Uld take pi-. Thli s � cooaid aro p . / ·""' . L Renewals · ce .• / . ·�-.. ( ''\ \..�' ) ✓-�- 'l. • ... • 4.l'1 •�� 00 ........; '"'"""''""· he "''"' 0, ..,.... ttiilt�� has b�� out � of a source as outlned in paragraph 4.1a, ... �-t_-.-..-.:.,. '- BlJLOING A SAFE. JUST �O TOI.ERANT SOCIETY 15 '-Z! If at 1/'f lime befonl an � would oease 10 haw llffact. the authcfbing ofti:er conllders I necessary for the a�n to contibue for the pu!p099 fer whictl i was given, he llllY renew it In wrillng for a runtier perbd of lwlllwemonths. Renwalamayalsobegta'IIBd oraly Jnwgertcasesand last for a period d -•nty•two hount. .UJ A renwal takes err.a at the time at whlcti, or day on wt'kh lle auttlorlsalon would hlll/9 tllllsed lo haw effect ix. ra the renewal An application for ranawal shculd not be made unlit shonly bafore the 8UCh0rilalion pedod ls to an end. Ant per90n who would ba ertlled 10 s,ant a new aulhcrisallon c:an renew an auttlcdsatlon. Aulhorllalons may bi � more ttian once, If nece.ary, proulcled !hey ocn11,-,e 10 meet the c:Jite1fa foraUlhorisatlon. The renewal should be kepUraoonfed as l)8ft rt lhe aulti«isallclt record (sae 1)818graphs �13 • 2.1�. dra.mg 4..24 All applcallons for lle 18riewal den aUlhcrtsallon sho�IIIGQfd: wh8lha this is lle ht renewal aultlorlsallon has been l1!llleMld a • qcca4ipn on wtich lhe pnwlouslf... � • fNflf'I .,,, slgni.'le.n ctiar.:,•tolhe'1 �� 4.14; the reasons wt¥ It ts ra:mstWY uselhe a,a; � lince the s,ant or. as the case the UM made of the s:iuite In maybe, Jatestrenewal cfthe the tasks given to e obtained from Iha � · lheresrJ!scf regular,-.,S 'F"'(!'&soe,ce; � Cancelllloo• . ' the� · , "-' ',r .._._ ,,_, ._ l� lhe 4.25 The IIAt1orill,g ad or no 11 he is satiafled that � · or ljllnduct � for authormtion or lt;,I\ _ ,o, ••� exist Where the ¥fl01JllnJfj:llT� � and lhe lrfcrmatroll ; -.. (Cancallallon of e R••��� '!, llfri181 as authorising _, : nec:eat81), hi safely and Welfal'e ; SI No: Autlol1satl0 � --of the aoucce :� contlnUI..'> be taken rr,10 acoow1t after the alfhorisatlon has r---- been� MANA�OFS� ·�. -·" c·Q, . <..t.; T�I '. .... ""' • .:.��.,,.,.by ... -· ....... �(S)(a) and m 10 ol:ilaln ffll1111alion, b provide hi rtally, for the beneR d the Mevart � 10 lnforn,alu,Clbof 16 "-. •.._, ci4Y�- pubic� �an flY u.e i.- or condud da ll0dC8 18 � Prior to lalfdrv Wl8l9 such tuld� requ• the 90Un» to establish a mailtain a f«Sonal orOlher ,elalloolhlp fol a �purpose. an, en The pen1Dn ..r.rec, to rn 11oCD0t1 29(5)(a) cl lhe 2000 Al1. w11 hava day to day responsilityb': oe (-:9 '-. ... 4.34 The pen10n n,spanstie t>r lhe day-11>-day 00rltaCI betMen lhe pwlc autho!lty and lhe 1011te ,_., usually be d a rank or podton below lhat of lhe a ulhorilqJ offlc:er. ,, . _ tt. 80COldm:e llllltl �.S(<\l ctlllll 20JClh1.�c11!111t. ltlel9 isao � -,n a�q Che .ben::eptian. In SUdl cateS. Che l'I� Is treated as dn!!Cedsll'Vell .lance(aee-c�4oftheCowlt &IYeltance cme<>fp,aclce). U.. of covst humn lnl:llllglnce IIOUrC8"11111b lec:hnlcal equlplnent '-'1 A aeun:e. whelheror nci � « canyhg a UWillance device and hvllltd Intl rMdllflfial prenwa. or a pt.af8 � d0eS l10t ,eqUlle additional au1horiSlldon to 19001d 8IJY adlvlly raki1Q place inlide 111018 premilas or vehicla which take c,Jace n his QleSm0e. lbia � SQOliea � 1h11 recodlQ t:t � ml'MltUUonl 0Cher1ha'I by � Mlict1 tales pllDI In lhe scuce·s presence. Aultlorisalion ro,t,e use or condUCtoflhll1t11.WCe mtlf be mtalned In lhe usual ww,. USl!ld.orlher "'2 �. If a surveillrl08 device ls lo be lhe IKMl:e. an ritlUalve .,N9ilalce aUllailllicn and If ror �neewllh propettyshoulS be otalnad. .... ·�· I '" .· i ·� , ..-; . ( ' . of 10n 4'- .. '. \ ;, "\ , •I ' •' "-, ' ,....._ I '•. 18 5 OVERSIGHT 8Y COMIIISSIONERS 5.1 The 2000 ,a requires fie aliaf SJM!ltanca CommlsslOner to keep under r9View (lrih die aalllance of the SuMllln:e Commi111ione11 -, Assistant SIINelance COlfflllssbnm) Che pmfollnance of�ncllons under Partllloflh& 1997 Act and Part Id lhe 2000 Pa 17j1he pcJlile (inc:bt� tie Royal Nny RBgllfdlg &and!. 118 Royal Malay Paioa and Ille � Air Foa Pl:fce and the Mlnislry ii Defence Pollce atd the 81111h Tnnpart Polee). NCIS. NCS, HMCE and of the 2000 /Id the 00,tet pidJlc aitioclies lltec:I In Sc::helMe 1 and in Nortlem (,eland ol'llciall oflhe Mhisllyof Oefence and HM Fo,ces ll.2 The Intelligence 6eNfce.l Conmillio•l'W rernl ia to p,vvide lndepelldert OYffiGht of the u1e of Ille PQWffl contained Wltiln Part I olthe-2000 Ace II'/ the Seo.irity SeNloe. Seau lraligence Semce (SIS). lie •�ants Conminca&>n Headqualfenl (GCHQ) e,d lhe llnillry d� n'tt.t Fon::e1 (exdldlng !he� N� RegldldhgBtandl, lhe RD,&1Maay'1ob and lhe Rt,jal Air Fon::e Polca, atd In Nolllem Ireland officials of the llnl•ry d Defn:e HM Foll:es) 1.3 This COde do.s not cower lhe eicerc:i1e orany of tlle Commistloners' A.inelons. It II lhe dliy d any par,on MID� 1hele powers t, a,mpff with atY l8Ql.t ffllCle by a tanntssloner b cbcble 1¥' Pt'(Nlde att'f lriOllllillloo bi reqLiltlS for lhe pu,poseofenai.,ghln 1o.c:arryc:11t hill AlndlOOS. li.4 Re,e,ences In ttu axte ., tie pedonnance d rawlew funcllons bv the CINf SIIVellatee Comnlssl0net and OOier. �a..rs apply afSo to lnspecto,s and other members d stafftowhffll lUdl "-llpll!I tmve be811dele9aled. 20 ,-. BUIUllHG A SAFE. JUST ANO"IOISWIT 90CIETV 8 COMPLAltnS 8.1 1he 2000 .Act estllbfllll8S _, _lndllpenf9"1 Tli>WlllL This TIIMnll WII be IIUldl le, of saniof rnerti1M t:I the � and lle ,_ p,dassion and Is �� \M � The Ttllooal IA� v4 decide.., case wltin l&jwbdclion. •U.� 8.2 This cede doeS not CCMJ' lhe 11111tdse d 1h11 T� functions. Oetails of fie releVarC cc:mpcaints Pfl)Cldun, can beotoined km the fdlowqJ �: lmesliSIJ(OIY Pl:Mrs Trlblnal P0Bax33220 London SW1H9ZQ "'.. .,..... .. . I ' \ , .. I " ...... ·. .. ... , .• . I .. J 21 BULOtfa A 9N'E. JUST ANDTOt.aWrr SOCET\' Annex A 61•1hadMUao ktYel• wbm, toowlecv,o{c;;onftdootial infilnnatiqi la UkaJKmll§t acgulrpd wMdJlo•vulomab!oladiYldual 0c fux,oU, J•-IPbaa@dYa aoun;a 9!!llrnflltllt P'l!IIPDIOSIN>Ps 6&Chml¥ Pcilce Force, • A/fy police bee mlMllaned OllefConslat>lll ln:1et Adlcn 2 of 1111 Police Ad 1a98 (polce la- h England 8111 walesou-Landcn). Assistant Chief Constable Polee Fore.. • ,v,y pctca lort:a ma11lair"ecl Ctia1Cor1'1able Un08r er �'rtUI ol 18Cton 1 d 11W Pdk:e 111157. (Saletand) �Cl'ietCcni=ablll TI>• Metropoltan pollce bee �Corm1uioner I. C:immarar ) COffllllarder TI>• City of\.ondoll pdlce fo,ca C:ou11liSlioo• The PollcaS.,,lc:e of� lnlla,d Deputy Cllief Ccmla::11 Aaslslalll Cllief Constal:)le TIMI Royal NHY �Ulallng Braieh PIOIOS!Mnhal Pl'O>'Olt� I RCl)'al lllaary Pcflc:e Prc,,,os&MS1tra) PIIWt>SIMalwhal I �Mat■hal Pro,ostMnhll Ro,al Ak Force l'ollu Nellonal (NOS, COLS>UCPI [123] (This seems to have been detached from the other I sent you (CHIS Code, ___ Manual). It was --- your retention (use --­ template for SOS?)] - ' MPS-0728173 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728173 - [... MINUTE NUMBER...] Det. Supt. [...AUTHORISING OFFICER. ..] I am satisfied the proposed operation detailed in the application indexed at • [...e.g. 2A. ..J meets the criteria set out in the 'Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000' and 'Use of Covert Human Intelligence Sources, Codes of Practice' for the authorisation for the use and conduct of a 'source' participating in crime . The operation falls within the criteria set out in the Codes of Practice at paragraph 4.7 in that it is necessary in respect ot * Prevention or detection of National Security * Prevention or detection of Crime or Disorder * Economic well-being of the country * Protection of Public Health * * * * Interest of Public Health Interest of Public Safety Assessing/collecting taxes For other purposes prescribed in an order made by the Secretary of State The desired result of the authorisation cannot reasonably be achieved by less intrusive means. The risk of collateral intrusion has been properly considered. I am satisfied the authorised use and conduct of the source is on specific grounds, it is appropriate, proportionate and necessary to what it seeks to achieve and that satisfactory arrangements exist for the management of the source. Authority is given for [ ...CODE NAME...] to be deployed as a 'Covert Human Intelligence Source' to the extent described in the application at [...e.g. 2A and 5A ... ]. - MPS-0728173 • Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI MPS-0728173 [124] [and doubles as authorising officer with SOS applications], As this operation progresses the Authorising Officer, Controller and Handlers are to ensure there is a constant review of the risk assessment and welfare issues to ensure the safety and welfare of the source. I note the comments indexed at (...e.g. 38 ...] concerning an investigation being conducted into [...CODE NAME ...] by (...AGENCY/ UNIT...]. Once the outcome of this investigation has been determined, this authority must be reviewed In light )< of that decision. \ I I note in the application indexed at [... MINUTE...], (...CODE NAME...) has been involved in conduct which, if the actions or undertakings had been foreseen, would have needed authorisation. However. the circumstances dealt with, clear1y show this conduct was unavoidable In order for • [... CODE NAME...] to maintain their cover * in the Interest of justice " to lawfully pursue the «· investigation • a justifiable reason. My authority is granted for the above previous activity. [...CONTROLLER. ..] is to ensure that a report reviewing the operation and Justifying the continued use and conduct of the source and including an updated • risk assessment is submitted through [...AUTHORISING OFFICER. ..) to myself by [... DATE...]. My authority expires on [...DATE ...]. covers the tasking of This Participating Informant Authority [...CODE NAME ...] to become involved in [...AS DETAILED IN APPLICATION ...]. If further conduct by the source outside of this activity is sought or there is a significant change to the risk assessment or there is a significant development requiring additional authority, a further report is to be submitted immediately. • MPS-0728173 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728173 Where there is no longer a requirement for the authorisations to continue, a report must be submitted immediately. Special Branch [... DATE ... ] Roger Pearce Commander Head of Special Branch MPS-0728173 Offlclal 20180313 MPS>DI..S>UCPI METROPOLITAN POLIO: MEMORANDUM To: Supt.9 Squad Dafl9: MPS-0728174 lliJl Fran: Cl S012 Source Tel ND: 21.11.2002 The main sedlan Is lhe IIDcl of IWI SineilalceCommlssl0n er's speec;n to this yeaf• nallaial QQ!foronoe <11 cover pollclng. Please n,un when llrilhect. .e [130] [131] [Thank you. We need to discuss how our practices and our aspirations e.g. RIPA secretariat match the OSC expectations of good practice.] [132] [133) [Please see in particular "X" on page 1 of attachment. It would seem that recommendations are not up for debate! Please return papers to me. They have been separately copied across "S" Squad.] MPS-0728174 MPS-072817 4 Official 20180313 MPS>OLS>UCPI COVHRT �G FROM 2000TO 2003 Myuu is 10 tdl }'OD badly baa, die O&iceofthe SanalbD� Cnmarissio-u ("OSCj Yicwt die pms-s o£ cowatacxmcies &am dludll!lllt ofllIPA amil 2003.. l.ib:JOG, we li:eep a bw profile 111d ne bon co b. But iD � closed seasica I an say that.of die S� C,onm,issiooea. &,e wae � Co,re jadgcs: dime &om P.Dgb.ad & Wiler. one &om Scadalld md ooe &mi Noahao Immd. One of die otba: m> is slit u a judge in Sa:>dmd. Theu ue ll9o mree.Assiscam:Sl&W.ib.DceCommissicam, wbo -CimiitJlldges. To prercwe car�ace, eacbof111is �blean)y by addtcts iD botb Homes of •ittioa - Pul:ammt.Wem:bacbdbytbe�coOSCllldatiliptsuppo&t�wboacealwa11 ttadJ ID bdp 1.ou � diq aa. ltIPA addlld � Su.rtc1bace Im� Tbe Oief Im rwas j [1351 [136) [RIPA does not dictate staffirg arrangements llPA -tavolbJla: odlcrdilo pmpa,r il111:f.a,:Dce was 1111cletum b71111m11a, ether gi!ted otllOt. Althoup Nrvalwu:e wzs ttgub.md f'mm IQ poil'lt of ii act 'ftlid:aud mrmalty. The fiislaica oflllPA is o£ come to try ro ea,are tlm agbts Art. 8 of EOIR ue llO( u:mspsecl :But its pw:pose is also to pr««t lboee 111bo suneillmce so l011g as rheit apphc:alloils ue pmpedy aumocised uid die CDlldilio1111 of thea1Jlbocis:a.tiom compkd wid>. Now dw there is era:ma1 there ii a cerala amouat o£ fam.611mg ID b� dODt. I eipea dGf. like the Rome�.,- al it IJll-•cncy. It cbs not w wllat :,ou aD it. Its � u m>lbtd: ID pcoride an mdmlial basil when you Wlllttof/fJriD Coult on the pcodua of� and to afbd paxtai0G ro opcmiYes byWldemg(alml wbatwould othswisebe 10nio111. TheOSCit 110t mna:med ,arm pbone-tappio& pmbably bcauie ics procb:r cam:10t be used iD mdmce. 1mad, RIPA � my di.lies ID lil::c;piag lllldcr IZ9W all public authorii:iet iD their CODdua of � acmlia, illwdiag die � aamed OilS. I mrClld to NI a competi1ianforab«u:r adeth2nODS, 1rima mocepmadiyaC%0QJDL MmnaihileJ ol!erJOD � �oand 1D Entezpiiiag Simaliom. I tbiak I hear a fc:w PC111111:S droppiag. I l I I I �x' i - m tbePblceComplli111SC.ommisu Tbe crha: lour lsatpecU>a -senior e officers. Tbty are poachers cwmed gamebq,ezs, wbo blOIV theta:l:s of lhe tz:ade. iatcnw w:w, ? 0 •arico. As put ofmydmy 10 bq, all C0"1ertaaMlitt 1111da: �. illspections are cmm out. .After e,c:h the laspe:sor smds me a ti:po!L I sead a IXlp7 ID tbe Cud Ollioa CX111cemed. Som, aDbuttwo bave�it iothespainwbicb at wu pm� Those two becameddaisife. Thq apbiDed why lhq thoagbt their fua:e bad been misUDderSUX>d by die Jospeaoc. aod they mined thar, CDUtmytoappe:a rmces,lbeu I eaior offia:n 1'Ete Q)lllmffled IO die e&cliYe implemanaiioco£1UPA. l\cyrbeo 90llgllno rSIICle oae ot l'll'D of the r� beforeusur.illgme lhltsD die ocbas WQIJdSOCIII beartmded to. Thosetwo OiefCoambles mitappcebaded tbeparpose of�. Therq,oir is ia1e1ded to be bdpful. It need be leoll bJ no aoe else 111c Oiid'Officm m,d� UslllllJ die)' dwili: me b ir111d assen Iha thq wil a implement i u 011or. In most caHS lbat ii what it bappem. But ill a thq sir 011 ditir hands, and a ,at later the -e lospca« bll 110 repeat the -e recommeDCblica\ with orbm added. l.n caes of c:x:r:upQIOIII failute ID do what is required I slaD not besicate ir:a limzre to usemysacutoqpclftr eo mate as� report 11:, die PsimeMia.iner. MPS-0728174 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728174 The basic requirements that the Inspectors look fot relate to policy, procedure and training. Forces must have policies for coven surveillance and C!IlS activities, which include formal reviews and a centtalised system fur the management, supervision and retention of records. They must have demiled procedures for the processing of all covert surveillance operations which ensure proper compli:mce Wll:h the Ieg,slation. Also necessa:a:y is the estabhshment of dedicated, structured training, including refresher training. The model forms put out by the Narional Crime Squad have lately been revised. I was shown copies, while they were still in draft. I was, I suppose, not surprised by the predilection for checking box�. It represents an unthinking approach to forms. Any fool can check a box or recite formulae that have no real significance. But that approach disreguds the essential. purpose of the fonns which is to provide contempo,:aneous evidence that the applicants, and more importantly the authorising officers, have applied their mmds to the releVllnt considerations in relation to each application. The predilection for checlcing boxes has, however, been curbed; the forms are useful now; and the Director General is snll smiling. I - The commonest faults in 2Pplications are £iilure sufficiently to descnbe the offence under investigation, and not answering all the questions in the form. In authorisations the commonest faulis are failure to strike out whichever of two alternatives is inapplicable, failure to provide all the information required by statutory inst:rUment, and entering incotrett terminal dates. The commonest kind offault in cancellations is the failure to specify technical equipment deployed, product obtained and the demils required by statutory instrument. Commonest in renewals is the failure to particularise product obwned, changes since authorisation, and reasons why it is necessary for survcillance to continue. The Codes of Practice are a hobby horse of mine. You have them now. Or at least you should have. They resolve some problems. Others remain unanswered. Now thatwe can see where we are, I have issued some guidance about practice and procedure, including interpret:ational guidelines, which summarise the Commissioners' approach to 30 or 40 points ofhw. One of them concerns crime hotspots. It is a controversial topic. The key to it is provided by section 26(2) oflUPA,which refers to d1e obtaining of infonnation about a personwhether o r not one specifically identified for the purposes of the investigation. It is not restricted to an mt1nti1J11 to gain private information because the subsection refers to cov� surveillance carried out "in such manner as JS like!; to result in the obtaining of private mfomuu:ion." Surveillance of persons while they are acrually engaged in crime in a public place is not likely to result in the obtaining of mformation about them which is properly to be regarded as 'private'. But surveillance of persons who are not., or who tum out not to be, engaged in crime is more likely to resnlt in the obtaining of private information. What is cailed for, l fear, ;. the exercise of judgement. It is not a problem that can be solved by attaching a label, such as 'crime hotspot'. An authorisation for directed surveillance is required whenever there is a real possibility that the manner in which it is proposed to carry out particular survei1lance will result in the obtaining of private information about a person, wheth� or not that person is or becomes a subject of the operation. 2 MPS-0728174 Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728174 I have three comments about that First, one purpose of RIPA is to safeguard pri\-acy. The obtaining of information not in tlie public domain IS an invasion of privacy. The recent case oI � in the Scottish Appeal Court should not encourage unauthorised surveillance, because in that case no infommtion was dire:tly gleaned from the appellant. Secondly, the subsection is concemed not merely with whether private infomiation w:ill be obtained but with whether the manner in which the surveillance is carried out makes it likely that privarc information will be obtained about any person. In other words, the focus is upon the closeness and particularity of the surveillance to which individuals will be exposed. Thirdly, you as well as the Surveillance Commissioners should incline in favow: of a need for authorisation, since if we did other.wise, and an operation was im-2lidated through lack of it, we would all be at fault for having adopted a regime in which authorisation was disregarded. • - "If in doubt, apply'' is a sound gen=!. rule But it should neve� be applied unthinkingly. Section 80 of RIPA is careful to say chat "Nothing in any of the provisions of this Act by virtue of which conduce of any descnption is or may be authOCISed by any =nt, authorisation or notice, Qr by virtue ofwhich information may be obtained m any manner, shall be construed .... as making it uclawful to engage m any conduct of that description which is not otherwise unlawful under this Act and would not be unlawful apart from this .A.et." Sometimes it is also worth bearing in mind what principle of the ECHR the Act is seeking to uphold. Covert surveillance for the purpose of investigating allegations of sex with girls under the age of 15 is an example of that. The offence, which carries a maximum sentence of life imprisonment, must almost always be of the seriousness required by statute. The consent of the girl is immaterial. I do not consider that the right of the child to privacy can play a significant part in the decision whether for her own protection to mount covert surveillance in order to prevent or detect an offence, though no doubt considerable sensitivity is called for, and would be observed, m the handhng of evidence so obrained. Because the criminal legislation is for the protection of the girl, it would be a strange result if the investigation of such an offence were to be mhibited or defeated by her consent to the commission of it or by an ovcmding concern for her privacy. In most cases a further safeguaro is provided for the Human Rights of the child by the need for the prior approval of a Surveillance Commissioner. But it is difficult to imagine circumstances in which a child could be left in peril while surveillance took place. A more realistic situation arises when a prisoner holds a hostage in his cell. The conduct of cove::c surveillance in those circumstances without authorisation is not an mtetference under Art 8 with the private hves ofeitl1er victim or hostage taker, and such action is in any event necessary in a democratic society for the prevention of cnme. Because directed surveillance is less mnsive than other furms of surveillance, it tends to raise more problems. One casedec:idedduring the year deserves mention. The Queen v Sutherland and others was a criminal trial, which Keir Starmer will be analysmg for you later. Mr Justice Newman found that after defendants had been arresrcd in order to be questioned, police officers delibctately listened to privileged conversations between the defendants and their solicitors, but obtained no useful information. He nevertheless stayed the proceedings on the ground that the sw:veillancc was unauthorised, holding that it was not necessary for the defendanrs to show either that the trial had been rendered unfair or that some use would be 3 MPS-0728174 - Official 20180313 MPS-0728174 MPS>DLS>UCPI made of the relevant matecial The surveillance was unauthorised because the only authorisation was for directed SUIVeillance of the defendants' conversations by means of listening devices in the commun:tl cell areas ofa police station, whereas it was cai:ried out in the exercise yard in relation to conversatons with their solicitors. It is a cautionai:y tile for all who are tempted to carry out surveillance in excess of what has been authorised. Unauthorised surveill2nce of that kind is often difficult to detect, and therefore represents a trlle test of the efficacy of intcmal monitoring systems. Every police force cm usefully ask itself whether its own system would have detected the misconduct, 2nd if not, what can be done to ensure that it would The judge also remarked that those who catty out covert surveillance should be shown a copy-of the authorisation; and that is indeed good pi:actice. The year ahead will offer lWO partiCJJlar challenges. rll'.st, you are likely to have added to your store of accountable practices the need to conduct encryption in accordance with Part of RIPA. I sh2ll have to keep those practices under m>iew, including directions notified to me by law enforcement agencies that disclosure requirements can only be complied with by disclosure of the acroal keys to the protected information, and the arrangements in relation to tipping off and for the protection of keys. I am not yet an es:pert on Part Ill myself, but, one way or another, I am sure you are all about to improve my education. m I Secondly, with regard to directed surveillance I look fotward to a year in which authorising officers des=be precisely what they are authorising, when collateral intrusion is adequately addressed, when home-made concepts like 'non-directed surveillance' are a thing of the past, and when authorisations are seen by those who carry them out. As for CHIS, let us see no more CIIlS passed off as 'confidenrial contacts', no more part-ti m e controllers, no more superficial risk assessments, 211d no more retention of true identities in working files. Dw:ing the year my Office will update from time to time the examples ofbad and good practice which we disseminate to all law enfotcementagencies, so that you all may continue to learn from each other. Bad practices that we find include inadequate or non-existent policy documents, failure to review or cancel authorisations, inadequate applications and authorisations, authorisations that extend beyond their statutory limit, pooraccountalnlity for techniatl equipment, inadequate training. poor knowledge of the legislation, and no central record of authorisaoons. Good practices are mostly the other side of the penny from the bad. They include excellent, detailed force guidance, first-rate central authorities bureaux which provide both oversight and quality control, exemplary reviews of force practice, frequent internal checking and dip-sampling, adopton of the ACPO best practice model for the management of CRIS, detailed risk assessments, 2nd well-directed and imaginative ti:aining. In my Annual Reports I intend to name forces that a.re notable for their good practices. Perhaps I should also shame those notable for their bad practices. Either way, I look forward to keeping yont practices under review. It simplifies my task that most of those responsible for cOvert activities are keen to get them right. For that, and for listening to me without audible dissent, my heartfelt gratitude is both necessai:y and proportionate. 4 - MPS-0728174 - Official 20180313 MPS>DLS>UCPI MPS-0728174 THE RICHT$ PROTl;CTED 9 ,11rhondes ate. I 1 .,, • . • eve.-y •furma!icy', 'condition', 'resrrlctlon' or 'penalcy' imi>c>ed ill tl,i, •pbere m.,,, be pro;,ortiorultc to rho lecn advanced fu, the restrktion. (b) whether mere wo, a less restrictive, but equally eff..:tiv,,, way of achlcvtng the ,amc objective; (cl whether sulfu:icnt ,ogard 1w been paid to the rights and interero of those affected; In some cases <•-e-, ,n family caHs) those affected should l:,e consulted; (dl whether safeguards ..tst to guard against e,c;oc or abuse {e.� .• in seem iurvetllan,c meih (e) whethec the restriction In question destroy> the ,....-y essonc:e of the Convention ri,il:u in issue. • Evitle:ice irom oilier Couucll of Europe countries will often be relevant to the question of whelher a restriction ls propon:ionatc: f'maUy, and abo,11 all It caru>ot be aJiUOd dm there .,.. no equival.n� leis mtrlDLS>UCPI 10 HUMAN RICHTS DIC£ST • Th• passage of time may be rolcvant to the quosrion of proportlonahcy• A, tin>• P"""• th• :approprl•« respc,Nt not have a disproportionately seven offi:ct on the pcnon to whom it applies. AlthOlllih PQmiblc for limiting the Chancr riiht or freedom, mi cbe obJecch·e whit• cri•; (U} be h intffl4ed to play only a Glinor rol•; ond (iii) hh par�d,P4d on h t.UeA1:ial to enAble tht po li.4e to 1'N$Cr&w the prindpal. c:�1nal, ar.4 io arna, the• (all>ei t to� luser ott'eocH sue� a5 aueq:t 01' eonsp.1.ncy to cOlllld t th• cri••. o\" c:&l"J')"iN orrensht •eapon�) beror• injui:y it dQM u, � pu·,on � Hl'ious cl�-s• to p rop,rty. Th• Wor,aut ab0Ul4 a1•.,. be iutruote4 �t b• =�st. OA..AO H�I •�t u •unt ,arovoc:at betha b1 1uggeat1nc to omen thd �•T •hcia� ooait ot'f•ne•• or •�Mt-; ffi• '-o do 10, t.:d tba t U be la twnis to tl&.?e 4011• so ba rill hiaselt be Uable to p,ouaution. /{c) L.,. • u,06,2002 U!:2i f - ---­ ··�, ·-· ... SO)IS OFFICE I' �'!1!""" � � ... .. - ...--� (e) Tb!= police auat. never cODDf.t tllcmae1"fcs to & cwurac: wld.ch. whettltl" to F�ta�t en 1nr0..-i111u1t or c:,tbff'lfise, •ill ��1'41n, theai io lll•l� a c:ourt in .iny subuqufl.nt praceedin,u.- fhia oai •l••r• ii4 ,eprd1rcf as • pl"imo eon�eration •ht:1 cSecil!bg 1th�thez-, •n4 itl �hat ;ianner. IA Won!U\t :uy be uae4 ,ad how tar-. it ai all, ha is io uc allowed to ub pai-t .tn an offence. It hb use 111 Che -.y enviured "1U, en• h llk4� tc 1 NJ�1t S-a 1U lleiftg itlpo111llle t.o groteci hi» withO�t IUbleqQeAtl1 011slead1u. the C:OUZ"t, i!J;&t; GIU,U �• n1u•.dccJ a-a • decisive reason ro� hi.s not beini ,tQ uaa4 oi- not; �•£n,f protected-, . {a.) The ne':d io protect an �onttnt doeo nqt .Sunit., ttru� bill i�ty rrol! arN.tt or prosec11tioa t·or th� <::-�cc 1t be t'ully P'"°'t1.c1pat.ea izs O wn.th 'th• rcl'\�ai � iflun� (still. l�n. in rnl)eC:.t ot any other cnae b6 ha& e�ittect or trq' ·ia t\l:\ln f:Olll:I � � C { o) fht hw111\f of i11fo�r.--co c:Cllla tG� �, .htapeC\'t or It?. 1z;1ric11et11 behote4 a.u-pff'YiainJ, A .-i::'flctr, 'l'he� c�t t)e coc1>l•ie i:o�ane.e &ncl crnccrs &!'Id s\lhicd�ai.-,. and eve� chist �t.N.cer oC poU.ce 'abouJ,d •n-sur• ( 9 eN'eet+•o 1Npel"'Vhioo or hi:1 ·a,t.ac-t1ve-s1 a d.ee1.sS.on. tQ U$e a partici�atinJC :;\\fom&n 'C aboul4 'b • -ca •._.;;,-i at nnio&" leV'el.. t�u (r}- Pl..)"Tr.�nt to infot�n�s f�m publtc tunda •�ould ot1'1�i.'i", .. u •�perria� by • J�.n1or (,ci) 1rhtro an ,n:or:iiant hu been \lsed wbo h4s t&JceA p4� to tile c:QGW£nS.oi; ot a er-i:111 (or lf!dch Otl':ers ti.Ye bten attest4d, tbe- J)l'4SCCNtiM 1oltcitoi-, C0\11\iel, •nd ( sher-e he i.s cal\ceme4) the lJinotor- ot �bllc �socutiQn:. ihOIZld be infoC'IDed of the rae� &114 or fb·e put that the Worun� took 1" tho ca111iasion of the ortcnce, ,l�ouct,, ��bJ1ot to (c) al:>OYe, not r.n.;u1ttrtly or hh 1'dtnt1q. (b) car�t\:l insl�otlon shOUlcS be �TC� ,a 4•�cUvci ill 'trainiPC• The ROIK Secnt4� tully an4orso the:a.e bt"O.id princip-le.s. Re tee-la. :sure �t ars alN�ey wid�.Y applied ·in ;he po]4ce ,e"1ct; but in view ot reccsnt. puol1� intei-e,i ht uun>e.s it ri&ht to !,tin,; thec co th� notiee o'f all eh1�t" otticer, qf ,olii.e. He U'lC.s tl".&, you will r'ind 111cani ot cOCIUlendin& tbU! to n-a:-yone ttbo m•y be -onec:-ned in yo1.1r- !'cr.c:e. He he.s in:str\it:ted K.M. Inspectors or Cor.St4buluy to ;a�( �rUeulat attent'ion, 1.11 .the eoutse at tt,dz 1nspec"on,. W the Al"f'�ement1 111&&1• in police�toC"CU tor ,upec-vhion ape! 1:rdzrln« in �hu• 111&ttera. '"" inq . [139] Philip Cullen f' [140] • HO.ME OFFICE Ql,cl= Aa.oe's Gire Loudo&i SW1 H 9AT �liaeM-orJ �ONIJJtl«I o.. tlfl -=- POl.183 116912122 C.. � 'Oecai.rbef 1986 Dear Sir E�ries 1bout_� Circular can be lddms.d 1 (tellollone nu� YaJt'S faithfulfy uw Room524 V ') '-f HOM!: U.t- I- i o..,c. �-"◄ 'Rtquesu tor it1to,"'ition otner than addreues ,�ld '"'"'""' 'IX m.me \O ,.,.,e aoti�t>pr',ate local mcial t\l S8C-Jl'i office of the D•pvtmtnt. .. ;' 1.� (. Tracin g missing ixuom unotr 18 yoar , t.94.a. The Oep4'rtJT>C•'lt ot H eald, Df'\d Soci•I m...-itvwill also auist the pelice in t"'i"li to trace the 1Nhc,eabou! 5 of mwi ng parmr-s unt:U!• t ht age of l 9 vean. Jn th11 cs:lt of • per�on under 16 ve11rs of age onJ v limited i1ul�nce may� pofs;blt 1il"lce no se.,.ra!e record ,s ktPt and the only addrm lik.irly to be held is that from wtii cn the dlild i$ ,r,,s.sing . un!tsi; he ;, ir. t'1e comp,r, y of I curent or orher adult. The procedure! outlined in the par llijraph$ "'l\� ttla ��"' � ��\� � ,� ougn,; '�"� w.wl,d l)t h,\\�d. \,-, 0$� �t. » \tit>\� � � 'flt,l'I» to be in tfle como,nv o1 a �rant or o!her adult. 1.1 much loformati oo tt possible should abo be given about the 1Ccomoanv1n9 idul � In·• wermhi p caie. th� Department is pre �rad to give the l ll$1 recordeo adc:Jreu of the accoml)i'lVin g ;:iarent in confide�. on 'the .ind,rtalciog tl'\,11 it will not bt divul ged to the Other par ent. �< �� ,-:-. ( '-: ( .... ·- ENQUIRIES A.BOUT !X-NA.VAL RATINGS 1.88 Roy11 Ne11ar OP.JXi ts do ,wt lc:Ho recor�rail.;afs' ;:hJr a�el"f or of f'\l!Yai offences: all tru;:iuiries fer the recor:is and cnaracters of :;t·r.ev,t r.1r,ogs who are �roseo .ned by the Polle, ,t,ould be made to HMS Cenn, rion . Pay er ly tm;::,loved, ere 11SS1mtidl � o criminal Investigation and, within limit.a, 1h.y ought to be protecttd. Th� riskl attached to their tmpfoyment are obvio1n, howtver. and safeguard! are needed before use is m.1oe of an ,nformant tili.in9 �� in crime. Circumstances vary $0 widtly that it is difficvlt to establish rules o1 s,ene,af apOlicatoon: but rhe rot 1ow1no p,oints h,vq �4,n agreed uPQn !)y the Central Confererv:t of Chief Comubles- ,._,.,,... INI t;} � .u.-os 2002 i6:26 F:\I [145] KO,U:. UH L l..t. '°'"'· 1nd 110 ;)l,,':>li, ,nfof'ff\fnt. lho"ld c:o..nstl. IN:rte or e>r::>CUre the 1. .'k> 1neml:Jer 01 a p0l,a :ommiss,oo gf i crime. !:i Whert an it1f�r1T1.a-,t (jves the ;,olt:t informatio,, ll>out the il\a"tion of Others to commit II eri mt i n whieht'li!lf ii,te� mat l'lt Jl'\al pi.iv• oert. !\is P8niclpatior ihould be allowed to continu� O"l!V •vhrt _ •· tit does :io: �inly enSW911 ,n olinnl� and :ommi�jl\9 i,,., criir.-; ii. r>e •J lnt�cfotd to C>lay Oftly a minor role. end ii'. lies Olftic:igetill/'I is 41Ssent,•I ro en11>1e the POl�e to fntsm,te tlic Of"inc:i� cri.,.,inaJs ••� t::> ,ntST chem lalbcit for luser offc�s 'Yeh .as �f'I\Pt or ::or,,sc,itRV lO tommit tl\e crim,. or ..a,ryin,; offffls;.,e wupcm) �f� injutv iJ done 1t> any person or uriol,u de"'41qe to p,ol)e n:y -- ( ., 1.95 Wh11t l>Ola OogJ have t>een 11seQ CU(;etUt\111 \' ro Cleal ''"'tn rowdy.Sm. t1'•,. ,,e sc,eciill dange:-i :n 111ing dogs in l'lllne21,� ever, c:ompe:-�i�tlv srnal cr�c,s al'IO it G impat.,,t no, to "se tt, e,,. in sutfl i w,v ts tc run 1nv rtde o1 c::.ftin9 ,n :Ju1ut:or. V'Cir 11se for POli1,e wQrk �rallv. CO-OPSAA. TION WITli OTHE.A S£RVJCES CONC£RNe0 WITH CASES Of' "fO�·ACCt0£NTAI. IN.ltlRY TO CHl&.OREN 1.96 APOel'IO:x 3 to tfiis c:irc:vl• re;,roe'uces Home CW.ii:. Cir=uiar 17911976 et\tilltd "�Oft•ICCidtfttll ,njurv to c:hi,.Jt.,.: CN i:>cfice one, cirt ,onterer-c:e,··. jQir.ttv isu.cf o,, 19 IV<>Yemeer 1976 bv me Home Offia 1nd the Dco�cnt o' rleal� tnd Soc:.lf Sec:xr.irv. Tl\e Ar.r:ex -:o th.? c1rc"11r tats �ut '!!le rotei of tt,, e>rglftiHtions :nillflv corar"led w1tt1 M.ll",-tCC'1dental in1ury to ,Mdrtn. A ;ir-;ul� I t96/i9:r6} "simil..- t.m>1 wn issued en t1'e ,.,... day io•<'tlv � tN Home Office 11'\4 the Wc11h Offi=· ·-••-•"""'I