Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 1 of 17

U NITED STAT ES D ISTR IC T CO UR T
SO U TH ERN D ISTR ICT O F FL O R ID A

CaseNo.1 8 - 6 0 1 6 7
18U.S.C.j 1349

18U.S.C.j1347 CR -M IDDLEBROOKS
18U.S.C.j2

18v-s-c.j982(a)(7)

/* < ,

UN ITED STATE S O F AM ER IC A
V.

CH RISTO PH ER LIV A,
ELAIN A Llv A ,and
ST EPH EN CH A LK E R ,
Defendants.
/
IN DIC TM EN T

TheGrand Jury chargesthat:

GENER AL ALLEGATIONS
Ata11tim esm aterialto this lndictm ent:
The M edicare Prozram

TheMedicareprogram (klMedicare'')wasafederallyfundedprogram thatprovided
free or below -cost health care benefits to certain individuals,prim arily the elderly,blind, and

disabled.ThebenefitsavailableunderM edicareweregoverned byfederalstatutesandregulations.
The U nited StatesD epartm entofH ealth and H um an Services,through its agency,the Centers for

MedicareandM edicaid Services(i1CM S''),oversaw andadministeredMedicare.lndividualswho
received benetksunderM edicarewerecom m only referred to asM edicare Slbeneficiaries.''
M edicare program s covering different types of benefits w ere separated into

differentprogram Stparts.''PartD ofM edicare (the iéM edicare PartD Program''orçspal'
tD'')

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 2 of 17

subsidized the costs ofprescription drugs for M edicare beneficiaries in the United States.The
M edicarePartD Program wasenacted aspartofthe M edicare Prescription Drug,Im provem ent,
and M odernization A ctof2003,and w entinto effecton January 1,2006.

ln orderto receivePartD benefits,abeneficiary enrolled in a M edicaredrugplan.
M edicare drug planswere operated by private com paniesapproved by M edicare.Those com panies

wereoften referred to asdrug plan dtsponsors.''A beneficiary in a M edicare dnzg plan could filla
prescription atapharmacy and usehisorherplan to pay forsom eora11oftheprescription.
A phannacy could participate in PartD by entering a retail netw ork agreem ent

directlywithaplanorwithoneormorePharmacy BenefitM anagers(1kPBM s'').A PBM actedon

behalfofone ormore drug plans.Through a plan's PBM ,a pharmacy eould join the plan's
network. W hen a Part D beneficiary presented a prescription to a pharm acy, the pharm acy
subm itted a claim either directly to the plan or to a PBM that represented the beneficiary's

M edicarednzg plan.The plan orPBM determ ined whetherthepharmacy wasentitled to paym ent
foreach claim and periodically paid the phannacy foroutstanding claim s.The dnzg plan'ssponsor
reim bursed the PBM foritspaym entsto the pharm acy.
A pharm acy could also subm itclaim s to a M edicare drug plan to w hose netw ork

the pharmacy did notbelong.Subm ission ofsuch out-of-network claim s was notcomm on and
often resulted in sm allerpaym entsto thepharmacy by thednzgplan sponsor.
M edicare,through CM S,com pensated theM edicaredrugplan sponsors.M edicare
paid the sponsors a m onthly fee for each M edicare beneficiary of the sponsors' plans. Such

payments were called capitation fees.The capitation fee was adjusted periodically based on
variousfactors,including the beneficiary'sm edicalconditions.ln addition,in som e casesw here a
sponsor's expenses for a beneficiary's prescription drugs exceeded thatbeneficiary's capitation

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 3 of 17

fee,M edicarereimbursed the sponsorforaportion ofthoseadditionalexpenses.
M edicare wasa tûhealth carebenefitprogram ,''asdefined by Title 18,U nited States

Code,Section 24(b),thataffectedcommerce,and asthatterm isused in Title 18,United States
Code,Section 1347.

ExpressScripts,Inc.(tdExpressScripts'')wasaM edicaredrugplansponsor.
T he T RICA R E Prozram

TRICARE wasahealth careprogram oftheUnited StatesDepartmentofDefense

(déDOD'') M ilitary Hea1th System thatprovided coverage for DOD beneficiaries worldwide,
including active duty service m em bers, N ational G uard and Reserve m em bers, retirees, their

families,and survivors.Individualswho received health care benefitsthrough TRICARE were

referredtoasTRICARE itbeneficiaries.''TheDefenseHealthAgency(1kDHA'') anagencyofthe
DOD, was the military entity responsible for overseeing and adm inistering the TRICARE
program .
10.

TRICA RE was a çlhealth care benefit program ,'' as defined by Title 18,U nited

StatesCode,Section 24(b),thataffected commerce,andasthatterm isused in Title 18,United
States Code,Section 1347.

TRICARE provided coverage for certain prescription drugs, including certain
compounded drugs, that were medically necessary and prescribed by a licensed medical
professional.Express Scriptsadm inistered TRICA RE'Sprescription drug benetits.
TRICA RE benefciariescould filltheirprescriptions through m ilitary pharm acies,
TR ICA RE'S hom e delivery program ,netw ork pharm acies, and non-netw ork pharm acies. lf a
beneficiary chose a netw ork phannacy,the pharm acy would collect any applicable copaym ent
from the beneticiary,dispense the drug to the beneticiary,and subm ita claim forreim bursem ent

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 4 of 17

toExpressScripts,whichwouldin tul'
nadjudicatetheclaim andreimbursethepharmacydirectly
orthrough aPharmacy ServicesAdministrative Organization (ikPSAO'').To becomeanetwork
phannacy,aphannacy agreed to be bound by,and com ply with,a11applicable state and federal
law s,specifically including those addressing fraud,waste,and abuse.
T he M edicaid Prozram

TheM edicaidprogram (ûdM edicaid'')wasajointlyfundedprogram betweenfederal
and state governm ents that provided m edical assistance and health coverage for categories of
individuals whose incom e and resourcesw ere insufficientto m eetthe costsofm edicalservices.
14.

The Florida M edicaid Program w as authorized by Chapter 409, Florida State

Statutes,and Chapter59G,FloridaAdm inistrativeCode.M edicaidwasadministeredbyCM S and

theStateofFloridaAgencyforHea1thCareAdministration(1kAHCA'').
In Florida, M edicaid contracted with a private com pany to pay claim s.This
company wasrefen'ed toasthe M edicaid fiscalagent.Thefiscalagentalso perform ed avarietyof
otherfunctionsforM edicaid,including enrollm entofprovidersand managem entoftherecipient
eligibility system .ln addition,itprovided managem entofpharm acy benefitsthrough the PBM

vendor.OnJuly1,2008,ElectronicDataSystems(EDS)becamethefiscalagentfortheM edicaid
progrnm in Florida. On M arch 12,2010,ED S changed itsnam e to H P Enterprises Services,LLC .
16.

M edicaid reim bursem ent for prescribed dnzg services w as on a fee-for-service

basis.The Florida PointofSale (ûdPOS'')System wasthe system thatprocessed drug claims.
Phannaciesw hich did notuse PO S processing could subm itM edicaid claim svia electronic m edia

(batch)to take advantageofspeed andaccuracy inprocessing.Pharmaciessubmitted electronic
claim s them selves orchose a billing agentthatoffered electronic claim subm ission services.

4

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 5 of 17

17.

M edicaid also offered an electronicfundstransfersystem to pay claim ssubmitted

by pharm acies.Any pharm acy which utilized the electronic funds transfersystem was certifying

witheachuseoftheelectronicfundstransfersystem thattheclaimts)forwhichthepharmacywas
beingpaidwas/werein compliancewiththeprovisionsfoundontheclaim fonn andwitha11federal
and state laws.
18.

M edicaid w asa ûdhealth carebenetitprogram ,''asdefined by Title 18,U nited States

Code,Section24(b).
C om pounded D rues G enerallv
ln general, ûdcom pounding'' w as a practice in w hich a licensed pharm acist, a
licensed physician,or in the case of an outsourcing facility,a person under the supervision ofa

licensed pharm acist,combined,m ixed,oraltered ingredientsofadrug orm ultipledrugsto create
adrug tailored to theneedsofan individualpatient.Compounded drugswerenotapproved by the

U.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(ûûFDA'');thatis,theFDA didnotverifythesafety,potency,
effectiveness, or m anufacturing quality of com pounded dnzgs. How ever, the ingredients in

compounded drugscould be FDA approved individually.The Florida State Board ofPhannacy
regulated the practice ofcom pounding in the State ofFlorida.

20.

Compounded drugs could be prescribed by a physician when an FDA-approved

drug did notm eetthe health needsofa particularpatient.For exam ple,ifa patientw asallergic to

a specific ingredient in an FDA-approved medication, such as a dye or a preservative, a
com pounded drug could be prepared excluding the substance thattriggered the allergic reaction.
Com pounded drugs could also be prescribed w hen a patient could notconsum e a m edication by
traditionalm eans,such asan elderly patientorchild w ho could notsw allow an FDA -approved pill
and needed the drug in a liquid form thatw as nototherw ise available.

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 6 of 17

C opavm entsG enerallv

21.

Hea1th care benefitpayors- including M edicare,TRICARE,and M edicaid - set

copaymentsformany ofthe products and servicesthey covered.Copaym entswere a portion of
the costofthe productorservice thathad to be paid by the patientorbeneficiary.
22.

Copaym ents w ere set based upon the payor's evaluation of the efficacy of the

product or service, the cost of the product or service, and the availability of alternatives.
Copaym ents w ere used to prevent or m itigate fraud in the case of expensive m edications w ith
lim ited evidence of effectiveness.That is, if a patient or beneficiary did not need or w ant a

medication,heorshe would beunlikely to pay a high copayment,the m edication should notbe
dispensed,and the pharm acy should notmakeaclaim tothepayor.
Therefore,copaymentcollection requirem entswereprom inently setforth in PBM
contracts w ith pharm acies, such requirem ents w ere m aterial to PBM S, and PBM S audited

phannacies'copaymentcollection practices.A pharm acy'sfailureto collectcopaym entsin good
faith could resultin the PBM 'Srefusalto pay the claim s and even term ination ofthe contractw ith
the PBM .

The D efendants and R elated C om panies

Pop'sPharmacy,LLC (stpop'sPharmacy'')wasaFloridalimitedliabilitycompany
thathad aregistered principalplaceofbusinessat20 N.E.2nd Avenue,Deerfield Beach,Florida,
and purportedly provided com pounded drugs and other prescription m edications to M edicare,

TRICARE,and M edicaid beneficiaries.

Pop's Neighborhood Phannacy,LLC (stpop's Neighborhood'') was a Florida
lim ited liability com pany thathad a registered principalplace ofbusiness at20 N .E.2nd A venue,
Deerfield Beach,Florida,and purportedly operated Pop'sPharm acy.

6

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 7 of 17

26.

DefendantCHRISTOPH ER LIVA,a residentofPalm Beach County,wasa true

ow nerand the prim ary operatorofPop'sN eighborhood and Pop's Pharm acy.
27.

D efendantELA IN A L IV A ,a residentofN ew Jersey and then ofBrow ard County,

wasan ownerand operatorofPop'sNeighborhood and Pop'sPhannacy.
28.

D efendant STEPH EN C H A LK ER , a resident of Palm Beach County,w as the

PhannacistincbargeatPop'sPharmacy.
C O U NT 1
C onspiracy to Com m itH ealth C are Fraud

(18U.S.C.j 1349)
The GeneralA llegations section ofthis Indictm ent is re-alleged and incorporated
by reference asthough fully setforth herein.
From in oraround Septem ber2014,through in oraround October2016,in Broward

County,in the Southern DistrictofFlorida,and elsewhere,the defendants,
C H R IST O PH E R L IV A ,
ELA IN A Llv A .and
STEPH EN CH A LK ER ,

did willfully,thatis,with the intentto furtherthe objectsofthe conspiracy,and knowingly,
com bine,conspire,confederate,and agree w ith each other and w ith others,known and unknow n

to the Grand Jury,to comm itcertain offensesagainstthe United States,thatis,to knowingly and
willfully execute a schem e and artifice to defraud a health care benefit program affecting

commerce,asdefined in Title 18,United StatesCode,Section 24(b),andtoobtain,bymeansof
m aterially false and fraudulentpretenses,representations,and prom ises,naoney and propely
ow ned by,and underthe custody and controlof,said health care benefitprogram ,in connection
w ith the delivery ofand paym entforhealth care benetits,item sand services,in violation ofTitle
18,United States Code,Section 1347.

7

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 8 of 17

Purpose ofthe C onspiracv

Itwasa purpose and objectofthe conspiracy forthe defendants and theircoconspiratorstounlawfully enrichthemselvesby,amongotherthings:(a)submittingandcausing
the subm ission of false and fraudulent claims to M edicare, TRICARE, and M edicaid;

(b)concealingthesubmission ofsuch falseand fraudulentclaims;(c)concealing thereceiptand
transferofproceedsofthefraud;and(d)divertingproceedsofthefraudfortheirpersonaluseand
benefit,the use and benefitofothers,and to furtherthe fraud.
M anner and M eans ofthe C onspiracv

The manner and m eans by which the defendants and their co-conspirators sought to

accomplishthepurposeandobjectsoftheconspiracy included,amongotherthings:
4.

On or aboutSeptember l9,2014,ELAINA LIVA incorporated and becam e the

registered agent of Pop's N eighborhood, w hich CH RISTO PH ER LIVA , E LAIN A L IV A ,

STEPHEN CH ALK ER,and theirco-conspirators used to obtain controlofand operate Pop's
Pharm acy.

5.

ln oraround September2014,STEPH EN CHALKER becam ethe pharm acistin

charge atPop'sPhannacy.

6.

CHRISTOPH ER LIVA,ELAINA LIVA ,STEPH EN CHALKER,andtheirco-

conspiratorstook stepsto concealCH RISTO PH ER LIV A 'S ow nership interestin,and operation
of Pop'sPharm acy.
7.

Forexam ple,on oraboutDecem ber23,2015,STEPH EN C H A LK ER signed and

caused to be subm itted an ExpressScriptsprovidercertification and phannacy disclosure form on

behalfofPop'sPhannacyinwhichhe:(a)failedtodisclosetheownershipinterestandmanaging

controlofCHRISTOPHER LIVA;(b)falselyandfraudulentlyrepresented,amongotherthings,
8

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 9 of 17

that the pharmacy had never undergone a change in ownership and that the pharmacy's

ownertsl/principalts)hadnotbeenthesubjectofacriminalprosecution involvingfraud;and(c)
certified thatsuch inform ation w astrue and correct.A s a resultof the subm ission ofthese false

and fraudulentdocuments,Express Scriptsallowed Pop'sPhannacy to continueparticipating in
the Express Scriptspharm acy providernetw ork.
8.

CH RISTO PH ER LIVA ,ELA IN A LIV A ,STEPH EN C H A LK ER ,and theirco-

conspirators caused Pop's Pharmacy to submit false and fraudulent claim s to M edicare,
TRICARE,and M edicaid forcompounded drugs and otherprescription m edications,including
expensive pain and scarcream s,thatw ere notm edically necessary and/or were neverprovided.
induce benefciaries

accept m edically ulm ecessary m edications,

CHRISTOPH ER LIVA,ELAINA LIVA,STEPH EN CHALKER,and theirco-conspirators
oftentim esdid notcollectcopaym ents.

10.

As a result of these false and fraudulent claim s,Pop's Neighborhood received

paymentsfrom M edicare,TRICARE,and M edicaid totalingnearly $5 million.
A11in violation ofTitle 18,United States Code,Section 1349.
CO UN TS 2-4
H ealth C are Fraud

(18U.S.C.j 1347)
The GeneralAllegationssection ofthislndictmentisre-alleged and incorporated
by reference asthough fully setforth herein.
2.

From in oraround Septem ber2014,through in oraround A ugust2016,in Brow ard

County,in the Southern D istrictofFlorida,and elsewhere,the defendant,
STEPH EN CH AL K ER ,

in connection with the delivery ofand paym entforhealth care benefits,item s,and services,did

9

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 10 of 17

knowinglyandwillfully,execute,and attemptto execute,a schemeand artiticeto defraud ahealth
care benefitprogram affecting comm erce,as defined by Title 18,United States Code,Section

24(b),andto obtain by meansofmaterially falseand fraudulentpretenses,representations,and
prom ises,m oney and property ow ned by,and under the custody and controlof,said health care
benefitprogram .
Purpose ofthe Schem e and A rtifice

3.

Itwas apurpose ofthe scheme and artifice forthe defendantand his accom plices

tounjustly enrich themselvesby,among otherthings:(a)submittingandcausingthesubmission
of false and fraudulent claims to M edicare, TRICARE, and M edicaid; (b) concealing the
submissionofsuchfalseandfraudulentclaims;(c)concealingthereceiptandtransferofproceeds

ofthefraud;and(d)divertingproceedsofthefraudfortheirpersonaluseandbenefit,theuseand
benefitofothers,andto furtherthe fraud.
M anner and M eans ofthe Schem e and A rtifice
4.

The allegations contained in paragraphs 4 through 10 in the M anner and M eans

section ofCount1ofthislndictm entarere-allegedand incorporatedby reference asthough fully
setforth herein asa description ofthe schem e and artifice.
A cts in Execution or A ttem pted E xecution ofthe Schem e and A rtifice
7.

On oraboutthe dates setforth below as to each count,in Brow ard County,in the

Southern DistrictofFlorida,andelsewhere,thedefendant,STEPHEN CH ALKER,in connection
withthe delivery ofand paymentforhealth carebenefits,item s,and services,did knowingly and
w illfully execute,and attem ptto execute,the above-described schem e and artifice to defraud a
health care benefitprogram affecting com m erce,and to obtain by m eans of m aterially false and

fraudulentpretenses,representations,and promises,m oney and property owned by,and underthe

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 11 of 17

custody and controlof,said health carebenefitprogram ,in thatthe defendantsubm itted and caused
the subm ission offalse and fraudulentclaim s to M edicare and M edicaid,representing thatPop's
Pharm acy had provided pharm aceuticalitem sand servicesto benetk iariespursuantto physicians'
valid orders and prescriptions.
Count B eneficiary

2

V.W .

Claim N um ber

A pproxim ate
D ate of
Service

Item B illed

A pproxim ate
A m ountPaid

153493167113049998

12/15/2015

DICLOFENAC

$2,405

SO D IU M

3

C.C.

164141530361

1/14/2016

0000502098977

4

S.A.

7316139094978

DICLOFENAC

$2,755

SO D IUM

5/5/2016

LIDOCAINE

$1,262

In violation ofTitle 18,United StatesCode,Sections 1347 and 2.
FO RFEIT UR E

(18U.S.C.j982(a)(7))
The allegations contained in this lndictm entare re-alleged and incorporated by
referenceasthough fully setforth herein forthepurposeofalleging forfeitureto theUnited States
of certain property in which the defendants,CHRISTO PHER LIVA,ELAINA LIVA,and
STEPH EN CH A L K ER ,have an interest.
2.

Upon conviction ofaviolation ofTitle18,UnitedStatesCode,Section 1349,and/or

a violation of Title 18,United States Code,Section 1347,as alleged in this lndictment,the
defendants shallforfeitto the United States,pursuantto Title 18,U nited States Code,Section

982(a)(7),anyproperty,realorpersonal,thatconstitutesorisderived,directlyorindirectly,from
grossproceedstraceabletothecom mission ofthe offense.
3.

The property to beforfeited by CH RISTO PH ER L IV A includes,butisnotlim ited

to,a sum ofm oney equalin value to the grossproceedstraceable to the com m ission ofthe offense

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 12 of 17

alleged in this lndictment, approxim ately $416,725,which the United States will seek as a

forfeituremoneyjudgmentaspartofthedefendant'ssentence.
4.

The property to be forfeited by ELA IN A LIV A includes,but is notlim ited to,a

sum of m oney equal in value to the gross proceeds traceable to the com m ission of the offense

alleged in this lndictment, approxim ately $773,663,which the United States will seek as a

forfeituremoneyjudgmentaspal'
tofthedefendant'ssentence.
5.

The property to be forfeited by STE PH EN CH ALK ER includes,butisnotlim ited

to,asum ofm oney equalin valueto thegrossproceedstraceableto the com mission oftheoffense

alleged in this lndictment, approxim ately $275,738,which the United States will seek as a

forfeituremoneyjudgmentaspartofthedefendant'ssentence.
6.

lf any of the property described above,as a result of any act or om ission of the

defendants:
a. cannotbe located upontheexerciseofdue diligence'
,
b. hasbeen transferred orsoldto,ordeposited with,athird party;

hasbeenplacedbeyondthejurisdictionofthecourt;
d. hasbeen substantially dim inished in value;or
has been comm ingled w ith otherproperty which cannot be divided without
difficulty,

theUnited Statesshallbeentitled to forfeitureofsubstituteproperty,pursuantto Title21,United

StatesCode,Section 853(p),asincomoratedby Title 18,UnitedStatesCode,Section 982(b)(1).

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 13 of 17

AllpursuanttoTitle18,UnitedStatesCode,Section982(a)(7),andtheproceduressetforth
atTitle 21,United StatesCode,Section 853,asm adeapplicableby Title 18,United StatesCode,

Section982(b).

A TRU E BILL

$

0.

N

.$--

BEN JA M IN G .G REEN BER
UN ITED STATES ATTO RN EY
SOU TH ERN D ISTRICT O F FLORID A
JO SEPH BEEM STERBO ER
DEPU TY CH IEF
CRIM INAL DIVISION ,FM UD SECTION
U .S.D EPA RTM EN T OF JU STICE

LESLIE W RIGH T
TRIAL ATT
EY
CRIM m AL IVISION ,FM UD SECTION
U .s.D EPA RTM EN T OF JU STICE

13

 UN ITED STATES DISTR ICT CO UR T

SO UTH ER3N DI
STR IC Ton
O FFLSD
FLO R I
DA
Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document
Entered
Docket
06/15/2018 Page 14 of 17

UNITED STATES OF AM ERICA

CASE NO.

C ERTIFICA TE O F TR IA L ATTO R NEY.
CHRISTOPHER LIVA,
ELAINA LIVA .and

STEPHEN CHALKER,

Defendants.
/

New Defendantts)

CourtDivision'
.(selectone)
-

X

M iam i
FTL

Superseding Case lnform ation:

Key W est
W PB
FTP

NumberofN ew Defendants
Totalnumberofcounts

ldo hereby certify that:
Ihave carefully considered the allegationsofthe indictment,thenumberofdefendants,the num ber
ofprobablew itnessesand the legalcom plexitiesofthe lndictm ent/lnformation attached hereto.

lam aware thatthe inform ation supplied on this statementwillbe relied upon by the Judgesofthis
Courtin setling theircalendarsand scheduling crim inaltrialsunderthem andate ofthe Speedy Trial
Act,Title28 U .S.C.Section 3161.

lnterpreter:

(YesorNo)

Listlanguageand/ordialect
Thiscasew illtake

4-5

No

daysforthepartiesto try.

Please check appropriate category and typeofoffense listed below:
(Checkonlyone)

(Checkonlyone)

I
11
ll1
IV
V

0 to 5 days
6 to 10 days
11 to 20 days
21to 60 days
61daysand over

6

Hasthiscasebeen previously GledinthisDistrictCourt? (YesorNo) No

.

Ifyes:
Judge:

X

Petty
M inor
M isdem .
Felony

CaseN o.

(Attachcopyofdispositiveorder)
Hasacomplaintbeen filed inthismatter?
lfyes:
M agistrateCaseN o.
Related M iscellaneousnumbers:

(YesorNo)

Defendantts)infederalcustody asof
Defendantts)in statecpstodyasof
Rule 20 from the Distrlctof

lsthisapotentialdeath penaltycase?(YesorNo)

No

Doesthiscase originate from a matterpending in theNorthern Region ofthe U .S.Attorney'sOftk e
priorto October 14,2003?
Yes
No X

L LIE A . IG
D O J TR IA L A
N EY
CourtID No. 02273

*penalty Sheetts)attached

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 15 of 17

UNITED STATES DISTRICT CO URT
SO U TH ER N DISTR ICT O F FLO RIDA
PEN A LTY SH EET

Defendant'sN am e:

C H R ISTO PH ER LIV A

C ase N o:
Count#:
Title 18.U nited StatesCode.Section 1349
Conspiracv to Com m itH ea1th Care Fraud

WM ax Penaltv: Ten (10)vears'imprisonm ent
Count#:

WM ax Penaltv:

Count#:

*M ax Penalty'
.

Count#:

*M ax Penaltv:
*Refers only to possible term ofincarceration,does notinclude possible fines,restitution,
specialassessm ents,parole term s,or forfeitures thatm ay be applicable.

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 16 of 17

UN ITED STA TES D ISTR ICT CO UR T
SO U TH ER N D ISTR ICT O F FL O R ID A

PEN A LTY SH EET
D efendant's Nam e:

E LA IN A LIV A

C ase N o:
Count#:

Title 18.U nited StatesC odesSection 1349
Conspiracy to Com m itH ealth Care Fraud

*M ax Penaltv: Ten (10)vears'imprisonment
Count#:

*M ax Penaltv:
Count#:

*M ax Penaltv:

Count#:

*M ax Penalty:
AR efersonly to possible term ofincarceration,does notinclude possible fines,restitution,
specialassessm ents,parole term s,or forfeituresthatm ay be applicable.

 Case 0:18-cr-60167-DMM Document 3 Entered on FLSD Docket 06/15/2018 Page 17 of 17

U N ITED STA TES D ISTR ICT C O U R T
SO U TH ER N D ISTR ICT O F FL O R ID A

PENALTY SHEET
D efendant'sN am e:

STEPH EN CH ALK ER

C ase N o:
Count#:

Title 18.U nited StatesC odesSection 1349
Conspiracv to Com m itH ealth Care Fraud

WM ax Penaltv: Ten (10)vears'imprisonment
Counts #:

Title 18sUnited StatesCodesSection 1347
H ea1th Care Fraud

WM ax Penaltv:

Ten (10)vears'imprisonm entasto each count

Count#:

*M ax Penalty:
Count#:

*M ax Penaltv:
WR efers only to possible term ofincarceration,does notinclude possible fines,restitution,
specialassessm ents,parole term s,or forfeituresthatm ay be applicable.