ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT FOR THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA SITE, IN BEXAR COUNTY, TEXAS BOWMAN PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 SEPTEMBER 16, 2016 1.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) regulates the take of endangered and threatened species under Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Section 3 of the ESA defines take as “to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt to engage in any such conduct.” “Harm” is further defined as any act that actually kills or injures fish or wildlife or that results in habitat modification or degradation that significantly impairs essential behavioral patterns of fish or wildlife. However, the ESA provides exceptions for take that is incidental to otherwise lawful activities on non-federal lands via the issuance of a Section 10 incidental take permit or a Section 7 consultation. The purpose of this assessment is to identify, describe, and delineate potential habitat for federally listed endangered or threatened species, or candidates for such listing that may occur on the proposed project area. PROJECT AREA: The Mansions at La Cantera SIZE: Approximately 46 acres COUNTY: Bexar County, Texas LOCATION: USGS 7.5’ QUAD: Located just north of La Cantera Parkway, west of IH-10 in Bexar County, Texas (Figure 1). Castle Hills, TX PROPOSED PROJECT: Future development CLIENT: Intertek CLIENT ADDRESS: 3 Burwood Lane San Antonio, Texas 78216 Mr. John Langan, john.langan@psiusa.com CLIENT CONTACT: Bowman Consulting Group, Ltd. 133 W San Antonio Street • Suite 500 •San Marcos, Texas 78666 Tel: 512.327.1180 • Fax: 512.327.4062 THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 2.0 SPECIES OF CONCERN The following federally listed threatened, endangered, or candidate species in Table 1 were included on the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Annotated County Lists of Rare Species for Bexar County and included in this assessment (last revision dated July 25, 2016) and were included in this assessment. Species descriptions and the habitat requirements for the species listed below are provided in the following sections. Table 1. Federally listed and candidate species with the potential to occur in Bexar County included in this assessment. Common Name Black-capped vireo Golden-cheeked warbler Bracken Bat Cave meshweaver Cokendolpher Cave harvestman Government Canyon Bat Cave meshweaver Government Canyon Bat Cave spider Madla Cave Meshweaver Robber Baron Cave meshweaver A ground beetle (no common name) A ground beetle (no common name) Helotes mold beetle 1 USFWS Status1 TPWD Status1 E E E E E E --- E -- E - E E - Rhadine exilis E -- Rhadine infernalis E -- Batrisodes venyini E - Scientific Name Birds Vireo atricapilla Setophaga chrysoparia Karst Invertebrates Cicurina venii Texella cokendolpheri Cicurina vespera Neoleptoneta (Tayshaneta) microps Cicurina madla Cicurina baronia E = Endangered; T = Threatened; C = Candidate; -- = not listed as threatened or endangered 2.1 BIRDS 2.1.1 BLACK-CAPPED VIREO The black-capped vireo is a small (approximately 4.5 inches long) insectivorous bird. Characteristic features of the male include a black crown, nape and face, and white "spectacles" formed by white eye-rings with a white band connecting the eye-rings. Females of the species are similar, but duller and have a slate-gray cap. The back of the bird is olive green, the wings and tail are blackish with yellow-green edgings, the breast and belly are white with greenish yellow flanks, and the wings have two pale yellow wing bars (Oberholser 1974; Farrand 1983). The black-capped vireo uses heterogeneous scrub habitat that has a patchy distribution of shrub clumps and thickets with a few scattered trees and abundant deciduous foliage to ground level (Graber 1957, 1961; USFWS 1991; Grzybowski 1995). Typical plant species in black-capped vireo habitat on the Edwards Plateau include plateau live oak (Quercus fusiformis), shin oak (Quercus sinuata var. breviloba), and various sumacs (Rhus spp.). Less common species include Texas mountain laurel (Sophora secundiflora), agarito (Berberis trifoliolata), and beebrush (Aloysia gratissima). Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei) is usually not the dominant species, although it may be co-dominant with the oaks. The shrub layer in vireo habitat is usually four to ten feet high, with foliage extending densely to the ground. Vegetation structure at this level is necessary because vireos place their nests at an average height of only approximately three feet from the ground (Graber 1961; USFWS 1991; Grzybowski 1995). PAGE 2 THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 2.1.2 GOLDEN-CHEEKED WARBLER The golden-cheeked warbler is a small (approximately five inches long) insectivorous bird. Adult males have black on the crown, nape, back, throat and upper breast. The wings are black with two white wing bars. The cheeks are a bright golden-yellow with a black eyeline. The underparts are white streaked with black on the flanks. Adult females are similar but duller; the crown and back are olivegreen with some black streaking (Oberholser 1974; Farrand 1983). In Texas, the golden-cheeked warbler is an inhabitant of juniper-oak woodlands in the Edwards Plateau, Lampasas Cut-Plain, and Llano Uplift (Wahl et al. 1990; USFWS 1992). Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei) and various oak species are the dominant tree species throughout the golden-cheek warbler's breeding range. Spanish oak (Quercus buckleyi), plateau live oak (Quercus fusiformis), shin oak (Quercus sinuata var. sinuata), cedar elm (Ulmus crassifolia), walnut (Juglans spp.), hackberry (Celtis spp.) and Texas ash (Fraxinus texensis) are common, particularly in the central part of the warbler's range (Pulich 1976; Ladd and Gass 1999). Golden-cheeked warblers require some mature Ashe juniper in their nesting habitat. Bark shreds of mature Ashe juniper are used by the species for constructing nests, which are well camouflaged and located high in the nest tree, thereby making them difficult to find. Golden-cheeked warblers are typically found in areas of steep slopes, canyon heads, draws, and adjacent ridgetops (Pulich 1976; Ladd 1985). 2.2 KARST INVERTEBRATES Nine federally endangered karst-dwelling invertebrates are currently known to occur in Bexar County: the Bracken Bat Cave meshweaver, the Cokendolpher Cave harvestman, the Government Canyon Bat Cave meshweaver, the Government Canyon Bat Cave spider, the Madla Cave meshweaver, the Robber Baron Cave meshweaver, the Helotes mold beetle, and two ground beetles with no common name. All of these species are troglobites (i.e., they are restricted to the below-ground environment of the karst). Troglobites are generally characterized by such modifications as reduction or loss of eyes and pigment, along with more elongate appendages, more developed tactile and chemosensory detectors, and life history behaviors and strategies adapted to a food-poor environment (Elliott and Reddell 1989). The endangered invertebrates inhabit small, shallow, dry caves and sinkholes, and their associated subterranean fractures and interconnections in Edwards and Walnut limestones (Veni 1992). Such fractures and interconnections are often difficult to identify, as observable surface indications are usually absent and subsurface indications are at best only partially detectable. Although the fractures and interconnections may be too small for humans to move through, they are large enough for karst invertebrates to traverse. Environmental conditions in karst habitat include a complex of temperature, humidity, light, and nutrient-input factors which sustain only highly adapted organisms. The karst species are usually more abundant near cave and sinkhole entrances, where energy input from leaf litter, cricket and mammal droppings, and the decomposing bodies of trapped animals helps maintain higher populations. During periods of unfavorable environmental conditions, however, karst-dwelling species may move further back into the fractures and interconnections. Such conditions may be due to variations in temperature or humidity which are attenuated with increasing distance into the farthest areas in the underground environment. The surface community is an integral part of the karst habitat. Energy input and nutrients in the form of leaf litter, animal droppings, and trapped animals originate on the surface and move into the PAGE 3 THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 subsurface community via cave and sinkhole openings. Several karst-dwelling species forage on the surface, and thus transfer energy and nutrients into the karst. 2.2.1 BRACKEN BAT CAVE MESHWEAVER The Bracken Bat Cave meshweaver (Cicurina venii) is a small, eyeless, or essentially eyeless, troglobitic spider. The species description is based on one female collected on November 22, 1980 by G. Veni and described by Gertsch (1992). Bracken Bat Cave remains the only location known to contain this species (USFWS 2008). 2.2.2 COKENDOLPHER CAVE HARVESTMAN The Cokendolpher cave harvestman (Texella cokendolpheri) is a small, pale orange, essentially eyeless, troglobitic harvestman. Juvenile specimens are known to be white to yellowish-white in color. Texella cokendolpheri was first collected in 1982 and described by Ubick and Briggs (1992). It is known from one locality (i.e., Robber Baron Cave) in Bexar County (USFWS 2008). 2.2.3 GOVERNMENT CANYON BAT CAVE MESHWEAVER The Government Canyon Bat Cave meshweaver (Cicurina vespera) is a pale, eyeless, troglobitic spider. The female holotype was first collected on August 11, 1965 by J. Reddell and J. Fish (Reddell 1993) and described by Gertsch (1992). The species is currently known from only Government Canyon Bat Cave in Government Canyon State Natural Area (USFWS 2008). A second cave, called “unnamed cave five miles northeast of Helotes”, was once thought to also contain the species but was subsequently ruled out as a locality. The individual collected from this unnamed cave was determined to be a new species, Cicurina neovespera (Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004). Molecular analyses of both Cicurina vespera and another federally listed spider, Cicurina madla, have suggested a possible synonymy between the two species (Paquin and Hedin 2004). These results, however, have not been confirmed by morphological analysis and no formal synonymy was proposed in Paquin and Hedin (2004). 2.2.4 GOVERNMENT CANYON BAT CAVE SPIDER The Government Canyon Bat Cave spider (Neoleptoneta microps) is a small, short-legged, essentially eyeless spider. It was first collected on August 11, 1965 by J. Reddell and J. Fish (Reddell 1993). The species was originally described by Gertsch (1974) as Leptoneta microps and later reassigned to Neoleptoneta following Brignoli (1977) and Platnick (1986). The species was initially reported from two caves in Government Canyon State Natural Area: Government Canyon Bat Cave and Surprise Sink. The specimen collected from Surprise Sink, however, has not been confirmed as Neoleptoneta microps (Joel Ledford, pers. comm. 2010). 2.2.5 MADLA CAVE MESHWEAVER The Madla Cave meshweaver (Cicurina madla) is a pale, eyeless, troglobitic spider first collected on October 4, 1963 by J. Reddell and D. McKenzie (Reddell 1993) and described by Gertsch (1992). The Madla Cave meshweaver has been confirmed in eight Bexar County caves. Molecular markers were used to identify juvenile specimens at eleven additional sites in Bexar County (Paquin and Hedin 2004). Eight of these eleven additional sites are caves that include other listed species and are either located within critical habitat areas or areas that are not included in the critical habitat designation due to the provision of adequate special management. The remaining three of the eleven additional sites are caves where authorization for take of C. madla was granted to La Cantera under a Section PAGE 4 THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 10(a)(1)(B) permit (USFWS 2001). One of these three latter caves has been heavily impacted and is not expected to contribute to the species’ recovery. The other two caves occur in mitigation preserves and are not expected to be impacted (Allison Arnold- pers. comm.2010). 2.2.6 ROBBER BARON CAVE MESHWEAVER The Robber Baron Cave meshweaver (Cicurina baronia) is a small, eyeless spider known from two localities (USFWS 2008; Krista McDermid, pers. comm. 2010). It was first collected in Robber Baron Cave on February 28, 1969 by R. Bartholomew (Reddell 1993) and described by Gertsch (1992). 2.2.7 A GROUND BEETLE (NO COMMON NAME) The beetle Rhadine exilis is a small, slender-bodied, essentially eyeless, troglobitic ground beetle. It was first collected in 1959 and described by Barr and Lawrence (1960) as Agonum exile and later assigned to the genus Rhadine (Barr 1974). The species is currently known from 52 caves in Bexar County (USFWS 2008; Krista McDermid, pers. comm. 2010). 2.2.8 A GROUND BEETLE (NO COMMON NAME) Rhadine infernalis is a small, slender-bodied, essentially eyeless, troglobitic ground beetle. It was first collected in 1959 and initially described by Barr and Lawrence (1960) as Agonum infernale, but later assigned to the genus Rhadine (Barr 1974). There are two recognized subspecies: Rhadine infernalis ewersi and R. infernalis infernalis, (Barr 1960). A third possible subspecies, R. infernalis ssp., was characterized as valid but has not been formally described (Reddell 1998). All three subspecies are included under R. infernalis and are protected under the federal listing as endangered. R. infernalis is known from 36 caves located in Bexar County (USFWS 2008). 2.2.9 HELOTES MOLD BEETLE The Helotes mold beetle (Batrisodes venyivi) is a small, troglobitic, reddish-brown beetle that resembles an ant. It was first collected in 1984 and described by Chandler (1992). The species is currently known from eight caves in Bexar County (USFWS 2008). 3.0 METHODS Bowman reviewed available background information, including geology maps, soil maps, topographic maps, stream and wetland maps, and aerial imagery. Bowman also reviewed available digital data on known occurrences and locations for each species in the vicinity of the proposed project area. Bowman senior environmental scientist Ms. Jennifer Blair, CWB visited the proposed project area on September 13, 2016, September 14, 2016 with staff scientist Amelia Perry and September 15, 2016 with environmental scientist Ms. Erin Swanson to observe habitat characteristics within and in the surrounding area, and to identify any potential habitat for the target species. The proposed project area was surveyed on foot and Bowman staff spent approximately 9.5 hours on site documenting the characteristics of the proposed project area and surrounding vicinity. Photographs from the site visit were taken with a Nikon D5300 SLR digital camera and stored as JPG image files (Appendix A). Ms. Blair is covered by a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Endangered Species Act Section 10(a)(1)(A) permit (TE841353-1) and is authorized to conduct research and recovery studies of federally listed species. Please note that Bowman is required by the conditions of our permit to file this report with USFWS. PAGE 5 THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 4.0 RESULTS The project area is located within the Castle Hills, TX, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic map quadrangle, just north of La Cantera Parkway, west of IH-10 in Bexar County, Texas (Figure 1). Elevations across the proposed project area ranged from approximately 1255 feet above mean sea level (msl) along the eastern boundary to approximately 1115 feet above msl along the southern boundary of the proposed project area. The proposed project area was primarily a forested hillslope woodland with recreational hunting structures observed at the time of the site visit. Perimeter fencing, residential development, commercial development, vehicle trails, and other undeveloped land were observed in the immediate vicinity (Figure 2). The proposed project area is located within the Balcones Canyonlands subregion of the Edwards Plateau ecoregion, as described by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (Griffith et al. 2004). Soils across the proposed project area consist of the Eckrant-Rock outcrop complex, 15 to 60 percent slopes, and Eckrant cobbly clay, 1 to 5 percent slopes (TaB). The Eckrant-Rock outcrop complex forms on ridges and slopes and forms a complex slope shape. It is well drained and has a moderately low to moderately high capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water. This soil covers about 98% of the project area. Eckrant cobbly clay is well drained, has a moderately low to moderately high capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water, and has a very low available water storage in its profile. This soil covers about 2% of the project area. Geology of the proposed project area and the surrounding vicinity is overlain by the Kemp formation, which is a mostly silt, calcar, muddy clay with some fine-grained sandstone beds and concretionary masses near the top of the unit. The Kainer formation is also exposed within the project area and is a thickly bedded limestone. The upper Glen Rose Formation is exposed in low-lying areas in the southernmost portion of the project area, which is a marly limestone (Bureau of Economic Geology (BEG) 1974). A northeast/southwest trending fault runs through the northern portion of the proposed project area and is associated with other faults in the surrounding area. The proposed project area is located entirely over the Edwards Aquifer Recharge Zone. Veni and Martinez (2007) map the entire proposed project area as Zone 1, which is likely to contain endangered cave species. There are no water bodies located within or adjacent to the proposed project area that would provide habitat (i.e. major spring runs and/or permanent streams) for the listed or candidate aquatic species. The proposed project area consists of large patches of mature juniper-oak woodlands (Figure 2). There were signs of some slight previous vegetation clearing in some small isolated patches areas within the proposed project area. These previously cleared areas were now primarily shrublands. Vegetation in the surrounding vicinity ranged from relatively dense woodlands, open woodlands, riparian woodland, mesquite shrubland, and urban development. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department observation records, USFWS observation records, publically available records, and/or Bowman survey database identified known occurrences of the golden-cheeked warbler and the nine listed karst invertebrates within less than 1 mile of the proposed project area. PAGE 6 THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 4.1 BIRDS 4.1.1 BLACK-CAPPED VIREO Based on field observations and recent aerial images, the proposed project area does not contain characteristics typical of potential black-capped vireo habitat. The proposed project area only contained small, isolated patches of shrublands or dense understory vegetation meeting the patchy, low, dense, shrubby vegetation generally described as typical black-capped vireo habitat (Campbell 2003). Therefore, it is unlikely that the proposed project area would be utilized by the species. 4.1.2 GOLDEN-CHEEKED WARBLER Based on field observations and recent aerial images, the proposed project area does contain characteristics of potential suitable habitat for the golden-cheeked warbler as described by Campbell (2003). Overall, the proposed project area is dominated by the vegetative characteristics necessary to support the habitat requirements for the golden-cheeked warbler. Much of the proposed project area contained patches of mature woody vegetation dominated by large old growth Ashe juniper with dbh greater than 12 inches. In the wooded areas, Ashe juniper was often dominant, and contained peeling bark. The woodlands within the proposed project area overall contained the tree species and canopy cover density required by the golden-cheeked warbler. .Therefore, it is likely that the vegetation types present within the proposed project area would be used by the golden-cheeked warbler. 4.2 KARST INVERTEBRATES The proposed project area contains the appropriate geology to support the nine listed karst species. Veni and Martinez (2007) maps the entire proposed project area as Zone 1, which is known to contain endangered Karst invertebrates. Therefore, if karst features are identified within the proposed project area, it is likely that they would contain potential karst invertebrate habitat. 5.0 CONCLUSIONS Potential suitable habitat was observed within the proposed project area the golden-cheeked warbler and the karst invertebrate species included within this report. It is likely that these species occur on the proposed project area, and further action with regard to these species is recommended. One feature that was visually observed in the field and contained multiple small openings along its surface exposed reach. The entrance to the feature contained troglophitic species, which are an indicator that the feature supports habitats necessary for listed karst species (i.e. food source). The area surrounding the entrance to the feature and extending to the surface exposed fault is depressional in nature, which can sometimes suggest prior collapse of subsurface voids. The size of the depressional area, connectivity to an exposed fault, geologic formation, and presence of troglphitic species at the entrance and known occupied caves in the immediate vicinity makes it highly likely that this feature contains listed karst invertebrate species. PAGE 7 THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 6.0 SIGNATURES This report was prepared and approved by a certified wildlife biologist federally permitted through the USFWS to perform habitat assessments for federally listed endangered or threatened species at the consulting firm of Bowman Consulting Group, Ltd. in conformance with the methods and limitations described herein. The findings of this assessment are completely and accurately documented in this report. PREPARED BY: PREPARED AND APPROVED BY: SIGNATURE SIGNATURE ERIN SWANSON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST PRINTED NAME JENNIFER BLAIR, CWB SENIOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECT MANAGER PRINTED NAME SEPTEMBER 15, 2016 DATE SEPTEMBER 15, 2016 DATE 7.0 REFERENCES Barr, T. C., Jr. 1974. Revision of Rhadine LeConte (Coleoptera, Carabidae) I. The Subterranea Group. American Museum Novitates No. 2539. 30 pp. Barr, T. C., Jr. and J. F. Lawrence. 1960. New cavernicolous species of Agonum (Rhadine) from Texas (Coleoptera: Carabidae). The Wasmann Journal of Biology 18:137-145. Brignoli, P. M. 1977. Spiders from Mexico. III. A new leptonetid from Oaxaca (Araneae, Leptonetidae) Accad. Naz. Lincei, Probl. Att. Sci. Cult., 171(3): 213-218. Bureau of Economic Geology. 1974. Geologic atlas of Texas, Austin sheet. Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas – Austin. Austin, Texas. 10 pp. + map. Campbell, L. 2003. Endangered and threatened animals of Texas – their life history and management. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Wildlife Division, Austin, Texas. 129 pp. Chandler, D. S. 1992. The Pselaphidae (Coleoptera) of Texas Caves. Texas Memorial Museum, Speleological Monographs 3: 241-253. Farrand, J., Jr. (ed.). 1983. The Audubon Society master guide to birding. 3 Vols. Alfred A. Knopf, New York. 1244 pp. Gertsch, W. J. 1974. The Spider Family Leptonididae in North America. The Journal of Arachnology 1: 145-203. Gertsch, W. J. 1992. Distribution patterns and speciation in North American cave spiders with a list of the troglobites and revision of the Cicurinas of the subgenus Cicurella. Texas Memorial Museum, Speleological Monographs. 3: 75-122. Graber, J.W. 1957. A bioecological study of the black-capped vireo (Vireo atricapillus). Ph.D. dissertation. University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK. 203 pp. _____. 1961. Distribution, habitat requirements, and life history of the black-capped vireo (Vireo atricapilla). Ecol. Mono. 31:313-336. PAGE 8 THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 Griffith, G.E., S.A. Bryce, J.M Omernik, J.A. Comstock, A.C. Rogers, B. Harrison, S.L. Hatch, and D. Bezanson. 2004. Ecoregions of Texas (color poster with map, descriptive text, and photographs) (map scale 1:2,500,000). U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. Grzybowski, J.A. 1995. Black-capped vireo (Vireo atricapillus). In The Birds of North America, No. 181 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists’ Union. Washington, D.C. Ladd, C. G. 1985. Nesting habitat requirements of the golden-cheeked warbler. M.S. thesis. Southwest Texas St. Univ., San Marcos, Texas. 65 pp. Ladd, C., and L. Gass. 1999. Golden-cheeked warbler (Dendroica chrysoparia). In The Birds of North America, No. 420 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA. 24 pp. Lockwood, M. W. 2001. Birds of the Texas Hill Country. University of Texas Press, Austin. 228 pp. Lockwood, M.W. and B. Freeman. 2004. The Texas Ornithological Society Handbook of Texas Birds. Texas A&M University Press: College Station. 261 pp. NatureServe. 2009. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available http://www.natureserve.org/explorer. Accessed May 2010. NatureServe. 2014. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available http://www.natureserve.org/explorer., 2014). Oberholser, H.C. 1974. The bird life of Texas. 2 vols. University of Texas Press, Austin. 1069 pp. Paquin, P. and M. Hedin. 2004. The powers and perils of ‘molecular taxonomy’: a case study of eyeless and endangered Cicurina (Araneae: Dictynidae) from Texas caves. Molecular Ecology 13(10): 3239-3255. Platnick, N. I. 1986. On the tibial and patellar glands, relationships, and American genera of the spider family Leptonetidae (Arachnid, Araneae). Amer. Mus. Novit., 2855. 16 pp. Pulich, W.M. 1976. The golden-cheeked warbler: a bioecological study. Texas Parks and Wildlife Dept., Austin, Texas. 172 pp. Reddell, J. R. and J. C. Cokendolpher. 2004. The cave spiders of Bexar and Comal counties, Texas. Texas Memorial Museum, Speleological Monographs 6: 75-94. Reddell, J. R. 1993. Response to the petition to delist seven endangered karst invertebrates. Letter to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Austin, Texas. 10 July 1993. Reddell, J. R. 1998. Troglobitic ground beetles of the genus Rhadine from Bexar County, Texas. A report prepared for the Texas Parks and Wildlife Foundation. 8 pp. Schmidly, D. J. 2004. The Mammals of Texas. University of Texas Press, Austin. 501 pp. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD). 2009. Wildlife fact sheets [on-line]. Accessed August 2011 at www.tpwd.state.tx.us/huntwild/wild/species/. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD). 2016. Annotated County Lists of Rare Species: Bexar County. Updated July 25, 2016. Ubick, D. and T. S. Briggs. 1992. The harvestman family Phalangodidae. 3. Revision of Texella Goodnight and Goodnight (Opiliones: Laniatores). Pages 155-240 in J. R. Reddell, editor. Texas Memorial Museum Speleological Monographs, 3, Studies on the Cave and Endogean Fauna of North America IV. Texas Memorial Museum, Austin, TX. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 1991. Black-capped vireo (Vireo atricapillus) recovery plan. FWS, Austin, TX. 74 pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 1992. Golden-cheeked warbler (Dendroica chrysoparia) recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM. 88 pp. PAGE 9 THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2001. Environmental assessment/habitat conservation plan for issuance of an Endangered Species Act Section 10(a)(1)(B) permit for the incidental take of two troglobitic ground beetles (Rhadine exilis and Rhadine infernalis) and Madla Cave meshweaver (Cicurina madla) during the construction and operation of commercial development on approximately 1,000-acre La Cantera property, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. 196 pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2007. Red wolf (Canis rufus) 5-year status review: summary and evaluation. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Arlington, Texas. 58 pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2008. Draft Bexar County Karst Invertebrate Recovery Plan. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Albuquerque, New Mexico. 125 pp. Veni, George and C. Martinez. 2007. Revision of karst species zones for the Austin, Texas, area. Prepared for the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Austin, Texas. 48pp + apps., figs. Wahl, R., D.D. Diamond and D. Shaw. 1990. The golden-cheeked warbler: a status review. Prepared for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fort Worth, Texas. 63 pp. plus appendices and maps. PAGE 10 BOWMAN PROJ. NO. 070182-01-001 V:\070182 - MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA\070182-01-001 (ENV) - MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA\ENVIRONMENTAL\GIS\FIG1-TOPO.MXD E.SWANSON SEPTEMBER 16, 2015 PROPOSED PROJECT AREA F 0 500 1,000 Feet Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP FIGURE 1 MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN PROJ. NO. 070182-01-001 V:\070182 - MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA\070182-01-001 (ENV) - MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA\ENVIRONMENTAL\GIS\FIG1-TOPO.MXD E. SWANSON SEPTEMBER 16, 2016 PROPOSED PROJECT AREA F 0 125 250 Feet 2015 AERIAL IMAGERY FIGURE 2 MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT F PROPOSED PROJECT AREA Kgru - UPPER GLEN ROSE FORMATION 0 375 750 Feet Kk - KEMP FORMATION Kw - KAINER FORMATION Qal - QUATERNARY ALLUVIUM Qt - TERRACE DEPOSITS FAULT KARST ZONE KARST ZONE 3 BOWMAN PROJ. NO. 070182-01-001 V:\070182 - MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA\070182-01-001 (ENV) - MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA\ENVIRONMENTAL\GIS\FIG3-GEOLOGY.MXD E. SWANSON SEPTEMBER 16, 2016 KARST ZONE 1 FIGURE 3 GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS - BUREAU OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGY BULVERDE ROAD 57 ACRES ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT PROPOSED PROJECT AREA GCW POTENTIAL HABITAT AND OCCUPANCY F 0 125 250 Feet Low Quality Potential Habitat - Not Likely to be Occupied Medium Quality Potential Habitat - Not Likely to be Occupied High Quality Potential Habitat - Not Likely to be Occupied Low Quality Potential Habitat - Maybe Occupied Medium Quality Potential Habitat - Maybe Occupied High Quality Potential Habitat - Maybe Occupied Low Quality Potential Habitat - Likely to be Occupied Medium Quality Potential Habitat - Likely to be Occupied BOWMAN PROJ. NO. 070182-01-001 V:\070182 - MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA\070182-01-001 (ENV) - MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA\ENVIRONMENTAL\GIS\FIG4-GCW.MXD E.SWANSON SEPTEMBER 16, 2016 High Quality Potnetial Habitat - Likely to be Occupied FIGURE 4 GOLDEN CHEEKED WARBLER POTENTIAL HABITAT AND OCCUPANCY MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED HABITAT SPECIES ASSESSMENT THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA ENDANGERED SPECIES HABITAT ASSESSMENT BOWMAN © 2016 PROJECT NO. 070182-01-001 APPENDIX A PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE MANSIONS AT LA CANTERA SEPTEMBER 14 and 15, 2016 SITE VISITS PAGE 11