2017 CSLAP Report Hadlock Pond , Washington Co., Lake Hadlock Association, Inc. Surface Area (ac/ha) Max Depth (ft/m) 275 Lake Mean Depth (ft/m) Characteristics Retention Time (years) 16 5 0.48 AAT C Water Class Dam Class Watershed Area(ac/ha) Watershed/Lake Ratio Watershed Lake and Wetlands Characteristics Agricultural Forests, shrubs, grasses Residential Urban 111 5796 2345 21 8.7% 0.9% 87.7% 2.7% 0.0% 1997-2001, 2011-2017 Years CSLAP Participation Sal Ricciardone Volunteers Trophic State HABs Susceptibility Invasive Vulnerability PWL Assessment Mesoligotrophic Low High Fully Supports Uses Open Water Indicators 2017 Sampling Results 6/11 6/25 7/8 7/22 8/6 8/20 9/4 9/15 Seasonal Long Change Term Avg. Chl.a (µg/L) 2 2.3 2.5 2.3 3.3 2.5 4.4 3.6 3.3 BG Chl.a (µg/L) 0.0 0.4 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.4 Clarity (m) 4.5 5.2 4.7 3.9 4.2 4.3 3.8 4.5 4.7 pH 7.3 8.2 7.1 7.4 8.3 7.6 8.0 7.7 7.7 Cond (µmho/cm) 74.2 20.1 51.5 69.5 49.5 74 56.8 75.7 73 Surf Temp (°C) 21 25 26 27 25 25 21 22 24 Bott Temp (°C) 19 15 15 19 17 17 17 19 18 TN (mg/L) .392 .212 .262 .248 .133 .268 .324 .262 0.266 TP (mg/L) .007 .007 .007 .006 .008 .007 .007 .007 0.008 Deep TP (mg/L) .006 .01 .011 .009 .02 .013 .012 .009 0.012 N:P Ratio 56 30 37 41 17 38 46 37 Shoreline bloom and HABs notifications Date of first listing Date of last listing 7/28/2017 8/4/2017 Shoreline HAB Sample Dates 2017 HAB HAB 7/21 Indicators Criteria BGA 25 µg/L 76.8 Microcystin 20 µg/L ND Anatoxin-a ND # of weeks on DEC notification list 1 # of weeks with updates 1 HAB Status 2017 Open Water Algae Samples 2017 Shoreline Algae Samples 2017 Open Water Toxin Levels 2017 Shoreline Toxin Levels Hadlock Pond Long Term Trend Analysis Clarity Chlorophyll a Surface and Deep Phosphorus Lake Perception Hadlock Pond Long Term Trend Analysis Nitrogen pH Temperature Specific Conductance Hadlock Pond In-Season Analysis In Season Temperature In Season Water Clarity Scorecard Lake Use Potable Water Not applicable Swimming Algae blooms Recreation Algae blooms Aquatic Life No impacts Aesthetics Invasive plants Supported/Good Threatened/Fair Stressed/Poor Impaired Not Known Habitat Invasive plants Fish Consumption Not applicable PWL Average Year 2017 Primary Issue Summary  2017 compared to prior years: Hadlock Pond can be characterized as mesoeutrophic, or moderately  unproductive, based on low nutrient levels and intermediate water transparency and algae (chlorophyll  a) levels.  Each of these trophic indicators was close to normal in 2017. Conductivity was significantly  lower than usual, and plant coverage was much lower than usual, but it is not known if either of these  changes otherwise affected the lake.     Compared to nearby lakes: Hadlock Pond has similar water clarity, nutrients, and algae levels compared  to other nearby (eastern Adirondack) lakes. pH and conductivity are also slightly higher than in nearby  lakes, and surface plant coverage occurs more frequently (though not in 2017). Chloride levels appear to  be highly variable, and at times indicate potential impacts from road salt. However, any aquatic life  impacts are probably lower than those resulting from the dam breach in 2005.    Trends: Surface and deepwater phosphorus and conductivity levels have decreased in recent years,  while pH and water temperature readings have increased. Some of these changes may have come from  the significant change in the lake after the dam breach. Additional data will help to determine if long‐ term changes have occurred.     Algal blooms and HABS:  Water quality conditions usually indicate a low to moderate susceptibility to  blooms, although a small mid‐July bloom may have been comprised of a mix of algae species (including  cyanobacteria, or blue‐green algae). Open water algae levels have been consistently low, and toxins  have not been detected in any samples.     Aquatic invasive species:  Eurasian watermilfoil, curly‐leafed pondweed, water chestnut and brittle  naiad are found in Hadlock Pond, prompting the use of mechanical weed harvesters. Chloride levels are  too low to support zebra mussels, although these invasive mussels have not been found in the lake.     Indicated Actions:   Individual stewardship activities such as pumping your septic system, growing a  buffer of native plants next to the water bodies, and reducing erosion from shoreline properties and  runoff into the lake will help to improve lake health by reducing nutrient and sediment loading to the  lake. Visiting boats should be inspected to reduce the risk of new invasive species, since nearby lakes  harbor several invasive plants not presently found in this lake.  Continued monitoring for invasive  species is warranted.  Continued algae bloom education and monitoring for HABs is recommended,  particularly since shoreline blooms may periodically be present in the lake.   How to Read the Report This guide provides a description of the CSLAP report by section and a glossary. The sampling site is indicated in the header for lakes with more than one routine sampling site. Physical Characteristics influence lake quality:  Surface area is the lake’s surface in acres and hectares.  Max depth is the water depth measured at the deepest part of the lake in feet and meters.  Mean depth is either known from lake bathymetry or is 0.46 of the maximum depth.  Retention time is the time it takes for water to pass through a lake in years. This indicates the influence of the watershed on lake conditions.  Lake classification describes the “best uses” for this lake. Class AA, AAspec, and A lakes may be used as sources of potable water. Class B lakes are suitable for contact recreational activities, like swimming. Class C lakes are suitable for non-contact recreational activities, including fishing, although they may still support swimming. The addition of a T or TS to any of these classes indicates the ability of a lake to support trout populations and/or trout spawning.  Dam classification defines the hazard class of a dam. Class A, B, C, and D dams are defined as low, intermediate, high, or negligible/no hazard dams in that order. “0” indicates that no class has been assigned to a particular dam, or that no dam exists. Watershed characteristics influence lake water quality:  Watershed area in acres and hectares  Land use data come from the most recent (2011) US Geological Survey National Land Use Cover dataset CSLAP Participation lists the sampling years and the current year volunteers. Key lake status indicators summarize lake conditions:  Trophic state of a lake refers to its nutrient loading and productivity, measured by phosphorus, algae, and clarity. An oligotrophic lake has low nutrient and algae levels (low productivity) and high clarity while a eutrophic lake has high nutrient and algae levels (high productivity) and low clarity. Mesotrophic lakes fall in the middle.  Harmful algal bloom susceptibility summarizes the available historical HAB data and indicates the potential for future HAB events.  Invasive vulnerability indicates whether aquatic invasive species are found in this lake or in nearby lakes, indicating the potential for further introductions.  Priority waterbody list (PWL) assessment is based on the assessment of use categories and summarized as fully supported, threatened, stressed, impaired, or precluded. Aesthetics and habitat are evaluated as good, fair, or poor. The cited PWL assessment reflects the “worst” assessment for the lake. The full PWL assessment can be found at http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/36730.html#WIPWL. Current year sampling results  Results for each of the sampling sessions in the year are in tabular form. The seasonal change graphically shows the current year results. Red shading indicates eutrophic readings.  HAB notification periods on the DEC website, updated weekly http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/83310.html  Shoreline HAB sample dates and results. Samples are collected from the area that appears to have the worst bloom. Red shading indicates a confirmed HAB.  HAB sample algae analysis. Algae types typically change during the season. These charts show the amount of the different types of algae found in each midlake or shoreline sample. Samples with high levels of BGA are HABs. The second set of charts show the level of toxins found in open water and shoreline samples compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines.  If there are more than ten shoreline bloom samples collected in a year, bloom sample information is instead summarized by month (May-Oct.) as minimum, average, and maximum values for blue-green algae and microcystin. Long Term Trend Analysis puts the current year findings in context. Summer averages (mid-June thru mid-September) for each of the CSLAP years show trends in key water quality indicators. The graphs include relevant criteria (trophic categories, water quality standards, etc.) and boundaries separating these criteria. In-Season Analysis shows water temperature and water clarity during the sampling season. These indicate seasonal changes and show the sample year results compared to the typical historical readings for those dates. The Lake Use Scorecard presents the results of the existing Priority Waterbody List assessment for this lake in a graphical form and compares it to information from the current year and average values from CSLAP data and other lake information. Primary issues that could impact specific use categories are identified, although more issues could also affect each designated use. The Lake Summary reviews and encapsulates the data in the lake report, and provides suggested actions for lake management. Glossary of water quality and HAB indicators Clarity (m): The depth to which a Secchi disk lowered into the water is visible, measured in meters. Water clarity is one of the trophic indicators for each lake. TP (mg/L): Total phosphorus, measured in milligrams per liter at the lake surface (1.5 meters below the surface). TP includes all dissolved and particulate forms of phosphorus. Deep TP: Total phosphorus measured in milligrams per liter at depth (1-2 meters above the lake bottom at the deepest part of the lake) TN: Total nitrogen, measured in milligrams per liter at the lake surface. TN includes all forms of nitrogen, including NOx (nitrite and nitrate) and NH4 (ammonia). N:P Ratio: The ratio of total nitrogen to total phosphorus, unitless (mass ratio). This ratio helps determine if a lake is phosphorous or nitrogen limited. Chl.a (µg/L): Chlorophyll a, measured in micrograms per liter. Indicates the amount of algae in the water column. pH: A range from 0 to 14, with 0 being the most acidic and 14 being the most basic or alkaline. A healthy lake generally ranges between 6.5 and 8.5. Cond (µmho/cm): Specific conductance is a measure of the conductivity of water. A higher value indicates the presence of more dissolved ions. High ion concentrations indicate hardwater, and low show softwater. Upper Temp (°C): Surface temperature, measured in degrees Celsius Deep Temp (°C): Bottom temperature, measured in degrees Celsius BG Chl.a (µg/L): Chlorophyll a from blue-green algae, measured in micrograms per liter HABs: Harmful Algal Blooms. Algal blooms that have the appearance of cyanobacteria (BGA) BGA: Blue-green algae, also known as cyanobacteria Microcystin (µg/L): The most common HAB liver toxin; total microcystin above 20 micrograms per liter indicates a “high toxin” bloom. However, ALL BGA blooms should be avoided, even if toxin levels are low. Anatoxin-a (µg/L): A toxin that may be produced in a HAB which targets the central nervous system. Neither EPA nor NYS has developed a risk threshold for anatoxina, although readings above 4 micrograms per liter are believed to represent an elevated risk.