., ."' TECHNICAL REPORT OF U.S. ARMY GROUND ACCIDENT INDl!!XS °" Pampftt91 For wed ... Flxnl. t . DAT!Of'ACC~) :se5-40; 1M pr,:,ponent....., II OCSA. REQUIREMENTS CONTROL SYMBOL CSOCS-308 1018031'4 LTM A a. T1tle ~dll...i.ingCll!lcilal, >,,,,,kddoftt"-' · Encl a U.S. C ~ and lt-,mendlllal,I X 0 E H.,,..,.d~ X 10A l'onn 28111 ~tlWlll.-lntarvllwl No\Apj>! S.R-. X X ~lwmlll-0) X (DA Form 285-W, IIEMAIIICI ,. a. p,_llifllll IOMo--. (N- Ml S/QMUIJ G,_. OS (b)(6) r•Kn lN E-fNI (b)(6) mil@mail.mil -...andT.,. HO. Green Mountain Annory 789 National Guard Road Cofdtcstcr, VT 05446 (b)(6) b, Recorder ( " - _, ~ J Grade OS (b)(6) IISl'Mdl MS £-'I (b)(6) mil@mail.mil ~llfldTetNo. Army Aviation Support Facility 1-41 Shamrodt Road South Burlinpin, VT 05403 (b)(6) o. Medlcol Ollloar ~-Sll,lafln) Gracia OS (b)(6) E...... (b)(6) lllnndl SP - - T e l . N o. Anny Aviation SupPOrt Facility 141 Shamrock Road mil@mail. South BurlingtOn, VT 05403 mil (b)(6) Grado E9 (b)(6) E"""'I t.011. r , , , - - , ~ Ot9de (b)(6) 18,•nct, Addre•• - NIA rnil@mail.rnil Toi. No. Bwldin1#I 789 National Guard Road Colchester. VT 05446 (b)(6) (b)(6) 04 IBrenct, MS E-fflal (b)(6) .mil@mail.mil AddrM• and Tai, No. Green Mountain Annory. 789 National Ouard Road Coldtester, VT05446 (b)(6) Gtl,de W4 IBrench Md s. Other (Specify) D SECTION E -ACCIDENT DESCRIPTION/NARRATIVE (From Blocks 10, 46, 4 7. 61 and 62) 63. The investigation board will report, in narrative form on letter size paper, the facts, cond~ions, and circumstances as established during the invesligation and present this information in accordance with DA PAM 385-40, paragraph 4-4. See TAB D. 64a. PRINTEDfTYPED NAME OF PERSON COMPLETING THIS REPORT 64b. RANK I64c. TITLE Secretary General Staff LTC (b)(6) 64e. DATE OF SIGNATURE (YYYYMMDD) (b)(6) 64g. EMAIL ADDRESS (b)(6) 20180614 DA FORM 2115, FEB 2009 641. TELEPHONE NO. (b)(6) .mil@mail.mil PAGE 4 OF 5 APO LC vt .00 (b)(6) SECTION F - CORRECTIVE ACTION AND COMMAND REVIEW 65. The investigation board will formulate the findings and recommendations on letter sized paper in accordance with the examples contained in DA PAM 385-40, paragraph 4-3. See TAB C. 66b. RANK 66a. PRINTED/TYPED NAME OF COMMANDER 66d. DATE OF SIGNATURE (YYYYMMDD) 66c. SIGNATURE 66e. TELEPHONE NO. 66f, EMAIL ADDRESS d . RANK/DATE c. TITLE b. SIGNATURE a. TYPED NAME/EMAIL ADDRESS 67. 68. 69. SECTION G - SAFETY OFFICE USE ONLY 71. ARMY HEADQUARTERS 70. LOCAL REPORT NO. Director, Army National Guard 20180314 72. ACCIDENT TYPE (Check choice} • • • • • • • a. Army Motor Vehicle b. Army Combat Vehicle c . Army Operated Vehicle d. POV - Not on Official Business e. Marine Diving r. Marine Underway g. Marine Not Underway • • • • • D • [81 h. other Army Vehicle • • • • I. Fire j. Chemical Agent k. Explosive I. Missile o. Personal Injury - Other p. Property Damage - Other q. POV - On Official Business r. Space s. Commercial CarrierfTransportation ti! m. Radiation n. Nudear 74a. PHONE NO. OF SAFETY OFFICER POC (DSN, Commercial, etc.) 73. NAME OF SAFETY POINT OF CONTACT (POC) 75. DATE REPORT COMPLETED BY SAFETY OFFICER (yYYYMMDD} 74b. EMAIL ADDRESS SECTIO N H - EXPLOSIVES/AMMUNITION 76. EXPLOSIVE/AMMUNITION INFORMATION: ITEM 1 ITEM2 ITEM 3 ITEM4 a. LOT# b. QUANTITY c. NET EXPLOSIVE \NEIGHT (NEW) d. DoOIC/DoDAC 77. SPECIAL INTEREST 78. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION DA FORM 285, FEB 2009 PAGE 5 OF 5 · APO LC v1 .00 TECHNICAL REPORT OF U.S. ARMY GROUND ACCIDENT I REQUIREMENTS CONTROL SYMBOL CSOCS-308 ' FOR USACRCUSE ONLY For use of this form, see DA Pamphlet 385-ed tn0$I severe) • • • "· ~ • r. • • • DA FORM 285, FEB 2009 ) a. Fatal b. Permanent Total Disability. Person can never again do gainful work. h. D 0 Fl (b)(6) 15. GENDER (Clleel<) a. Male Female g. ACCIDENT OCCURRED DURING (C~edl one) b. Off Post a. Combat b Non-Cn c. Inadequate on-the-job training i. Effects of alcohol/drugsnJlness a. Inadequate school training /conrent/amount) (b)(5) (b)(5) d. Fear/excitemenUanger e. Overconfident in own/others abilities/complacent o. Other (Specify In n11r1tlw) (b)(5) j. Inadequate facilities k. Inadequate services I. Improper equipment design f. In a hurry 48. Time licensed on this vehide . (Check one) 49. Total AMV driving mileage (Chock one) 50a. Total time in unit (Check one) • • • • • • • • c. 5,000 - 10,000 miles • •[El d. Over 10,000 miles 50b. Date Assigned/Hired a. Less than one year b. One to two years c. Over two years d. Unlicensed a. Less than 1,000 miles b. 1,000 - 5,000 miles Less than 6 months 6 months - 1 year Over one year 50c. Date of redeployment from combat zone, ff app{icable (YYYYMMDD) 51 . WHICH ITEM FROM SECTION C APPLIES TO THE INDIVIDUAL NAMED IN BLOCK 12? (This is needed in order to relate the person in Block 12 to the equipmentlv&hicle below.) (E] Item A (AR, TM, SOP) 1B) Hem 8 [R) Item C [Rl Other (Specify) (YYYYMMDD) MTN Boots 20 151 201 20101205 SECTION C - PROPERTY/MATERIEL INVOLVED (Whether Damaged or Not) ITEMA ITEM B ITEMC Mountaineering Helmet Mountain Bag Crampons 53a. Model number NIA NIA NIA NIA NIA b. Serial number Unit Person Unit Person Unit Person $110.00 $0.00 $110.00 52. Type of item 54. Ownership (DoD, DA, POV, Unit Person) 55. Dollar cost of damage. 56, Rollover protection system installed? 57. Was this ttem being towed? 0 D Yes • No (E] NA Yes D No ~ NA 0 0 NI A Yes D No [Rl NA D Yes Yes • No [Rl NA • Yes D D No [Rl No [Rl NA NA 58. If towed, enter letter fOI' ttem doing towing. 59. Types of collision codes (Pick up to three from list below and enter in blocks.) (In S1H1Uence) 12 I Types of Collisions 1- Going foiward and collided with moving vehicle 2- Going foiward and collided with parked vehicle 3456- Collision while backing Collision with pedestrian Collision with object (other than vehicle/pedestrian) Overturned DA FORM 285, FEB 2009 I 12 789- I 12 I 11- Ran off the road Jackknifed Going foiward and rear-ended moving vehicle Going forward and rear-ended parked vehicle Collision while turning 12- Other (Specify) 10- I Impact with rocks and ground while falling PAGE 3 OF 5 APO LC v1.00 SECTION C - PROPERTY/MATERI EL INVOLVED {Whether Dam age d or N ot) (Continued) I (b)(6) 60. Componentlf>art that Failed/Malfunctioned (Complete this section if a materiel failure/malfunction caused/contributed to the accident) ITEMA ITEM B ITEM C a. National Stoel< Number NIA NIA NIA b. Part Number NIA NIA NIA Black Diamond Vapor c. Describe Part d. Manufacture(s Identification Code e. EIR/QDR Number 61. How/Why Part Malfunctioned (Select code from •How" list below and enter in first block; select code from 'Why" fist and enter in second block.) Cold Cold World Chernobyl Black Diamond Contact 45L NIA NIA NIA NIA NIA NIA HOW HOW WHY How Part Failed/Malfunctioned Codes: 1234567- Twisted/torqued Compressed/hiVpunctured Ben I/warped Sheared/cut Decayed/decomposed 14 Electric current action Unknown/ Other 15 • Blank - Not Reported 10 • 11 12 13 - 3 - Obstructed/pinched/dogged 4 • Vibrated 5 - Rub bed/worn/frayed 6 - Corroded/rusted/pitted 7 - Overpressured/burst 8 - Pulled/stretched WHY Why Part Failed/Malfunctioned Codes: 9. 1 - Overheated/burned/melted 2 - Froze (temperature) HOW WHY Improper equipment design Inadequate maintenance Inadequate manufacture of equipment Inadequate written procedures (AR, TM, SOP) Improper supervision Unknown Other (Specify in narrative) SECTION D • ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS INVOLVED 62. Environmental Conditions. (Check. environmental condiffons pmsent and indicate if conditions caused/contributed to the accident.) PRESENT CAUSED/ CONTRIBUTED • • • • • IRl • • • CONDITION PRESENT d. Fog, condensation, frost • • •[8] e. Mist. rain, Sleet, hail [8] a Clear/dry: visibility unlimited b. Bright, glare C. Dark. dim (b)(5) f . Snow, ice g. Dust. fumes. gasses, smoke, vapors h. Noise, bang, static i. Temperature/humidity • (cold. heal) j . Storm, hurricane, tornado CAUSED/ CONTRIBUTED CONDITION k. Wind gust/turbulence I. Vibrate, shimmy, sway. shake m. Radiation. laser, sunlight n. Holes, rocky, rough, rutted, uneven 0, lndined/steep (b)(5) • D • • p. Slippery (not due to precipi/1/ion) q. Air pressure (bands. decompre$$ion, a/Nlude. nvriox/a/J r. Lightning, static electrici1y, ground s. Other (Specify) SECTION E - ACC IDENT DESC RIPTION/NAR RATIVE (From Blocks 10, 46, 47, 61 and 62) 63. The investigation board will report, In narrative form on letter size paper, the facts. conditions. and circumstances as established during the Investigation and present this information In accordance with DA PAM 385-40, paragraph 4-4. See TAB D. 64a. PRINTED/TYPED NAME OF PERSON COMPLETING THIS REPORT 64b. RANK 164c. TlnE Secretary General Staff LTC (b)(6) 64e. DATE OF SIGNATURE 64d. SIGNATURE 641. TELEPHONE NO. (b)(6) (YYYYMMDD) (b)(6) 64g. EMAIL ADDRESS 20180601 DA FORM 285, FEB 2009 (b)(6) .mi1@mail.mil PAGE 4 OF 5 Af'D LC \11 .00 SECTION F • CORRECTI VE ACTION AND COMMAND REVIEW (b)(6) 65. The investigation board will formulate the findings and recommendations on Jetter sized paper in accordance with the examples contained in DA PAM 385-40. paragraph 4-3. See TAB C. 66a. PRINTEDfTYPED NAME OF COMMANDER 66b. RANK 66c. SIGNATURE 66d. DATE OF SIGNATURE (YYYYMMDD) 66e. TELEPHONE NO. 66f. EMAIL ADDRESS a. TYPED NAME/EMAIL ADDRESS b. SIGNATURE c. TITLE d. RANK/DATE 67. 68. 69. SECTION G • SAFETY OFFICE USE ONLY 70. LOCAL REPORT NO. 71. ARMY HEADQUARTERS 2018-011 124th Regional Training Institute 72. ACCIDENT TYPE (Check choice) • • • • • • • a. Army Motor Vehicle b. Army Combat Vehicle c. Army Operated Vehide d. POV - Not on Official Business e. Marine Diving f. Marine Underway g. Marine Not Underway 73. NAME OF SAFETY POINT OF CONTACT (POC) • • • • • • • (8:) h. Other Army Vehlde • • • • I. Fire j. Chemical Agent k. Explosive I. Missile p. Property Damage - Other q. POV - On Official Business r.' Space s. Commercial Carrier!Transportation - m. Radiation n. o. Personal Injury• Other Nuclear 74a. PHONE NO. OF SAFETY OFFICER POC (DSN, Commercial, etc.) 75. DATE REPORT COMPLETED BY SAFETY OFFICER (YYYYMMDD) 74b. EMAIL ADDRESS SECTION H - EXPLOSIVES/AMMUNITION 76. EXPLOSIVE/AMMUNITION INFORMATION: ITEM 1 ITEM 2 ITEM 3 JTEM4 a. LOT# b. QUANTITY c. NET EXPLOSIVE WEIGHT (NEW') d . DoOIC/DoOAC 77. SPECIAL INTEREST 78. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION DA FORM 285, FEB 2009 PAGE 5 OF 5 APO LC v1 .00 TECHNICAL REPORT OF U.S. ARMY GROUND ACCIDENT For use of this form, see DA Pamphlet 385-40; the proponent agency is OCSA. I I REQUIREMENTS CONTROL SYMBOL FOR USACRC USE ONLY CSOCS-308 SECTION A• ACCIDENT INFORMATION 1. CHECK ONE a. b. [!] • 2, UIC (Unit ldentificaUon Code) CHANGE Ib. MONTH ,c. DAY 2018 ACCIDENT OCCURRED 7, B. Infantry IF ON POST, NAME OF INSTALLATION/FACILITY ACCIDENT OCCURRED DURING (Check one) 9, (Check one) 0 •· • 1305 10. WERE EXPLOSIVES OR AMMUNITION INVOLVED (Causal or Contributing Role} •[!] PERIOD OF DAY (Check one/ MiNfary Time) 14 03 6. 3b. BRANCH (Armor, Infantry, etc.) Army Mountain Warfare School 8 Mountain School Road Jericho, VT 05465 W7W5AA TIME OF ACCIDENT (Lees/ 5. 4. DATE OF ACCIDENT a. YEAR 3a. UNIT NAME AND MILITARY ADDRESS (Accountable Unilj /6-D~~ Code of Unit Having Ace' ent) ORIGINAL C. Dawn Dusk 0 0 b. Day d. Night D 0 •0 a. On Post b. OIi Post a. Combat b. Non-Combat 11a. EXACT LOCATION OF ACCIDENT (Detailed enough to locate site} Easy Gully, Smuggler's Notch Cambridge, VT 05444 Yes (See DA PAM 385-40) No 11b. TYPE OF LOCATION 11 c. GRID COORDINATES OR LAT/LONG Fl N44 33' 25" W072 47' 51" SECTION B • PERSONNEL INFORMATION 12. NAME /Last, First. Ml} 13. SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER (SSN) 14, DOB / YYYYMMDD} (b)(6) (b)(6) 15, GENDER (Check) [!] •. Male • 16. RANK OR GRADE 17. MOS OR JOB SERIES Female b. lLT llA00 18a. ADDRESS (Use Official Addre.. for /JJI Mi/ita'J or Govemment Personnel} (If different than Block 3. add U/C. HQ 1-172 CAY RSTA 86 IBCT MTN (WPXETO) l 8 Fairfield Street Saint. Albans, VT 05478 1Bb. For injured Army Civilians or Contractors. enter home address 19b, IF OFF DUTY (if on leave/pass) 19a. DUTY STATUS AT TTME OF ACCIDENT (Check one) [!] On Duty • OIi Duty O D I Leave Date From: Pass Date To: 0 20. FLIGHT STATUS (Check one) a. Yes 0 b. No 0700 21 a. TIME BEGAN WORK: 6 210. CONTINUOUS WORK w/o SLEEP: 8 22. HRS. SLEEP IN LAST 24: 23, DAYS LOST/RESTRICTED a. Hospitalized: (not counting day of inJ!Yf} b, Not Hospitalized: c. Restricted Activltv: 4 Days IO Days 76 Day• 24. TREATED IN EMERGENCY ROOM 0 a. Yes Db. No 25a. OSHA 300 Log Case Number: 25b. Name of Physician/Health Care Provider. 2Sc. If treatment WH given away rrom \NOrk..11:ite, where was It given? Facility: Street City: University of Vermont Medical Center l l l Colchester Avenue Stale: VT Burlington 26. SEVERI TY OF ILLNESSnNJURY (Check most &evere) • • •[8] • • • •DA FORM 285, FEB 2009 ) a. Fatal b. Permanent Total Disability. Person can never again do gainful work. C. Permanent Partial Disability. Person loses or can never again use a body part Days Awai from Work. Person misses one or more workdays; ed rest/on quarters. d. e. (Dale of Death g. Restricted Work Activity. Person is lemporarily uoable to perform regular duties; job traosfer~ight duty/profile. Medical Treatment Beyond First Aid. Loss of consciousness, needle stick, etc. First Aid On~ Person has one-time treatment of minor injury. o lost work days.) h. No Injury. (, 28. CAUSE OF INJURY/OCCUPATIONAL ILLNESS (Number in order of severity) (No more than 3) 27. CLASSIFICATTON AT TTME OF ACCIDENT (Check) (b)(6) • • • • • • • • • • • • •[8] • • • • • • • • • • • • • a. Active Army b. Army Civilian C. Army Contractor d. Army Direct Contractor e. f. 1 a. b. Struck By h. Overexertion 2 C. Fell from Elevation I. Exposure d. Fell from Same Level j. External Contact e. Caught In/ Under/ Between k. Ingested f. Rubbed/Abraded I. Inhaled Nonappropriated Fund (NAFJ Other U.S. Milttary g. ROTC- h. Dependent g. Struck Against Bodily Reaction 29, BODY PART(SJ AFFECTED (Number in order of .seve "1v1 Ill. o more than 31 a. Body (General) m. Arm Wrist i. NGB Tech b. Head n. j. NGB IDT C. Forehead 0. Hand k. NGBAT d. Eyes p. Fingers I. NGBADSW e. Nose q. Leg m. NGBAGR f. Jaw t. Knee n. NGBADT g. Neck s. Ankle 0. NG Activated h. Trunk t. Foot p, USARIOT i. Chest u. Toes q, USARAT j, Heart V. Other (Specify/ r. USARADT k. Back s. USAR FTM I. Shoulder t. USAR AGR u. USAR Activated a. Burns (Chemic8/) V. Foreign Nat. Direct H;re b. Burns (Thermal/ n. Hernia, Rupture w, Foreign Nat. Indirect Hire C. Amputation o. Frostbite p. Heat Stroke q. Heat Exhaustion 1 2 - 30. TYPE OF INJURYnLLNESS (Number to Co"esoond with Block 291 Decompression Sickness Asphyxiation X. Foreign Nat. KATUSA d. y. Foreign Mil. Attached to the U.S. Armv e. (Suffocation) z. Public f. Fractures 2 aa. Not reported ' m. Puncture Wound r. g. Dislocation s. h. Abrasions t. i. Concussion j. Sprain/Strain k. Cuts/Lacerations I Contusion 2 U. Noise lnjurv/lllness Needle Stick or Sharp Loss of Consciousness Other (Specify/ (b)(6) . ·- - . -- PREVIOUS EDITION IS OBSOLETE. I .,,-- .-. -~llilllai PAGE 1 OF 5 APD LC V1,00 SECTION B • PERSONNEL INFORMATION 31. I (Continued) (b)(6) Person's actlon(sl at time of accident (Check one and explain in Block 32.) [El a. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Soldiering b. Combat Soldiering c. Physical Training d. Weapons Firing/Handling e. Engineering or C~struction f. Communications g. Security/Law Enforcement h. Fire Fighting i. Patient Care (People/Animals) j. Test/Study/Experiments k. Educational I. Information and Arts m. Food and Drug Inspection n. Laundry/Dry Cleaning Services 0. PesVPlant Control p. Operating Vehicle or Vessel gg. Parachuting (See Instructions DA Pamphlet 385-40) (1) Jumper Height • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • q. Handling Animal r. Maintenance/Repair/Servicing s. Fabricating t. Handling Material/Passengers u. Janitorial/Housekeeping/ Grounds Keeping v. Food/Drink Preparations w. Supervisory X. Office (7) 'Nind Direction/Speed At y. Counseling/Advisory z. Sports ea. Hobbies bb. Passenger cc. Human movement dd. Ho~eplay ee. Bystanding/spedating ff. Personal Hygiene/Food/Drink Consumption/Steeping (15) Date graduated basic airborne training (YYYYMMDD) (2) Jumper Weight Jump Height (3) Type of Jump {8) Jump Altitude (4) Parachute Type/Model (9) Position in Stick (5) Equipment (10) Door Exited Drop Zone (16) Type of Aircraft (17) Accident fact= (parachute): (Explain as n<1<>emmendations on letter sized paper in accordance with the examples contained in DA PAM 385'40. paragraph 4-3. See TAB C. 66a. PRINTED/TYPED NAME OF COMMANDER 66b. RANK 66d. DATE OF SIGNATURE 66c. SIGNATURE 66e. TELEPHONE NO. (YYYYMMDDJ 66f. EMAIL ADDRESS b. SIGNATURE a. TYPED NAME/EMAIL ADDRESS c. TITLE d. RANK/DATE 67. 68. 69. SECTIO N G • SAFETY O F F ICE USE O NLY 71. ARMY HEADQUARTERS 70. LOCAL REPORT NO. Director, Army National Guard 20180314 72. ACCIDENT TYPE (Check choice) • • • • • • • a. Army Motor Vehicle b. Army Combat Vehicle c. Army Operated Vehicle d. POV - Not on Omcial Business e. Marine DiYing f. Marine Underway g. Marine Not Underway 73. NAME OF SAFETY POINT OF CONTACT (POC) • • • • • • • ~ h. Other Army Vehicle • • • • i. Fire j. Chemical Agent k. Explosive I. Missile o. Personal Injury - Other p. Property Damage - Other q. POV - On Official Business r. Spece - m. Radiation n. Nuclear s. Commercial Carrier/Transportation 74a. PHONE NO. OF SAFETY OFFICER Pde /DSN, Commerdal, etc.) 75. DATE REPORT COMPLETED BY SAFETY OFFICER (YYYYMMDD) 74b. EMAIL ADDRESS SECTION H - EXPLOSIVES/AMMUNITION 76. EXPLOSIVE/AMMUNITION INFORMATION: ITEM 1 ITEM2 ITEM 3 ITEM 4 a. LOT# b. QUANTITY c. NET EXPLOSIVE 'lv'EIGHT (NEW) d. DaDIC/DoDAC 77. SPECIAL INTEREST, 78. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION DA FORM 285, FEB 2009 PAGE 5 OF 5 APO LC v1 .00 TECHNICAL REPORT OF U.S. ARMY GROUND ACCIDENT I I FORUSACRCUSEONLY REQUIREMENTS CONTROL SYMBOL CSOCS-308 For use of this form. see DA P~phlet 385-40; the proponent agency is OCSA. SECTION A - ACCIDENT INFORMATION 1. CHECK ONE UIC (U.nit Identification Code) 2. [!I a. D b. CHANGE a. YEAR ,b.~H 'co~: INVOLVED (Causal or Contributing Role) D Yes (See DA PAM 385-40) [!I No 7. ACCIDENT OCCURRED IF ON POST. NAME OF INSTAU.ATIONIFACIUTY 8. (Checll one) 0 0 1305 10. WERE EXPLOSIVES OR AMMUNITION PERIOD OF DAY (Check one) 6. 3h. BRANCH (Armor. Jnfllntry, etc.) Army Mountain Warfare School 8 Mountain School Road Jericho, VT 05465 W7W5AA TIMEOF ACCIDENT (Local Milifllry nme) 5. 4, DATE OF ACCIDENT 2018 3a. UNIT NAME ANO MILITARY ADDRESS (Accounloble Unit) (6-Dig/t Code of Unit Havinp Accident) ORIGINAL a. Dawn c, Dusk [El b . Day 0 O d. Night [!I Infantry 9. a. On Post b. OIi Post 11a. EXACT LOCATION OF ACCIDENT (Detailed enough to locale site) ACCIDENT OCCURRED DURING (Check one) D e. Combat [El b. Non-Combat Easy Gully, Smuggler's Notch Cambridge, VT 05444 11 b. TYPE OF LOCATION 11c. GRID COORDINATES OR LAT/LONG N44 33' 25" won 47' 51 " Fl SECTION B- PERSONNEL INFORMATION 12. NAME (Last. First. Ml) 27. CLASSIFICATION AT TIME OF (b)(6) 14. DOB (YYYYMMDD) (b)(6) 15. GENDER (Check) (b)(6) 16. RANK OR GRADE 17. MOS OR JOB SERIES (!] •. Male Db. Female 18a. ADDRESS SGT ftt 11B Offlc/al Addle$$ for All Mil/tar or Government Personnel) If different then Block 3. add UIC. C CO l-157 INF (WPRBC0) 482 28th Road Grand Junction, CO 8I501 1Sb. For injured Army a.;u..,. or Contrador,, enter home address D D D D D D D D • 19a. DUTY STATUS AT TIME 19b. IF OFF DUTY (if on loai,elpass) OF ACCIDENT (Cl>ecl< one) I 0700 D D D D 21b. COJ,(l'INUOUS WORK wlo SLEEP: 6 22. HRS. SLEEP IN LAST 24: 8 [!I On [My • 0110u1y 20. FLIGHT STATUS 0 Leave Dato From: O Pass Date To: (Check one) 0 a. Yes 21a. TIME BEGAN WORK: ~ b . No 23. DAYS LOSTIRESTRICTrn (n«-d.yof in;ur/) 24. TREATEO IN .. HOspitalized: b. Not Hospitalized: c, Rostncted AdMtv: 0 0 Days EMERGENCY ROOM Deya [El a. 0 Days 0 Yes b. No 251. OSHA 300 Log Case Number. 25b. Name or Physk:lan/Healln Care Provider. ,sc If troatment was given away from wor1flle. Medical Treatment Beyond First A id. Loss of consciousness. needle slick. etc. First A id On~ Person has one-time treatment of rrinor Injury. o lost worlc days.) No Injury. a. 1 m. Puncture Wound Burns (Thermal) n. Hernia, Rupture Amputation 0. Frostbite p, Heat Stroke e. Decompression Sickness Asphyxiation (Suffocation) q. Heat Exhaustion f. Fractures r. g. Dislocation 5. h. Abrasions I. i. Concussion u. J. Sprain/Strain k. Cuts/Lacerations I. Contusion Noise lniurvnllness Needle Stick or Sharo Loss of Consciousness Other (Specify) - ~.~ PAGE 1 OF 5 APD LC vl.00 I SECTION B • PERSONNEL INFORMATION (Continued) (b)(6) 31. Person's action(s) at time of accident (Check one and explain in Block 32.) ~ • D • • • D • D • D • a. Soldiering b. Combat Soldiering c. Physical Training d. Weapons Firing/Handling D D e. Engineering or Construction f. Communications • • • g, Security/Law Enforcement h. Fire Fighting i. Patient Care (People/Animals) J. Test/Study/Experiments • • s. Fabricating • u. Janitorial/Housekeeping/ I. Information and Arts n. Laundry/Dry Cleaning Services 0. Pest/Plant Control p. Operating Vehicle or Vessel r. Maintenance/Repair/Servicing D D k. Educational m. Food and Drug Inspection q. Handling Animal •D • I. Handling Material/Passengers Grounds Keeping V. Food/Drink Preparations W. Supervisory x. Office • • D • y. Counseling/Advisory z. Sports aa. Hobbies bb. Passenger D D D cc. Human m011ement • ff. Personal Hygiene/Food/Drink Consumot1on/Sleeping dd. Horseplay ee. Bystanding/spectating gg. Parachuting (See Instructions DA Pamphlet 385-40) (15) Date graduated basic airborne training (YYYYMMDD) (7) Wind Direction/Speed At (1) Jumper Height Jump Height (2) Jumper Weight (3) Type of Jump (8) Jump Altitude (4) Parachute Type/Model (9) Position in Stick (5) Equipment (10) Door Exited Drop Zone (16) Type of Aircraft (17) Accident factors (parachute): (Explain as necessary) (11) Time pre-jump conducted (12) Date of Last Jump (13) Type of Last Jump (14) Number of previous jumps (6) WI. of Equipment 32. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY/TASK As a student attending the Advanced Military Mountaineer Course at the Army Mountain Warfare School in Jericho, VT; SGT (b)(6) was participating in syllabus training at Easy Gully, Smuggler's Notch Cambridge, VT, when he, two instructors, and three fellow advanced course students were swept up in an avalanche. 33. ON FIELD EXERCISE/NAMED OPERATION • a. Yes IB] • • b. No D D D a. Garrison b. Local training area c. Major training area b. No (Check one) d. NTC e. JRTC r. CMTC • D g. Std. range facility/live fire h, Other (Specify): • D c. D (1) Platoon IRI (2) Crew • (3) Individual On-the-job training D D D YES D D IRI IRI D D D D • • D IRI D IRI IRI D ~ D D D D D • ~ D !RI IRI D !RI d. Other (Specify): a. 0 - 3 months • c. 6 - 9 months D D d. 9 - 12 months ~ b. 3 • 6 months DA FORM 285, FEB 2009 IRI a. Seat belt b. Restraint System C. Goggles/Glasses/Visor d. Glnves e. Ear plugs f. IBA g, Other (Specify): h. Helmet Mtn Boots DOT Approved (If Motorcycle)? YesO e. 1 - 2 years f. More than 2 years g. Never h . Not applicable USED? YES NO No • NO IRI IRI D D IRI • IRI D D D D D D D D • 39c. MSF CERTIFIED 39a. INDIVIDUAL LICENSED 39b. MANDATORY 4 hr TRAFFlC SAFETY TO OPERATE TRAINING VEHICLE/EQUIPMENT? 37. Last time indilli~tl received training prior to accident on activity specified in Block 31? (Check one • C HECK APPROPRIATE BLOCK(S) ~ a. School (Specify): b. UNIT~ AVAILABLE? • 36. Type of training participating in at the time of accident (Check/specify) D IRI 38, REQUIRED PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT NIA TRAINING? ~ a. Yes (If YES, specify name of exercise/operation.) 35. Type of training facility being used D IRI 34. ACTIVITY PART OF TACTICAL D D a. Yes a. Yes ~ b. No ~ b. No If Yes, If Yes, ~ c. NIA Date Date 40. • ID ALCOHOL USE BY THIS INDIVIDUAL CAUSE/CONTRIBUTE TO THIS ACCIDENT? D D a. Yes b. No (C~eck one) (b)(5)a. Yes BAG %: (b)(5)b. No (b)(5)c. Unknown PAGE2 OF 5 APDLC v1 .00 I SECTION B - PERSONNEL INFORMATION (Continued) (b)(6) 41. If drug use by this individual caused/contributed to this accident, check appropriate block. (b)(5) a. Prescription (b)(5) b. illegal (b)(5) C. Over-the-counter (b)(5) d. Supplements (b)(5) e. None le. TYPE: Id. MODEL: 42. Were vision enhancement devices being used? (Check appropriate block.) • • •[8] [8] a. Yes {Specify type/model inc and d.) b. No 43. Standard/Reference covering adivity/task [8] •[8] • a. Soldier's Manual (Task No.) b. CTT (Task No.) c. AR/TM/FM (Specify) ATTP 3-21-50; 3-90.97 ATP d. SOP 44. WAS ACTIVITYITASK PERFORMED IAW STANDARD/REFERENCE? (b)(5) a. Yes (b)(5)b. No e. Federal/Slate Law r. Other (Specify): AMMC Winter Student Handout; ATP 45. DID INDIVIDUAL MAKE A MISTAKE? /Check one) (b)(5) a. Yes (b)(5) 5-19 g. None (Go to Block 45.) (Checkor,e) b. No (b)(5) 46. What was the mistake? How was the activity/task performed incorredly? {Explain below.) (b)(5) 4 7. Why was mistake made/adivity performed incorrectly? (Check all that apply.) • • • • • • • • • • a. Inadequate school training b. Inadequate unit training c. • • • • • • • • • • /content/amount) (contenl/amounl) Inadequate on-the-job training d, Fear/excitemenUanger e. Overconfident in own/others abilities/comolacent f. In a hurry 48. Time licensed on this vehide •. • • g. Poor/bad attitude/indiscipline h. Lack or rest/sleep i. Effects of alcohol/drugs/illness a. Less than one year b. One to two years c. Over two years d. Unlicensed n. Improper supervision o. Other /Speafy In narrative) k. Inadequate services I. Improper equipment design 50a. Total time in unit (Check one) • • • a. Less than 1,000 miles b. 1,000 - 5,000 miles c. 5,000. 10,000 miles Less than 6 months 6 months • 1 year Over one year soc. Date of redeployment from combat zone, if applicable (YYYYMMODJ 50b.- Date Assigned/liired /YYYYMMODJ d. Over 10,000 miles 51. WHICH ITEM FROM SECTION C APPLIES TO THE INDIVIDUAL NAMED IN BLOCK 12? (This is needed in order to relate the person in Block 12 to the equipment/Vehicle below.) [E) Item A [E) Item B [E) Item C [E) (AR. TM, SOP) j . Inadequate facilities 49. Total AMV driving mileage (Ched031-034-VIZ003-00 6-00 9- 0 lc >Ol 9-l5 193 0Sou:heaater n St. Lawrence-Southern franklin-fteatern Clint c n~ e3 t ern Essex-Crlean~-La.mo1:le-Wa3 h 1.ngt ~n- Ea3tern !ranklin- Eaatern Chittende n-Eastern ~ddia on-Eastern RutlandIn:::luding the ci ties o f St:a:: Lake , Saran ac Lalce, Tupper Laice, Danne.'tK>ra, Lake Pla cid , Ne--part , Jonnscn, Stcwe, M~ ntte lier, Enc aburq :all s, Ri ch f ord, Underhill, Brist ~ l, Ript:c n, East wa l lingford, and K~lli.nqt:~n 323 PH EDT 'Ned Mar H 2 0 1~ .•. Increased Risk for Av a l ar. ches ir. the N:r th C:untry .•. Re c ent heavy anowfa l: comb1 :1e~ wi.th pre·;i:ua ·..;arm ups have crea:,ed t he p otential for aval a nches in ~he ex~~sect b~ck ccun try ct :-he Green Mountains in Vermo nt. and the ~d.ir=·ndack:, in n c rtr1ern Hew Yc rlc. Sev eral smal l a v a l a nches have al=ead:; been repcn:.ed. Outdo•c r ent:hu:,i a:,t:3 head::.ng int o the ba:;k countr y thrcuqh -;he upcoming ·.;eelcen d need t o be aware o ! r:.l".e a·; alan::::.he d:inger and -::-ie a:,:,o ciated r1:,k:, involved. Steep, open 31:pes will ha ve the hiqhe:,t pot: encial a v alanche r:..:1k . I t you QC into the back countr:,· c ! the .\dir:m dac lca Hc•untain., e r Green. Mountain:, t c snow .:1ho e, .:1k:., :.ce climb , be :i,;-;;:.re •= ! the avalanche danger and cake the ap~ropria t e precau-:i cna . == Avcid avalanche ~r one area~ s~ch as s teep, unstab le s lcpe.:1 , including vulnerable locati ons at. the c ott:m : ! :,teet terrai n . :r 5kiinq, h.ilnng , or 3no"'1 sho ei:-.q .:!ta:,· on marked trail s and a v :,ict exposed, open slope3. Monitor .a nnounc ements f rom :.ocal ::,r .:rtate ::,f::ici3. l9 ,a c:u'.:. -;he p o ~aibl~ ri~k cf avalanche~. ss TRAINING SCHEDULE Army Mount.air, Warfare School Advanced Military Mountaineer Course 071 - 8 Mountain School Road Jericho, VT 05465 F1 (WIN) NOTES: Sick Call: Aid Station 0630-0700 ARTEP: N/A DATE: 2 Mar 18 FROM: 3-16 Mar 18 Supply: See Instructor 11 MRE's, 4 CWR. Total Per Soldier (10) Lift Tickets for Cochrans 14 Pax Van on Notch days Perso,nnel of this . NAME AND GRADE OF APPROVING SIGNAT RE AND DATE: organization are hereby OFFICER: ordered, subject to Ci"/'-\,. 0' (b)(6) (b)(6) CPT, IN, TRAINING appropriate provisions of DIVISION OIC law and regulations to NAME AND GRADE OF UNIT COMMANDER: SIGNATURE AND DATE: attend the Training Assemblies scheduled (b)(6) , LTC, IN, COMMANDING (b)(6) herein 0 1 F€.g i t AGO VT FORM 350-3, 01 MAR 87 TRAINING SCHEDULE WHEN 1230-1730 1600-1730 1730-1830 Notes: ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho, VT 05465. WHO WHAT WHERE TRAINER All All All RM 130 RM 114 DFAC S3 071-FAFAA002 S4 071-FAFAA002 DFAC Manager AR 30-22 Sii:in-in Supply Issue Dinner AGO VT FORM 350-3, 01 MAR 87 Day 1, Saturday REFERENCE Page 2 of 15 Pages REMARKS/UNIFORM TRAINING SCHEDULE WHEN ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho, VT 05465 WHAT WHO 0630-0730 All 0730-0800 All 0800-0830 All 0830-0900 All 0900-1200 All 1200-1300 All 1300°1500 All 1500-1730 All 1730-1830 All Notes: Breakfast In-processing (Basic Knot Test, Retrain , Retest) ln-Processinir In-Brief Role of the Level II Mountaineer Advanced Mountain Equipment (Issue/Adjustment) Lunch Climbing Techniques (Low Angle Snow/Ice Climbina Review) Advanced Belay Techniaues Dinner AGO VT FORM 350-3, 01 MAR 87 Page 3 of 15 Pages Day 2, Sunday WHERE TRAINER DFAC Manaqer DFAC Classroom 3 Cadre Classroom 3 Cadre Classroom 3 Cadre Classroom 3 Cadre REFERENCE REMARKS/LIN IFORM .. AR 30-22 ACUs 07 1-FAFAA002 071-FAFAA002 071-FAFCC001 DFAC OFAC Manaaer Vic. Ice Wall Cadre 071-FAFAA002 AR 30-22 071 -FAFDC007 ECWCS Gen 3 Drill Hall DFAC 071-FAFCB002 AR 30-22 Cadre DFAC Manaaer TRAINING SCHEDULE WHEN ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho VT 05465 WHO WHAT 0630-0730 All 0730-1200 All 1200-1300 1300-1600 1600-1730 1730-1830 Notes: A ll A ll All . All A ll All WHERE DFAC Breakfast Rappelling in Mountainous Terrain (Rappel Ice Wall Review) Ice Wall Adv. Anchor Con,struction Advanced Climbing Techniques (Intro to Lead Ice Wall VicAMWS lunch (MRE) Ice Wall Area Advanced Fixed Ropes Advanced Avalanche Awareness and Rescue Classroom 3 DFAC Dinner AGO VT FORM 350-3, 01 MAR 87 .Page 4 of 15 Pages Day 3, Monday TRAINER · REFERENCE REMARKS/UNIFORM DFAC Manaqer AR 30-22 071 -FAFDC007 ECWCS Gen 3, plastic boots, mtn Cadre equipment Cadre 071-FAFDB001 071-FAFAC013 Cadre Cadre 071-FAFCC005 071-FAFDC007 Cadre DFAC Manaqer AR 30-22 WHEi\f ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho, VT 05465 WHO WHAT 0630-0730 0730-0900 All All TRAINING SCHEDULE - 0900-1030 1030-1200 All All 1200-1300 1300-1730 1730-1830 Notes: All All All Day 4, Tuesday WHERE TRAINER REFERENCE Page 5 of 15 Pages REMARKS/UNIFORM OFAC Manaqer AR 30-22 071-FAFDB007 ECWCS Gen 3, plastic Cadre boots, ski + avalanche equip 071-FAFDC007 Cadre Advanced Avalanche Awareness and Rescue (PE) Ski Slooe Cad re Advanced Fixed Ropes (Rope Ascending 071-FAFCC00S Ice Wall Area Techniques) vicAMWS. Lunch (MRE) 071-FAFCB006 Advanced Haulinq and LoWerina Classroom 3 Cadre DFAC DFAC Manaaer AR 30-22 Dinner Breakfast Skiing Techniques (Nordic) AGO VT FORM 350-3 01. MAR 87 DFAC vicAMWS WHEN ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho VT 05465 WMO WHAT 0630-0730 0730-0900 All All 1000-1200 1200-1300 1300-1400 All All All TRAfN!NG SCHEDULE Breakfast . Advanced Belay Techniques (belay transitions w/autolockinq device) Training Site Management Lunch (MRE) Training Site Management (TR Set Up) Day 5 Wednesday REFERENC:: WMERE tRAli\tER DFAC Drill Hall DFAC Manager AR 30-22 Cadre 071-FAFCB002 Classroom 3 VicAMWS Ice Wall Cadre 071-FAFCC002 Cadre 071-FAFCC002 ECWCS Gen 3, plastic boots , mtn., avalanche and ski equip. 071-FAFCB006 071-FAFC8006 , 071-FAFDC007 .• 1400-1500 1500-1600 1600-1730 All All All 1730-1830 Notes: All Advanced Lowerinq (knot pass) P.E. Advanced Haulinq P.E. Advanced Climbing Techniques (ice climbinq TR) Dinner AGO VT FORM 350-3 01 MAR 87 Page 7 of 15 Pages Ice Wall Ice Wall Ice Wall Cadre Cadre Cadre DFAC DFAC Manaqer AR 30-22 REMARKS/UNIFORM TRPJNING SCHEDULE WHEN ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho VT 05465 WMO WHAT iifu'!-L:.:RE 0630-0730 0730-0930 All All Breakfast Bivouac Prep 0930-1000 /\II Vehicle Movement 1000-1600 1600-1630 1730-1 830 Notes: All All All SkiinQ Techniques (nordic/aloine) Vehicle Movement Dinner AGO VT FORM 350-3 01 MAR 87 Day 6, Thursday DFAC VicAMWS En Route to ~et, ra r,s<;~ 'J ':. - Cocb~iii1R5 S~':J) En Route to AMWS DFAC iTF.J'-' Ot')o- 1630 I Oti - n ·J(:) \lc..~\_....11t<-\ ~""'"\ C,tr,.,,61 Tcl,hnf\vl-~ V c.hivk T -~ \ ALTERNATE SCHEDULE Page 11 of 15 Pages IAR WHEN ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho, VT 05465 WHO WHAT 0630-0720 0730-0830 All All Breakfast Vehicle Movement 0830-0900 All Ski Mov_e ment (Nordic) 0900-1600 1600-1700 1700-1800 All All All 1800-1900 1900-2400 All All Advanced Fixed Ropes Smuaalers Notch Ski Techiaues (Skijourinq) Smunnlers Notch Study Hall: Glacier Travel (Crevasse Rescue .Smugglers Notch Review) Dinner Smuqqlers Notch Advanced Small Unit Bivouac Operations Smugglers Notch Notes: AGO VT FORM 350-3 01 MAR 87 Day 11, Tuesday WHERE TRAINER DFAC En Route to Smuqqlers Notch Smugglers Notch DFAC Manaoer Page 12 of 15 Pages REMARKS/UNIFORM Student sleds in truck. Van returns toAMWS ECWCS Gen 3, plastic boots, mtn/ski/bivouac equip. (b)(6) (b)(6) (b)(6) IAR WHEN WHO ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho VT 05465 WHAT Day 12, Wednesday WHERE Page 13 of 15 Pages TRAINER REMARKS/UNIFORM - 2400-0700 0700-0830 0830-1 000 All All All 1000-1100 1100-1200 1300-1730 1730-1830 1830-2400 All All All All All Advanced Small Unit Bivouac Operations Breakfast Glacier Travel (Crevasse Rescue Test) Advanced Avalanche Awareness and Rescue (Tranciever Test, Retrain, Retest) Advanced Climbino/Rappellino (Test) Advanced Fixed Ropes (SUMO Prep:fixed rope/rappel) Dinner Advanced Small Unit Bivouac Operations AGO VT FORM 350-3, 01 MAR 87 Smuoolers Notch Smuqqlers Notch Smuaalers Notch Smuaalers Smuaalers Smugqlers Smuaalers Smuaalers Notch Notch Notch Notch Notch (b)(6) (b)(6) (b)(6) (b)(6) IAR WHEN ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho VT 05465 WHO WHAT Advan~ed Small Unit Bivouac Operations Breakfast Training Site Management (SUMO Fixed Rope Movement) Ski Movement (Nordic) 1530-1600 All Vehicle Movement 1600-1700 All Personal Time 1700-1730 All Dinner 1730-1830 All Eouipment/Drvinq/Maintenance 1830-TBD All Notes: AMMC Studs will return on BMMC bus ·- 2400-0630 0630-0730 0730-1530 All All All AGO VT FORM 350-3 01 MAR 87 Day 13, Thursday WHERE Smuqqlers Notch Smuaalers Notch Smugg lers Notch Smuaalers Notch En Route l o AMWS Barracks DFAC Vic. AMWS TRAINER Page ·14 of 15 Pages REMARKS/UNIFORM (b)(6) (b)(6) All TBD BMMC Bus Student Leaders DFAC Manaoer Student Leaders . IAR WHEN 0630-0730 0730-0800 0800-UTC 1100-1200 1200-1300 1300-1330 1330-UTC WHERE All All All All All All All All DFAC Manaqer DFAC S4 Classroom 3 Classroom 3 . OFAC Manaoer DFAC CPT DFAC (b)(6) DFAC CPT Flac:ipole S4 Breakfast S-4 Supplv Turn In AMMC Equipment Turn In Counselinq / 1059 Review/ Critiques Lunch Prep for Graduation / Rehearsal Graduation Vehicle Movement to Airport AGO VT FORM 350-3, 01 MAR 87 Page 15 of 15 Pages Day 14, Friday ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho VT 05465 WHO WHAT TRAINER REMARKS/UNIFORM ACU ~- 1TP...AINING ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho VT 05465 SCHEDULE 'NHEN jWHO WHAT 0630-0730 All All ·--·-0730-1630 ,1730-1830 1830-TBD Notes: All All ___ ______ ...,,. l~eakfast All remaininQ testinQ Equioment Dryinq/Maintenance · Movie Dinner Equioment/Drvinq/Maintenance AGO VT FORI\II 350-3 01 MAR 87 ... -..,..... Day 13, Thursday Page 14 of 15 Pages :·:-£[ ~[:~[: . ............. .DFAC -···--- -·-· AMW S AWWS Ciassroom 3 DFAC Vic. AMWS --rr~J~,IER . REFERENCE ... -·· Cadre Cadre Cadre DFAC Manager AR 30-22 Student Leaders 071-FAFAA002 REMARl{S/UNIFORM ;:-J1.JfW,lG SCHEDULE •t!~· :E~J -·· ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 Mountain School Road Jericho VT 05465 WHAT WHO Day 14, Fr1d2.y WHERE 0630-0730 _ IAII _____ JBreall,l?~A~ RISK LEVEL.: _'!1~./!) Deadfall or falling trees L Loss of communication M Equipment malfunction or failure M M Use established training areas that How: are regularly maintained to decrease Site maintenance, training schedule hazard Ire~ occurrence Who: Cadre, Training Div OIC/NCO!C Instructors travel with redundant communication assets L How: AMMC comma plan Who: Cadre L Conduct PMCS of all equipment serviceability before, during, and after course How: SOP, PCI/PCC Who: Cadre, student squad leaders Inspect anchor systems, tie-ins, and other critical components prior to student use How: PC!/PCCs Who: Cadre L L How: Who: L · How: Who: L How: Who: L How: Who: How: Who: How: Who: How: Who: How: Who: How: Who: How: Who: DD FORM 2977, JAN 2014 Page __ of __ Pages .---·- - -0 - -- - · I DELIBERATE RISK ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET 2. DATE {DDIMMIYYYYJ 1. MISSIONfTASK DESCRIPTION 02/05/2018 Advanced Military Mountaineering Course (Winter) 3. PREPARED BY c. Duty TiUe/Position b. Rank/Grade a. Name (Last, First, Middle Initial) MSG (b)(6) e. Work d. Unit AMWS f. Telephone (DSN/Commercial {Include Area Code)) Email mil@mail.mil (b)(6) (b)(6) h. Training Support/Lesson Plan or OPORD (as required} i. Signature of Preparer g. UIC/CIN (as required) 7W5AA (b)(6) Training at Heigbt (see addt'l guidance) (2) Assess the hazards Five steps of Risk Management: (1) Identify the hazards Equipment / Anchor/ System Failure (3) Develop controls & make decisions (5) Supervise and evaluate (4) Implement controls Climbing, rappelling, and working at height near edges Training Division NCOIC (Step numbers no/ equal to numbered items on fann) - Conduct PMCS ofall equipment serviceability before and after course M How: Pre- and post-course inspection L Who: Cadre, S4 supply personnel How: - Jnspcct anchor systems, tic-ins, and other critical components prior Checks prior to training execution to student use Who: Cadre - Use redundant systems to prevent How: Instruction on system construction single points of fail= Who: Cadre - Instructors trained to a technical How: level that exceeds the requirements Cad(e development plan of the AMMC POI Who: Cadre M M M Human error due to laclc of instruction or attention (cadre or students) L L L How: Sustainment plan, training schedule Who: Cadre, S4, DFAC manager 11.=-.,:..~ .~ .•,. 1,• 1-..-:-,~.}- ..- -~· .._ ... .( ,. . .. . , • _/•:_;..,,. it~~~A~~r~u~h 9.~.~~ P.! ,o~tded,Ol'J_P~9_e,2,;; '• ·•,,-· ... •. :.,;r:r;:..:J-.;~ r..:~;~-:\~:;11·~~~ .1.1~a:!"(:r'-••·7'1.f•t.d·1.;..;t,1b- .'Llv•1: ....,::'.• ,.I., ,.-:..·.•:1i. 1 -;,;~fim~;,~...,"r1....~.~~1!!$!,".~!,~!lt~\~,...f~[ t.,r,:i•.,i.r-:·;.''.~i?:;,.i;l. -~~1.;;-~ ·--,~--~\...: ..... - Students provided with 8 hours of rest between training events, three meals per day, and continuous . access to water supply L L . : ,.,. ;: , , ·:... . , , :, . 10. OVERALL .RESIDU AL RISK LEVEL (All controls implemented): 0 EXTREMELY HIGH • HIGH 0 Low IZ!MEDIUM 11. OVERALL SUPERVISION PLAN AND RECOMMENDED COURSE OF ACTION All activities included in this DRAW involve leaving the ground while suspended on a rope, working near edges, and any other activity that occurs at height where a fall is the primary hazard. Cadre will work in teams IAW the approved ISR to ensure full coverage of student activities and double-checking of instructor setup. Training Division OIC and NCOIC will spot check once per course during training events that o ccur at height to ensure risk management plan is implemented. Add'tl Guidance cont'd: High Angle Resc. 071 -FAFCD00I, Rappel Techniques 071-FAFAC0J3/FAFCB004, Training Site Mgmt 071-FAFCC002 12. APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL OF MISSION OR TASK ~ ame {Last, First Middle Initial) (b)(6) b. Rank/Grade LTC IZJ APPROVE • c. Duty Title/Position Commander DISAPPROVE d. Sig (b)(6) e. Additional Guidance:· This DRAW covers classes: Advanced Hauling and Lowering 071-FAFCB006, Advanced Belay Techniques 071-FAFCB002, Advanced Climbing Techniques 071-FAFDC007, Advanced Fixed Ropes 071-FAFC COO5, Glacier Travel and Crevasse Rescue 071-FAFCC008, DD FORM 2977, JAN 2014 Page 1 of _ _ Pages Adobe Professional X 0 () DELIBERATE RISK ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET . Cadre, student squad leaders L • Cadre provided with adequate rest How: and instructor support to maintain Instructor Assignment Roster alertness and maintain proper ISR Who: Tmg Div OIC/NCOIC M Edges marked and roped off, students and cadre anchored when working within a body's length of an edge How: SOP, site reco1\, deliberate marking Who: Cadre Training site base areas and belay stances situated away from fall Iinc of objects How: SOP, Training s ite management plan · Edge safety on vertical drops . Falling Objects (ice, rock, equipment} M M M Leader full while conducting lead climbing operations H Who: Cadre, Training Div OIC/NCOIC Students and cadre wear PPE (ACH How: or climbing helmet) at all times SOP, PCI/PCC when within !he fall radius ofa base Who: area Cadre, student squad leaders Students and cadre trained to alert others offal ling object by calling How: Class instruction, safety brief •rock11 or "ice" Who: L L L L Training site cleanup occurs prior to How: and after the course Training Calendar Who: Training Div OIC/NCOIC How: Instruction on lead climbing L techniques and conducting belayed mock leads prior to true leading M Wear proper PPE (helmet) Classroom instruction, POI Who: Cadre How: SOP, safety brief H M Who: Cadre H L Proper training site selection to ensure that iflead falls occur, there is minimal fall distance and snagging hazard How: Site_recon, training plan Who: M Training Div OIC/NCOIC, cadre How: Who: How: Who: How: Who: How: Who: DD FORM 2977, JAN 2014 Page _ _ of _ _ Pages .. - DELIBERATE RISK ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET 2. DATE (ODIMM/YYYY) 1. MISSIONfTASK DESCRIPTION 02/05/2018 Advanced Military Mountaineering Course (Winter) J. PREPARED BY c. Duty TlUe/PositJon b. Rank/Grade a._ Name (Last. First, Middle Initial) Training Division NCOIC MSG (b)(6) e. d. Unit · f. Telephone (OSN/Commercial (Include Area Code)) Work Email mil@mail.mil (b)(6) AMWS (5) Supervise and evaluate (4) Implement controls ·.· :.:!..:!-t~~~}.ffit¥ffe~;;;f{~. '4; SUBJASK/SUBSTEp: • - . ... •~•,,.: ,, .... ...?,j, •.i,.-... ~ ·<·._;·•(·9-F:..:~,~J-:'f.~;;?J~~~tl.:i/ ~}~~,!g~(/;t}~'.,'{ Mow1tain Bivouac, SUMO, and PE (3) Develop controls & make decisions (2) Assess the hazards Five steps of Risk Management: (1) Identify the hazards . (b)(6) Winter Practical Exercise/ Fixed Rope _E stab. 7W5AA ~~ (b)(6) h. Training Support/Lesson Plan or OPORD (as required) ;_ Signature of Preparer g. UIC/CIN (as required) (Step numbers not equal to numbered items on form) i ~i w ; ~ ~i f 1j\ i lf ~1;~~1{~r lfj:~~~i~If}t~tt:lil~~:/ i~~~~~ij: lltlt~Cdi! l~~-;t:;~{tl~!;~:!-t.~)i::1f}•J:-1:·:·~\~ ,•·_j~--r~·- ·,.1~ti.,r:r:~~·~ fffil~~: 1 .- .;J. 8:'". HOW-TO IMPlEMENT/.. -. -~. i:--.i1•:·1,.,,_rs r-,:..-~1+.·jJ:-.•)~ !•lJ,..c-. r. ~ "''1 ! • .ft,;, ~l1(i~·11;1:s\t?t~~i;-:·fl:~r~-;-~-~~,&~rr!~~i Extreme Weather/ Severe Winds M Review weather prior to training and ensure plan is supportable given current weather, complete daily risk e.ssessment M Cadre conduct PC! of clothing worn and follow packing list. Temporary halt training and/or move to shelter as needed !t I'!:•~•: RISK LEVEL ..·!~-;.:_~~- ..; -~..:, ·_.-. ... ' _ How: Weather checks, Cadre meetings L Who: Cadre, Training Div OIC/NCOIC How: PCI/PCC, timeline L Who: Cadre, student squad leaders Wear of all PPE to include covering exposed skin and sun screen as needed. M .. ..:~•~,:;;•.-:- l. 9. RESIDUAL Hbw: PCI/PCC L Who: Cadre, student squad leaders Tent Fire, carbon monoxide and Stove malfunctions Fire Guard at all times with hourly physical checks with cadre CQ H How: Safety brief, Exercise plan M Who: Cadre. OIC/NCOIC, CQ. SLs No stoves or open flames allowed in AMMC student tents H How: Safety brief. classes Who: Cadre, OIC/NCOIC, CQ, SLs ,;-:'. ·i:·1., -1..!. -•\;J.;.i. - ~")...~i!-~}f:~;t.{.:-uf;•~t;::..~...'tf\!''" !1t="' 'l"'-..: -,,n•:t':+., t:.).~~.,,i'..,µ~1}~'.li?' .. ~:.,.:!-: ·•FJ\ •i .•· , ..~!I"',: ...~-~; · •'!!••ts..·11 · , • .,l'Y• ~ ~'='!','lt·. :'1·":. ".:--,· ,•1 ; ~: '"'i•· ... ·~• •• ..._J,--• ~· !-'( :. , ,.1:... ~ ,•. ;.. \•. - :. , ; (·¢:.;~:·-r.;}?ir~t~B'.,-_~, ;~-r~:.~~-~1tf~t~Jij~,t,~}11>"!,-~~~~~8.fl.c!J !~l!...~ for •~~?.i1-~--~ Y.'.r~~~.'1..~:~t!Jl~Vid_f~. 1 Month Training Complexity Extreme Moderate Routine Simple Factor Prepared By: Factor A B C D 4 3 2 1 1' Total Items Circled In ~., Column ~ Points Factor Per Item t- > 12 hrs 12 - 8 hrs 4 -8 hrs Never Used Not Established Minimal Usage Established Moving Both Static Severly Restricted Restricted Adequate Optimum CLASS IVN CLASS Ill CLASS II CLASS I Falling Object Hazards Significant Moderate Minimal None Cadre Presence (Ratio) Severely Below Ratio Slightly Below Ratio Ratio Above Ratio Combined Cadre Experience < 3yrs 3 - 6 yrs 6 - 9 yrs >10yn Medical Support None CLS/WFR WEMT Medic Visibility Severely Degraded Degraded Fair Optimum Weather Severe Training Duration 2 -4 hrs Points Per Column (Items It,_ circle times points per "· column) r ·_ Training Site Mobility Trafficability Terrain Type '-,,II ' il Total Points ~ ";: Risk Level '- Approval Authority Extreme > 51 Pts High 41 -50 Pts RTI CDR AMWSCDR Moderate 31-40 Pts TNG OIC or NCOIC Low < 30 Pts Pl/ Al Verified By (Print & Sign): Storm Warning Stonn Watch Minimal / None CategoryV Category IV Category Ill Category II or less Cold (w/ Wlndchill) > -40 F -39 to -20 -19 to -1 >O Rest Previous 24 hrs < 2 hrs 2-4hn 4 • 7 hrs > 7 hrs Equipment Condition Poor Marginal Adequate Excellent Heat (if needed) INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF THIS CHECKLIST: This checklist addresses conditions which may change between the planning stage of the operation I training and the execution phase. It also · addresses operations / training which are conducted on a repetitive basis. This checklist should be completed by the Pl conducting the training. It should be updated if conditions change. Circle the appropriate condition or situation for each factor. Total the circles in each column and enter the number in the space provided above. Multiply the total circles times the point factor for each colum ~ and enter in the space provided. Add the total points for each column and circle the appropriate risk -.ii level and have signed by the appropriate authority. If risk exceeds CRM, contact Training NCOIC and OIC for further guidance. • ' ... PP 154-159 REDACT PII ONLY CHAPTER 20_. SAFETY SOP l. PURPOSE This SOP prescribes the ~olicy for the implementation of the AMWS Safety Program in compliance with the 1241 RTI, VTARNG, NOB, TRADOC and DA safety requirements. 2. REFERENCES a. AR385-10 The Army Safety Program b. AR 600-55 The Army Driver and Operator Standardization Program c. DA PAM 385-l Small Unit Safety Officer / NCO Guide d. DA PAM 385-10 Army Safety Program e. DA PAM 385-30 Mishap Risk Management f. DA PAM 385-63 Range Safety g. TRADOC PAM 385-1 The TRADOC Model Safety Program and Self Assessment Guide h. NOR 385-1 O_Army National Guard Safety Program 1. NOR 385-64 Army National Guard Ammunition and Explosives Safety Standards j. FM 5-19 Composite Risk management 3. OBJECTIVES The objective of the AMWS Safety Program is to enable AMWS instructors to provide current, realistic and relevant training to students in a safe manner. This is accomplished by properly trained instructors conducting appropriate and effective risk analys is and risk mitigation. 4. RESPONSIBILITIES a. Commander: (I) The AMWS Commander is responsible for the safety and well being of all students and assigned personnel. (2) The Commander shall appoint in writing a Unit Safety Officer and Unit Safety NCO · that will act as his/her representatives/managers of his/her safety program that ensures the AMWS continues to provide realistic but safe training (these assigned indiv iduals will also act as the Facility Safety Officer and NCO). Army Mountain Warfare School 2013 Standard Operating Procedures 161 •· 5. RISK MANAGEME~T a. The best measures for risk management and mitigation will continue to be well trained and experienced unit members. Due to the normal hazards of mountaineering and sometimes particular training requests, AMWS will strive to provide as many training opportunities to . • increase unit member skills. This is accomplished through a combination of military I civilian courses and operating in unique environments which provide abilities to better assess and mitigate risks. b. Signature authority for Composite Risk Management Worksheets is: Low - Training Division Chief; Moderate -:-AMWS Commander; High - 124 th RTI Commander; Extremely High - VTARNG Land Component Commander. c. Training Division will complete a DA 7566 Composite Risk Management Worksheet (CRM) for each training event being conducted regardless whether it is a cadre training event or when providing training to others. All CRMs are completed and signed by the appropriate signature authority. Once CRMs are signed, a copy is posted in the Operations Section and onsite at the training area. • d. CRMs for common tasks are dated for the course season (i.e. 20130401 - 20131031) . . This reduces the need to continually print CRMs for common events where risks assessments do not change. Training Division and Operations wi[( evaluate daily hazards (i.e. changing weather conditions) and modify CRMs and/or training as needed to mitigate risks. e. Primary Instructors (PI) are required to carry copies of CRMs for all scheduled training. During courses, Pis will complete the AMWS Daily Risk Assessment Checklist at the training site. [f the PI assessment is higher than the written CRM, he/she will place a call back to Operations for further guidance. 6. FIRE SAFETY AND EVACUATION a. All AMWS personnel are familiar with the evacuation plan posted in all offices and classrooms throughout the building and w\11 execute IA W post.e d plan in event of fire or fire drill. b. Unit members will control the orderly evacuation of the building if students are present and will account for all students through Training Division Chief or NCO IC immediately upon · reaching the designated rally points. c. No attempts are made to retain/carry personal or issue belongings out of the building. d. Medics will split up where feasible to have coverage in all rally points as necessary. e. No one will reenter the building until authorized by the Commander or his delegated representative. Army Mountain Warfare Schoof 2013 Standard Operating Procedures 163 - . c. See the Angle Range SOP for additional information. 10. TENT AND STOVE SAFETY The following practices are followed using tents and stoves: a. There is no smoking at any time inside any tent. b. The tent commander will assign a cadre member in charge of personnel who are performing fire watch duties . . c. While performing fire watch, the student is dressed, to include foot gear and positioned next to the SHA to control the fueJ valve utilize a fire extinguisher. d. Prior to starting fire watch and during heavy snowstorms, the fire watch will conduct an inspection of the outside of the tent to ensure that there is no buildup of snow/ice on the tent and the ten guy lines and fuel can is secure. e. Ensure all vent holes on top of the tent are open. f. Ensure that tent flaps are free of ice and packed snow or other obstructions that would hinder or prevent a student's ability to roll out in even of a fire. Army Mountain Wa,fare fichool 2013 Standard Operating Procedures 165 .. ,.. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY ARMY MOUNTAIN WARFARE SCHOOL 8 MOUNTAIN SCHOOL ROAD JERICHO VERMONT os,&5 NGVf-MWS-Z 01 October 2017 MEMORANDUM FOR Army Mountain Warfare Personnel SUBJECT: Commander's Philosophy and Guidance 1. Philosophy - the golden rules of operating a productive, professional and effective Army organization a. Treat others as you would like to be treated. b. Good organizations do the routine things routinely. Great organization habitually do the routine things well. It builds personal and organizational equity necessary to do non-standard events. c. Bad news does not get better with age. Addressing problems early frequently provides more solutions. d. Mistakes occur in any organization. The response should not be affixing blame, but rather addressing the immediate problem and establishing preventive actions. e. Project the image of the professional Soldier at all times. You may be the only example someone remembers, ensure it's a good one. f. Respect each other, the team and the organization. We all need support. Alienating any portion of your team or organization reduces effectiveness and negatively impacts personal relationships needed to succeed. g. Take respons.ibility for yourself and your job. 2. Idioms I live by: a. I do not like surprises. I'd rather know all the information up front, good or bad than learn later it was hidden from me. b. Show me someone who doesn't make mistakes and I'll show you someone who doesn't do anything. · c. I value hard work and honesty. Skills can be taught, but effort and integrity are usually a greater indication of future success. NGVT-MWS-Z SUBJECT: Commander's Philosophy and Guidance expect everyone in the organization to conduct themselves in a safe manner both on and off duty. f. Finally, it is very simple, Do your duty with integrity and respect for all. If you follow that simple formula we will be a successful team regardless of the challenges or setbacks. 4. Guidance to Training Division: a. Organizationally, prioritize the execution of the ARPRINT. It is the sole reason we exist as a school house. It is imperative we do not lose focus of its importance. However, do not rest on the current program of instruction. Continually search out opportunities to improve, either what we teach or how we teach it. You may start to look at taking the next step from teaching individual skills to collective training. However, limit that to identifying perceived shortfalls, possible training locations and opportunities for the 86th IBCT. Remember, a successful organization is continually learning and evolving. We are a customer based organization and we will always strive to project not only professionalism with every interaction, but will ensure we embody the Army standard in word, deed and appearance. b. Individually, exploit opportunities to expand the capabilities and experiences of our junior cadre. In the next several years a drain of knowledge and experience will leave this school. It is imperative we continue to build senior instructors while we still have mentors to help guide them. Encourage junior cadre to expand their overall military capabilities. It is true that our cadre are invaluable to us at the school. However, their value as VTARNG Soldiers is limited if they do not learn or experience other skills beyond mountain instructing. Expanding their skills and experience will greatly improve their career prospects and give the school more well-rounded instructors in the future. 5. Guidance to Operations: a. We are not a standalone entity. Whether it is the higher headquarters, Range Control, the Infantry School, COCOMs or a supported unit they all have requirements. It is imperative we recognize those requirements and promote relationships built on mutual trust and communication. Although there will be times when we must ask for an exception to a policy or a timeline, it should be the exception rather than the rule. b. We will build trust by communicating eariy and providing required items properly completed and in a timely manner. We will follow the standards whether reporting routinely to the RTI or administering ATRRS. If there is ambiguity either seek guidance or err on the side of the "right way" to do it. When we do not follow the appropriate procedures or standards, we in essence create new ones, usually at the expense of personal or organizational capital. · . NGVT-MWS-Z SUBJECT: Commander's Philosophy and Guidance e. Maintain School House of Excellent during TY18 Accreditation 9. End State: The school conducts ARPRINT courses in 11 of 12 months. It's staff has a well-rounded balanced home life and work requirement. We remain relevant within the Army and internationally. The AMWS remains the sole producer of the SQI "E" POI and identifier. 10. Command initiatives: a. Maintaining the AMWS as the sole trainer of the SQI "E" b. Foster relationships to provide varied training opportunities to AMWS Cadre and 86th IBCT (MTN) c. Ensure adequate resourcing for the school d. Establish funding stream for Active duty Soldiers to attend the school (b)(6) LTC, IN Commanding 2018 AMWS Commander's CCIR • Safety: Injury/death/serious incident of a student or AMWS cadre Lost/missing student * * Injury/death/serious incident of an immediate family member of an AMWS cadre Accident involving AMWS personnel, equipment, faculties, vehicles and/or civilians Accident involving civilian Re-assessment of a CRM resulting in a "medium" or higher residual risk rating • Mission Execution: Request for AMWS support to a homeland security mission * Adjustment to a training schedule that affects POI standards Incident that impacts accreditation standards Student drops from a course (by unit and component) • Public Relations: - Visit to the AMWS by a VIP (05+ or civilian equivalent) - Media coverage of the AMWS or its cadre (positive or negative) Immediately contact the Commander/lSG if any CCIR occurs. Contact the S3 if the Commander is not reachable. * Denotes wake-up criteria (i.e. alert the Commander regardless of time of day). 124 1h REGIME LAFAYETTE B 789 VERMONT NATION COLCHESTER, VERM T (RTI) ILDING L GUARD ROAD iNT 05446-3099 NGVT-RTl-Z 18 June 2016 MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD SUBJECT: Risk Assessment Delegation Policy (PL 020) I. Reference: TRADOC Regulation 385-2, U.S. ARMY RAINING AND DOCTRINE COMMAND SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROGRA 2. The Risk Decision A·uthority for the 124 th Regiment w II reside with the following: a. Extremely high-risk: VTARNG Land Component Co mander or other General Officer. b. High-risk: Colonel (Regimental Commander). c. Medium-risk: Lieutenant Colonel (Battalion Cornman er). d. Low-risk: Captain (Company Commander). 3. Unit Commander will utilize Block 13 of the deliberat risk assessment worksheet (ORA W-DD2977) to ensure risk tolerance levels comply with enviromnent1' conditions. 4. This applies to all training areas located within Vermort, to include anywhere in the vicinity of the Ammunition Supply Point located on Ethan Allen Air F rce Base (Camp Johnson). 5. Point of contact for this memorandum is the undersig ed@ mi l(ii)mai I.mi I (b)(6) (b)(6) or email (b)(6) COL, IN Commanding DAILY STAFF JOURNAL OR DU TY OFFIC ER'S LOG PAGE NO. NO. OF PAGES f-or He ot 1h11 torm. see AR 220. 15: 11'1• p,opgnenl agency ia Office of Th9 ORGANIZATION OR INSTALLATION Deputy CNel of 5111ft tor Opan1tiMI & P!iWWi LOCATION AMWS PERIOD COVERED CEATS, SMUGGLERS NOTCH FROM DATE HOUR 1311 ITEM NO. 1 2 TO DATE HOUR 14-Mar-18 1831 14-Mar-18 TIME INCIDENTS, MESSAGES, ORDERS, ETC. ACTION TAKEN 131 1 Rec'd report from MSG (b)(6) via radio that avalanche occurred in easy Gully w ith multiple injuries. notified cambridge rescue (WARNO) 1318 Team of 9 instructors head up from Stone Hut to triage. Received 2nd call from (b)(6) received initial report of # and tvpe of injuries - GT G ( (b)(6) has (b)(6) (b)(6) - ribs and back, doubts), (b)(6) - Upper body, (b)(6) - legs Called 91 1 Gave 9 11 operator (b)(6) contact info IN OUT (b)(6) INL - legs 3 1328 (b)(6) called with updates/refinements to injuries notified CDR 4 1338 emailed 5 1344 6 1445 CCIR sent to RTI began notification of injured Soldiers' units (Students) and families (AMWS} All injured Soldiers reached AXP (Road Closed sign) and enroute to UVM via civilian ambulance 7 1530 A ll units/families contacted 8 1754 All AMWS students clear of notch, enroute to AMWS 9 1831 Students arrive at A MWS UNIT CONTACT INFO FOR NON-AMWS SOLDIERS LT (b)(6) MAJ (b)(6) .MIL@MAIL. MIL, X4 137 (b)(6) LT (b)(6) MAJ (b)(6) MIL@MA!L. MIL, X7029 (b)(6) SGT SFC (b)(6) (b)(6) (b)(6) called reported (b)(6) (b)(6) "TYPED NAME AND GRADE OF OFFICER OR OFFICAL ON DUTY DA FORM 1594, NOV 1962 r lGNATURE PREVIOUS EDITION OF THIS FORM 15 OBSOLETE //lPD PE vl OOFS Army Mountain Warfare School Ethan Allen Firing Range Jericho, VT 05465-9796 Advanced1Military Mountaineer Course Winter Student Handout JAN-MAR 2015 1 pp 164-176 REDACT PII ONLY ADVANCED AVALANCHE AWARENESS AND RESCUE Introduction Soldiers operating in snow covered mountainous terrain must have an understanding of avalanches and what causes them. They must be able to evaluate the avalanche hazard to help make risk decisions during movements or during the movement planning process. Soldiers moving in or through avalanche terrain must use appropriate protective measures and be skilled in the use of individual rescue equipment. Types of avalanches Loose Snow Avalanches: Loose snow avalanches start at one point on the snow cover and grow into the shape of an inverted "V. " They occur at all times of year and often fall as many small sluffs during or shortly after a snowstorm . These can trigger large slab avalanches. Slab Avalanches: Slab avalanches are very rapid and very dangerous. They occur more often on leeward facing slopes, during heavy snow storms and high winds. Slab avalanches can have a thickness of less than an inch to 35 feet or more. Slab widths can vary from a few yards to well over a mile and can reach speeds of 20-65mph for wet slabs and 45-1 SOmph for dry slabs. Causes of avalanches Avalanches occur when the added weight/stress of accumulated snow on a slope exceeds the cohesive forces that hold the snow in place. Personnel/equipment can also be the factor that tips the balance. Cohesive forces are decided by the angle of the slope and the make-up of the individual layers that exist in the snowpack. Slab avalanches typically break at an old weak layer of snow buried under more recent layers. The added weight/stress can be caused by any combination of: -New snow -Wind transported snow -Cornice Collapse -Humans, vehicles, artillery, etc .. . (Whether human triggered or natural, in all cases the primary cause is overloading .) AVALANCHE HAZARD EVALUATION PROCESS The Avalanche Hazard Evaluation Process relies on the consideration of four key variables. The first three-terrain, the snowpack, and weather-determine whether or not an avalanche is possible. The fourth factor-humans-determines the hazard. Information regarding these four variables is generated through simple observation and tests. 86 AVALANCHB HAZARD EVALUATION CHECKLIST Hazard Rating• Critical Data PARAMETERS: KEY INFORMATION G Y R [) [J [] [] 0 [) 0 D [] D [] [J [] [) [] TERRAIN: Is the terrain capable of producing an avalanche? -Slope Angle (steep enough to slide? prime time?) -Slope Aspect (leeward, shadowed, or extremely sunny?) -Slope Configuration (anchoring? shape?) Ovrnll Terrain Rati.D.g: O [) [J • SNOWPACK: Cou1d the snow fail ? -Slab Configuration (slab? depth and distribution?) -Bonding Ability (weak layer? tender spots?) -Sensitivity (how m uch force to fail ? shear tests? clues?) Ovr:ralJ Saowpack. Rati.D.g: WEATHER: Is the weather contributing co instability? -Precipitation (type, amount, intensity? added weight?) -Wind (snow transport? amount and rate of deposition?) -Temperature (stonn trends? effects on snowpack?) (] [) [] • D [) [) [) [l [] [] U O [] (] 0 D OvrnJl Weatber Rating: HUMAN: What are your alternatives and their possible consequences? -Attitude (toward life? risk? goals? assumptions?) -Technical Skill Level (travelling? evaluating aval. hazard?) -Strength/Equipment (strength? prepared for the worst?) Ovorall Humaa Rating: ~ - - - ~ - - ~ - [] [] [] [] [] (] [] 0 [] O [] [1 DECISION/ACTION: GO [ ] or NO ao [] * HAZARD LEVEL SYMBOLS: R = Red light (stop/dangerous). G (go/OK), Y= Yellow light (caution/potentially dangerous). 87 = Green light Evaluate the Terrain: Is the terrain capable of producing an avalanche? Slope Angle: Most avalanches occur on slopes between 30 and 45 degrees. Slopes outside this range are usually either not steep enough to slide or too steep to build up significant quantities of snow. Use an inclinometer to estimate the slope angle. rarer Slope Aspect: The direction a particular slope faces influences how much sun and wind it receives. Snow on north facing slopes is more likely to slide during mid winter. South facing slopes are more dangerous in the spring and on warm sunny days. Windward slopes are generally safer than leeward slopes. .. ~ -· r Anchoring : Rough terrain is generally more stable than smooth terrain unless completely buried. Boulders, trees, and ledges help to act as anchors and help to hold the snow in place. Slope Shape: Dangerous avalanches can occur on any shape slope but are more likely to occur on convex slopes just below the convexity because this is typically the point of maximum tension in the snowpack. Evaluate the Snowpack: Could the snow slide? Layers: The snowpack accumulates layer by layer with each new snow or wind event. These layers are then subject to changes in texture and strength throughout the winter. The changes are caused by metamorphism due to temperature differences in and between layers. The 88 changes determine the snow strength by influencing how well individual snow grains are bonded to each other both within a layer and between layers. Some layers are strong, or cohesive. Others are weak. Strong layers tend to be made up of well bonded , small, rounded grains. Weak layers are typically made up of larger, angular, weakly bonded grains. Many combinations of layers can exist within a snowpack and the structure can vary greatly depending upon season, location, and climate, as well the slope aspect and shape. Typical Unstable Situations: Typical unstable situations occur when there is a weak layer of loose, angular, poorly bonded grains sandwiched between a slab and the bed surface. The slab may be a single large layer of cohesive wind-blown snow or could be made up of several layers of both old and new snow with various consistencies. The bed surface could be could be a single layer of ice, the actual ground, or could be a separate layer of well bonded snow all together. In most slab avalanches, the weak layer acts as the sliding surface for the slab above and the bed surface remains in place. In a deep stab. the avalanche typically breaks at an old weak layer buried under more recent layen;. Nature's Billboards: Nature's Billboards is just a fancy name for the obvious clues of instability that can quite often easily be obtained while moving in the mountains. a) Recent avalanche activity on similar slopes: There is no stronger message than this. Avoid slopes of similar angles, aspects, and elevations that have not released yet. b) Whumphing Noises: These are the sounds made when a weak layer collapses within the snowpack. Avoid movement on slopes that are steep enough to slide or runout zones of slopes that could be triggered from below. c) Shooting Cracks: Cracks shooting out in the snow around you. This indicates that the snow is cohesive enough to propagate fractures and is a major clue to instability. d) Recent Wind Loading: Evidence of newly wind transported snow shows that new stress has been exerted on the snowpack. Wind also enhances slab formation. Snow Pits: Snow pits can be used to gather information and to perform stability tests in specific locations. Because snow properties can vary so greatly, it is best to dig several in different areas. This should be done in safe areas only and on slopes that are as similar as possible to the area(s) in question. To dig a snow pit, dig out a section of the slope approximately 4 to 5 feet deep and about 4 feet wide. Pay attention to changes in the snow texture as you shovel, indicating strong and weak 89 layers. Keep the walls of the pit as smooth as possible and be careful not to disturb the snow uphill. < - I -, I ~l :i It <"'( ::::.. I j_ .J. L._I _:-_ -_ - -_ ~ "'~ 70 ... 60 '> 50 i • ·1 80 l '' ' 40 30 20 10 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 ' ... 120 135 150 Time in minutes Organizing the Rescue Take charge: Someone must take charge, get an accurate head count, and assess the situation before assigning initial rescue actions. Assess Safety: Get an accurate headcount to find out how many buried soldiers there are. Determine if there is further avalanche hazard and post a watch if necessary. Initiate the Rescue: Designate specific assignments and responsibilities. Limit the number of personnel exposed to further hazard if necessary. Depending on the size of the group, it is sometimes confusing and chaotic to have too many men searching with transceivers. Consider consolidating equipment and assigning probe and shovel teams, especially in the case of multiple burials. Make sure ALL unit members have switched their transceivers to Search mode so as not to disrupt the searchers! There's nothing more frustrating than wasting precious time continually locating other members of the rescue party. Determine where and how to search : Identify the point last scene (PLS). Search the fall line below the PLS. Search the run-out zone and other areas of deposition, such as terrain traps. Search in-line with equipment clues if they exist. If possible, spread searchers out in an effective pattern to cover the slope. Stay Organized: Keep track of already searched areas and mark them off if necessary to avoid wasting energy and time researching the same spots. Transceiver Use There are several reputable transceiver manufacturers. Although the overall search strategy is similar with most devices, the buttons, functions, and displays can vary greatly from one to another. One must become familiar with the specific functions of their chosen device and practice with it extensively. 96 Primary search: This is the process of locating a signal with the transceiver. Some units will give you an audible signal, a visual signal located on the display, or a combination of the two. Each unit's range may differ in the proximity required to locate a signal, and can also vary depending upon battery life, burial depth, and other factors. (Primary search=dotted lines with arrows below) Secondary search: This takes place after locating a signal and is the process of following the signal into the burial site. Follow the visual or audible clues specific to your transceiver. As you near the burial site place the transceiver closer to the snow surface to be as precise as possible. (Secondary search=standing figure below) •• , I . I ... I I ·~ I " . . • •• • • PointJ.ast Seen .. r"" .~ -: • I. • • ~ .. i• ~ ; \ ~,.. t " "' •• • ' • , j,,1-~ ... \ .f•• """• il..1 t • \ , • \ • ' 97 ,.~ • \ '• '• ' ~ Pinpoint search: Use bracketing to mark the area with the strongest signal. BEEi' BEEP BEEP SEEP BEEP EEP BEEP Actions upon locating the victim: Carefully locate the victim with a probe. Use a circular pattern from the strongest signal point outwards. Once a probe strike is achieved, DO NOT remove the probe. Shovel as fast and hard as possible. Consider burial depth and the size of the hole. Start downhill and away from the probe. Dig towards the probe and throw the snow far away. Change shovelers as often as necessary or possible. Be careful as you near the victim. Work to clear the victim's airway as soon as possible. Be very careful with the handling of a possibly hypothermic person. 1.5x Depth 1 t ( i - - - - - of Yidim. ----), .. '~· .. ..·' Make hole ' ,- Push snow to sidH, then behind when waist-deep. Conclusion The best avalanche strategy is to not get caught in the first place. Gather information and arm yourself with knowledge. 98 1-Dec-17 Army Mountain Warfare School Ethan Allen Firing Range Jericho, VT 05465-9796 Basic Military Mountaineer Course Student Handout 2018 pp 187-184 REDACT PII ONLY Chapter 14. Avalanche Awareness 1) Introduction: Soldiers operating in mountainous terrain must have a basic knowledge of avalanches and how to avoid them. The ability to identify avalanche areas, identify types of weather causing avalanches and understand actions to take if Soldiers are caught in one is extremely important for units operating in snow covered mountainous terrain. 2) Identify the Factors Leading to Snow Avalanches a) Occurrence: Avalanches occur when the weight of accumulated snow on a slope exceeds the cohesive forces that hold the snow in place. This usually requires elements of the four main factors: terrain, weather, snow and humans. b) Terrain Factors • Slope Angle: Slopes as gentle as 150 have avalanched. Most avalanches occur on slopes between 30° and 450_ Slopes above 600 often do not build up significant quantities of snow because they are too steep. As with most rules, there may be exceptions. Evaluate any slope above 300 for stability before movement. Use an inclinometer to estimate the slope angle. Construct a field expedient inclinometer from two equal length ski poles. Mark one pole at the exact center. Join the unmarked pole to the midpoint of the marked pole at a 90° angle. Place the tip of the marked pole on the slope. If the tip of the unmarked pole touches the slope, the angle is approximately 30 degrees. rartr Slope Angle • Slope Aspect: Snow on north facing slopes is more likely to slide in midwinter. South facing slopes are most dangerous in the spring and on sunny, warm days. Slopes on the windward side are generally more stable than leeward slopes. Leeward slopes tend to form dangerous cornice formations. 130 • Ground Cover: Rough terrain is more stable than smooth terrain. On grassy slopes or scree, the snow pack has little to anchor to. Boulders and trees act as anchors to help hold the snow in place. c) Weather Factors • Temperature: When the temperature is very low, settlement and adhesion occur slowly. Avalanches that occur during extreme cold weather usually occur during or immediately following a storm. At a temperature just below freezing, the snow pack stabilizes quickly. At temperatures above freezing, especially if temperatures rise quickly, the potential for avalanche is high. Storms with an accompanying rise in temperature can deposit dry snow early, which bonds poorly with the heavier snow deposited later. This creates an unstable snowpack. Most avalanches occur during the warmer midday. Due to temperature fluctuations. • Precipitation: About 90 percent of avalanches occur during or within twenty-four hours after a snowstorm. The rate at which snow falls is important. High rates of snowfall, 1 inch or greater, especially when accompanied by wind , are usually responsible for major periods of avalanche activity. Rain falling on snow will increase its weight and weakens the snowpack. • Wind: Sustained winds of 15 mph and over transport snow from the windward aspect of the slope and forms wind slabs on the lee slopes. d) Snow Factors • • • • • • • • Unstable Snow Layers New snow greater than 1 foot. Crusty, wind packed or iced layer next to soft snow. Loose, cold snow. Buried surface hoar. Depth hoar occurs deep in the snow pack and may act like ball bearings. Hollow spaces. Settled snow under a crust or water runoff above a crust. e) Human Factors • Weight/Overloading: Most victims trigger the avalanches that kill them. • Vibration: Passing helicopters, heavy equipment and explosions have triggered avalanches 13 1 3) Types of Snow Avalanches a) Loose Snow: Loose-snow avalanches start at one point on the snow cover and grow in the shape of an inverted V. Occurrences: • Dry Loose-snow avalanches occur at all times of the year in the mountains. They happen most frequently during the winter snow season. They often fall as many small sluffs during or shortly after a storm. This process removes snow from steep upper slopes and either stabilizes lower slopes or loads them with additional snow. • Wet loose-snow avalanches occur in spring and summer in all mountain ranges. Large avalanches of this type, lubricated and weighed down by melt water or rain, can travel long distances and have tremendous destructive power. Coastal ranges that have high temperatures and frequent rain are the most common areas for this type of avalanche. b) Slab Avalanches: Slab avalanches occur when cohesive snow begins to slide on a weak layer. The fracture line where the moving snow breaks away from the snow pack makes this type of avalanche easy to identify. Slab release is very rapid . Although any avalanche can kill you, slab avalanches are considered more dangerous than loose snow avalanches. • Occurrences o During or shortly after a storm when slopes are loaded with new snow at a critical rate . The old rule of never travel in avalanche terrain for a few days after a storm still holds true. o Most victims trigger the avalanche that kills them. As slabs become harder, their behavior becomes more unpredictable; they may allow several people to ski across before releasing. Many experts believe they are susceptible to rapid temperature changes. Packed snow expands and contracts with temperature changes. For normal density, settled snow, a drop in temperature of 18 F would cause a snow slope 300m wide to contract 1 inch. Early ski mountaineers in the Alps noticed that avalanches sometimes occurred when shadows struck a previously sun-warmed slope. o At higher elevations, because of different weather conditions , instability can persist for many days. Slabs release between storms without warning. • Formation: Soft slabs form over widespread areas during heavy storms, are associated with moderate wind speeds, high humidity, and rimed snow crystals. Hard slabs tend to form on lee slopes. It usually requires low temperatures and windblown snow. Frequently, hard slabs form over a weak layer of depth hoar, which 'fails to support the slab. This accounts for the characteristic hollow feeling and the drop of a few centimeters when the slab fails . 132 4) Reduce the Risk of Avalanche a) Protective Measures • • • • • Avoidance: Avoiding known or suspected avalanche areas is the easiest method of protection. Stabilization: Triggering the suspect avalanche slope before movement usually will stabilize it. Suspect slopes are sometimes shot at with artillery or detonated with explosives. Belayed skiers are often used after the explosives. Barriers: Barriers similar to tank obstructions are often placed in avalanche prone areas to anchor snow to the slope. Personal Safety: Remove your hands from ski pole wrist straps. Release rucksack waist and chest straps. Detach ski runaway cords. Prepare to discard equipment. Put your hood on. Close up your clothing. Prepare for hypothermia. Turn on avalanche transceivers. Deploy avalanche cord. Make avalanche probes and shovels accessible. Group Safety: Send one person across at a time , with the rest of the group watching. All ski in the same track. b) Route Selection • • • • Always allow a wide margin of safety when making your decision . The safest routes are on ridge tops, slightly on the windward side; the next safest route is out in the valley, far from the bottom of slopes. Avoid cornices from above or below. Should you encounter a dangerous slope, either climb to the top of the slope or descend to the bottom. Well out of the way of the run-out zone. If you must traverse, pick a line when you can traverse downhill as quickly as possible. When you must ascend a dangerous slope, climb to the side of the avalanche path and not directly up the center. Take advantage of dense timber, ridges or rocky outcrops as islands of safety. Use them for rest stops. Spend as little time as possible on open slopes. Since most avalanches occur within twenty-four hours of a storm and/or at midday, avoid moving during these periods. Moving at night is tactically sound and may be safer. c) Stability Analysis: Look for nature's billboards on similar slopes and the one you are on. • • • • Evidence of Avalanching: Look for recent avalanches on similar slopes. Look for signs of wind loading or wind-slabs. Fracture Lines: Avoid any slopes showing cracks. Sounds: Beware of hollow sounds (a "whumphing" noise). They may suggest a radical settling of the snow pack. "People trigger avalanches that bury people. If these people would recognize the hazard and choose a different route, they could avoid the avalanche." 133 5) React to an Avalanche a) Survival: If caught, you must fight for your life. • • • • • Discard Equipment: Equipment can injure or burden you. Discarded equipme.nt will be an indicator as to your position. Stay on Top: Swim or roll to stay on top of the snow. Work toward the edge of the avalanche. If you feel your feet touch the ground, give a hard push and try to pop out onto the surface. Going Under: As your head goes under the snow, shut your mouth, hold your breath and position your hands and arms to form an air pocket in front of your face. Many avalanche victims suffocate by having their mouths and noses plugged with snow. Beneath the Surface: When you sense the slowing of the avalanche, you must try your hardest to reach the surface. Several victims have been found quickly because a hand or foot was sticking above the surface. Stopping o The snow sets up like cement, and even if you are only partially buried , it may be impossible to dig yourself out. Do not shout unless you hear rescuers immediately above you. In snow, no one can hear you scream. o Don't struggle to free yourself. You will only waste energy and oxygen. o Try to relax. If you feel yourself about to pass out, do not fight it. The respirations of an unconscious person are shallower, their pulse rate declines and the body temperature are lowered, all of which reduce the amount of oxygen needed. b) Search Analysis • Analysis: Analysis of the avalanche path can reveal the location of a victim. There are three zones to consider. o Starting Zone: Victims are not usually found in the starting zone. A victim's position in the starting zone will have a bearing on his final location. If you see a fellow Soldier is caught, watch him to give you a clue to where to start searching. o Avalanche Path: The snow along the edge of the path will move slower than the center. If the path curves, the snow traveling the longer radius will move slower than the shorter radius. Slower snow areas in the area directly above an obstruction and all areas of heavy snow deposit are likely places to find a victim. o Run-out Zone: This is where the avalanche slows and stops. This is where the largest deposits of snow are found and is most likely to hold victims. • Probable Location: To plot a victim's most probable location , you must consider several things: o Point Last Seen (PLS) o Equipment Clues o If you have the PLS, the avalanche path and clues you can draw a line to figure out the victim's probable path. 134 c) The Avalanche Transceiver • Transceiver: The operating frequency is the worldwide standard of 457 kHz. There are many different types of transceivers. Most operate with an audio mode and visual display. Check transceivers individual specifications. • Function Checks: At the start of each day, check your avalanche transceivers o Reception: One member, with his unit on transmit, moves out from the rest of the group. He stops only when the remainder of the party-their units switched to receive-can no longer hears the signal. o Transmission: The main group now switches their units to transmit, while the person out in front switches to receive . In turn, each party member moves toward the checker and continues past until out of range. • Locating Victims o Lookout: Do not become a victim. Post a lookout to warn of new avalanches in the same area. If the lookout warns of another avalanche, everyone must immediately turn his transceiver to transmit. o Location: Decide the most probable victim location . o Get On Line: Spread the searchers on line at thirty meters intervals. Insure everyone is set to receive at full volume. Move forward , maintaining the interval. Each searcher works independently. o Avalanche Transceiver: The avalanche transceiver has been designed to make searching as simple. as possible. The stronger the signal, the more LED's (inside the arrow) light up and the louder the sound. The large LED above the range dial is the range LED (some transceivers use distance to the victim in the visual display). The distances that are shown on the range scale are not exact measurements but they are a good gauge of the searching distance. o Induction Search Pattern • Search patterns begin when you first receive a signal. At this point LEDs will be faintly flashing. From this point, always hold the beacon horizontal with the arrow pointing away from you. Slowly rotate the beacon from side to side to determine the direction of the strongest signal - (most lights, loudest sound).Once direction is determined, precede in a straight line until the range LED flashes. Continue increasing the sensitivity of the beacon as the search area becomes smaller. • At this point, you will conduct a pinpoint grid search pattern. This is nothing more than placing the beacon close to the snow surface, moving it from side to side and forward and backwards to locate the strongest signal. When the strongest signal is determined, quickly spot probe the area up to a meter wide for the victim's location. Due to the depth of burial, the pinpoint search may have to be done in a higher setting. 135 d) Probing. Probing is the oldest and least efficient method of searching for an avalanche victim. To coarse probe an area 100 meters by 100 meters, using twenty probers with manufactured probes, it would require about four hours and the success ratio is approximately 70%. A single trained Soldier using an avalanche transceiver can search the same area with a success ratio of 98%. e) Shovel Crews and Trenching • Shovel crews assist the probers, relieving them at intervals and digging in likely spots. • Trenching is for body recovery if a fine probe fails . Before deciding to trench consider the dangers at the avalanche site plus the exceptional effort that trenching requires. Trenches are dug parallel to the contour, down to ground level or to undisturbed snow at intervals of two meters. Digging begins at the run out zone and proceeds uphill. Space the shovel teams along one trench. Throw the snow from one trench into the one just completed. 136 Certificate of Training presented to (b)(6) for successful completion of the American Institute for Avalanche Research and Education Level 3 Avalanche Training Course (b)(6) Avalanche Research and Education Course provided by American Institute for Avalanche Research and Education (b)(6) (b)(6) .,.. -. : ....,.1"'~.- -· -._,, . ..,• .....;;_;;:-t;;. ·.·,s :_...,... ,.. I • • ::;-,""\- f• ,'"<. • -.- .....~---· ...... •·-.