FOSTERING YOUTH TRANSITIONS USING DATA TO DRIVE POLICY AND PRACTICE DECISIONS THE ANNIE E. CASEY FOUNDATION ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Annie E. Casey Foundation thanks the staff of Child Trends — a nonprofit research organization focused on improving the lives and prospects of children, youth and their families — for its analysis and writing support. ABOUT THE ANNIE E. CASEY FOUNDATION The Annie E. Casey Foundation is a private philanthropy that creates a brighter future for the nation’s children by developing solutions to strengthen families, build paths to economic opportunity and transform struggling communities into safer and healthier places to live, work and grow. For more information, visit the Foundation’s website at www.aecf.org. ABOUT THE JIM CASEY YOUTH OPPORTUNITIES INITIATIVE A unit of the Casey Foundation, the Jim Casey Youth Opportunities Initiative® works to improve outcomes for all young people in the United States ages 14 to 26 who have spent at least one day in foster care after their 14th birthday — a population of nearly 1 million. Working with 17 sites across the country, the Jim Casey Initiative influences policy and practices to improve outcomes for teenagers and young adults who have experienced foster care as they transition to adulthood. INTRODUCTION All young people need healthy and permanent relationships with caring adults, reliable resources and accessible opportunities that will ensure their well-being and success. Young people transitioning from foster care to adulthood need those essentials just as much as anyone else to navigate the twists and turns along the path to adulthood. But their course is often filled with even more obstacles and detours than the typical young Using the Fostering Youth Transitions state profiles person faces — and new data confirm that unless policymakers, child welfare agencies and advocates work to provide essential Each profile highlights a state’s key demographic data resources, adulthood will be tough for these young people. about young people in foster care that can be used to help pinpoint disparities across racial and ethnic In this first-of-its-kind report, the Annie E. Casey Foundation draws lines. The profiles also show whether and how young on a new source of national and state-level data to illustrate the people are accessing available resources, which can experience of transitioning from foster care to adulthood. It is well help leaders determine whether changes need to be established that for youth and young adults in foster care, solid made to ensure greater awareness of and accessibility connections to nurturing adults and stable communities often to resources such as extended foster care. are disrupted by multiple home and school moves, academic challenges and a lack of permanent connections to family Readers should digest the data and ask how young — only to face disproportionate levels of unemployment and people in foster care in their state are faring — and homelessness as adults. What’s more, young people of color what more can be done to help ensure lifelong well- are far more likely to face barriers to success and well-being. being and success. It’s critical that all stakeholders understand the experiences of RELATIONSHIPS: How well is your state doing at young people transitioning from foster care in America if outcomes ensuring young people have been connected to are to improve. The stories behind these data further emphasize permanent families before they leave foster care? the need for policymaker engagement and guide steps to be taken Can more be done to ensure connections for them to improve the well-being of young people in foster care. In its to mentors and other supportive, caring adults? 17 years of working with child welfare leaders, policymakers and young people across the country, the Foundation’s Jim Casey RESOURCES: How well is your state doing at ensuring Youth Opportunities Initiative® has uncovered persistently stark young people are aware of available resources and data, including these new findings: services that provide a safety net and can help them •  Half of older teens who left foster care aged out versus being reunited or connected with a family. achieve economic well-being? OPPORTUNITIES: How well is your state doing at •  A third have been removed from their home and placed in foster care multiple times. ensuring young people are being given education, employment and other chances to learn and grow during what is a key developmental phase in •  Half have experienced three or more foster care placements. -1- their lives? •  A third experienced a group home or institutional placement during their most recent stay in foster care. •  Less than a quarter of young people who received a federally funded transition service received services for employment, education or housing. (All states receive federal funds to help young people transition from foster care to adulthood.) These data illustrate the separation from family and instability these young people face in foster care. These experiences are tied to the negative outcomes they often face later upon transitioning to adulthood. The data clearly show how these young people are falling behind their peers. How we support the lives of young people in and transitioning from foster care has lifelong consequences, as well as national implications. The question before child welfare leaders, state and federal policymakers and others in our communities is clear: What more must be done to ensure that all young people in foster care — regardless of where they live, their race or ethnicity — have the relationships, resources and opportunities to thrive as they transition to adulthood? Fostering Youth Transitions is a state-by-state data compilation designed to show state policymakers and other key stakeholders how young people are faring as they move from foster care to adulthood. The report shows the clear need for better policies and practices to give young people in foster care the opportunity to have brighter futures. Surveys and administrative data show that young people with foster care experience are falling behind their peers who have not experienced foster care. This is particularly the case for youth of color, who are overrepresented in foster care. In fact, in about half of states, black youth ages 14-21 are more than three times more likely to be in foster care than young white people. These realities emphasize the importance of ensuring that all young people have chances for permanent family connections, postsecondary education, stable employment, secure housing and support for those who become parents. The data raise three areas of particular concern about the relationships, resources and opportunities youth in foster care need to become successful adults: •  Relationships: In 2016, half of teens aged 16 and older who exited foster care were emancipated, which means they left care without being successfully reunified with their family or connected to another family through adoption or legal guardianship. The rate of young people emancipating from care was 10 percent higher for black youths and 11 percent higher for Hispanic youths than the rate of their white peers. Experiencing stable living arrangements while in foster care increases the likelihood that young people will exit foster care to family. Yet half of them will experience three or more placements, which compromises their ability to form trusting and lasting relationships. •  Resources: Young people who do not have family to rely upon need additional support as they enter adulthood. Remaining in foster care until age 21 provides greater access to resources, which helps avoid the typically adverse experienced by young people who age out at 18. Only about one-quarter of 18-year-olds remain in foster care until their 19th birthdays. This is partly the result of states maintaining policies that do not allow or encourage young people to extend their time in foster care. An even greater percentage (30 percent) of 19- and 21-year-olds who had been in foster care reported experiencing homelessness, which emphasizes the need to provide housing-related services within foster care and across systems. -2- •  Opportunities: Ensuring young people are connected to school and work is critical to their lifelong success. By age 21, young people who experienced foster care reported significantly lower rates of high school completion and employment than all young people in the general population. Black youth experience some of the most significant disconnection. For instance, in over a third of states, less than half of young African Americans have earned their high school diploma or GED by age 21, and nationally less than half are employed by age 21. But data are only part of the picture. Policymakers, child welfare leaders, advocates and others need to use these and other data to raise critical questions and explore solutions. The Casey Foundation calls on these leaders to engage in this process with young people who are in or have experienced foster care. Young people can provide the greatest insight into what they have experienced while in foster care and how that has or hasn’t contributed to their transition from foster care and success as young adults. They should be asked about agency efforts to promote permanent family connections, education, employment, life skills and parenting support. While the data are essential to systems being able to evaluate their efforts, many states are missing opportunities to collect data on transition services and outcomes. As a result, some state reporting is incomplete. This underreporting inhibits the ability for policymakers and systems leaders to have a complete picture of how states are serving young people. Despite these limitations, Fostering Youth Transitions highlights the most comprehensive data ever collected across states to assess how young people are faring as they transitioned from foster care to adulthood. These data are critical for helping determine if policies and interventions were responsive to their needs and if new approaches should be considered. Conclusion Over 171,000 youth in our country who have been removed from their families are now in foster care. Far too many of them are neither reunited with their families nor connected with another permanent family. This occurs despite the fact that as a nation we know every kid needs a family. Policymakers must grapple with the number of young people exiting foster care each year without family, as well the poor access to resources and opportunities they experience that make successful transitions to adulthood less likely. Once areas of needed reform are identified, all involved must hold themselves accountable to working with young people to take action. -3- FOSTERING YOUTH TRANSITIONS USING DATA TO DRIVE POLICY AND PRACTICE DECISIONS SOURCE NOTES This document provides a detailed description of the datasets and measures used for the data analysis in the Fostering Youth Transitions national brief and state data documents. Three primary datasets contain information on young people (14+) with foster care experience in the United States. The datasets used are the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS) Foster Care File, the National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD) Outcomes File and the National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD) Services File. In this document you will find a description of each dataset (what information it contains, how often it is updated and the data source — e.g., administrative, self-report), the population from the dataset included in the current analysis and a detailed description of the measures from the dataset. The description of the measure will provide an overview of variable(s) used to create the measure and how the findings should be interpreted. AFCARS DATASET DESCRIPTION AFCARS is a federally mandated data collection system that provides information on all children in foster care throughout the fiscal year (FY). The datasets, released annually, contain administrative data on each child’s demographics, information about their most recent removal and details on their foster parents. This analysis uses the FY 2016 foster care file. POPULATION FOR ANALYSIS This analysis restricted the dataset to those between the ages of 14 and 21 at the end of FY 2016. The maximum age limit is set at 21 — the maximum age of eligibility for foster care services in most states. If a young person is missing data for a specific measure, he or she is not included in that measure. MEASURES Demographics of transition-aged young people in foster care •  Race/ethnicity. A count of young people between the ages of 14 and 21 in each racial/ethnic group who were in foster care at some point in FY 2016. For each state, the three largest racial/ethnic categories in foster care during FY 2016 are reported. The group with more than one race on some factsheets is young people with many different racial compositions. Young people who are more than one race and of Hispanic ethnicity are included in the Hispanic group. •  Sex. The sex of the child as reported by the state. •  Age. The age of each young person at the end of FY 2016. -4- Experiences of transition-aged young people while in foster care •  Number of placements. This measure provides the number of placements in the current foster care episode. An episode is a single instance of entering foster care. Within a single episode, one could experience multiple placements. Trial home visits are not considered a placement setting, so some young people (<1 percent) were listed as having zero placements. These young people are not included in this measure. •  Total number of removals. The total number of times the young person was removed from the home, including the current removal. The sample showed that 90 percent experience one or two removals. Due to data available at the state level, all young people with two or more removals were reported in the same category. •  Exit reason (16+). This only includes those young people who exited care during FY 2016. The age range was limited to 16 and older to avoid skewing the data with younger children who are unable to exit care due to emancipation or aging out. •  Permanency includes the following discharge reasons: reunified with parent(s), living with a relative, adoption and guardianship. •  Emancipation only includes those with a discharge reason of emancipation. •  Other includes young people with a discharge reason of death, runaway or transfer to another agency. •  Most recent placement setting. Represents the most recent placement setting for each young person. Young people whose most recent placement setting is missing (<1 percent of the sample) are excluded from the analysis. •  Home placement includes pre-adoptive homes, relative foster homes and nonrelative foster homes. •  Group placement includes institutions and group homes. •  Median length of stay, by exit reason (16+). Represents the median length of stay in months of young people who have left care, by exit reason. To maintain consistency with the exit reason measure, we limited these data to those ages 16 and older at the end of the fiscal year. Extended care utilization •  In care on 18th birthday. Day of birth is set to the 15th of the month for all young people in the dataset for confidentiality purposes. As a result, young people are considered to be in care on their 18th birthday if they are still in care at any point during the month of their 18th birthday. This cohort is created using the AFCARS Foster Care file from FY 2015 so foster care status at age 19 could be examined using the FY 2016 data file. •  Still in care on 19th birthday. Young people are considered to be in care on their 19th birthday if they 1) are included in the FY 2016 data file, meaning they spent time in care during that fiscal year, and 2) if their discharge date is either missing, meaning they have not left care or if it is the month following their 19th birthday. Differences in data reporting practices at the state level likely result in a conservative national estimate for extended care utilization and unreliable numbers at the state level. Some states choose to create a new case in AFCARS when the young person reaches the age of majority, making it difficult to track individuals over time. Other states choose not to include young people who remain in care over the age of 18 in their AFCARS reporting file. -5- NYTD Services DATASET DESCRIPTION States report semiannually on all young people receiving any federally funded, Chafee Independent Living Service (ILS). This administrative dataset is released annually. This analysis uses the NYTD Services file for FY 2015. Because this dataset only includes information on Chafee-funded services, it will not capture any ILS funded through other sources. POPULATION FOR ANALYSIS This analysis restricted the dataset to those 14 years or older. Because data are collected semiannually, young people can be included twice in the same fiscal year. To avoid duplicated counts in this analysis, only the most recent record for young people who were receiving services is included. MEASURES •  Room and board assistance. Includes payments made by the state to help support room and board. These payments may include: rent deposits, utilities or other start-up household expenses. •  Education financial assistance. Payments made by the state to help support educational necessities. These payments may include: textbooks, uniforms, computers, tuition, scholarships, tutoring, ACT/SAT, GED and other educational tests. •  Employment programs or vocational training. Includes participation in Chafee-funded apprenticeships, internships or summer training programs. Additionally, it covers vocational training including classes or other participation in occupational training (e.g., cosmetology classes, auto mechanics, nursing, welding, etc.). NYTD Outcomes DATASET DESCRIPTION Young people who are in foster care within 45 days following their 17th birthday are eligible to complete the NYTD Outcomes baseline survey. Those who complete the survey at 17 are eligible to complete follow-up surveys at 19 and 21. Some states choose to sample from their baseline cohort (those who completed the survey at 17) for the follow-up waves. Outcomes data in this file are self-reported, and young people may choose to decline to answer any question in the survey. POPULATION FOR ANALYSIS This analysis examines outcomes for the first cohort of young people in the NYTD Outcomes dataset. The numbers reflect outcomes reported by these young people at age 21 in FY 2015. MEASURES •  Young parents. This table provides the number and percentage of respondents who report having a child by age 21. It includes any respondents who reported ever having a child at age 17 or having a child within the past two years on either follow-up survey. -6- •  Employed. Young people are considered employed if they report working either part or full time at the time they completed the survey (age 21). •  Stable housing. Young people are considered to have stable housing if they did not report experiencing homelessness on either of their follow-up surveys (those taken at age 19 and 21). In those surveys, respondents are asked if they’ve been homeless in the past two years. Limiting our scope to the follow-up survey responses captures experiences related to the time these young people spend transitioning out of the foster care system. •  High school diploma/GED. This reflects the young person’s highest educational achievement at the time they take the survey (age 21). Young people are considered to have earned their high school diploma or GED if they indicate they’ve earned one of those certifications or a higher certification, such as a vocational certificate or associate degree. American Community Survey DATASET DESCRIPTION The American Community Survey (ACS) is administered annually to a random sample of individual households and group living facilities (e.g., nursing homes, college dorms, detention centers). This analysis uses data from five-year estimates for fiscal years 2012-2016 to align with the data available in AFCARS. POPULATION FOR ANALYSIS This analysis restricted the dataset to those 14 to 21 years of age. This age range was selected to match the one provided in AFCARS. MEASURES •  Race/ethnicity. Provides the race/ethnicity in the general population of young people 14–21. For each state, the same three racial/ethnic categories that are reported from AFCARS are reported from the general population. •  Employed. Young people are considered employed if they report working either part or full time at age 21. •  High school diploma/GED. Reflects the young person’s highest educational achievement at age 21. Young people are considered to have earned their high school diploma or GED if they indicate they’ve earned one of those certifications or a higher certification, such as a vocational certificate or associate degree. -7- Quick Reference for More Information Courtney, M. E., Okpych, N. J., Park, K., Harty, J., Feng, H., Torres-Garcia, A., & Sayed, S. (2018). Findings from the California Youth Transitions to Adulthood Study (CalYOUTH): Conditions of youth at age 21.Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. Retrieved from www.chapinhall.org/wp-content/ uploads/CY_YT_RE0518.pdf Okpych, N. J., Park, K., Feng, H., Torres-Garcia, A., & Courtney, M. E. (2018). Memo from CalYOUTH: Differences in social support at age 19 by extended foster care status and placement type. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. Retrieved from www.chapinhall.org/wp-content/uploads/CY_SS_ IB0718.pdf Courtney, M. E., Park, S., & Okpych, N. J. (2017). Memo from CalYOUTH: Factors associated with youth remaining in foster care as young adults. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. Retrieved from www.chapinhall.org/wp-content/uploads/CY_FA_IB0417.pdf Fryar, G., Jordan, E., & DeVooght, K. (2017). Supporting young people transition from foster care: Findings from a national survey. Washington, DC: Child Trends. Retrieved from www.childtrends.org/wp-content/ uploads/2017/11/SYPTFC-Findings-from-a-National-Survey-11.29.17.pdf Okpych, N. J., Courtney, M. E., & Dennis, K. (2017). Memo from CalYOUTH: Predictors of high school completion and college entry at ages 19/20. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. Retrieved from www.chapinhall.org/wp-content/uploads/CY_HS_IB0817.pdf Courtney, M. E., & Okpych, N. (2015). Memo from CalYOUTH: Early findings on extended foster care and legal permanency. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. Retrieved from www.chapinhall.org/ wp-content/uploads/07_15_Early-Findings-on-Ex-Foster-Care_IB_R3.pdf Napolitano, L., Sulimani-Aidan, Y., & Courtney, M. E. (2015). Extended foster care in California: Youth and caseworker perspectives. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. Retrieved from www.chapinhall.org/wp-content/uploads/CY_EF_IB1015.pdf Courtney, M. E., Hook, J. L., & Lee, J. S. (2010) Parenting, behavioral health are barriers to extended foster care for some young people. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. Retrieved from www.chapinhall.org/wp-content/uploads/Midwest_IB4_Latent_Class_2-1.pdf Dworsky, A., & Courtney, M. (2010). College enrollment and graduation a challenge for former foster youth, even with extended care. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. Retrieved from www.chapinhall.org/wp-content/uploads/Midwest_IB1_Educational_Attainment.pdf Courtney, M. E., Dworsky, A., Cusick, G. R., Havlicek, J., Perez, A., & Keller, T. (2007). Midwest evaluation of the adult functioning of former foster youth: outcomes at age 21. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall at the University of Chicago. Retrieved from www.chapinhall.org/wp-content/uploads/Midwest-Eval-Outcomes-at-Age-21.pdf -8- 20 8 STATE PROFILES TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE 2018 ALABAMA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Alabama. 171,162 or 25% 2,166 or 26% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Alabama’s foster care population is ages 14+ Alabama Foster Care Population Alabama General Population 100% 60% 80% 60% 51 % 42% 28 % 40% 5 % 39% 31% 6% 20% 2% 0 White African American More than one race White African American More than one race White African American More than one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age ALABAMA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 55+49+45 51 ALABAMA 16161819++ 21212222++ 14 15 16 17 18+ 16 18% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 45%  MALE      FEMALE 55% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Alabama are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 72+300+ 68+ 32+ 22+1961+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 72 % 68% 80% 60% 32% 28% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  60% 0%   2+  30% 21 19 % 1   ALABAMA       UNITED STATES %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  ALABAMA       UNITED STATES ALABAMA 2+ Foster Care Episodes ALABAMA 3+ Foster Care Placements 27% 31% 31% 56% 66% 70% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 38% 49% 55% 54% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER ALABAMA UNITED STATES 12 months 13 months 37 months 17.2 34 months months 29 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  ALABAMA       UNITED STATES 42% 47% 42% 34% 5% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 4% 5% 6% 4% Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Alabama are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide African American White 36% 4% 60% 76 + 4 20 More than one race 28% 5% 67% ALABAMA 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% 48% 7% 53% N.A. N.A. 76% 55 + 4 41 32 51 5 + 64 4 + 44 36 48 4 + 60 4 + 48 28+753 +567 40 32% 4% 64%   OTHER 41% 55% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Alabama 60 67 % % White African American 76 % More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays ALABAMA 18TH 19TH 337 50 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE ALABAMA AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE 11% 20% N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 29% 24% 4% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 10% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% Educational Financial Assistance 23% 5% Room and Board Assistance 34% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  ALABAMA       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Alabama is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% % 57 55 49 % % 67% 76% 89% 77% 70% 29% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 ALASKA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Alaska. 171,162 or 25% 596 or 15% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Alaska’s foster care population is ages 14+ Alaska Foster Care Population Alaska General Population 100% 80% 60% 42% 42 31 % 40% 2% 20% 51% % 17% 10% 13 % 5% 0 White American Indian/ More than Alaskan Native one race White American Indian/ More than Alaskan Native one race White American Indian/ More than Alaskan Native one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age ALASKA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 54+49+46 51 ALASKA 21162319++ 20212222++ 14 14 15 16 17 18+ 21 23% 20% 22% % 14% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 46%  MALE      FEMALE 54% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Alaska are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 85+180+ 68+ 32+ 26+1860+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 81% 100% 68% 19   40% 20%   2+        1  58% 60% 32% % 1  80% 0%   2+  1   ALASKA       UNITED STATES WHITE    2     3+       1    20%   2      3+  ALASKA       UNITED STATES ALASKA 2+ Foster Care Episodes 15% 30% 24% 18% 51% ALASKA 3+ Foster Care Placements 28% 53% 65% 54% MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE MORE THAN ONE RACE 24% AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 41% 38% 49% 55% 54% WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER ALASKA UNITED STATES 23 months 13 months 35 months 17.2 34 months N.A. months -2- 17 months Placement Type  ALASKA       UNITED STATES 65% 47% 15% 34% 15% 9% N.A. 5% 5% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Alaska are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER American Indian/Alaskan Native More than one race 30 51 5 + 63 7 + 44 +446 48 4 + 50 4825 53 7 + 67 8 + 40 48 4 + 55 4 + 48 41 White ALASKA 30% N.A. 63% 50% 46% 5 % UNITED STATES 43% 4 N.A. % 40% 48% N.A. N.A. 9 % 48% 51% 25% N.A. 67% N.A. 41% 51% 4% 55% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Alaska 46 67 % % White American Indian/ Alaskan Native N.A. More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays ALASKA 18TH 19TH 68 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE ALASKA AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE N.A. N.A. MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 15% 24% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 12% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 9% Educational Financial Assistance 10% Room and Board Assistance 23% 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  ALASKA       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Alaska is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 60% 40% 74 % 80% 34% 49% 76% 76% 91% 45% 70% 37% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 ARIZONA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Arizona. 171,162 or 25% 5,913 or 20% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Arizona’s foster care population is ages 14+ Arizona Foster Care Population Arizona General Population 100% 80% 60% 42% 36 28% 21% 40% 40% % 43% 13% 20% 41% 5% 0 White African American Latino White African American Latino White African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age ARIZONA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 47+49+53 51 ARIZONA 19162019++ 22212322++ 16 14 15 16 17 18+ 19 20% 22% 23% 16% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 53%  MALE      FEMALE 47% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Arizona are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 70+320+ 68+ 32+ 36+2145+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 68% 80% 60% 32% 32% 40% 36 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  43% % 1   ARIZONA       UNITED STATES 30% 21 %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  ARIZONA       UNITED STATES ARIZONA 2+ Foster Care Episodes ARIZONA 3+ Foster Care Placements 32% 33% 32% 45% 44% 42% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER ARIZONA UNITED STATES 9 months 13 months 22 months 17.2 34 months months 10 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  ARIZONA       UNITED STATES 49% 47% 39% 34% .5% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 3% 5% 9% 4% Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Arizona are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide African American White 34% 3% 64% Latino 33% N.A. 64% 37% 4% 60% 35 51 5 + 62 3 + 44 34 48 4 + 63 3 + 48 33 53 7 + 64 3 + 40 37 54 6 + 60 3 + 40 35% 3% 61%   OTHER ARIZONA 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% 48% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Arizona 64 64 % % White African American 60 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays ARIZONA 18TH 19TH 934 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE ARIZONA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 49% 23% Educational Financial Assistance 37% 23% Room and Board Assistance 48% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  ARIZONA       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Arizona is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 88% 49% 63 % 79 76 % % 88% 83% 70% 42% 40% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+   STATE FOSTER CARE POPULATION    Stable Housing   U.S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION  -4-   Young Parents   STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION  2018 ARKANSAS PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Arkansas. 171,162 or 25% 1,532 or 18% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Arkansas’ foster care population is ages 14+ Arkansas Foster Care Population Arkansas General Population 100% 66% 62 % 80% 42% 60% 28% 40% 20% 5% 20% 19% 11% 3% 0 White African American More than one race White African American More than one race White African American More than one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age ARKANSAS Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 53+49+47 51 ARKANSAS 23162019++ 23212222++ 13 14 15 16 17 18+ 23 20% 23% 22% % 13% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 47%  MALE      FEMALE 53% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Arkansas are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 70+300+ 68+ 32+ 20+2258+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 69% 68% 80% 60% 32% 31% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  58% 0%   2+  30% % 20 22 % 1   ARKANSAS       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  ARKANSAS       UNITED STATES ARKANSAS 2+ Foster Care Episodes ARKANSAS 3+ Foster Care Placements 31% 32% 35% 56% 63% 60% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 38% 49% 55% 54% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER ARKANSAS UNITED STATES 5 months 13 months 24 months 17.2 34 months 0 monthsmonths -2- 17 months Placement Type  ARKANSAS       UNITED STATES 36% 47% 44% 34% 13% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 3% 5% 4% 4% Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Arkansas are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American More than one race 39 51 5 + 60 + 1 44 40 0 59 1 + 48 4 + 48 40 59 1 + 53 7 + 40 28+455 +270 41 White ARKANSAS 39% N.A. 60% 43% UNITED STATES 41% N.A. 59% 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% N.A. 60% 40% 48% 28% N.A. 70% 7% 41% 53% 4% 55% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Arkansas 59 60 % % White African American 70 % More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays ARKANSAS 18TH 19TH 202 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE ARKANSAS AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 29% 24% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 35% 23% Educational Financial Assistance 23% 3% Room and Board Assistance 27% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  ARKANSAS       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Arkansas is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% % 60 49 42 % 74% 76 % 91% 78% 70% % % 28% 31 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 CALIFORNIA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in California. 171,162 or 25% 24,255 or 28% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of California’s foster care population is ages 14+ California Foster Care Population California General Population 100% 80% 50% 42% 60% 28% 21% 40% 29% 19% 23 % 20% 49% 6% 0 White African American Latino White African American Latino White African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age CALIFORNIA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 48+49+52 51 CALIFORNIA 13161619++ 19212222++ 31 14 15 16 17 18+ 13 16% 19% 22% % 14 15 16 17 31% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 52%  MALE      FEMALE 48% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in California are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 65+370+ 68+ 32+ 32+1749+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 63% 37 % 80% 60% 32% 40% 32% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   CALIFORNIA       UNITED STATES 49% 30% 18 %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  CALIFORNIA       UNITED STATES CALIFORNIA 2+ Foster Care Episodes CALIFORNIA 3+ Foster Care Placements 35% 41% 36% 52% 52% 47% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER CALIFORNIA UNITED STATES 14 months 13 months 42 months 17.2 34 months months 12 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  CALIFORNIA      UNITED STATES 45% 47% 31% 34% 2% 9% 15% 5% 7% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in California are faring. 72 + 5 23  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   African American White 29% 4% 67% 28 51 5 + 65 7 + 44 29 48 4 + 67 4 + 48 28% 7% 65% CALIFORNIA 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 48% Latino 22% 7% 71% 31% 9% 60% 53 + 7 40 31 54 6 + 60 9 + 40 Statewide   OTHER 40% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – California 67 71 % % White African American 60 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays 18TH CALIFORNIA 19TH 18TH 4,313 2,725 UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE CALIFORNIA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 62% 67% 60% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 20% 23% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 11% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 1% 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  CALIFORNIA       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in California is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 84% 100% 80% 60% % 51% 49% 57 76% 91% 74% 70% 30% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 COLORADO PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Colorado. 171,162 or 25% 3,937 or 37% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Colorado’s foster care population is ages 14+ Colorado Foster Care Population Colorado General Population 100% 60% 80% 42% 60% 40% 28 21% % 40% 38% 28% 15% 20% 5% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age COLORADO Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES COLORADO 11161619++ 19212222++ 32 14 16 17 15 16 17 32% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 66  MALE     %  FEMALE 34% 49+51 51% 49% +66 18+ 14 34 15 11 16% 19% 22% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Colorado are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 56+450+ 68+ 32+ 34+1947+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 55% 68% 45% 80% 60% 32% 40% 34 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  47% % 1   COLORADO       UNITED STATES 30% 19 %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  COLORADO       UNITED STATES COLORADO 2+ Foster Care Episodes COLORADO 3+ Foster Care Placements 43% 43% 49% 46% 52% 47% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER COLORADO UNITED STATES 9 months 13 months 44 months 17.2 34 months months 22 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  COLORADO      UNITED STATES 29% 47% 61% 34% 2% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 3% 5% 4% 4% Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Colorado are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   62+1424 55+1431 59+1328 59+1427 Statewide 59% African American White 14% 59% 13% 27% 28% Latino 55% 14% 31% 62% 14% 24% 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 53 7 + 40 54 6 + 40 COLORADO   OTHER 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% 48% 7% 39% 53% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Colorado 28 31 % % White African American 24 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays COLORADO 18TH 19TH 611 266 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE COLORADO AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 35% 53% 44% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% 7% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 13% Educational Financial Assistance 4% Room and Board Assistance 35% 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  COLORADO       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Colorado is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 51% 49% 70% 90% 76% 91% % 63% 70 33% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 CONNECTICUT PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Connecticut. 171,162 or 25% 1,844 or 33% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Connecticut’s foster care population is ages 14+ Connecticut Foster Care Population Connecticut General Population 100% 62% 80% 42% 60% 32% 27% 35% 28 21% % 40% 12 % 20% 19% 0 White African American Latino White African American Latino White African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age CONNECTICUT Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 52+49+48 51 CONNECTICUT 12161419++ 17212022++ 37 14 15 16 17 18+ 12 14% 17% 20% % 14 15 16 17 37% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 48%  MALE      FEMALE 52% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Connecticut are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 73+270+ 68+ 32+ 24+1960+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 73 % 68% 60% 32% 27% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  59% 80% 0%   2+  30% 22% 19% 1   CONNECTICUT       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  CONNECTICUT       UNITED STATES CONNECTICUT 2+ Foster Care Episodes CONNECTICUT 3+ Foster Care Placements 24% 34% 26% 55% 60% 61% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER CONNECTICUT UNITED STATES 21 months 13 months 58 months 17.2 34 months months 64 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  CONNECTICUT       UNITED STATES 66% 47% 26% 34% 2% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 7% 5% N.A. 4% Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Conecticut are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American Latino 30 + 21 51 5 + 49 44 +2728 48 4 + 45 48 36 16 + 53 7 + 48 40 27 18 + 54 6 + 55 40 White 49% CONNECTICUT 45% % 21 30% 43% UNITED STATES 28 % 5% 49% 27% 16% 27 % 4% 48% 51% 36 55% 40% 48% % 7% 18% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Connecticut 28 36 % % White African American 27 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays CONNECTICUT 18TH 19TH 349 172 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE CONNECTICUT AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 49% 51% 43% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 1% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 3% Educational Financial Assistance 23% Room and Board Assistance 19% 27% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  CONNECTICUT       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Connecticut is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 50% 49% 63 % 86% 76% 93% 73% 70% % 22% 31 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in District of Columbia. 171,162 or 25% 385 or 31% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of District of Columbia’s foster care population is ages 14+ District of Columbia Foster Care Population District of Columbia General Population 89% 100% 80% 54% 60% 40% 28% 21% 8% 2 % 20% 0 African American Latino Unknown African American Latino 10% N.A. Unknown African American Latino .1% Unknown Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 55+49+45 51 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 16161719++ 16212322++ 28 14 15 16 17 18+ 16 17% 16% 23% 28% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 45%  MALE      FEMALE 55% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in District of Columbia are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 66+360+ 68+ 32+ 19+1469+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 64% 68% 36 % 67% 80% 32%     2+        1  % 0%   2+    DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA       UNITED STATES 30% 19 14% 40% 20% 1  51% 60% 1     2     3+       1    20%   2      3+   DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA       UNITED STATES DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 2+ Foster Care Episodes DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 3+ Foster Care Placements 39% N.A. N.A. 66% 83% N.A. AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNKNOWN AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNKNOWN UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 35% 31% 19% 55% 49% 36% AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNKNOWN AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNKNOWN The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA UNITED STATES 34 months 13 months 40 months 17.2 34 months 0 monthsmonths -2- 17 months Placement Type   DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA       UNITED STATES 73% 47% 20% 34% N.A. 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit 3% 5% 3% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in District of Columbia are faring. 51 + 5 44 53 7 + 40 48 4 + 50 54 7 + 0 50 + 48 39 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Latino African American 25% 75% UNITED STATES 25% N.A. N.A. 75% 5 % 43% 40% 51% N.A. 7 % N.A. N.A. N.A. 7 % 39% 53% Unknown 48 + 4 48 Statewide   OTHER N.A. 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – District of Columbia 75 % African American N.A. Latino N.A. N.A. 57 39 + 4 +741 +1750 25 24  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   57% 4% 38% Unknown Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA 18TH 19TH 86 16 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday AFRICAN AMERICAN DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA LATINO 19% N.A. AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN 0 UNITED STATES -3- LATINO UNKNOWN 29% 37% 29% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training N.A.* 23% 16% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 23% 35% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%   DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA      UNITED STATES * Cannot publish due to a sample size under 10 young people. Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in District of Columbia is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 65 76 % % 48% 49% 52 % 94% 81% 70% 40% 45% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 DELAWARE PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Delaware. 171,162 or 25% 337 or 29% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Delaware’s foster care population is ages 14+ Delaware Foster Care Population Delaware General Population 100% 80% 60% 56% 42 % 31% 28 21 % 40% 56% % 26% 10% 20% 11% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age DELAWARE Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES DELAWARE 18161919++ 20212122++ 22 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     51 %  FEMALE 49% 49+51 51% 49% +51 18+ 14 49 15 18 19% 20% 21% 22% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Delaware are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 78+230+ 68+ 32+ 25+2055+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 78% 68% 80% 32% 22 % 40% 20% 1      2+        1  55% 60% 0%   2+  30% 25% 20% 1   DELAWARE       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  DELAWARE       UNITED STATES DELAWARE 2+ Foster Care Episodes DELAWARE 3+ Foster Care Placements 17% 25% N.A. 50% 57% 63% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER DELAWARE UNITED STATES 14 months 13 months 33 months 17.2 34 months N.A.months -2- 17 months Placement Type  DELAWARE      UNITED STATES 63% 47% 27% 34% 8% 9% N.A. 5% 4% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Delaware are faring. 5+70 +471 25 25  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide 43% UNITED STATES 5% 51% Latino 48 + 4 48 53 7 + 40 48 4 + 54 6 + 48 40 29+551 +269 44 DELAWARE African American White 28% N.A. 69%   OTHER N.A. N.A. 70% N.A. N.A. 71% 4% 48% 40% 48% N.A. N.A. N.A. 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Delaware 70 71 % % White African American N.A. Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays DELAWARE 18TH 19TH 88 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE DELAWARE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 15% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 14% Educational Financial Assistance 5% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  DELAWARE       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Delaware is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 46% 49% 57 % 50% 76% 93% 70% 44% 40% 40% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 FLORIDA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Florida. 171,162 or 25% 6,558 or 17% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Florida’s foster care population is ages 14+ Florida Foster Care Population Florida General Population 100% 80% 60% 42 % 41% 36% 28% 21% 40% 46% 20% 17% 20% 28% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age FLORIDA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES FLORIDA 19162119++ 23212222++ 15 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     47 %  FEMALE 53% 49+51 51% 49% +47 18+ 14 53 15 19 21% 23% 22% 15% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Florida are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 61+400+ 68+ 32+ 30+1753+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 60% 68% 40 % 80% 60% 32% 40% 30% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   FLORIDA       UNITED STATES 53% 30% 17 %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  FLORIDA       UNITED STATES FLORIDA 2+ Foster Care Episodes FLORIDA 3+ Foster Care Placements 39% 45% 29% 50% 58% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER FLORIDA UNITED STATES 13 months 13 months 24 months 17.2 34 months N.A.months -2- 17 months Placement Type  FLORIDA      UNITED STATES 57% 47% 39% 34% N.A. 9% N.A. 5% 4% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Florida are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American Latino FLORIDA 41% N.A. 59% N.A. 60% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 38% N.A. 62% 40% 48% 42% 7% 53% N.A. 58% 54 + 6 40 40% 5742+1 40 51 5 + 59 1 + 44 41 58 1 + 48 4 + 48 38 53 7 + 61 1 + 40 White 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Florida 59 62 % % White African American 58 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays FLORIDA 18TH 19TH 945 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE FLORIDA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 10% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training Educational Financial Assistance 23% 48% 23% 23% 19% Room and Board Assistance 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  FLORIDA       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Florida is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% % 59 49 41 % % 75% 76% 90% 63% 70% 35% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 GEORGIA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Georgia. 171,162 or 25% 4,351 or 23% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Georgia’s foster care population is ages 14+ Georgia Foster Care Population Georgia General Population 100% 80% 42 % 47 41 % 60% 28 21 % 40% 47% % % 35% 11% 7 % 20% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age GEORGIA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES GEORGIA 20162219++ 24212622++ 8 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     47 %  FEMALE 53% 49+51 51% 49% +47 8% 14 53 15 18+ 20 22% 24% 26% % 14 UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Georgia are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 71+310+ 68+ 32+ 28+2250+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 69 % 68% 80% 60% 32% 31% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  28% 22% 0%   2+  1   GEORGIA       UNITED STATES    2  50%    3+     30%   1    51% 20%   2      3+  GEORGIA       UNITED STATES GEORGIA 2+ Foster Care Episodes GEORGIA 3+ Foster Care Placements 31% 33% 26% 48% 53% 42% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER GEORGIA UNITED STATES 10 months 13 months 24 months 17.2 34 months months 13 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  GEORGIA      UNITED STATES 45% 47% 53% 34% .5% 9% N.A. 5% 2% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Georgia are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American GEORGIA 44% 5% 51% 6% 51% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 41% 7% 52% 40% 48% 46% 7% 53% N.A. 51% 54 + 6 40 43% Latino 5146+3 51 6 + 51 5 + 43 44 51 5 + 44 48 4 + 48 52 7 + 41 53 7 + 40 White 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Georgia 51 52 % % White African American 51 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays GEORGIA 18TH 19TH 505 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE GEORGIA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 24% 23% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 6% Educational Financial Assistance 7% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  GEORGIA      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Georgia is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 54% 49% 56 % % 76 64 88% % 64% 70% 33% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 HAWAII PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Hawaii. 171,162 or 25% 518 or 21% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Hawaii’s foster care population is ages 14+ Hawaii Foster Care Population Hawaii General Population 100% 80% 60% 42% 48% 40% .2% 20% 5% 21% 14 % 28% 16% 12% 0 White Native Hawaiian/ More than Pacific Islander one race White Native Hawaiian/ More than Pacific Islander one race* White Native Hawaiian/ More than Pacific Islander one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. *More than one race may include young people who identify as part Native Hawaiian. Youth in Foster Care by Age HAWAII Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES HAWAII 16162019++ 212022++ 23 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     42 %  FEMALE 58% 49+51 51% 49% +42 18+ 14 58 15 16 20% 20% 20% 23% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Hawaii are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 49+510+ 68+ 32+ 51+1633+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 49% 51 % 80% 60% 32% 51% 40% 16 % 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   HAWAII       UNITED STATES WHITE    3+     30%   1    20%   2      3+  HAWAII       UNITED STATES HAWAII 2+ Foster Care Episodes 38%    2  33% 51% HAWAII 3+ Foster Care Placements 60% 37% 42% 31% MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE NATIVE HAWAIIAN/ PACIFIC ISLANDER MORE THAN ONE RACE 41% NATIVE HAWAIIAN/ PACIFIC ISLANDER UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 30% 38% 49% 44% 54% WHITE NATIVE HAWAIIAN/ PACIFIC ISLANDER MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE NATIVE HAWAIIAN/ PACIFIC ISLANDER MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER HAWAII UNITED STATES 12 months 13 months 21 months 17.2 34 months 0 monthsmonths -2- 17 months Placement Type  HAWAII      UNITED STATES 60% 47% 32% 34% N.A. 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 3% 5% 6% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Hawaii are faring.   OTHER 48 + 1 51 5 + 51 44 48 4 + 48 4 + 48 48 51 1 + 58 + 48 42 50 2 + 57 + 48 43  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide 51% HAWAII N.A. N.A. 48% UNITED STATES Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander White 48% N.A. 52% N.A. N.A. 43% 5% 4% 48% 51% More than one race 39% 48% 48% N.A. 50% N.A. 41% 53% 4% 55% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Hawaii N.A. 52 % White Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander 50 % More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays HAWAII 18TH 19TH 64 30 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE HAWAII NATIVE HAWAIIAN/ PACIFIC ISLANDER N.A. N.A. MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE N.A. UNITED STATES -3- NATIVE HAWAIIAN/ PACIFIC ISLANDER MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 37% 24% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% Educational Financial Assistance 23% Room and Board Assistance 31% 31% 78% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  HAWAII      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Hawaii is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 44 49% % 66% 92% 76% 95% 56% 70% 40% 44% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 IDAHO PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Idaho. 171,162 or 25% 532 or 21% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Idaho’s foster care population is ages 14+ Idaho Foster Care Population 100% 60% 77% 72% 80% Idaho General Population 42% 21% 40% 2 % 20% 5 % 14% 16% 1 % 0 White American Indian/ Alaskan Native Latino White American Indian/ Alaskan Native White Latino American Indian/ Alaskan Native Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age IDAHO Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES IDAHO 21162319++ 212322++ 10 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     46 %  FEMALE 54% 49+51 51% 49% +46 10% 14 54 15 18+ 21 23% 23% 23% % 14 UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Idaho are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 66+330+ 68+ 32+ 32+2643+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 66% 68% 34% 80% 60% 32% 40% 32% 26% 43 % 30% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   IDAHO       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  IDAHO       UNITED STATES IDAHO 2+ Foster Care Episodes IDAHO 3+ Foster Care Placements 35% 62% 25% 42% 54% 42% WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 41% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER IDAHO UNITED STATES 12 months 13 months 20 months 17.2 34 months N.A.months -2- 17 months Placement Type  IDAHO     UNITED STATES 73% 47% 25% 34% N.A. 9% N.A. 5% 2% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Idaho are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   58 37 + 5 Statewide 54 4 + 51 5 + 42 44 IDAHO N.A. 42% 43% UNITED STATES N.A. 58% N.A. 37% 5% 51% Latino 48% N.A. 40% 48% N.A. N.A. N.A. 4% 67% 1023+67 54% American Indian/Alaskan Native 48 + 4 48 48 4 + 51 9 + 48 40 54 6 + 40 White   OTHER 9% 39% 51% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Idaho 37 N.A. % White American Indian/ Alaskan Native N.A. Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays IDAHO 18TH 19TH 62 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE IDAHO AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO 17% 15% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. N.A.* Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% Educational Financial Assistance 23% 5% Room and Board Assistance 37% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  IDAHO      UNITED STATES * Cannot publish due to a sample size under 10 young people. Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Idaho is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 68 % 80% 49% 60% 88% 76% 93% 70% 40% 20% N.A. N.A. N.A. 31% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 ILLINOIS PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Illinois. 171,162 or 25% 5,391 or 27% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Illinois’ foster care population is ages 14+ Illinois Foster Care Population Illinois General Population 100% 80% 60% 42 % 40% 35% 28 21 % 53% % 54% % 22 17 % 9% 20% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age ILLINOIS Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES ILLINOIS 13161419++ 162122++ 41 14 16 17 15 16 17 41 % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     53 %  FEMALE 47% 49+51 51% 49% +53 18+ 14 47 15 13 14% 16% 16% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Illinois are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 79+210+ 68+ 32+ 10+1376+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 79% 68% 21 1    40% 20%   2+        1  51% 60% 32% % 76% 80% % 10 13 % 0%   2+  30% 1   ILLINOIS      UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    20%   2      3+  ILLINOIS       UNITED STATES ILLINOIS 2+ Foster Care Episodes ILLINOIS 3+ Foster Care Placements 17% 25% 13% 69% 81% 72% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER ILLINOIS UNITED STATES 33 months 13 months 67 months 17.2 34 months months 59 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  ILLINOIS     UNITED STATES 47% 47% 20% 34% 7% 9% 19% 5% 7% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Illinois are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American ILLINOIS 46% 5% 49% 8% 50% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 38% 13% 50% 40% 48% 47% 7% 53% N.A. 53% 54 + 6 40 42% Latino 5246+2 50 + 8 51 5 + 42 44 49 5 + 48 4 + 46 48 50 13 + 37 53 7 + 40 White 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Illinois 49 50 % % White African American 53 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays ILLINOIS 18TH 19TH 889 683 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE ILLINOIS AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 62% 84% 87% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 38% 23% 17% 23% Educational Financial Assistance 3% Room and Board Assistance 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  ILLINOIS      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Illinois is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 80% 60% 79 76% % 100% 42% 49% 62% 92% 83% 70% 26% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 INDIANA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Indiana. 171,162 or 25% 5,137 or 18% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Indiana’s foster care population is ages 14+ Indiana Foster Care Population Indiana General Population 100% 80% 60% 42 % 61% 28 21 % 40% 25% % 75% 10 8% 20% 8% % 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age INDIANA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES INDIANA 211619++ 21212022++ 17 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     48 %  FEMALE 52% 49+51 51% 49% +48 18+ 14 52 15 21 21% 21% 20% 17% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Indiana are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 72+280+ 68+ 32+ 38+2243+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 72 % 68% 80% 60% 32% 28% 40% 38 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   INDIANA      UNITED STATES 41 51% % % 22 %    2     3+     30%   1    20%   2      3+  INDIANA       UNITED STATES INDIANA 2+ Foster Care Episodes INDIANA 3+ Foster Care Placements 27% 30% 23% 36% 49% 45% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER INDIANA UNITED STATES 15 months 13 months 33 months 17.2 34 months months 33 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  INDIANA     UNITED STATES 48% 47% 25% 34% 22% 9% 1% 5% 5% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Indiana are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   48 60 56 31 9 + 33 11 + 35 + 17 Statewide 60% 9% 31% 12% 48% 17% 35% 52% 15% 33% 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 53 7 + 40 54 6 + 40 33% Latino 5233+15 INDIANA African American White 56%   OTHER 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% 48% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Indiana 31 35 % % White African American 33 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays INDIANA 18TH 19TH 447 129 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE INDIANA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 25% 32% 23% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 21% 23% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 4% Educational Financial Assistance 23% 3% Room and Board Assistance 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  INDIANA      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Indiana is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 80% 60% 82 76% % 100% 51 49% % 63% 89% 80% 70% 36% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 IOWA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Iowa. 171,162 or 25% 3,191 or 32% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Iowa’s foster care population is ages 14+ Iowa Foster Care Population 82% 100% 64% 80% 60% Iowa General Population 42% 40% 28% 21% 17% 20% 10% 8% 4 % 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age IOWA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES IOWA 13161919++ 24212722++ 17 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     60 %  FEMALE 40% 49+51 51% 49% +60 18+ 19% 24% 27% 17% 14 40 15 13 % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Iowa are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 71+290+ 68+ 32+ 34+1848+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 71 % 68% 80% 60% 32% 29% 40% 34% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   IOWA      UNITED STATES 48% 30% 18 %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  IOWA       UNITED STATES IOWA 2+ Foster Care Episodes IOWA 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 27% 20% 47% 55% 48% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER IOWA UNITED STATES 15 months 13 months 34 months 17.2 34 months 0 monthsmonths -2- 17 months Placement Type  IOWA      UNITED STATES 23% 47% 28% 34% 42% 9% 4% 5% 2% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Iowa are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   56 58 58 40 2 + 40 2 + 42 + 2 Statewide N.A. 57% N.A. 43% 58% N.A. 42% 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 53 7 + 40 54 6 + 40 41% 59% N.A. 41% Latino 4157+2 IOWA African American White 59%   OTHER 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% 48% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Iowa 41 43 % % White African American 42 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays IOWA 18TH 19TH 451 17 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE IOWA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 4% N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 39% 23% Educational Financial Assistance 23% Room and Board Assistance 27% 42% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  IOWA     UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Iowa is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 72 % 50% 49% 79% 76% 95% 76% 70% 40% 42% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 KANSAS PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Kansas. 171,162 or 25% 2,796 or 26% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Kansas’ foster care population is ages 14+ Kansas Foster Care Population Kansas General Population 100% 60% 70% 65 % 80% 42% 28% 21% 40% 15% 13% 20% 7% 15% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age KANSAS Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES KANSAS 19162119++ 22212322++ 14 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     46 %  FEMALE 54% 49+51 51% 49% +46 18+ 14 54 15 19 21% 22% 23% 14% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Kansas are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 71+300+ 68+ 32+ 23+1662+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 70 % 68% 80% 60% 32% 30% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  61% 0%   2+  30% 23% 16% 1   KANSAS       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  KANSAS       UNITED STATES KANSAS 2+ Foster Care Episodes KANSAS 3+ Foster Care Placements 31% 32% 23% 59% 71% 60% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER KANSAS UNITED STATES 12 months 13 months 29 months 17.2 34 months months 26 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  KANSAS      UNITED STATES 60% 47% 16% 34% 18% 9% 2% 5% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 4% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Kansas are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American Latino 4744+9 35 51 5 + 58 7 + 44 35 48 4 + 59 6 + 48 30 53 7 + 62 8 + 40 White KANSAS 35% 6% 59% 7% 58% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 30% N.A. 62% 40% 48% 44% 7% 53% N.A. 47% 54 + 6 40 35% 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Kansas 59 62 % % White African American 47 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays KANSAS 18TH 19TH 394 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE KANSAS AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% Educational Financial Assistance 23% Room and Board Assistance 19% 30% 29% 27% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  KANSAS      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Kansas is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 53% 49% 69% 76% 76% 91% 67% 70% 40% 45% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 KENTUCKY PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Kentucky. 171,162 or 25% 4,077 or 31% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Kentucky’s foster care population is ages 14+ Kentucky Foster Care Population 81% 100% 74% 80% 60% 42% 40% 28% 14% 6% 5 % 20% Kentucky General Population 10% 3% 0 White African American More than one race White African American White More than one race African American More than one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age KENTUCKY Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES KENTUCKY 15161919++ 23212722++ 16 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     51 %  FEMALE 49% 49+51 51% 49% +51 18+ 14 49 15 15 19% 23% 27% 16% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Kentucky are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 62+380+ 68+ 32+ 29+2448+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 62% 38 % 80% 60% 32% 40% 29% 24% 48% 30% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   KENTUCKY       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  KENTUCKY       UNITED STATES KENTUCKY 2+ Foster Care Episodes KENTUCKY 3+ Foster Care Placements 38% 35% 40% 47% 57% 50% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 38% 49% 55% 54% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER KENTUCKY UNITED STATES 10 months 13 months 25 months 17.2 34 months N.A. months -2- 17 months Placement Type  KENTUCKY      UNITED STATES 59% 47% 37% 34% 2% 9% 3% 5% N.A. 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Kentucky are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American More than one race 59 + 1 40+ 51 5 + 44 57 1 + 42 48 4 + 48 39 60 1 + 53 7 + 40 White 59% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 39% N.A. 60% 40% 48% 32% N.A. 68% 7% 53% 55 + 4 41 KENTUCKY 42% N.A. 57% N.A. 6732+1 41% 41% 4% 55% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Kentucky 57 60 % % White African American 68 % More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays KENTUCKY 18TH 19TH 599 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE KENTUCKY AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 29% 24% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 12% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 4% Educational Financial Assistance 23% 2% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  KENTUCKY      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Kentucky is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 40% % 49 33% 64 % 80% 76% 92% 64% 70% 45% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 LOUISIANA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Louisiana. 171,162 or 25% 1,528 or 19% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Louisiana’s foster care population is ages 14+ Louisiana Foster Care Population Louisiana General Population 100% 80% 53% % 50 44 % 42 % 60% 28 21% % 40% 20% 38% 5% 3% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age LOUISIANA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES LOUISIANA 21162419++ 25212122++ 10 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     47 %  FEMALE 53% 49+51 51% 49% +47 10% 14 53 15 18+ 21 24% 25% 21% % 14 UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Louisiana are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 69+310+ 68+ 32+ 26+2153+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 69% 68% 80% 32% 31% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  53% 60% 0%   2+  30% 26% 21% 1   LOUISIANA       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  LOUISIANA       UNITED STATES LOUISIANA 2+ Foster Care Episodes LOUISIANA 3+ Foster Care Placements 26% 35% 29% 52% 54% 42% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER LOUISIANA UNITED STATES 10 months 13 months 30 months 17.2 34 months months 17 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  LOUISIANA      UNITED STATES 54% 47% 31% 34% 10% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 3% 5% 3% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Louisiana are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   44 + 4 51 5 + 52 44 44% 43% 5% 51% Latino 48 + 4 48 53 7 + 40 48 4 + 54 6 + 48 40 52% N.A. 43% 4% UNITED STATES African American White 52% LOUISIANA 53 52 4+43 +543 Statewide   OTHER 53% N.A. 43% 4% 48% 40% 48% N.A. N.A. N.A. 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Louisiana 43 43 % % White African American N.A. Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays LOUISIANA 18TH 19TH 161 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE LOUISIANA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 12% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 13% Educational Financial Assistance 23% 23% 14% % 19 Room and Board Assistance 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  LOUISIANA      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Louisiana is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 50% 49% 58 % 51% 76% 87% 72% 70% 31% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 MAINE PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Maine. 171,162 or 25% 378 or 14% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Maine’s foster care population is ages 14+ Maine Foster Care Population Maine General Population 90% 100% 70% 80% 60% 42% 40% 5 % 20% 21% 8% 10% 3% 3% 0 White More than one race Latino White More than one race White Latino More than one race Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age MAINE Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES MAINE 19162019++ 212022++ 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     50 %  FEMALE 50% 49+51 51% 49% +50 18+ 14 50 15 19 20% 20% 20% 20% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Maine are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 75+250+ 68+ 32+ 26+1856+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 75 % 68% 80% 32% 25 % 40% 20% 1      2+        1  56% 60% 0%   2+  30% 26% 18% 1   MAINE       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  MAINE       UNITED STATES MAINE 2+ Foster Care Episodes MAINE 3+ Foster Care Placements 26% 35% N.A. 58% 48% 58% WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 38% 31% 49% 54% 49% WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER MAINE UNITED STATES 32 months 13 months 61 months 17.2 34 months N.A.months -2- 17 months Placement Type  MAINE      UNITED STATES 56% 47% 21% 34% 10% 9% 10% 5% 3% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Maine are faring. 74 1 + 73 + 1 26 25  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide More than one race White Latino 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 48 4 + 55 4 + 48 41 48 4 + 54 7 + 48 39 MAINE   OTHER 26% N.A. 73% 43% UNITED STATES 25% N.A. 74% 5% 48% 51% N.A. 4% N.A. N.A. N.A. 41% 48% N.A. N.A. 4% 39% 55% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Maine 74 N.A. % White More than one race N.A. Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays MAINE 18TH 19TH 72 13 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE MAINE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE 19% N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO 17% 24% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 20% 23% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 13% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 23% 53% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  MAINE       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Maine is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 70 % 80% 49% 60% 94% 76 % 92% 81% 70% 31% 40% 20% 0% N.A. Full/Part Time Employment N.A. High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 MARYLAND PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Maryland. 171,162 or 25% 2,093 or 35% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Maryland’s foster care population is ages 14+ Maryland Foster Care Population Maryland General Population 100% 65% 80% 60% 42 47% % 40% 28% 21% 32% 23% 11% 7% 20% 0 White African American Latino White African American Latino White African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age MARYLAND Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 52+49+48 51 MARYLAND 15161619++ 21213022++ 18 14 15 16 17 18+ 15 16% 21% 30% 18% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 48%  MALE      FEMALE 52% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Maryland are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 66+340+ 68+ 32+ 25+2154+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 66% 68% 34% 80% 32% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  54% 60% 0%   2+  30% 25% 21% 1   MARYLAND       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  MARYLAND      UNITED STATES MARYLAND 2+ Foster Care Episodes MARYLAND 3+ Foster Care Placements 26% 40% 16% 49% 58% 45% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER MARYLAND UNITED STATES 14 months 13 months 48 months 17.2 34 months months 29 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  MARYLAND       UNITED STATES 53% 47% 29% 34% 9% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 5% 5% 4% 4% Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Maryland are faring. 73 + 3 24 74 + 3 23  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide 30% N.A. 68% Latino 23% N.A. 74% 32% N.A. 62% 51 + 5 4430 48 4 + 68 2 + 48 53 7 + 40 32 54 6 + 62 6 + 40 MARYLAND African American White 25% 3% 73%   OTHER 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 48% 40% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Maryland 68 74 % % White African American 62 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays MARYLAND 18TH 19TH 268 62 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE MARYLAND AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. 27% N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 3% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% Educational Financial Assistance 44% 23% Room and Board Assistance 41% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  MARYLAND       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Maryland is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 80% 60% 78 76 % 100% 60 45% 49% % % 92% 83% 70% % 23% 31 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 MASSACHUSETTS PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Massachusetts. 171,162 or 25% 4,949 or 30% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Massachusetts’ foster care population is ages 14+ Massachusetts Foster Care Population Massachusetts General Population 100% 67% 80% 60% 42% 28% 21% 40% 40% 18% 20% 31% 8 % 15% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age MASSACHUSETTS Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES MASSACHUSETTS 16162019++ 232122++ 18 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     50 %  FEMALE 50% 49+51 51% 49% +50 18+ 14 50 15 16 20% 23% 23% 18% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Massachusetts are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 64+360+ 68+ 32+ 26+2253+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 64% 68% 36 % 80% 53% 60% 32% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  30% 26% 22% 40% 1   MASSACHUSETTS       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1  51% 20%     2      3+  MASSACHUSETTS       UNITED STATES MASSACHUSETTS 2+ Foster Care Episodes MASSACHUSETTS 3+ Foster Care Placements 34% 36% 38% 51% 58% 54% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER MASSACHUSETTS UNITED STATES 11 months 13 months 29 months 17.2 34 months N.A.months -2- 17 months Placement Type  MASSACHUSETTS     UNITED STATES 34% 47% 32% 34% 26% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 3% 5% 5% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Massachusetts are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American Latino 36 51 5 + 63 1 + 44 35 64 1 + 48 4 + 48 36 53 7 + 63 1 + 40 36 54 6 + 63 1 + 40 White 36% MASSACHUSETTS N.A. 35% 63% UNITED STATES 36% N.A. 63% N.A. 64% 43% 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% 48% 36% N.A. 63% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Massachusetts 64 63 % % White African American 63 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays MASSACHUSETTS 18TH 19TH 854 20 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE MASSACHUSETTS AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 2% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 8% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 23% 67% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  MASSACHUSETTS     UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Massachusetts is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 51% 49% 61 % 73% 76% 94% % 64% 70 28% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 MICHIGAN PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Michigan. 171,162 or 25% 4,137 or 23% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Michigan’s foster care population is ages 14+ Michigan Foster Care Population Michigan General Population 100% 80% 60% 42 % 36 43 % 40% 70% % 28 % 10% 5 % 20% 16% 4% 0 White African American More than one race White African American White More than one race African American More than one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age MICHIGAN Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES MICHIGAN 17161819++ 19212022++ 26 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     49 %  FEMALE 51% 49+51 51% 49% +49 18+ 14 51 15 17 18% 19% 20% 26% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Michigan are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 75+250+ 68+ 32+ 31+2248+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 75 % 68% 80% 60% 32% 25 % 40% 31% 21% 48% 30% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   MICHIGAN       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  MICHIGAN       UNITED STATES MICHIGAN 2+ Foster Care Episodes MICHIGAN 3+ Foster Care Placements 24% 28% 27% 48% 50% 50% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 38% 49% 55% 54% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER MICHIGAN UNITED STATES 28 months 13 months 35 months 17.2 34 months months 37 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  MICHIGAN      UNITED STATES 41% 47% 24% 34% 20% 9% 11% 5% 3% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Michigan are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American More than one race MICHIGAN 46% N.A. 53% 2% 58% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 39% N.A. 60% 40% 48% 48% 7% 53% N.A. 50% 54 + 6 40 41% 5148+1 57 2 + 51 5 + 41 44 53 + 1 46 48 4 + 48 60 1 + 39 53 7 + 40 White 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Michigan 53 60 % % White African American 50 % More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays MICHIGAN 18TH 19TH 787 107 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE MICHIGAN AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE 15% 12% N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 29% 24% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 3% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 1% Educational Financial Assistance 23% 5% Room and Board Assistance 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  MICHIGAN      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Michigan is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% % 49 41 % 62 % % 76 66 % 91% % 70 59 % 34% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 MINNESOTA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Minnesota. 171,162 or 25% 4,067 or 28% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Minnesota’s foster care population is ages 14+ Minnesota Foster Care Population 100% 76% 80% 60% Minnesota General Population 42% 40% 42% 28% 21% 2 % 20% 13% 7% 0 White African Native American/ American Alaskan Native White African American Native American/ Alaskan Native White African American 1% Native American/ Alaskan Native Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age MINNESOTA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 48+49+52 51 MINNESOTA 18162119++ 24212322++ 14 14 15 16 17 18+ 18 21% 24% 23% 14% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 52%  MALE      FEMALE 48% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Minnesota are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 53+470+ 68+ 32+ 44+1938+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 53 47% % 80% 60% 32% 44% 40% 19 % 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1    MINNESOTA       UNITED STATES WHITE 54% 32% 52% AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE WHITE 35%    3+       1    WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE 41% AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE 49% 55% 55% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type OTHER     3+ 55% The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. EMANCIPATION      2  UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 41% PERMANENCY 20% MINNESOTA 3+ Foster Care Placements UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes 30%    2  30% 51%   MINNESOTA       UNITED STATES MINNESOTA 2+ Foster Care Episodes 43% 38 % MINNESOTA UNITED STATES 6 months 13 months 27 months 17.2 34 months months 14 months -2- 17 months Placement Type   MINNESOTA       UNITED STATES 38% 47% 49% 34% 5% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 3% 5% 5% 4% Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Minnesota are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   55 6+39 Statewide American Indian/ Alaskan Native 51 + 5 44 +542 48 4 + 53 48 35+753 +659 40 48 8 + 51 9 + 44 40 MINNESOTA African American White   OTHER 55% 6% 39% 43% UNITED STATES 52% 5% 42% 5% 4% 48% 51% 59% 6% 34% 40% 48% 44% N.A. 48% 7% 40% 53% 9% 51% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Minnesota 42 34 % % White African American 48 % American Indian/ Alaskan Native Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays MINNESOTA 18TH 19TH 461 29 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE MINNESOTA AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE 17% 29% 15% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 22% 23% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 13% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 23% 20% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  MINNESOTA       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Minnesota is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 51% 49% 72% 86% 76% 92% % 70 59 % % 25% 31 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 MISSISSIPPI PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Mississippi. 171,162 or 25% 1,788 or 21% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Mississippi’s foster care population is ages 14+ Mississippi Foster Care Population Mississippi General Population 100% 80% 60% 42% 50% 44% 28% 40% 5% 20% 51% 44% 2% 1% 0 White African American More than one race White African American More than one race White African American More than one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age MISSISSIPPI Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 54+49+46 51 MISSISSIPPI 17162019++ 21212022++ 22 14 15 16 17 18+ 17 20% 21% 20% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 46%  MALE      FEMALE 54% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Mississippi are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 77+230+ 68+ 32+ 27+1854+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 77 % 68% 23   40% 20%   2+        1  54% 60% 32% % 1  80% 0%   2+  30% 27% 18% 1   MISSISSIPPI       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  MISSISSIPPI       UNITED STATES MISSISSIPPI 2+ Foster Care Episodes MISSISSIPPI 3+ Foster Care Placements 22% 26% 46% 48% 63% 62% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 38% 49% 55% 54% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER MISSISSIPPI UNITED STATES 18 months 13 months 49 months 17.2 34 months months 36 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  MISSISSIPPI      UNITED STATES 47% 47% 23% 34% 23% 9% 2% 5% 4% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Mississippi are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   71+524 74+818 72+622 Statewide African American More than one race 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 53 7 + 40 48 4 + 55 4 + 48 41 White 72% MISSISSIPPI   OTHER 74% 6% 22% 18% 43% UNITED STATES 71% 8% 5% 24% 4% 48% 51% N.A. N.A. 40% 48% N.A. N.A. 7% 41% 53% 4% 55% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Mississippi 18 24 % % White African American N.A. More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays MISSISSIPPI 18TH 19TH 190 85 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE MISSISSIPPI AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE 33% 53% N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 29% 24% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance N.A.* 23% N.A.* 23% N.A.* 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  MISSISSIPPI       UNITED STATES * Cannot publish due to a sample size under 10 young people. Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Mississippi is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 66% 85% 49% 51% 76% 91% 76% 70% 40% 48% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 MISSOURI PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Missouri. 171,162 or 25% 4,362 or 23% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Missouri’s foster care population is ages 14+ Missouri Foster Care Population 100% 60% 74% 71% 80% 42% 28% 21% 40% Missouri General Population 22% 14% 3% 20% 5% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age MISSOURI Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES MISSOURI 20162219++ 25212122++ 13 14 16 17 13% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     48 %  FEMALE 52% 49+51 51% 49% +48 18+ 14 52 15 20 22% 25% 21% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Missouri are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 71+400+ 68+ 32+ 30+1753+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 72 % 68% 28 % 80% 60% 32% 40% 19% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   MISSOURI      UNITED STATES 62% 30% 18 %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  MISSOURI       UNITED STATES MISSOURI 2+ Foster Care Episodes MISSOURI 3+ Foster Care Placements 28% 32% 27% 60% 73% 64% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER MISSOURI UNITED STATES 18 months 13 months 37 months 17.2 34 months months 25 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  MISSOURI      UNITED STATES 57% 47% 20% 34% 15% 9% 4% 5% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 3% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Missouri are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American Latino 38 51 5 + 59 3 + 44 38 48 4 + 59 3 + 48 31+753 +564 40 White 59% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 31% N.A. 64% 40% 48% 59% N.A. 38% 7% 53% 54 + 6 40 MISSOURI 38% 3% 59% 3% 5938+3 38% 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Missouri 59 64 % % White African American 38 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays MISSOURI 18TH 19TH 541 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE MISSOURI AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 7% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 14% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 23% N.A.* 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  MISSOURI       UNITED STATES * Cannot publish due to a sample size under 10 young people. Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Missouri is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 46% 49% 67% 83% 76% 93% 66% 70% 30% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 MONTANA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Montana. 171,162 or 25% 679 or 14% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Montana’s foster care population is ages 14+ Montana Foster Care Population Montana General Population 81% 100% 80% 57% 42% 60% 27% 21 % 40% 8% 2 % 20% 8% 6% 0 White American Indian/ Alaskan Native Latino White American Indian/ Alaskan Native White Latino American Indian/ Alaskan Native Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age MONTANA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES MONTANA 27162219++ 211722++ 11 14 16 17 11% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     47 %  FEMALE 53% 49+51 51% 49% +47 18+ 14 53 15 27 22% 22% 17% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Montana are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 71+400+ 68+ 32+ 33+1650+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 60 % 68% 40 % 80% 60% 32% 40% 33% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   MONTANA      UNITED STATES 50% 30% 16 %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  MONTANA      UNITED STATES MONTANA 2+ Foster Care Episodes MONTANA 3+ Foster Care Placements 31% 54% 55% 46% 59% 37% WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 41% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER MONTANA UNITED STATES 19 months 13 months 34 months 17.2 34 months N.A. months -2- 17 months Placement Type  MONTANA      UNITED STATES 59% 47% 24% 34% 14% 9% N.A. 5% 3% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Montana are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER American Indian/Alaskan Native Latino 36 51 5 + 60 + 4 44 39 48 4 + 59 2 + 48 32 53 7 + 58 10 + 40 48 4 + 54 6 + 48 40 White 36% MONTANA 40% N.A. 60% N.A. 60% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 48% 51% N.A. N.A. 58% N.A. N.A. 9 % 4% 40% 48% N.A. 39% 51% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Montana 60 58 % % White American Indian/ Alaskan Native N.A. Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays MONTANA 18TH 19TH 56 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE MONTANA AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO 17% 15% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 5% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 23% N.A.* 23% N.A.* 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  MONTANA      UNITED STATES * Cannot publish due to a sample size under 10 young people. Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Montana is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 48 49% % 66% % 74% 76 90% 48% 70% 31% 40% N.A. 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 NEBRASKA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Nebraska. 171,162 or 25% 1,452 or 23% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Nebraska’s foster care population is ages 14+ Nebraska Foster Care Population 100% 75% 80% 60% Nebraska General Population 42 54% % 40% 28% 21% 18% 17% 20% 6 % 14% 0 White African American Latino White African American Latino White African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age NEBRASKA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 54+49+46 51 NEBRASKA 16161719++ 19212122++ 27 14 15 16 17 18+ 16 17% 19% 21% 27% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 47%  MALE      FEMALE 53% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Nebraska are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 65+350+ 68+ 32+ 32+1949+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 65% 35% 80% 60% 32% 40% 32% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   NEBRASKA      UNITED STATES 49% 30% 19 %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  NEBRASKA      UNITED STATES NEBRASKA 2+ Foster Care Episodes NEBRASKA 3+ Foster Care Placements 34% 37% 35% 46% 61% 44% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER NEBRASKA UNITED STATES 18 months 13 months 43 months 17.2 34 months months 25 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  NEBRASKA      UNITED STATES 51% 47% 16% 34% 17% 9% 13% 5% 3% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Nebraska are faring. 55 41 + 4 Statewide 43% UNITED STATES 55% N.A. 41% 5% 51% Latino 48 + 4 48 +843 53 7 + 49 40 54 6 + 40 42 + 6 51 5 + 52 44 NEBRASKA African American White 52% 6% 42%   OTHER 52 6+42  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   48% 49% 52% N.A. 42% N.A. 43% 4% 40% 48% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Nebraska 41 43 % % White African American 42 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays NEBRASKA 18TH 19TH 213 140 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE NEBRASKA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 67% 65% 58% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 12% Educational Financial Assistance 8% Room and Board Assistance 29% 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  NEBRASKA      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Nebraska is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 62 % 49% 75% 58 % 76% 92% 58 % 70% 32% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 NEVADA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Nevada. 171,162 or 25% 1,240 or 16% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Nevada’s foster care population is ages 14+ Nevada Foster Care Population Nevada General Population 100% 80% 60% 42% 40% 28 21% % 40% 26 21% % 39% 38% 9% 20% 0 White African American Latino White African American Latino White African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age NEVADA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 53+49+47 51 NEVADA 19162119++ 20212322++ 17 14 15 16 17 18+ 19 21% 20% 23% 17% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 47%  MALE      FEMALE 53% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Nevada are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 70+300+ 68+ 32+ 30+1951+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 70% 68% 80% 60% 32% 30% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  30% 19% 0%   2+  1   NEVADA       UNITED STATES    2  51%    3+     30%   1    51% 20%   2      3+  NEVADA      UNITED STATES NEVADA 2+ Foster Care Episodes NEVADA 3+ Foster Care Placements 27% 36% 25% 51% 53% 51% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER NEVADA UNITED STATES 2 months 13 months 36 months 17.2 34 months 2 monthsmonths -2- 17 months Placement Type  NEVADA       UNITED STATES 51% 47% 24% 34% 18% 9% N.A. 5% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit 7% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Nevada are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American Latino 55 7 + 38 51 5 + 44 36 58 6 + 48 4 + 48 47 7 + 53 7 + 46 4022 54 6 + 70 8 + 40 White NEVADA 38% 7% 55% 43% UNITED STATES 36% N.A. 58% 5% 4% 48% 51% 46% N.A. 47% 40% 48% 22% N.A. 70% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Nevada 58 47 % % White African American 70 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays NEVADA 18TH 19TH 170 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE NEVADA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 16% 23% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training Educational Financial Assistance 37% 23% 14% 19% Room and Board Assistance 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  NEVADA       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Nevada is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 64 % 49% 49% 77% 76% 84% 65% 70% 34% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+   STATE FOSTER CARE POPULATION    Stable Housing   U.S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION  -4-   Young Parents   STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION   2018 NEW HAMPSHIRE PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in New Hampshire. 171,162 or 25% 742 or 42% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population 100% of New Hampshire’s foster care population is ages 14+ New Hampshire Foster Care Population 88% 75% 80% 42% 60% 40% New Hampshire General Population 28% 21% 5 % 20% 11% 2% 5% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age NEW HAMPSHIRE Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES NEW HAMPSHIRE 12161819++ 25212622++ 19 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     61 %  FEMALE 39% 49+51 51% 49% +61 18+ 18% 25% 26% 19% 14 39 15 12 % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in New Hampshire are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 89+120+ 68+ 32+ 37+2043+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 88% 100% 68%   60% 32% 12% 1  80% 37 40% 20%   2+        1  0%   2+  1   NEW HAMPSHIRE       UNITED STATES 43 51% % % 20 %    2     3+     30%   1    20%   2      3+  NEW HAMPSHIRE      UNITED STATES NEW HAMPSHIRE 2+ Foster Care Episodes NEW HAMPSHIRE 3+ Foster Care Placements 13% N.A. N.A. 43% 57% 44% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER NEW HAMPSHIRE UNITED STATES 17 months 13 months 28 months 17.2 34 months 0 monthsmonths -2- 17 months Placement Type  NEW HAMPSHIRE      UNITED STATES 18% 47% 46% 34% 35% 9% N.A. 5% N.A. 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in New Hampshire are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American NEW HAMPSHIRE N.A. 51% 43% UNITED STATES 53% N.A. 47% 5% 48% 51% N.A. N.A. N.A. 4% 40% 48% N.A. 7% 53% N.A. 57% 54 + 6 40 49% Latino 5740+3 50 + 1 51 5 + 49 44 47 1 + 48 4 + 52 48 49 2 + 53 7 + 49 40 White 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – New Hampshire 47 N.A. % White African American 57 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays NEW HAMPSHIRE 18TH 19TH 95 25 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE NEW HAMPSHIRE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 34% N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 7% Educational Financial Assistance 4% Room and Board Assistance 29% 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  NEW HAMPSHIRE      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in New Hampshire is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 67 % % 49 42 % 76% 76% 94% 64% 70% 31% 40% N.A. 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 NEW JERSEY PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in New Jersey. 171,162 or 25% 1,965 or 18% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of New Jersey’s foster care population is ages 14+ New Jersey Foster Care Population New Jersey General Population 100% 80% 60% 51% 45% 42 % 28% 21% 40% 27% % 15% 23 23% 20% 0 White African American Latino White African American Latino White African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age NEW JERSEY Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 53+49+47 51 NEW JERSEY 19162119++ 20212222++ 17 14 15 16 17 18+ 19 21% 20% 22% 17% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 47%  MALE      FEMALE 53% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in New Jersey are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 70+300+ 68+ 32+ 35+2345+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 70% 68% 80% 60% 32% 30% 40% 35 % 22% 43% 30% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   NEW JERSEY       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  NEW JERSEY       UNITED STATES NEW JERSEY 2+ Foster Care Episodes NEW JERSEY 3+ Foster Care Placements 27% 36% 22% 35% 48% 40% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER NEW JERSEY UNITED STATES 16 months 13 months 30 months 17.2 34 months months 23 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  NEW JERSEY       UNITED STATES 72% 47% 22% 34% N.A. 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 5% 5% 2% 4% Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in New Jersey are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American Latino 55 4 + 41 51 5 + 44 54 4 + 42 48 4 + 48 54 5 + 41 53 7 + 40 58 1 + 54 6 + 41 40 White NEW JERSEY 41% 4% 55% 43% UNITED STATES 42% N.A. 54% 5% 4% 48% 51% 41% 5% 54% 40% 48% 41% N.A. 58% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – New Jersey 54 54 % % White African American 58 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays NEW JERSEY 18TH 19TH 310 11 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE NEW JERSEY AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 14% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 28% 23% 19% 32% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  NEW JERSEY       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in New Jersey is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 92% 100% 80% 60% 62 % % 56 49 % 76% 94% 76% 70% 27% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+   STATE FOSTER CARE POPULATION    Stable Housing   U.S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION  -4-   Young Parents   STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION   2018 NEW MEXICO PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in New Mexico. 171,162 or 25% 655 or 15% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of New Mexico’s foster care population is ages 14+ New Mexico Foster Care Population New Mexico General Population 100% 80% 58% 42% 60% 21% 40% 25% 26% 8% 2% 20% 58% 10% 0 White American Indian/ Alaskan Native Latino White American Indian/ Alaskan Native Latino White American Indian/ Alaskan Native Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age NEW MEXICO Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 56+49+44 51 NEW MEXICO 241619++ 25212422++ 3 15 16 17 18+ 24 24% 25% 24% % 14 3% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 44%  MALE      FEMALE 56% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in New Mexico are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 66+330+ 68+ 32+ 29+1061+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 66% 34% 60% 80% 60% 32% 40% 29% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   NEW MEXICO       UNITED STATES 30% 11%    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  NEW MEXICO       UNITED STATES NEW MEXICO 2+ Foster Care Episodes NEW MEXICO 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 45% 34% 57% 55% 62% WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 41% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER NEW MEXICO UNITED STATES .1 months 13 months 40 months 17.2 34 months N.A. months -2- 17 months Placement Type  NEW MEXICO       UNITED STATES 52% 47% 27% 34% 9% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit 4% 5% 8% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in New Mexico are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   White American Indian/Alaskan Native Latino 49 + 3 51 5 + 48 44 52 3 + 48 4 + 45 48 48 4 + 51 9 + 48 40 49 2 + 54 6 + 49 40 Statewide   OTHER NEW MEXICO 48% N.A. 49% 43% UNITED STATES N.A. 45% N.A. 52% 5% 48% 51% 50% N.A. 50% N.A. N.A. 4% 40% 48% 9% 39% 51% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – New Mexico 52 N.A. % White American Indian/ Alaskan Native 50 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays NEW MEXICO 18TH 19TH 19 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday NEW MEXICO WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO N.A. 0 N.A. WHITE UNITED STATES -3- AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE LATINO 17% 15% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 12% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 15% Educational Financial Assistance 10% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  NEW MEXICO       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in New Mexico is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 64 % 49% 61 % % 76 64 % 88% 70% 31% 40% 20% N.A. 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing N.A. Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 NEW YORK PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in New York. 171,162 or 25% 9,826 or 35% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of New York’s foster care population is ages 14+ New York Foster Care Population New York General Population 100% 80% 60% 42 40% 29% 28% 16% 11 % 2% 20% 51% 48% % .7% 0 White African American Unknown White African American White Unknown African American Unknown Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age NEW YORK Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES NEW YORK 13161819++ 22212022++ 28 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     52 %  FEMALE 49% 49+51 51% 49% +52 18+ 14 48 15 13 18% 22% 20% 28% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in New York are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 71+310+ 68+ 32+ 35+2243+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 70 % 68% 80% 60% 32% 30% 40% 35% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   NEW YORK       UNITED STATES 43 % 22 %    2     3+     30%   1    51% 20%   2      3+  NEW YORK       UNITED STATES NEW YORK 2+ Foster Care Episodes NEW YORK 3+ Foster Care Placements 28% 32% 25% 38% 46% 36% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 19% 49% 55% 36% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER NEW YORK UNITED STATES 18 months 13 months 56 months 17.2 34 months months 22 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  NEW YORK      UNITED STATES 44% 47% 40% 34% 10% 9% 2% 5% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 4% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in New York are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   63+532 69+526 655+30 5% 64% 6% 69% 5% 63% 25% 32% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% 48% N.A. 69% 26% 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 53 7 + 40 30% Unknown 26+69 5 NEW YORK African American White 7% 53% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% 58+438 Statewide   OTHER 57% 4% 38% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – New York 26 32 % % White African American 26 % Unknown Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays NEW YORK 18TH 19TH 1,229 638 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE NEW YORK AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN WHITE 39% 56% 47% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN 17% 29% 29% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 97% 23% Educational Financial Assistance 97% 23% Room and Board Assistance 97% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  NEW YORK      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in New York is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 80% 60% 80 76 % 100% 51% 49% 52 % % 91% 87% 70% 40% 17% 20% 31% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 NORTH CAROLINA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in North Carolina. 171,162 or 25% 3,611 or 23% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of North Carolina’s foster care population is ages 14+ North Carolina Foster Care Population North Carolina General Population 100% 80% 60% 57% 47 % 42% 36% 28 21 % 40% % 25% 9% 20% 11% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age NORTH CAROLINA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES NORTH CAROLINA 17161919++ 22212022++ 22 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     48 %  FEMALE 52% 49+51 51% 49% +48 18+ 14 52 15 17 19% 22% 20% 22% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in North Carolina are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 89+110+ 68+ 32+ 43+1545+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 89% 100% 68%      1  15 0%   2+  30% % 20%   2+     43 % 40% 1   NORTH CAROLINA       UNITED STATES 51% % 42 60% 32% 11% 1  80%    2     3+       1    20%   2      3+  NORTH CAROLINA       UNITED STATES NORTH CAROLINA 2+ Foster Care Episodes NORTH CAROLINA 3+ Foster Care Placements 10% 14% 8% 42% 45% 38% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER NORTH CAROLINA UNITED STATES 21 months 13 months 33 months 17.2 34 months months 19 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  NORTH CAROLINA      UNITED STATES 60% 47% 27% 34% 8% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 1% 5% 3% 4% Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in North Carolina are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American 40% 1% 62% 59% 43% UNITED STATES 32% N.A. 5% 67% 4% 48% 51% 44% N.A. 40% 48% 7% 53% N.A. 56% 54 + 6 40 NORTH CAROLINA 37% Latino 5544+1 37 51 5 + 62 1 + 44 59 1 + 40 48 4 + 48 32 53 7 + 67 1 + 40 White 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – North Carolina 59 67 % % White African American 56 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays NORTH CAROLINA 18TH 19TH 474 101 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE NORTH CAROLINA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 17% 24% 28% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 16% 23% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 10% Educational Financial Assistance 9% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  NORTH CAROLINA      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in North Carolina is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 40% % 49 41 % 61 % 71% 76% 90% 64% 70% 27% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 NORTH DAKOTA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in North Dakota. 171,162 or 25% 696 or 29% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of North Dakota’s foster care population is ages 14+ North Dakota Foster Care Population North Dakota General Population 83% 100% 80% 60% 53% 42 % 28% 40% 7% 2 % 20% 25% 6% 4% 0 White African American Indian/ American Alaskan Native White African American Indian/ American Alaskan Native White African American Indian/ American Alaskan Native Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age NORTH DAKOTA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES NORTH DAKOTA 15161719++ 27212522++ 17 14 16 17 17% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     54 %  FEMALE 46% 49+51 51% 49% +54 18+ 27% 25% 14 46 15 15 17% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in North Dakota are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 72+280+ 68+ 32+ 32+2148+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 72 % 68% 80% 60% 32% 28% 32% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   NORTH DAKOTA       UNITED STATES WHITE 23% WHITE    2  47% 35% AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE 35% 21    3+       1    WHITE 49% AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE 42% WHITE 55% 46% NORTH DAKOTA UNITED STATES 10 months 13 months 25 months 17.2 34 months months 14 months -2- 55% AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type OTHER     3+ AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. EMANCIPATION      2  UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 41% PERMANENCY 20% NORTH DAKOTA 3+ Foster Care Placements UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes 30% 30% % 51%  NORTH DAKOTA      UNITED STATES NORTH DAKOTA 2+ Foster Care Episodes 25% 48% 17 months Placement Type  NORTH DAKOTA      UNITED STATES 42% 47% 41% 34% 16% 9% N.A. 5% N.A. 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in North Dakota are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   53+2126 49+2625 Statewide 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 48 4 + 53 7 + 48 40 53 7 + 40 American Indian/Alaskan Native 26% 53% 25% 26% 43% UNITED STATES N.A. N.A. N.A. 21% 5% 48% 51% 36 36 28 + 49% NORTH DAKOTA African American White   OTHER 4% 40% 48% 36% 29% 36% 7% 53% 40% 9% 51% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – North Dakota 26 N.A. % White African American 36 % American Indian/ Alaskan Native Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays NORTH DAKOTA 18TH 19TH 101 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE NORTH DAKOTA AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE 17% 29% 15% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training Educational Financial Assistance 8% Room and Board Assistance 27% 23% 21% 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  NORTH DAKOTA       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in North Dakota is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 61 % 76 % 49% 72% 76% 93% 72% 70% 33% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 OHIO PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Ohio. 171,162 or 25% 6,727 or 28% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Ohio’s foster care population is ages 14+ Ohio Foster Care Population 100% 75% 80% 60% Ohio General Population 42 51% % 40% 28 % 36% 8 5% 20% 14% % 4% 0 White African American More than one race White African American White More than one race African American More than one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age OHIO Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES OHIO 16162119++ 23212522++ 16 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     54 %  FEMALE 46% 49+51 51% 49% +54 18+ 14 46 15 16 21% 23% 25% 16% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Ohio are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 60+400+ 68+ 32+ 38+1944+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 60% 68% 40 % 80% 60% 32% 40% 38 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  43 1   OHIO       UNITED STATES 51% % % 30% 19 %    2     3+       1    20%   2      3+  OHIO       UNITED STATES OHIO 2+ Foster Care Episodes OHIO 3+ Foster Care Placements 35% 46% 43% 42% 45% 47% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 38% 49% 55% 54% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER OHIO UNITED STATES 9 months 13 months 31 months 17.2 34 months months 18 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  OHIO     UNITED STATES 48% 47% 41% 34% 4% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 2% 5% 6% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Ohio are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American More than one race OHIO 42% 2% 56% 3% 54% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 48% 51% 44% 3% 53% 4% 40% 48% 45% 7% 53% N.A. 51% 54 + 6 40 43% 5145+4 54 3 + 51 5 + 43 44 56 2 + 42 48 4 + 48 53 3 + 44 53 7 + 40 White 41% 4% 55% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Ohio 56 53 % 51 % White % African American More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays OHIO 18TH 19TH 967 22 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE OHIO AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE N.A. 3% N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 29% 24% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 6% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 23% 23% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 39% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  OHIO      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Ohio is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 40% 65 76% % % 49 36% 92% 43% 69% 70% % 31 17% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 OKLAHOMA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Oklahoma. 171,162 or 25% 2,156 or 13% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Oklahoma’s foster care population is ages 14+ Oklahoma Foster Care Population Oklahoma General Population 100% 80% 58% 42% 60% 40% 5 % 20% 37% 29% % 19 21% 10% 13% 0 White More than one race Latino White More than one race White Latino More than one race Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age OKLAHOMA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES OKLAHOMA 24162119++ 23212022++ 13 14 16 17 13% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     48 %  FEMALE 52% 49+51 51% 49% +47 18+ 14 53 15 24 21% 23% 20% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Oklahoma are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 72+280+ 68+ 32+ 15+1968+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 72 % 68% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  51% 60% 32% 28% 66% 80% 15% 19 0%   2+  30% % 1   OKLAHOMA       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    20%   2      3+  OKLAHOMA      UNITED STATES OKLAHOMA 2+ Foster Care Episodes OKLAHOMA 3+ Foster Care Placements 23% 34% 29% 64% 66% 67% WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 38% 31% 49% 54% 49% WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER OKLAHOMA UNITED STATES 22 months 13 months 37 months 17.2 34 months months 23 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  OKLAHOMA      UNITED STATES 55% 47% 23% 34% 17% 9% N.A. 5% 6% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Oklahoma are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER More than one race OKLAHOMA 38% N.A. 61% 3% 58% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 48% 51% 38% N.A. 58% 4% 41% 48% 47% 4% 55% N.A. 49% 54 + 6 40 39% Latino 4749+4 58 3 + 51 5 + 39 44 38 61 1 + 48 4 + 48 58 4 + 38 55 4 + 41 White 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Oklahoma 61 58 % % White More than one race 49 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays OKLAHOMA 18TH 19TH 302 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE OKLAHOMA MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO 17% 24% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 12% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 16% Educational Financial Assistance 14% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  OKLAHOMA      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Oklahoma is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 69 % 64 % 49% % 83% 76% 90 79% 70% 31% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 OREGON PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Oregon. 171,162 or 25% 2,205 or 21% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Oregon’s foster care population is ages 14+ Oregon Foster Care Population Oregon General Population 100% 60% 67% 62 % 80% 42% 40% 5 % 20% 21% 9% 14% 6% 19% 0 White More than one race Latino White More than one race White Latino More than one race Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age OREGON Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES OREGON 19162019++ 22212122++ 19 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     49 %  FEMALE 51% 49+51 51% 49% +47 18+ 14 53 15 19 20% 22% 21% 19% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Oregon are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 62+380+ 68+ 32+ 25+1956+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 62% 38 % 80% 32% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  56% 60% 0%   2+  30% 25% 19% 1   OREGON       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  OREGON      UNITED STATES OREGON 2+ Foster Care Episodes OREGON 3+ Foster Care Placements 38% 48% 30% 55% 67% 52% WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 38% 31% 49% 54% 49% WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER OREGON UNITED STATES 24 months 13 months 58 months 17.2 34 months months 23 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  OREGON      UNITED STATES 65% 47% 15% 34% 11% 9% 4% 5% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 5% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Oregon are faring. 7+71 +968 13+186 22 23  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   23% 9% 68% N.A. N.A. 86% 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 22% 7% 71% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 48% Latino 6634+ OREGON More than one race White 32% N.A. 64% 55 + 4 41 54 6 + 40 Statewide   OTHER 41% 4% 39% 55% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Oregon 68 86 % % White More than one race 64 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays OREGON 18TH 19TH 371 29 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE OREGON MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE 5% N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO 17% 24% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 9% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training Educational Financial Assistance 2% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  OREGON      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Oregon is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 65% 49% 61 % % 84% 76% 90 68% 70% % 23% 31 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 PENNSYLVANIA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Pennsylvania. 171,162 or 25% 8,639 or 33% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Pennsylvania’s foster care population is ages 14+ Pennsylvania Foster Care Population Pennsylvania General Population 100% 71% 80% 60% 42% 40% 38 % 28% 21% 43% 14% 20% 13% 9% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age PENNSYLVANIA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES PENNSYLVANIA 14161719++ 21212422++ 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     52 %  FEMALE 48% 49+51 51% 49% +52 18+ 14 48 15 14 17% 21% 24% 24% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Pennsylvania are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 64+360+ 68+ 32+ 33+2543+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 64% 36% 80% 60% 32% 40% 33% 25% 42 % 30% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   PENNSYLVANIA       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  PENNSYLVANIA       UNITED STATES PENNSYLVANIA 2+ Foster Care Episodes PENNSYLVANIA 3+ Foster Care Placements 29% 43% 33% 40% 44% 41% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER PENNSYLVANIA UNITED STATES 13 months 13 months 32 months 17.2 34 months months 15 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  PENNSYLVANIA     UNITED STATES 43% 47% 47% 34% 2% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 5% 5% 4% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Pennsylvania are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   47 57 52 29 + 24 32 16 + 35 8 + 52% 17% 32% 57% 8% 35% 47% Latino 50% 23% 29% 22% 28% 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 53 7 + 40 54 6 + 40 PENNSYLVANIA African American White 2850+22 Statewide   OTHER UNITED STATES 43% 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% 48% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Pennsylvania 35 29 % % White African American 28 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays 18TH PENNSYLVANIA 19TH 18TH 1,216 324 UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE PENNSYLVANIA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 28% 26% 19% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 41% 23% 20% 23% Educational Financial Assistance 13% 19% Room and Board Assistance 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  PENNSYLVANIA      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Pennsylvania is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 57 % % 49 44 % 75% 76% 92% % 63% 70 28% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 PUERTO RICO PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Puerto Rico. 171,162 or 25% 1,878 or 53% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Puerto Rico’s foster care population is ages 14+ Puerto Rico Foster Care Population Puerto Rico General Population 99% 91 % 100% 80% 42% 60% 40% 2% 20% 21% 2% 6% 1% .1% 0 White Unknown Latino White Unknown White Latino Unknown Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age PUERTO RICO Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES PUERTO RICO 16 17 15 16 17 56% 0%   10%   20%   30%   40%   50%   60%   18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     52 %  FEMALE 48% 49+51 51% 49% +52 18+ 14 48 15 8 10% 12% 14% % 1619+ 2122+ 8+1012+ 1456+ 14 UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Puerto Rico are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 72+280+ 68+ 32+ 15+1968+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 95 % 68% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  51% 60% 32% 5% 42% 80% 43% 15 0%   2+  30% % 1    PUERTO RICO       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    20%   2      3+   PUERTO RICO      UNITED STATES PUERTO RICO 2+ Foster Care Episodes PUERTO RICO 3+ Foster Care Placements N.A. N.A. 5% 53% 19% 44% WHITE UNKNOWN LATINO WHITE UNKNOWN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 19% 31% 49% 36% 49% WHITE UNKNOWN LATINO WHITE UNKNOWN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER PUERTO RICO UNITED STATES 12 months 13 months 150 months 17.2 34 months N.A. months -2- 17 months Placement Type   PUERTO RICO      UNITED STATES 70% 47% 23% 34% 4% 9% 2% 5% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 1% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Puerto Rico are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER Unknown 40% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 48% 51% N.A. N.A. N.A. 4% 57% 48% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% 54% 4% 38% N.A. 42% 54 + 6 40 PUERTO RICO N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 57 38 + 5 57% Latino 4254+4 58 3 + 51 5 + 39 44 48 4 + 48 4 + 48 48 48 4 + 48 White 39% 7% 54% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Puerto Rico N.A. White N.A. Unknown 42 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays PUERTO RICO 18TH 19TH 271 252 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE PUERTO RICO UNKNOWN LATINO WHITE N.A. 100% 93% UNITED STATES -3- UNKNOWN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 39% 23% Educational Financial Assistance 13% Room and Board Assistance 42% 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  PUERTO RICO      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Puerto Rico is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 40% 93 % 77 76 % 48% 49% % 100% 70% 30% 24% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 RHODE ISLAND PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Rhode Island. 171,162 or 25% 944 or 33% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Rhode Island’s foster care population is ages 14+ Rhode Island Foster Care Population Rhode Island General Population 100% 66% 80% 60% 42% 40% 42% 28% 21% 17% 20% 31% 6% 19% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age RHODE ISLAND Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES RHODE ISLAND 171619++ 22212822++ 16 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     57 %  FEMALE 43% 49+51 51% 49% +57 18+ 14 43 15 17 17% 22% 28% 16% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Rhode Island are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 59+420+ 68+ 32+ 45+2037+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 59% 68% 41% 80% 60% 32% 43% 40% 20 % 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   RHODE ISLAND      UNITED STATES 37 %    2     3+     30%   1    51% 20%   2      3+  RHODE ISLAND       UNITED STATES RHODE ISLAND 2+ Foster Care Episodes RHODE ISLAND 3+ Foster Care Placements 40% 42% 40% 35% 39% 36% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER RHODE ISLAND UNITED STATES 10 months 13 months 23 months 17.2 34 months months 13 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  PENNSYLVANIA     UNITED STATES 35% 47% 59% 34% N.A. 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 5% 5% 2% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Rhode Island are faring.   OTHER 49 + 5 51 5 + 46 44 +346 48 4 + 51 48 51 5 + 53 7 + 44 40  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   51% N.A. 46% 5% 49% UNITED STATES 43% 5% 41% N.A. 51% 4% 48% 51% 44% 40% 48% Latino N.A. 5141+8 46% RHODE ISLAND African American White 7% 53% 51% 54 + 6 40 Statewide 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Rhode Island 46 51 % % White African American 51 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays RHODE ISLAND 18TH 19TH 150 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE RHODE ISLAND AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 2% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 5% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 23% 23% 26% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  RHODE ISLAND      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Rhode Island is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 59 % 47 49 % % 70 76% % 93% 75% 70% 29% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 SOUTH CAROLINA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in South Carolina. 171,162 or 25% 1,796 or 24% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of South Carolina’s foster care population is ages 14+ South Carolina Foster Care Population South Carolina General Population 100% 80% 60% 42 28% 21% 40% 57% 48% 41% % 31% 6% 5% 20% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age SOUTH CAROLINA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES SOUTH CAROLINA 20162119++ 25212022++ 14 14 16 17 14% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     47 %  FEMALE 53% 49+51 51% 49% +47 18+ 14 53 15 20 21% 25% 20% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in South Carolina are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 71+290+ 68+ 32+ 27+2153+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 71 % 68% 80% 32% 29% 53% 60% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  30% 27% 21% 40% 1   SOUTH CAROLINA       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  SOUTH CAROLINA       UNITED STATES SOUTH CAROLINA 2+ Foster Care Episodes SOUTH CAROLINA 3+ Foster Care Placements 26% 32% 24% 52% 57% 33% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER SOUTH CAROLINA UNITED STATES 8 months 13 months 29 months 17.2 34 months N.A. months -2- 17 months Placement Type  SOUTH CAROLINA      UNITED STATES 49% 47% 49% 34% N.A. 9% N.A. 5% 2% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in South Carolina are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American SOUTH CAROLINA 47% N.A. 53% N.A. 57% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 35% N.A. 63% 40% 48% 7% 53% 63% N.A. N.A. 54 + 6 40 42% Latino 3063+7 57 1 + 51 5 + 42 44 52 1 + 47 48 4 + 48 35 53 7 + 63 2 + 40 White 39% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – South Carolina 53 63 % % White African American N.A. Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays SOUTH CAROLINA 18TH 19TH 200 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE SOUTH CAROLINA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 12% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 6% Educational Financial Assistance 2% Room and Board Assistance 23% 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  SOUTH CAROLINA      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in South Carolina is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 52% 49% 58 % 72% 76% 90% 72% 70% 34% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 SOUTH DAKOTA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in South Dakota. 171,162 or 25% 436 or 18% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of South Dakota’s foster care population is ages 14+ South Dakota Foster Care Population 100% 77% 80% 60% South Dakota General Population 42% 32 40% 2 20% % 0 White 45% % American Indian/ Alaskan Native 5 More than one race 10% 9% % American Indian/ Alaskan Native White More than one race 4% American Indian/ Alaskan Native White More than one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age SOUTH DAKOTA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES SOUTH DAKOTA 22162319++ 192122++ 17 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     46 %  FEMALE 54% 49+51 51% 49% +46 18+ 14 54 15 22 23% 19% 19% 17% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in South Dakota are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 56+450+ 68+ 32+ 22+1859+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 56% 68% 45% 80% 59% 60% 32% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   SOUTH DAKOTA      UNITED STATES WHITE    3+       1      2      3+ SOUTH DAKOTA 3+ Foster Care Placements 56% 39% AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE    2  20%  SOUTH DAKOTA      UNITED STATES SOUTH DAKOTA 2+ Foster Care Episodes 32% 30% 22% 19% 40% 51% 54% 63% 63% WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE MORE THAN ONE RACE MORE THAN ONE RACE UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 41% 38% 49% 55% 54% WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER SOUTH DAKOTA UNITED STATES 8 months 13 months 69 months 17.2 34 months N.A.months -2- 17 months Placement Type  SOUTH DAKOTA      UNITED STATES 39% 47% 43% 34% 13% 9% 3% 5% N.A. 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in South Dakota are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER American Indian/Alaskan Native More than one race 30+551 +763 4425 48 4 + 70 5 + 48 56 + 11 33+ 53 7 + 40 48 4 + 55 4 + 48 41 White 30% SOUTH DAKOTA N.A. N.A. 70% N.A. 63% UNITED STATES 43% 5% 48% 51% 33% N.A. 56% N.A. N.A. 9 % 4% 40% 48% N.A. 41% 51% 4% 55% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – South Dakota 70 56 % % White American Indian/ Alaskan Native N.A. More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays SOUTH DAKOTA 18TH 19TH 56 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE SOUTH DAKOTA AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE N.A. N.A. MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AMERICAN INDIAN/ ALASKAN NATIVE MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 15% 24% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 40% 23% 8% Educational Financial Assistance 8% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  SOUTH DAKOTA      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in South Dakota is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 77 % 55 49% % 65% 76 % 85% 59 % 70% 40% 37% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 TENNESSEE PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Tennessee. 171,162 or 25% 5,745 or 41% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Tennessee’s foster care population is ages 14+ Tennessee Foster Care Population Tennessee General Population 100% 69% 62 % 80% 42% 60% 40% 28% 21% 26% 20% 21% 6% 6% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age TENNESSEE Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES TENNESSEE 13161819++ 23212722++ 19 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     59 %  FEMALE 41% 49+51 51% 49% +59 18+ 14 41 15 13% 18% 23% 27% 19% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Tennessee are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 59+420+ 68+ 32+ 21+2257+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 70% 68% 30 % 80% 32% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  57% 60% 0%   2+  30% 21 22% % 1   TENNESSEE      UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  TENNESSEE       UNITED STATES TENNESSEE 2+ Foster Care Episodes TENNESSEE 3+ Foster Care Placements 28% 34% 24% 54% 63% 50% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER TENNESSEE UNITED STATES 10 months 13 months 18 months 17.2 34 months months 17 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  TENNESSEE     UNITED STATES 34% 47% 33% 34% 27% 9% 3% 5% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 4% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Tennessee are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   69+724 65+431 67+528 Statewide 65% 4% 31% 5% 24% 70% 7% N.A. 26% 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 53 7 + 40 54 6 + 40 29% 69% Latino 2670+4 TENNESSEE African American White 67%   OTHER 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 40% 48% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Tennessee 31 24 % % White African American 26 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays TENNESSEE 18TH 19TH 845 34 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE TENNESSEE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 3% N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 2% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% Educational Financial Assistance 23% Room and Board Assistance 29% 19% 33% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  TENNESSEE      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Tennessee is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 44 49% % 61 % % 76 71 % 93% 72% 70% 41% 40% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 TEXAS PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Texas. 171,162 or 25% 8,523 or 17% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Texas’ foster care population is ages 14+ Texas Foster Care Population Texas General Population 100% 80% 60% 42% 41 % 32 21% % 28 21 % 40% % 46% 35% 13% 20% 0 White African American Latino White African American Latino White African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age TEXAS Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES 48+49+52 51 TEXAS 20162119++ 22212122++ 16 14 15 16 17 18+ 20 21% 22% 21% 16% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   14 15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1- 48%  MALE      FEMALE 52% 51% 49% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Texas are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 75+250+ 68+ 32+ 17+1863+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 75 % 68% 25 40% 20% 1      2+        1  51% 60% 32% % 63% 80% 18 19 0%   2+  30% % % 1   TEXAS       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    20%   2      3+  TEXAS       UNITED STATES TEXAS 2+ Foster Care Episodes TEXAS 3+ Foster Care Placements 26% 25% 24% 63% 68% 61% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER TEXAS UNITED STATES 17 months 13 months 48 months 17.2 34 months months 11 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  TEXAS       UNITED STATES 49% 47% 34% 34% 10% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 2% 5% 5% 4% Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Texas are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American Latino 35 51 5 + 63 2 + 44 34 48 4 + 64 2 + 4830 53 7 + 69 1 + 40 38 54 6 + 60 2 + 40 White TEXAS 35% 2% 63% 43% UNITED STATES 34% N.A. 64% 5% 4% 48% 51% 30% N.A. 69% 40% 48% 38% 2% 60% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Texas 64 69 % % White African American 60 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays TEXAS 18TH 19TH 1,166 80 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE TEXAS AFRICAN AMERICAN 5% 7% LATINO WHITE 8% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. N.A.* Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 20% 23% Educational Financial Assistance 9% Room and Board Assistance 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  TEXAS      UNITED STATES * Cannot publish due to a sample size under 10 young people. Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Texas is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 62 % 48% 49% % 73% 76 90% 72% 70% 37% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 UTAH PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Utah. 171,162 or 25% 1,650 or 33% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Utah’s foster care population is ages 14+ Utah Foster Care Population 100% 60% 75% 62 % 80% 42% 40% 28% 21% Utah General Population 24% 6 % 20% 1% 16% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age UTAH Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES UTAH 14161819++ 212122++ 26 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     57 %  FEMALE 43% 49+51 51% 49% +57 18+ 14 43 15 14 18% 21% 21% 26% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Utah are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 78+220+ 68+ 32+ 17+1866+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 78 % 68% 22 1    40% 20%   2+        1  51% 60% 32% % 66% 80% 17 18 0%   2+  30% % % 1   UTAH       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    20%   2      3+  UTAH       UNITED STATES UTAH 2+ Foster Care Episodes UTAH 3+ Foster Care Placements 21% 17% 26% 64% 74% 67% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER UTAH UNITED STATES 13 months 13 months 32 months 17.2 34 months months 19 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  UTAH      UNITED STATES 50% 47% 24% 34% 14% 9% 7% 5% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 5% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Utah are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)     OTHER African American 47 + 13 51 5 + 40 44 49 10 + 41 48 4 + 48 48 4 + 53 7 + 48 40 41 17 + 54 6 + 42 40 Statewide White 40% UTAH 13% 47% 43% UNITED STATES 41% 10% 49% 5% 48% 51% N.A. 4% Latino 17% 41% N.A. 40% 48% 42% N.A. 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Utah 49 N.A. % White African American 41 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays UTAH 18TH 19TH 250 63 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE UTAH AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE 25% N.A. 26% UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 2% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 2% Educational Financial Assistance 23% 5% Room and Board Assistance 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  UTAH      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Utah is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 52% 49% 73% 84 76% % 91% % 62% 70 30% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 VERMONT PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Vermont. 171,162 or 25% 588 or 28% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Vermont’s foster care population is ages 14+ Vermont Foster Care Population 92% 100% Vermont General Population 89% 80% 60% 42% 28% 40% 20% 4% 2% 2% 0 White African American Unknown White African American 2% 1% White Unknown African American Unknown Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age VERMONT Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES VERMONT 18162019++ 212322++ 19 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     57 %  FEMALE 43% 49+51 51% 49% +57 18+ 14 43 15 18% 20% 20% 23% 19% UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Vermont are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 66+340+ 68+ 32+ 18+1765+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 66% 68% 34%   32%   2+        1  51% 60% 40% 20% 1  65% 80% 18 17% 0%   2+  30% % 1   VERMONT      UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    20%   2      3+  VERMONT      UNITED STATES VERMONT 2+ Foster Care Episodes VERMONT 3+ Foster Care Placements 33% 50% N.A. 64% 77% N.A. WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 19% 49% 55% 36% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER VERMONT UNITED STATES 24 months 13 months 30 months 17.2 34 months N.A.months -2- 17 months Placement Type  VERMONT      UNITED STATES 56% 47% 25% 34% 17% 9% N.A. 5% N.A. 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Vermont are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   N.A. 38% 43% UNITED STATES 57% N.A. 37% 5% 48% 51% N.A. 4% N.A. N.A. 40% 48% Unknown 48 + 4 48 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 48 4 + 53 7 + 48 40 57% VERMONT African American White N.A. N.A. 7% 53% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Vermont 37 N.A. % White African American N.A. N.A. 57 38 + 5 57 57 37 + 6 38 5 + Statewide   OTHER 57% 4% 38% Unknown Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays VERMONT 18TH 19TH 94 10 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE VERMONT AFRICAN AMERICAN N.A. N.A. UNKNOWN WHITE 0 UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN UNKNOWN 17% 29% 29% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 48% 23% 16% Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 26% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  VERMONT      UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Vermont is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 56% 49% 66 % 89% 76% 96% 72% 70% 31% 40% N.A. 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 VIRGINIA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Virginia. 171,162 or 25% 2,704 or 35% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Virginia’s foster care population is ages 14+ Virginia Foster Care Population Virginia General Population 100% 80% 60% 42% 40% 58% 48 % 34% 28% 21% 20% 22% 10% 11% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age VIRGINIA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES VIRGINIA 14161819++ 21212622++ 21 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     49 %  FEMALE 51% 49+51 51% 49% +49 18+ 14 51 15 14 18% 21% 26% 21% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Virginia are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 84+160+ 68+ 32+ 24+2155+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 84% 100% 68% 16   40% 20%   2+        1  55% 60% 32% % 1  80% 0%   2+  30% 24% 21% 1   VIRGINIA       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  VIRGINIA       UNITED STATES VIRGINIA 2+ Foster Care Episodes VIRGINIA 3+ Foster Care Placements 15% 18% 13% 51% 61% 52% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER VIRGINIA UNITED STATES 16 months 13 months 24 months 17.2 34 months 16 monthsmonths -2- 17 months Placement Type  VIRGINIA      UNITED STATES 55% 47% 35% 34% 3% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) 7% 5% N.A. 4% Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Virginia are faring. +755 7228+ 20  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide African American White 27% 3% 70% VIRGINIA 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 48% Latino 20% 5% 75% 28% N.A. 72% 53 + 7 40 54 6 + 40 24+551 73 3 + 4427 48 4 + 70 + 3 48 24% 3% 73%   OTHER 40% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Virginia 70 75 % % White African American 72 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays VIRGINIA 18TH 19TH 489 15 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE VIRGINIA AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 13% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 15% Educational Financial Assistance 7% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  VIRGINIA       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Virginia is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 55% 49% 62 % 86% 76% 94% 73% 70% 33% 31% 40% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 WASHINGTON PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Washington. 171,162 or 25% 3,156 or 19% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Washington’s foster care population is ages 14+ Washington Foster Care Population Washington General Population 100% 62% 80% 60% 49% 42 % 40% 5% 20% 21% 12 % 21% 7 % 18% 0 White More than one race Latino White More than one race White Latino More than one race Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age WASHINGTON Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES WASHINGTON 17161919++ 18211722++ 28 14 16 17 15 16 17 28% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     46 %  FEMALE 54% 49+51 51% 49% +46 18+ 14 54 15 17 19% 18% 17% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Washington are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 67+330+ 68+ 32+ 24+1563+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 67% 68% 33% 60% 32% 40% 20% 1      2+        1  61% 80% 0%   2+  30% 24% 15% 1   WASHINGTON       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  WASHINGTON       UNITED STATES WASHINGTON 2+ Foster Care Episodes WASHINGTON 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 37% 33% 60% 64% 63% WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 38% 31% 49% 54% 49% WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER WASHINGTON UNITED STATES 31 months 13 months 42 months 17.2 34 months N.A.months -2- 17 months Placement Type  WASHINGTON      UNITED STATES 54% 47% 18% 34% 10% 9% 15% 5% 4% 4% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Washington are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   66 69+1+30 67+1+32 33 + 1 Statewide 69% N.A. 30% N.A. 66% N.A. 34% 61% N.A. 38% 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 55 4 + 41 54 6 + 40 32% Latino 3861+1 WASHINGTON More than one race White 67%   OTHER 43% UNITED STATES 5% 4% 48% 51% 41% 48% 4% 39% 55% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Washington 30 34 % % White More than one race 38 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays WASHINGTON 18TH 19TH 437 217 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE WASHINGTON MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO WHITE 44% 57% 56% UNITED STATES -3- MORE THAN ONE RACE LATINO 17% 24% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 14% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 8% Educational Financial Assistance 7% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  WASHINGTON       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Washington is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 40% 39% 49% 63 % % 76 69 % 91% 65% 70% 30% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 WEST VIRGINIA PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in West Virginia. 171,162 or 25% 2,736 or 29% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of West Virginia’s foster care population is ages 14+ West Virginia Foster Care Population 90% 86% 100% West Virginia General Population 80% 60% 42% 40% 28% 5% 7% 5% 20% 5% 3% 0 White African American More than one race White African American White More than one race African American More than one race Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age WEST VIRGINIA Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES WEST VIRGINIA 16162019++ 25212422++ 15 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     56 %  FEMALE 44% 49+51 51% 49% +56 18+ 14 44 15 16 20% 25% 24% 15% % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in West Virginia are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 68+320+ 68+ 32+ 44+2333+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 68% 80% 60% 32% 32% 44 % 40% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   WEST VIRGINIA       UNITED STATES % 33 23 30% %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  WEST VIRGINIA       UNITED STATES WEST VIRGINIA 2+ Foster Care Episodes WEST VIRGINIA 3+ Foster Care Placements 32% 21% 36% 34% 27% 29% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 38% 49% 55% 54% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER WEST VIRGINIA UNITED STATES 13 months 13 months 14 months 17.2 34 months 9 monthsmonths -2- 17 months Placement Type  WEST VIRGINIA      UNITED STATES 30% 47% 57% 34% 8% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 2% 5% 2% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in West Virginia are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   Statewide   OTHER African American Latino 1086+4 87 6 7 + 87 8 5 + 87 8 + 5 White 87% 8% 87% 8% 5% 87% N.A. N.A. 86% N.A. N.A. 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 53 7 + 40 54 6 + 40 WEST VIRGINIA 5% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 48% 51% 4% 40% 48% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – West Virginia 8 % White N.A. N.A. African American More than one race Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays WEST VIRGINIA 18TH 19TH 327 40 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE WEST VIRGINIA AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE WHITE 9% N.A. N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN MORE THAN ONE RACE 17% 29% 24% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. Employment Programs/ Vocational Training N.A.* 23% Educational Financial Assistance 70% 23% 23% 19% Room and Board Assistance 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  WEST VIRGINIA       UNITED STATES * Cannot publish due to a sample size under 10 young people. Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in West Virginia is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% % 56% 49 43 72% 76% 92% 54% % 70% 40% 38% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 WISCONSIN PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Wisconsin. 171,162 or 25% 2,968 or 26% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Wisconsin’s foster care population is ages 14+ Wisconsin Foster Care Population 100% 76% 80% 60% Wisconsin General Population 42% 40% 47% 28% 21% 32% 10% 20% 8% 9% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age WISCONSIN Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES WISCONSIN 17162319++ 25212022++ 15 14 16 17 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   15 16 17 18+ 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     54 %  FEMALE 46% 49+51 51% 49% +54 18+ 23% 25% 20% 15% 14 46 15 17 % UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Wisconsin are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 65+350+ 68+ 32+ 33+2047+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 65% 68% 35% 80% 60% 32% 40% 33% 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  1   WISCONSIN       UNITED STATES 47% 30% 20 %    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  WISCONSIN       UNITED STATES WISCONSIN 2+ Foster Care Episodes WISCONSIN 3+ Foster Care Placements 33% 36% 34% 40% 58% 45% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER WISCONSIN UNITED STATES 11 months 13 months 28 months 17.2 34 months months 24 months -2- 17 months Placement Type  WISCONSIN      UNITED STATES 52% 47% 37% 34% 4% 9% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 3% 5% 4% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Wisconsin are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   55 42 + 3 Statewide 47% 43% UNITED STATES 48 + 4 48 38+ 54 + 8 53 7 + 40 54 6 + 40 47 + 5 51 5 + 48 44 55% 4% 42% 4% 5% 51% Latino 48% 38% 8% 54% 4% 40% 48% 55% N.A. 4455+1 WISCONSIN African American White 48%   OTHER 44% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Wisconsin 42 54 % % White African American 44 % Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays WISCONSIN 18TH 19TH 274 40 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE WISCONSIN AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. 25% N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 12% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training 23% 11% Educational Financial Assistance 4% Room and Board Assistance 23% 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  WISCONSIN       UNITED STATES Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Wisconsin is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 62 % 49% 71% 77 76% % 93% 57 % 70% 40% 33% 31% 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4- 2018 WYOMING PROFILE TRANSITION-AGE YOUTH IN FOSTER CARE The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a pivotal developmental stage as young people learn the skills needed to be healthy and productive adults. This process can be complicated for youth with foster care experience. Here’s what we know about the experiences of these youth in Wyoming. 171,162 or 25% 627 or 31% of United States’ foster care population is ages 14+ United States Foster Care Population of Wyoming’s foster care population is ages 14+ Wyoming Foster Care Population 100% 79% 73 % 80% 42% 60% 28% 21% 40% 4 % 20% Wyoming General Population 19% 2% 0 White African American Latino White African American White Latino African American 13% Latino Above charts are based on the three largest racial and ethnic groups in this state for foster care. For additional data, please visit the KIDS COUNT Data Center, http://datacenter.kidscount.org. Youth in Foster Care by Age WYOMING Youth in Foster Care by Sex* UNITED STATES WYOMING 191619++ 31212522++ 6 15 14 15 16 % 17 6% 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   16 17 18+ 0%    10%    20%    30%    40%    50%   -1-  MALE     55 %  FEMALE 45% 49+51 51% 49% +55 18+ 25 31% 16 19% 21% 22% 22% % 45 19 19% % 14 UNITED STATES * Sex is based on gender at birth. In addition to the trauma of abuse or neglect that resulted in being removed from their homes and placed in the foster care system, experiences while in foster care — including frequent moves — can lead to worse outcomes for youth. Looking at these indicators helps us understand how youth with foster care experience in Wyoming are faring and provides insight into the changes needed to improve the lives of these young people. Number of Placements During Most Recent Foster Care Episode Episodes in the Foster Care System 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 54+460+ 68+ 32+ 55+2024+ 0+ 30+ 20+ 51+ 100% 68% 54 46% % 80% 60% 32% 55% % 20% 1      2+        1  0%   2+  30% % 20 24 40% 1   WYOMING       UNITED STATES    2     3+       1    51% 20%   2      3+  WYOMING       UNITED STATES WYOMING 2+ Foster Care Episodes WYOMING 3+ Foster Care Placements 44% 58% 48% 25% N.A. 19% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO UNITED STATES 2+ Foster Care Episodes UNITED STATES 3+ Foster Care Placements 30% 35% 31% 49% 55% 49% WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO The percentage of young people in each racial and ethnic group who have experienced multiple foster care episodes and placements. Time in Foster Care by Exit Outcome or Type PERMANENCY EMANCIPATION    OTHER WYOMING UNITED STATES 8 months 13 months 33 months 17.2 34 months 4 monthsmonths -2- 17 months Placement Type  WYOMING      UNITED STATES 26% 47% 59% 34% 13% 9% N.A. 5% Family based (includes: pre-adoptive, relative and nonrelative) Group (includes: group home, institution) Trial home visit (includes: trial home visit) 2% 4% Supervised independent living Runaway Reasons for Leaving Foster Care Lingering in foster care, experiencing unstable placement settings while in foster care and leaving foster care without a permanent, legal connection to family are important indicators of how youth in Wyoming are faring.  PERMANENCE       EMANCIPATION/ AGE-OUT (NON-PERMANENCY)   73 7 20 + 73 7 + 20 Statewide African American Latino 21% 72% 21% 7% 7% 43% UNITED STATES 5% 48% 51% 4% 25+68+7 51 + 5 44 48 4 + 48 48 4 + 53 7 + 48 40 54 6 + 40 White 73% WYOMING   OTHER N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 40% 48% 68% 7% 39% 53% 7% 54% Due to rounding some charts may not equal 100% Percentage of Youth Who Emancipated by Race – Wyoming 7 N.A. % White African American N.A. Latino Number of Young People in Care on Their 18th and 19th Birthdays WYOMING 18TH 19TH 37 N.A. 18TH UNITED STATES 19TH 24,797 6,489 Percentage Still in Care on Their 19th Birthday WHITE WYOMING AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO WHITE N.A. 0 N.A. UNITED STATES -3- AFRICAN AMERICAN LATINO 17% 29% 37% Services Transition services, such as vocational training and housing assistance, are designed to help young people with foster care experience transition to adulthood. Participation in federally funded transition services provides a window into how well young people are being equipped for employment, education and housing. 14% Employment Programs/ Vocational Training Educational Financial Assistance Room and Board Assistance N.A.* 23% 23% N.A.* 19% 0%                20%               40%             60%              80%            100%  WYOMING       UNITED STATES * Cannot publish due to a sample size under 10 young people. Young Adult Outcomes by Age 21 Research shows that young adults who experienced foster care have worse outcomes than their peers in the general population across a variety of spectrums — from education to employment to housing to early parenthood. Examining data on these outcomes in Wyoming is important as we strive to improve the practices, programs and policies that help ensure these young people have the relationships, resources and opportunities they need for well-being and success. 100% 80% 60% 60 % 49% 69% 76% 76% 95% 64% 70% 31% 40% N.A. 20% 0% Full/Part Time Employment High School Diploma/GED+ Stable Housing Young Parents  STATE’S FOSTER CARE POPULATION       U .S. FOSTER CARE POPULATION       STATE’S GENERAL POPULATION -4-