a w? .. INELFLMILN LLIITLUJEL I 1 . . M?n?q? 34426 ?ma-RP HEFEIN Umra?c FOIA rel-L35 ?gum-$11: tincnt. 11?? he following ..- I . a:lg? - O?ly revicwcc?. 50: C1 . F- ULIUS . 2/ SERIALS 3 Zia-7LJWd?wi-pr Lam VJW80:! amaoo . . . (2 J, P37 *2 -. - ?war-H- - . .- Um 17-] (Rev. 8-11-03) JILL II GENE-ET I '3wa TftI ME 32:7 HEREIN PE: EVE The following documents appearing in FBI ?les have been reviewed under the provisions of The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (Title 5, United States Code, Section 552); Privacy Act of 1974 (PA) (Title 5, United States Code, Section 552a); and/or Litigation. El El Litigation Cl Executive Order Applied Requester: Subject: Computer or Case Identi?cation Number: Title of Case: Section File Serials Reviewed: Release Location: *File Section This ?le section has been scanned into the FOIPA Document Processing System (FDPS) prior to National Security Classi?cation review. Please see the documents located in the FDPS for current classi?cation action, if warranted. DirectD 6 inquires about the FDPS to RIDS Service Request U11: 337$ File Number: #72 .. I Section 2 Serial(s) Reviewed: FOIPA Requester: FOIPA Subject: FOIPA Computer Number: 0 7 9 44? File Number: Section Seria1(s) Reviewed: FOIPA Requester: FOIPA Subject: FOIPA Computer Number: File Number: Section Serial(s) Reviewed: FOIPA Requester: FOIPA Subject: FOIPA Computer Number: FORM HS TO BE MAINTAINED AS THE SERHAL OF THE FTLE, BUT NOT SERTAILTZED. ATTENTION DO NOT REMOVE FROM FILE rww-ur-n? mee?3133113313133 re33- 3333 33 333331m3 A '53 3 -.. 1.213 A FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION I $1135.35; ORIGINATED AT ALBAN SE 1365?3111; 7' REPORT MADE AT DATE WHEN PERIOD FOR MADE ?1 I SEATTLE, 3133133103 342%}, 7-2 8?50 TITLE 1 I: OFCASE SYNOPSIS 0F PDT-1 1?1?11 STEP-1T REPORT I Dr. HAHS P. BIBTHE, A723 Fast 36th Street, Seattle, Hashinrton, advised first met CTOR H. D. ROSS in 1 December, l9h5, VIhen ROSS recosimended to him.as attorney. 3 H08 per1ormed legal serv1ces for BETHE in connection 1- W1th liouse purchase. EIIOSS initiated social acquaintance? ship by inviting BETHES to his home, which invitati_on was .1 returned by BL THE, wever, no close relationship developed. 3 ., stills maintains friendly but not close relations hip I: with ROSS. Claims opinions very close to Cormunist 1% Party line. In February, l9L6, AOSS told BETHE that SAHAHT 131 was working for Bell Telephone Laboratories, H. Y. 0., and - was very interested in studying physics. ROSS solicited 3.1333 help to enable SPLRAHT to enter Cornell graduate student. BETHE did not commi himself to any sponsorship, but agreed to talk with SARAHT to ascertain if qualified._ BETHE first met SARAHT, Hay, l9h6, with ROSS re qualifications to enter graduate School. SPR not qualified and was so adviSed by BETLH. BETHE recommended SARAIIT study to 1urther qualify himself before application BETHE claims he told IIead 01 Physics saw no reason to 1ecommend M. 931313141. r1133 A could be_c0nsidered. Department, Cornell, that he SARAIIT and subsequently SAP-II spy lication re f?used. erg?? to Ithaca, New York, fall 1936, which 3333 3 . considered stranr.:e because SETH HT 11 ad no job or'assurenoe A oi acceptance at Cornell. In late 1all OI 19L6, Physics . . Laboratory, Cornell, began cons truction o: and because electrical enI Dineers 3.3plied . . 1 for and received Job. claims not con1idential work and SARAHT had no access to any confidential DO NOT WRITE IN THE SPACE - k/ \\11 PM m; AAanm- APPROVED AND SPECIAL AGENT . IN CHARGE FORWARDED: COPIES OF THIS REPORT - Bureau I I I 1 I~P1fot1 u?fzk fail-T? SEP 15:31 ?y 3 Albany 1 11 2 Seattle u. 5. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1&w39035-1 1 SE 65-31lh . b7ce?~ data at Cornell. Only confidential informa at b6 ?r - a 'was on b7C??' which information main? tained in two safes in office at Cornell? b7D BETHE claims SARANT close friend of graduate student in physics Cornell, who BETHE describes as ?close to the left". described as close friend of a Professor MDRRISON of Physics Department, Cornell, and that hot] arid. ran-F4 1w?. :I-ra DmnH-nn?c-I: 1-1: Party, Ithaca; aw ork. January, 1950, had access to combination of a safe con- a' co 'd-n 'a 0 tion relating to BETHE denies close b6 relationship with SARANT, stating has not talked to b7c SARANT for over one hour during entire time he has known him. Explains BETHES gave present to SARANT baby because of fee '7 obligation for free legal service rendered by and because of acquaintance" ship of 5 wife with] Iwho resided next door to SARAHTS. BETHE denies ever know? ing or contacting JULIUS ROSENBERG, WILLIAM PERL, JOEL BARR, MAX ELITCHER, MORTON SOBELL or HARRY GOLD. Denies that any approach in any manner ever made to him on part of any person to furnish information to an apparent espionage agent. Possibility that BETHE may have been target of Russian espionage and given to an assignment in espionage ring presented to BETHE, and he stated that SARANT did not pursue the development of his friendship and BETHE never got impression that SARANT wanted technical data nor did SARAHT ever ask for such. BETIJ states his impression of SAR NT is that SARANT is "leftist in his ideology". RUG DETAILS: AT SEATTLE, WASHINGTON The fo lowing investigation was conducted by Special Agent and the writer. b6 b7C - ,?qu?rr SE 65-3llh Dr. HANS A. East 36th Street, Seattle, washington, 'was interviewed on July 28, 1950. Dr. BETHE has been employed as a summer faculty member of the Physics Department, University of Washington at Seattle.? advised that he first met VICTOR D. ROSS in December, l9hS, when recommended to him as an attorney by a b6 fellow professor at Cornell, was engaged by BETHE b7C to perform legal services in connection with a purchase of a home in Ithaca. Dr. BETHE states that ROSS did considerable legal work in connection with this matter. BETHE stated that ROSS refused to accept a fee for his legal services in connection with this house purchase and when asked why, ROSS stated that it would be necessary for him to charge Dr. BETHE approximately $31,009.00 if he were adequately paid for his services, and he knew that Dr. did not desire to pay that large a fee. BETHE stated that it was his impression that ROSS desired his friendship and that this_may have been the major reason for refusing a fee. ROSS impressed BETHE as being an individual who sought the friend?' ship of college professors and may have desired social acquaintanceship because of reputation as a nuclear physicist. ROSS initiated a social acquaintanceship with Dr. BETHE by inviting the BETHES to his home,?which invitation was returned on one occasion by the however, no close social relationship developed. BETHE stated that ROSS since has drawn up a will for and perfOrmed legal service for BETHE's rife in drawing up a charter for a club to aid an Ithaca hospital in'whicf is interested. BETHE stated that he stillnaintains a friendly, but definitely not a close relationship b6 with ROSS, stating he has nothing in common'rith ROSS on which to base b7C a close friendship. stated that he has paid ROSS for his legal service in connection'with this will and charter. ROSS and BETHE, during the few times they met socially, had violent political discussions, according to BETHE. He stated that he and ROSS thoroughly disagreed on politics and the heated arguments he had with ROSS left BETHE with the impression that 3088' opinions were very close to the Communist Party line. He further stated it was his impression that ROSS was politically naive. BETHE stated that he has no information to indicate that ROSS is a Communist Party'member, but dees know that ROSS has been an active supporter of the Progressive Partys -3- SE 65?311h In February, l9h6, ROSS told BETTE aoOut his son-in?law, ALFM who at that time was working for Bell Eeleplione Laboratories at NeW?York City and who was very interested in studying physics. states tliat ROSS a shed him if he could help SARATJT ent yer Cornell Univer? mity as a graduate student. BETRE claims he told ROSS that he was not in a position to con1mit himself to sponsor anybody, but would be glad to talk to SARANT to ascertain if SARANT were sufficiently qualified to enter the graduate school at Cornell. BETHE states that it'was not his impression at the time that ROSS was at+ empting to push him into spons or? ing SARANT and that the discussion regarding son-in-laW'sas enti_rely normal a.nd brought up during normal conve rssitions. During approximately IAay, l9h6, BETHE firs met SARATN 'When SARANT was brought to E's office at the University of Cornell by his father?in?law, ROSS. states that he talked with SARANT at this time for a short time concern? ing qualifications. BETNE claimed that from his discussion with SARANT, it was apparent that SARANT was not qualified to enter the graduate school in physics and teat he so advised SARANT. Dr. BETHE advise that he told SARANT it'nould be necessary for him to further qualify himself before his applicationc con.ld be considered inasmuch as there were many better ciualified students who were seeking admission to the Graduate school at Cornell and that many students better qualified than he were being refused adm?tance because of the large number desiring acceptance in this field. THE recorrmended several general physics texts for SARANT to study, but told him that his chances for admiss -ion were not good. Later, BETHE told the Head of the Physics Department at Cornell that in regard to application, he, BETHE, saw no reason to recommend SARANT and that sues equently application was refused. Also concerning application, BETHE states that he received a letter from Bell Telephone Laboratories in New York City in'which the Bell Telephone Company advised that SARANT had been an agitator in union activities while employed at Bell Telephone Laboratories. In view of BEThn's refusal to sponsor SA acceptance by the Physics Department at Cornell as a graduate student, he said that he was very surprised when SARANT decided to go to Ithaca anyway in the fall of l9h6. He said that he consid_ered it very strange that SARANT SE should give up a position with Bell Telephone Laboratories because he definitely gave SARANT no encouragement and SARANT had no assurance what" soever of acceptance at Cornell. Further, Dr. BETNE states to his knowledge SANAN had no promise of any job in Ithaca when he first went there. Several months later, which Dr. BETHE placed as approximately late fall in November or December, l9h6, the Physics Laboratory at Cornell University began construction of a He explained that this machine is used to generate electrons and is in no respect confidential. Electrical b6 engineers were required for this construction aid SARANT applied and b7c received a position as an electrical engineer. BFTHE states that he does not lcnow how knew of this position, but states the it used the Physics Library at Cornell from time to time for individual study and also was acquainted closely with onel a graduate student in physics at the University. It was Dr. hiHE?s guess that SARANT - heard of a possible position on this construction through vas de scribed by Dr. ETNE as ?close to the left and active in the Progressive Party". Dr. NETHE stated that during the time that employed at Cornell, the University had no confidential contracts and that SANANT had no access to confidential data in his verork on the s*1chrotron. BETHE stated that the only confidential information of which he was aware at Cornell Univers ity at this time was contained in various documents re-lating to a confidential consultant contract which has had with the Atomic Eneryv Commission since the term.ination of his duties at Los Alamos, New Nexico, but claims that no access to this information. BETHE stated was employed at California Technical Institute and may have had access to classifi.ed iniormation at that time which possibly could have been avail? able to SARANT. - Concerning the confidential information in the possession b6 of BETNE, he stated that all'documents relating? to his consultant contract 1079 are now maintained in two safes in his office at Cornell University. The combination to one safe is known only himself and the combination to b7C the other safe is known only to himself he The last mentionedIanmhinaiinn4w1s Chang. zed by order of the b7n Atomic Energy Commission in nut "?ne hrmvinnc: to this safe was known to and SE 65~31ih both of the Physics Department at Cornell. BET HE stated thatl did not know SARANT and'was not close tel hen" be only as a graduate student. b6 also did not probably know SARAH andwam a t-d'withl Ionhy b7c as a eraduate student 2' the Universit . dvised, however, the vas close to and both were aetiv in the Progressive Party in Ithaca. a that this was .of the County Progressive Party at Ithaca at that 1 Ema. Concerning BETHE's relationship with SARANT, BETHE categorically denied that he had ever maintained.any close relatj Lonship with ALFRED SAHANT, stating that he he probably not talked to SAHANT for ever a total of an hour in all the time he had known him and that the longest conversation he ever held with SAHANT was during the first meeting with him. BETHE denied ever discussing any confidential data 'with SARANT and further denied that he ever entertained SARANT in his home or was ever in SAHANT's home. He stated he would describe his relationship with SAHANT as heine distantlv acquainted'with him. stated however, that hi was a close friend of which resulted becausel ad amt a a nursery so 00 where the BETHE children had att "Hat -w~s b6 very much loved by the children. an visited back and forth quite a bit and because of the :act that ALFRED SARANT and his wife were next-door neighbors the had been in the SAHANT home on several coca with stated that his wife pitied. because i -h was the type of woman who had as :treme dif.ficulty in managing her household and'wes constantly beset little problems. Dr. BETHE explained that he and his wife had {given a oresent to the SARANTS on the birth of their child because of the feel'ce which had been rendered BETHE stated that he had no idea what the gift had seen and is sure that the value was definitely not in any respect equal to the is @al service rendered. He stated that his wife took care of this neat her . Dr. ETHE denied ever knowing or contacting JULIUS ROSENBERG, PERL, JO JL BARR, HAX ELITCHER, HORTON SOBELL or HARRY GOLD. 6 as 65-31111 BETHES denied that any approa .ch in any manner has ever been nzade to hinl on the part of any person to furnish iniorxnation to an apparent espionage agent. The possibility that Dr. BETHE ma -y have been a target oi' Russian espionaa and that his development may have been given to as an assignment in.an espionage ring was presented to Dr. BETHE. He stated that SARANT did not pursue the development of his friendship and BETHE never got the impression that NT manta technical data nor did SAEANT ever ask tor such. He reiterated that he has had hardly any actual contact with states that his impression oi SARANT that is "leftist in his whict impression he received be because of SARANT's association with and also because of b7C iews. He further stated that he had no eVidence to indicate ?nau ARANT was a Communist and actually had no personal information to indicate that SARANT even sympathized with the Communist Party and that impression that a "leftist" is based on no actual knowledge on his part. SARANT, according to BE1EHE, is a frustrated type who gives the impression that he feels that he has never had a chance to perform adequate with his ability; hoWever, according to BETNE, technical ability is strictly average Dr. BETNE advised thai;he had no knowledge of any espionage activi.ties on the part of any person except what has appeared recently in the public press and stated that he had no further iniormation con? cerning ALFRED SARANT. NEEFERRED UPON TO EHE OF URI.GIN- SE 65-311u REFERENCJJ: Albany teletype to Bureau and Seattle, dated July 26;, 1950; Seattle teletype to Bureau and Albany, dated July 28, 1950. s'rAvaRD FORM N0. 64 O?ice Memorandum UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT TO 0. E. DATE- August 31,1951 . D222: 22 22~2222 .2 FROM E- F- EMF-TUE 22222221222 22 2222222222222222222 D222222122 22: 222 2,2 s?2: #23? SUBJECT: HANS ALBREGH BBTHE 12?11?2222 :bE . ESPIONAGE - 2 272__ 222 12222222222 222T21222 *ij 222222 22 222222222122.2222PT . l- .m we mom 22222 22222 222222222 5; I . To recommend that the Bureau immediately open a.file in the above-captioned matter and conduct an ap- propriate investigation relative to the activities and associates af Hans Albrecht Bethe, Prafessor in the Department of Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 5 one of the leading nuclear physicists in the United States. To advise that Bethe was investigated prior to April, 1947, as an Atomic Energy Act applicant as a result af which he was given a clearance by ABC. lb further indicate that recently apon interview Bethe has admitted his association with Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs, convicted Soviet agent. Also, that Bethe? 3 name was ?furnished to Julius Rosenberg, convicted Soviet agent, through Harry Gold, confessed Soviet agent, by David Greenglass, in June, 1945, as a possible recruit?for the espionage network and one whom Greenglass considered as ?leftist? inclined. advise that Rosenberg is reported to have ed that Bethe was one qf the contacts qf a known member qf the Rosenberg espionage network who has.f1ed the United States. To note that Bethe is known to have expressed his opinion wherein hekadvocated a,free exchange af scientific data among all scientists. Further, that Bethe is expected to attend the International Conference on Naclear Physics to be held in Chicago, Illinois, on September 1951. BACKGROUND 77/) a .. if 1 2.741242? 24?_ 725 5'5- Hans Albrech?g?gthe?was born in Strasbourg, Germany, 5162 July 2,1906. Be rece ved his degree in science.from Uni Manic ermany, an as ere ,wl- 1X 92 RECORDED 45 2 A- woman-45 55$; 7547 77?: (5 Ex; 67 after.employed as a lecturer and teacher af theoretical physics in Germany until 1933. From 1933 to 1935, he rresided in England, performing research work at Manchester and Bristol, ?ngland. Bethe was brought to the United States.from England as a refugee?from Germany in 1935 b6 by the faculty of the Department of Physics, carnell b7c ?University, Ithaca, New fork.v Since that year, he has \been a prafessor oj'physics at 2- From 1942 to 1943, Bethe was connected with the Radiation Laboratory qf.MlY; Cambridge, Massachusetts, and from 1943 to 1946, he served as division leader in the Theoretical Physics Department qf the University of California at Los Alamos, New.Mewico. Since 1947, he has been a consultant,for'the Brookhaven National Laboratory and the University af Galifornia at Los Alamos. He is also known to have served in an advisory capacity on the highly confidential "Lexington Project" wherein the results at? research on the NEPA (Nuclear Energy?for the Propulsion qf Aircraft) Project were developed. Bethe is married td Iwhc is reported to be the daughter of?a professor in Germany who was?famous for his unrk in connection with Zerays. Bethe received his United States citizenship on February 10, 1941, at Ithaca, New York. (116-2241) PREVIOUS INVESTIGATION Bethe was investigated in early 1947 as an applicant under .theAtomic Energy Act for the position of consultant at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long ?Island, New York. His associates and acquaintances reported Jhim to be qf excellent .It was indicated by these?acguaintances that they considered him strongly anti-Nazi ayg The investigation reflected that he was not glosely associated with his?fellow sta?f memberr at Cornell University, Philip Morrison, who was alleged to have worked closely with the Communist Party, although no actual 0P membership was ever established. At the conclusion af this investigation, Bethe was given a a clearance by 130. (116-2341) INFORMAZTON Bethe was known sly associated at Los Alamos with one an admitted 0P member who was discharged.from the project b6 as a security risk. He lso admitted a close association b7c with Ifcr the University of California at LosAlamos.! was reported in 1948 to be a member qf vario a 2a'ions which were Communist infiltrated, and to be in contact with persons having Communist sympathies. (116-8793-14;116-22541-34) a Win. Bethe upon interview in February, 1950, admitted he had known Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs, convicted Soviet agent, since 1934, having met him at the University of Bristol, England;ifurther, that Bethe visited him in Schenectady, New ?%a9 York, in 1946 and at Ithaca in the Spring of 1948 or 1949. 'p?g'Bethe visited Fuchs in England (Harwell)ddring the Summer of 1948. (65-58805-326) ., An article appeared in the New York Jaurnal American on February 5, 1950, wherein Bethe is quoted with respect to his knowledge of the activities of Fuchs. According to one of the press correspondents, Bethe, subsequent to his q?ficial %wf statement as appearing in this article, commented a?f the 'fi record that he could understand why-Fuchs did what he did. He kwas repdnted to be sympathetic with Fuchs' attitude because ??fter all, a scientist is of the world and worhs?for the ?world." Sub A) David Greenglass, confessed Soviet agent, advised; previously that he;furnished the name of Bethe to Rosenberg along with a list qr scientists employed at Los Alamos. Further, that he never met Bethe but,from conversation with several af the employees had gained the impression that Bethe was "leftist" iinclined. These employees upon interview denied ever making b6 such statements or implications concerning Bethe. Greenglas b7C on interview on July 2, 1951, advised that he?furnished the inane of Hans Bethe to Harry Gold, confessed Soviet agent, on June 4, 1945, as a possible uit. He stated that, according to one his.fellow employee at Los Alamos, Bethe He mentioned ?n H. that he gave Bethe?s to a?F3quest received through .2- Pm eV? his wife who, in turn, had received her instructions.from Julius Rosenberg, convicted Soviet espionage agent. He indicated that the list including Bethe' name was there- after turned over by Gold to Anatole Yakovlev, then Vice Consul of the USSR Consulate in New York. Greenglass informed that he never thereafter spoke to Rosenberg or Gold abOat Bethe, hnOQ whether Bethe was_eUEFr actually recruited intawesp_onage work. (65-3 '33 5" bl UV On April 4, 1951, advised that Rosenberg, while discussing Alfred Sarant, a known member'af the Rosenberg espiona-ge network, who has'fled?from the United States, indicated that Sarnnt,hr? a cnn+nc+ in nornell whom he mentioned asmbeing a (phonetic). 0n b2 27,1951, this sane in orman a ed that he was subew sequently advi ed bu Bosenbero tha 'Sarant had two ewc.alleaif; tnn-r. ?ne was re erring to e?t a both af whom were in the Phys.cs Depaftm Cornell Universit . 307E) It is noted that Sarant wpon interview prior to his departure?from the United States admitted a social acquaintance with Bethe, who sponsored his (Sarant?s) entrance into the graduate school at Cornell University. Further, it is mentioned that there was located among Sarant' possesSions a receipt dated.Earch 1949, .frOm the Robinson Airlines oalling,for the airline? transportation af Philip Morrison to New York City. Sarant was unable to ewplain in what manner he obtained possession of this receipt. During the permissive search qf Sarant's home a letter dated September 21, 1946, was located. This letter, which was written by William Perl, another member qf the Rosenberg espionage network, advised that he, Perl, had heard and seen Bethe at the Physics Society meeting and considered him "hot stw?f. . 65-59336, NY rep 8-16-51) Bethe is reported to have attended a conference of the world?s leading nuclear hysicists which was held b6 under the auspices in Denmark during June, b7c 1951. He is also ewpec attend an International Conference on Nuclear Physics which is-to be held in Chicago, Illinois, during the period September 1? to 22, 1951. As is previausly indicated in this memorandum, the name qf Hans Bethe was?farnished to the Soviets by David Greenglass on June 4,1945, as a possible espionage recruit. This was done under the instructions af Rosenberg, who headed a Soviet espionage network comprised oj'persons with scientific background who were concentrating their efforts to obtain confidentialc?wa pertaining to aeronautical, scientific and atomic energy research and development in this country. It will be recalled that.A1fred Sarant, who had been residing in the apartment at 65 Morton Street, New City, which has been almost positively identified as the conspiratorial apartment which was used photographic work on the part qf members af the Rosenberg espionage network, mmoved to Ithaca, New York, in September, 1946, in order to pursue graduate work _at Cornell University. Sarant, according to his own statement, .first made the acquaintance of Hans Bethe through his,father- in- -law, Victor D. Boss, in July, 1946, and Bethe consented km to sponsor Sarant? entrance into the graduate school at b6 Cornell University. It is noted, however, that Sarant oon- b7c tinued to pay rental?for the 65 Morton Street apartment until b7D January, 1950, during which period the apartment wa ortion of time by Joel Barr, William Perl and I I Barr and Perl are known to tone been ctive mem ers osenberg espionage parallel and is alleged to have been one of the latest recruits in at group, according to information obtained?from b6 b7C ?is, As Sarant is known to have been an active member af the Rosenberg espionage network, it appears that his moving to Ithaca, New York, and continuing his studies at Cornell University may have been done under the speCij?c instructions qf Rosenberg.' It is noted in this respect that Merton Sobell, Joel William Perl, after having been out qf college.for several yeans, re-entered a leading university to pursue,scientific studies. Further, David Greenglass upon completion af his assignment at Los Alamos was requested by Rosenberg to enter a university to continue his scientific training. It is logical to assume that Sarant, by reason on his entree to Bethe through his father-in-law, was sent to Cornell University in line with the a?forts af the b2 Rosenberg espionage network to penetrate theifield af be atomic and nuclear physics research, in which.field Bethe b7C mos Tendiny consultant. It is noted that, according to. b7D Rosenberg has advised that he made several trips . to visit Sarant in Ithaca, New York, in order to pick up espionage material. It would therefore,follow that such material was undoubtedly obtained by Sarant at Cornell University through his contacts there, persons as Bethe, Philip Mbrrison, andl a suspected member qf the Rosenberg espionage network. In this respect, both Greenclass and have advised that Rosenbergl b2 b6 b7C 1371) RECOMMEWDAZTON In view af the,foregoing, it is recommended that an Espionage - 3 file be immediately opened on Hans Albrecht Bethe and that a thorough and extensive investigation be conducted concerning this individual to determine his activities, associates and contacts since 1947. This investigation should also be,for the purpose of ascertaining the extent of Bethe?s association with Sarant and to further eeplore the possibility that Bethe may have made available to Sarant the NERA or other confidential material which was subsequently turned over to the Soviets by members of the Rosenberg espionage network. - 70?506 Memorandum UNITED STATES 1 .To - . 31333213. 153: - 15;" '5 mm 55W 55 5555 - 5. 11133311111311 331111111311- 31-15153115 1-3, 1.111121113313131 5 .. ?55553. 55 55-55513- 55- 50555531 131313152515! 5551555 13? 15.1 ,1 11?? I1IIJ I . 55' 3% 555mm :51. 4?3 aim-5 - 55- 5W ., "b6 #555 55* En .ism to'kw?u?wt harm . .5355515-5 ,1 .pf' . W. b6 - 1376 1376 . . . . ?0111;111511 311.313 111 1.3.1317 -I . . ALL II-Imlamnan 11111111111111 1 3: :1 - 2331?;- ET cm mA? A 1 . 25/11/17 I 2. .. 5/15/41? 21.4.th . -. '5 . . 6/19/41? I 7 I .I 7136 - I 41 5/19/17 f1 IJ ?5 1/11/1111 i Viurmmt ?uid ?11'1? Wat af?ict Sam I my". taxman? ENCLOSURE ?g Q3 $0393? 3 :33 1M mm 3 3/89/33 3. 3/33/43 .Q 5/39/33 3735/3 5/39/33 'f 3/73/33 ., 5/39/37 1 "33/29/33 .EFEEJMTIGN m3; Tm?gm HEW #3133313: 3:33 3.332: L355 31313:: DATE Bf E??iigf??r?LE 3331161113 Wl?l?m?? B3 Army Air 333-333 3333.53: 3x11331223 anh?ng?hgn, l. 3-: 833313 3: . "Ram .2333 3331;. 33.3.33 3331331153311 35. 13?: BO 3333113 Margy 33333333331 3,333 43.71 Wilma 25-; Dog 7? 3m m?m' same): i Mandarin: 33.331333 3m? 33/334, 31. 33311335331; 33. 13'. 3. 3 3/39/3337] WI 333313 imam 36313333333 b6 we b6 b7C am -- mm 1%me .. .1 Wes/? - )5 7 Nigeria M?n?ring Tahitian BABAQ MW .. 373/41 - ?Waring mm mm? . 1- . all: may. Mm?. m. . 6/9/313113th 61161115.?; ?Q-o _:b7C GI 1991 . - . 7 1an 11.. QuaamniM' r.m? .- 6/9/13 - . I . . Amen-31? ?m Banana mama 7w 31:39.. Ema m. . e/s/w-E? 9 - - 'G/ts?fi_-a/5/47 I .1 -- gait 7- I am 36; an 384. 3'95S?s/52m . 3/5/warmss/aym ALL Mailman 31W submits.? (if Mia! P. 9? a? .. lids? Em. [simian Engim Wrists: ?ns-p. 59 Manchu? - is I. ?mam Mac a mum My. 39 ?whtsilsn . - 263.- H. I. . 5/3/41 kinshiid?nginaihirpms?m ?106' b7C ., . .mnnim 31:11am; Wins ?be is. a. 7- ?/Bfi? Gum}. Ennishilison ?nisim new mini: awpwnum . Mimmiin 6, 1nd. - I s5 'r 13/6/41? I A . . 1 mummies); 5.th a: Engin! Wham,- l?sh. 1a . . - s/e/M . -. Gammn?l man-am 3: Wm am?. - 31115135611. men. 1:1 e/i/u: 'I'Ft?sdric; mm. Inn. 7 Me Aw. I: Biviuinn Hanth iemun?si H. ENCLOSURE (93; is. .44 11' 13f, 19" 1' 6/4/44? -- 16/9/13- I 6/6/41 4/4/44? 15 ?1 11/6/49 6/3/47 A - 1/6/41? 6/6/11. 3/6/42 1 I. . MP3. $101119ngsz .54 .136 am?m - an? grim a: 91mm 34. u'xhwish Seaman, H. - ?ow 31.14141: -.W 989 1w; -W?lt -: chaml 111431116 - taraMng: mama-ah. immn catwaman Hillimwrh 15.5 m. mastitis; 4* 334.11%? I imam 1wpmhian ?ii?iimrwt as; an. mum mam i 135 Sam: ?rs-ma?a 31m. harm, mm . '9 Hathaway mid mmrm' 0311f. - 111191311 Adviswy 6mm!? fer . Mronm?u mam Mm Renard: inh. 313WW: Amt '4 030??; QMQ mhiam1 Winery smith. m! 1500 Aw?. ?'5?an B- m. . 36:3, .f 26. 35 27? ?38. 51 6/6/66 6/6/61~ 6/6/46 .3 6/6/47 6/6/66 i ska/6": 6/91/42?- 6/6/65 6/6/36 {Baimaimmcamw?w I - 3 3656 W666 8; 6m. 1 - . Mar ma: 3?616 6:6: malignant 13;. 6m. 666666616666 63.666616 66666666366 b6 b7C mm Emmi: 66.6 mm 66336666966 3.6, 666.. 6666mm, 66: 66:6 "Wright ?magnum 66636366566 666 50:60}? 66:65.66; 6o. .36 3.993}, .7 5 ?mm% 66666663 66. F6 06 3% 36931 -_m6663116, 6:66. 666616 My Emit-grim 1511 111311 My Ma?a: - mg?; I111 - -- W11 1 .311va 1W1 13111 H. Y- 1111a 1113,, 1:1 11 11 111111-11 111 a. 1'1 man-111113111: 1111111111. 111? 1m1m 39:. ?a .1 DC. 67 .3 I. 333333 333333 0333335333 candy . 4.?311331:.- 1?33IBEELELE SIFIED Bf 60322,: 13,19 "Iii $33131 3333: 633333333 20,; 1951 .5333:3333 - M33 333' Minimum 33333:, 33 1333333333, D, a, . 3833.. 3333133333: 33333333 333.5: A. 53333: . 1 23333333? - . I 2132233333 3] Swami? I Edgar Hacver, 33333333333331 1333833 31?. 13333339331611 . I . g\ I 333.1333!" 1.3333333 331335 37.54" In 3033333333 with our 3331333933333 3121333341 33 3313 3333333333 31? the Janna Rosenberg ?pr 333331-13, 3033333 3631333331 6333 333 33333333, 133333 33333339139 If furntahcd 33 gm harsian?r far 3333* infam?am . 03 3 33311231952, 3 333333331 3333mm: a; 4 33333 reliability aduiud 3333, 333-333 3333333333: which he had I M3133 Julius 3333333139, 333333306 "3333393 4 35 33 33? 3333 339336 by 333333339 3333 ,3er 331-333, 3 4? aim member of 33.3 Bumbag 333333393 93333 733:: flea 33.3 mm 8333? 33333 3333 33 33333339 3 333333, 333 333 33331133: ?33333 33 69.3331 . I rad 30 35 (33335333) 3. 33 3333333 33333'333,_ 333333333 indieate? 33 333: 333: b6 ?43333 83r333g3ad 4 - . 4 3-3'333 ?3,3 ?3 menu_ .- b7c_. - .4 being 33 the 333?--1 9443:- 33333.; 3 333 or ima .4 33334 3:3. 'V?iv?f?ifyg 3% 1 DB $3133, 1&51, 33333 6333 at: 3?.ng 3mf?w? - 39333, 3333334 33333 33 . -1943, he 3 33:; 3f jiff? I833: 33333; 333339 3 II . . (@3951 3.93333 ?Emu? 2 . - (new 3.4; I 31/6? 3 '1 AF . -- wasI?m?3a34'r'av' swig: . a. 3 as 39"? aghasgs ?rssaaglaass neu?3aas8 sham is an user Basis: but than is be .ana?s??s sisufs chasm pauses q?-y '13 $1336an Hm 4? 1506163, shaman (6rsesa 331's?) sass saw; was} 3's that as furna- 49.3mm m" is has: . I . -. fellas ms was: sass s: 03:31 I x. assesses salts, ?as cases mi: 7y - I .g ;a fail-196 virus has based.? by ?yeasts Bur-same .. ., - but has: said _.i?cy was made sass; saws. Mums; sas mum?s .330 Que saws ?as inpasusima is . . ?assaults ?ashes mlsaaua a shot 333 has mass! sis. imimsissm is . ?amass: sspiossgs Hawaii: as has saw; as assassins: misiummsesnn 3 -: assu?cm, If; is ass aid saws (is as? assist-i Minis asst M16 .6 sass ihsi 6rsmlams was ?ags-s mm? 6316 is Assisls - tasks/slaw, Mans Visas Canaan sf its: sass cm?sis Isas 333333333333 Iasrk - ?lls? - . . . ins this masses 3f the IBI is 6% 11,3. 1950 smarts?! inst he sci Bathe 3i I. is: ?rst, in My; 1956;: ?int? his faiharutaswlsa, . ., ?mas I. as? as siisasaasy Passes as shaft the, Shawn's: . Its assists? 15? Minus: iasis as; is wheel ., .. 99- ?16k" ta ?am?k 3 .3 3&9 3G?M'mi?3 has as. assassins: mm is Iiksasa,? raw Isa-st, as Esp-sinker 19:6. .63 - - assisted mi is; ass has saw usaniasm a ?ski ?sustains? was ilsaa Basis? ?aws ?eas ?sts; ., .. was; a. persisting miss-sh sf its Mass, 33 19%? 31?6?? daie?i 3138596 I ?5353(1); 3363- .5136 I sarcasm is i Essa Ms as? . lawns 337.33.!" -. assassins. the Wing sin; "Qt-i - saw at . as: Partisan amenity ?ning. His 1 last ?ll . Serif} . saunas that this latitu- and: rents? .- II frag: :2ng . whs, as was sass wrap as suspssisd sf, - a, ?a gas?- of a 'sa?ae Rumbas: ssy?smys ushers" was was as panning mass ??at?y . assasi is Isis ?tsirisi sf In! first as ills mass: of psrjasasp. I_rRWIU In; I - ,1 with Sara?rm, as: ?ux-nay II In Maw?, 1945 during I MINI: In: 7 mam?erII. I II if? gram? I ?attuned ?at in wind - pruu 12am pink? new wry II fatty 1mg an II active? in ?irty.? WI Earn? IuIdy mmlIfI? I ., WWII II than . . - New? If I. MIMI: ?$th In waned further -. . ?h?ae II far If am: If It: ?Inseam: wig: RIWII my II .-.. .- .- muggy?? if my, If the Buanrg upwmw 'i-Ipl?' 3. . m? far your Iowidcn?al safer-mist? I: should II sewn?. . RECORDED EX.- 67 T: 9.1. :Tolson um c1933 Glavln Nichols I Roaan Tracy Barbe aBelmont 11011:. Te'leI. RIoom . 141-13116 Se? ?bg-mbi?r @1-1951 SAC, Album! 332' 5:33 23? 1:1. i Birector, A . 55 ESPIQNE 12- . ?we" Edythe 11%th EJ the of . 3 _-am $131.1. CDEKEENEEJ '1 32'] UTEEFIJES: FE 1E iadll? I . EAEE 11.333031? -4. 11:21:. .. 3 1? . g? 4-23911 argawczra, En investigatien 3mg: a Han: A1breeht Baf?e prior- it {pr-.11. .119 .. ?EppHEant und?r the Energy 1E1: I. ge?an failed Ea 661113.193) any infome?an that ma engage? 1h espionage: Er whmam? Ea?wi?es- 111: the cEnEluaian Ef Ens muestiga?dwg Scike was given Elaaranm E316 has Earned 11:; 1th.: m. '11? ?Mal-1:31:13, Both for Ems Eh: IBPA (Juana? ??fEEy Jar EM Freya-131011 Bf Energy?s) Erganim'?en. Ewing this. En?ira paci?ed ME rewind 1.113 . ?1303111931119 1:11 111: 3113111? Bcpa?- . at Bhsvaraiwy. - . Emma?s infarmtiaa 9113111396 in 191111 the mvu?y?ameandmeted in BM: Raisin: and EM 8??th 311E relatca 3353;. 11919111323 61,63ng shown Elna: EM Eipianaga gram; mid that Bethe 511E: . 116511111941? Wan 3111.1 Juli!? Klaus IEW 1934 and?! was in #11911 Fatah: at 131W 1.1: 1' 3M Enhaequmtiy . Ina-E 11131-316 1:31,. at Beh?uat few ?irt, in .1946 cam! . EE Ithaca Ema Fork 1.: .1948 we 1&3 Elsa unwed I'Eeh?c 1E (Barium) in 1941.- same ?9 11-31111?: EE- 311mm Eh: Err-19:11: Ef mm 1E EIEE EJ migrant. .111 is pained Eat; mu ?19111: was rcparrbe? #6 have India. Eh; Wt un??raian? why did what he 5116. Farther, 1E 11111191111719 his sympathy Jar was. alleged 19E ham? We the mung-3E, - Affgr 11 aEim?a-s 11} 93? this? we?? and wIEr-ta far 111149 1951? - . 1E Ei?ewd in the recent infematian fmrnishea 11y Bream??a ?scram he ?1.111111% that on 191153 be: 911% the name Ef 56131? #5 Ra?ry $9.15 11? Enable ?jimmy: rearw?i. GWGIQIESI ?duftm Ema :5 i311! fart I C?h 169193 5 ,f'b7C-i' . 5 ?was t'b6 m, a: 44:42:54, game: up i: yum? wwrm? ?yf?g? whim:"47934445: aim Fer?minmy in A 44$44??f3? and 444444?4gfsT7 7 . mt new; so": :5 "55%?93413 awe-4' emphyew 34 .Wf?at 441454 and 4- . 5 5 77941442, than can; 45? bl 41:44 4 ?1 649 mg 7-?39444844354 4411494; 43 i -Fw 4; 4f 344; 454414;: :4 Baaenwrg. .- 303810?! 4 4444;. 244:4 while: a; 5' ilfre? 4313344 44133431,, #9143 3 9f? .. to 1134: be?. Winterizing. June, 4 ?av'i?dit??waa 4 40434444 @4wa this 4:23 :44 ifwvwa?aant #4 444 #14444; "Ti-Janus 343344;:35 . . v: @329 W4 coastam?zeing - ??e?arah 413$ 33333333333222?; 223333311 331333313 33. 313?? 133333 3'33?? Ml 33333.31 33-: 11333312333333 333333333. I3 is 638131333333 3f 3'33 333 $331333 233 33:31:33in minim. .- 3ffor3a 33" 3E, 333333 3333 33.3133}? 33333 33333333321; 193 3333933333333 3331: 3333333, 3333323 33 3-22?33 33333 33 1333333 7 333-333 3333343,.131333 '2 333339333 . . 1:1?333333 5333, {a $323533, 1,946 . 333323 333333; 33 3333333 3333.33 3 33333333 3333 33:3 2, is: 33333333333 39 33333, 3333333, 3333 33331192 033333333 33.3,, 33333 333331 far 3333 65 333333 333333 33333; 1,933,, 3213 ?33333333 33133 33333334 ?1?33 1%3; 3333 ?53333,.- 133 3333.1 12. b7C 1:371) z? 3453333 333 Peri are =7 .233er 33 have 3333 333 a; 33. 1334233 . ".7542..3233?1173119 *3 133333333? 33331333 from #3333 .353- 3333 33:33: a @333? 333331- 3; 3- 3 3.3333333- ?5 333W 5 3?33 3333133 . 333 3233333333333 :3 333.3133 33 - 3:332:23" . . 333 gratify: 3333 3333333 3333 333311 3 3333 336 331,133: 3'83 333333 3333 2?2 333 3f 33313393 f3?? 3333333 yam 73333333333 331333339 a .. 53333333135: 33?. 933333 3313333133 33333333,. gru33333, ugreenguul, . ?32: f. 3? 313.3 requested, by 3,3,33,33,93? @3323 3 333322-3133 33 33333333 3132? 3333333 3:3 33., :8 my 333: 33323, -2 -- . I3 333531331 33 333333 3333- 333333 3y 333333 3.1" his . 3.3.3333 33 3333.3 jraugh his - 313313; 3333 been 233.3332; 33 33333.25; 33 {1333311 333123333352 33, 1333-3333 3113 .- ,?asnberg 33331131 33 333 333 fiala 3f >233 field 33.33" in ?33 33-33331 331,3: 5 -. .. . '2'222233333 2733 133333 #33 I333 in 333393 33 3331: 3312133393 aaterialy 3'3 333.23 3123331333 31331133 3333 31333 material 190316 9 3333313333. I3 33, 333 3333333 333 333i .. - . _b6 19 RR RhiuRwsz?y . Rag? El'f?a?? R3 ?rE" g:eg' Rt3 RR fh?i?wl~? Rwapec?t_geth RIRJR b2 b6 b7C b7D RM if "31119111116 that 1:21a- ?may dwi??f '1 Rimes RR and ?g ??eteT33R? iRRiiRi?tea, Rag Rj'seihe ~1 aiRcR .39 G?u?ae Rf t??c .E Rf 3E RitR i'RsRiRZy RR 1% is jirtbar '72 ??at RR R?fv be made RR line p?saibf? Ry Rf $333 6: the IERI. data RR 3E - nae? Re RR: ugh; rt. - IR Learned RR RR the RR lh?lt?? RR Reid in '43 the pariRR 3Rp3g1?3r though . 1915.21 ??33g Rzutaian Sk??hdAg'i??f?t?ly furniaR 2R: A,RaiRc type Rf 3i 5 RR ngfg'z- RR daring tRiR 66316363163915??! 39*? ?111112.111 be . 3R9 Rail RR l~w 1' 1? fRiR tnnoafatR - 1?$?fitieus RR: Re Resiganw .1: rRla?Rd TRIS anestzgatzon should b? conducted 0R baszs in view qf Bethe pramznence iR the - f'I/eldo .0 I 1' . 511111111? a; 1951 ATLL HEIREAH IH LAJJEFIED .1 1 BATE 03- 33?30536 Bf x?tfx?PT?z'f? g3 it? ?uid! -. . far 11111111 1'11: II of ?In? Km? mun? ?11111 that 111 aubjau 1a: 1111 u??a to an? ?mung; 3'13 art i?nIstId to dICII?iin 1f?aaljtai?H$11 I tuucdidimjy 9331 ?',Gjyf39 and .7 ?u Barium. I: the snag?; $11: a?m1?c oaanrIng 2., 1111214 In: My of . 11147111611? 111 mr I an subjt? II the 611mm Oj?fit tIgIthIr'l??h any additialn1 ikf?raqiiun ??ith :1 ?11:11:19 11111 crawls? {er In?mw, I191, t1? s, arr-tau: am If ahera II II Eng 1111 Q?ff?i brat $115113th 139 mung? 481119 1121: . Waugh I ?In - and Insular In?? and IaurcII dhil?bll to ma reg ful than? 1151111191111 10mg: of 1115111291?! ?11111111" 1; warrant?, in 8111111111; and catcapa 0.371? 111101111 ?rms? 111.111.1115 Wm WIN 9! acumen! 1111:1911! ?yd In: mu [or am Hquu't. - 01:11 ?1831n1}? 1:1: :11133%, i" f: A3 $131 . ID 21c, V, . .2 . . 1951' 22mm, n: ?mututa an manual on a highly ?mm-1. cumming the EFEzth 2 7 . ll; 22222222212222: 22222221222212: If} UECLASSEFIED DATE ?39 29M 9/5/51 in which you nor. 222mm to inn-mum draw?amt? 111mm - (H711 2 attention 13 1mm in the 21' 31mm. man ?an 7, 1952, at sauna, big waning-hen, int!? macaw mxuu in tin ?with: of an interview previously had with ?Most It 1. 2'.an tut the units :of this mm" 33291116. ht nuitabls fur 7 (H. R. 9 RELUHUILU 4b. - SEP 14 2951 . 3 I . '2 If] UIIECLASSIFIEIJ FBI, LBANY 9-13-51 6:12 PM FJM IRECTOR, FBI AND SACS, NEH YORK AND CHICAGO URGENT HANS ALBRECHT BETHE, ESPIONAGE R. SUBJECT IS ARRIVING IN NYC SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 16 NEXT FROM EUROPE BUT MOI OF TRAVEL NOT YET ASCERTAINED. HILL BE IN CARE OF HIS MOTHER MRS. ANNA BETHE, CRYDERS POINT, BEECHURST, LONG ISLAND, ALL :36 DAY SUNDAY AND HILL LEAVE FOR CHICAGO THAT NIGHT PRESUMABLY BY PLANE TO ATTEND THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS. IS RETURNING TO ITHACA, NY, SEPTEMBER 20. NY HAS FURNISHED PHOTO OF SUBJECT IN ITS COPY OF LETTER TO BUREAU -r FROM ALBANY DATED MARCH 10, 1950 IN FOOCASE. SUBJECT DESCRIBED AS FOLLONS - AGE 46, BORN JULY 2, 1906 AT STRASBOURG, FRANCE, HEIGHT FIVE FEET ELEVEN INCHES, 190 POUNDS, EYES BLUE, BLACK b6 NAVY HAIR, VERY HEAVY AND RECEOING AT FOREHEAD, HAS SLIGHT 676 ACCENT AND IS VERY PRECISE IN SPEECH. SUBJECT-S AND CHILDRENJ MAY BE ACCOMPANYING HIM. NY HILL CHECK PLANE AND BOAT ARRIVALS FOR SUNDAY MORNING AND NILL ATTEMPT TO ARRANGE VITH CUSTOMS FOR SEARCH OF BAGGAGE. HILL ASCERTAIN AND ADVISE CHICAGO METHOD OF TRAVEL TO THAT CITY SO THAT ARRIVAL AND ACCOMMODATIONS THERE MAY BE IMMEDIATELY ASCERTAINED. ALBANY IS ATTEMPTING TO ASCERTAIN FURTHER INFORMATION CONCERNING HIS ARRIVAL IN NYC. ?S-TjioU?NLT RECORDED 140 NY OK FBI NYC NHL R-?g Sgai?g1gay '1 CG OK FBI CG JH :18 xi? RECEIVED: 9-13-51 ?6:33 PM . If the intelligence contained in the above message is to be disseminated outside the Bureau, it is suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in i 61? order to protect the Bureau?s coding systems. 371?: 75' are? U1 EL A 9,13 01,) HINCTON 3 NEN YORK 1 FRO CHICAGO 15 11:11 PM DIRECTOR AND SACS, NEN YORK AND ALBANY DEFERRED HANS ISR. REBULET SEPTEMBER 11 LAST. 1, INFORMANT ADVISED UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO HAS MADE RESERVAT 1 FOR SUBJECT AT HOTEL NINDEMERE, CHICAGO FOR TI-IR 1g? 1: BEGINNING SEPTEMBER 16 NEXT. FOR INFORMATION. (3..is .5, O-CONNOR SEP 19 1951 3 . ,1 ALBANY TO BE ADVISED RECORDED 33 81$) TO NEN YORK BY TELETYPE 1 k? 9-13-51 1 131119 RTL f?tgb intell1genoe contained in the above message is to bb?aisseminated outside the Bureau, it is suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in order to protect the Bureau' a c.oding systems. RBJ. LETYP LL EHFIJRIIATIDIE CQIITEEII-IEII HEREIN IS LEE-E BEFIED LIME 39? BEIGE BE EQQESJUL. Land 61' onvin Nichols 12 CHICAGO 1 FROM NEW YORK 15 11:45 I II .- SAC . HANS ALBECH ESP-R. RE ALBANY TEL SEPTEMBER 15, LAS 6:12 P.M. ONLY SHIP ARRIVING NEW YORK SEPTEMBER 16, NEXT IS SS GEORGIC, GUNARO LINE.. SUBJECT NOT LISTED ON PASSENGER MANIFEST OF THIS SHIP. LIST OF PASSENGERS ARRIVING AT IDLEHILD ON OVERSEAS AIRLINES NOT AVAILABLE UNTIL AN HOUR OR TWO BEFORE ARRIVAL. CHECK OF AMERICAN AIRLINES REVEALS THAT SUBJECT HAS RESERVATION ON FLIGHT 129 LEAVING LAGUARDIA FIELD, NEW YORK CITY, TE: P.M., DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME, ON SEPTEMBER 16, NEXT FOR CHI- CAGO. THIS RESERVATION WAS BOOKEB FOR SUBJECT THROUGH THE ROBINSON AIRLINES. SUBJECT IS ALSO ON THE WAITING LIST OF ROBINSON AIRLINES FOR FLIGHT 30 LEAVING CHICAGO SEPTEMBER 19, EN ROUTE TO BUFFALO. STOPS HAVE BEEN PLACED WITH CUSTOMS TO 3 OBTAIN BAGGAGE SEARCH WHEN SUBJECT ARRIVES AT IDLEWILD. BUFFALO WILL BE ADVISED FURTHER OF ACTION TO BE OFFICE OF ORIGIN, ALBANY. NEW YORK WILL VERIFY DEPARTURE AND TELE- PHONICALLY ADVISE CHICAGO 0F SUBJECTS DESCRIPTION AND DRESS. ALBANY AND BUFFALO ADVISED NY 12 WA RC RECEIVED: 9?15?51 12: O4-PM R03 ESIE g??I RECORDED -I ISEP '19 IV If the intelligence contained in the above message is to be disseminated outside the Bureau, it is suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in order to protect the Bureau's coding systems. 5 19 IEII TRANSMITTED T0 CHICAGO as. I. TELETYPEQJ LL LDI-ETLLIIELI 222222?2rj 222L222I2122: 2222 22? 22_ n2222 22 222223222222222 22 DECODEDCOPV . won?~? Md 61685 Glavl :1 wt Nichole Rosan Tm i l; Tale. Room_ . . A, Nessa "5 3 NASH GTON FROM NEW YORK 11 16 10:32 PM b6 IRECTDR URGENT 1 27? HANS R. SUBJECT DEPARTED NYC EIGHT WENT I: PM, EST FLIGHT 0: NE TWENTY NINE AMER. AIRLINES DUE TO ARRIVE I [/13 CHICAGO TEN FIFTY CENTRAL TIME. NO SIGNIFICANT CONTACTS NOTED AT NYC. CHICAGO TELEPHONICALLY ADVISED OF 1 3M ALQANY, RUFFALO AND CHICAGO ADVISED NY 11 WA AS RECEIVED 9-16-51 11:19 PM HL Itf?t I RECORDED ?1212 I SEP 19 1951 I8 If the intelligence contained in the above message is to be disseminated outside the Bureau, it is suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in order to protect the Bureau' 8 coding systems. 18:: (3 32:3 2.3% :3 3?1696 IQBJ. TE L1. GRELASEEFEEIZ . nsIE I: 0 Ladd clogs Mahala nsco WA INGTON FROM NEW YORK 16* 15 7:35 PM IRECTOR I I URGENT HANS ESP- R. SUBJECT ARRIVED AT IDLEWILD AIRPORT, NYC, AT 12: 15 PM, EDST, ON FLIGHT 935 OF TWA. HE WAS TRAVELING ALONE RND WAS NOT MET BY ANYONE. HIS BAGGAGE WAS CHECKED BY CUSTOMS. HE WAS CARRYING A NUMBER OF WHITE If, MANILA ENVELOPES CONTAINING VARIOUS MANUSCRIPTS IN GERMAN A-D k? MATHEMATICAL FORMULA. HE LEFT IDLEWILD AT 12:55 PM BY CAB b7C ARRIVED AT CRYDERS POINT AT 2:00 PM STAYING WITH HIS MOTHER AT MICHELS A BOARDING HOUSE OPERATED BY L. J. MICHELS. ALL OFFICES WILL BE ADVISED OF SUBJECT-S DEPARTURE FOR CHICAGO TONIGHT. ALBANY, BUFEALO AND CHICAGO ADVISED NY WA IO NRJ RECEIVED: . 7:52 PM RTL 4525/39" ?7 SEP 19 1951 RV :18 If the intelligence contained in the above message is to be disseminated outside the Bureau, it is suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in order to protect.the Bureau's coding systems. . ?93? ff). .w bl . In9., (033ij 0T aEconDEn - 45 L: 12-451 ..3 ..- DEE: 313:: mm. .. . . ?E?M?f?'iF?i 333151"; 35%: 112$ Ummsawmb lel?E? 2831 -. - - - ?mngz 1m Fm} ?mm m. .. - mm:- I mm? tumult 1m. in tho nun-W mm- Ina-?f? mung mum ?uctuation Int am; um it hurl-ll- nus-mun; at of Mrm?i am a- dac??nd In hut-Iain: pram! I 5 3 . . :33 LLTL LL LL . ?pi,3&103 Albany I aiiun?fi?? . -, Rsbalat qutelber 3 1552, $3 55555 553 $5 r5: . 1-7; tied Lo canine: 3yginLeatiyaLth with La aJ 3a?abe?fgaqptianed indiv?gaal.- 3g_ TLL Bureau was furnxah?? with a nunzeaLian dated 5513 a ha, Leear?iLy-ta gr. Brgau La an; Area Seeurzty LEA $33 4353 La $55555 5'55 -higkiy reltabltu Thia- a Layy Lf' whiLh i3 573 "LtLaLhed he?e?s year a; mail .2 i?forma~ A Lion affthe ELL IL L.L directed _ta . wha wax a .?Lsig?ad t9 Lil-4r Hanhatm? - Bistric? dur .,LerVr-ix presently an ?Ltorney in my Lew Jersey. is a Lnntaet LL P?ant333g73 ?mad: L?ia avazlmh?a Lag Bureau.u;.w 3 3 333,51 .3 3" . ILL will Late th cammunzea?zan oantains infarnatien conceraiag 55? 5: 555 55T5 5555555355165 Betha prapared,farjgubzzcaLton in Lie '?bzig3ifzc 3 Lmeriaan3? ELL which arLicie Laa 0I?un ?w kn I 3? I51.new.leeux/ "ll-Lf?? LL: 5 5' 35-55 ?5 53555 I 100- 382427 Amerzcan) ?5 _"iigg 797 Wm 9684?;? - a. E): ?3 t. SEP 126 1.9513335 ?4 . . ,h - - avin . 7 3 3 . - 33:3,: 3. . . A .--. tchola FBI: 3' arbo Lden mm. iughnn I 3hr: . A 1a4Room L-icummgaw af? ?mm- .5 ALE. CDI-TTAIEITEEI IE5 EBBEZEZTCELPE 799.051- 7fuq new 'an -- 4hr f%?g y/[mi/ 597'44?, I . QLL LLIFLLPILLTIQLL commune, . 2 . - . ewe {.19 2:34 men: If}? my 6. 19st - Memo toII II I can give you a summing .110 Of the information on it 'p but this is only of a preliminary nature and for your immediate b6 b7C in getting some word (to the ARC. manwhom you know. Svirsky is listed on the masthead of Scimtific IAmeriosn as ?snag-in? Editor. The .oublisher is Gerard Piel, and the Editor is Dennis One of the contributing editors in James R. Newman, who is also In i . left-winger and an expert on the stem homo; also '5 contributing editor l? to New aepuhuc and Ichea 3 of leftish Iwr-IitIing on etom' Ibomb questionstI ,5 You vIrIili Ifind him in Whois Who. He is :3 larger by nrofession. we have in our files an indicetion that he is or- was at one time adviser President 'II?r-uman onI atomic questions, and I can hardly think of a. worse ., 5 Iii-371:5 choice. I've followed his line for a long- time.I It isn't ectually the?.- IComIn?mIist line, but it's Iciose mough to it to ?be very disturbing. I g? II 'x ., up}? I imagine ?dish mey get some of his ideas from Nemnen because they run I . . pretty close together-Scientific America-II runs to the sort of stuff which the seam qugiId 1?1.w?uW-im . .4- 62:; I - fig/1popular scientific Journal, including left-wing Iauthors on ?t atomic snery? IanId security questions. I'l'here runs Ithrouph nearly IIaIll thoI ?3 issues a general vein of anti-secerity editoriel policIIy, _MIoIet significant 1 of this Ibort oIf material is in the Mev 1951 issue, et page I33h where' they deride the IideaI Ithet the Rosenberg-swell trial, at which Greengless . testified,I. deelt with real security Imatters that it was vital to keen s?cretQI. r? The theme is that the etom bomb is so oomolex that no indiwnauel could do mu hat-m byI revealing-I a detail. L?i?v?E?j' f: . Memo to ?Julyt, 1951 '9 I . - 7:332; . - . .4 [the -, - _b7C r. . 9 authors are; .the British: very :excited . 9 "arguer for theidee that atomic iniometion should notbe secret, and Connie, fonnerly or PM, andl I another left?wing who was the discoverer . of carbon ll. end the inventor of a new process for making iron 55, -, .3 very coupetent atom scientist who was a contact with Russian spies; - there was testimomr that he taught at sebret school for . revolution - I'd be fairly Sure he was a party member; James R. New, . . contributing editor, already mentioned, reviews things frequently from - ?the left?wing anti-security standpoint? I party-liner on atomic energy and secrecy, Hens Bethe, who was against the bomb de- 9velopment and holds that our best and prooer defense against Commism is prosperity, and he also attacked eeperetism end expre-netionsli'sm, 9 which are ways of expressing the support of the Vane world" idea and that everybocy should Share the bomb and other atomic energy secret matters; Russian-ham, who we: in Leningrad and is now at George Hashihgton Uhiver'sity. Another writer is Theodor Roeebury, bacteriological warfare ewertg and close in on secret inform'stion of most important sort.? He beepens also to have been o?s Board of Directors for some y\"eers. A. . . . This information about out-here is not complete but Just :1 quick survey, .M es we did not have em ills of beck mibers to work with, but only 1 row. a I The Walter Gellhorn @0191; long end? studied attack when security crocedurea, I received a very favorable review. ?4 Regarding?the Fuchs case (which. man: should'be f? J. n. 'Memo July 6, 195:1 WC grealtly tightened and should have been tigi.toned in the paet) they took the ground that th at case was proof that secrecy futile and impossible with hundreds of thousands of people working on a highly intricete scien- turic?aob. .. ?and Pr?eident 'ofiit 1' of the Connie gro 1gpqy? of N1emen fellows at Harvard.Mi I . 1- ?md the NLRB 'at that time?1"] VMcMan?s, Rad.? Fright-91.. Svirsky res fired {row the world Telegrrm .teccu: of his le-ft-vin~ slanting of an educational column which he ran. Must have been bad because the newspapers were vet; mueh sczro(? of a fight wit! the we :sprer (:u11.d Then he went to Time's staff; along-with a >Carol1ne Marx Trpm_the Telegram. He was a member of the left-uing grp?p 1n the Newsoeperl uild and on a tommittee for the eiectioh of a 1 -Ed1t0r'of'PM and a former Eadio E?itor 6T Ti?eL- New York Neysoaoer Guild 1; 19L3, who_wa? candidate 11$ 1n_thelGui1d. Svirsky wos also a S?1rsky_wes ehT editor of a- -book ca_lled ?our Newsp?;er, sh or. plays up? 'rters as doing a good job and attacks right?wing reporte mg or distorting the ne .JS. The book e130 1mm ies thet tie -ers whoopbd up our dislike of Russia and North Korea and helped 1ncite to war. The other authors of 159 book were other membars of a as:suppres A respect to one issue'gr Scientific American, a 5, OGOaword article by Bethe was suppressed, on account of four tec.ulcn1 pararranhs, by order of_ the AEC - April 1950. .In one story on this incident ,Bethe was identified asffyertime ?hief of theoretical physics at Lo- !.lamos". _Three thousand rv' ru.? 'coptes already run~off were burned, type was melted down, and every galley proof land-*lscript. impounded. - ?Jm??l?l ., Kw WI gt". I I 1* em summa Joindd jun protest, for instance, attacking a gram-an? fafftw.? a .1 we 9' amt-ion and dlcul gthe idea that .- ?52.1 . 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Fatcf: ?irector qf Security Frau: ??gar Hoover, Director 'cderal Bureau qf Investigation Subject: Hum ?wavy? .9 m3 mwomas - ?eference is made to uy Iciter of Septembar 18, 1951, in the above-captioned matter wherein your Chuniaainn was furnished w4th certain additional inForaation concerning Er. Han: Albrecht Bathe. Ibu were adviscd at that time that in view a? the additional allegatianc a; in 3r. Bethe a Furthar discregt investigation an; being ingtituied by thin Burton For the purpose of the triant a! his negotiating with Alfred EpaniuGsda: Sarant,? and his paasible cannection, if any, with tha activities of the espionage parallel which w?a operattd by Julius g, a canvicted Soviet espionage agent. Thar: is bcing transmitted herewith information a cnpy of the report of Special Agant I dated OcFaber 10,1951, at Rem Cttv. b} Ybu will be kept adviaad as to any pertinent deuclapnenta in connectian with this investigation. ., '1 ?Mr?ma ?tt?mg?t ?ii" - De?ant? yd, . :gm? MW I f5 3.23cam/W .. . A1. 13H QQ-EIQ-EBBE BY armamnm m. 64 (are) Iii] In O?pce Memo?mdum- UNITED Govs'h Director, FBI g1 3011 0 :95? FROM SAC, NewYork?g -LW1- sumac-r. HANS ALBRECHT IBETHE ESPIONAGE - Reference is made to the report of SA Edated October 10 1951, five copies of NIILCIJ. are Aster the request of Albany, arrangementstere ma'e to have the subject's baggage examined by Customs on his _e?rival from Europe. When the sub ect arriv is' baggage?? . was examined 10me a '_presence of SAS His baggage consisted of personal items of clothing and four white manila envelopes containing various manuscripts in German and mathematical formulae. 'This material was photographed and translations of the manuscripts in German were made by the . Translation Unit of this office. . b6 The translation reflects that the manuscripts b7c fhgy?were entirely personal and contained nothing of interest. opies of the manuscripts together with a summary translation b6 ?fzwf c??each are being submitted herewith. Copies of the -formulae are also being submitted to the Bureau and A any. . 57 . New York is not in a position to judge the nature of this material and it. is suggested that the Bureau could b6 ?q have the same examined either at the FBI Laboratory or through b7C liaison with the Atomic Energy Commission. The Bureau ?E?chI advised that New York will have this material examined by 43% y; Iof Columbia University if it so desires. I 3%3 I 2 A photo record film is also being transmitted to 7: I \Jg "is: iI ?Wmamcsrig 9,3; cc: Albany OCT 11 1957 3? \a 2- a - :63 jie; 65-15836 i I ., II I I ESTATE-1123133 ?FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION FonnNol I I . II THIS IALIBANY I . NY Flu; ?0-65-15836 . I II I I II REPORT MADE AT ., I . I PERIOD WHICH MADE Mn" NEW YORK . - I 0 195a 26:31/ TITLE . I I . . CHARACTER OF CASE I HANS ALBRECHT .BETHE I j' ESPIQAAGE - A - TTI ,Subgeet arrived International Airport, NYC, via TWA on 9/16/51, I travelled to his mother's heme at Cryders Point, Long Island, ?9 1 and 1eft LgIGuardla AirpOrt, k?f1_ II . 'szt'7 I 30 p. via American Air Lines, h?cr?fg? A - enroute to Chicago., Interview I, with DENNIS FLANAGAN of ?Seientific~ American" and Dr. JOHN R. DUNNING Irpf Columbia University set forth. ?rm . .CL- . GENCY 1951, a check was maintained of all flights arriving at International AirporW New York City, .commencing with the first Trans WOrld gAirlines flight subject arrived at p. m. on Flight 'f93-A of Trans WOrld Airlines. He was A-jtravelling .alone and was not met by anyone. His baggage consisted of one metal hand? bag and one canvas zipper- bag. His '.baggage was checked through_Gustoms. I, . - I BETHE 19ft Idlewild Airport at 12. SS me.; -. "E?a 43? travelling by taxicab, and arrived NOT WRITE IN THESE SPACES II "44? COPIES oETI-us I?m I OCT 11 IQBI 5+ Bureau (Enc(Ens; 1) 1 . I 2- Ha?iYo . . I I PROPERTY OF CONFIDENTIAL REPORT AND ITS CONTENTS AIRIE LOANED TO YOU BIYI AGENCY TO WHICH I.0.ANED . . DISTRIB OUTSIDE 0 I . .Ik u. s. Covzaqu?ur ?Manson-1c: - ?nch-11-14. 1 1 7L rm; .1 usurp?? I: NY 65=15836 Cryders Point "t 2:00 boarding house? named Michele, by 3 .1 It is noted that Cryders Point is a small section in Beechurst, consisting of about ten homes in a private one of the five members of t.1e_ Atomic Energy the article was sent to he was away on vacation did not see it until the 'scieneific Americanstern at 3:31 HEEMPLOYED BY [11% a 'f cast 64? 5.115 ?2 Li; :1 is qk (at location on a_private road. ii. The subject travelled by taxicab from Cryders w: Point to-La Guardia Airport, and left on Flight 129 of American $5 Air Lines at 9:30 p. enroute to Chicago. a g; On September 26, 1951, Editor 3: of cientific American," was interviewed by 3 $1 SAI ind the writer. - FLANAGAN stated that he in connection 3' withean_article of whic was published by the "Scientific American.". FLANAG explained that he had been advised by a friend, one EUGEN ABINOWITCH of the Staff of in the ?Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists," that BETHE had written? an article on the hydrogen bomb. FLANAGAN advised that the 3% "Bulletin of Atomic Scientists? is published in Chicago by 'the_Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists and has a circu~ is lation of about 15,000 copies per month. He also advised that j; RABINOWITCH was a Professor of Physics at the University of 5V Illinoisdand was a co?editor of the "Bulletina" RABINOWITCH suggested to FLANAGAN that the "Scientific American? might sev' like tofpublish BETHE 3 article. FLANAGAN advised that he read the subject's article and BETHE gave him permission to 13% have it published. S3 1?114 FLANAGAN said that, when BETHE prepared the 532% article, he had it mimeographed and circulated about twenty Eire dopies among his friends and among other people ng? BETHE sent one copy of the article to NY 65-15836 the article .d run off-about 5,000 copies. The article was sent to on a personal basis and, as a result, it was not examined an' other member of the Atomib Energy Z?gc Comm'ssion urin absence.? FLANAGAN stated that, when read the article, he felt that it contained certain material not be published. FLANAGAN advised that the Atomic Energy Commission destroyed the printing plates on the article and confiscated-the 5,000 copies of the magazine that had been run off. FLANAGAN stated that none of the original copies of the magazine which 3 was published in April, 1950, was delivered to the news stands. i FLANAGAN stated that he talked with BETHE about deleting the objectionable passages and they made several deletions. The Atomic Energy Commission then approved the article in its corrected form. . FLANAGAN advised that the article was a non- technical article on why BETHE did not want the United States to manufacture the hydrogen bomb. FLANAGAN stated that, since the_article was not technical, it did not occur to BETHE that the information was not generally known. FLANAGAN stated that BETHE opposed the manufacture of the hydrogen bomb because he, BETHE, felt that this country could get by with the atom bomb and that, in manufacturing the hydrogen bomb, we would have . to manufacture fewer atom bombs. FLANAGAN stated that he The; believed that feelings were of a technical nature rather than a political nature.. FLANAGAN made available a copy of the April, 1950, issue of the "Scientific American," and photostatic copies of the article by BETHE were prepared, one copy of which is being forwarded to the Bureau and Albany as enclosures herein. FLANAGAN stated that he believed that BETHE had been cleared for classified work during the war and that he did not know has political beliefs. On September 27, 1951, Dr? JOHN R. DUNNING, Dean of the School of Engineering, Columbia University, New York I 3 ATyr?." SCity, was interViewed by SA Ahd thA writer.;i' . 2;"Sc1entific Amerlcan," and believed tAat. it is the- foremost 1, "magazine of its typA in the country. He steted that it is E5 ?not a "left?Wing magaZine? and, -as a matter df _fact, takes- b7C ?;no political peeition.1- circumstances surrounding the publicatiOn of the subject's _article in the "Scienti?ic American," and _be1ieved that the 'He stated that ahy further 1nqu1ries in this regArd to eatablish M'the- Circumstances of the publishing - confirmed by discussing the seme wit . of,. :?the Atomic Energy CommisSion at Washington, D. C. he thought that BETHE had exercised "poor judgement" in pub113h- ?ing the -artiC1e. He Stated that he -did not belieVe that 7 'oppoSition to the development of. the hydrogen bomb was caused Q- by any disloyalty. to .the United -StAtes.< He further stated that is a very capable scientist and is playing a fcremASt wipart tod ay in the development of the hydrogen bomb. 1' To BUREAU (1) 1 ENCLOSURE TO ALBANY (1) ?14 -Dr. DUNNING stated ?hat he was familiar with the' Dr. DUNNING etated that he was fAmiliAr with thA facts were the same As thQse mentioned by DENNIS FLANAGAN Dr. DUNNING stated that he knew Dr. BETHE And -that Photostatic cepy of ar-tic1e by HANS A. BETHE which appeared in the "Scientiflc .1 - Photostatic copy of article by HANS A. BETHE which appeared in the "Solentific American OFFICE OF . 1; ., I i The Hydrogen Bomb: In ir/iich the technical and strategic discussion of last issue is continued, and a proposal is made for a first step toward the international control of atomic weapons AST month Louis X. llidcnour pub- lished an article on the hydrogen bomb in this magazine. The dis- cussion is continued in this second arti? cle because of the tremendous impor- tance of the issue. llidenour described the essential parts of the theory of the nuclear reactions in the hydrogen bomb, and also discussed the likely effects of the bomb on our military security. 1 agree entirely with his view that the'cre- ation of the ll?lmmb makes our country more vulnerable rather than more so- cure. It remains for me to discuss two things: the technical side', shall try to clarify the many misconceptions that have crept into the discussions of the tl-bomb in the daily press. On the po- litical side, wish to take up the moral issue and the meaning of the bomb in the general framework of our foreign rela- tions. Everybody who talks about atomic energy knows Albert [Einstein?s equation the energy release in a nu~ clear reaction can be calculated from the decrease in ?Miss. In the fission of the uranium nucleus, one tenth of one per cent of the mass is converted into energy; in the fusion of four hydrogen nuclei to form helium, seven tenths of one per cent is so converted. \Vhen these statements are made in newspaper re- ports, it is usually implied that there ought to be some way in which all the mass of a nucleus could be converted into energy, and that we are merely waiting for technical developments to make this practical. Needless to say, this is wrong. Physics is sufficiently far de- hy Hans A. Bethe veloped to state that there will never be a way to make a proton or a neutron or any other nucleus simply disappear and convert its entire mass into energy. It is true that there are processes by which various smaller particles?positive and negative electrons and mesons?are an? nihilated, but all these pl?ient?n?nena in- volve at least one particle which does not normally occur in nature and therefore must first be created. and this creation process consumes as much energy as is afterwards liberated. All the nuclear processes from which EDITORS NOTE The author is only for the statements that appear in the text of this article. The illustrations and the captions that accon'ipany them were pre- pared by the editors. The infor- mation contained in the illustra- tions was compiled on the basis of previously published material. energy can be obtained involve the re- arrangement of protons and neutrons in nuclei, the protons and neutrons them- selves remaining intact. Hundreds of experimental iiwestigations through the last 30 years have taught us how much energy can be liberated in each trans- formation, whether by the fission of heavy nuclei or the fusion of light ones. In the case of fusion, only the combina- tion of the very lightest nuclei can re- lease very large amounts of energy. \Vhen four hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium, .7 per cent of the mass is trans? formed into energy. But if four helium nuclei were fused into oxygen, the mass would decrease by only .I per Cent; and the fusion of tWo silicon atoms, if it ever could occur, woiild release less than .02 per cent of the mass. Thus there is no prospect of using elements of medium atomic weight for the release of nuclear energy, even in theory. HIS main problem in the release of nuclear energy in those cases that we can consider seriously is not the amount of energy released?this is always large enough?but whether there is a mecha- nisrn by which the release can take place at a sufficient rate. This consideration is almost iuvarial.)ly ignored by science re- porters. who seem to be incurably fas- cinated bv ln fusion the rate of reaction is governed by entirely different factors from those in fission. Fission takes place when a nucleus of uranium or plu- tonium captures a neutron. Because the neutron has no electric charge and is not repelled by the nucleus. temperature has no important influence on the fission re- action; no matter how slow the neutron, it can enter a uranium nucleus and cause fission. ln fusion reactions, on the other band. two nuclei. both with positive elec- tric charges. must come into contact. To overcome their strong mutual electrical repulsion, the nuclei must move at each other with great speed. Ridenour ex- plained how this is achieved in the lab- oratory by giving very high velOCities to a few nuclei. This method is very ineffi- cient because it is highly unlikely that one of the fast projectiles will hit 11 target nucleus before it is slowed down by the many collisions with the electrons also present in the atoms of the target. There- fore the ener cry 1eleased by 111icle111'1'e11c? tions in these labor?at01y expeiiments is always much less than the energy i11- \'ested in accelerating the particles. The only known way that energy can be extracted from light nuclei by fusion is by thermonuclear reactions. those which proceed at exceedingly high tem- peratures. The prime example of such re- actions occurs in the interior of stars, where temperatures are of the order of 20 million degrees Centigrade. At this temperature the average energy of an atom is still only 1,700 electron voltsh much less than the energies given to nu~ clear particles in ?atom smashers.? But all the particles present?nuclei and elec- trons?-l1ave high kinetic energy, so they are not slowed down by colliding with one another. They will keep their high speeds. Nevertheless, in spite of the high temperature, the nuclear reactions in stars proceed at 1111 extremely slow rate; only one per cent of the hydrogen in the sun is transformed into helium in a bil- lion years. Indeed, it would be catastro- phic for the star if the reaction went much faster. - The temperature at the center of a star is kept high and very nearly con- stant by 1111 interplay of 11 number of physical forces. The radiation produced by nuclear reactions in the interior can escape from the star only with great dif- ficulty. it proceeds to the surface not in 11 straight line but by a compiieated, zig- zag route, since it is censtantly absorbed by atoms and re-emittcd in new direc- tions. It is this slow escape of radiation that maintains the high interior tempera- ture, which in turn maintains the ther? 11111nuclear reactions Only a star large enough to hold its radiations 11'11 11 long time can pioduce significant amounts (if energy. The sun 5 radiation, for example. takes about 10,000 years to escape. A star weighing one tenth as much as the Sun would produce so little energy that it would not be visible, and the largest planet, jupitcr, is already so small that it could not maintain nuclear leactions at all. This rules out the possibility that the earth's atmosphere, or the ocean, 111? the earth's crust, could be set ?en fire? by a hydrogen Superbomb and the earth thus be converted into a star. Be- cause of the small mass of the bomb, it would heat only a small vohunc of the earth or its atmosphere, and even if nuclear reactions were started. radia- tion would carry away the nuclear energy much faster than it developed. and the temperature would drop rapidly so that the nuclear reaction would soon stop. lf thermonuclear reactions are to he initiated 1111 earth. one must take into considet ation that anv nucle 11 e11c1110; maN 9111 1110.111 901131111511) 1110091 111 $111201.) 0.11: 0.10111 011111 0111113 0111 JV 4110111031311 011105: .1011 41110.") 9111.} :10 0.11591) 0111 m011s ?s.101111103 1011.10 1(1112111 :10 050111 p111? ?snuodmam 99011.1 10 111011 '011111 31101 11 .101 1391110011111: $1111 011 1101111? 31101110111113?) 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EEFQRHATIDE CQETAI 6 Tolson Ladd 4-41: HEB BEEN IE UNCLASSIFIED DATE DB-EB-EBDE Clagg Glav Nich no so Trac ?I?e 'r A NNZEA 1n 013 nt?. Roo om? NE DIEC OIIE IN wAs NGTON 6 FROM CHICAGO 19 3:01 AM .NE FBI AND SACS. ALBANY, BUFFALO AND DETROIT URGENT HANS ESPIONAGE R. RE NEW YORK TELETYPE SEPTEMBER 16, LAST. Fe?/ SUBJECT HOLDS RESERVATION ON AMERICAN k? AIRLINES FLIGHT 120 TO DETROIT, DEPARTING CHICAGO 2:40 CENTRAL STANDARD TIME, SEPTEMBER 19, DEPARTING DETROIT.FLI GHT 716 AT 5:05 P.M., AND ARRIVING BUFFALO 6:22 P.M., ALL AIR- LINES TIME. FOR INFORMATION DETROIT AND BUFFALO PENDING I CTIONS OFFICE OF ORIGIN, ALBANY. b6 RECEIVED: 9-19~51 4:21 AM JGS ALBANY, BUFFALO, AND DETROIT ADVISED 5 ?r )1 ?gs/13.. N21. A. NSTRU- CHICAGO WILL CONFIRM DEPARTURE. If .gI I i ,u iigid 3% If th xd?egiigence contained in the above message is to be disseminated A outside theQBureau, it is suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in Order to protect the Bureau's coding systems. HEREIN Eff: DEICLASHIFIEE MD 0 mm '39 3-9 EUUF 31" FWEIEELEEDEDDED [add new. 618? 01.111: Nichols ON FROM NEW YORK 32' ?19 6-50 PM- ?3 ECTOR - DEFERRED - - b6 . . b7C HANS ALBRECHT BETHE, ESP - R. MATERIAL OBTAINED AS A RESULT OF BAGGAGE CHECK BEING DEVELOPED. COPIES OF MATHVN MATICAL FORMULAE WILL BE SUBMITTED TO BUREAU AND ALBANY NINETEENTH NEXT. TRANSLATIONS OF MATERIAL IN GERMAN WILL BE SUBMITTED TO BUREAU AND ALBANY NEXT WEEK. 3365 307(3 ALBANY ADVISED. RECEIVED: .. 9-19-51 6:59 PM . . gag/1.: ED If the intelligence contained in the above message is to be disseminated outside?} yqetf?? "@5119 suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in order to pros 9 Bureau' a coding systems. . C- RECURDED {Rik '31 . 4-418 EDWAIHED z..Is.Is QEIWLA JEFIED IDA-RTE 339- Bf LE [Add I I: clog: Nichols noun he! Ham noon Belmont l? unru- ?roio. Roan I I I K. II 27 FROM ICAGO 19 10:41 PM .W ?In DIRECTOR AND SA BANY VERY URGENT b6 HANS ALBRECHT BETTE. ESPIONAGE - R. REMYTEL SEPTEMBER - LAST. SUBJECT DEPARTED CHICAGO AS SCHEDULED BUT PLANE THIRTY- FIVE MINUTES LATE. IN ABSENCE INSTRUCTIONS FROM DFS- A CRIPTION BEING FURNISHED FOR POSSIBLE SURVEILLANCE. ALBANY ADVISED cs 27 wA DP RECEIVED: 9-20-51 - 1g:o4 AA TAR?Wu Magi." Vi . - I If the intelligence contained in the above message is to be disseminated out31de the Bureau, it is suggested that it be suitably paraphrased in order to protect the Bureau's coding systems. 6, ?images? i . [39- 603222 $136956 er ?951 rm ?22222ng Mama: he; at?! 'iis? rqucfiing_the disasmgg? ?9 563* #3 2: highly 1* 3' a Mutant :93 #4 Eep?rt ma: s?ax?yrn 3r5i$? ?nalhy 26, 194?. ?i?g?w?faeni Baths, :1 5:911:61? ER is baimg?raraiah?di?e 2: 5:2. assible ?ssistaa?y ?n aagusa, a ??ianed 321%e?p (new::lee22292.21 9 . 4 QFP 25 1951-- - . - STANDARD FORM No. 64 O?ice UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT TO FROM SUBJECT: Mr. A. H. . DATE: October 23, 1951, Tolson . Ladd Mr a . Ch Class ALL Ghun Hams ALBRECH - HEREIN Is usCLasaiEIsD A . 09-3 9 -3UBE 3? $33 3 EEUCE PEEFCGERIJ Tracy Harbo Belmont Tale. Room sandy ESPIONAGE PURPOSE: I To recommend that the attached photostatic copies of a chart and mathematical formulae found as-a result of the baggage search of Bethe at the time of his return from Europe on Septembe; 16, 1951, be examined by AEC to determine the nature and important thereof. DETAILS: Dr. Hans Albrecht Bethe, concerning whom the Bureau is presently conducting a discreet investigation, returned from Europe on September 16, 1951. At the time of his arrival at the Port of New York a customs baggage search was made of his possessions and photostatic copies of various manuscripts, letters and mathematical fermulae were obtained by the Bureau. Inasmuch as Dr. Bethe was not interviewed concerning these documents the New York Office has suggested that the Bureau may desi?6 to have a chart and various mathematiCal formulae examined by AEC i?o7c an effort to determine the exact nature and importance of these docu- ments. RECOMMENDATION: To recommend that Liaison make the attached photostatic copies of a chart and mathematical formulae available to AEC for an approprmate examination with the request that they advise the Bureau as to the exact nature and the importance of these documents. 1, L, 65 -603 93 Attachments '1 EFE:dijj f_ 3' 935" Q?ice Memom?dum UNITED STA GOVERNMENT 1T9 . IAIIDIRECTOR FBI Nbvember 2,1951 'uff CHICAGO v. '5 . . A swAchtg-?Et HANS ALBRECHT BETHE I- . -- SECURITY - .. Q5 - -- ALI. IIEFSFILATIHII LDIETAINEIJ .a/y HEREIN HECLAHSIFIEE . HATE ?33? EDGE ET He? Bulets to Albany dated 9/5/51 and New York i teletype dated 9716751, aNd Chicago teletype dated 9718/51. 3 AI 11 05 Central - ~tember 16 1951 .Aju, SA SA observed -the.' Su ject,- as identified from a photograph, _arriVing at 3 ?k 7- Municipal Airport on American Air Lines, Flight 129.- After j9?31sf. -- making return reservations, which were ascertained by the *5 Air Lines to. be Flight. 120 departing Chicago for Detroit at . .2: NO P. M., Central Standard Time, on September 19, 1951, and for Flight 716 fromt Detroit to Buffalo-, New York, departing Detroit at 5:05 P. M. on September 19, 1951, BETHE obtained - ghis luggage?On September 19, 1951,. SAI chserved BETHE . - departing Chicago from the Municipal Airport on F1ight 120 -via American Air Lines at 3: 15 P. M., Central Standard Time. ,The Schedule of the International Conference on Nucle.ar [reflected that BETHE w.as listed as a participant in a 2 P. .?sesSicn olf the Conference on M.onday, September 17, 1951 and tea one who would give an auxiliary paper at a session at .- '2 P. M. on September 18,1951. . . . 27D I?hhysios Deparment :1:me of.Chicano. adviSed SA that he attended about half of the sessions 0 ernational Conference on Nuclear Physics held in the inatitute from september 17 to 'September 22,1951. tated that he is acquainted with but only had one 0 ance to talk with him during the conference. He stated that as far as he could judge BETHE 2'18 a reasonably loyal _person who is amen the advisory group 7 ?t '7 of the "Bulletin of At-omic Scientists." is aim; VMG - 1?.7 :65? 3617 cc:' Albany (100 120 00), corms 424 Nov 30 196:rrt.pq .531 BETHE 1S somewhat conservat:5 .E advised that hS not' "enceS*but he did kno ?jf51 tube for ?nal ?15- l1a1 1nfo wity) Alames . 1 . 11 .-he did natrsa. . rdaya of ?ne - nee. A?eparted on $611 mber 19, 1951 1 a s- from Sep A mail cover pla'edr, ?31951 to r- 2h, a?r- - 3? armmromue.u O?ia?? M6?2?d?d?7?o UNITED GOVERNMENT To DIRECTOR, FBI . DATE: Noyember 30, 1951 5&0 ROM SAC, ALBANY (100-12000 summit? BETE BB 4V The Bureau was previously advised that a report would be submitted. in this matter by this office by November 15, 1951. It was not? possible to submit a report by this date. Investigation in this matter is continuing and it is expected that a report will be submitted within the next two weeks. 131%:er (3 a. .3 1; p51? [yjiifw/?? DEC 3 1951 31 W90 . 774w wlgk? Pub RECORDED 96 . (1710749) FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION nus case: AT 22:: 212212122 22 2222222221222: 2212 . :22 . FILE NO. AIBANY 0PM REPORT MADE AT .2 DATE WHEN PERIOD FOR WHICH MADE REPORT MADE BY MADE A i 2,2 A BUFFALO, NEW 1021 12/6/5_ 11/29/51 Tnug. . . Hi", -- ARACTER OF CASE . - Afmw?f . As . . I HANS ALBECHT BETHE I. I I I ESPIONAGE - . I 122! -L 52%211211; 1 I SYNOPSIS 0F A 2'5? . - if GENCY t9 4?9 in) A Amie A. AA A AAEA .1: . 'ty Physics Dep . E90 ?a om ept?., 194.7 to July, 1948. dvises a safe maintained in office used . ?2 202%? for storing all confidential material in possession AA.- . BETHE during iod, She and Professors BETHE, - . MORRISON and had access to this safe. . andl Idid not have access to safe; however, they b6 ?3 worked under the direct on of Dr RETHE er safe 1070 55"; - kept in outer office of This 1071??) g; ?9 safe used to store con?dential material belonging to 0'7 Dr. BETHE only in emergencies. I I g? 0 i LJ(In. A DETAIIS 1 ?3 i. - ladvised that she was the Z'g? to tho was connected with the i. ySics 93 Department of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, from September, 1947 Afg- to July, 1948. Egg if, During the time that she worked in this capaciWJ: ? if?: :33 stated that a file cabinet with a combination locking dev: 65 maintained in the office of Professor HANS BETHE. In addition to a: the following indiszduals connected 'with the Physics Department 01 University knew the combination of the safe and had ready access APPROVED AND I PECIAL AGENT FORWARDED: I I IN CHARGE DO NOT WRITE IN THESE SPACES 51 . COPIES OF 'n-us REPORT. 5] I - Bureau 3 - Albany 1 New York (Info.) i?N? 2-122? PROPERTY OF FB ??This confidential report and its contents?are loaned to you by? the FBI :ici are not :21? s. Gavanuusur annua OFFICE 13?60637-1 2 mm} 2-0 m? . \Jap?J- Ff i. V: SKY: 1 i {2?7 73b6 ,1 b7C b7D C) or HANS BETHE, Professor and At this time, MORRISON an ere b6 connected with the staff of the Physics Department. She stated definitely ch that she knows that these three individuals had access to the safe because she remembers all three of them onenihc the safe at various times during the period of her employment as Dr. BETHE. She recalls that the ti reset Er or November, 1947 by Professor-? BETHE and MOEFTQON had m"sees to this safe both before and after the (combination was reset by stated that all confidential papers in the possession of as a result of his connection with classified projects of the U. S. Government, as well as some of his personal papers, were kept in this safe and that Professor MORRISON kept some material, the identity of which she did not know but presumed it was rsonal material, in the second drawer from the bottom of this unable to Specifically identify any of the confidential documents which were maintained by Professor BETHE in the safe in question._ Relative to the project known as NEPA, she stated that the phrase HERA is vaguely fami]_iar to her and quite confident that while employed as a she took somel on this Howh ever, she could not recall any specific data e1 1 this or any other subSequently burned. not recall anything about a Lex1ng on sport and could give absolutely no information concerning it. Relative and she stated that to the best of her knowledge, these individuals did not have the combination to this safe and she cannot recall ever having seen them Opening the safe or being in the immediate vicinity wh +he safe was opened by any other individual, She added, however, $9 the best of.her knowledge, were doing graduate work in the field 0 Physics unde- the d? action of Dr. HANS BETHE and that it appears to her that SARANT and were in very close contact with BETHE as a result of their research projec s. She was unable to [fifa:ar.y information as to whether or not the research projects conducted by and SARANT were in any way connected with the confidential work with b6 which Dr. BETHE was engaged in from time to time as a result of his position b7C as Coordinator in the Physics Department. She explained Dr. BETHE's position ?b7D that the Physics Department itself was under the direction 0 and that the Nuclear Research Branch of the Department was under the direction of a from about April, 1947,. Dr. BETHE's position was that of a Coordinator?estween'tne Physics Department itself and the Nuclear Research Branch of the Department, 1/ BU 65-2090 was unable to state whether or not Dr. HANS BETHE ever took any of the other members of the Physics Department into his confidence in connection with the classified projects on which he was working or whether or not the others even knew of his confidential work for the government; stated that to the best of her knowledge, all cla.ssified material, whether it be connected with the Atomic Research Commission or any other government department,m me always kept by Dr. BETHE in the safe maintained in his office except that on occasions when mail was delivered td6 Dr. office, no one would be present, at which -time the mail would be307 delivered +n one of +he individuals who were employed in the office of b7D Upon receipt of this mail by one of these [:jf::f::fhtime it was then placed in the safe in Dr. office. it "e ately be put in the safe me as outer office of I are it would remain until or Dr. BETHE would either take the mail directly from thi. safe and out i 'in Dr. safe or until the time that some employee of office would remove the mail from this safe and bring it directly to either her or Dr. ese dded that these occasions were very rare and that on none of occasions did she ever have reason to believe that the mail was opened or tampered with before it was delivered to either her custody or the custody of Dr. BETHE. whom she believes andl in that peeition. was?unnhla?iT give the names of any individuals who nave been employed as to Dr- RETREI I If . She did state, however, tha.? 'dual by the name of was for a time employed as the in at she never, to the best of her knowledge, he on for Dr. BE She also holin as that a woman only known to her as employed :ffice and that a was one a none of these, to es 0 er ow ge, had ever performs to the safe mainta1ne in r. uties to Dr. BETHE nor did they have access THE's office. b6 also stated that for some reason or other, the b7C name of is familiar to her and that she has heard this name and far' b7D some reason, connects it with her duties at Cornell Uriversitv However- she could not state_whether it was in connection with her to Dr. BETHE or whether it was the name of a Student in tno royalcs Department. She could not give the first name of this individual and stated that the fUll name of JULIUS ROSENBERG meant nothing to her whatsoever. She also stated that the names of WILLIAM PERL, HARRY GOLD and DAVID GREENGLASS if", BU 65?20 90 are unfamiliar to her and that she has never heard these ngunes in any connection whatsoever while she was employed at Cornell University.- REFERRED UPON COMPIETION TO THE-OFFICE 0F ORIGIN BU 65?2090 1mm ISTRATIVE Page stated that she intends to leave Rochester, New York immediately and that in - {V?h she can be contacted at her future residence h6 b7c b7D This report is being submitted in this case purSuant to directions contained in Albany letter to the Director (Bureau file 65?59242) dated September 28, 1951, in the case entitled, EPAMINONDAS SARANT, was.; ESPIONAGE - One copy of this repdrt is being furnished to New York a for information purposes in accordance with the instructions contained in the communication described immediately above. - REFERENCE: Albany letter to Director dated 9/28 51. Buffalo letter to Director dated 10 18/51. New York teletype to Buffalo dated 10/22/51. 511.3,. II-EFETAFEIIATIQEJ on: Ir. 1.11 :rr. it: HEFEIIE :23 EECLASSIFJEEB m" ?111.31! 13111 ?wg?gw??m? If I 7 Bueaiber h, 1951 Iii/r 31210111. mm Aer - Eb ranIIt thI Ernienago SII11II to I refleItin; tho 1IrIalItiIa 1n rIrWais- Imuinatiaa ta IationIl In IlkroIht Beth?. 1: Inc IathIt of In Ispianlge-1IVI3118I11II. I In indicII It tilII I: nIthI 1n the anticat or II IItivI IItitlae. I, - 1: hIing 1n 65-693?3. tI In with Ira II II turniihod that ts?nlf for thI or dItIrnaning another I: I backgruuai 1nvostigatien 1a to II I Av the leiInIgI acetion I blind A A A Iatting forih.ths infatuatiIn II II II IntionIl i . {fr -- . A 133?9 7 I. . as . 45-60393 Tolson {Add ABE ?Nm. ?garcons? - Pi: 2 1352 i" {?glg a I3 I31633 ?35 ?at 331 i952 . . A r' 17:. . 9? A . mm "?wzgaamaf mj?wdaw -. 1- c.9333??- . T013611 . 2mm Salsas ?Li-Glenn - . n. - 7 ?y-?Nicnols :l ?g Enos-h, "Lfri?acy 1 :er?arbo?i; m? COPIES EamonTale. den?vr_ laN-aasai-V'5? ar? My.? . . x- .w?i . ;1 i 1-7. V. . $-10 ?b . 1? ALL I-TEIB r3: fj??u. '7 I 13 ?El: - {39-39-3306 FBI, .LBANY 12-3-51 1-05 PM ?$31 81/;de ECTOR, 5/ HANS ALBRECHT BETHE, ESPIONAGE DASH R. REPORT PRESENTLY BWQA ?5 5? b7C PREPARED IN THIS MATTER, AND SHOULD BE COMPLETED BY WEDNESDAY NEXT. 5?h, X1541 {4 My END 1-435/ pig] . V, 63 DEC 21 1951153?3 . :m-r Wa'vrw =wr 2' Jthe subjedt if an 22922229: 222222!" If: 222.2222 has ?rtviaualy 2242 2232 222122232 29 2%6. .F22h22822222229 22222 222_ 2222 srgviw?lly made 22221 lGlavm 22322 are 22 in the 22222 Regen? Tracy SSA-lids I 1:012. 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ES UEEJSLESSIFIED 7 BY b6 (65-15836) - w. ?mmusmrm- - 61 ?fw?aj .673 my 2/ win 10/10/51 uncle-MW mm cranium b6 ~31 b7C 1; ?9 In: amt-?mm ?uWW?vh?h mumaammuwwmu. - m. - act mummy {1&3ng 354?}! ?31g, 4; i I gm!" ?a 5?3 Q??zykg -T 3 213335 b??ddr?lTLELPg?rba?hT %6 Memord?dwm UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT STANDARD FORM NO. 64 TO MB. A. H. BELMONT DNHL December 6, 1951 1? FROM V. P. SUBJECT: HANS ALBRECH BETHE 3 - ESPIONAGE M5 W1 Reference is made to New York letter to the'Bureau dated October 10,719512 in the above captioned matter. ?fem? Referenced letter refleCted that the subject's baggage was examined by Customs upon his arrival from Among the materials obServed were several pages of mathemati- cal formulae.' Copies of these pages were made and forwizgiiy to the Bureau. ??vwgi. On October 24, 19W -turned tr ese copies oVer to I Atomic Energy Commission, fer aEdetermination to be b6 made by the AEC as to the importance of the mathematical formu?1?. On November 30, 1951, these cepies were returned to the following explanation by AEC: material was given to Office of for review. On November 26, 1951; reported that he could not find anything in the notes containing Restricted Data. He indicated that the_ notes were unclassified studies of the scattering of' charged particles by nuclei and that he Could not find any reference to classified applications. He explained that the papers were working notes on an 'atomic . collision? problem probably concerning 'potential scattering' of gamma radiation. The bulk of the notes ?ll concerned attempts to understand and evaluate certain 'matrix elements' which must be calculated for compari- 4;/son with experimental results." ti?? ACTION: I .103)! 3 It is recommended that this memorandum, with its attachments, be routed to the Espionage Unit. A ATTACHMENTS . SH: 25% 3:3{l3 @j?w STAT ALL CUETEIHED . J- . HEP.EIE UESLEESIFIEE {seams enema omemmr; Pzg?pM SAC, Albany (loo?12000) if??ix?? SUBJECT: HANS ALBRECHT . :9 W353 PM) ESPIONAGE made to the attached report of dated December 12,1951. a .This report is being given a security cleeSification o? 'g?Ea, due to information set forth concerning NEPA and aleo due to the possible involvement of subject in Soviet espionage? bl Information obtained free? was not ?letahn'ni? ll ?Udl I nwru-a +hQ+ bl As per Bureau instructions, information obtained from this source cannot be disseminated. It will be noted that subject has admitted close 1 association and friendship with EMIL JULIUS KLAUS 6% FUCHS. It is believed that it mieht prove of possible benefit to have FUCHS interviewed through the Bureau's liaison representative in Bondon, England. It.Will be noted hat. as set forth in the interv?ow with subject's present one maintains information in the safes located at sub;ect's office pertaining to the receipt and disposition of clessified information and materiel. It will be noted intervieWed at 3 53 her reeidence since it we 5 not thought advisable to . 53 . interview her in subjectis office. Ae'e consequence, if 3' A PFM:hmm waggiggwa/{EO Sr" if 3' 1 Encls. 3W .3 . 6 cc: Albuquerque (En ?Egg <2 WEE: .) Boston (Enol.) EEfEncls. Buffalo (EEncl? g?65 209o; New York (Encls. Chicago? Encl 65 3617 Washington Field Encle) Baltimore (Encleg) ?a ?4 Los Angeles (Encle f: fs\ EE ?333 JAN ll of ?st, b7C RE: HANS ALBRECHT BETHE, ESP, 4 asswg' Letter to Director ws' theSe charge~out and inventory records were not avail- able, and again, it was not thought advisable to ask b6 her to produce such records at any pl.ace other ?than\ b7c her office. - . Accordingly, it is suggested that the Bureau arrange with NEPA and/or AEC to have one of their representatives inspect the contents of the safes in subject?s office .for the purpose of obtaining all information contained therein with reference'to the receipt and disposition . ?of classified documents and material It will be noted that leads have been set to interview at UCLA, and also to interview I Laboratory of NucleafTStudies, Cornell University. The files of this offit ain no derdgatory i ticn identifiable with who is a potential esignated as a facility by the ABC. The ureau is requested to advi.se Los Angele's and Albany whether it is desired that these persons be intervieWed. dem ALBANY 518mm? I 195151;? i3 . mg ?14:?ij {:15 ?11333 -. FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION BI 33E REPORT mm: 11? A I I . 1:133:11? 9972?: 6:31:14? M1153, ?25:50? MADE av . I 12/12/411p455/2E_77105/l . I5i?553 nus . 12/51 .I amsmsuscss ,g?i5 HANS ALBRECHT ?55033? as 1510 NAGE by ,1 1-!711Lm Fl I qu SYNOPSIS OF men's: has been employed as Professor of Physics, Ithaca, Information obtained through of the residence of ALFRED SARANT Ithaca, C3 p- (11946 but that he did SIEE REVERSE IIS-EDE FOR -informa inn nonoprnIne mantirg with FUCHS N. Y. on has advised ROSENBE s. in ?urnisning information to him 5 identified subject as one of ?In? t? in Ithaca. DAVID GREENGLASS has admitted Subject, N?'h jfar selentj.st, who was engaged in the construction of the Atom Bomb at Los Alamos, New Mexico, since 1935, and presently resides at 209 White Park Road, 1950, reflected subjectIrsent a gift upon the birth of child on December 4,1946. SARANT identified subject as an Ezindividual whom he met through his father in law, VICTOR K. D. ROSS, Ithaca attorney, and who was unsuccessful in gainingI admissio.n to Cornell Graduate School. Subject in an interview on July 28 1950, advised that SARANT was introduced ??to him by ROSS as a proipective graduate student in February intercede for him for admission to LICornell since he lacked the necessary qualifications. Subject denied being close friend of SARHNT and denied that SARANT .ever attempted to obtain any confidential information from him. Subject, when interviewed after the arrest oi EMIL JULIUS KLAUS FUCHS, admitted friendship and association with FUCHS. In two interviews at that time, subject furnished conflicting 1-D ?ngpame to HARRY GOLD as a possible Soviet Espionage recruit, on June 4 1945. ROSENBERG. according: to DAVID GREENGT Ass and Corneil University a permissive search N. Y., on July 21, in Schenectady, I that JULIUS 5- - -concernina :ontacts rnisning ubjec?s . 3? f? I Ecswg"If Timex APPROVED AND I SPECIAL AGENT DO FORWARDED: I IN CHARGE NOT WRITE IN THESE SPACES COPIES OF THIS REPORT Tm .55- ?57Bureau l-Albuquerque (Info.) we l?Boston (Info.) l?Buffalo EInfo.g 65 2090; l? ?Chicago Info (65- 2? Baltimore WCont d) PROPERTY OF Magic and its contents are Io distri ted outside of agency to which hipww?? 5&1} 9 Q, SE 135%??qu 15?60633- 55 L114 uulk?iHa..lb.J 4.5 0? {Ma?ab @1130 30 72.1 ahed. f? . (it, \x h) . .. ?Ah? .. - Ir?in? :1 AL loo?12000 (Copies contid) 2 Los Anweles - Miami? Info.) 2 Newark ?3 New York (65?15836) 2 Washington Field A Albany (100?12000) and dvised that ROSENBERG made two +w1nq to pick up information from his~contacc, NEPA, nuclear energy for the prepuls ion of aircraft, tn T+hnn? is a project undertaken by the government in to determine the advisability of using atomic power in aircraft. has 'sz advised that subject has been a'consultant on this project no and has had in his possession various confidential reports b7C b7D pertaining thereto. 'Investigation reflects subject has two safes in his office at Co_rnell University for the maintenance of classified material and documents. indicating that SARANT had access to this mater1al. .01 the subject interviewed concerning and former secretaries the manner in which classif.ied information he3 In an interview on July 28, by subject No information develOped Present been handled 195 subject furnished information at variance with information furnished by present Secretary concerning her access to classified material in his possession. Investigation reflebts subject attended International Conference on Nuclear Physics-at-University of Chicago from September 17 to September.l9, l95l. No Subject wrote an article on the Hydrogen Bomb in the noted. significant contacts April 1950 issue of."Scientific American" and publication was stopped by AEC on grounds that it contained classified informa? tion._ Russia, stated that the U. S. to use the Hydrogen Bomb. of subject, In a corrected article, subject,though critical'of should never be the first nation? During the previous investigation associates described him as a level American. and no derogatory information developed.. ban that between subject and SARANT. he knew subject while. at Cor former employee of SARANT and "H?i-l '1 Hr ?versity. ladvised they 1ecall no close association Subject- not identified by inforniantsi?b as active in Communist Party activities at CorneIiUnivers ity. Correspondents and telephone contacts of subject set forth. Information pertaining to background, including naturalization data, education, employment and description set ferth. 1? la ,a AL II. IV. VI. VII. TABLE OF CONTENTS .EASIS FOR INVESTIGATION I CONNECTION WITH SOVIET ESPIONAGE ALLEGATIONS CONCERNING JULIUS ROSENBERGIS POSSESSION OR INFORMATION PERTAINING TO THE NUCLEAR PROPULSION OF AIRCRAFT AND REPORTED TRIPS MADE BY HIM TO ITHACA, NEW YORK .INFORMATION PERTAINING TO NEPA (NUCLEAR ENERGY FOR THE PROPULSION OF AIRCRAFT) AND ACCESS TO CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS AND MATERIAL PERTAINING THERETO. A. 'Information concerning NEPA. B. Investigation concerning subject's access to! classified documents and material pertaining to NEPA. ATTENDANCE AT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR PHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, SEPTEMBER, 1951 INFORMATION CONCERNING ARTICLE WRITTEN BY SUBJECT IN THE APRIL, 1950 ISSUE OR THE - MISCELLANEOUS INVESTIGATION AND INFORMATION A. Results of previous investigation B. Miscellaneous interviews C. Correspondents of subject .D. Toll call record PERSONAL BACKGROUND A. Birth and citizenship B. Relatives and family Education Employment Residence addresses Foreign travel . Membership in organizations Motor vehicle registration Description Credit and Criminal - ad? AL 100?12000 I. BASIS FOR INVESTIGATION During a perm:iss:1ve search of the residence of RD Cayuga Ithaca, New Yorhy in connection with the investigation of the JULIUS SENBERG espionage network) on July 21 1950 there was located cy Special Agentso Iand the writer a photo a1bum w1?t1 the name [December 43 1946 Ithaca, New Yorh on 11m 1 cover. This book was by ALFRED SDRANT as a book nrenared by his in ceiebra ition oi the birth of their son, The contents of this book included a 11st.of individuals who gave presents when the child was born. A review of this list reflected that and his wife'gave a 1ft of silver. When ALFRED SARANT the persons included in the list of donors} he identified subject as an individual whom he first met in Ithaca .1n July 9 1946 having b2 been introduced to him by his (SAM father? in? law VICEQR b6 K. an attor.ney in Ithaca. At that tim.e SARANT was b7C desirous of ente1 ing Cornell Universi..ty as a graduate student in i?t Physics and he requested BETHE, whom he identified as a leading nuclear physicist on the Cornell faculty} to sponsor his entrance tt1 Cornell He stated that BETHE was unsuccessful in arranging for his admission to Graduate School but that subsequent to this meeting he maintained a social acquaintance with According to SARANT, one of the chief reasons why he moved to Ithaca from New York City in September) l9?6 was to attempt to gain entrance to Cornell as a graduate student. b7D Albanv Confidential Tnformant I has adV1sed that on June 4; 194b ALFRED SARANT advised that he was then employed by the Bell Telephone Company in New rk City but that he expected shortly to receive a research fellows hip to ithe eminent atomic physicistj - Dr. HANS BETHE of Cornell University Graduate School?. During the permissive search of the residence on July 19, 1950, there was locate by Special Agent TO AL 100 12000 ?f a letter dated September 211 19? i}/addressed to and signed 1nd AL1 are ALFRED and uy ALFRED SARANT aS WILLIAI In this letter ERL states:' heard and saw BETHE at the soc. meeting. 's hot stuff all right.? b6 fled the United Statessentering MexicoNC at Hermosillog on AugUSt 9 1950 and his present whereabouts are not Known. has bee questioned concerning the degree of association between qer husband and subject and she furn:1shed substantialy the same information as her husband that he met subject through her father, VICTOR K. D. ROSS, who has subject as one 01 his clients,_101 the purpose of attempting to gain admission to the Cornell Graduate School. was interviewed on .Tn'lv by Special Agentsl Iandl while he was employed as the summer faculty member of the Physics Department University of Washington) with residence at #723 East 36th Street Seattle Washington He advised that he first met VICTOR K.D. ROSS in Decemoe r5 l9h5 when he was recommendeo. to him as an attorney. He engaged ROSS to peri?orm certain legal services in connection with the purchase of a home in?Ithaca. ROSS refused to accept a fees stating it would be necessary for him to charge Dr. BETHE approximately $1000100 as adequate payment and he realized he did not desire to pay that large a fee. BETHE stated that it was his impression that ROSS desired his friendship and that this may have been the major reason for refusing a fee. b6 b7C ROSS initiated a social acquaintance with Dru BETHE by inviting the BETHES to his home} which invitation was later returned on one occasion. However} no social relationship de? veloped. BETHE stated that ROSS has since drawn up his will and perfOrmed legal services for his wifeg in drawing up a Charter for a club to aid an Ithaca Hospital; in which she is interested. Pay? ment was rendered for such services. According to Dr. BETHE, during the few times they met social ,'he and ROSS had violent political discussions leaving him W1?th the impression that opinions were very close to the Communist Party line. AL 100?12000 In February. 1946, ROSS told BETHE about his son?in~law, ALFRED SARANT. who was then employed at the Bell Telephone Laboratory in New York City and who was very interested in studying physics. ROSS asked him if he could help SARANT enter Cornell University as a graduate student. He told ROSS that he was not in a position to commit himself to sponsor anybody but that he would be glad to talk to SARANT to ascertain if he were sufficiently qualified to enter Graduate School. According to BETHE. these remarks by ROSS were brought up in casual conversation. In approximately May, 1946 BETHE first met SARANT when ROSS brought him to his office at Cornell University. In a short 'discussion with SARANT he learned that he did net have the qualifications for a graduate student in physics and he so advised him. He told SARANT that it would be necessary for him to further qualify himself before his application could be considered and recommended several general physics texts for him to study but told him that his chances for admission were not good. Later BETHE told the head of the Physics Department in regard to b6 SARANT's application, that he saw no reason to recommend him and b7C the application was,refused. BETHE continued he was surprised in the fall of 1946 to find that SARANT had moved to Ithaca. giving up his position at the Bell Telephone Laboratories when he had no assurance whatsoever of acceptance at Cornell. He was never admitted to Graduate School but.did gain employment as an electrical engineer in the construction of the Cornell BETHE advised he never maintained any close relationship with SARANT, stating that he had probably not talked to him for over a total of an hour in all of the time that he knew him and that the longest conversation he ever had with him was during their first meeting. 1 - a -n a; denied ever discuss1ng any confidential data with SARANT and further denied that he ever entertained SARANT in his homP 0? was ever in home. He stated howeVer, that his was a clo r? nd of because had taught at a nursery school where the BETHE children a a en ed and that was very much loved by the BETHE children. and visited quite a bit and because of ac at the AL 100?12000 were next~door neighbors of the Mrs. BETHE met and visited the SARANT home on several occas;ons. Dr. BETHE explained that he and his wife had given a present to the SARANTS on the birth of their child because of the feeling of obligation for the - free legal service which had been rendered by VICTOR K.D. ROSS. 4, He added that he had no idea what the gift had been but was sure that the value was definitely not in any respect equal to the legal service rend red. Dr. BETHE de ied er know?n -or contacting OSENBERGF WILLIAM PERL JOEI i I MQBEON b7c or HARE OLD He denied that any approach in any manner had ever been ma to him on the pait of any person to furnish information to an apparent espionage agent. He stated that SARANT never pursued the development of his friendship and that he never gained the impression that SARANT wanted technical data, nor'did SARANT ever ask for such. He concluded that SARANT is a frustrated type who gives the impression that he feels that he has never had a chance for performance adequate with his ability However, BETHE added that technical ability is strictly average. II. CONNECTION WITH SOVIET ESPIONAGE On February In, 1950, after the arrest of EMIL JULIUS in England on charges of espionage activitym on behalf of the Russian government subject was interviewed by the writer at his office in Newman Laboratory. Cornell Un;iversity. Subject advised that he had been a close associate and friend of FUCHS, having first met him at the UniverSity of Bristol..Bristol, England in 1934 FUCHS was a graduate student and subject a research assistant. Subject stated they did not become too well acquainted at this time and that this period of association lasted for only half a year. Subject stated he believed he next- on a visit to England during a trip there in 1936 or 193 Subject advised that in l94?. he was in charge of_ the Theoretical Division at the Los Alamos Atomic Project. Los? Alamos, New Mexico.. This Division performed the calculations beforehand as to how the atomic bomb was to be made and assembIEd and how it would work. During this period, FUCHS joined the 9 cup -5- . ,1 AL at Los Alamos and worked under subject from the summer of 1944 until January, 1946 when subject left the project. Subject stated that he next saw FUCHS in June er July, 1946 while he, (subject), was employed at the General Electric. Company, Schenectady, New York. FUCHS was on his way back to England and stepped to see subject. Subject recalled that their main topic of conversation was an accident that had occurred at Los Alamos when a Dr. SLCTIN was killed by radioactiviti when.a reactor ?ran away?. It was subject's recollection b6 rom Boston came to Schenectady to meet him,but subject b7C a Vise that he did not meet her and does not know her name. He believed that FUCHS remained in Schenectady only one day. Subject stated that since this meeting he saw FUCHS two other times, one occasion was in England during the summer of 1948 when subject Spent a day and a half at Harwell. He talked to well as several other scientists and FUCHS showed him around and told him something of the theoretical work being done there. Subject stated that he was under orders of the Atomic Energy Commission not to talk on restricted matters and that con~ sequently the conversation was strictly one sided. During the spring of either 1948 or 1949, FUCHS visited subject at his invitation in Ithaca; FUCHS had come from England to attend Declassification Meetings in Washington, Subject advised that as he recalled,FUCHS stayed one day and their main topic of conversation was nuclear reactors and declassification. Subject stated that again he was under orders of the Atomic Energy Commission not to discuss any restricted information. At the conclusion of this interview, subject stated he never had any reason to suspect FUCHS of espionage or even to consider him pro?Russian. Subject added that to his knowledge FUCHS never attempted to elicit any confidential information from any of his co-workers. Subject remarked FUCHS?arrest came as a complete surprise to himjand he felt that he does not know whom he can ever trust since he always regarded FUCHS as absolutely loyal and trustworthy. Lye.? .N AL 100412000 On April . 1980. subiect was again interviewed concerning FUCHS by SA I This interview took place at the Knol Atomic Power Laboratory, Schenectady, New York. It will be noted that in the previous interview,, subject stated he saw FUCHS at Schenectady, in June or July, 1946, that it was his recollection thatl Ifrom Boston came to Schenectady to meet FUCHS but that he, (subject), did not be meet her and does not know her name. In this second interview b6 subject stated that sometime in May, 1946 he received a letter b7C from FUCHS stating he would like to stop for a visit prior to his return to England; He stated that he must have advised FUCHS to visit him at the General Electric Company in Schenectady. Upon recollection, he stated that he was at the General Electric Company from June 17, 1946 to July 10, 1946. Records of that company reflected FUCHS visited subject on June 25, 1946. Subject advised that on the day of his visit, FUCHS ?arrived alone around noon and that FUCHS planned?to,and did meet afternoon. Subject further adviSed that he is quite positive that FUCHS also saw] and While at General Electric. Late in the afternoon, according to subject, both he and FUCHS left the plant and walked uptown-where they metl lat a drug store. ,He believed that they either had dinner or a light lunch together and that it was his recollection that after eating FUCHS a train_for Boston and he returned to the Van.Cur er 0 el, where he was then residing. Subject stated he resided at this hotel for abdut a week after h? arrival in Schenectadv on June 17. l946 and when sub?let a house at he moved in with the Iand'stayed there until his departure on July 10, 1946. Since it had been previouslv ascertaine from that - from June 24, 1946 to August 9, 1946 to of Rochester, New York and since General Electric Company records reflected that FUCHS visited subject on June 25, 1946, these facts were brought to subject's attention. He then advised he felt sure that FUCHS and accompanied him via bus to where it was quite possible 1971?) AL 100?12000 they had dinner. Subject then recalled that FUCHS had expressed a desire to star overnight for an extra'day visit at Schenectady but that qui te anzcious to :return to Boston as soon as possible to see her children, who had been left in someone's care. He then stated that FUCHS and hisl: took the night b6 train to Boston b7C On Albany Confidential Informant I of unknown rel;_ability, advised that JULIUS HOS onv;c-ed Ru sian espionaoe agent)? in furnishing information pert i to Istated a con a a . el once he-ferred to as (th netic). On April Iadvised that ROSENBERG ?had ain discussed ith him and mentioned that two excellent iriends (1n he college) namely; Professors (phonetic) andi or~ In discussing this above 1n10rmation with the n.orwa 10,1951, it was ascertained that these indiyfdua?s are identical with and o. the Physics Department of Cornell University. ,It should to? that subject's name is b2 pronounced phonetically b6 h7c On July 2 1951, a confessed Soviet b7D eSpionage agent who is now serving? a 15 year sentence for - conspiracy to commit espionage against the United States, advised 3H3 and that-he furnished the name of Dr. HANS BETHE,_among othera to HARRY GOLD on J1ne 4. 1945 ,as a possible Soviet espionage recruit. He stated that had advised him that BETHE was a Communist. DIVID h- stated that he never met BETHH who was then (in 1945) connected with the Atomic Energy Project at Los Alamos, New Mexico_ as was GHEENGLASS. me_ 11 related that his instructions were to _furnishm the names of prOSpective rec cruits to his contact; however, under no circumstances was he to follow up by contacting the individuals. He stated that he never spolce to JULIUS ROSENBERG -Or HARRY GOLD again about BETHE and does not know whether BETHE was actually recruited to do espionage work. GREENGLASS stated that his instructions were received from hisl F) 100 12000 a agent who in turn had received these instructions from JULIUS ROSENBERG. GOLD gave the list in .which name was included to ANATOLE AKOVLEV then MV_ice Consul of the S. S. E. Consulate i.n Ne.w York City. GOLD is a self confessed former RusSian espionage agent currently serving a thirty yea prison sentence. ALLEGATIONS CONCERNING JULIUS OE PEETAINING TO THE PROPULSION OE AIRCRAFT AND REPORTED TRIPS MADE BY HIM TO ITHACA, NEW GBEENGLASSB mentioned previously, has_advised that in either March or October. 1948; JULIUS ROSENBERG told_him that he had_the mathematicq for ?an atomic motor? for an airplane. Confidential Informant has reported that ROSENBERG claimed to have received highly confidential data pertain3ng to the nnuclear propulsion of aircraft. Information will be set orth subsequent section oi this report concerning th Nuclear Energy for the PropUJSLon of Aircraft) Project. - . b2 It was set forth preV3 .oust in this report that by SEC their own and ALFRED SABANT were personally b7D acquainted. It was also re:flected that JULIUS ROSENBER identified Confidential Informan? as one of On Alhanv Confidential I advsed that RosaNease had I On Albany COnfidl Tho ?m?mhl advised that JJLTUS had (one3sp b2 10713 my! AL 100-12000 b2 b6 b7C b7C w?W be nOted that ALFRED SARANT preViOUSly adVised SA and the writer that he moved into his home/on Cayuga ?GignES Head, Ithaca in February, 1949. This would then place the train trip sometime subsequent to February, 1949. ~10? AL . It will be further noted that believed to the automobile used in the second trip to Ithacaqpurc ase gaccording'to Bureau of Motor Vehicle Registration records in New York City; a new 1949 Buick convertible from the Glidden Buick Corporation of New York City on May 143 1949.- This 'would then place the automobile trip sometime subsequent to: May 14, 1949.- At the time of his trial in U.S. District Court; Southern District of New York, DAVID GREENGLASS testified that JULIUS ROSENBERG met him early in June: 1950 and told him thathhe had just come back from upstate New York,where he had Seen some. people. GREENGLASS in his testimony placed this contact ROSENBERG sometime between June 43 1950 and June 15, 1950. U.S. Weather Bureaus New York City, advised b2 SAI hat during this period there would have been b6 two dates when a person could have driven from Ithaca to New Yorkb7c City in a continual rainfall; the latter half of June 3 and the b7D early hours of June A, and the period extend?n from 9:00 AM June 10 to two to three A.M. June 11, Iadvised that the JUne-lomll period (a weekend) was the more probable possibility. IV. INFORMATION PERTAINING TO NEPA (NUCLEAR ENERGY FOR THE PROPULSION OF AIRCRAFT) AND ACCESS TO CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS AND PERTAINING THERETO 'b7D 'A;"Information concerning NEPA. - . rThe follow?ne irformation'was obtained from Albany Confidential Informant - "Commencing in 19H75 a project was undertaken to determine the feasibility of using an atomic power plant in aircraft. This project was known as NEPA (Nuclear Energy for the Propulsion of Aircraft). In May of i947, an initial report on this study was issued and was known as NEPA Technicaereport No; 4. This report could be considered to contain the basic mathematics in developing atomic energy for airplane propulsion. f? AL 100-12000 In 1947, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology cbmmenced an exhaustive study of this problem and its work in this regard was commonly called the eX1ngtOn Project?. On - September 30 1948 the results of is Lexington Project? were published in a report known as therLeXington Report (LEX The appendix to Chapter of this report contained the basic mathematics for the solution of the problem of the application of nuclear energy in an aircraft power plant. B. Investigation concerning subject's access to classified documents and material pertaining to NEPA. Albany Confidential Informant referred to above, -has advised that subject was furnished with numerous progress and completed reports pertaining to the NEPA progegj32-and that a number of these documents were receipt for-bv one who it is understood is identical with the subject. . This informant furnished the following information of pertinency concerning the various NEPA reports that have been in subject's possession. b2 DATE COPY DATE DATE Eric TITLE ISSUED we . ASSIGNED EETURNIWD 107 b7 It will be noted that Albany Confidential Informant of known rel:1abilityJ has advised that NEPA No 4 report, assigned to subject, was actually a proof which had been submitted for consideration and final approval prior to publication. This informant also advised that Copy No. 343_which was an abridged edition of the report} after the more highly classified portions had been deleted, was sent to subject on June 6, 1947. -12_ AL 100-12000 To conti ?nformation furnished by a Iwas It to subject prior to the latter part of 1948 when was em lo ed informant indicated that bothl had received clearance from the Atomic Energy Commission to handle classified material? however} this informant stated that subject had another the year 1948 whose name was unknown to the omic ?nergy Commission and who had not been cleared to handle ABC material. It was further learned that subject maintained NEPA material in the same safe as AEC material assigned to him prior to October 20, 1949. when NEPA supplied him with a separate .safe for their information and documents. It was understood that according to instructions} no one was to have access- to this safe with the exception of Dr. BETHE and a number of NEPA officials who were actively participating in the project. According to Confidential Informant: the ABC required a periodic inventory from those persOns having classified AEC_materials..which inventory is supposed to set out the identitgg of all persons haVing access to that material. Informant advisedbg Shaft per these inventory records as of July 191473 ORE1SQN and Ias well as subject were MLiaTed_bW3 3 access to this AEC data. Further, that in 1948 I Fa?a were listed as having access thereto. - I ICornell University, was interviewed concerning the manner in which clas- sified documents are kept at Cornell University. He advised that any professor having classifiedxdocuments must safeguard them according to existing instruCtions of the particular branch of the government to which the documents apply. He added that there is no central depository for soch documents or classifie?d infor? mation nor is there any central record of documents on inventory or charggd gut by any particular professor for his personally? assigned safe. stated that any clasSified information or documents assigned to subject would necessarily be kept by subject in a safe assigned to him. that he knows -13.. 100~1ecoo that subject has classified information in his possession,b th"t ~he himself is not aware of the nature of such information. ladded that he has come to know Or. BETHE quite well since 1as been at Cornell, and that he regards him as an ultra- sincere, straightforward individual and that he has never ha i any reason to question his loyalty or integrity". that he has talked with subject concerning MORRISON who 'is one of his associates in the Department of Physics,and has questioned him concerning reported. Communist affiliations. According to bubject in these conversations,though maintaining that MORRISON is not a Communist, has expressed his own personal 0 inion concer ing Communism which created a definite impression in mind that subject is strongly opposed to Communism. Cornell University, upon interv1ew he writer, I'urnished substantially the same information as did I He stated that each person having-classified iniorm? ion-is responsible for taking b6 appropriate safeguards for this information and that the securityimc officer, and the University, in no _way dictates to an individualk?s or controls him in the manner in which he-is to keep classified documents assigned to him. km the Director. thsios Cornell University, andl of the Nuclear Laboratory, Cornell University, advised that since lgur the following individuals have been employed by Cornell University as secretary to subject. employed in 1947. She came originally from New York City and was last known to be employed at the? American Institute of Physics, 57 East 55th Street, New York City. I Iemployed in March,-1951, according to Cirnell University records, 1 ith her husband at] where he was employed by the Westinghouse Electric Company.. . i1h1 .. 14? AL I employed sub'ect in 1948. h6 is now married and her last name She was las known h7C to be residing someplace in Hawaii. er ome address on Cornell b7D +11? ?Acords is Shown as has been employed b1 subiect from lean to date and she presently was interviewed by SASI Ianq on October 153 1951. I hdvised that is currently employed as al llndustrial Engineering Department Columbia Universityg New or. L1 y. She indicated that she was previously employed by the American Institute of Physics, 57 East 55th Street, New Y: rk City. b6 h7C stated that from April 1. 1946 until b7? May 14 she was employed as aI For the Physics Dep? Cornell University During this period she serveda as a to both Dr HANS ETHE who were of the Nuclear Studies Schoo a Hbrnell Hniversity. loated Cornell University in February, 1947 to continue his work with the Atomic? Energy Commission on a full?time basis and that he is now at the California Institute of Technology. ?urther advised that there were two safes, one in the office 0' nd the other in the office of Dr. BETHE at Cornell Univers1 y, W1 ch were used to keep classified documents. For clarity these safes will be referred - he No. safegewhich was maintained in the office of [:E:;if:jand the No. 2 safe. which was later maintained in.the 0 ice Of Dr. BETHE. Concerning the N3. 1 safe] kurnished the folloWing information. She stated that this was the safe in which the very important AEC documents were maintained and that// there was a stenographio notebook maintained in the safe,-which was 1151 AL 100512000 used for charge~out ur oses ,She stated that when she came to Cornell UniversityJ furnished her with a combination of the safe on a piece or papeh and thereafter she committed it 'to memory and destro ed the piece of paper by burning it. She stated that was the only person who knew the combination of the No. safe at that time and he must have forgotten part of the combination because he relied upon her memory for the combination. I Istated that she passed this combination b6 on tel in Februar' b7c indicated thatl Ihad become her b7D and she later succeeded her as thel lShe ined that she passed this combination in writing tq and advised her that she should commit the combina ion_ 0 memory and thereafter burn the piece of paper on which the combination had been recorded Qhe Further advised that lhad joined the staff in e1 1er September or October, 1946. I Istated that uponl he furnished the combination to the No. safe to who was successor as one of tne uclear Studies Laboratory at Cornell University. further advised thatl I would keep some OI his confidential materials in the No. safe; howevers on any occasion when he might desire these materials, she would remove them for him and after_he had completed the use? of the materials she would return them.to the safe. She_advised that the onlv other oer??on who would keep anything in the No. during the period she was employed as a ecial courier came from Los Alamot and delivered to a quantity of classified material which was a- see use safe was Awho is thel She who is a land a ar an job of or some similar titled peeltion at not Alamoa and] that as a continuation of the position whic had formerly held at Los Alamos. She stated that -.5 . AL 100-12000 gave her this package of - ?v e?keeping in the No. safe. She indicated that ould from time to time come to her and request these documen and hereafter she would remove them from the No. safe and ould usually take them to the office of her husband, which was approximately . 150 feet or so down the hall freq loffice, where-the No. safe was kept. stated that would sub- sequently return the documents to her to be replaced in the safe. However, she stated that there was no accounting of these documents and she never knew the exact number of documents which were maintained in this package. Concerning the No 2 safe} 'furnished the following information She stated that thissai'e was obtai.ned? during the winter of 1946 to hold classified materials which were sent from Los Alamos to Dr BEBTHE. She explained that Dr. BETHE was on a committee which reviewed materials in order to decide b5 ?whether they should be declassified.7 She stated that there were b7c considerable classified documents sent to Dr REWHE hv reeisteredb7o mail from Los Alamos. She believed that one was employed at Los Alamos and that he would receive the docurents, upon declaSsification,from this committee. She indicated that there was no charge-out record_kept in this safe while she was employed as departmental secretaryti? Concerning the combination for this safeg she stated that upon obtaining th a 'hich was government property as was the No. the combination and recorded it on a piece of paper or er to commit to memory and thereafter this piece of paper was burnef. She stated that she passed this combination on to in Februarv, and she doe not recall that anyone else other that and herself knew this combination. Ifurnished the following information in? to FEPA. 'She stated that Dr. BETHEI land a research assistant at Cornell Universit were all consultants to projec She stated that had r? formerly been connected with the Los Alamos atomic project as were Dr. BETHE and She recalled that all three of these men had on va (he, made se a a" a to New York City to 9) who we ?f the Fairchild ?Airplane and Engine Corporation, with offices at Rockerfeller b6 Plaza, New York City. She indicated that this individual would k?c on occasions come to Ithacag New Y:>rk via his private plane to b7D consult with Drs. BETHE, She rec called taking die the early stages of the NEEA project for Drs. BETHE and lcopies of which were maintained in the No. safe. b6 She stated that these letters were sent registered mail. b7C . b7D Itated she could not recall any progress the period she was employed as the re orts dur; A . the stated that ?the mm from the was conSidered to be something fantastic and was just a matter which you might joke about?. She stated she had later learned that the idea of NEPA had considerable merit and it is her understanding that today it is,or will be a successful venture. I identified various photographs I I as an individual who was either a graduate student or a graduate assistant in the Physics Department during? the period she was at Cornell University. She stated she possibly had met Ithe Iwho would call for at Rockefeller Hall. She indicated that Rockefeller Hall housed the Physics Department and the laboratory at Cornell -. University (this was before the construction of Newman Hall the new laboratory for nuclear studies at Cornell). 14 Istated thatl Idid not work direct under Dr. however, she stated the Graduate School was a well?knitg close organization and almost everyone in the departme was known to everybody else. She stated they often attended socials and receptions at various faculty members homes and they had am le 0 portunity to become known to one another. She stated that to her knowledg e, did not have access to either the No. 2 safes afore mentioned,and she has no knowledge that may have had any access to material which Dr. BETHE maintained. - -131 AL 100?12000 Concerning WILLIAM PERL, failed to identify the various photographs of him which were exhibited to her. However; she stated she recalled readinb about his arrest in the New York newspapers. She stated it we. very hazy in her mind, however. she cannot definitely place where, but there was b6 something about PERL or PERLE in Dr. EETHE papers. She statedi?g it was possible that Dr. BETHE had corresponded with someone by h7c the flame Of I, 1071) _It Should be here noted that when subject was inter? viewed by the writer on February 143 1950, concerning his association with EMIL JULIUS KLAUS FUCHS, he advised that FUCHS was one of the scientists who had come to the United States from England to work on the atomic energy project at Los Alamos and that this-group of scientists had been under the direction of I Iof the University of Birmingham. It is possible that this may be the individual_referred to Photographs of ALFRED I and various other individuals connected with the~ ROSENBERG espionage group were exhibited to] [ithout effecting identifications. - ?On October telephonically advised Special Agentl I that ?Dr. BETHE may have obtained the combination ;?or the No. 2 safe. at the time she furnished the comdination to? She stated that Dr. BETHE had access to this safe inasmuch as it was in his office and he would help himself in obtaini4g_doeumenis_1 . from this safe. She also advised that at the time furnished her with the combination of the No.1 safe, he reset the combination, and. there is a question in her whether 7 at the time he physically passed the safe 0 the combination of thissafe to She Stated as reluctant to accept the responsibility of the No. safe and this accounts for the question in her midd as~to . whether he actually receiVed the combination from ~19! AL 100?12000 also adVised that filed the ecessary forms for her to obtain clearance to handle the classified documents in the No. safe at the time of her employ- ment in April, 1946. She stated she does not know whether she ever received any clearance,inasmuch as there was no apparent investigation conducted pertaining to her clearance. In this b6 connection she also advised that she had no knowledge of whether l?c clearance to handle classified documents. b7D Iwas interviewed on November 163 1951 by SASI advisealLsm?l not employed other than as a an? mat her is now working as an !at the Atomic rower DiVision, Westinghouse'?lectric Company,. is Field, . Homestead, I Itated that she was employed as a in the Physics Department at Cornell Universityj Ithacay New York, from a October, 19H6 until JuneS 1947, during which period her Iwas a student in Mechanical Engineering at Cornell University. She said that she served as anl the regular] Ifor the major part of this employment and eventually replacedl I when the latter left about April, 1947. ?ccordina tol L2 the Physics Department hired another shortly afte? left. Howeverg'snelwas o: the opinion that this was only a temporary_appointment since was only of high school age. - stated that her job consis?ed of taking dictation and typing correspondence and reports for all members of the Physics Departmenn numbering about 10 faculty members in all, as well as occasionally doing some typing for a graduate ., fstudent. However; she was principally occupied handling lduties for Dr. HANS coone withl later- succeeded I According tol she was officialy em lo ed as an Ibut was in effect to Dr. BETHE and his aL 100?12000 Accordingly, she had limited contact with_ _?pdrother members of the faculty. pointed out at the outset of the interview that she had had no previous experience and no particular aptitude for technical subjec such as nuclear physics,and that therefore she seldom had any real understanding of the papers or dictation handled by her or even took an interest in this correspondence. She advised that she'wa.s MW re that a b6 considerable amount of atomic energgy re search was being conductedb7C 1'by members of the Physics Depar oment but she had no recollection b7D of a ?Lexington Rep?" a other specific documents or projects. Moreover stated she did not know the significance of the term. NEPA or have any recollection of research work at Cornell relating to the study of nuclear energy for the propulsion of aircraft. . She did recallg however that on a few occasions the department had received registered maiL presumably containi _ng classified AEC documents irom Les Ale mos s, New Mexico and Washington. D.C. It was her belief that this mail had always been addressed to Dr. BETHE and that it was carefully sealed and stamped with. ?Confidential? or similar markings. She advised that in these case where she had re ceived this mazil she had kept it under her personal observation or stored safely in her desk until she was able to turn it over to Dr. BETHE personall_y. . recalled that the Dhysics Department maintained two safes) one i office and one in Dr. BETHE's office. She advised that,to the best of her recollection, she never had access to the safe inl I office and further that she had no knowledge of the security measures relating to this safe; the persons who had access to it, or the contents-thereof. Conner ing the safe which was kept in Dr. BETHE's i -. stated that only Dr. BETHE and had direct access to this safe, inasmuch as they were the only persons who knew the combination. She stated that she never had the combination to this safe herself and advised _21l that whenever-she desired to rain entrance to the safe, she had to ask either Dr. BETHE or Ito open it for her. She stated that the only reason she ever had to go into the safe was to make deposits or withdrawals from the department's petty cash fund which was kept in the safe. . b6 - h7C questioned?regarding her b7D claim never to have had the combination to Dr. BETHE?ssafe articularly in_view ofl was given the combination on a slip of paper and asked to commit it to memory). she stated that although_she could not be positive of this statement, in view of the lapse of time involvedg she definitely had no recollection of ever having the combination or of opening the safe herself. advised that she had no recollection concerning the specific contents of the safe other than it contained the petty cash box; as well as a number of documents and papers which she presumed were classified and which probably included the correspondence Dr. BETHE received from time.to time from EEC. She ad.vised that she cannot reme?mber any specific security mea asurea such as a cha?genout book or periodic inventory; which might have been in effect with res gpect to this safe. It was her beliei that Dr. BETHE and] Iccasionally .opene ed the safe for other members of the faculty or graduate students to allow them to take out specific reports or documents which they wanted to study. advised that she could not remember what measures if any. Dr. BETHE employed to safeguard this material, and she said that it may have been necessary for the person- charging the document out to remain in Dr. BETHEs office While reviewing1; it although she was not sure of this. She had no knowledge what ever concc erning the possibility that some of the documents chareed out in this manner ma ay have related to the NEPA project. pointc out that the safe was in fact kept in Dr BETHE's private office which was ac jacent to the office in which her own desk was locate czi, and that Dr. office had a private entrance which was frequently used by faculty members and graduate students.? She stated that in view of these -22- if? AL 100?12000 circumstances, it was not always possible for her to know who was visiting Dr. Bi 3THE o-r what may have transpired in his office with respect to the safe. stated that her office was'shared by another who oddly enough was not affiliated in any way with the Physics Department but who was employed by a professon name not recalleds who had something to do with student affairs at Cornell. . It should be here noted thetl Imentioned abovegis to Cornell.Jn1vers1ty. o; p1ysics. has been contac oy the wri*er ann she advised ared an office witl or a very short time only and that She has absolutely no Know ecge concerning the work performed by Dr. his activities,or the'material contained in his safe, or any other safes in the Physics Department. hdvised that though a of physics, of the Faculty, devotes 95% of his time to the duties involved With EEC this position rather than the duties of a professor of physics. >b7c Photographs of WILLIAM PERL Were shown tol I who failed to identify PERL either by de scrip A photograph of ALFRED SARANT was the shown to appeared at first not to recognize the subject u_ moment's hesitation stated she had a vague recollection 0E:Effing him at Cornell. Moreover, the name SARMNT was familiar to who advised that she definitely associated th.is name with Cornell However} she could not place the subject sfpecifically? or recall the circumstances in which she may have met 83 RANT. A nhotoeranh v? be immer liately recognized by who believed that he had been a gr raduate at Cornell during her employment there. However; Iname was not familiar to her and she could not fur any specific information rebarding him. ~23+ AL 100-12000 was Hv 0A Ion November 29. 1951. a hdvised that sne was_ the to Dr. HANS BETHE who was connected with the Physics Department 01 Cornell University in Ithaca, New York} from September, 19h? to July; 1948.' . I Ltated that during the time she worked in this capacity, ., a file cabinet with a combination . locking device was maintained in the office of Professor HANS b6 BETHE. -In addition to herself. the following individuals 333 connected with the Physics Department of the University knew the combination of the safe and had ready access to it. These individuals Were Professor HANS Professor PHILLIP MORRISON and At this time. MORRISON and ere conneCted With the staff of the Physics Department. a ,d definitely that she Knows that these three individuals had access to the safe because she remembers all three of them opening the safe at various times during the period of her k\ E, employment Dr. BETHE. \Sj She recalls that the combination of the anti we? react in October or November, 1947 by I BETHE3 herself and MORRISON had access to? this:faff:hjth-before and after the combination was reset by r_ stated that all confidential papers in the possession of Dr. BETHE as a result of his connection with classified projects of the U.S. Government, as well as some of his personal papers} were kept in this safe and that Professor MORRSION kept some material, the identity of which she did not know but presumed it was personal mate ?a a second drawer from the bottom of this safe. Was unable? to specifically identify any of the confidential documents which were maintained by Professor BETHE in the safe in question. Relative to the project known as NEPA, she stated that the phrase NEPA is vaguely familiar to her and that she is quite confident that while employed as a she took some _gh_ 9\l\ I 1 Hurt-MW ecsse 1 1 111100?12000. diets tion on this project. or, she could not recall any 1 specific deta11s. After taking iictation on this or any other projL>ct her notes Were ubseguently burned. She did not ?recall anything abou;- a Lex:1ngton Report and could give hf absolutely nro information cencerning it. 1 1:213Relative to ALFRED SARANT andl I she 1 stated that to the best of her knowledge these inc ividuals 1 did not have the combination to thi.s safe and she cannot recall 1 ever having seen them opening the safe or being in the immediate 1 Vicinity when the sa_fe was _opened an other individual. She added} however, that SARANT anf to the best of her 1 knowledge, were doing graduate work in the i1eld of PhySics 15.5" 1 1 - Swim a under the direction of Dr. HANS that it appears to her that. SARANT in very close contact-with BETHE as a resu1t OI 1e1r research projects. She Was unable tO' g1we any informa i.on.as to whether or not the research projects 0 nducted b? and SA RANT were in any way connected with ?e confidential work :h1 which Dr. BETHE was engageifrom b6 _ime to time as a result of his positi_on as Coordinator in b7C the Physics Department She eXplaine Dr. posi.tion b7D xby starting at the thqiwg Department itself was under the I'?xa fdirLotion of and that the Nucle1r Research 1 Branch of the Department was under.the direction of 1% from about April 1947. Dr asses position was 1 a oordinator between the?Rhysics Department?.itself and the - -1 Nuclear Research Branch- of the Department . wife: . :1 11:59.1 - 1:1: 91? 15.37. was unable to state whether or not Dr. HANS BETHE ever took_ any of the other members 01 the Physics . Department into his confidence in cz>nnection with the Classifie projects on which hL was workin. or whether or not the others even knew of his confidential work for the govermentL 1 Etated'that to the-beet of her knowledge 1 all classi ied ma terial whether connected with the Atomic .4 1 Energy Commissi_on or any other government department, Was -p 1arlways kept by Dr. BETRE in the safe maintained in his office, i 1 except that on occasions When mail was addressed to Dr. 1? office and no one was in it, the mail would 1251 C11 eff ewes/5" WVWW. akin: 1.1L in?wr?V l. >197 1% '34} AL 100?12000 .de'ivered to one of the irdividuals employed in the office Of Upon receipt of this mail by one of these employees, it would immediatelv he out in the safe maintained in the outer office of here it would remain until she herself or Dr. BETHE would either take the mail directly from this safe and put it in Dr. safe or until . some employee of Ioffice _would remove the mail from this safe anc bring it directly to either her or Dr. BETHE, at which time it es?then placede in them.: safe in Dr. office. atlded that thes b7D occasions were very rare,and that on none oi these occaSions. . did She ever have reason to believe that the mail was opened or tampered-with before it was delivered to either he custody or the custody of Dr. BETHE was unable to give the names of any individuals who may have een emnlovei as a to Dr. BETHE outside of herselfi whom she believes preceded her, and whom she be ieves succeeded her in that pQSition. Qhe stat ed, hoWever, that an indiv?q - - as name of was for a time employed as the in office but than lnever, to the best of her knowledge; had done ies for She also believes that womnr known t0 her inya was emnloved inl office.and that a lto I was onei [but that none 01 these; to the he st of her Knowledge) had ever performed duties focDr. BETHE nor did they have access to the sz-e .Li ed in Dr. BETHE's office. . also stated that for some reason or_ other, the name of is familiar to her and that she has heard this name and for some reason connects it with her duties at Cornell University. However, she could not sta it was in connection with her official duties as a to Dr. whether it was the name of a student in the Physics Department. She could not give the first name of this individual ?26_ AL 100?12000 and stated that.the full name of JULIUS ROSENBERG meant nothing to her whatsoever; She also stated that the names of WILLIAM PERL, HARRY GOLD, and DAVID GREENGLASS are unfamiliar to?herj and that she has never heard these names in any connection whatsoeVer While she was employed at Cornell University; :3 A Ina 1? h?rm?mi mwm? hv b733, -the Writer at her residence? AL 100?12000 advi_sed that she he served as subje Lct's at the Laboratory of Nuclear Studies at Cornell University since Septem er 13, 1948. She stated that, although this laboratory was officially opened on October l, 19&8: several of the offices began functioning prior to that date. She added that she has neVer been employed in Rockefeller Hall, which is the main physics department hall. - v. . tated that when she fIrst began employu ment at the Laboratory 0 Nuclear Studies, subject was on sab? .batwl al leave during the_first semester of the 1948?lgd9 school year and during this period was teaching at Columbia University in New York City; As a consequence, though her position called for her to be his she had no connection with subjectb6 -other than typing up rom 1me to time certain manuscripts whia?c he sent hell?. . b7D stated that when she first began this employment there was one safe located in subject's office. This safe contained all classified documents and information in_the posse Lssion of the staff members of the nuclear laboratory. She stated that she did n1t know the combination of this safe until after subject's return to Cornell in February of 1949. She added that it was about this time that she received clearance by the Atomic Energy Commission. Upon suhiect?s return, he gave her the combination to the safe. stated that while subject was at Colombia Univers1ty, any mail of a classified nature which he would have received would have be en directed to him in Rockefe ller Hall, where ?t would have been held i?ethe safe in that bu1ld1n" under the Iofl lto the Director 01 the Physics Depa1rtment. b6 stated that during the period from b7C September, -9co to February, ?9 9, the following individhals on the Cornell-faculty may have had access to this safe: - Professors MosaisoN.l added, however, that she oes no 'know who, if any, of the foregoing individuals had the combination to the safe. -38- . AL 100?12000 stated that from February? 19A9 to the present she has_had access to and has-had the combination of, thissnfeg which was given to her by Dr. BETHE. She stated that the combination has been changed from time to time by subject. She further stated that prior to June, 1950, no inventory was kept of its contents, the only record being the receipts for material received. She_ad1ised that such receipts are maintained in the safe. According to Isince June, 1950 she has maintained a record book of all material entering the safe which shows date of receipt, date of document, description or reference. copy number, sender, classification, and date of transmittal. With further reference to this safe; stated that she knows that for a short time subsequent to February, 949 PHILIP MORRISON also knew the combination. She stated, however, that he has not had the combination for well over a year since it was over a year_ago when he removed all material assigned to him and returned all classified documents. She stated that witb? the exception of MORRISON she is certain that no one has known the combination of this safe since February} 1949. b7D Istated that sometime in late 1949 or early 1950, subject received a second safe which was furnished him by NEPA on a loan and was for the exclusive use of NEPA documents. All documents pertaining to NEPA that had been kept in the other safe were removed by subject and placed in this second- safe. htated that she maintains a record of the receipt or all material which has been placed in this safe since 1950 and that since the receipt of the safe, only she and subject have ever known the combination. I {advised thad Iis known to her as a former graduate udent and she stated she is absolutely positive that he never had access to either safe, Istated that she was never acquainted withr ALFRED she failed to identify a photograph of him-as' ever having been a visitor in her office. She addedj however. that she has seen his name on records maintained at the nuclear laboratory as a former employee. ~29; AL 100-12000 we shown photographs cf JULIUS ROSENBERG and WILLIAM she state that these individuals are not known to-her. She further stated that and lare unknown to her. When questioned ccncerrine the identity of subject's I Iprior to her employment, Istated that he had nol Iduring the summer'o lyre. When questions -d cence the identity of NEPA documents in the possession cf subJect she stated that the ton Report? is fe milie to her and that this was part the material which was moved. from the firSt safe at the time-3'36 of the receipt of the second safe from NEPA. She stated that subJect returned this TGpOl?t tc NEPA in September or Octcber ljai. She advised that she is not able to identify any other reports pertaLnIn repert number During the ceurse of this interview, described subject as one of the finest men that she he eve known.. She stated that the develepment of the atomic bomb has been a source of worry to him,since he realizes the terrible potentials of the bomb when it comes to killing power. She stated that she has heard him remark that he is not in fever of the development of the hydrogen bemb since he cannet see any use to which it may be put other than the destruction of mankind. Istated that subject be quite hurt when the article that he had writ ten for the American? in the April, 1950 :Lssue resulted in the AEC destroyinc the issues of the munaz ine .1 ~ady been panted containing this article. Accordinb to subject told her that he did not think that he he included any restricted or classified information in this article.- She stated that since that time he has been particularly careful in matters pertaining to security. 1 stated that she considers subJec both a- foe of Communism and of nuss1a,and that she is of the sincere opinion that he is for Ameri a 'iirst by last and always 0; AL Information was set forth earlier in this report - 2 an ?nterview had wit subject by I land on July 285 195 wnen he was, questioned concerning his relationship with ALFRED SARANT. At the time of this interviewy subject stated that during the time 1 that SARANT was employedi at Cornell the University had no confidential contraicts and that SARANT had n) access to confidential data in his Work on the BETHE stated that the only confidential informAEion at Cornell University at this time, b6 of which he was awe re, was contained in ve rious documents b7C relating to a conf:Ldential consultant contract which BE THE had with the Atomic Energy Commission since his termination of duties at Los Alamos, New Mexicosbut he-claimed that ??FAmm bad no - access to this information.? BETHE stated that formerl-y was employed at California Technical Institute and may have had access to classified information at that time which possibly could have been available to Concerning the confidential information in his possession, subject stated that all documents relating to his consultant contract were maintained in two safes in his office at Cornell University. He stated that the combine tion to one safe is known only to.himself and the combination to the nthen safe is known only to himself and to his (this individual is identical witd w"erre to above). Subject advised that the last mentioned combination was changed by order of the Atomic Energy Commission in January, .1950 but that the previous combination to this safe w?s_KnQ?n_?Q1 1nd Professor MOBRISONB both of the epar men a ornell. Subject stated thatl brobab not know SABANT and was not Close tol knowinf 'bg 'onl a a graduate student Q1bject further stated that bio his-present also probably did not know SARANT and was acquainted With only as a graduate student at the University._ Dr. BF HM soVWsed however, that Professor MORRISON was close to and that he knew both were active in a minority political party in Ithaca, of which MORRISON was Chairman at that time. . It will be noted that the information furnished by subject with reference to the safes in his office is at variance -31- With information received his It will be noted the hdvised that she knows the combination of both safes in subject?s office, whereas he advised that she only knows the combination to one safe and that only, he himself knows the combination of the other safe. V. ATTENDANCE AT INTERNATIONAL ON TUCLEAE PHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 1951 Confidential Informant advised inl I that subject had been invited to attend the International Conference on Nuclear Physics_, sponsored by the Institute for Nuclear Studies of the University of Chicago from September 17 to 22 1951. On September 123 1951 to the Director, Department of Physics, Cornell University, advised that subject had been in Europe during the summer but it was her, understanding that he was returning to the United States on . b2 September 20th and would be :Ln Beechhurst, Long Island, on that b6 date. b7C h7D Records of the Tthana Post Office reflected no change of address for subject. I advised that his records reflected the subject had instructed all mail' received by him during the summer months be delivered to the Nuclear Laboratory at Cornell University. Albany Confidential Informand bf known relia~ bility, advised that subject maintains a so ring account at the First National Bank of Ithaca but that records of? this bank reflected no chanege oi address for subject during the summer of 1951. This informant advised that a review of subject?s checking account reflected that the last item in the account was a check dated August 9} 1951, payable to in the amount of $510.00. This checks whicq bore subject's signature was cashed at the-Bank of Manhattan Company in New York City. The foregoing information was furnished the distinct understanding that it would not be made public . except following the issuance of a subpoena in a proper case. -32-. AL Laboratory 01' Nuclear Studies, Cornell UniverS1ty, adv1sed on September 14th that subject was returni_ng to the United States on September 16th and th a r1Vc 1n 13%.aca, New York on September 20th. It that he would J?tayl for one rday, S-eptembe 16th, with his mother, Mrs, Cryde Point Beechurs t, Long Island dded that he had learn(a that subject would leave rK for Chicago, .Sunday night, September 16th, to attend tlie IntH national Conference on thl{dr Physi.cs. to the Dean of the Faculty, Cornell University, advised that she has learned that during the first week in September, 1951, subject was in Germany and his wife was in Switzerland. She added that he was returning to . Cornell University on September 20th after attending the conferagpe of nuclear physicists in Chicago, Illinois. b6 - - b7C Albany Confidential Informand of known b7D reliability, advised that subject arrived at tle International Airport in New York City at 12:15 PM, on Flight of ns~ world Airlines on September 16, 1951, This informant advised that subject was traveling alone and was not met by anyone,and that his baggage consisted of one metal handbag and one canvas zipper bag. Subject left the Irilewild Airport at 12:55 PM, traveli.ng by ta .xi. c.ab and arrived at Cryder's Point at 2: 00 PM, stopping a.t a boarding house named MICHELS. Informant stated that Cryder 3 Point is a small section in Beechu1st, Long Island consisting of about ten homes in a private location on a private road. Subjecttraveled by taxi cab from Cryder's Point to LaGuardia Airport and left on Flip :ht 129 of American Airlines at 9: 30 PM, September 16th enroute to Chicago. Albany Coniidential Informant of known reliability, adviScd that subject arrived at t1e Chicago 1 Municipal Airport on American Airlines Flight 129 at 11:05 PM, Central Standard Time, September 16, 1951. After making return reservations, which were ascertained to be Flight 12d, departing Chicago for Detroit at 2:40 PM, Central Standard Time, on September 19, 1951, and for Flight 716 from Detroit to Buffalo, I ?3?3 AL ioc~1ecoc New York, departing Detroit at 5:05 PM, on September 199 1951, subject left the airport. It was ascertained by this informant that subject stayed at the Hotel Windermere, 1642 East 56th Street} Chicago from September lott to September 19th, 1951. Albany Confidential Informant? of known reliability, advised that subject made no telephone calls While staying at the Hotel Windermere and also that he received no mail (luring the period of his stay the The schedule of the International Conference on Nuclear Physics, University of Chicagog reflected that subject was listed as a participant in a 2:00 PM session on Mondayj September 17, 1951 and as one who would give an auxiliary paper at a session at 2:00 PM on September 185 1951. 0n Albany Confidential Informed of known relia ility, advised that he attended about half of the sessions of the International Conference on Nuclear Physics held in the Institute for Nuclear Studies at the University of Chicago from September 17 to September 22 1951. Informant stated that he is acquainted. with subject but had only one chancb2 to talk with him during the conference. He stated that as far b6 as he could judge, subject is a reasonably loyal person who is b7C among the advisory group of the ?Bulletin of Atomic Scientists".b7o Informant's impression is that BETHE is somewhat conservative, seems to have a very firm belief.in democracy, and seems to think that the people of the United States can decide Questions oorrectlv Informant statedl Informant stated he did not know whom supJeCt contaCted at conferencegbut.he did know that he minaled with a number of deleaates. Informant added that he On I Albany Confidential Informan? of known re liability? advised that he first knew subjectl Ilnformant?stated 19h" AL 100~1acoo. that subject Spoke at the Conference on Nuclear Physics and that his remarks were purely scientific and were dis ion of some eveeriments which had been reported on I on the preceding day} Informant stated that subject is a man of broad interests and capabilities and that he considers him loyal to the United States. He stated that he did not see much of subject at the conference and did not know with whom he was in contact, but did recollect that he did not see him during the last few days of the conference. Informant added that he obServed no activity indicating anyone was'trying to obtain classified information and observed no breaches of security during the' conference. Albany Confidential Informan lof unknown reliabi__ity, advised thatl that he considers subject to be a loyal american. lniormant stated that subject had given a lecture at the Conference on Nuclear thsics at the Universitvhg of Chicaaol b6 b7C b7D I Albany Confidential Informant of-known reliability, advisedl land had ViS1ted with delegates on a number of social occasions,at which time he observed no breaches of security. This informant could furnish no specific information concerning subject's activities at the conference. '0 Albany Confidential Informant !of known reliability, advised that although he did not mee? su ject at the Conference on Nuclear Physics, he did have a social contact with various deleIates to the conference and that he had observed no breaches of security or attempts to obtain classified information. a Albany Confidential Informant advised that subject ~departed from Chicago at the Chicago Municipal Airport on /2 ~35? AL 100412000 Flight 120 via American Airlines at Central Standard Time, September 19, 1951. Albany Confidential Informant of known reliability, advised that subject arrived at Buffalog New Yorkb2 from Chicago, Illinois via American Airlines. Blight (16 at h7D approximately 8: L2 Eastern Daylight Saving Time, on September-l9, 1951. Subject immediately took a taxi to the Lehigh Valley Railroad and boarded an eastbound train, departing at 8:55 PM. It was ascertained that subject was going to Ithaca, New York, where he would arrive at'12:45 AM, Eastern Daylight Saving Time; September 20,1951. This informant advised that subject' baggage consisted of one large leather case, dark brown with light tan trim and an overnight bag, either canvas or leather the color of which was a bril?liant red. VI. INFORMATION-CONCERNING ARTICLE WRITTEN BY SUBJECT IN THE APRIL, 1950 ISSUE OF THE Reference was made previously in this report to an article written by subject in the April 1950 issue 0 - ?Scientific American? Albany Confidential of known reliability} recently i'urnished information received by him from Albany Confide-ntial Informz?nil Iof unknown reliability. Confidential Informant in referring to the ?Sciont1-fic American?, stated that it runs to the sort of stuff? which the Soviets w:3uld like to see in a popular scient1fic journal, including leftewing authors on atomic energy and security questions. There runs through nearly all the issues, a general vein of anti?security editorial policy and the most significant of this sort of material is 1.n the May, 1951 issue at Page 33, where they deride the idea that the SOBELL trialj at which GREENGLASS testified dealt with real security matters that it was vital to keep secret. The theme is that the atom bomb is So complex that no individual could do much harm by revealing a detail. This informant went on to report that the magasine used information received from various left-wing authors and -36- J. 3 ?rat?3" Li-Ai Di ?ght'cmn? case) 7 ev?T-rfi N. ?53*:ch $41. any 6:6, [jay/Q3) If{ A (.4.- ,1 AL 100-12000 makes particular reference to subject, whog according to this informant,was against the H-bomb development and holds that our best and proper defense against Communism is proSperity. This informant advised that subject-also attacked separatism and supra? ~nationalism_ which ?are ways of expressing the support of the one world idea and the everybody should share the bomb and other atomic energy so ocret matters? . This informant further advised the .t the April, 1950b6 issue of the IiScientific American' contained a 5 000 word article by HANS BETHE, which was suppressed,on account of fourb7C technical paragraphs by order of the Informant reported that in.One story on this incident, BETHE was identified as ?warwtime chief of theoretical physics at Los Alamos?. According to this informant, 3,000 copies already run off were burned, type was melted down,and every galley proof and script imp ded. The ?Scientific American? through its editor, TEL, attacked the AEC decision a?nd went to some trouble to drum Up scientific opposition to the ABC's policies on security in a way fully consistent with the editors?general opposition to effective security policies. Further} according to this informant the" Federation of American Scientists jc ined the protest attacking attempts to restrict secret information and ridiculing the idea that ?seCUrity lies in blind secrecy? I On September 26, 19515 Editor of the ?Scientific American? was interviewed by SAI and SA I FLANAGAN stated he met subject in -connection with an article of BETHE's which was published by the ?Scientific American?. FLANAGAN explained that he had been advised by a friend, one EUGENE HABINOWITCH, of the staff of the ?Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists? that -d written an article on the hrdrogen bomb. FLANAGAN advised that the ?Bulletin of Atomic ScientistS? is publiShed in Chicacgo by the Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists and has a circulation_of about 153000 copies per month. He also advised that HABINOWITCH was a professor of physics at the University of Illinois and was co~editor of ?The Bulletin?. RABINONITCH suggested to FLANAGAN that the ?Scientific American? might like to publish subject?s article. FLANAGAN advised that he read the subject?s article and E0373 x91 A ?a M'nr g?a 1} new; 1?1 A, issue _Bas_eeasi smraof.i,ii 21,512.. C??iaau AL 100?12000 BETHE gave him permission to have it published. FLANAGAN said that when subject prepared the article he had it mimeographed and circulated about twenty copies among his friends and among other people to have it cleared. He sent one copy of the article td I one of the five memberq of the Atomic Energy Commission. When the article was sent t? he was away on vacation and did not see it until -the ?Scientific American? had set up the arti cLe and had run off about 55000 copies. The article was sent a personal basis,and as a sult it was not examined b1 any other memfif:if::] the Atomic Enerf 5y Commission during absence. When finally read the article he felt it coatained certain material which should not be published. FLANAGAN advised that the Atomic Energy Commission destroyed the printing plates on the article and confiscated the 5,000 copies of the magazine that had been run off. FLANAGAN stated that none of the original copies of the magazine which was published in April, 1950, was delivered to the news stands. FLINAGAN stated he talked to the subject about deie?fcg the objectional passages and they made sever deletions. The Atomic Energy Commission then approved the article.in its corrected form. FLANAGAN advised that the article was article on why BETHE did not want the United States to manufacture the hydrogen'bomb. FLANAGAN stated the since the article was not technicah it did not occur-to subject that the information was not generally known. According to BLANAGAN, subject opposed the manufacture of the hydrogen bomb because he felt that this country could get by with the atom bomb and that in manufacturing the hydrogen bomb we would have to manufacture fewer atom bombs. FLANAGAN stated he believed subject's feelings were of a technical nature rather than of a political nature. . FLANAGAN mad available a copy of the April, 1950 issue . of the ?Scientific American? and in the first paragraph subject. in referring to agrevious article} written by onel I stated that he agreed entirely with his view that the creation of the H- bomb makes our country more vulnerable rather than more secure. Subject goes on to state that he will discuss the hydrogen bomb ,4 .. - far g. i..i .- AL 100-12000 both on the technical side and on the political side and that on the political side he wished to take up the moral issue and the meaning of the bomb in the general framework of our foreign relations. The folloWing is quoted from the section of this article devoted to the moral issue involVed in the construction of the hydrogen bomb: believe the most important question is the moral one: Can we who have always insisted on morality and'human decency betWeen nations as well as inside our own country introduce this weapon of total annihilation to the world. . The usual argument heard in the frantic week before the President's decision and frequently since is that we are fighting against a country which denies all the human values we cherish and that any weapon however terrible must be used to prevent that country and its creed from dominating the World. It is argued that it would be better for us to lose our lives than our liberty and with this views I personally agree but I believe this is not the choice facing us here. I believe that in a war fought with hydrogen bombs we will lose not only many lives but all our liberties and human values as well. ?Whoever wishes to use the hydrogen bomb in our conflict with the U.S.S.R. either as a threat or in actual warfare is adhering to the old fallacy that the ends justify the means.a The fallacy is the more obvious because our conflict with the U.S.S.R. is mainly about means.? It is the means that the U.S.S.R. is using both in dealing with her own citizens and withoother nations that we abhora We have little quarrel with the professed aim of providing a decent standard of living for all. We would invalidate our cause if we were to use in our fight means that can only be termed mass slaughter. ?We believe in personal liberty and human dignity,- the value and importance of the individual, sincerity and openness in the dealings between men and between nations, prosperity for all and peace based on mutual trust. All this is in great contrast to the methods which the Soviet Government uses in pursuing'its, aims and which it believes necessary in the ?beginning phase' of Communism - which by now has lasted years. -39 AL 100?12000 Rel;T imentation of the private lives of all citizens, my tematic education and spying upon ones friends, ruthless shifting of' populations regardless of their personal ties and preferences, inhuman treatment of prisoners in labor camps, suppression of free speech, falsification of history in dealing both with their own citizens and with other nations, violation of premises and treaties and the distorted interpretations offered in excuse of these violations these are some of the methods of the U. S. S. R. which _are hateful to the people of the western World but if We wish to fieht against these methods, our methods must be clean.? b6 b7C Later in the article subject states: ?So We come finally to one reason and only one that can justify our building- the Hubomb: namely, to deter the Russians from using it against us if only for fear of our retaliation. Our possession of the bomb might possibly put us in a better position if the U.S.S.R. should present us with an ultimatum based on their possession of it. In other words, the one purpose of our development o? the bomb would be to preve nt_ its use, not to us it. If this is our reason we can contribute much to the peace of the World by stating this reason openly. This could be done in a declaration either by Congress or by the President that the U.S. will never be the first to use the hydrogen'bomb, that we would employ the weapon only if it were used against us or one of our allies.? On September 27, 1951, Dr. JOHN R. DUNNING, Dean of the School of Engines inn. Columbia University, New York Citv. was interviewed by SA SM Dr. DUNNING stated he was famlliar With the ?Scientific American" and believed that it is the foremost magazine of its type in the country. He stated that it is not a ?left~wing magazine? and as a matter of fact takes no political position. Dr. DUNNING stated that he was familiar with the circumstances surrounding the publication of the subject's.article in.the ?Scientific American? and believed that the facts were the same as those mentioned by . Dr. NG stated that he knew Dr. BETHE and that he thought that BE THE had exercised ?poor judgment? in publishing the article. He stated that he did not believe that -AL 100?12000 opposition to the development of the hydrogen bomb was caused by any disloyalty to the United States. He further stated that Dr. BETHE is a very capable scientist and is playing a foremost part today in the development of the hydrogen bomb. On September 24. 19515 in Charge of Research, Cornell University. was interviewed the writer as reported previously. During this interviewl::?::] stated that he had heard of the difficulties which arose over etb? ct' ar ?,le written for the ?Scientific American?. Howeveryl stated that he was not an uainted with and had not read ar ic?e in question. did stated that he has read the ?Scientific American? 011 and on for several years and that in his opinions by no stretch of the imagination. can it be considered ?leftuwing?. He stated that he has always thought that the magazine attempts to keep itself free from political questions and issues. - b6 b7C MISCELLANEOUS INVESTIGATION AND INFORMATION A. Eesults of previous investigation? I The following investigation was conducted bv SA I bn April 7 and 8, 19M7. 4 of the University, Cornell University, Ithaca, New Yori, ated that he was personally acquainted with Professor and had Known him since he first arrived at Cornell in 1935. asserted that BETHE was of excellent character and reputationjand that he was considered a very distinguished member of the Cornell faculty and as being one of the outstanding theoretical physicists in the world. I:Istated that he had never heard any criticism or comments in any way derogatory pertaining to BETHE's political beliefs or sympathies, pointing out that,on the contrary, BETHE was a German refugee who was regarded as being strongly antieNazi, anti?Communist, and antiwtotalitarianj being strongly pro~American and pro-democratic. that BETHE is one of the most ?emotionally pro?American na uralized citizens he has ever met and stated that he has-no doubt but that BETHE is entirely loyal to the government of the United States. He added that reputa- _tion concerning politics was that it was very conservatives that he I41- i AL 100?12000 - seldom expressed himself on political matters,and was inclined to leave such matters to officials of_the government charged with the responsibility of policymmaking with respect to the United States and implementation of scientific development. of the Department of Physics, Cornell University; stated that as a member of the staff of the Ph side Department; under his administrative supervision. stated he has known BETHE ever since he first arrived at Cornell in 19355and that he has the highest regard for, 3 him from the standpoint of his ability - -entleman,and as a'*b6 loyal and patriotic American citizen. Eff:f:?stated that at no vac time has he had any cause to suSpect or in any way question any of BETHE's activities) associates or conduct. He pointed out that BETHE is, in fact, a German refugee and that he fled from Germany to this country because of his d?saereenent with the Nazi philosophy ruling Germany at that time. stated that BETHE has frequently expressed himself as being anti?vazi, anti~Communist, and anti?totalitarian and very strongly pronAmerican and prom democratic. added that he knew-that BETHE is concerned over the present aggressive political tactics of Russia,and that he feels that it is the responsibility of the United States to curb Russia in order to protect democracy and freedom throughout the world. With respect to the diaposition of atomic materials and the construction and diSposition of atomic Weapons tated that BETHE is inclined not toexpress himself on an Dean CARLETCN C. MURDOCKB Professor of Physics and Dean of the University faculty, advised that he had known BETHE and had been associated with him since his arrival at Cornell in 1935. Professor MURDOCK considered BETHE to he the highest type of gentleman from the standpoint of character and reputation,and an intensly loyal citizen of the United States, MURDOCK described BETHE as being typically a ?pure scientist? and that he occupied himself almost entirely with scientific research and did not associate with any individuals outside of his field. MURDOCK stated that BETHE seldom makes any statements or comments of a political nature,and when he does he.is criticizing Communist and like philosophies and expressing himself in favor of demoCracy . and Americanism. According to BETHE is grateful to the _42l ?1 AL 100-12000 . .United States for accepting him} granting him Wmerican citizenship, and permitting him to pursue his scientific endeavors in this country. Professor MURDOCK stated that he would not have the slightest apprehension over the loyalty and patriotism of Professor BETHE. of Cornell Laboratory of?NucT5EEWStudiesg advised that he had knoWn BETHE s1ncf?lg?mnand that he had been intimately acquainted with him since early 1943, pointing out that he anc BETHE worked very closely together at the Los Alamos project. I stated that he had the highest regard for Professor BECHE describing him as a ?pillar of strength? among the fielcl of scientists, nany of whom are noted for their diverse opinions in matters outside the field of science. stated that he knew BETNE to be conservative in// his politic op1nions, being somewhat socialistic but so deeply loyal to the United StateS\tha-t he was content to let the appropriate government off?icials d.etermine policy with respect to the political aspects of scientific matters. I B. Miscellaneous interviews was interviewed by SA 1nd SA on June 18 and 19, 1951 at the as Court House in llew Yo rk C1ty. In discussing Dr. HANS BETHE Istated that ALFRED SARA NT and casually Tho tn hn? hmah personal friends 0 respectively;of for a number of years. EEC stated that L0 18E LAHANT pos51bly knew Dr. BETHE through me; inasmuch as BETHE came to Cornell University in approximately 1935 or 1936. - stated that he first met BETHE at Cornell in the Physics Department, having taken courses under him. He indicated that he knew BETHE only as a teacher and the only social- relationship he had was to have attended mcaptions at the BETHE home on White Park Road in lthaca. stated that hi became acquainted wi'h BENUE's Wife, through nursery school at which his had taught. He stated AL 100?12000 - b6 that the name of this nursery school was Cornell Nursery School. b7c who is employed as a by the thaca and who is also employs ed as a was interviewed by the writer in Julyg 1951 and was? questioned concerning the re elatio::h:p between ALEIIED SAEANT and HANS BETHE and PHILIP MORRISON. advised that he has seen these_individuals in and about It sca,1ut he never saw them with .b2 SARANT. He stated that he recalls something that SARANT once told b6 him about trying to get to help him enter Cornell University'b7c Graduate School but that this 15 the only time SAEANT ever 73 mentioned BETHE and that he does not believe that they were very close friends. He stated that he does not remember SARANT ever mentioning MORRISON. Albany Confidentie Imo cwenJ In? 1*now?n reliability, a former associate of was questioned concerning the relationship between BETHE and R088. He stated that he recalled BETHE as one of clients,but that he never heard ROSS make any particular mention of him,and that to his knowledge? they never were close friends or associates. -This informant further advised that he does not believe that subject was ever a close friend of ALFRED SAEANT. Albany Confidential Inform nown reliability, and Albany Coniidential known reliability, wh0?both are acquainted with Communist Party-activity at Cornell University. have advised that to their knowledge, subject has n'e ver been connected with any Communist activ1ty or front movements Since he has been at Cornell University. C. CorreSpondents of subject . Albany Confidential Informant of known reliability: has advised that subject was in correspondence}, wath the following individuals during October and November.'1951. r' 1441 AL 100?12000 #??ioncil?on Foreign Relations, New York City 1? ?jfg?gotrowMec. Laboratory; New York 73 New York Cryder?s Point; Long Island, New York With reference to the above, it will be noted that Cryder?s Point, Beechhurstj Long Island, is the address of subjectls mother. ?45- . be b7D With reference to the above calls, it was ascertained that Trumansburgj New York; telephone 90F12 is a public phone booth in the Bath House at Tougannock State Park. s2 . a - b6 Albany known b7c reliability? furnished the following information concerning the b7D Western Union telegrams, mentioned above. It will be noted that information obtained from this informant can be made public.only in court upon issuance of a proper subpoena. ?n 10537] Lani?. 17.431 wartime. tol Ens ta Both telegrams contained was ?urther ascertained that when sent these messages, he indicated that the subscribers to the telephone from which they were sent was It was ascertained from I Ithaca Savings Bank Buildings lthacaD-New York thatl I is an expression in Greek which equals our expression of ?many ~47? b2 b6 b7C AL 100?12000 I my happy returns of the day? and it is the message generally used to 'convey one?s wishes on a birthday. . - Records n? ?hm Pp?i??wnP'Q Universitv reflect the I I is a candidate for a degree in Chemical Engineering, having entered Cornell in September. 1948. His lis listed as] to Foreign Studentse Cornell Universityy advised that he is acquainted witH who entered Cornell with advanced standing from the University of Athensy with his education sponsored by the Amecican Wield Service. stated that he was instrumental in placing ht the residence of Dr. BETHE, where in re?urn tor certain house duties he receives his room and board. stated that he a high?type individual and is an outstanding student and athiete at Cornell University. It was ascertained from tha? Ihas a girl friend,who, according to undoubtedly identical with the individual at Mike's Grill in Corning, New York called from.subject?s? telephone. PERSONAL BACKGROUND INFORMATION Information set forth in this section, unless otherwise noted is a compilation of material obtained fronthe files of the Ithaca Credit Bureau: Cornell University, Confidential ?Who's Who". A. Birth and citizenship . Tompkins Countys? Ithaca, New York, made ava11ab1e the ?Record of ietitions, Book wherein is filed Petition for Naturalization; No. 1295, Supreme Court of New York at Ithaca; New York} which reflected that .a petition of naturalization for HANS ALBRECHT BETHE was granted by that court on February 105 1941. Certificate-of Naturalization No. 5079504 was issued. as- AL 100-12000 A Certificate of Arrival attached to this file reflected that BETHE arrived in the United States at the Port of New Yerk from Bremen, Germany on February 8, 1935 on the 8.8. He has lived in Ithaca, New York continuously since the date of his arrival in the United States. In hi.s Declaration of Intention, BETHE stated that he was born at Strasshourg, France, July 2, 1906 and that he was German. He listed his last foreign residence as - erm- a listed the maiden name of hisl Ias slated that they were married On September 14, 19j9 a ew ochelle, New York. She was born at Munich, Germany, March 20, 1917 and entered the United States at New York City on April 30, 1936 and had not been nature lizc2d as a citizen of the United States. B. Relatives and family I - b6 Father, ALBRECH BETHE, 9_Q_y orsthe us Street, Franka?ct, Germany (born in Gerilany and Citizen of Germany). Mother, ANNA, BETHE, Cryder?s Poinn New Vork (lorn_in Framm an? Citi?en of Germany)- I . residence I (hora in Germany, citizen o1 uut, uumut LL . born in the ?flit/ed. States and Citizen of the united States). (born 4?an TTm?wenm (Han 4-Hr1 v. T1. on (?14?m4? C. Education Goethe Gymnasium, Frankfurt on Main, Germany; Univer? sity of Frankiurt; Un:lvers ity of Munich (PHD, Degree, 19 28), honorary degree, Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, June, 1950. ,2 D. Employment 1928 to 1929, University of Frankfurt (assistant in theoretical physics), 1929, Stuttgart Technical High School, Stuttgart, Germany; 1930 to 1932, Private Docent, Munich, Ge rmany; "he- AL 100?12000 1932 to 1933, University of Tubingen (lecturer in Physics); 1933. to 1935, University of Manchester, Manchester, England; 1934 to 1935, University of Bristol, BristoL Eng land (research fellow); 1935 to 1937, Assistant Professor, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; 1937 to date, Professor of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; 10/10/42 to 3/1/43, on leave of absence from Cornell, at the Rad iation Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. 3 5/1/43 to 2/1/46, on leave of absence from Cornell, on Project Y, BSM Project, Los Alamos, New Mexico (Division leader of the Theoretical Division) It also Will be noted that subject.wrote the article on?Neutrons? in the Britannica Revised? It will be further noted that subject is a consultant 7 to the Atomic Energy Commission and has also been employed as consultant by the General Electric Company in Sohenectaiy and by the Brookhaven National Laboratories E. Residence addresses Prior to 1935, Bristol, England, Manchester, England and Tubingen, Munich, Stuttgart and Frankfurt, Germany, 1935 to 1937, Ithaca, New.York;, 1937 to 1939,101 Highgate Road, Ithaca, New York; 1940, 104 Northway Rc cad, Ithe c1, ew York; 1941 to 1942, 20 Remington Road, Ithaca, New York; 8/42 to 3/43, 10 Forrest Street, Cambridc Mass; 4/43 to OfIiCe Box 1663, Santa Fe, New MeXico; 1946 to date, 209 White Park Road, Ithaca, New.York. E. Foreign travel 7/35 to 9/35, Germany and England 7/36 to 9/36, Germany and Switzerland; 8/37 to 9/37, ermany; 7/38 to 9/38, England, Germany and 7/39 to 8/39, Canada_; summer of 1948, S. Office of Naval Research assiggned subject to visit), Physics Departments in England (Manchester, Cambridge, Birmingham, and Bristol), in Germany (Frankfurt, Munich, and Goethingen), and in Switzerland; summer of 1951, subject traveled in England, Germany and Switzerland. - AL G. Membership in organizations National Academy of Science; New York Academy of Science; American Physical Society; American Astronomical Society; Federation of American Scientists; Association of Scientists of Cornell University; Sigma Xi; Phi Kappa Phi; and Gamma Alpha. H. Motor.vehicle registration -r . 6 Motor Vehicle Bureau records in the Tompkins ch County Sheriff's Office,.lthaca? New York, reflect no motor vehiCle registered under_the-name of suhiect: but two motor Vehicles registered to hisH a 1935 Ford color gray, engine INew York registration I and a 1950 Pontiac, four?door sedan; model TH eieht cylinder, color gray, seria' engine no. New York registration I. Descriptionm The following description of subject was obtained from' records and augmented by-personal observation: Date of Birth: July 2: 1906 Place of Birth: Strassbourgg AlsacenLorrainey Germany (France) Citizenship: United States (naturalized Race: - White Height: 1.: S'll? Weight: . 190 pounds Eyes:? Blue Hair: Black Build: Heavy_ Characteristics: Foreign accent;_very precise in speech President Residence - Address:- 209 White Park Road, Ithacaj N.Y. Employment: Professor3 Cornell University,, . . .Ithaca? N.Y. Photograph: Available ~51- AL 100-12000 J. Credit and Criminal Subject has a the Credit Bureau of Ithaca information of a derogatory Subject has no Police Department or the To itiefactory credit record with and his file there contains no nature concerning him. egriminnl record with the Ithaca ipkins County Sheriff's Office. PENDING -52- AL ADMN A (1W. b2 b6 b7C b7D Copies of this report are being designated for AlbuquerQue, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, and Miami for information purposes in View of the .fact that these offices 1ay be requested to conducted investigation in the future in this matter. . This report is being given a security classi- fication of-??ecret? due to information set forth concerning NEPA and also due to the possible involvement of subject in Soviet espionage. 1' i AL loo?12000 BALTIMORE OFFICE. At Chevy Chase, Md. w/M?q Will identify and furnish fr" derometor" inforweticn ?appearing in office files corcernina Delephone LOS ANGELES OFFICE At Los Angeles, Calif. Will intervie? IInstitute of Numerical Analysis, UCLA, regarding his knowledge of the handling of classified documents and material in the safes in subject's office at Cornell University, and determine what persons may have had access to suchrinformation. (It will be noted that subject has advised that was present during a meeting with Will hold the above lead in abeyance pending -b6 authorization of same by Bureau. b7C THE NEWARK OFFICE At Linden, N.J. Will identify and furnish any dero ator informa? tion appearing in office files concerniqg teleEhone _telephone and r_ NEW YORK OFFICE ?4n6 b/ft Beechhurst, Long Island Will identify and furnish any iniormation of a dernaatnrv hatnrn A pearing in office files pertaining to It is noted that an individual by this name was the rec1p1ent of a check in the amount of $510. .00 issued by subject on August 9, i951; also, that the residence of subject?s mother at Cryder's Point, Beechhurst, L.I., is called (Letter pOstmarked 10/17/51). ?55- 7, AL loo?12000 PAGE p/Kt Brooklyn, N.Y. ?Will identify and furnish informat?on a . office files concerning I I ?Letter postmarked lO/l?/ t?will be noted that subject's heme was v/?t New York City Will identify and furnish any information of a 'derogatory nature contained in office files concerning the following listed individuals and/ or telephone numbers: ecouncil on Foreign Relations.(Letter postmarked 10/8/51} (Letter postmarked 10/9/51} f- b6 b7C I kelephone and l/Will interviewl Ifor any specific information in her possession concerning any albged Communist or espionage activities on the part of subject. Will interview LOUIS F. BUDENZ for any specific information in his possession concerning any alleged ?Communist or eSpionage activities on the part of subject. P/At?Garden City, L.I. Will identify and furnish any information of a derogatorv nature appearing files concerning Delephone AL 100?12000 ADMIN. PAGE are? Glen Cove, N.Y. Will identify and furnish any information of a deroeqtorv nattire appearinv in offioe files concerning telephone - b/?t Yorktown Heights Will identify and furnish any information of a derogatory nature appearing in office files concerning telephone and New York City telephone ON FIELD OFFICE Will check the records of the Passport and Visa Division Department of State, for all pertinent information concerning ubdceb" foreign travel. Will interview a member of the ntemic Energy Cemmission,1'or informatio? in his pos ssion concerning subject?s breach of security in the article written by him in the "Scientific American" THE ALBANY OFFICE At Syracuse, New York Will identify and furnish any information of a derogatory nature appearing in office files coffef?yig (It will be noted that 1s name of subject?s - At Dryden, New York Will identify and furnish any information of a derogatory nature appearing in office files concerning Telephonc 'x AL .ADMIN. PAGE At Poplar Ridge, New York Will identify and furnish any information of a derogatory nature apnea ire office files concerning Telephone At Schenectady, New York Will identify and furnishwany information of a derogatorv nature annearing in office files concerning telephone At Ithaca, New York b2 Will interviewi I Laboratory of b6 Nuclear Studies, for any information regarding his knowledge k?C of_persons having access to information contained in the -b7D safes in subject's office. Will hold this lead in abeyance pending authoriu zation from the Bureau.? 1 Will locate and interview ?ormer of subject in the summer of 1947, for any informa~ tlon concerning her knowledge of persons having access to subject's safe and for thermanner'in which classified material was maintained by subject. Will, through established contacts, sources of information, and confidential informants, follow and report subject's activities at Cornell University. Will maintain Contact with Confidential Informants a - i n. i ?re . a. LaFEDERAL BUREAU OF AA: A r, . ,zii?? - DE 09? 39?30%: . ?1 ALBANY -, A . '7 .v . Dun-swag? REPORT BY '1 . b6 v- WHICHMADE A: .7 . . NEW . 1/10/52 . 12/28/51 . . . THEE ESPIONAGEA Rf And both of Llnden, .-, j_ nti?ied. Newark indices ref1ect no infomAtion identifiable with either. . p-333 a . . -. Confidential Informant Newlark of known an-l'vs- n'p 10:1 +qun n-nk-In 1" ?1than T. advi.ed that 4? and Iatyw GPW.M Th? current L1n . b2 Tax-I wr-mwho Of jhb6 .7 A I l: The current?Llnden Olin-y .b7C . .3 TH ?nch-H has] ccupation-as "real Q?s-italibgehis residencesasxAbfofveand,?: A. 1? A identifies his 35 - - I A report At the Credit Bareau of Greater Newark, 2A . Branford Place, Newark, N. J. 8/6 reflects the ,Qi Tollowing infomAtion regardin . . - - . Name 113139.- . -. A?riife . Children; One ~~p~aes1men?e? - I A yecub . ~47!?wa APPROVED AND SPECIAL AGENT - A . A FORWARDED- Iii? cumsTHESE SPACES 505% (by 2 ?7'3 - - A0 Bureau A .- .I .F his con?dentla] rennrb and ?ag" I. I, g?m Albany - . 30 contents are waned \011 Toutsid? o'f? agencyl'n" lsil?ch- lo'aned- ?4 1N FILE ,__aov1mmziivn ?Atlali?dknaga I..- ?ii-.4 _mi .-e31 . 1 1 . 11,. 51 13333?Tyl,? I I $213.3! SEgb?zgli?h L561 E?igy?u? NK 65?4331 321 Nestfieid Ave.; - 's I 7" for prior eight years Employment. ,'Aseistant Superintendent Prudential Life Insurance 00., i'7.9f? . "El1z., I. for paet 14 years 1 Newark indices and records of the Linder. N.J. lice Department failed to reerct any record 1dent1f1able wit . ?77? it, The above mantinn?dILalanhQ?e.n1ty and credit fecerds do not reflect any listing for .. 7 b2 2 -: . lential Informant OI Known r911 blI ity, adv1sedb7c howeVer,.tha first name-is ?nd that he is employed in b7D the.Experimen a a cratory of the Genera1_ n.iline 00., Linden, N. J. ?1 - Newark indices and 0f the Linden N. J. PO 165 a Department failed to reflect any record identifiable with 1. REFERRED OFFICE OF 1 - N: . .2 ?wxgil .2113 wma?w. Lg VJ 1? 1:7- . LENFORAANTS 3 hf the New York _Telephone 00., 1+ 9593'Nnm Vork Hno infOrmation on a confidential -basis to SA 0? New York. . IDI?etext te ephone call made by SE. b2 'to telephone No1:376 - b7D 2 Report 5r SN 7 [12/12/31, Albany. - r: wt}. ?r 3?3 . might; for interview with . . Physics Labaratory gt ??gglear 1111312133. 11.10, Albany (100-42990) January 3.1 1953 Direct-or, FBI 65?60393) 1.1.31. 11111111111111 MES 911:? :23 1? 12 1.11171: Dangmzuas 311" I?mihenf; lettar ?ecember 13, .2951, and report of 133A of same data, wherein tiWeaie and of Physics at Cornell . 18w: 8'th -. 51?6"; 1m 1? 9111 1 1 . who 113' . 111.9 mi ca 615% 1.2 8 11133111150711; 0 ice an . of Saran? and Perl: for bitten to time of 1h 3 grate-a. 1g?: 151:? . NOTE PAGE Jg. ca: 1.01 Jing?la: EFE:mpm (I: waiver-81151;, who is indiaated as being presently 1511311911 at 13113 112513112116 of Humcrioal Analysis, University of California at . 1370 Les Ange-ales, California. four nffies and the Lara Angels: affine au?nrieedjo conduct the desired 1n'berviews with 306 and unless; information might appear in we of MC 121% er of your efficea which would make such interviews inaduiaable at the present time. {Phase interviews aheuldbe limited 110 determining 1:113 extent 01? their knawledge as to the manner cf handling classified :19 cements and material which were retained in the safes of aubject 1?16?b1?16 at Darnell Univerai?g, as well as the identity cf the persona known to the?: to have had 61:92:13 to the material in these safes. They should be snecificauy interracated as to their acquaintance with Alfred 351mm; 112151012 and 1111111111 Perl, and as to informtian they might have as to the passibility OJ any 13f the faregatng having had access to the material in 13918111133836.1113. fi?hey Mould c1130 be questioned as tn the passible acceaaibiltty of the-5e persons :11: any ?nfarmtivn relative to the 1112131 (Nuclear 129% ygifor the Propuls ton of Airplanes) 4? ?geagejL JAN 1r! qn?q It was hated that reflef; in ?but was presently at the Int-?ute cf 11umeri?a1 nalyais, ?niaersi?y of Cal ifornia at Lee Angel?. ffawevsr, a rment inquiry at we .. surmise tau has devglaped that as of June, 1951, saw destined to go to 1171:5311 for a period of one "b6 1, was to serve as an exchange professor at the WC 11111912113111; 0f ?rearm. It ?11117101311317 ?water, whether he 4 actually did make tine trip. 54?. ma 11111115195 ice nhotoumnim .. rx ?avenue . A. A - NOTE: rL_?he?k_has_heen1made of aniles relative ta and Charles Parker Baker, cne the b6 b7C results are being set?forth hereinafter. was born in NYC qf.Americon?born parents. He received a 3.8. degree ir 709G are Princeton in 1942. .He was appointed I of'Physics at Cbrnell U. in 1944 and remained ?there until 1950, when it is indicated he went to the Institute qr Numerical Analysis at UCLA. It is noted was one qr the Theoretical Physics Division at Les amos during the period that Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs was assigned there._ He uns,according to Bethe, present at the tim Fuchs visited Bethe in Ithaca, ?Yo Fuchs denied ted in espionage. 'The main case ?ile on fails to reflect any ;j Gemmunist activities or espionage on the part He has been interviewe cc 3 on in connection with the nd Fuchs cases, as well as a number investigations. (loo-344431; 116-36773) Baker was born Leoninster, ease., February 8, 1910. - He received a .A. in Physics,from Denison 3., Granville, Ohio, in 1933 and.M;A. and degrees in physics .frem Obrnell 5. in 1940. Baker is presently an.Assietunt Prqfessor in the Laboratory of Neelear Physics at Cbrnell While the main case j?le on Buher,fails to reflect any ?nee?h indication cf GP or espionage activities, it??AH?nmimh??LL?? that ?n connection with the case entitled et 31; All and Baker admitted having taken 3 small pieces qr uraniumlfrom Los which he set sequently returned. Baker has been previously intar?iosii'1 on seoeral occasions and?found to be cooperative. dale-22591;117-614-174) v? 10905 6011b! LI mom e8 .I-x 1} 1E . 1 7, Eta-2' gar- - i. STANDARD FORM 140.64 . 1? .. _O?i6?7 M777707?d77d77777 . UNITED GOVERNMENT 1 1., DIRECTOR, FBI DATE 1/27/52 f1 ELL SAG, BALTIMORE IE EE EE EE .1 7 SUBJECT: HANS ALBRECHT . ESPIONAGE - 7 MW FROM a. Relet to Albany from Director l2/12/51.- Renep of SAI dated at Albany 12/12/51. b6 1 The Baltimore Office files contaig no identifiable E75 information with respect td The Baltimore Office will make neighborhood inquiry to identify this individual and the washington Field Office is requested to check its indices and to check with the Credit Bureau of washington for identifying information. oc'? Washington Field Albany (100?1200071?; 1111mm 71 ??3117 1 ?53 1, 1' (x it?? -o 7 "3 wt?- 2 3 . Tolson Laud Clogs Nlinola Rosen Barb Alden Ba 1monc your Tole. Room Nessa candy on: (65-15535? I 3 . 333 33333-313sz 32333331312: 3 s: "3 31333333 1:3 2332: 332:2 3:332:33 ?33333393 3-3333 33 33333333.333332:3333 m, (M) I 15, 1952 W: (695033) I mum-n or . b6 ammo?union, 3.2912; - 2:72: 1952. mm.w,um lawns-utmost!? W, an nth-exam mw.m-w? was mt? 2 ?minnow-1m?! mmuwcmmummw 2 a ?any law at all. faculty. 32:53.22 3W W?s cram ?Diacuasiqn concerning this matter on 1/3/52 with land of the Security Division, mac, a? . 2 2 25 ?952 .. 2 J31 3952 N: magma-a, ?Whewmnwunmmw 1mm ?unmimmwmu following emit}: (1) mm. (2) walnut an Mm, (ls Mam mm 1370 ?mun-atm- nMumunsinthomuyat b6 ta the MI cam b7C hummuwmatmu?a 1951, tummy: ?mum; m, mm; he, lira-inn, onus-ems At? Want-h ?,1950, man an lath: hid menu MAmmt. 193a, menu to ?to Mint? Mam mum's in th- W, .1950, wt. :3 .. - b7C hr . Mar 1 ?unsung-mm, ?mum mm,mm MMmemm,1m30, 3.91:? a: mu; 31:11.11, 19k? and m. Whom, .um'cmm?wmhutmm, WW, check We?, armuythemrme in?ation 7 mutant; we: the In project the Mine. Of?ce in ?manuals-m mmumw'; 2 'mc?gw Mbuitum betcha: 1 mum g. I I . 3. I 1-7 11-1019) 575" OF INVESTIGATION BY D0322 HILPIIZZH SIRE I: ALBANY - .50. . REPORT MADE AT DATE WHEN PERIOD FOR WHICH REPORT MADE BY b6 .. MADE 12/ 28 d9/ 931952 7- '10 11 11/52 Jmmceh TITLE CHARACTER OF CASE 1% ems BID HE . ESPIONAGE 54/ SYNOPSIS OF FACTS: sworn-r DIDDRDADION records veils-act subject born Strasbourg, 5/ France Ierman?y) {/2/06 Iiamigreted to I ?1 es German subject February 5,1935? to accept @559 Physics Professorship at Cornell University 25302 Made sobsequent Durance}? vi sits tr Germany #96 Eb (Q 55/) 1935 33 Married also a German I $3070 - 5 ms.- Dram: September ili, 19390 I I P713 of German Physicist, emigre RID il 30., 19313, and attended Smith Collegeo a ?1 inky-co and. wife naturalized 3/1/2151. and 10/3/1611 5 Deepec Lively; Passport records indicate subw 1:99 . ject made one and six Dentin visits to Europe 33? A mil 2 and J1me 1 1912-18 on business and vacation aDd three month trip to Europe June, 1951, on ?34) Die . 3 under sponsorship of ONE 9 55. .. . recommended publication \u 01 H==-bomb article by De suppresseu during 51s ?511,1950 considering the article in light of prominent association with AEC (AEC (A1 QSEltant) woo lo. Defect unfairly on ?tie purooee .1 the con-Tue..- our onsidered incident \1/1 ?13001? Jody-Foo doubt . .- as sincerity and loyaltyo Subject ?53 Dee leader of a group of prominent ceaseless who held a press conference at NYC 01? J?iir?ui 50435-3523 meeting in 1950, urging 1:51 135:}. De olfra' Dion gems"; using; the Hw?oomo first DJ .?il?l en: Imc?w i mi 3% 22/5115 . - Lu C.) APPROVED AND SPECIAL. AGENT r-wH-J FORWARDED: IN CHARGE . 0? WRITE IN THESE . I . @53- Ms DgenQ-V Doe) 51 COPIES OF THIS REPORT @a Bureau (Foch) II ?#555 35 Albany {icon JIM 29 335? 2 Dasha-Detoo Field. .7. COPY IN PROPERTY OF FBI - This Mreport and its contents are loaned to you by the .FBI and are not to be dis rI uted ou ide of agency to which loaned. ann-wwrqu F?W'??j?mqnl?w?m ?11? I . .. 63 EB 141952! c5 I (I: if? ?153 at. *3 =32- . 1&WFO 65m 6061;. other government agencies, and Visa _Div1sion, ?,State Department, contai.n Ino additional per~ tinent information, 1 RUG m? DETAILS: 1 AT NADHINGTON D. C. Central _records of the ImmigratiOn and Naturalization Service reflect that subject appli.ed for a nonmquota visa a Stuttgart, Germany, January 3, 1935, under .the name of HANS ETHEDV An aDplication thereof furnished the fol1ow1ng-informat ono . Birth place a Strasbourg, France, (GermahY),. July 2, 1906 Resin dense Guzenbach Strasse Number 27 Bad-enwDaden, Germany, DeceMw Eber, 193M, to date of application, It indicates that he prew'? iously resided in Home, February to .June, 1932; Munich, Germany, 'June to October, 1932.; Tubingen, Germany, November 1932, to April, 1933; Munich, May to August, 19333 MancheSter, England, September, 1933, to l93h; and BriStol, England, October to Decemw her, 193h He indicates that .his profeSsion is that of a Prom fessor, and that he dIesires to _the United States to accept employment as a Ph.ysics Professor at Cornell University to remain permanently, He lists his parents as ALBRECHT BETHE of Frankfurt, and ANNE BETHE of- Baden?Baden, both Ger-manyo The ?above applicatiOn reflects a certification of subject's. arrival at New York City, February 8,1935, aboard the 5 Albert Bal?gto b7C Immigration and Naturalization Service records reflected a.dditiona11y that the subject filed a Declaration of Intention at Ithaca, New York, November 6,19h0, at which time he listed his residence as l?h_EQ?thwaY Road, Ithaca, New Yorko Therein he identifies his s who was born at Munich ermany, and whom he married at New Boo 'JitneSSe?l listed there an .111 both indicate to be aca, I The above records reflect that the subject received ?Certificate of Naturalization Number 507950h at- - Ithaca, New York, March 1,19hl, and that he then: :resided at Northway Road, LIthaeaI, . . 1 . The Immigrat10n_ and Naturalization Service file pertinent to BETHE reflects that the following re entry permits were'issued to him Drier to Ihis natural ization:- ere 65m606a__.' (l)o Number_louhS69 on January 15,'l935, to permit a tWo and onemhalfwmonth visit to Germany,.England, and agwoly Switzerland to Vlsit relatives and "possibly . some laboratories in Europe" . The permi?t_ bears a certiw iieation of return at New Y?rk City, September 2E, 1935a (2) Permit Number 1167068 isSued _July 16 1936, tor ?Sax permit a two and oneahalfmmonth visit to relatives in Germany and Switzerland? Subjeot?s residence was then I listed as 212 Kelvin Place, 1thaea, New York The pa "mit bears a certification of return to the United States Seaptemu her 29, 1936 through the Port of_ New Yorke? - (3) Permit Number 11 66310 issued July 16,1937, tobE permit a- twoemonth visit with relatives in GerMany and Switzerland The permit reflects his return through the Port of New York, September 26,1937 Number 1; issued July 8, -l938, to permit a visit with parents and friends in England and Germany Such permit reflects the subject"s_ rem entry September 25, 1938 at New York City . . Central records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service reflect that the subject?s ea eeived a queta immigration visa at Stuttgart, Germany, April 2, 1936: under the name ofl In states that she Garment, land 11ste,her residence 7193 to date She lists her parents as P, 0 PAUL indie sated to be a and ELL WALD, indicatlng that she . - elans to enter the Inited tates,6t\ 0 at wh oh Will be (1631311166. "530 for permanent residenceo_ The above record identifies her arrival at New York City, April 30, 1936, aboard the Washington at which time she was in possession of a 'German passport number 120Ll issued at Stuttgart, Germany, De-oem- ber 16 19320 I . Immigration and Natur lizatioh Service records reflect additionally that the subject's filed a Peti-tion for Naturahizatian_at_Ethaca, New YorE, ctober 3, 1961, under the name 0 at oh I . -ed- her address as SWItnesses ther on were 11sted eel and are 65secea - Immigration and Naturalization Service records res fleet additionally that she was naturalized Nevember 18,1941, at Ithaca, New York, receiving Certificate Number 5 213h7O Immigration and Naturalization Serv'ce records further reflect that prior to naturalization Subjectfa made an apelication foriawrew entry permit May 23, 193%, under the name of to permit a tWOumonth visit to England for a V1s1t With her parents, She indicated that during her absence she would reSide atl Therein she listed her own address asl New York, and further indicated that she was a student, In b5 answer to place of employment she listed Northampton, Massachuseg?s, (Smith College) Therein she notes that she had previously filed a Deelaration of Intention January 26,1937, at Greensboro, North -Carolina, . . permit number was issued to the suhm 23, 1939 Theresa her return to the United states Septem p, 1939, is certified, . Records of the Passport Division, Department of State, reflect that Passport Number 180508 was issued to the subject in the name of HANS ALBRECHT BETHE March 30, l9h8 In application thereof subject indicated that he desired to leave the United States about April 2 and again on June 1, l9h8, for two trips of one month and six months duration, He indicated that on the first' tri_p he intended to visit in Belgium, and on the second trip to visit England, Switzerland, France, and possibly Germany on busi? ness and for the purpose of visiting relatives, I . - The above file reilects additionally that PasSport Name her b.276l3 was issued to the subject May 3, 1951, to permit him to make a threeu month visit to England, France, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, and Italy for business and pleasure He indicated his plan to depart from New?York City" une 15, I951, via Pan_ American Airlines. 1 7' In connection with the above passport it is noted that records contain a letter of May 7, 1951, from the Office of Chief 0f Naval Operat.ions advising that a letter of authorizatiOn had been issued to BETHE to permit him to enter all areas under Nava.l 'control The letter further neted that BETHE at all times during his absence would operate under direct Naval-control, and requested that his passport also provide for permission to.proceed to Denmark, Germany, and England. Subject letter-noted that he was l) are 555.6061 a civilian technician supplied to the NaVy under contract with Cornell University of direct interest to the Office of Naval Eesearcho of the Atomic Energy Commission, advised that he had been acquainted with BETHE for several years and knew him as a prominent physicist who had been actively associated with the Atomic Energy Program in the past and is currently a consultant to AEC. I recalled that during March, l950, BETHE had mailed Ian advance copy of an article concerning the hydrogen bomb, ic arti.cle BETHE indicated was to be published in a ?forthcoming issue of ?The Scientific American" advised that he had been on vacation around this time and a the article did not come to his attention until shortly prior to the April 'publication date of the above periodical upon reading the advance copy of the article, he noted that it contained - material and opinions which had been previously published and cam pressed concerning United States interest in the hydrogen bombb6 He stated that it appeared to him that the article contained nc7C information which could not have been written by other scientists not necessarily associated with the- AEC Program He stated, however, that as he considered the article, he felt that in view of prominence with the AEC Program that the article might t11us reflect unfaiziy on the purpoSe of the Commissiono [:gj?glstated that, therefore, he recommended that the publication 0 .e article in its advance form be immediately suppressed that thereafter he gave further attention to the ar 1c e, making certain recommendations as to deletions and 'revisions which he felt would avoid any unfair reflection and in turn submitted such recommendations to BETHE a ated that in light 0 'fs association with the 1 at that time that he, .felt that BETHE used poor judgment in preposin: :ublication is article as it stood in the advance copy, tated however, that he felt that BETHE was prompted comp by a sincerity of opinion, and that the instano-rconcerning this article as well as other association with BETHE had never caused him to have any doubt as to BETHE's loyalty He cited as an example that he had recen?tly rec_ommended BETHE for an additional assignment of interest to the Los Alamos facility of AEC are esmsoeu It is noted that an article which appeared .in the_ I "New York Times of February 5, 1950, byelined by WILLIAM LAUREFLE, reported that on the previou_s day HANS BETHE, 7toa;ether with. twelve other physicists, had held a news con1erence ?1n which they urged the United States to make a deblaration to .never use the hydrogen bomb in warfare unless need first against the United States The article noted that the group was among attendants oi the annua.1. New York meetingI of the American PhyincaI Society at Columbia University 1 - . The article further quotes BETHE as stating "Until we have international control we cannot afford not to have the bomb ?It will be very difficult for the United States to disregard its own resolution to develop the bomb On the othen? handy it wi1.I be very difficult for Russia to use the Hubomb k?D inI the race of our {the IUnited Stat.es) declaration BE is further quoted therein as stat I ?Ipart of the peril l.ies in the uncontrolled use of the hydrOgen bombP bInt the peril is much greater in the absence of a resolution not to use it exceot when forced to do so . Ihere can be Cnly 1ae justification for our develobment of the hydrogen bomb, and that is to prevent its use In addition to BETHE, the aboveIarticle identified the following physicists as in at, ndance in connectio?JNith the nres? conference: GEORGE EGRAM, Col ia UniversitygIggmuEL Universi of Ch1cago; BRUNO OSSI, Massachusetts IInSt?t?te 5f Technology; KENNETH Harvard; CHARLES AQEIETEN, Ii ellogg Rad? lad, Cali is Institute of Technology; I WHEELER OOMIS- Univers /1ty of Illinois; - ROBERT of California; MILTON JHITE, by? ?Princeto jniversity; FHEDERICEKEEITZ University of Illinois; and M. A IVE, Carnegie Institute of Washington, A check of the records of and other government agencies, and the Visa Division, State Departmen located; no . additional pertinent information in connection with this matter. W0 DE W064 EN . Two 9.18.} uh?ograuh of 4 gift ?um; wM?t-Jm Two capies of 2 - ENGLOSURE TO ALBANY: - REFERRED UPGN COMPLETION TO THE-OFFICE OF ORIGIN i . I - 1 - gymMFG 65-w606u in: at: am b2 b6 b7C E371) .lh' REFERENCE: Report 0f at Albany, December 123 1951c 'v 4,75ALL IEFEIEJ . ATBUREAU ALL .. .. .. .. .. ES . ICES-33 7? EELL HANS A. seem" - Born: 7/2/06, German?gm Height: S'feet; 11 in. Weight: 190 pounds. Eyes: Blue. Hair: Black. Build: Heavy Occupation: Physicist Citizen: NaturaliZed U.S Photo: Passport - 1951. 4 Jay 9? M5: . EEIFEED 23 222 22 *ngL222n3a3222 ., 29?2225 3o: g'VIinaelAtmhe _x vmaem,m1 spam ?mm 1*??th hmhm?uew . Witnetieel the mitiee at? m, 3 tell? ?Mia; f. teeth-tics mm. #153: mm It has! Mummwum rtm? - 7 ?What - numm?mm,mm_ - . Tolaon we :?fL?m . 2 he ?was the wt; d! m. tag? was it emu M, was. ?t 7 . I4 hiable ?Marthe data was him was loeatea therein. 112w ?g Qt. am rum mam. I mm? mmuuwmum?m-nmma Mummy-II mtmmi . imam ??1?me a . in mtm?m after- 1 . . . {h ?lO?w Memorandum UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT To . DIRECTOR, FBI (65?soa93) DATEeebruary 55?1952 FROM $0,103 ANGELES (65-5423). ELL EDI-Trainee . HEREIN IS SUBJECI: HANS ALBRECH ETHE nn?E ET ESPIONAGE - Re Albany letter'to Bureau dated January 8, 1952. Investi ation at Univ rsi of California, ?Los Angeles; fails to reflect] lever employed at this university; however, he did maintain an office at the Institute ?f :33 of Numerical Analysis, University of California at Los Angeles approximately two years ago. Records of the Dean of Faculty, California Institute of Technolo Pasadena California, reflectl I I lie i this institution on leave and presently 1 Pt Sentro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, address Gain-ca, Foetal 46, Rio de Janerio, where he will remain until the Fall term, 1952. The records of the California Institute of Technology reflec ?is expected to return at the University in the a a. RUG UACB. AMSD WHS: "?Jm cc: Albany (loo-12000) (AMSD) RECORDED ?y by? month) Me If $3130 136:: b7 . '3 STANDARD FORM no. 64 FBI . (65460393) 2111? Feb. 8,1952 ?i A I3 THIGH LABSIFIED ?5 A 111 12110111111111 13111111111112: g?aem - :1 . . - - 111111 s1 is 3 Rt Rebulet to Albany 1/15/5237' . Inquiry has been made at ANP Progect formerly NEPA 1 Project, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and it has been determined that there is a document- register at that installatibn reflecting documents which- have been available to subject. It has also been secertained that there weaken inventory made -at one time by an official of the former~NEPA Project regarding the docu- ments in possession of the subject. This NEPA official is not? presently available fer interview but will retarn to Oak Ridge within the next Week, at which. time he will be contacted vrelative to this inventory. Meantime, arrangements have been made to obtain a photostatic copy of the document register, and a report reflecting the resalt.s of eXaminations of these rec ords will 'be submitted in the near future. A-TAS: id 7 cc: Albany (100 12000) 00: New (65?15836) - 3357 we we? 1? 0530105.!) 13* fen-5' WW g2 - a; . Oj?ce M627202 ?Wu/22772 do 1)me FBI 8 February 11%, 1952 66 . SAC, (6560610 ALE. II-IFBFILETIQII SUBJEGT- . 15; HANS AWE-P m; . mm 09-22- 30232: ESPIONAGEBaltimore let dated January 21,1952?: 32%? Relet requested Washington Field Office to check indie3? a::_1d the Greait Bureau for identifying information pertaining to 4:22:23 b6 2 Indioee of the WFO contain no information identi?able with by: ,7 3mm. xi, 2? 2., 5421ffSepte??ber 18,1950, identify . hi I.eae oreeidente at the abov Such informw ho ?1 formerly resided. at Such records eta employed by the United States Public Health Servioe, Cancer Divie 011,9 nee September 1,1950. He is mrther identi?ed as a graduate of the University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, June, 1950. He stated. that he wee in the military service from 191422 to 19126; .mc - 2 ?22 co: Baltimore (65-19%) Albany (100-12000) RECORDED ~160' MDEXED 2- 160 57112. 2? .2 2 2 'v 7 I I: . 125111 1111 1 i FEDERAL OF INVESTIGATION FORM No.1 THIS may; A'l' ALBP FILE NO. REORT AT DATEAIIDVEIEN PERIOD FOR WHICH MADE REPORT MADE BY KNOXVILLE, 1111. 2/1 /52 1/29; 2/1, A 5/5211 I 131113 CASE - 1,-ij I so .. 1 NS ALEKECET EETEE ESPIOMAGA 11.1 - b6 if i - b70? or: FACTS: I . 2 1. Aommy An IniiVifuel Document Record of Fe .ircnild ._An1j1ne Ai rcrAft 00., Division, Gan n1?u e, ienn., for clAss111ec documents BY in posSession of subject obtained. USAF ,Security Survey Reports, documents, regis- ters, or inventories: are presentlv in . custo?y of Erovost Biershal?.s representa-- tive, Dayton, Ohio. W?fh Security burvey . . 3 Reports presently in custOdy-of Beirchild \{et (?00 Engine and Aircraft Corp., Hag?erstown, . Md., Pliotostatic copies oi above Ir ndivi- \0 0 dual DoCument Record. obtaine611WTAILS: 111* 01111: RIDGE, 11:21? "The fo'Inmirm' 'iI?Iveqt-icmtin ?."Special Agent are the write r:j:2?45 El 3 2 P, Bu ireau of Areoneu- tics, Lies vised that the FEPA Project at Oak Hidge had been_ terminated as of June 30, 1951, and\the_U. 5. Air Force contractor, Feirchild Engine and Aircraft Corp-., upon termination of the contract, had trans? town, 1arqund. on Office, 8?50 Area; Project, ede APPROVED AND a 0 2 FORWARDED: . i - CHARGE Bureeu_ (encl. 7 I Albany (encl, - 2 - Baltimore . 2 - Cincinnati 1J183. New Kerk (info. )(e5915636)_ 9&5} . 1; DO NOT IN THESE WAGES .. $047111 a: Li PROPERTY OF TIM report and its contents are Ioaned to you by the FBI land are not to be 63 13 1951211 I l9 distri uted outside of agency to which loaned. . WI 11111? i? 5-51? I I made ave ilsble two photo? static co 1es of Dr. HANS Ann?tonT WEEL Individ- ual Document Record, which was one of the document' recorAs used by the ?child En;?1ne and Aircrei? 00., NEPA Project, to seconnt for documents issueA to their consultants. noteA that according to tne above Aocume nt record tae subject' he A returneA 211 Aocuments that ns.d been submitted to him. It is noted that this record indicates t11e 1 the first document was assigned to tne sub.ect on September 23, lgu?, end the 12 st 01' his Aocu:.nents was returnne to the NEEA Project on October 1, 1951. ha 1rther sAviSeA tn? tne above I b7o KX 'wss document record is the only recorA or inventory re; tsined at the present Project, formerly NEPA Project, wh1ch would indicate what documents Dr; in his possession at any given times - 1; I further advised that the U. 8. Air Force representative who had been respon~ Sib r3 Armor?. n+1?nmo nf? crud?- nn-m-I-wnn't'n'nc FT: I Isn?tt??g it was his and standing thet I: pon caving OAK Ridg e_ hid plac Shis record in the Provost Marshal?s offic at the Dayton. Ohi Air Bese.l Irecelled had conducted a survey or inventorv of the subject? office at Utics, New York, du1r1ng the continuition of the NEPA contract. The following investigs tion W23 colutct by the writer: . Geners 1 ?le ctric 00., A.N.P. Project, F- for Fairchild engine and A1r~ craft Corp., NEPA Project, Advised thet he has no chergeeout records, docume re 1s ere, or inv270! 4/0. Fc-Iee (3-u9 I RAHE INDIVIDUAL DOCUMENT RECORD I COMPANY 1 LAST FIRST INITIAL COPIES DOCUMENT DATE OF COPY IN DATE DATE RETP I NUMBER TITLE un, SERIES SERIES ASSIGNED 0R TRANS, NE PA prof eJ Aye/Mm, 7,731 . 70/ :77 7mg zJ-3/_ ,9 7/50 7 /5 2 2.50 m: 37?1?? 3-2/5 10/! 5? w/ ?24 - x7? ?515? Au 6?23 5 as 94:7457 777?s FCMIQG 3 My 3' 11.3?] am?? ?i/ci/rj?ah I0) J?lr?mzew??w I 641 5:45? 7? Ion?7,4 4pm,j/Z?ZZaa - INDIVIDUAL DOCUMENT RECORD COMPANY 7 W12- ST FIRST INITIAL - I .ili?14lia9 COPIES DOCUMENT DATE OF COPY IN DATE DATE RET. NUMBER TITLE N0 SERIES SERIES ASSIGNED OREIRANSL All} 512} 26% 11.7)} 4-5-0 95- 396 A [Am Ame??! 714%: - 244 v~ mum? ?it/7117;Ef/?/A?w?m [Lima 2&7, it 9?:4 Mu 5110.?Mam/?9W ??67 ?4 Af?z? FC-I96L3 (3?49) ?f 3 if V'Wa?v ->m7 ?qv?rW? Ma .9 ALE. WFEIEIZEIIE 3:3 ELIATE BY i nEs:LasaIFIEn Bi En This case originated at ALBANY REPORT MADE AT 5- DATE Wm MADE 3-13-52 REPORT MADE BY 5+ i N. . CHARACTER or CASE WC ESPIONAGE Air Proves b6 Marshal's Office, Wright?Patterson ,Dayton, Ohio b7C advised] [was Air Provost Marshal Re entative for NEPA Project, Oak Ridge, Tenn. returned to wright-Patterson AFB Feb a 1, but did not bring any NEPA records with hm?? presently as 1 ed Savannah River Operations ice, Augusta, Ga advised his office had inspection report of facility of BETHE in which it was stated that an itemized list of restricted data documents charged out to BETHE had been balanced ag sisal inventory and all documents were in order. dvised if document record or ry of cocuments 'were maintained would have been turned over to Southern Air Procurement District Office, Ft. Worth, Texas at time of termination of NEPA Project, as that office had jurisdiction over NEPA Project. AGENL i?fciudz e3" RUG :33 3/0? Acgo?lREQ. 3: .3 i Foaw. A 3? I I, a. NOT WRITE IN THESE SSAQES {?353 ?Jng? of 49 APPROVED AND SPECIAL.AGENT FORWARDED. WW, Women. COPY IN FILE COPIES OF THIS REPORT Bureau (W (RM MAR 211952 Albany (100-12000) (Enc1.) fie c7. Requested) 2 - Dallas (RM) . Savannah (RM) New York (Info.) (65?15836) (RM) "mason?um a BMW Wsp. re not to be distributed outside of agency 95?? Cincinnati (65-1839) ?i514 Ear 3 ededi?d?midntomi DETAILS: Air Provost Mars '1 .ht?Pa'bterson Air Far-op anp Dav-hm Ohio- advised that had been the lee the capac1ty "ecurity Officer for the NEPA Project at ?b7C Oak Ridge, Tennessee. eturned to Wright?Patterson Air Force it? Base, Dayton, Ohio in February, 1951, several months prior to the time the NEPA Projec ina ted, but did not bring any of the NEPA re~ cords with him.T:fif:Efj:as transferred from wright?Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio on November 9, 1951, to the Savannah River Operations Office, Augusta, Georgia. - dvised that it was doubtful in his mind thai Iwould have maintained an individual Document Record in connec ion w1 the documents used in his work with the Fairchild Engine and.Aircraft Company, NERA Project, to account for documents iss .. If such a document EEC record or inventory was maintained by lit would have been turned over to the Southern Air Procurement is r10 Office at Fort'Worth, Texas, as the NEPA Project was under the jurisdiction of that office. The only information on file at the'Air Provost Marshal?s Office, wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, in this connection, is a erort of a security inspection survey of the facility of located at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, January 17, 1950, which was given the rating of "Satisfactory Good". Section "Storage of Classified Material", of this report states in part as follows; "The Prime Con- tractor furnished the Air Provost Marshal Representative an itemized list of Restricted Data documents charged out to the Consultant. This list was balanced against the physical inventory and.all documents were found to be in order". the interviewing .Agent with a copy of the above mentioned security inspection survey report which is being furnished the Albany Office as an enclosure with this report. REFERRED UPON COMPLETION TO THE OFFICE OF ORIGIN - Gin. #65n1839 ADMINISTRATIVE PAGE For the information of the Dallas and Savannah Offices, the Bureau has received information through DAVID GREENGLASS, confessed Soviet agent, and through-an informant of un- known reliability to the effect that in 19u9 or late in 19h8 ROSENBERG had secured the mathematics of the NEPA Project. As a result considerable investigation is being conducted to determine the possible source and the exact nature of the infermation. The Bureau has requested that a check be made of the possibility that sue ecured through BETHE by either ALFRED SARANT or oth of whom were acquainted with BETHE at, Cornell University, and are suspected of being members of the ROSENBERG espionage network. Investigation should be given prompt attention, and all reports should be submitted in a form suitable for dissemination. umm- 5; . . ()3ng 136 THE DALLAS DIVISION b7c AT FORT WORTH, TEXAS Will make an appropriate check at the Southern Air Procurement District Office, Fort Texas, to determine BETHE's maintainence of any charge-out records, document revister or his snbmittance of inventories. It should be noted thatl Ls the I ?n the capacity of the Security Officer for the NEPA Project at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, exercised certain inspection responsibilities over the NEPA Project and that it has been at if any records in this respect were maintained he same'would have been turned over to the Southern Air Procurement District Office, as the NEPA Project was under the jurisdiction of that office. Photostatic copies of any available inventories of classified NEPA documents in possession of BEEHE should be made and furnished to the Bureau. . Gin. #65?1839 ADMINISTRATIVE RAGE SAVANNAH DIVISION AT AUGUSTA, GEORGIA Will interviewl lat the Savannah River Operations Office, Augusta, Georgia, to determine BETHE's maintainence of any charge?out records, document his submittance 5f inventories. 'Will detennine from if such records were ever b6 in his possession and what disposition of such recordS'were made b7C by him at the time of the termination of his assignment with the NERA Project. Will thereafter set out a lead similar to the above lead set out for Dallas if such records were turned over to an agency other than the Southern Procurement District Office. REFERENCE: Report of 81 dated at Knoxville, on 2?18-52. . F83 ELL IE 7.125%: BETE Ugm?i ?1.16 Bf DEELASSIFIED BY BEE Rio de Janeiro, Brazil April 3, 1952 CT - AIR Re: HANS ESPEOUAGE - (Bufile - ?60593Declassify a . 1355" ReBulet March [r lien: 3? ?Wq wa t9 viewed on April 2, 1952. He 13 reSiding temporarily at the Hotel Miramar, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. At the end of May, 1952 his contract with b6 the Centre Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas expires and he return to the United States. He plans to get married, honey- moon in Mexico, and then return to the States in time to tart the school year, 195 at California Technological Institute, Pasadena, California m??j . During the interview, Dr. FEYNMAN advised that he is a friend of long standing of the subject. He has great respect for his ability, personality, chanigEer and patriotism. He still corresponds with the subject awn: Iknew ALFREEQSAR AZW. and Cornell. Ihad been a student of Anew SARANT at his home as well, having vis1ted him on severai occasions- nartic larly when a girl folk- singer was also to be a guest. said he has already given the name of this singer to other Bureau agents in pr vious interviews. At this time he could not recall her name. "In? that BETHE did his secret work (by which he meant special projects which he did on a consulting basis for the ernment) in a way that was common to men such as BETHE anEEf::;::;:knd other scientists who had for some time worked on suc ings as the atom bomb. That is, he would 10ch??i>?jj REGURDEDJISZ 557' Ma gage laws rid Am 4? himself into his room, take his secret work out of the safe, work on it, replace it, and then only, reopen his office to Had any unauthorized person asked him about his work I fee rtain that BETHE would have advised the proper authorities tTaf BETHE knew the combination to his safe and erhaps his He does not recall the name of th who was ere eh SARANT was there but ?recalls her as a person who was not very intelligent. He does not think, however, that she would have knowingly given infor~ mation to anyone, and is not sure that she did have access to the subject's safes, but felt that she probably did. He assumes that she took some dictation that was secret "(Hi If SARANT or were to have had access to the safe or safes of BETHE it would have to have been "criminally," ?t without the subject's knowledge, was the opinion of They did not have access to the safes otherwise and BETHE would not have given them access. Socially BETHE did not have much to do with SAL 1T I As put it, "they were younger than - . made it clear that he did not suspect any persons a being able to have access to secret materials (and? these would have been in the possession of BETHE because he was the only one at that Cornell Laboratory still doing consulting work) and it was quite clear that he had great respect and admiration for BETHE and would not suspect him of giving infor~ mation of that sort. He voluntarily admitted that his lack of suspicion meant as he pointed ou?, he associatm?ggxm s; with EMIL JULIUS and socially,? ,fpr a long time at.lo ?ilamos, and never noticed anything, and can recall nothing suspicious in retrospect. was very cooperativ i a interview, and indicated he could be called upon fo [of any sort in the future. A ted above, he will be at Cal Tech about September of 1952 "?iUh No further action is being taken at this office. (SEE ADDENDUM) MC:jar ADDENDUM: On April LL, 1952, contac office to give the name of 136 ?which he had recalled. Her name is WC 19 MC s?nomo foam m. 64 O?ice M6 um . UNITED 3'1 To DIRECTOR, FBI (65~6o392) A?nxmefl/lo/sa' 69FROM SAC BALTIMORE (65-1971.? .ALL 0'{Ema henaameooe Br endearet_s'LBrewster: 3, ESPIONAGE - Re wee letter dated 2/1u/52. ?y?L?kmlt is noted that this latte tifying. data on1 ?nd his who resxde at was a telephOne contact of the?c cnhien+ 9e "eflected on page A7 of the report of SA 12/12/51 at Albany. be, ?b7C It has previously been reported that.the office indices at Baltimore and ailed to reflect any previous data concerning . In View of the information developed and reported by the Washington Field Office in etter of reference, no further investigation be conducted by the Baltimore Office unless same is requested by the office of origin. The Baltimore Office will maintain this file in the pending status to cover the lead at Hagerstown, Maryland set out in report of SA dated 2/18/52 at Knoxville. FXthe cc: Albany (100-12000) 939??; . CURITY INFOR ?VESD a. . .1 ca 1. 3:12:33 IORIGINATED AT AL BANY FILE no. REPORT MADE AT DATE PERIOD FOR WHICH MADE REPORT MADE BY BALTIMORE 3/27/52 3/17,18/52 ,dn,vcm TITLE CHARACTER OF CASE HANS ALBRE CRT BETFE ESPIONAGE - SYNOPSIS OF FACTS: Officials of Fairchild Aircraft Division, Hagerstown, Maryland, advised that inventory of classifie \documents which were in possession 4' of subject, NEPA Consultant, are A presently maintained c/oL \3 [General niectric uorporation, A P., Oakridge, Tennessee. b5 b7C gs REQ REC DETAILS: AT HAGEHSTOWN, MARYLAND zc 3 BY ?x . and ireSpectiveiy, of raircniid A1rcra1t U1v131on, ?agerstown, Maryland, in a joint interview advised that the inventory classified documents which were in the possession of Dr. HANS Consultant, are presently maintained in the office of I an NEPA security representative, General Flectric Corh?ratio? A N. P. Project, Oakridge, Tennessee. for Fainchild En ins and Aircraft Corporation, N.E.P.A. Project, stated tha? hbove, was formerly connected with the Fairchild Company, NEPA Project, as security representa- tlve . )9 4.1? same? a. as $3494&, gages/g . mixing-J 3 COPIES OF TH EPORT {if} Burs an e?-Zae-aea g; 3? 1? Albany (100?12000) Knoxville (65? 519) New York(Info. Baltimore (65- PROPERTY k? .. sovznumcm pnm?rmc arm: 16?60637?1 ENE l? 1 . BA 657197u' A review of DP. personal file failed to reflect any inventory or classified documents which had been 'in his possession during the time he was retained as an NEPA Consultant. I EEFEERED UPON COMPLETION TO OFFICE OF ORIGIN MW MW ?1 BA 65-197u ADMINISTRATIVE PAGE LEADS- The_Knoxville Division AT OAKRIDGs, TENNESSEE- . ill recontactl I - (Inner-5:1 W1 pn'tric I for Fairchild Lngine and Aircraft Corp., NEPA Project to ascertain information as to maintenance of any inventory classified documents that are in the possession of the NLPA Office at oakridge, Tenn. b6 b7C Photostatic copies oi any available inventories or classified documents in the possession of BLTHE should be made and furnished to the Bureau. Report of SA ated 2/18/52 at? Knoxville, Tenn, -Baltimore letter to Director dated 3/10/52.? A5- STANDARD AFORM no. 66 O?ice - UNITED DIRECTOR, FBI TC 6281084 8 SAC, BALTIMORE (65-19718) ?8 HANS ESPIONAGE - 8 TATES GOVERNMENT ?88822 Wm 3/27/52 - ALL EHFWIELTIUE PEREEIIJ IS DME 09?39?3088 Eff ted 3/27/52, at Baltimore, Berep SA Ida enclosed he 1th which sets 1 to reinterview General- Electric Corporation, A. N. P. Project A prev the report of SA th Moxv pr" .0 1-3 set out in ,a/18/52. It is noted, however, that mentioned in rerep, at ted that on 2 telephonic contact with l18/R2 had been in. Ion that date. a the inventory The latter had advised in, of documents which had of subject is presently located in office. EEC WGO:mhp Encl. cc Albany SA Knoxville (6 5- 519) (Enc1.Rep SA 3 27 2 8278528 New York SA 3/27/52) ,3 8,88 9/511}: r) 8888888858 8WW18W ?g?igym x8 8; o>>v ALL IHFBREEATIEN l2?? UNCLASSIFIED BATE E'f 1035342 - 34 Oj?ce M677: I. 5 GOVERNMENT . To Director, FBI DATE: April 21', FROM SAC, Knoxville (65-, summer: HANS ALBRECTOBETHE ESPIONAGE RE: Baltimore 3-27-52. Report SA 3-27-52, Baltimore. Report SA 2?18-52. I General Electric 1 Corpora, 360 upon e- iterated that other than the NEPA Individual Document Record previously furnished by his office file contains only correspondence from . 's 0 ice requesting the return of certain documents. - . 1 .reflected upon the above NEPA Individual Document Record. a further stated that th =ecord is the only record or inventory retained at the press which would indicate any given t1me. 3070 Since no additional information was obtained other than that set out in referenced Knoxville report, no additional report will be submitted UCAB. RUG. 'mml -9 'w New York (65?15836) (Info. 4g 7: cc - Albany (100- 12000) 1: APR 221952 ?if