07" My Director, FBI (Bufile- 100448131) .) 3/25/63 SAC, immune (P) CABBAGE . MM MM . Report of Se 3711.me 2.131491233336223 dated 9/29/67 at Metaghm and Re: Report of 34 22:11:22 E. LAWCE dated 3/25/62 at Memphis It is recommended that a Security Index Card be The Security Index Card on the captioned individual should. i prepared on the above-captioned individual. be changed as follows (specify change only}: i Name LA Aliases A Native Born Cl Naturalized . Alien Communist Socialist Workers Party Miscellaneous (specify) we (Student ici??t 090376; i?a? . 122*? . smite! n} I: Date of birth Place of birth . . Race Sex ab for . 7 Male Detcom 1/8/44 - - Memphis, "28115388586 Negre ?gFemale Business Address (show name of employing concern and address) Unemyloyed Key Facility Data Geographical Reference Number Responsibility i Intere sted Agencie Regiden?? ??251.19 Street Memphis, Tennessee; 234 Eagle Street: Memphis, Tennessee; 1644 Hanauer, Apt. 2 Meaghis, (stays at all 3 plaeea) REGIS A (MM) (SEE em memgihie . - A i" .w :zg'mh. . . I WW NH 3491 Page 3 NH 3491 100h4528 3-481 8 FOR ms; SECURITY mm? Continuously from 338~R(Ghetto) has ainsed that CYBBAGE has been the leader of'a group in Memphis- Tennessee, and has by his admission made trips to consult with SNCC and black power lea?era in Atlanta. Source further advised t-hat on 3/5/68 CABBAGE distributed at a mass rally at Clayborn Te-mp1e, Wemph1s, a throwaway Y-hich quoted a letter from SWCC Natiana1 Chairman -H. RAP BROWN calling for the- destruction cf the U?nited States and also containlng a diagram showing how to prepare Mo1otov cockY.Y-1ls (fire bombs) On 2/16-/63 CABBAGE admitYed to 5J8 ILLIAM H. LYWREWCE and HOWELL S. LOWE that he is th? head of Black 0rgan1zing Power (BOP), a S?ccmrelated b1.Yck power movemant in Memphis, Tennessee. On 9/13/67 $1121: ised that an ?9/12/67 cosy VERWGN SMITH, close assoc of CABBAGE, saiijOP is actu311y_ SNCC and that SNCC gave him authority ta use the name BOP as Memphians were generally skeptical and snapicious of SNCC. . .On-11/22/67 ME 338wR (Ghattp).advisad that at a BOP maeting held at LeMoyne College, Memphis; on 11/22/67 CABBAGE and h?is associates mutimidated White profeaors and talked ef getting guns. 0n 11/29/6? .advised Yhat at a 11/16/67 30? meeting at Owen Co.lege,.memphis, viqlence would 1n Wamphis; accused capitalism of -being Synonymous With white pager and,according1y, has to be destroyed;- told the audience how to make MolotOY cocktails and said "The black man must overthrow capitalism by any means necessary"; and said the black man.should not fight in Vietnam as it is a war of White man versus black man. i . On _-12/28/67 PROB?Ghetto) . advised CABBAGE is?leader of SWCC-oriented-group in-Memphis rand makes trips t0 Atlanta to bring back SNCC literature. On 1/5/68 CABBAGE advised SAY QRVILLE V. JOHNSON land WILLIAM H, LAWRENCE that he was net formally'affiliated with $1106 but followed sac-c, STOKELY @3111me and H. RAP the current National Chairman of SNCC. He advised that he-was "organizing young militant b1a?ks.in the community" and said.he had already organized at three callegeS'in Memphis. He admitted he had made statements to the effect that he would like to-see Memphis burn and Would like to:see a good riot, 'buY-he claimad these were merely figures calculated 1 tozshock tbs-community. DucId:5916T951 Page 4 NH 3491 100-4523 On 2/15/68 CLIFFORD LOUIS TAYLOR, an associate of CAMGE and a sel'fvuadmitted- member of the Governing Body of BOP, advised 8A3 WILLIAM ., LAWRENCE and HOWELL S. LOWE that BOP is affiliated with mice and that CABBAGE had attended a January ,7 1963,. SHCC con?ence in Atlanta, Georgia?. DucId:5916T951 Page 5 (Rev. 3-8?67) FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION - REPORTING OFFICE MEMPHI OFFICE 055 ORIGIN MEMPHIS TITLE OF CASE CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE DATE I 7 3/25/68 9/25/674/18/63 REPORT MADE av I Input: av SA WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE Gun CHARACTER OF CASE SM RM REFERENCE Report of SA WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE at Memphis, 9/29/67. (newsman) To ATLANTA DIVISION: One photograph of ACCOMPLISHMENTS CLAIMED NONE I IAcdun- .. couvac AUTO. FINES SAVINGS RECOVERIES cAsE HAS seam. TALS PENDING oven on: YEAR PENDING PROSECUTION oven an: MONTHS Eves Duo - I ECIAL AGENT APPROVED CHARGE p5.n :3 '21 f? 692, Thu! Army Ft .McPherson, 1, EL. 111th M, 333:! A?my, Nashville, SEARCHED A 1 111th. MI, 3rd Amy, MemphisSecret Service, Memphis, enn. SERIALIZLDM Atlanta (Info) (Enc.1) . Memphis (1oou4szs) INDEED NM gm) DO NOT WRITE IN SPACES BELOW Dissemination Record of Attached Rape" AgenCy Nuiqilong .- Request Recd. Date Fwd. How Fwd. By . . Whiz-Wham NH 3491 ME 100u4528 ENFORMANTS: Identity of Source is ME_338aR(GhettoMARJORIE MOORE Security Division, Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company, Memphig, Tenn. is EUNICE HOLLOWAY, Chief Clerk, Selective Service Board #83, Memphis, Tenn. F11e_Where'Located ME 170:100=4528a68 I - . ?.79 "Raw DB) in 77 COVER ?Felmm (7) (D) Dunld:5916?951 Page a? NH 3491 ME 10?m4528 identity of is ima?_is 'KGhQ?to) Ta? is is NAACP, Memphis is - 5! Owen College,? Mamphis, and Liaison Sou?ce 9 - 99 Teacher, ?arver High Sc?ool volunteered, requested identity be protectgd Tall is i _TPCommercia1 Appeal" newspaper, Memphis, (protected at his request) Igafile Where Located E??m 100=4394 9 :mx ME 100a4528n75 Mg . 9? ME 100a4528w86 ME 100m4528=88? COVER Dunld:5916?951 Page 3 ?ml-Fur" ME 1?0a4528 INFORMANTS 'Identity of Source is Memphis, Tenn. (preteeted at request) Memphis, LiaiSOn Source Mm t?eon) 99 99 Prespeetive 3(PMOBaGnetto)r? is High 6 001, memphis, I (volunteered)(proteeted at hie request) [T91e as - Iji? Ga W. Carver High SchOol, Memphis (volunteered) (protected at his request) a,n Memphis State University J, ME . .. File Where Located x/jMM 100-4523 f" ME 5 ME 157=1003_ ME 100=4528 ME 100n4528 .CQVER PAGE NH 3491 Page 9 rung/x? (D) . f" ME 100m4528 Xeidentity of Source ?g?y File where Located -Jil I xi?? 3 t; is [473 .. wiih Liaison SourCe\ A - LEADS: ATLANTA DIVISION (INFORMATION) 1 Information copy has been furnished Atlanta in,view of the fact that subject allegedly makes frequent tr1ps to Atlanta and allegedly is the boy friend of ANN GOLAR of Atlanta. MEMPHIS DIVISION AT MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE W111 continue to follow andinport pertinent activities of CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE. ADMINISTRATIVE: Instant report is classified as it contains information from informants and sources of continuing value. The unauthorized disclosure oi?uus information could possibly lead to the disclosure of their identities thus jeopardizing the security of the United States. Copies of instant report are being furnished to . sz, Third Army, Ft. McPherson, Georgia, and 111th Military intelligence Group, Region 1, Third Army, Rashville, Tennessee, in view of possible induction into the Armed Forces of the United States. COVER PAGE NH 3491 Page NH 3491 I t" ME 100m4528_ i CABBAGE is being recommended for inclusion on the Security Index (SI) in View of his recent statements_ advocating racialLtrouble'and his close association with OOBY who has affiliations with the Socialist Workers Party (SWP). . An FDelzz is being submitted re CABBAGE and it is felt that he falls Within the provisions of the Agreement between the U. Secret Service and the FBI under Category 3. A Flash thice will be placed mnthe _files of the Identification Division if CABBAGE's name is approved fer inclusion in the Security Index. A copy of this report is being designated for' U. S. Secret Service, Memphis. A photo?reph of CABBAGE has been furnished the S. Secret Service, Memphis, and Washington, D. 0., as enclosures to submitted with referenced report. - It will?be noted that CABBAGE is currently on the u; Agitator Index, formerly known as the Rabble Rouser Index, oi the Memphis OfficeCOVER PAGE Page 11 Jim-291$? 313-59UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT JUSTICE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION Gu2, Third Army, Ft. McPherson, Georgia (REGISTERED MAIL) 1 1 1 111th Military IntelligenCe, Third Army, Nashville, Tenn. Co fw 111th Military Intelligence, Third Army, Memphis, Tenn. ?7 1's Secret Service, Memphis, Tennessee (RM) SA WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE MEMPHIS gepp? of. March 25? 1968? . . 0 Ice. t. ale: . . . nadomaFmEee .ME 10??4523' . meu?kNm: ?100-448131? 1mm CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE eclassified Authority: FBI Edna Declassificatinn Guide By: ARA Date: . MATTER SNcc;- Character: RACIAL MATTERS CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE, male Negro, born 4/8/44, Memphis, CG Tenn., a graduate of Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia, - in the summer of ~1967, has lived in Memphis since the Summer of 1967. He has organized a militant black power group known as Black Organizing Power Which he admits is affiliated- with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Commi-ttee (SNCC-) He makes periodic trips to Atlanta, Ga.,nto Consult with SNCC leadersP He has spoken of the need of Negroes to obtain guns, has told audiences how to make Molotov cocktails, and on 3/5/68 distributed draWings regarding making of Molotov 2 cocktails. At meetings he has said "The black man must overthrow capitalism by any means necessary." He has told* the audiences ,'"Black man should not fight in Vietnam." He admitted to Special Agents of the FBI to being a follower? of STOKELY CARMICHAEL and- H. RAP BROWN, National Chairman of SNCC, and admitted he is. "organizing young militant blacks in the community." Synapsis: . 9r}- This document contains neither recommendations nor concin3ion3 of the FBI. It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency: it and its contents ?are not to be distributed outside your agency. '1 {an 3491, nucIu:591519514 Page 12 NH 3491 DETAELS: ME 100a4528 1. PERSONAL HISTORY DATA A. Residence On November 16,1967, CABBAGE stated that he could always be contacted by Calling him as follows: 1) 94213755, any time after 2 as this is where he sleeps. 2) 946~4432 and leave messages for him, in care of his mother. 3) 94717204, which he said is JOHN BURRELL SMITH's apartment. Ric - The Memphis, Tennessee, Telephone Directory shows - - that Telephone No. 94213755 is that of ALICE JACKSON, 1924 Rile, grandmother, and Telephone No. 946-4432 is v? listed to ELVIN SHANNON, 234 Ingle. 7 '11/17/63) On November 20, 1967, Memphis Confidential Informant Taz advised that 947a 7204 is a new telephone number and was subscribed to on October 12, 1967, by WILLIAM 1644 Hanauer, Apartment 2, Memphis, Tennessee, who is employed at Dixie Wax Paper CompAny. On December SHEPARD, Registrar's Office, Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia, advised from records tmit CHARLES CABBAGE resided in Apartment P-14 3201 Garden Road, Atlanta, Georgia, as of the Spring of 1967 On January 5, 1968, CABBAGE advised SA WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE that he was living at 1924 Rile Street, Memphis, Tennessee. 7 As of March 1,1968, CABBAGE still resided at 1924 Bile, Telephone No. 94213755, :(Tel, 3/1/68) nucIn:59161951C Page 13 mp? I I . . ME 100w4528 As of March 14, 1968, CABBAGE was living with JOHN BURRELL SMITH at 1644 Hanauer, Apartment 2, Memphis, Tennessee. . 3/15/68) B. Education On December 6, 1967, Mrs. DORIS SHEPARD, Registrar's Office, Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia, advised,that CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE entered Morehouse A College in September, 1964, as a transfer student from 7g, Owen College, Memphis, Tennessee. He was graduated from: Summer School at Morehouse on August 4, 1967, with a B. A: ?Degree in History. On November 9, 1967, a transcript of his -, Morehouse record was sent to the Graduate School, Memphis State University, Memphis, Tennessee. His relative standing. at Morehouse was rated as 1. 76 out of a possible 4.0. It was pointed out to mrs. SHEPARD that some- of this information was at variance with information furnished by her on July 21, 1967, at which time she reported CABBAGE was no longer in attendance at Morehouse. She said this was entirelyr 11w possible as his folder would not, by necessity, contain his complete record of his summer attendance there at the__ time the records were checked in July. The records of memphis State University (MSU), as furnished by Mr. WILLIAM F. YOUNGSON, Director of Security, MSU, on September 14,1967, showed that CABBAGE amended the second 6mweeks of summer school at MSU from July 17, to August 23,1967. He took one course in History; Therefore, he could not have been in attendance at Morehouse at the same time,according to Mr. YOUNGSON.. . On December 9, 1967, Mr. YOUNGSON advised that CABBAGE has net followed through on any application to attend graduate school at MSU. - HE 3491 DucId:59167951 ~Page?14 NH 3491 ME 100m4528 On October 2, 1967, T-l advised that On October 2, 1967, CHARLES CABBAGE said he was not going to school this .1 fall and that his grade ayerage at Morehouse College was not sufficient to permit him to transfer to Memphis State University without taking the entrance examination which he refused to do. C. Employment - On September 22, 1967, Mr. WILLIAM MC GRATH, Administrative Assistant to WASHINGTON BUTLER, Director of the Memphis Waron Poverty Committee (WOPC), Memphis, Tennessee, advised that COBY VERNON SMITH, CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE and JOHN BURRELL SMITH are no longer on the payroll of Memphis Area Project?South (MAPS), having been terminated August 31, 1967. CABBAGE has not worked since August 31,1967, when he was laid off his 20nhourma~week job by the Memphis Area Project a South (MAPS), as an antipoverty worker. (Tel, 3/15/68) D. Selective Service On October advised that on October 2, 1967, CHARLES L. CABBAGE said he was about to be drafted into the united States Army but that he will refuse to go. On October 20,1967, Memphis Confidential Informant advised that CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE, Selective Service No. 40m83=44m209, came into Local Board No. 83 on October 19, 1967, stayed about one hour, argued and became hostile. He acted as though he is a "law unto himself," projecting things out of any sense of proportion. .He wanted to be taken out of lwA classificatiOn. He is no longer a student and cannot qualify for 2mS-classification. He wanted to be a Conscientious 0bjector.? The Board mailed him Conscientious Objector forms about six months ago. He refuses to execute them but wants the Board to accept his oral word that he is a Conscientious Objector. He has refused to return a questionnaire recently mailed to him. When asked what type conscientious objector he wanted to be, either lAuO or lmO, one who will be a noncombatant or one who will do only civilian work. DueId:5916?951 Page 15 NH 3491 .15 4 ME 100u4528 CABBAGE refused to answer, saying that he, alone, will decide what'he will do. He said he was going to mail his Selective Service registration card back to Local Board 83, thus severing any relations with Selective Service System. He demanded the names of all the Board members. He was then classified luA but said he will refuse to accept any classification. He was scheduled to have a hearing before the entire Board on November 14, 1967, at 10:30 alm. ?He said he would bring thirty witnesses with him. On November 8, 1967, Ta3 advised that to date*? CHARLES CABBAGE, Selective Service No. 40?83e44u209, had not turned?in.his draft registration or luA?classification card as he recently threatened to do. He is registered with Lecal Beard 83, Memphis, Tennessee. Tn3 learned that Local Board 83 recently mailed CABBAGE's card to his home address, 234 Ingle, and his grandmother signed for it on October 24,1967. He stillt refused to execute any forms and says he will not accept?any classification. a; . - 1 Since he is appealing his luA cla551f1cation, he was scheduled to appear before the Board of Local Board No. 83 at 10: 30 a Tuesday, November 14,1967, in an office adjacent to Local Board 83, Room 765, Federal Office Building, Memphis, Tennessee. DUNBAR ABSTON, JR., is Chairman cf the 'Board. On the morning of Tuesday, Nevember 14, 1967, Lieutenant E. H. ARKIN and Inspector G. P. TINES, both of the InSpectional Bureau, Memphis, Tennessee, Police Department, and SA WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE observed the seventh floor elevator area of the Federal Office Building at about 10: 25 a. m; and obServed CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE accompanied by WATSON PALMER GUNTER, 1749 Foster, 1a male Negro, bearded and wearing sun glasses. CABBAGE also wore sun glasses. They got off the elevator and disappeared. CABBAGE was scheduled for a hearing before his Local Selective Service Board NoMrs. EUNICE HOLLOWAY is Clerk of Local Board 83, and the Board members are DUNBAR ABSTON, JOHN. SNEED WILLIAMS, and ELGIN L. SCOTT, -Negro, employed at the Memphis Country Club. CABBAGE was to contest his classification. A few minutes later, circled the corridor several times. No one elsei? appeared tote with him. - . 15;; Page 16:: I?L?dgl ME 100=4528 Later on the afternoon of Nevember advised thatihe hearing was held and that WATSON PALMER GUNTER appeared with CABBAGE. GUNTER said very little other than that CABBAGE was of good character and conscientiously objected to all wars. CABBAGE insisted before the Board that he should not be clasSified lnA and stated that he was a Conscientious Objector (00). He finally agreed to execute Conscientious Objector-fonns, heretofore contending that he did not have to execute same as they were "archaic," based on laWS?paSSed by legislators that he did not help to- elect? He was most contentious and argumentative. He refused to tell Mr. ABSTON if he had his draft registration card. He gave the Board two addresses, 234 Ingle and 1934 Rile. He claimed he was being discriminated against because he was a Negro. He claimed mandatory military service was discriminatory and he needed to remain a Civilian to be an "organizer" to lead the :Negro people to change?the draft laws. He kept using the phrase, "Participatory i; Democracy, stating that people could at any time change laws- . they did not like or ignore them. CABBAGE claimed "Laws are made to serve the people" and "not the people to serve the law;" He said when laws are unjust, it is the obligation of the people to oppose them by: any necessary means and that the government has systematically ?opposed his people, thablack people. He used the word "black? not Negro. He said he had organized Conscientious Objectors while at Morehouse College in Atlanta and was now an "organizer of black people." He said he is not working. The Board voted to keep him in luA classification, and he is appealing to the West Tennessee Appeal Board. On Nevember 16, 1967, Tel advised that on the afternoon of-Nbvember 15, 1967, CABBAGE contacted him, stating that he was having trouble with his Draft Board. CABBAGE told Tul that he was in l-A classification and.that he would "fight it? all the way to the Supreme Court.: CABBAGE said he would be able to get the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) to? support him. Tul advised that CABBAGE had a-copy of "Liberator Magazine" with him which he said he had bought at a news stand. This magazine is prouNorth Vietnam and is unalterably opposed to United States policy in Vietnam and the entire military defense of the United States. ?Ga DucId:5916T951 Page 1? 1. - ME 100-4528 On March 15, 1968, 1-3 advised thet the West Tennesee Appeal Bonrd or Selective Service still had CABBAGE's case under consideration. . ical Descript ion The following is a composite description of CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE Name: Date of Birth: Place of Birth: Race: Sex: Height: -1 Weight: Hair: Eyes: Education: Relatives Father: Mother: Brother: . Sister: Brother: Br other: Grandmother Grandmother: Selective Service Na. Social Security No.: my 9491 Maegan-1951 Page )3 CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE April 8. 1944 Memphis, Tennessee Negro Male 6 feet 2} inches 165 pounds 3130K Brown Graduate of carver High imhool, Memphis, Tennessee; attended Owen Junior College; Memphis, Tennessee. September, 1962 to May 1984; attended Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia, September, 1964, to May, 1967, obtained degree August 3, 1967; attended Summer School, Memphis State University, Memphis, Tennessee, July and August, 1967. IRVIN CABBAGE JESSIE MAE CABBAGE both residing 1731 Benford, Memphis, Tennessee ELVIN LEON CABBAGE, age 25; SELINA CABBAGE, age RICHARD CABBAGE, age 18; VANN CABBAGE, age 17. PHROENNIE SHANNON, 234 lngle, Memphis; ALICE JACKSON, 1924 Bile, Memphis Tennessee -7- ME 100~4528 II. CONNECTIONS WITH SUBVERSIVE ORGANIZATIONS Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) A. Leadership in SNCC~Oriented Black Organizing Power (BOP), M?mphis, Tennessee The SNCC movement was first talked in Memphis in the Spring of 1967 by CALVIN LEROY TAYLOR, 347 W. Waldorf, a male Negro and senior student at Memphis State University (MSU). TAYLOR later teamed up with CABBAGE, JOHN BURRELL SMITH, and COBY VERNON SMITH to support the mayoralty candidacy of A. W. WILLIS, JR., Memphis Negro attorney.. CABBAGE in the Fall of 1967 claimed to be from Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia, but is a native Memphian who formerly attended Carver High School and Owen Junior College, Memphis. CABBAGE claimed he became active in SNCC in Atlanta in 1966 and early 1967? CABBAGE said black power followers could avoid the draft by becoming security risks. In October, 1967, CABBAGE said that JOHN B. SMITH and CABBAGE had recently gone to Atlanta tons In SNCC Headquarters. CABBAGE said they had a house on Hanauer Street where they could meet. JOHN B. SMITH lives at 16449.. Hanauer, Apartment 2. j?y?r? 8' 11/13/67) OOBY VERNON SMITH I COBY VERNON SMITH was one of the out-of?town 9? attendees at the Socialist Workers Party (SWP), National Plenum, held at 873 Broadway, New York, New York, June 2, 3 and 4,1967. (mus, 6/5/67) (The SWP has been designated by the Attorney General of the United States pursuant to Executive Order 10450. .8, NH 3491 Page 19 NH 3491 - power supporters at Memphis State University. ?9 ME 100M4528 On October 20, 1967, T-l advised that on the night of October 19, 1967, he barned from black power advocate CHARLES CABBAGE that CABBAGE, possibly JOHN and two others, not named, but ostensibly the brothers, CLIFFORD LOUIS TAYLOR and EDWARD REED TAYLOR, will go to Washington, D. C., on Friday, October 20, 1967, to participtte in the National ,Mobilization to End the War in Vietnam massive demonstration at the Pentagon on October 21, 1967. He said they will go in JOHN 1962 model gray Volkswagen. Tel asked CABBAGE if COBY V. SMITH was going and he said COBY was tee busy as a student at Southwestern College. CABBAGE stated that he had seen littlecf COBY SMITH recently and had "sort of drawn away" from COBY. T?l stated that CABBAGE said he was still determined to form an effective militant black power movement in Memphis and had developed some unidentified supporters and allies at Owen College and LeMoyne College. He did not identify them. CABBAGE said to date he has had no success in getting black On October 30,1967,Memphis Confidential Informan?g?f advised that the father of CHARLES CABBAGE, a self-admitted black power advocate in Memphis who is trying to form a SNCC chapter, is IRVIN CABBAGE who works on the "Mississippi, the leading tow boat or the Memphis U. S. Corps of Engineers, -Memphis District. Tw6 stated that in recent conversation with IRVIN CABBAGE, who lives at 1731 Benford, indicated that he is most concerned about his son, CHARLES CABBAGE. He stated he is afraid CHARLES Will get into some serious trouble and he is unable to control CHARLES. He said_ is living With his grandmother, ALICE JACKSON, at 1924 Rile, Memphis. added that a few days prior to October 30, 1967, T-6 saw the Older brother cf CHARLES CABBAGE, namely ELVIN LEON CABBAGE, who was visiting Memphis. ELVIN lives and works out of town. ELVIN is nest angry- with CHARLES and told T-6 that CHARLES CABBAGE is full of hatred and wants to see racial trauble. ELVIN chiims he argued With CHARLES, telling CHARLES he was wrong, almost to the point where they fought. 1. . DucId:5916T951 Page 2D NH 3491 an icesasee On November 2, 1967, Memphis Confidential Informant Tm? advised that Reverend RICHARD M. MOON, Director of West? minster House, Presbyterian Student Center, Memphis State University, said he keeps up with all the "new left" and "black power" movements in Memphis and that COBY VERNON SMITH, SNCC organizer and 3800 member, now a Southwestern College student, is,in opinidn, a "big boy" with big ideas but little brganizational ability insofar as "black power" in concerned. MOON. eaid thenreal brains regarding the black power movement in Memphis rests in associate, CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE He. said CABBAGE calls a-ll the shots and is the "black power. brains." added that based on contacts with CABBAGE, COBY SMITH, and some of their unidentified "black power" associates he, MOON, expected a lot of racial trouble in Memphis in 1968 because COBY, CABBAGE, and their associates are bitterly disappointed at the smallavote received by Memphis Mayoralty candidate A. WILLIS, in the October 6, 1967, primary. They have told MOON they will "make Memphis suffer. He did not elaborate .aQ to details. . - Tu7 advised that MOON seemed to be infatuated with the "new left" and "black power" cencepts offering no criticism whatsoever of either. On Nbvember 8, 1967, Memphis Confidential'lnformant advised that EQEEY EOCTOR, male Negro, employee of the United States Civil Rights Commission, Memph_is,. Tennessee, is one of the adult advisers of the incipient SNCC-oriented black power clique in Memphis, represented by CHARLES LA.VERNE CABBQGE, COBY VERNON SMITH, CLIFFORD LOUIS TAYLOR, EDWARD REED TAYLOR, WATSON PALMER GUNTER, Mrs. WATSON PALMER GUNTER, and JOHN BURRELL SMITH This group has attended some of the recent leadership workshops of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), uninvited. On the occasion of theh' attendance at these Workshops, DOCTOR brought the group and left With them. advised that one of the workshop participants, a Negro female, MARSHALL A RANDOLPH is infatuated with CHARLES CABBAGE and has a "crush" on him. She?defends CABBAGE and his associates. MARSHALL RANDOLPH can easily be led into the black power camp for this reason. The 1965=66 MSU Student Directory lists one MARSHALL A RANDOLPH, student, residence 1645 Cameron; no telephone is listed. The 1966 Memphis City Eirectory lists MARSHALL RANDOLPH, student, residence 1645 Cameron. The Street Directory for the same year lists WILLIAM CALDWELL at 1645 Cameron. alom??: DucId:5916T951 Page 21 NH 3491 ME 100=4528 advised that CABBAGE was trying desperately to become a Negro leader and that he wanted his own black power group. Tu8 stated that CABBAGE is a bitter young man, imbued with his idea of self importance. He was attempting to get adult backing. CABBAGE was vague as to his plans, denied that he was formally affiliated with SNCC, but admitted that he had connections with SNCC. . On November 8, 1967, also advised that at the November 1, 1967, meeting recognized CLIFFORD LOUIS TAYLOR, EDWARD REED TAYLOR, ELEANOR TAYLOR, JOHN B. SMITH, BOBBY DOCTOR, WATSON PALMER GUNTER and his wife. They were all militant and when MAXINE SMITH, the Executive Secretary of the NAACP, Memphis, finally asked them to leave, JOHN SMITH said something to the effect that when there is a race riot in Memphis some of the NAACP people should not be surprised to see their homes burned. On the evening of November 8, 1967, Memphis Confidential Informant Tu9 advised- that he had just Hheard that CHARLES .1 CABBAGE and possibly JOHN BURRELL SMITH had gone to Atlanta, Georgia, over the weekend of November 4, 1967, to seek SNCC- '77? support for a black power group in Memphis. He said?that to - the best of his knowledge no black power or Negro history classes have been held during the week beginning November 5, 1967. During late October or early Novembe_r, 1967, a group of self-admitted SNCC-oriented black powerites, including BOBBY DOCTOR, _F1e1d Representative of the United States Civil Rights Commission, 167 North Main Street, Memphis, Tennessee; JAMES PHILLIPS, LeMoyne College student; COBY VERNON SMITH, Southwestern College student, CLIFFORD LOUIS TAYLOR, fonner Carver High School student; JOHN BURRELL MARSHALL ANN RANDOLPH, former Hamilton High School student; and CHARLES L. CABBAGE, came to the NAACP Grassroots Workshop, uninvited They attempted to disrupt the meetings and made wild and- irrational-statements about burning and looting in Memphis. They made veiled threats against the NAACP leaders when the latter asked them to leave. 111? Page 22 . ME 100=4528 CALVIN LEROY TAYLOR, copy boy for the "Commercial Appeal" newspaper and senior student at Memphis State University, has openly admitted being a SNCC member and black power advocate since as early as 1967. He has little time for activity as heiworks 40 hours a week and carries a full course at Memphis State University. He wears a jacket with the name "Invaders" on the hack. (Tall, 11/9/67), On November 16, 1967, CABBAGE said he is still trying to organize an active SNCC=type organization in Memphis and how had some good militant recruits and supporters including JOHN BURRELL SMITH, now attending Owen College. He said he has developed some excellent black power contacts and supporters at LeMoyne College, 807-25 Walker Avenue, Memphis, and would make his move at MSchuNovember 17, 1967. CABBAGE also said he had done some good and successful recruiting at Owen College :53 11/16/67) ?b?lw On November 17, 1967, CABBAGE, CLIFFORD TAYLOR and JOHN BURRELL SMITH, all came to Memphis State University in an effort to talk a group of MSU students? into forming a black power group. They told the students who would listen to them, about 100 in number, that they were being discriminated against by the white power structure at MSU. Several Negro students showed an interest.- (T-4, 11/17/67) (T?lz, 11/17/67) . CABBAGE and SMITH returned to MSU on November 26, 1967, and again talked to Negro students endeavoring to interest them in joining and forming a black power unit at MSU. 11/20/67) 11/20/67) 112- NH 3491 Page 23 NH 3491 ME 100m4528 On November 16, 1967, Tel advised that on Nevember 16, 1967, CABBAGE said he did go -to Atlanta, Georgia, on October 20: 1967, to get support for his Memphis black power organization CABBAGE also advised that he had gone b'Washington, D. C., where he participated in the October 21, 1967, massive march on the Pentagon in an effort to opport United States policy in Vietnam. CABBAGE did not e1nhorete.He did say that he had gone back to Atlanta about a week prior to November 16, 196?, in an effort to get edditi_onsl support 1 On November 21,1967, Tal advised that CABBAGE and SMITH said the "Invaders" is still not a separate organization but that it is merely a name by which the chapter at Owen College and Carver High School went to be called.. CABBAGE said he and his black power group, including JOHN B. SMITH, would go to LeMoyne College to the Student Center at about 12:30 pom. on Tuesday, November 21, 1967, to hold a forum on b1ack power. CABBAGE said LeMoyne student CLENTON ROY JAMERSON of 1397 Davis Street, Memphis, is one of his group and 13:. a "good man." CABBAGE claimed he has a following at LeMoyne .mi CABBAGE wants to get Some pictures of his followers He?9- 37:3 said he had recently been to Atlanta, Georgia, to try to obtain money for his group but was unsuccessful He badly :ch' needs money and adult support He has also seen AUTREX PARKER, Director of the Memphis Ares Project a South (MAPS), seeking support. He indicated he had been unsuccessful. Tel advised that JOHN decided not to attend the forum at LeMoyne as he had classes at Owen College but said he would send "some of his boys." T-l also advised that recently Reverend CHARLES. MICKLE, Placement Officer at LeMoyne College, told T-l that the black power, SNCC group, has a small base among students at LeMoyne. He stated that the faculty? is scared of them and, accordingly, the faculty is taking a "hands- off position." MICKLE said the group has been putting out anonymous newsletters attacking various faculty members and trying to draw the faculty into a controversy with them. Tel added that ROBERT RATCLIFFE, Public Relations Manager, LeMoyne College, had confidentially stated that a small clique of black power advocates has established itself among the male students at LeMoyne. 15' 1131 DuoId:5916T951 Page 24 ME 100=4528 Later on November 21,1967,Tml adviSed that . CABBAGE, accompanied by WATSON PALMER GUNTER, a nonStudent, oi 1749 Foster, had gone to the Student Center at LeMbyne' College around 12: 30 to p.m ., November 21,1967. He stahad that about 75 students, both boys and girls, came to hear them. PETER COOPER, white male, Economics Instructor, came also. JAMES PHILLIPS, LeMoyne student who lives at 1592 Short, was the master oi ceremonies and Spokesman for. the LeMoyne students Tul advised that CABBAGE and PHILLIPS kept saying that the United States is a white man' country, dominated and controlled by the whites. They stated that no Negroes are prominently mentioned in American history and that no Negro history is taught in the schools. They also stated that Dr. HOLLIS F. PRICE, President of LeMoyne College, is a stooge of the white power structure. PHILLIPS said, new "This cat, PRICE, has got to go, and "His day is over. They called United States Senator EDWARD BROOKS of Massachusetts an example of a "soucalled" Negro being a st00ge for the whites as he was elected by and controlled by whites. They said he is "phony" and besides that he is half white They attacked THURGOOD MARSHALL, current United States Supreme Court Justice, a Negro, as a stOOge of the white race. His appointment, they said, was "Uncle Tomism Ta I advised that they were vulgar and filthy in their language using frequent fouraletter words. CABBAGE and PHILLIPS said the Negro students? only salvation was to organize and to assume power and control over their own destinies. They did not elaborate. T=l advised that CABBAGE recommended that his listeners regularly read "Muhammad Speaks" the offiCial paper 0f the Nation of Islam (NOI)(Black Muslims), as he Said it contains more consistent material pertinent to the black power movement than any other existing publication.? (A characterization of .the NOI is set forth in the Appendix Section.) . . Tel advised that WATSON PALMER GUNTBR said the group -cannot be too SpecifICiaS it is just getting started and that of necessity it has to. be vague as it does net want the white man to know, in advance, of its aims, plans, and tactics. Tel advised that CABBAGE and PHILLIPS asked those in the audience who are interested to get in touch with then. Following the meeting, about ten of the LeMoyne students had their pictures taken with CABBAGE and GUNTER. About NH 3491 Page 25 ME 10014523 four or five sympathizers refused toget into the pictures. Several had natural Afro hairdos. One boy with roundushAped metal framed glasses Similar toihose worn by H. RAP BROWN of SNCC would not get into the pictures. CABBAGE kept referring to himself as the "Organizer. CABBAGE referred to his group at LeMoyne as (Black Organizing Power). ROBERT RATCLIFFE later told T-l that CORY VERNON SMITH one of the earlier co=organizers with CABBAGE, had become somewhat isolated from this group and had somewhat "cooled off" from the black power group. - recalled that at LeMcyne College on November 21, 1967, CABBAGE claimed the United States Government had built detention or concentration camps in and. Arizona in which to incarcerate black powerites when the government "cracks down" on all dissenters. ?is Tul advised that GUNTER tried to tell the LeMOyne '-sympathizers to dress in a natural African fashion, to let NH 3491 their hair grow bushy, to use no makeup, and then he said this was not too important as "it's what' in your heart which ._g5E counts. a Tel advised that CLINTON ROY JAMERSON was on the stage with PHILLIPS, CABBAGE and GUNTER but did not speak. Tul advised that CABBAGE claimed SNCC leader, H. RAP BROWN, is a political prisoner and that the whites tricked him into carrying a gun in interstate commerce, leading to his arrest. He made fun of the recent marriage of the ,daughter of Secretary of State DEAN RUSK to a Negro, stating that the Negro was.three=fourths white. Tel advised that CABBAGE in his speech added that the Negro.rioters in Detroit and Newark in the Summarof 196? suffered heavy lesses because they were not preperly armed to defend themselves and he said they are now armed but did not elaborate. - . -151 DucId:5916T951 Page 26 in", . 1 VJ, I ME 10024528 Again on November 22, 1967, Tel advised that JOHN.BURRELL SMITH and baok to LeMoyne about 1 p.m. on November 22, 1967. They invaded the faculty lounge where a white man or Arab by the name of HOLLOWELL had been a guest speaker. They tried to intimidate HOLLOWELL. They insulted four or fiveiwhite LeNoyne teachers who were present. They told Mrs. SNEATLOW, a white female, -age 21=22, a math teacher, that she was a terrible teacher; ~.-that she was not wanted by the Negroes at LeMoyne; and NH 3491 that sdhe had better leave. JAMES PHILLIPS told her his -girl friend (not named) could teach better than she. CABBAGE . and SMITH intimidated a Dr. ANDERSON, a tall white Philosophy instructor, telling him he was not wanted at LeNoyne and that he should resign. They tried to intimidate HOLLOWELL into giving them money He finally gave them a dollar as he was obviously scared of them. Tul advised that this was overheard by DENNIS HAYES, a young heMoyne student. He was disturbed and was opposed to them. HAYES said there are only about five devoted hard-core followers of CABBAGE and SMITH at LeMoyne but there are a eonside1able number of sympathizers. One possible sympathizer was JEANETTE at least she hung around them and seemed interested. Another obvious sympathizer who chimed in and "aped" PHILLIPS was LeMoyne student CURTIS CARTER of 377 East Mohemore. They took up a collection, taking up about $3.00. PHILLIPS said if he could_get $8.00 he would go buy a Icarbine and come back and shoot up LeMoyne. T?l advised that he understood that br.'aonLIs PRICE, who was not on the campus at the time, on hearing of the incident, sent for JAMES PHILLIPS, a student, wishing to see him at once On November 24, 1967, Memphis Confidential Informant Tm13 volunteered the following informatibn: It now appears that the leading troublemakers and SNCG supporters at LeMoyne are JAMES PHILLIPS, the student leader in this movement, aided and abetted by CURTIS CARTER, CLINTON ROY JAMERSON and CARL NATION. CALVIN TODD was a euphorter but has been put out of school for academic reasons. ?Another alleged supporter is CARL PATTON who was recently arrested, by the Memphis Police Department for stealing books and will be - expelled from school as soon as court action takes place. else W31. DucId:5916T951 Page 2? NH 3491 6. MS Tats stated and PATTOM are the "ringleeders." He has beehieliehly informed that they were responsible for putting out.the "Nonviolence Bulletin" on November 2, 1967, reporting the formetion of a SNCC ohepter Mt LeMoyhe by PHILLIPS (JAMES), CARTER (CURTIS), (CLINTON BOYD9 FALLS (JAMES E, PATTON (CARL), DYE (ROBERT), HOOKS (RONALD), NEELY (ROCHESTER), (MYROM), and JONES (BENJAMIN). . M513 MMid that of the specifically HQOK.S, JONES, HEELS end. possibly BOYD, were concerned Mbout their names being listed Ms SMCC suppOIters. Regerdieg the Tuesday, HoveM.ber 21 1967, incident Mt the Student Center, said that MYRON LOWERY, Student Coohei 1 President, is Motuelly afraid of the SNCC or black power leaders. He is Meekmwilled and they intimideted him into Msking for the use of the lecture hall Mt the Student Center where PHILLIPS and CABBAGE spoke, This was in the g? L?tle Theater Section. was not there but he has bee? informed by students and faculty that CABBAGE Spoke on November 21, 1967, saying that Negro colleges are inferior heoeuse the white power structure controls the schools end purposely keeps them inferior to keep the Negro inferior. CABBAGE stated that Dr. PRICE, President of LeMoyne, is no good Ms he is part of the "establishment" (White power structure). further stated that the bleak meh hes to fight for his destiny by any and M11 means. TMIB advised thet about 15 students and CABBAGE then set around the student lounge and talked using filthy and vulgar language. advised that they were asked to move on and that they moved out onto the campus and huddled eround for ebout an hour. TM13 said there is_ho doubt that some small group of students have been "taken in" by the black power emotionel pitch; but that most of the students ignore them and consider them to be imprectioel end chMy,, He feels they have at most eight to ten followers among the students. T-13 edwised that there is no evidence whatsoever of Mny faculty sup?brt _or guidance Mt LeMoyne. - advised that he had been told that on Wednesday, November 22 1967 CABBAGE Mud JOHN BURRELL Meme to-the LeMoyMe Campus; and went to the faculty lounge_ they proceeded to insult guest of the schoolg a Mr. of the United Churoh of Christg.from Beruit, Lebanon. ?He ?17m DucId:5916T951 Page 23 NH 3491 we ME 100:4528 stated that Mr. had Spoken at the Chapel at LeMoyne earlier on November 22,1967;about the Arab? Israeli controversyo About ten faculty members, both white and Negro, were in the faculty lounge when JAMES PHILLIPS, CURTIS CARTER, JOHN B. SMITH and CHARLES CABBAGE accosted them. The faculty members and HOLLADAY tried to engage them in dialogue but, according to T913, you cannot converse or debate with the black powerites. Accordingly, it became a tirade by CHARLES CABBAGE and PHILLIPS in which they-charged that all of the white raeulty members should leave LeMoyne as they were not wanted.and were incompetent and inferior to Negroes. . Tals advised that PHILLIPS and the other members of the group claimed they needed money with which to purchase guns aniweapons to be used by then in determining their own destiny. They specifically berated Dr. BOLGER ANDERSON, an elderly white teacher who is a Philosophy Instructor and former instructor at Memphis State UniverSity. They used many curse words and vulgar language on him. 9 On November 27, 1967, CABBAGE told Tel that he flew to Atlanta, Georgia, over the weekend of November 25n26, 1967, where he conferred with black power leaders, including a former Howard University professor who has left Howard to join the black power movement and to becdme a proiessicnal boxer. CABBAGE stated that there will be a black power conference in Knoxville, Tennessee, around the first of January, 1968, to be hosted by the Knoxville chapter of SNCC. He did not elaborate On November 27, 1967, Tel observed CABBAGE, accompanied by JOHN BURRELL SMITH and another unidentified hale Negro, driving a late model light blue Ford Mustang bearing Georgia license ID34870. CABBAGE said nothing abOut the car or its ownership. h. - .ailnjua?u.? v- - S. . u:a =15 DucId:5916T951 Page 29 ma: 73: 2/ ME 100=4528 On November 19, l967, Memphis Confidential Informant advised that beginning in early October, 1967, CHARLES L, CABBAGE and JOHN SMITH, the latter an Army veteran and freshman student at Owen College Memphis, began holding black power and black history meetings in Room 25 of the Administration Building at Owen College, an all=Negro junior college supported by the Baptist Church and located at 370 Orleans Street, Memphis. T=l4 advised that usually about 30 to 40 students attend the meetings. 3 ra14 also advised that onulhursday, November 16, 31967, at the meeting, CHARLES CABBAGE led the discussion I:and lectured. CABBAGE and JOHN BURRELL SMITH, an Owen Freshman and close associate of CABBAGE, -served as moderators. CABBAGE discussed the Summer, 1967, race riots in Detroit and Newark, New Jersey, claiming they were the results of Negro or "black" frustratiOns and that they, the Negroes, had to resort to violence and will continue to have to use violence, He implied that racial violence will even occur in Memphis, as a racially desegregated or integrated society will not .work as it will always be dominated by the white man. He lectured in detail as to how "Molotov cocktails" can be made frem rags, gasoline and bottles, CABBAGE said there will always be racial segregation for various reasons a social, economic, or color. He said all nrevious Negro leaders in the United States, such as ROY WILKINS of the NAACP and MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR., of the scuthern Christian Leadership Council (SCLC), have been handmpicked by andicontrolled'by the iv? .. . 5 ??19 a: NH 3491 Page NH 3491 ME 100a4528 shite power structure to keep the sleek masses in line. He said this was part of cepitelism?s strategy to deprive the bleck men or his fsir share of financial reward due him. He said that the black men built this country egainst his will end has been penalized economically and socially by the Whiteso Capitalism, he said, is geared to maintain the statuesque which perpetuates_raciel segregation., Too, he said, the capitalistic system, controlled by the white man, comes in, sets mp. businesses in Negro communities, makes profits from the Negro, does not share the .profits with the Negro, but instead he takes the profits back to the white community mak?mgit even richero Therefore, he said the black men's only salvation lies'in the and unequivocal overthrow of the capitalistic system by any means. This was purely communist teachings, according to the source? - CABBAGE then discussed Vietnam. He claimed the Vietnamese Who are Orientals ere.somewhet related to the black men and that When Negro soldiers kill them they are \h killing their ?brothers." He said the Vietnamese war is not a battle of Communism versus democracy as the - United States leaders claim but'?sm the Vietnamese people ere merely seeking to achieve their own destiny. He lauded the recent peace mission of American "now left" leader TOM HAYDEN, former leader of Students for a ?emocretic Society (893), to Hanoi, resulting in HAYDEN freeing three American Army sergeants who had been prisoners of war in the North Vietnamese area He said in reality the Vietnamese war is one of the black men versus the white men and that the whites and their ceoitelistic power structure are trying to take over the world He cited the white domination of blacks in Rhodesia as an exampleo (A characterization of the SDS is attached hereto in the Appendix Section. T=l4 advised that a few students from LeMoyne College have attended some of these meetings. CABBAGE has said he sects to form a black power axis involving students from Owen, LeMoyne-end Memphis State University (MSU). CABBAGE end JOHN BNRRELL SMETH are the main leaders detected to date, They cell their LeMoyne contingent the (Black Organising Power). .120.? DucId:5916T951 Page 31 {o ~03 'Mn advised that a'cloSe associate of CABBAGE and SMETH who is not a student but who comes to the meetings. is WATSON PALMER GUNTER, male Negro, who wears a beard and sun glasses.- GUNTER said he graduated from Manassas High School and has not attended college.. He gave one rather innocuous talk at a recent meeting on economics and black power. As recently as September 13,7196?, Te? reported that on September 12, 1967, one of elose black power associates, COBY VERNON SMETH, 2240 Brown Avenue, Memphis, commented "We have to have black power." Hex emphasized that he was organizing the which he, too, referred to as Black Organising Power. CORY SMITH said BOP was a name he had picked; that actually it was the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and that SNCC gave him permission to use this name as memphians .generally were skeptical of and afraid of SNCC. JaseVJ Tml4 also advised that another non=0wen attendee r?at these meetings has been a female Negro, MARSHALL RANDOLPH a former student at Hamilton High School, where she allegedly was a troublemaker. Her current address is not knowa. On November 30, 1967, CHARLES L. CABBAGE led a, black power meeting in Room 25, AdministratiOn Building, Owen College, being asSisted by JOHN BURRELL SMITH. Featured was a tape oi a fiery speech made by the late MALCOLM X. LITTLE, Negro revolutionary. It was a hate? inspired speech. is not the martyred hero of many young black power advocates. CABBAGE then led a?discussion based on the tape. He claimed the United States State Department and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) had MALCOLM assassinated because he was about to lead a black revolution which would have freed all blacks in the United States. Several LeMoyne College students were present. CABBAGE commented thit the SNCC program, which he supports, is moving more and more toward an extreme, radioal and revolutionary program. NH 3491 Page 32 . I rigid -. him. ME 100m4528 On November 29, 1967, Memphis Confidential Informant ~Tm15 stated that around July, 1967, JOHN BURRELL SMITH and CHARLES L. CABBAGE began preaching black power in southwest Memphis, claiming Negroes or black men shouklform and determ1ne 'tneir own destines. They made such statements- as, "This town ought to burn down." CABBAGE cl-aimed an affiliation with SNCC, claiming he became involved with SNCC while a student at Morehouse College in Atlanta in 1.966 and 1967. claimed to have a girl friend in Atlanta, name not known, Whose- family a has money and who purportedly finances On December 1, 1967, Memphis Confidential lnformant Tal? said that on September 1.0, 1967, he attended a black power meeting in Apartment 2,1644 Hanauer (the apartment of JOHN BURRELL SMITH). About 15 Negroes were present. The meeting was led by CHARLES L. CABBAGE and WATSON PALMER GUNTER. About 10 people were invited to hear CABBAGE talk. CABBAGE and GUNTER spoke of forming a large black power group to control Memphis. Both said there is a need of blacks to hate all white people.and that'the Negro or blacks must burn and -riot in Memphis so that the Federal Government and State- Government would pour money into tne housing projects, build businesses for Negroes, and provide jobs for Negroes - and do away With white power control of Memphis. CABBAGE -claimed blacks have been slaves in Me UMited States for three hundred years and remain so. He said it is timeE ifor Negroes to unite and take control of their own destiny a.nd- that this, and not more integration, is needed to give Negroes black power and control. . CABBAGE told those present that the group could Estart a riot by having a white male assault a Negro woman in'a crowded area and then have a group of black power Negro males come to the aid of the assaulted woman and, in the process, attack all the whites in the area. CABBAGE said this would be done when his black power movement was firmly established in Memphis, and he haped to have this accomplished by the "Summer of 1968. NH 3491 m22a DucId:5916T951 Page 33 ME 100m4528 During the Fall of 1967, CHARLES CABBAGE interested several young Carver High School students in southwest Memphis in the black power movement. Included in this group are two of his younger brothers, namely: VAN CABBAGE, born July 1, 1950, current residence 1731 Eenford, and RICHARD LAWRENCE CABBAGE, born December 20,1948, residence 1731 Benford, father IEVIN CABBAGE. many of this group refer to themselves as ?Invaders" and wear the .Word Invaders on their jackets. They are all a part of CHARLES CABBAGE's group. This group regularly meets at John B. Smith' apartment at 1644 Hanauer, Apartment 2, a A Memphis? -w 7? (r=17, 12/7/67) ., 7 1e On November 15,1967, one of the somcalled "Invaders" group, HARRY GIBBS, former Carver High School student, told one of the Carver teachers that this was a black power group led by CHARLES CABBAGE. He said that this group would stockpile weapons and would, if propitious, riot. He also stated thaV if any teacher failed any member of the group, this teacherQ could eXpect to be cut up and badly injured. GIBBS claimed that BONNIE DELANEY, Carver graduate; WILLIAM LEE HIBBLER, Carter graduate; and RICHARD CABBAGE, are the 1.eaders.=r (Ta18,12/7/67) Early in December, 1967, JAMES BOOTH, a nutive Memphian and recent Tennessee A and I State Univer31ty, Nashville, student, and CABBAGE were in the process or contacting 12 to 15 Memphis Negro business and professional men seeking financial support for their black power movement. They wanted to be funded in their operations with no questions asked. They apparently had little success in this regard. (ra19,12/14/67) The "Southern Patriot, issue of February, 1968, official publication of the Southern ConferenCe Educational. Fund,1nc., (SCEF), referred to JAEES MICKEY BOOTH as a SNCC leader in Nashville, Tennessee. This was in a pagewone story entitled, "Policemen Run Wild in Nashville' Ghetto." (A characterization of the SCEF is set forth in the A_ppendix Section.) 123- NH 3491 Page 34 NH 3491 ME 100m4528 On December 8, 1967, CHARLES CABBAGE MICKEY BOOTH, eelfuedmitted SNCO leader from Nashville who was ousted from Tennessee A and 1 State Gnivereity, Nashville, because he tried to form revolutionary movement along black power lines, contacted a highmranking Owen College official. BOOTH had been -e college roommate of Tennessee SNCC Chairman, FRED HORACE BROOKS, who has received nationwide publicity for his ?Hate White" views. BOOTH and CABBAGE commented that they went 1:0 bring the Memphis black power movement out from the undergroend end that in order to do so, they W111 need money, paper, printing supplies, .ntilizetien of long?d1etenee te1ephonee, funds for travel, and Post Office box. The alternate to th1e, they said, would be and disruptive tactics which they refueed to describe. 12/13/61) 45:32:? On December L. CABBAGE eommented that GGMES MICKEY BOOTH of Neehville had been in Memphis to help him organize a SNCC and black power unit and that he wee headed to Memphis State University to form a black power unit later on December 13,1967. (Tel, 12/13/67) As confirmation of the above, on December 12 and 13, 1961, Dr. JESSE PARRESH, Been oi Studente, Memphis State University, said th1t black power meetings were held on December 12 and 13, 1967, headed by MSU gredUete student FRED OLIVER HARDY and RONALD LEWIS 1M1, undergraduate. He stated that about 150 Negro students had shown an interest. He said MSU has about 15,000 students, with about 1,500 of this number being Negroes. Later on December 13, 1967, 1-12 advised that on the afternoon of December 13, 1967, he saw CABBAGE and two or three unidentified nonetudent Negroes on the MSU cempus. -Short1y prior to December 20, 1967, CABBAGE and JOHN SMITH sought to hold a black power meeting at Owen College during 1967AChr1etmee holidays to teach black liberatiOn and to teech other Negroes how to "beat the draft or Selective Ser-vice System.? Theytiid_not elaborate. -124=' Page 35 NH 3491 ME 1M9n4528 he of December, 1967, CABBAGE, JOHN B. SMITH, CLIFFORD LOUIS TAYLOR, WATSON FMLMER GMMTER, and their were - trying to use the Negro political group hall of the Shelby County Memeeratio Club for hlaok power meetinge and a black history eohool. 'Thie hall is located at 313 Meet Mohemore. They Mere halfway encouraged by A. M.MILL1S, JR., Negro, prominent Memphis attorney and member of the Tennessee State Legislature and unsuccessful candidate tor Mayer oi Memphis in the Memphis City Primary Election on October 6,1967. it appeared that MELLIS Mae either in sympathy with them or "half afraid of them." Other members of the club Vetoed the idea. He need this incipient black power group as his campaign workers in the Primaryo (Tle, 12/14/67) Al On December 16, 1967, CABBAGE commented that his. group was still email, that hie main problem was lack of, money, and that he might have to do something to "stir people" and Shock-them? into giving him financial support. not elaborate. *?3t7 (rue, 12/22/67) As of December 15,'1967, CABBAGE said he was trying to get STOKELY CARMICMAML or some other "big name" SMCC leader to Memphis to etiMulate interest in expanding his black power activities. . - (Tw1,12/19/67) As of December 28,1967, Manphie Confidential Informant TEZO said he has known CHARLES h. CABBAGE and JOHN B. SMITH for several years, and that beginning in the Summer of 1967, B. SMITH and CHARLES L. CABBAGE teamed up and began talking hlaok power with a lot of young Negroes in southwest Memphis, one of the largeet negro area of memphie. formerly attended Carver High School?where they played football together. SMETH has always had-?hero Morehip" for CABBAGE, who is rather articulate. In the'Summer-of began making etatemente to the effect that Negroes would have to make the white man squirm and that Memphis might have a race riot. In fairness, there has never been any talk by CABBAGE of obtaining arme, storing arms or ammunition or explosives or incendiary devices. In the Fall of 1967, SMITH forMed black power or black eapremaoy gronpe at Owen and LeMoyne'Colleae. 1251 DucId:5916T951 Page 36 EE 100m4528 CABBAGE has made several tripe to Atlanta, Georgia, in the Fall oi 1967, ostensibly to SECS headquarters. On one occasion, he returned with a lot of SNCC Literature and posters. CABBAGE has been driving a 1966 blue Mustang with Georgia licenee which he claims belongs to his Atlanta girl friend. CABBAGE and JOEE SEETE admittedly idolize STOKELY CARMICHAEL and H. RAP BROWN, as well as the late MALCOLM LITTLE. En Eecember 31, 1967, CHARLES L. spoke on black power at a meeting of the Unitarian Universaliet of Memphis (EEFDE) held at the King Cotton Hotel. He kept referring to whites as "honkiee." Dr. PETER COOPER, Economice Erofessor at LeEoyne College, took exception with CABBAGE and criticized CABBAGE and his followers for leed and dieparaging remarks which they had recently made on the LeMoyne campus. CABBAGE replied- that he. was merely a part or BOP and that he could net he reeponSible for all that his followers said or did. CABBAGE was heard to remark to at least one person present that he had been in Atlanta, prior to coming to Memphie in the Summer 01 196] that in Atlanta he had actively worked in the and that he had recently been on the ESE campus in an effort to organize a black power movement. In his speech CABBAGE called for a separate black nationalist state and claimed that his idol is the late EALCOLE LITTLE, former head of Muslim Eoscue, Inc., New York, New Eerk. (A characterization of the Enelim Mosque, eet forth in the Appendix Section.) CABBAGE oredicted that the Summer of 1968 will' ring numerous race riots in the United States, saying there is no other way to solve the Negro problem, other than through violence. He made an oblique reference to the draft, saying the draft board could not get him and he would not go into the Armed Forces. He claimed the capitalistic eociety in the United States supports racial segregation, completely dominating the Negro making the Negro its slave. He claimed the Federal Government is preparing concentration - camps in which to elace black power dissenters. He claimed EALCOLE LITTLE was the greatest man who ever lived. (Tu7, 12/31/67) is; NH 3491 Page if? NH 3491 100w4528 On January LOUIS TAYLOR, and othere not known: visited the Memphis State University oompus to hold whet CABBAGE referred to as his "first black power" forum. CABBAGE said he had developed some good rapport with young "white intellectuals" at MSU . who would work with him in building up a black power movement at MSU. CABBAGE said he no longer hes close ties with COMM VERNON SMITH ue CORY has moved away-from the "poverty class Negro" which CABBAGE and CLEFFORD TAYLOR are trying to reach. CABBAGE is attempting to develop Beale Street followers, agroup of unemployed Negro youths, who want to live by their Wits and who could easily be influenced by the emotional mouthings of one like CABBAG.E 1/9/63) On January 11,1968,u meeting oi the "Afton - . American Brotherhood, a name used by the SNOanriented group, was held in Room.25 at Owen College, a 450-student Negro junior college. CHARLES L. CABBAGE and JOHN BURRELL CL SMITH led the meeting. Their current Objective appears to be to unify Owen students into a drive against the Owen faculty 5? and administration. Rumor ebouuded at Owen College that during the 1967 Christmas holidays an unidentified black power 5 personality from Chicago come to Memphis to help CABBAGE and to tell him that it he did not become more successful he would be removed as a bleak power leader in Memphis. This group intermittently issues Mimeogreph throwuweys entitled, "Afroa American Brotherhood Speaks," subtitled, "Black Thesis," Which has aims to remove all white teachers from the Owen campus and which oastigates the school administration, demanding the teaching of more black history at Owen College. (1e14, 1/16/68) 1/16/63). On Janutry 12, 1968, Dr. JESSE PARRISH, Dean of Students, MSU, advised that on January 11, 1968, 'he- was visited by CHARLES L. CABBAGE, CLIFFORD LOMIS TAYLOR, WATSON PALMER SUMMER, ell moustudents, and by RONALD L. EVY: senior student at MSM, a mule Negro. CABBAGE was the spokesman.f He wanted to organize e.oleok student movement on the MSU campus. CABBAGE said his gmoup would model its activities after SNCC and in particular would follow end enunoiete the teeohiugs of SNCC chairmen, H. RAPVBROWN, and former SNCC chairmen, STOKELY CARMECHAEL. They were told that the only groups which could operate on the oempus were legitimate, chartered student organizations. . 1271 DucId:5916T951 Page 33 ns lUUm4528 On January 17, 1968, EDEN E. SMITH, an associate of CABBAGE, contacted a high official of the Owen College campus seeking official school recognition of the "Afro- Amerioan BrotherhOOd,? saying that if he could get it - recognised he could get funds from New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago. When queried as to the source of this alleged money, SMITH said that he and his group could get money from Students fer a Democratie Society (SUE). He refused 7 to e1ahorate. - (Tm9, 1/17/68) use On January PALMER GUNTEE, male Negro, 1749 Foster, Memphis, Tennessee, advised that he' and his wife, MAXINE RAMEY GUNTEE, moved to Memphis from Chicago, "Illinois, in August, 1967. He stated that they ,11? a not COBY VERNON SMETH, male negro, of 2240 Brown Avenue, with whom WATSON PALMER GUNEER had formerly been acquaintedx?? in Memphis. Through CORY, they met CABBAGE, who was organizing the black community, particularly in the obverty stricken 1 and uneducated areas. GUNTER claimed CABBAGE was merely interested .i-n uplifting the black community and that he formed a group called B1ack Organising Project (BOP) Which is obtaining a charter. - GUNTER disclaime? any knowledge as to income, saying he has not Worked since sugnst 31, 7 1967. GUNTER said he had attended NAACP grassroots workshops in the Fall of 1967 With CABBAGE and JOHN BURRELL SMITH when- they were asked to leave, after one of the group made statements that some NAACP peeple should not be surprised to see their homes burned by black power advocates if a. riot ?oecurred. On January 31, 1968, Mr and Mrs. EDWARD REED TAYLOR, SR., 2507 anteine Road, parents of EDWARD REED TAYLOR, JR., and CLEFEORD LOUIS TAYLOR, advised that they _have.become concerned regarding their two sons' association :with CHARLES L. CABBAGE and JOHN SMITH. They said they . ?have known SMITH end CABBAGE for years as they used to attend 1*fCerver High School with their sons and were then good NH 3491 ?yoang men. Both were excellent athletes. The TAYLORS .said they_knoe, through hearsay, that CABBAGE, JOHN B. SMITH and COEY VERNON SMITH, all had reputations of_advocating ?a violent and militant type or black power. @28- 1:1 . ?15? DucId:5916T951 Page 39 .ME 100:4528 As of Fehruary 3, 1968, and February 6,1968, CHARLES L. CABBAGE and JOHN BURRELL SMITH, both self? acclaimed SNCC leaders in Memphis, were trying to buy a house on Roanoke Street in Memphis to use as a joint residence and as headquarters for SNCC in Memphis. They wanted to start publishing a black power paper,and to get a chartered organization. They said they are already publishing a newsletter at Owen College celled "AfroeAnericnn Brotherhood.? (rel, 2/6/68)? During a sanitation workers strike rally at Mt. Pngah OMB Church, 2490 Park Avenue, Memphis, on the night of February 29,1968, representatives or the Memphis Police Department arrested two Negro photographers for 7Jr\ - jaywalking which nearly created a riot among the approximately five hundred Negroes present CHARLES CABBAGE and three oi his black power associates JOHN BURRELL SMITH, HARRENGTON, and CHARLES BALLARD said they wanted "action, ?1'4 They attended a policy nesting or the Memphis Interdenoninationel Ministerial Alliance immediately thereafter. CABBAGE admitted having attended some sort of SNCC meeting in Atlanta from February 22, 1968, until February 28,1968 At the ministers meeting, CABBAGE told the ministers his black power group needed noney,and a car, and ifttheynceuld obtain the money-end car, they could harass the working sanitation workers, coerce them, and intimidate then. The ministers turned down his offer, saying they were opposed to violence. CABBAGE accused the ministers, including his former mentor Reverend JAMES MORRIS LAWSON, JR., of "selling out. - (Tel, 2/29/68 and 3/1/63) 0n the night of March 5, 1968, at a mass rally in support of striking sanitation workers in Memphis, Tennessee, held in Temple AME Church, 280 Hernando, Memphis, CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE and some 40 of his followers, passed out a 5=page Mineograph pamphlet entitled, "ArroaAnericen Brotherhood Speaks, Black Thesis, Black Power." It criticized all of the Negro noderates,referring'to then as "Uncle Toms." it said white petrolnen petrol black neighborhoods for the purpose or cracking heads. It. said blacks are being drafted to fight a war 'which ?we have no stake in," and "We won't get anything out of it, if this country does win." It said izgi NH 3491 Page ME 100m4528 that "black brothers and sisters"v are being shot down in the streets of Detroit and Newark, and that the sanitation workers were Sprayed with Mace by the MeMphis Police Department (February 23, 1968). It said SNCC Chairman, H. RAP BROWN, is being.made the object.of American revenge and that "Because of his militant stand, his dedication to the tight for black liberation, white America is trying to do to him what it would like to do to the rest of the black people in this country. The ultimate price he will pay will be his lite. It added, "There isT?' presently occurring within this country the initial phases oi a black revolution." it praised riots or rebellions which have taken place in many United States cities within the past tire years. It said. "Black people in America are a suppressed- minority which has been exploited and misused for 400 years The black man has never been freed from slavery.? In referring to the current sanitation strike xx? involving 1,300 Negro workers, it claimed that The civil _rights tactics of '63' are not sufficient in the term of pressure on political structures and dealing -with the extreme violent reaction of city powers in this community. (2) In; The black masses as always have to assume the crippling blow- dealt the community when it is negotiated for over and by selfmappointed, partntine civil-rights and partetine preachers, NH 3491 who inevitably quit the struggle too?soon. in lead very few of the old line civil righters are.willing to accept the pressures of the time change and apply these to the resistance of their followers. Civil disobedience implies an entirely new set of priorities and reaponsibilities, the latter of which our 'leadership' can no longer accept. It derided the leadership being given in the strike by a group or Negro ministers (Memphis lnterdenoninational Ministerial Alliance). It said that instead or this "there must be some real fighting. We all know the preachers can't fight or wen't fight. It then contained a reprint of Letter from RAP BROWN in Prison," quoted as follows:: DucId:5916T951 Page 41 ME 100w4528 "Parish Prison New Orleans, La. 2/21/68 "Being a man is the continuing battle of one' lite and one loses a hit of mahhood with every stale compromise to the authority of any power in which one dees not believe. "he slave should die a natural death. AThere is poiht where eautiOn ends and cowardice begins. ?For every day I am imprisoned I will refuse both A food and water. My hunger is for the liberation 01 my people. My thirst is for the ending of oppression. am a political prisoner, jailed for my beliefswa that black people must he iree? The government has taken the position true to its fascist nature: Those who we cannot? convert we must silence. This government has become the enemy of mankind. tV? "Death can no longer alter our path to freedom. For our peOple, death has been the only known exit from slavery ?w and Oppression. We must Open others. A "Oar will to live must no longer supersede our will to fight, for our fighting will determine if our race shall live. To desire freedom is not enough. _"For every Orangeburg there must be 10 Detroits. For every MAX -STANFORD (head of the Revolutionary Action Movement) and HUEY NEWTON (head of Black Panther Society), there must he 10 dead racist cops, and for every black death there must be a Dien Bien Phu. "Brothers and sisters, and all oppressed people, you must prepare yourself both mentally and physically, for the major confrontation is yet to come. You must fight. It is the people who in the final analysis make and determine historyp not leaders or systems. The laws to-govern you-must be made by you. - 9? 1311' NH B491 Page 42 'ns lOOm4528 "May the deaths of '68 signal the beginning of the end of this country. 1 do what I most out of love for . my people. My will is to tight; resistance is not enough. Aggression is the order of the day. 'Nmerica: it it takes my death to organize my peOple against you, and to organize your jails to\revolt against you, and to revolt against you, and to organ1se your children, your God, your poor_, your country,and to 1 organize mankind to rejoice in your destruction and ruin, then here is-my life!/ But my soul belongs to my people. "Laisme Tushinda Mhilashaka. {We shall conquer without a doubt.), - . RAP Directly beneath this in the pamphlet wa9 a drawing captioned, "Molotov Cocktail, consist_ing of drawing of a bottle, with a plain rag set down inside the? nech into a liquid shown as gasoline. The bottOm of the bottle was shown to contain dirt or washing powder. The top of the .rag (wick) was shown as protruding from the top offthe neck of the bottle to be lighted. I . . - r1,? (Tel 3/6/68 and 3/7/68) On March 5,1968, CaptIain J. G. RAY, InSpectional Bureau, Memphis Police Department, advised that CHARLES L. CABBAGE, JOHN BURRELL SMITH, and about eight of their followers distributed cepies of the aboveareferredmto document This issue did not contain the Molotov cocktail drawing. On February 15, 1968, CLIFFORD LOUIS TAYLOR, male Negro, residing 2507 Fontaine Road, Memphis, Tennessee, was interviewed by SAs HOWELL S. LOWE and WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE. He recalled his recent trip to the FBI Office in Memphis with CHARLES L. CABBAGE and his interviewv along with CABBAGE, by SAs WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE and ORVILLEV . JOHNSON. TAYLOR readily admitted his strong belief in and i Support of black power in Memphis, the name of which he said is Blach Organizing Power (IROP). He said that he, along with CHARLES L. CABBAGE and JOHN BURRELL SMITH, are among the main leaders in Memphis and are a part of what he called the "Coordinating Committee" or "Governing Body." He said he was not at liberty to name others on this Coordinating Committee. c.3211 NH 3491 Page 43 NH 3491 ME 100a4528 TAYLOR, advised that the nor has as its. aims the following: . To teach Negro or black identity; To uplift blacks; To teadh Negro or black history; To improve black nhysical education and physical fitness; To stimulate black consciousness particularly among black college students 0? coco, TAYLOR stated this will be brought about through .seninars, personal contacts, and MimeOgraph or printed "throw? aways" which can be distributed. TAYLOR claimed 10 per cent of the Negro papulation in Memphis is ready to "explode" at any moment into disruptive riotous activity as they feel their situation of poverty, lack of -chanhe and lack of education, combines to put them in a hopeless situation to the point where they have deve10ped a mentaM outlook where "They have everything to gain and nothing to; lose by revolting." When questioned as to details and Specifics, he could not or would not furnish same. TAYLOR said that _Negro attorney A, WILLIS, JR., has helped the BOP draw up a charter and it is or has been chartered with the State of Tennessee in Nashville. When asked to see a copy, TAYLOR said he was not authorized to -exhibit same and that he would first have to get the permission of the ?Governing Body,"' He said the BOP is affiliated with SNCC but denied it is formally a SNCC chapter. He said that CHARLES L. CABBAGE who he claimed recently graduated from More? house College in Atlanta makes frequent. trips to Atlanta to SNCC headquarters and that, in fact, around the end of January, 1968, CABBAGE attended a big SNCC conference in Atlanta at which RON KARENGA, Man Man leader of Los Angeles, California, and STOKELY CARMICHAEL, former SNCC Chairman, were present. TAYLOR said that he was to have attended this conference but that his wife's mother died in Augusta, Georgia, 'and he had to go there, instead, for the funeral. He said that iron time to time SNCC personnel and other black nationalist leaders from "up North" cone through Memphis and contact BOP leaders. is? . 1331 DueId:5916T951 Page 44 an lOOm4528 q. TAYLOR advised that CABBAGE always brings multiple cepies of SNCC and hlaok power literature with him when he returns from his trips_ to Atlanta. He claimed that CABBAGE flew back from his last trip to Atlanta. He said CABBAGE has not worked since August 31, 1967, when he went off the payroll of the Memphis Area Project South (MAPS). He said that CABBAGE has a girl friend in Atlanta, Georgia, one ANN SOLAR, who is eanOyed by the Oitice hf Economic Opportunity (OED) in Atlanta. She allegedly makes about $750 a month and gives about half of ,,te.l this money to CABBAGE. In fact, TAYLOR stated that it was her blue Mustang which CABBAGE drove in Memphis in November and December, 1967. He drove it while ANN SOLAR attended a Special antipoverty school for several weeks at Vanderbilt University. - TAYLOR said there is a lot of talk about Negro revolt and that he and his BOP associates cannot be 'reSponsible for what other blacks may say. He said that CABBAGE has been threatened and may leave-.tonn as a?result, explaining that recently when CABBAGE went to Memphis State University to attempt to organize a black power movement, some white student on the Memphis State campus threatened CABBAGE with a gun. . TAYLOR admitted that when CABBAGE and his former associate, male Negro COBY VERNON SMITH, now a Southwestern College student, came to Memphis in late June or early July, 1967, that they made some intenperate statements such as that Memphis needed a good riot and should "burn.?. He said - they dii this to scare Memphians into realizing that inequities in the blac_k community needed correcting and that they really' did not mean to start a riot or to burn the city. TAYLOR claimed CABBAGE and the BOP are trying to help young unemployed Negroes get off the street and to get jobS. TAYLOR cited BONNIE BBLANBY, young male Negro, a Carver High School graduate, as an example. He said that the BOP got DBLANBY interested in BOP and educated him regarding his black identity and that he is now one of their most . devoted followers. He said that until CABBAGE came back to EH 3491 Page 45 .. . E. ?at. ME 100m4528 Memphis, JOHN BURRELL an Air Force'veteran and now an Owen College student, was "drinking up" all his money, whereas, through the influence of CABBAGE, JOHN BURRELL SMITH is now a devoted BOP leader, eSpecially on the Owen College campus. said that the "lntaders" is not a separate entity but that the word "Invaders" is merely a name adopted by JOHN SMITH, BONNIE DELANEY, and basic followers of CHARLES CABBAGE and 809.. A lot of young Negroes, he said, have put the letters tinvaders" on their jackets es a symbol. of their belief in black-pewer and their follo?ing-of the teachings of CHARLES ?x '4 TAYLOR said that me, his older tarot'her EDWARD TAYLOR, JR., CABBAGE and all went School in Memphis tagether, that they all played on the samQTfootball team, and that they all hed_a:great mut?alfresgect and affinity for each other; .7 - - . NH 3491 Page 45 I I . (Rev. 4-15-54) . BUREAU, OF INVESTIGATION 1 .JL - - d. - 'Date 1/11/68 ., Two male Negroes identifying themselves as CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE, residence 1924 Bile, Memphis, Tennessee, Telephone No, 942a3755, and CLIFFORD LOUIS TAYLOR, 2507 Fontaine, Memphis, TenneSsee, Telephone Number 948=4634, appeared in the Memphis, Tennessee, office of the FBI, 841 Federal Office Building. CABBAGE was the Spokesman. He stated his and TAYLOR's purpose in coming to the office was to complain of the fact that the FBI and Memphis Police Department had been making inquiries about them.and had been - interviewing some of their associates and that this was causing them to lose followers, supporters and financial . contributors, CABBAGE described himself as unemployed, L//claiming to be a 1967 graduate of Morehouse College, it, _-Atlanta, Georgia, and claiming to have a B.A. degree, said he is unemployed and is living with his parents%( CABBAGE then admitted that during the Summerxand Fall of 1967 he had made statements to the effect?thatn "Memphis should be burned" and that "Memphis should hays a good race riot.". He said he did not mean these5things, literally, but was saying them in an effort to Menphians into doing something to help financially impoverished Negroes.n He predicted, however, without offering any proof or stating any?hasis in fact, that Memphis could well have racial trouble. 'st\ and CABBAGE stated they are not formal members of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee., (SNCC), as for all practical purposes this group is mereiyn i la "paper'group." CABBAGE and TAYLOR said, however, thatdf they are great admirers of H. RAP BROWN, current national SNCC Chairman, CARMICHAEL, predecessor, and generally agreed with all publicly reported statements attributed to BROWN and CARMICHAEL. They would not elaborate, I CABBAGE said-he is the unofficial leader of ?e 1-. ?argaiiza?ion 6f blade militants arising in the community." mass ?F?e#??gmphis 100~4528 SAs ORVILLE v. JOHNSON and it. I lull. 7:3 mm Date dictated 1/ 5/ 68, This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the FBI. 'It is the property of the FBI and is loaned to your agency; 1t and Its contents are not to be distributed outside your agency. NH 3491 Page NH 3491 ME icomasas he talked in riddles and with oblique phrases such as ?me sent a pregramsatical approach to the pragrAms" and must take a problematical approach to the problem." He said his is a program of "self construction." CABBAGE added that he and his supporters, not further identified by name, Wcontact young black oats (male Negroes) to establish dialogue with them and to educate them as to their black heritage He said there is no Euch. thing as a Negro; that people of dark shia are?hlack peeple. CABBAGE claims to hope to establish in Memphis a Black Peoples' group such as PRIDE, lac., in Washington, D. C. CABBAGE and TAYLOR aere hohcoamittal as to their Specific and iuhdamehtal programs or teachings other than to claim they are forming a "militant black youth. CABBAGE berated what he termed as "old line . black leadership" personified, he said, by the NAACP and the 1., Urban League, claiming that these groups are a collective composite of "Uncle Toms. They are, he said, aligned with white liberals who give them financial support and they are thus beholden to the whites. He claimed the smart blacks 33* are now forming their own exclusively black financial. Po and political bases, with the result that such old line groups as the NAACP tend to thwart and alienate support which otherwise might go to the newer militant black power groups such as his. He said thereis a loose affiliation of black power groups all over the country. There are all "soul brothers" and they share common ideas, resources and programs, he said. He would not elaborate. CABBAGE and TAXLOR said they have organized black power groups at LeMoyne College, Owen College, and Memphis State University, all in Memphis, to work a politically and economically. They said they never go onto a college campus unless they are invited. CABBAGE and TAYLOR complained that the investiu gative interest shows by the ?31 in their activities was thwarting their efforts, that they were having difficulty in holding their followers, and that they would have difficulty, if they so chose, to ohtAin employment. Both wore' jackets with leather tongmlacing at the chest and neck area. CABBAGE wears his hair in a long natura1 Afro style. hair was shorter. 1371 DucId:5916T951 Page 43 HE 9n February 16, 1968, CHARLES CABBAGE velunteered te'SH? HQWELL S. LOWE and WILLIAM H. LAWRENCE thet he is the need of Bleek ergenlzetien in Memphis kneen ee Hlsek Greenteing Peter (BOP). He the Hedy et HOP es: Hegre female, residenee 2413 Gentry, Hemphis, z? Memphis Htete University: JQHH SHEHH, nele Hegee, 1644 Henaner, Apartment 2, Memphis, student, Owen College, Memphis; genes tnnene enemies, nele Hegee, 1592 Short. Street, student, Leneyne College, Memphis; net JHnensen, nele Hegre, >139? Beets Street, student, Leneyne CHARLES HHRHEHGTOH, nele Hegre, 2075 Rile Street, Student, Gwen Cellege; . H. male Hegre, residence 1836 Kenses, student, Leneyne Cellege; Hele Hegre, student, Heen Cellege; CURTIS CHRTEH, nele Hegre, residenee- 377 Best HeLemere, student, Leneyne Cellege. added tnet LOUIS is else a member ef the Geveening Hedy.end his brother, EDWARD REED is eleimed he, CABBAGE, is the impetus of tee Bleek nevenent in Henphis end that his main penpese is te stimulate, in yeeng Hegrees, sense at bleek identity, bleek pride, end black eensciensness, to create in the bleeke an independent spirit, te cease to be dependent neen end lntleeneed by the white race, He eletned He Has stimulated the develepnent ef Bleak Fewer units en three Memphis eellegeu,'nenely, the Black Student Hsseetetien (HSH at Memphis State University; the Bretheeneed et Gwen Cellege? and HOP et Cellege. "mesa RH 3491 DucId:5916T951 Page 49; 1 NH 3491 ME CABBAGE exhibited varieus Student Neanieient Seerdinating Geaaittee (SNSS) pesters and beekiets which, he said9 ne distributes-ts psespective feiiesers. ?ne 'aas a earicatnre ei Sncie San painting his-finger. it was cantiened, WSneie San Wants Yen, Nigger," and centained aarieus statements te shes the Segre that he sneuid not fight in Vietnam. inetner was see at speeches GARMIGHASLO GARBAGE said his have issued aasieus nineegrapned panpniets at Gwen, ana.1eneyne, and he states that in tne future a11 neuid eieariy shew thereen that they were being issued by ESP, nireEAnesican Bretneru need er Sines Student isseciatien. CABBAGE said he regu1as1y services these sampusV greens, giving them aid centert, guidance, and cennsel . but that they enerate independentiy at eaen ether, although they neip eaen ether and site each etner suppert, and- are a a part at the everma11 ESP. CABBAGE is new a chartered group and has ebtained a State Chartero- He eiainen net te hate a presentabie easy. as disciainea any adveeacy ei'tieience, except that necessary fer seii defense. He ciained they are being harassed and intimidated by unknean greups. CABBAGE eiained he is senstant1y by unknewn ferees nne annasent1y sent te step his er deter his activities. CABBAGE as nae spent the nerning of February 16 1968 en the MSU senses eennseiing and advising unidentified Segre stueents as tn new they could become active student 1eaders and _werk in the Student Genernnent isseciatien and create a black censcieusness 'en the campus. CABBAGE said his steep the teachings at SECS, STGKELY GASMJEGSASM 11.1%? (SECS Chairman) 3 ant said din net necessaaiiy exist as a tarsal SNCC unite He was evasive but did admit frequent trips to Atlanta? the natienai headquarters at SNCG. sags DucId:5916T951 Page ED NH 3491 ME 100m4528 1 . . MUSLIM mosque, INCORPORATED (nun The March 13, 1964, edition or "The.Nethork Times," a daily neWSpaper published in New York, New York, contained an article on page Zdiwhich indicated that MALCOLM (LITTLE), former national official of the Nation of Islam (NOI) who broke with the N01 on March 8, 1964, publicly announced in New York City on March 12, _1964, that he had formed the Muslim Mosque, IncorpOrated (MMI). The MMI, according to the article, would he a broadly based . politically oriented blach nationalist movement for Negroes only, financed by voluntary contributions. In this public statement, MALCOLM urged Negroes to abandon the doctrine. of nonviolence when it is necessary to defend themselves in the civil rights struggle, and he also suggested that Negroes form rifle clubs to protect their lives and property in time of emergencies in areas where the government is unable Or unwilling to protect them. Incorporation papers of the MNI filed on March 16, 1964, with the Business Section, Clerk of Courts, New York County, New York, New York, reflect that the MMI was incorporated under the Religious Corporation Law of the . State of New York to work for the imparting of the Islamic Faith and Islamic Religion in accordance with "accepted Islamic principals," the principal place of worship t0?? be located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York, New York. The May 23, l964, edition of the "New York Amsterdam News," a weekly Negro newSpaper published in New York City, contained an article by columnist JAMES ROCKER in which he indicated that he had heard that the visit by MALCOLM with Muslim leaders during his African tour has changed him to become more religious. On October 6, 1964, a confidential source advised that the MMI is apparently affiliated with the true orthodox Islamic Religion through its affiliation with the Islamic Foundation (of New York), 1 Riverside Drive, New York City. The only teachings of the MMI are on the Islamic Religion. - 14o; APPENDIX DucId:5916T951 Page 51 ME 100=4528 2 - APPENDIX EBSLIM MOSQUE, INCORPORATED (MMI) This confidential scarce advised on May 17, 1965, that the headquarters of the MMI are located in Suite 128, ,Hotel Theresa, 2090 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York, where they were established on March 16, 1964; ~These headquarters are shared with the Organization of Afroa American Unity also headed by MALCOLM X. MALCOLM was assaSSiaated on February 21, 1965, whika addressing an.OAAU-rally at the Audubon Ballroom, Boardway and 166th Street, New York-City. =41: - APPENDIX NH 3491 Page 52 NH 3491 1 Apprehng NATION 0F ISLAM Formerly Referred to as The Muslin Cult of slsn, also known as Muhamhed?s Temples of ISlnn -ln Jenusrys 1957? source advised Elijah Muhammad. has described his organization on nationwide basis as the vmatron of Isles" and ?Muhennes Temples of lslenoW 0n hey 5,1967 a second source edvisee Elijeh Muhammad is the netionnl lender of the Nation of Muhsnnas's Temple of Isles hen 2 5335 South Greenwood Avenue, Chicago9 is the national headquarters of the and in Iidm196? Muhammad and Other N01 officials, when referring to organization on nationwide basis, ?comhenced using either "Mosque" or "Temple" when mentioning one of "Mnhamned?s Tenples of lsleno" The N01 is an allmhegro organization which was originally organised in 1930 in Detroit Michigan, Muhammad claims to have heen selected by Allah, the Supreme Being, to -lend the soccelled Negro race out of slavery in the wilderness of Mesh America hy establishing an independent hleok nation in the United Shetesg Members following Muhammad's teachings- and his interpretation of the "Koren" believe there is no such thing as Negro; the Negroes ere slaves of the white race, referred to es "shite devils," in the United States; and the white race because of its exploitation of the somoelled Negroes, must and will be destroyed in the approaching "War of Armageddonq" In the pest? officials and members of the N01, including Muhammad? have reinsed to register under the pros visions of the Selective Service Aets end here'declared that members-owe no allegiance to the United StatesQ On May 59 1958, the first source adrised Muhammad had, upon advice or_legal counsel, tempered his personal state- ments and instruetions to his ministers concerning the principles of his organisation in order to avoid possible prosecution by ?the United States Government; however? he did not indicate any in the teachings Of his organisation. 42 DucId:5916T951 Page 53 NH 3491 3 APPENDIX NATIONMQF ISLAM On May 2 1966 a third sourc@ advised Muhammad had in early July: 1958: dacided to d?=?mphasize the religious aspects of the teachings @f Islam and to strass the economic benefits to be derived by those Negroes who ,joined the NOE This policy changeg according to Muhammad, would help him acquire additional followers and create more interest in his programs, APPENDIX 43 DucId:5916T951 Page 54 i APPEND IX _.ann, the, (scan); The Southern Contenenoe for human Welfare (SCHW) was cited as a Communist front by the House Committee on Unmimerioan Activities, onse Report 592, June 12, 1947. In the same house report, ?The Southern Patriot,? was cited as an "organ" of the SCHW, in amendment to the shatter of the SCHW dated April 26, 1946, changed its name to the Southern Conference Educational Fund, incorporated (SOME) and stated its purpose to be to improve the edneationai and cultural standards of the Southern people in accordance with the highest American democratic institutions, traditions and ideals. The masthead of the April, 1967, issue of "The Southern PatriotW indioates that it is the publication of SCEF, editorial and'bnwiness offices of which are located at 3210 West Broadway, Louisville Kentucky, Eastern Office of which is located at Suite 412, 799 Broadway, New York City, New York ?the senthenn Patriot". is published onoe eaoh month, exoept July, .The SCEF is stated to be dedioated to ending discrimination based on race, creed, color, sex, national ongin or economic condition. Cari Braden is identified as Executive Director of SCEF and Anne Braden as editor of ?The Southern Patriotb" Alberta sheen n, 9311 Payne Street, Louisville,- Kentnohv, a self. admitted former member of the Communist Party (GP), Louisville, Kentucky, testified on December 11, and 13,1954, in Jefferson Conntv, Kentnoky Criminal Court in a state sedition proseention against Cari James Braden She identified Cari Braden and his site, i.nne McCarty Braden, as having been known to her as nenbers of the GP from January, i951, to Ben ember, i954_ The SCEF is seiiadesenined as having deep roots in the South where it began as the educational wing of the organized in 1938 to work ion economic and political reform When the SCMW disbanded in the late 1940' s, SCEF 11H B491 Page 55 44 QPPENDIX NH 3491 :1 112111111); 11111111111111; (continued) continued as an independent eta? iaation8 tallying support for integration and dehootaoy and helping to stimulate and nurture new movemente oi the early 196?"en The SCEF maintained headquartete in honiaiana for twenty yeaneD but in 1966 moved its heaeqtattete to Kentucky? 1 source on Maroh h, 1961, that Claude Lightioota a Patty fonotionary, Stated at:a meeting of the Cohnu.niet Party in hai.tinore, Maryland8 on February 25,1961 that the Connhniet Party is not connected with any movement hat indireetiy they do have some influence in the SCEF 1 eeoond who is familiar with some phases of Communist Pa rty aot1n1ty 1n the New Orleans area advised on June 3 1966, that eating the time that the SCHW was in existence: nenhere oi the Conneniet Party were members of and worked actively in the however, since the formation 01 the SCEF, Connhniet Party members have not been encouraged to work in the SEEN. The eoetee etatea that the SCEF is a iihetai ethaniaationg nhieh he considers a Communist Party front otganieatign heeahee it has gone along with the Connoniet Party on eertain oartieolarly on the racial 1 third eootee on May 259 19659 that George Meyereg a Connaniet Patty tenotiohaty, .great admiration for Carl and Anne Btaeen and the SCEF, with which they are and the view that the SCEF is the heat otganiattion 1n the South as far as doing eiteotive work ie ooneetnee and that they have a better idea of what they are doing, where they are heading? and influence other organiaatione toe the hettet. The eeoone eouree on June 31 1966, that many people who are aha eupportere of the 666E9 while liberal in their no means Communists, I V. 4? 45 QEPENDIX DucId:5916T951 Page 55 '44 1 . APPENDEE STUMENTS FOR a oomoomaoio 9 TEETY Kong) The Students for a nemooraoio Society (835), as it is known today, ammo into boing at a founding convention held at Port Huron, Michigan in June 1962 The SDS is an association of young people on the loft and has a current program of protesting the draft, promoting a campaign for youth to develop a conscientious objector status, denouncing United States intervention in the war in Vietnam and to ?radically tranoform? the university oommoni?y, and_grov1de for its oomploto control by studootsa Gus Hall, General Secretary? Communist PartyE when interviewed by ag\ representative of United Press International in San FranciSooB California? on May 143 1965 described the SDS as a part of the "responsible 1e?t?vahioh. the Party has "going for o5? At the Juoe 1965, SDS National Conventionw no antim Communist proviso was removed from the SDS constitution In the October 7,1966 issue of ?Now Left Notes the official publicao.oo of $08 an SDS Spokesman stated that there are some oommoniots in SDS and thoy are welcome. The national headquarters of this organizafioo a3 of April 18, 19675 was located in Room 2059 1608 Moot Madison Street? Chicago, Illinoiso a, mac: QQNEHM ?in? Haggai NH 3491 Page STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE In Reply, Please were . Memphis? Tennessee meme 7, f' . March 25, 1968 >?m1tle: I CHARLES LAVERNE CABBAGE Character; SECURITY MATTER RACIAL MATTERS ?1 . Reference: - Report of SA WILLIAM H, LAWRENCE .. dated and captioned as above at Memphis, Tennessee . . . cw? A11 Sou-recs (except any listed belOw) wh6se identities. are concealed in referenced communication have furnished reliable information in the past. I This document contains neither recommendations nor conclusions of the RBI. It is the preperty of the FBI and is loaned to your agency; i-t and its contents are not to be dietributed outside your agenc yo RH 3491 DucId:5916T951 Pagef??6?