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.....................................................................
(Original Signature of Member)

116TH CONGRESS
1ST SESSION

H. RES. ll

Condemning anti-Semitism as hateful expressions of intolerance that are
contradictory to the values and aspirations that define the people of
the United States and condemning anti-Muslim discrimination and bigotry against minorities as hateful expressions of intolerance that are
contrary to the values and aspirations of the United States.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Ml. llllll submitted the following resolution; which was referred to
the Committee on lllllllllllllll

RESOLUTION
Condemning anti-Semitism as hateful expressions of intolerance that are contradictory to the values and aspirations
that define the people of the United States and condemning anti-Muslim discrimination and bigotry against
minorities as hateful expressions of intolerance that are
contrary to the values and aspirations of the United
States.
Whereas the first amendment to the Constitution established
the United States as a country committed to the principles of tolerance and religious freedom, and the 14th
amendment to the Constitution established equal protecg:\VHLC\030719\030719.092.xml
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tion of the laws as the heart of justice in the United
States;
Whereas adherence to these principles is vital to the progress
of the American people and the diverse communities and
religious groups of the United States;
Whereas whether from the political right, center, or left, bigotry, discrimination, oppression, racism, and imputations
of dual loyalty threaten American democracy and have no
place in American political discourse;
Whereas white supremacists in the United States have exploited and continue to exploit bigotry and weaponize
hate for political gain, targeting traditionally persecuted
peoples, including African Americans, Native Americans,
and other people of color, Jews, Muslims, Hindus, Sikhs,
immigrants, and others with verbal attacks, incitement,
and violence;
Whereas the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., taught that
persecution of any American is an assault on the rights
and freedoms of all Americans;
Whereas on August 11 and 12, 2017, self-identified neo-Confederates, white nationalists, neo-Nazis, and Ku Klux
Klansmen held white supremacist events in Charlottesville, Virginia, where they marched on a synagogue under
the Nazi swastika, engaged in racist and anti-Semitic
demonstrations and committed brutal and deadly violence
against peaceful Americans;
Whereas a white nationalist murdered nine African American
worshipers at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal
Church in Charleston, South Carolina, on the evening of
June 17, 2015, in the hopes of igniting a nationwide race
war;
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Whereas on October 27, 2018, the perpetrator of the deadliest attack on Jewish people in the history of the United
States killed 11 worshippers at the Tree of Life Synagogue building in Pittsburgh and reportedly stated that
he ‘‘wanted all Jews to die’’;
Whereas anti-Semitism is the centuries-old bigotry and form
of racism faced by Jewish people simply because they are
Jews;
Whereas in 2017 the Federal Bureau of Investigation reported a 37 percent increase in hate crimes against Jews
or Jewish institutions and found that attacks against
Jews or Jewish institutions made up 58.1 percent of all
religious-based hate crimes;
Whereas there is an urgent need to ensure the safety and security of Jewish communities, including synagogues,
schools, cemeteries, and other institutions;
Whereas Jews are the targets of anti-Semitic violence at even
higher rates in many other countries than they are in the
United States;
Whereas it is a foreign policy priority of the United States
to monitor and combat anti-Semitism abroad;
Whereas anti-Semitism includes blaming Jews as Jews when
things go wrong; calling for, aiding, or justifying the killing or harming of Jews in the name of a radical ideology
or extremist view of religion; or making mendacious, dehumanizing, demonizing, or stereotyped allegations about
Jews;
Whereas Jewish people are subject in the media and political
campaigns to numerous other dangerous anti-Semitic
myths as well, including that Jews control the United

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States Government or seek global, political, and financial
domination and that Jews are obsessed with money;
Whereas scapegoating and targeting of Jews in the United
States have persisted for many years, including by the
Ku Klux Klan, the America First Committee, and by
modern neo-Nazis;
Whereas accusing Jews of being more loyal to Israel or to the
Jewish community than to the United States constitutes
anti-Semitism because it suggests that Jewish citizens
cannot be patriotic Americans and trusted neighbors,
when Jews have loyally served our Nation every day since
its founding, whether in public or community life or military service;
Whereas accusations of dual loyalty generally have an insidious and pernicious history, including—
(1) the discriminatory incarceration of Americans of
Japanese descent during World War II on their basis of
race and alleged dual loyalty;
(2) the Dreyfus affair, when Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish French artillery captain, was falsely convicted of
passing secrets to Germany based on his Jewish background;
(3) when the loyalty of President John F. Kennedy
was questioned because of his Catholic faith; and
(4) the post-9/11 conditions faced by Muslim-Americans in the United States, including Islamophobia and
false and vicious attacks on and threats to Muslim-Americans for alleged association with terrorism;
Whereas anti-Muslim bigotry entails prejudicial attitudes towards Muslims and people who are perceived to be Muslim, including the irrational belief that Muslims are inherently violent, disloyal, and foreign;
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Whereas Muslims and people perceived to be Muslim are subjected to false and dangerous stereotypes and myths including unfair allegations that they sympathize with individuals who engage in violence or terror or support the
oppression of women, Jews, and other vulnerable communities;
Whereas in 2017, mosques were bombed in Bloomington,
Minnesota, and burned in Austin, Texas, Victoria, Texas,
Bellevue, Washington, and Thonotosassa, Florida, and
mass attacks on Muslim communities were planned
against communities in Islamberg, New York, in 2019,
Jacksonville, Florida, in 2017, and Garden City, Kansas,
in 2016;
Whereas the Federal Bureau of Investigation reported that
hate crimes against Muslims or Muslim institutions in
the United States increased by over 99 percent between
2014 and 2016;
Whereas attacks motivated by bigotry against those who are
Muslim or perceived to be Muslim have substantially increased since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks;
Whereas the violation of an individual’s civil rights based on
his or her actual or perceived membership in a particular
religious group clearly violates the Constitution and laws
of the United States; and
Whereas all Americans, including Jews, Muslims, and Christians and people of all faiths and no faith, have a stake
in fighting anti-Semitism, as all Americans have a stake
in fighting every form of bigotry and hatred against people based on religion, race, or place of birth and origin:
Now, therefore, be it
1

Resolved, That the House of Representatives—

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(1) rejects the perpetuation of anti-Semitic

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stereotypes in the United States and around the

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world, including the pernicious myth of dual loyalty

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and foreign allegiance, especially in the context of

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support for the United States-Israel alliance;

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(2) condemns anti-Semitic acts and statements

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as hateful expressions of intolerance that are con-

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tradictory to the values that define the people of the

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United States;

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(3) reaffirms its support for the mandate of the

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United States Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat

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Anti-Semitism as part of the broader policy priority

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of fostering international religious freedom and pro-

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tecting human rights all over the world;

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(4) rejects attempts to justify hatred or violent

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attacks as an acceptable expression of disapproval or

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frustration over political events in the Middle East

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or elsewhere;

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(5) acknowledges the harm suffered by Muslims

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and others from the harassment, discrimination, and

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violence that result from anti-Muslim bigotry;

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(6) condemns anti-Muslim discrimination and

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bigotry against all minorities as contrary to the val-

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ues of the United States;

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(7) condemns the death threats received by

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Jewish and Muslim Members of Congress, including

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in recent weeks;

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(8) encourages law enforcement and govern-

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ment officials to avoid conduct that raises the spec-

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ter of unconstitutional profiling against anyone be-

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cause of their race, religion, nationality, political, or

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particular social group, including the assignment of

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blame or targeting members of an entire religious

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group for increased suspicion, based on the conduct

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of a single individual or small group of individuals;

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and

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(9) encourages all public officials to confront

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the reality of anti-Semitism, Islamophobia, racism,

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and other forms of bigotry, as well as historical

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struggles against them, to ensure that the United

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States will live up to the transcendent principles of

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tolerance, religious freedom, and equal protection as

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embodied in the Declaration of Independence and

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the first and 14th amendments to the Constitution.

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