1. What is your professional relationship with Dr. Kang Zhang?
 2. When and where did Dr. Zhang disclose to UCSD or the NIH his role as the CEO and founder of the Guangzhou Kangrui Biological Pharmaceutical Technology Company in China? 
 3. When and where did Dr. Zhang disclose to UCSD or the NIH his involvement with Kangrui Bio’s affiliates, holding companies or subsidiaries – such as Guangzhou Huibairui Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd, YouHealth EyeTech, Inc., YouHealth AI Company, Ltd., YouHealth Biotech, Inc., Youhealth Oncotech Ltd., and Guangzhou Youze Biological Pharmaceutical Technology Co.?
 4. Did Dr. Zhang make UCSD aware of his involvement with Calcyte Therapeutics, Inc.? When and where? Was any of Calcyte’s research used by Kangrui Bio to develop new drugs or patents?
 5. When and where did Dr. Zhang disclose to UCSD his role as the deputy director of the Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory in China?
 6. Is Dr. Zhang involved in Kang Rui International, Ltd., registered in the Seychelles? If so, what is his role and what does the company do? 
 7. Why did Dr. Zhang incorporate YouHealth Oncotech in the Cayman Islands?
 8. What is YouHealth Ocutech and what if anything is Dr. Zhang’s relationship with the company?
 9. Is Dr. Zhang involved in any other companies not mentioned above?
 10. What was Dr. Zhang’s relationship with Narendra J. Patel?
 11. What is Dr. Zhang’s relationship with Rui Hou?
 12. What is Dr. Zhang’s relationship with Yongtai Hou?
 13. Did Dr. Zhang disclose to UCSD or the NIH his recruitment into China’s 1,000 Talents Program in 2010, or at any point thereafter? What were the terms of Dr. Zhang’s involvement with the 1,000 Talents Program? Was he compensated? Was he told to keep his involvement in the program undisclosed from UCSD and/ or other US institutions? Why does his involvement surface only in Mandarin websites and Chinese press coverage? Why is it not mentioned in his 2015 CV?
 14. Why did Dr. Zhang not disclose his affiliation with Guangzhou Kangrui Biological Pharmaceutical Technology Company, or declare any competing financial interests, in the following journal articles despite Kangrui Bio’s involvement as cited in the research? 
 ◦ “Lanosterol reverses protein aggregation in cataracts,” Nature, July 2015. ◦ “Transcription Factor PAX6 (Paired Box 6) Controls Limbal Stem Cell Lineage in Development and Disease,” The Journal of Biological Chemistry, August 2015. ◦ “P16INK4a Upregulation Mediated by SIX6 Defines Retinal Ganglion Cell Pathogenesis in Glaucoma,” Molecular Cell, September 2015. ◦ “Lens regeneration using endogenous stem cells with gain of visual function,” Nature, March 2016. 0 "Treatment of retinitis i mentosa due to MERTK mutations ocular sub- retinal in ection of adenc-asscciated vtrus gene vector. results of a phase I Human Genetics, March 2016. 0 "Genetic and envtronmental factors influence risk severity and of age-related macular degeneration," Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, September 2016. 15. Why did Dr. Zhang list his children as coauthors on research papers in the following journals? 0 "Noninvasive detection of fetal subchromosomal abnormalities by semi- conductor seguencing of maternal glasma Proceedings otthe Na- tional Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, November 2015. 0 "Clinical Experience of Non-Invasive Prenatal Chromosomal Aneuoloidy Testing in 190 277 Patient Samgles," Current MolecularMedicine, October 2016. 0 "Gene and mutation indegendent therapy via mediated cel- lular reprogramming in rod photoreceptors," Cell Research, April 2017. 0 methvlation markers for diaoncsis and prognosis of common can- fl," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ofAmen'ca, June 2017. 0 "Circulating tumour DNA methvlation markers for diagnosis and Droonosis of hegatocellular carcinoma," Nature Materials, October 2017. 0 "Identifyinq Medical Diaqncses and Treatable Diseases bv lmaqe-Based Deeg Learning," Cell, February 2018. 0 "Clinical agglications of retinal gene therapies," Precision Clinical Medi- cine, June 2018. 0 "Evaluation and accurate diagnoses of oediatric diseases using anificial intelligence," Nature Medicine, March 2019. 16. Why did Dr. Zhang list Jeffrey Rutgard as a coauthor in the aforementioned “Gene and mutation independent therapy via CRISPR-Cas9 mediated cellular reprogramming in rod photoreceptors” publication in Cell Research in April 2017? 
 17. Were any of Dr. Zhang’s China patents, whether as sole inventor or among his many companies, developed in any part with NIH funding?
 18. Does Dr. Zhang believe he has done anything wrong regarding nondisclosure, patent development, or any transfer of intellectual property to China? RE: Questions for Dr. Zhang Subject: RE: Questions for Dr. Zhang From: "Cunningham, Leo" Date: 7/2/19, 10I36 PM To: Brad Racino CC: Jill Castellano Mr. Racino,   Although you know this, since you asked, I am a lawyer with Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, and my firm has worked with Dr. Kang Zhang over several years on a variety of matters, primarily related to the potential commercialization of health improving technologies he and his collaborators have developed.   The questions you posed to Dr. Zhang cause us concern that you may be writing an article that will, intentionally or not, perpetuate a xenophobic and racist misconception that there is something improper about American scholars who were born in China cooperating with researchers in China.  There is not.  To the contrary, and particularly when it comes to biomedical research with the potential to reduce suffering and improve the health of all of earth’s inhabitants-- irrespective of political borders--such  cooperation is proper and beneficial for all.   The University of California at San Diego (“UCSD” or the “University”) recognized as much more than eight years ago when it entered  into a memorandum of understanding with Sichuan University’s affiliate, West China Hospital, to cooperate in connection with postgraduate training, academic exchange, and joint research projects. UCSD designated Dr. Zhang as the University’s liaison to facilitate that interaction.  Dr. Zhang’s affiliations with other Chinese academic institutions were widely disclosed, and his advisory role at the Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory was an extension of that inter-institutional relationship and required no formal disclosure.   Likewise, Dr. Zhang’s part-time affiliation with the Thousand Talents program was widely publicized but actually required no formal disclosure to anyone.  Your questions insinuate (again risking the perpetuation of a xenophobic and racist narrative) that the program was something nefarious and clandestine into which someone might be recruited as if it were a cult or 1 of 4 7/3/19, 11:28 AM RE: Questions for Dr. Zhang spy ring.  It was not--and was not perceived as such--by biomedical researchers like Dr. Zhang.     Dr. Zhang declined an offer to participate in the Thousand Talents program as a full-time member and never received payment from the Chinese government under the program.  Although Dr. Zhang was never formally inducted into the Thousand Talents program, his part-time membership as a Class B member of the program was recognized as part of his relationship with West China Hospital, affiliated with Sichuan University.  And, as mentioned above, the relationship with these Chinese institutions was not only widely disclosed but also encouraged by UCSD.  Any insinuation that it was hidden by “surface[ing] only” in Chinese would be misleading given that China has over 800 million internet users, more than 1.2 billion people speak Chinese, and--as you know--information about the program and any individual’s involvement was available to any American internet user.  To be clear, Dr. Zhang was never asked to conceal his involvement with the Thousand Talents program; he never did conceal his involvement; there was nothing improper about his involvement; and he had no reason to conceal his involvement.   With respect to Dr. Zhang’s involvement with the various companies you mention, most if not all, have been long known to UCSD because they were counterparties on licensing agreements with the University.  Additionally, decisions related to the corporate formation of these companies, including where to incorporate a given entity, were the result of consultation with professional advisors in order to take advantage of tax efficiencies, advantageous corporate formality rules, and/or low capital requirements.  These are all widely recognized and legitimate business purposes, and where utilized, were not intended to conceal information or engage in anything improper.  Moreover, one of the companies on which your questions seem to focus, Guangzhou KangRui Biological Pharmaceutical Technology (“KangRui”), was publicly traded in China, and detailed disclosures regarding, among others, the capitalization,  ownership and holdings of the company--including Dr. Zhang’s equity interest in KangRui--were publicly disseminated.   With respect to Dr. Zang’s identification of affiliations and co-authors in publications, he complied with relevant guidelines.  Dr. Kang’s affiliation with 2 of 4 7/3/19, 11:28 AM RE: Questions for Dr. Zhang KangRui was not disclosed in the articles you referenced because his role in those publications was not in his capacity as a representative of KangRui.  Of course, no secret was made of KangRui in those articles inasmuch as other authors’ relationships with the company were disclosed.   Similarly consistent with the guidelines, it was appropriate for Charlotte L. Zhang,  Edward D. Zhang, and Jeffrey Rutgard  to be listed as co-authors on the papers you cited because they had, in fact, contributed to the research for those articles while volunteering in Dr. Zhang’s lab. (Note that the Jeffrey Rutgard listed is the child of another ophthalmologist with the same name who was involved in legal issues unrelated to his son; the two should not be confused.)    Dr. Zhang rented from Narendra J. Patel so lived in a residence owned by him, and Narendra Patel’s daughter worked in Dr. Zhang’s lab.  Rui Hou is Dr. Zhang’s wife.  Yongtai Hou, no relation to Rui Hou, is a health care executive in China and may have had a role in a company affiliated with Dr. Zhang.   Dr. Zhang’s China patents were known to UCSD, had no commercial value, were not based on research that was the subject of an NIH grant, and neither they, nor anything else he did, constituted a transfer of intellectual property to China.    Dr. Zhang has now discussed the disclosure expectations at length with various components of UCSD, and his present understanding of those expectations is different from his prior understanding, and his disclosures would be different going forward.  However, even if he had disclosed the relationships you have identified, that should not have made any difference in the conduct of UCSD or the awarding of grants.   I believe that addresses your questions.  Due to the holiday and family vacation, I am going to be unavailable until July 8, but I would be happy to pursue any issues you may have upon my return.  And, given the complexities of these issues,  I request the opportunity to review your article before it is published.   Thanks. 3 of 4 7/3/19, 11:28 AM RE: Questions for Dr. Zhang   Leo     Leo Cunningham Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati 601 S. California Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94304 (650) 320-4573   From: Brad Racino [mailto:bradracino@inewsource.org] Sent: Friday, June 28, 2019 10:20 AM To: Cunningham, Leo Cc: Jill Castellano Subject: Questions for Dr. Zhang Good morning Mr. Cunningham, Please find our attached list of questions as we discussed last week. Our deadline for answers is end of day Tuesday, July 2. Also, please confirm your role (Question 1) with the understanding that all of these emails and discussions are on the record. Please confirm receipt of this email. My phone number is below if you have any questions or need clarification. Thank you in advance for your help. -Brad -BRAD RACINO Senior Reporter & Assistant Director inewsource.org c. (845) 553-4170 t. @bradracino Check out our 2018 annual report to see our most impactful stories, behind-the-scenes footage, and more! This email and any attachments thereto may contain private, confidential, and privileged material for the sole use of the intended recipient. Any review, copying, or distribution of this email (or any attachments thereto) by others is strictly prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please contact the sender immediately and permanently delete the original and any copies of this email and any attachments thereto. 4 of 4 7/3/19, 11:28 AM