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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF FLORIDA
Case No.__________________
APPLE INC.,
Plaintiff,
v.
CORELLIUM, LLC,
Defendant.
COMPLAINT AND DEMAND FOR JURY TRIAL
1.

Plaintiff Apple Inc. (“Apple”) brings this complaint against Corellium, LLC

(“Corellium”) for copyright infringement in violation of 17 U.S.C. § 501.
INTRODUCTION
2.

This is a straightforward case of infringement of highly valuable copyrighted

works. Corellium’s business is based entirely on commercializing the illegal replication of the
copyrighted operating system and applications that run on Apple’s iPhone, iPad, and other Apple
devices. The product Corellium offers is a “virtual” version of Apple mobile hardware products,
accessible to anyone with a web browser. Specifically, Corellium serves up what it touts as a
perfect digital facsimile of a broad range of Apple’s market-leading devices—recreating with
fastidious attention to detail not just the way the operating system and applications appear
visually to bona fide purchasers, but also the underlying computer code. Corellium does so with
no license or permission from Apple.
3.

Corellium’s conduct plainly infringes Apple’s copyrights. This is not a case in

which it is questionable or unclear whether the defendant reproduced the rights-owner’s works,
or more subtly, whether particular portions of the works that the defendant took are ultimately

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protected by federal copyright law. Instead, Corellium has simply copied everything: the code,
the graphical user interface, the icons—all of it, in exacting detail.
4.

Corellium explicitly markets its product as one that allows the creation of

“virtual” Apple devices. For a million dollars a year, Corellium will even deliver a “private”
installation of its product to any buyer. There is no basis for Corellium to be selling a product
that allows the creation of avowedly perfect replicas of Apple’s devices to anyone willing to pay.
5.

Although Corellium paints itself as providing a research tool for those trying to

discover security vulnerabilities and other flaws in Apple’s software, Corellium’s true goal is
profiting off its blatant infringement. Far from assisting in fixing vulnerabilities, Corellium
encourages its users to sell any discovered information on the open market to the highest bidder.
6.

Apple strongly supports good-faith security research on its platforms, and has

never pursued legal action against a security researcher. Not only does Apple publicly credit
researchers for reporting vulnerabilities, it has created several programs to facilitate such
research activity so that potential security flaws can be identified and corrected. Apple’s
programs include providing as much as $1 million per report through “bug bounty” programs.
Apple has also announced that it will provide custom versions of the iPhone to legitimate
security researchers to allow them to conduct research on Apple devices and software. These
efforts recognize the critical role that members of the security research community play in
Apple’s efforts to ensure its devices contain the most secure software and systems available.
7.

The purpose of this lawsuit is not to encumber good-faith security research, but to

bring an end to Corellium’s unlawful commercialization of Apple’s valuable copyrighted works.
Accordingly, Apple respectfully seeks an injunction, along with the other remedies described
below, to stop Corellium’s acts of naked copyright infringement.

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THE PARTIES
8.

Apple Inc. is a California corporation with its principal place of business at One

Apple Park Way, Cupertino, California 95014.
9.

On information and belief, Corellium, LLC is a limited liability company

registered in Delaware with its principal place of business at 630 George Bush Blvd., Delray
Beach, Florida 33483.
JURISDICTION AND VENUE
10.

Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1338(a), this Court has subject matter jurisdiction over

Apple’s claims for relief for violations of the federal copyright statute.
11.

This Court has personal jurisdiction over Corellium because it resides, maintains

offices, and conducts business in this State.
12.

Venue in this Court is proper under 28 U.S.C. § 1400(a). Corellium resides in

this District because its principal place of business is located in this District.
FACTS COMMON TO ALL CLAIMS FOR RELIEF
Apple’s Copyrighted Works
13.

Apple is a leading designer and manufacturer of mobile communication devices,

personal computers, and media devices. Apple sells a variety of related software, services,
accessories and third-party digital content and applications. Apple’s products and services
include iPhone®, Mac®, iPad®, Apple Watch®, AirPods®, AppleTV®, HomePod™, a
portfolio of consumer and professional software applications, iOS, iPadOS™, macOS®,
watchOS® and tvOS® operating systems, iCloud®, Apple Pay® and a variety of accessory,
service and support offerings. Apple sells and delivers digital content through the iTunes
Store®, App Store®, Mac App Store, TV App Store, Book Store and Apple Music®. Apple has

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created numerous innovative technologies that have changed the face of the computer and
telecommunications industries.
14.

One such technology is the iOS operating system. iOS comes pre-installed on

Apple mobile devices, including the iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. As the operating system for
these mobile devices, iOS is the technological foundation for software “application” programs
(or “apps”) that serve particular functions for end-users—from shopping to playing music and
beyond. Both Apple and third-party programmers write and develop apps that run on iOS.
15.

Apple has periodically created and released new versions of iOS to enhance the

functionality and security of the operating system and the devices it runs. Apple released the
latest major version of iOS, iOS 12, on September 17, 2018, to coincide with its release of the
latest versions of the iPhone—iPhone XS and iPhone XS Max (both of which Apple released on
September 21, 2018), and iPhone XR (which Apple released on October 26, 2018).
16.

Apple also pre-installs iTunes® on its iOS devices. Apple has continually

updated and released new versions of iTunes.
17.

In addition to an operating system and certain applications, Apple’s mobile

devices include a number of graphic design elements that Apple has created. These include
background wallpaper images, icons, and other features that make iOS and iTunes visually
attractive to consumers. These visual design elements (referred to here as “graphical user
interface elements,” or, more formally, “GUI Elements”) are critical to the appeal of Apple’s
products, and Apple continually updates them to account for design trends and changing tastes.
18.

Apple owns copyrights in (i) each version of iOS, (ii) each version of iTunes, and

(iii) the GUI Elements, including different versions of graphic icons and preinstalled background
wallpaper images. A list of copyright registrations for the works-in-suit is provided in Exhibit A.

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Apple registered all or virtually all of these copyrights with the U.S. Copyright Office either
prior to Corellium’s acts of infringement, or within three months of publication.
19.

Three additional features of Apple’s products are relevant to this action. First, in

the course of creating and upgrading its market-leading mobile devices, Apple has spent
significant resources developing elaborate security measures within iOS in order to protect its
customers’ data, including embedding security features in the hardware, firmware, and software
layers of iOS and the mobile products on which iOS is installed. To this day, Apple continues to
invest significant resources in researching and improving the security measures in its products.
20.

Second, Apple sells a service called the Apple Developer Program for $99 per

year. The Apple Developer Program provides third-party developers with access to a range of
Apple-created software development tools that allow the creation and testing of iOS apps. An
example is TestFlight®, a development tool which allows app developers to publish “beta”
versions of their apps to testers, who can then download and test the app for a limited period of
time.
21.

Third, Apple also distributes a software product called Xcode® that allows app

developers to create and test iOS apps. Among the features of Xcode is one called “Simulator,”
which gives an app developer the ability to test the app on a “virtual” iOS device. In addition,
Xcode makes it possible to test apps on actual physical Apple devices. Although Xcode is
provided without charge, use of the software requires agreement to specific and detailed terms
and conditions of use, including agreement not to use Xcode to “decompile, reverse engineer,
disassemble, attempt to derive the source code of, modify, decrypt, or create derivative works of”
Apple-created software.
22.

Through Apple’s massive investments and unparalleled innovation, iOS has

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become one of the most widely used and distributed mobile operating systems in the world.
Apple’s mobile products continue to lead the field, with billions of units sold.
Corellium’s Infringing Product
23.

Corellium has developed a product that creates exact digital replicas of Apple’s

iOS, iTunes, and GUI Elements (referred to here as the “Corellium Apple Product”), available
via either Corellium’s web-based platform or a privately installed, Corellium-provided platform. 1
24.

The sole function of the Corellium Apple Product is to enable the creation of

“virtual” iOS-operated devices, running unauthorized copies of iOS. Images and video of the
Corellium Apple Product available online unambiguously demonstrate Corellium’s blatant
copying of Apple’s copyrighted works. For example, the following images show, on the left, an
image of an iPhone X taken from Apple’s website, and on the right, a “virtual” iPhone X as
created within the Corellium Apple Product.

1

References to the “Corellium Apple Product” refer only to products that create virtual
versions of iOS-operated devices. This case does not raise claims regarding Corelliumcreated products that are based on other mobile operating systems.
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25.

Corellium openly admits that its product depends on copying of Apple’s

content—i.e., Apple’s copyrighted works. For instance, in January 2018, Corellium published a
post on its official Twitter account announcing the Corellium Apple Product, noting that the
product “enables us to run virtual iPhones in the cloud,” and features the ability to “[r]un any
version of iOS.”

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26.

In August 2019, Corellium specifically emphasized, at the international

cybersecurity Black Hat USA Conference, that the Corellium Apple Product is an exact copy of
Apple’s copyrighted works, designed specifically to allow researchers and hackers to research
and test their vulnerabilities, by “run[ing] real iOS – with real bugs that have real exploits.” In
other words, the Corellium Apple Product is designed to enable developers to find and exploit
flaws in iOS.

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27.

Corellium acts quickly to copy new versions of Apple’s copyrighted works

immediately after they are released. On September 27, 2018, within days of the announcement
Apple’s newest iPhone models (iPhone XR, iPhone XS, and iPhone XS Max), Corellium posted
on its official Twitter account that the Corellium Apple Product supported those new devices
with the newest version of the iOS operating system.

28.

Other images available online show the ease with which Corellium’s customers

can create new “virtual” iOS devices using the Corellium Apple Product. The following series
of images show the steps a user would take in the Corellium Apple Product to create a new
virtual iPhone X, with a fully functioning copy of iOS 12:

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A.

The Corellium Apple Product allows a user to pick a specific type of device to

create a virtual version of. The image below provides the option to copy an iPhone 7 Plus,
iPhone 8, iPhone 8 Plus, or iPhone X.

B.

Next, the user selects a version of iOS to install on the virtual device.

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C.

On information and belief, the Corellium Apple Product then downloads a copy of

the appropriate version of iOS from Apple’s servers and makes it available through Corellium’s
virtual environment.
D.

The Corellium Apple Product can then display to users, via Corellium’s web-based

platform or on a privately installed, Corellium-provided platform, a fully functioning, virtual
iPhone that looks identical to an actual iPhone.

29.

Once a user has created a “virtual” iPhone, the Corellium Apple Product allows a

user to make multiple copies of that virtual device, and thus multiple copies of the version of iOS
installed thereon. As a result, on information and belief, Corellium’s servers are hosting
numerous copies of iOS.
30.

On information and belief, the “virtual” iOS devices created by Corellium include

fully functioning versions of iOS and iTunes.

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31.

Far from being a product whose uses are limited to those with some salutary

purpose, Corellium’s knock-offs, according to a February 2018 Forbes article, allow customers
to try “whatever they want,” without regard to whether such activities are benign or malicious,
on a virtual version of Apple’s devices. 2 That article was evidently based on interviews with
Corellium’s founders, Amanda Gorton, Chris Wade, and David Wang, and demonstrations of the
Corellium Apple Product.
32.

According to the Forbes article, Ms. Gorton demonstrated that a “virtual” iPhone

6—that is, a full reproduction of Apple’s iOS, iTunes, and GUI Elements—could be created “in
a matter of minutes” using the Corellium Apple Product. The Forbes article also noted that the
product can make virtual copies of “almost all iOS devices currently on the market.”
33.

The Forbes article, and a separate article in Motherboard from the same month,

both described a company called Azimuth Security as Corellium’s “first customer.” The
Motherboard article reported that Azimuth sells a range of tools that exploit flaws in software.
Azimuth’s customers reportedly include foreign governments, including foreign intelligence
agencies. 3 Another Motherboard article from March 2019 described Corellium as “a startup that
sells a product that allows users to create virtual instances of almost any iOS device in the

2

Thomas Brewster, This Super Stealth Startup Built An Apple Hacker’s Paradise, Forbes
(Feb. 15, 2018), https://www.forbes.com/sites/thomasbrewster/
2018/02/15/corellium-virtual-apple-iphones-for-hacking/#343d11b94a3b.

3

Joseph Cox and Lorenzo Franceschi-Bicchierai, How A Tiny Startup Became The Most
Important Hacking Shop You’ve Never Heard Of, Motherboard Vice (Feb. 7, 2018),
https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/8xdayg/iphone-zero-days-inside-azimuthsecurity.
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world,” and reports that Mr. Wade “has gotten his hands on” Apple-internal development
iPhones. 4
34.

In July 2018, Mr. Wade posted on his Twitter account that the Corellium Apple

Product would be available for use at two training courses held at the Black Hat USA
Conference in August 2018: one titled “Offensive Mobile Exploitation & Reversing,” and the
other, “The Mobile Application Hacker’s Handbook: Live Edition.” Mr. Wade’s tweet was
retweeted by Corellium’s official Twitter account.

35.

In September 2018, Mr. Wade appeared on a podcast called “Risky Business” that

described the Corellium Apple Product as being marketed to the developers of software
“exploits”—that is, developers of code intended to exploit flaws in a third-party digital product.
During the podcast, Mr. Wade observed that, if anyone is able to develop a particular type of
exploit of iOS 12, “they might want to keep it to themselves, because it will be worth a lot of
money to a lot of people.”
36.

On information and belief, the very next month, at the Tencent Security

Conference, Mr. Wade stated that, for $1 million per year, entities will be able to license private

4

Lorenzo Franceschi-Bicchierai, The Prototype iPhones That Hackers Use to Research
Apple’s Most Sensitive Code, Motherboard Vice (Mar. 6, 2019),
https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/gyakgw/the-prototype-dev-fused-iphones-thathackers-use-to-research-apple-zero-days.
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installations of the Corellium Apple Product. This entails installing a full version of the
Corellium Apple Product on a customer’s premises, rather than simply giving the customer
access to Corellium’s own cloud-based product. Such private installations of the Corellium
Apple Product copy, modify, and display Apple’s copyrighted works.
37.

On January 22, 2019, Corellium took its public communications about its

flagrantly illegal activities even further, announcing on its official Twitter account that it was
offering “on-site solutions” as an alternative to purchasing “jailbroken iPhones on eBay.”

38.

On April 1, 2019, Corellium again highlighted the unlawful ends to which its

product is aimed by publicly acknowledging that it had given access to its platform to the
developers of an iOS exploit called “unc0ver,” so the developers could test the exploit “on any
device running any firmware.” Within weeks, those developers released a new exploit of
iOS 12. 5

5

Github, v3.0.0 Release, posted by pwn20wndstuff, https://github.com/pwn20wndstuff/
Undecimus/releases (April 19, 2019).
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39.

On information and belief, Corellium makes no effort whatsoever to confine use

of its product to good-faith research and testing of iOS. Nor does Corellium require its users to
disclose any software bugs they find to Apple, so that Apple may correct them. Instead,
Corellium is selling a product for profit, using unauthorized copies of Apple’s proprietary
software, that it avowedly intends to be used for any purpose, without limitation, including for
the sale of software exploits on the open market. 6
40.

Corellium’s founders publicly recognize the significant commercial opportunity

embodied by the Corellium Apple Product. For instance, in August 2019, after Apple announced
that it will offer custom devices lacking certain security measures to invited and trusted security
researchers, 7 Mr. Wade noted the “serious cloud services revenue” Apple could capture, but then
said “[it] chooses instead to build custom devices for a select few.” This is an open

6

In one tweet, Mr. Wade responded to an announcement by a company offering a $2
million dollar bounty for “remote iOS jailbreaks” by suggesting that users try the
Corellium Apple Product to find such bugs. @cmwdotme, Twitter (Jan. 7, 2018,
7:10 AM), https://twitter.com/cmwdotme/status/1082293278840508416.
7

Andy Greenberg, Apple Gives Hackers A Special iPhone—and A Bigger Bug Bounty,
Wired (Aug. 8, 2019), https://www.wired.com/story/apple-hacker-iphone-bug-bountymacos/.
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acknowledgment that a cloud-based product like Corellium’s will compete directly with the
custom devices that Apple plans to distribute to security researchers.

41.

Enough is enough. Apple did not and has not licensed or otherwise authorized

Corellium to use Apple’s copyrighted works in the creation of, or as part of, the Corellium Apple
Product.
Corellium’s Acts of Copyright Infringement
42.

Through its Corellium Apple Product, Corellium has engaged in and is engaging

in the following acts of copyright infringement in violation of the Copyright Act, 17 U.S.C.
§ 501:
A.

Corellium has created and is creating and distributing reproductions of, and is

creating derivative works based upon, Apple’s iOS, iTunes, and GUI Elements, each of which
are separate, independent protected works under the Copyright Act.
B.

Corellium has publicly displayed and is publicly displaying Apple’s GUI Elements.

C.

Corellium has and is continuing to induce, cause, and/or materially contribute to

Corellium users’ own acts of direct copyright infringement of Apple’s copyrights in iOS, iTunes,
and the GUI Elements. Corellium contributorily infringed and continues to contributorily
infringe Apple’s copyrights by providing its users with access to the Corellium Apple Product,
including by selling private installations of the Corellium Apple Product that allow users to
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create virtual Apple devices on hardware that they control. Corellium also induced and
continues to induce acts of direct copyright infringement by promoting and encouraging the use
of the Corellium Apple Product to infringe Apple’s copyrights.
43.

Corellium has no plausible defense to these acts of copyright infringement. On

information and belief, Corellium is indiscriminately marketing the Corellium Apple Product to
any customer, including foreign governments and commercial enterprises. Corellium is not
selectively limiting its customers to only those with some socially beneficial purpose and/or
those who promise to use Apple’s copyrighted works, through the Corellium Apple Product,
only in lawful ways (though it is highly doubtful whether, under the circumstances, such uses
actually exist). Instead, Corellium is simply unleashing Apple’s copyrighted works for the
world-at-large to use, period.
44.

Corellium’s purpose is plainly commercial. The Apple works whose copyrights

Corellium is infringing are exceptionally creative. Corellium is using them wholesale, in full.
And in so doing, it is harming the market for Apple’s copyrighted works in a variety of respects,
including without limitation by making certain such works freely available in a manner in which
they are otherwise accessible to developers only through the Apple Developer Program or by
entering into agreements with Apple.
FIRST CLAIM FOR RELIEF
Direct Federal Copyright Infringement (Computer Programs), 17 U.S.C. § 501
45.

Apple realleges and incorporates by reference each of the allegations in preceding

paragraphs 1-44 set forth above.
46.

Apple owns, and at all times has owned, valid and enforceable copyrights in all of

its computer programs, including each individual version of iOS and iTunes, all of which are
creative works of original authorship.
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47.

Apple holds valid certificates of copyright registration from the U.S. Copyright

Office for those computer programs that Corellium has infringed and continues to infringe for
which Apple seeks relief in this action at present; the copyright registrations are identified, dated,
and numbered in Exhibit A.
48.

Corellium does not have authorization, license, or permission from Apple to

reproduce, distribute, or create derivative works from, any of Apple’s computer programs,
whether as part of the Corellium Apple Product or any other similar use.
49.

Corellium is not authorized by law to engage in the acts alleged above.

50.

Through the acts alleged above, Corellium has violated, and is continuing to

violate, Apple’s exclusive rights in its computer programs to reproduce, distribute, and make
derivative works from, iOS and iTunes, in violation of 17 U.S.C. §§ 106 and 501.
51.

On information and belief, when developing, adopting, and marketing its services

and the Corellium Apple Product, Corellium was and remains aware that each version of iOS and
of each version of iTunes are protected by copyright, or acted and is acting in reckless disregard
of the possibility that it was infringing and continues to infringe those copyrights. It is clear
from Corellium’s marketing materials that Corellium purposefully copied and continues to copy
Apple’s copyrighted versions of iOS and iTunes into the Corellium Apple Product. Thus,
Corellium’s violations of Apple’s exclusive rights in its computer programs were and continue to
be knowing, intentional, and willful.
SECOND CLAIM FOR RELIEF
Direct Federal Copyright Infringement
(Graphical User Interface Elements), 17 U.S.C. § 501
52.

Apple realleges and incorporates by reference all of the factual allegations set

forth in preceding paragraphs 1-44 set forth above.

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53.

Apple owns, and at all times has owned, valid and enforceable copyrights in the

works of visual art embodied in the GUI Elements, including the graphic icons, preinstalled
background wallpaper images, and all other aspects of the graphical user interface of iOS and
iTunes, all of which are creative works of original authorship.
54.

Apple holds valid certificates of copyright registration from the U.S. Copyright

Office for those background wallpaper images, icons, and other graphic elements that Corellium
has infringed and continues to infringe for which Apple seeks relief in this action at present. The
copyright registrations are identified, dated, and numbered in Exhibit A.
55.

Corellium does not have authorization, license, or permission from Apple to

reproduce, distribute, or publicly display the GUI Elements.
56.

Corellium is not authorized by law to engage in the acts alleged above.

57.

Through the acts alleged above, Corellium has violated, and is continuing to

violate, Apple’s exclusive rights in its works of visual art to reproduce, distribute, and publicly
display the GUI Elements in violation of 17 U.S.C. §§ 106 and 501.
58.

On information and belief, when developing, adopting, and marketing its services

and the Corellium Apple Product, Corellium was and remains aware that the GUI Elements are
protected by copyright, or acted and is acting in reckless disregard of the possibility that it is
infringing those copyrights. It is clear from Corellium’s marketing materials that Corellium
purposely copied and continues to copy Apple’s works of visual art in the Corellium Apple
Product. Thus, Corellium’s violations of Apple’s exclusive rights in the GUI Elements were and
continue to be knowing, intentional, and willful.

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THIRD CLAIM FOR RELIEF
Contributory Federal Copyright Infringement, 17 U.S.C. § 501
59.

Apple realleges and incorporates by reference all of the factual allegations set

forth in preceding paragraphs 1-44 set forth above.
60.

Apple owns, and at all times has owned, valid and enforceable copyrights in all of

its computer programs, including each individual version of iOS and iTunes, and the works of
visual art embodied in the GUI Elements, including the graphic icons, preinstalled background
wallpaper images, and all other aspects of the graphical user interface of iOS and iTunes. Apple
holds valid certificates of copyright registration from the U.S. Copyright Office for all of the
works at issue. The copyright registrations are identified, dated, and numbered in Exhibit A.
61.

Users of the Corellium Apple Product (including those who purchase and use

private installations of the Corellium Apple Product) do not have authorization, license, or
permission from Apple to reproduce, distribute, create derivative works from, or publicly display
any of Apple’s computer programs or works of visual art.
62.

Through the acts alleged above, users of the Corellium Apple Product are

engaged in acts of direct copyright infringement by reproducing, distributing, making derivative
works from, and publicly displaying Apple’s computer programs and works of visual art.
63.

On information and belief, when developing, adopting, and marketing the

Corellium Apple Product, Corellium was and remains aware, or willfully blind, that use of that
product would result in the infringement of Apple’s copyrights.
64.

Through the acts alleged above, Corellium knowingly induced, caused, and/or

materially contributed to, and continues to induce, cause, and/or materially contribute to, the acts
of direct infringement by its users, including by distributing and providing access to the

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Corellium Apple Product with the object of promoting its use to infringe Apple’s copyrights.
Accordingly, Corellium is liable for contributory copyright infringement.
PRAYER
WHEREFORE, Apple prays for the following relief:
A.

A permanent injunction ordering Corellium, and its officers, directors, members,

agents, servants, employees, and attorneys, and all other persons acting in concert or
participating with it, who receive actual notice of the injunction order by personal or other
service, to do the following:
1.

Cease all acts of direct and contributory copyright infringement related to iOS,

iTunes, or any GUI Element;
2.

Cease any marketing, sale, or other distribution of the Corellium Apple Product;

3.

Cease all uses of the Corellium Apple Product;

4.

Terminate all third-party access to the Corellium Apple Product;

5.

Issue a notification to all past and present customers of the Corellium Apple

Product, stating that use of the Corellium Apple Product infringes Apple’s copyrights.
B.

A permanent injunction that includes all terms necessary to prevent and restrain

infringement of Apple’s copyrighted works. 17 U.S.C. § 502(a).
C.

An order directing Corellium to return Apple’s intellectual property, including,

without limitation, all copyrighted software and works of visual art that Corellium took from
Apple, as set forth in this Complaint.
D.

An order impounding or destroying all infringing materials pursuant to 17 U.S.C.

E.

An order awarding Apple actual damages and lost profits pursuant to 17 U.S.C.

§ 503.

§ 504(b), or in the alternative, statutory damages pursuant to 17 U.S.C. § 504(c).
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F.

An order awarding full costs and attorney’s fees.

G.

An order awarding Apple such other relief as the Court deems appropriate.
JURY DEMAND

Pursuant to Rule 38 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Plaintiff hereby demands a
trial by jury.

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Dated: August 15, 2019

Respectfully submitted,
By:

/s/ Martin B. Goldberg
Martin B. Goldberg
Florida Bar No. 0827029
mgoldberg@lashgoldberg.com
rdiaz@lashgoldberg.com
LASH & GOLDBERG LLP
100 Southeast Second Street
Miami, FL 33131
(305) 347-4040 / (305) 347-4050 Fax
Kathryn Ruemmler*
kathryn.ruemmler@lw.com
Sarang Vijay Damle*
sy.damle@lw.com
Elana Nightingale Dawson*
elana.nightingaledawson@lw.com
LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
555 Eleventh Street NW, Suite 1000
Washington, DC 20004
(202) 637-2200 / (202) 637-2201 Fax
Andrew M. Gass*
andrew.gass@lw.com
LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
505 Montgomery Street, Suite 2000
San Francisco, CA 94111
(415) 391-0600 / (415) 395-8095 Fax
Jessica Stebbins Bina*
jessica.stebbinsbina@lw.com
LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
10250 Constellation Blvd., Suite 1100
Los Angeles, CA 90067
(424) 653-5500 / (424) 653-5501 Fax
*pro hac vice applications to be submitted
Attorneys for Plaintiff
APPLE INC.

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