1?19.33 saw .30 a? ?rm 703 m3? 39?er mo? ?70 30: .2305 359 mi o? 9: 03 mam mmolm. d r a w r o F y a W A T “YES” OR “NO” OF THE TM A ND YO BE IS ON TI TA EN THIS PRES HAWAI‘I’S PEOPLE TO COME NG KI AS T OU AB IS IS TH PROJECT. OD WAY. TO GO FORWARD IN A GO TH PA A NG DI FIN D AN ER TOGETH al Hawaiian gave birth to a phenomen a leÿ kü Hö the s, ar ye nt ce In re to discover, ing the Hawaiians’ desire nit -ig re , ce an iss na re l ra cultu of the wisdom ntiers; with this, the pride fro w ne re plo ex d an ow gr s. and courage of their elder rkable ea has added to this rema ide In recent months, Maunak waiians’ identity and the pr Ha the , ce an iss na re l ra ltu the Hawaiian cu verence and sacredness for re the s, thi th wi n; iia wa of being Ha total environment. ding a comprehensive understan th wi ted ra eg int lly tfu ec sp When re ch a lture, astronomy can be su cu n iia wa Ha d an ea ak un of Ma wai‘i. formational changes in Ha ns tra d an ive sit po for yst catal akened eamers, innovators, and aw dr of ip rsh de lea the r de Un t only Maunakea issues, no for e ag er lev the be n ca community, this past to make us a better of gs on wr s es dr ad d an d but to understan people and place.- Mayor Harry Kim, 2019 1 GOVERNANCE 1978 Rights of Native Hawaiians ~ Constitutional amendment recognizes customary and traditional rights of Native Hawaiians. 1978 Office of Hawaiian Affairs ~ Constitutional amendment creates the Office of Hawaiian Affairs to begin to right extensive wrongs suffered by the indigenous people of Hawaiÿi and rebuild the Hawaiian nation through a public trust. 1986 Aloha Spirit Law ~ The Legislature enacts the Aloha Spirit Law, authored by Aunty Pilahi Paki, to preserve the essence of Hawaiian culture, and to set examples for kindness, unity, humility and patience to the world. 1993 Apology Resolution ~ Congress and President Bill Clinton acknowledge the United States’ role in the illegal overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaiÿi in 1893 and that the Native Hawaiian people have never abandoned claims to sovereignty of their lands; thus, furthering the momentum of the Hawaiian sovereignty movement. 2 LANGUAGE AND EDUCATION LANGUAGE AND EDUCATION 1978 2006 ÿImiloa Astronomy Center ~ As part of the University of Hawaiÿi at Hilo, 2007 Hawaiÿinuiäkea School of Hawaiian Knowledge ~ Starting in 1970 as a Hawaiian Studies option in Liberal Studies that has grown to the nation’s only indigenous college in a research institution, approved by the Board of Regents in 2007, the school offers bachelors and masters degrees to “pursue, perpetuate, reach and revitalize all areas and forms of Hawaiian knowledge. The college includes Kamakaküokalani Hawaiian Studies Program, Kawaihuelani Center for Hawaiian Language, Ka Papa Loÿi O Känewai Cultural Garden, and Native Hawaiian Student Services. The services program supports an estimated 2,600 Hawaiian students annually, the largest body of indigenous students in any post-secondary educational institution in the world. language; today, it is one of two states to give indigenous languages the same status as English. (Alaska being the second state) 1986 Hawaiian Studies Program ~ The University of Hawaiÿi at Mänoa and 1987 Ka Papahana Kaiapuni ~ The State Department of Education creates the K-12 Ka Papahana Kaiapuni Hawaiÿi Language Immersion Program for public and charter schools, complementing the Pünana Leo Hawaiian language private preschools, to ensure keiki are raised with ÿÖlelo Hawaiÿi and can teach future generations. The program has grown from an enrollment of 152 in 1990 to 3,100 in 2017, graduating 21 successive classes of students through 2019. 1997 Ka Haka ÿUla O Keÿelikölani ~ To revitalize Hawaiian language and culture, 1997 2003 3 Hawaiian Language ~ State Constitution recognizes Hawaiian as an official Hilo offers world-class, innovative programs, including undergraduate and graduate degrees, in Hawaiian Language to perpetuate the culture and result in fluent Hawaiian language speakers who are committed to - and live - the Hawaiian culture. The Hawaiian Language program also offers certificate programs. UH-Hilo establishes the Ka Haka ÿUla O Keÿelikölani College of Hawaiian Language, the only school focused on indigenous language at a comprehensive public university. This enables UH-Hilo to provide not only bachelors and masters programs in Hawaiian Studies and language, but a world-leading PhD program that has positioned UH-Hilo as a global leader in indigenous language revitalization efforts for the world. Ka Haka ÿUla has also taken on a leadership role in preparing teachers for Hawaiian Immersion schools across the islands. Ka Huli Ao Center For Excellence In Native Hawaiian Law ~ The UH Law School establishes an academic center that promotes education, scholarship, community outreach and collaboration on issues of law, culture and justice for Native Hawaiians and other Pacific and Indigenous peoples. The John A. Burns School of Medicine at UH Mänoa ~ Establishes the Department of Native Hawaiian Health to develop a comprehensive program to improve the healthcare status of Native Hawaiians, including through the Native Hawaiian Center of Excellence and the ÿImi Hoÿöla Program. ÿImiloa brings together members of the Hawaiian and astronomy communities to share a common vision for the future, bringing information about cultural and natural history of Maunakea each year to 66,000 students, teachers, local residents and visitors from around the world. CULTURE 1964 Merrie Monarch ~ The County of Hawaiÿi establishes the Merrie Monarch Festival to acknowledge Hawaÿi’s unique culture and to celebrate hula. Dottie Thompson, Director of Parks and Recreation, was appointed to lead the development of the festival. The Merrie Monarch Festival is now a world-class event showcasing the Hawaiian culture and celebrating hula. 1990 Island Burial Councils ~ In response to the desecration and disregard 1990 Kahoÿolawe Island Reserve Commission ~ Following bombing and 2018 Year of the Hawaiian Proclamation ~ In recognition of the growing renaissance of the Native Hawaiian culture, the Governor proclaimed 2018 as the Year of the Hawaiian. The proclamation asks “the people of the Aloha State to join us in understanding the value of Native Hawaiian cultural practices and recognize the Native Hawaiians for their achievements and contributions.” of Hawaiian burials, the State Legislature creates the Island Burial Council system to care for ancestral remains of Native Hawaiian burial sites in a respectful and appropriate manner. decades of inappropriate land use, the State Legislature establishes the Kahoÿolawe Island Reserve Commission to restore native ecosystems and manage the Kahoÿolawe Island Reserve in trust, pending a future Native Hawaiian sovereign entity assuming authority. 4 Issues of Astronomy on Maunakea POOR MANAGEMENT “Too many telescopes” The cumulative impacts of observatory development on the mountain have been recognized as being “substantial, significant, and adverse” (TMT Environmental Impact Statement). Response: The University of Hawaiÿi has made a legally-binding commitment that the TMT site will be the last new area to be developed for observatories and has committed to the removal of 5 current observatories by the end of 2033 as a condition of the TMT permit. A decommissioning sub-plan, under the Maunakea Comprehensive Management Plan, guides the removal of observatories and site restoration. TMT Conservation District Use Permit • Three of the existing 13 telescopes to be permanently removed as soon as reasonably possible, but no later than the time TMT is complete. o Caltech Submillimeter Observatory began decommissioning process in 2017. A public scoping period ended in 2018. Hoku Kea decommissioning also underway. UKIRT is identified for removal. • Two more by the current end of UH’s lease in 2033. • None of these sites will be redeveloped. 5 Issues of Astronomy on Maunakea If TMT is built, there will be no more than nine telescopes beyond 2033. This is a commitment.  “Too many visitors” Maunakea remains a popular attraction for tourists and residents, prompting concerns about visitor impacts to the mountain. According to Maunakea Support Services, 35,511 vehicles ascended the mountain in 2016, with observatory crews and permitted tours accounting for about 37 percent of vehicle traffic that year. The rest is attributed to the general public including visitors. Response: UH is developing administrative rules to address access issues. Other steps to address access include: Ranger Program Shortly after its founding in fall 2000, the Office of Maunakea Management created a ranger program to provide daily oversight of activities on UH managed lands. It is the goal of the administration to expand the ranger program. Public Access Sub-Plan • As part of the Maunakea Comprehensive Management Plan, this sub-plan sets principles and policies to guide public and commercial activities. • To be implemented through administrative rules. 6 Issues of Astronomy on Maunakea “Isolated bureaucracy” The Legislative Auditor issued a critical audit in 1998 of UH’s management. Response: The University of Hawaiÿi completed a Master Plan for Maunakea and formed the Office of Maunakea Management under UHHilo in 2000 to relocate management from ÿOahu to Hawaiÿi Island. OMKM • Overseen by a board of community members nominated by the UH-Hilo chancellor and approved by the UH Board of Regents. • Advised by a Native Hawaiian cultural council, known as Kahu Kü Mauna. • Completed Comprehensive Management Plan in 2009. The CMP incorporates four sub-plans: Cultural Resources, Natural Resources, Public Access, and Decommissioning. NOT PAYING FAIR SHARE Observatories, while providing significant economic benefits, have paid $1 a year for their subleases under UH, prompting concern they aren’t paying their share for use of public lands. Issues of Astronomy on Maunakea Response: TMT is the only sublease entered into after the Legislative Audit and 2000 Master Plan, and therefore the first telescope to pay substantial lease rent. Substantial lease payments will be included in any new and renegotiated sublease agreements. TMT sub-lease • Sub-lease validated in 2018 following legal challenges. • Payments start at $300,000 annually and will reach $1.08 million annually after 10 years. • Payments benefit Office of Maunakea Management for stewardship and management, and Office of Hawaiian Affairs. DISRESPECT OF HAWAIIAN CULTURE Maunakea is recognized for its wahi pana and other highly valued cultural and natural resources. It is also recognized as a premier site for astronomy. The Legislative Auditor in 1998 faulted UH for not doing enough to protect the cultural and natural resources when building observatories. Response: Restrictions were imposed by the UH management plans and TMT Conservation District Use Permit: • UH management plans o Environmental, cultural and architectural controls developed. 7 8 Issues of Astronomy on Maunakea o Controls address development on puÿu. • TMT Conservation District Use Permit o Site designated at an area below the summit and away from historical and cultural sites, including Kükahauÿula and Lake Waiau. No burials at the site. o All waste from the observatory will be stored and removed. o No explosives to be used during construction. INADEQUATE COMMUNITY BENEFIT The primary beneficiaries of astronomy have narrowly been the UH and scientists. Issues of Astronomy on Maunakea program remains the only program of its kind in the world. ÿImiloa Astronomy Center • A Hua He Inoa: Native Hawaiian students work with astronomers and Hawaiian language experts to give Hawaiian names to astronomical discoveries. Names have been submitted and accepted by the International Astronomical Union. Thirty Meter Telescope • In 2014, TMT International Observatory launched the THINK Fund, which provides $1 million a year to STEM education on Hawaiÿi Island. Annual payments adjusted for inflation will continue for the life of the observatory. Response: To broaden the benefits of astronomy to the community, the observatories and ÿImiloa Astronomy Center have supported several programs, including the following: Maunakea Observatories • Several million dollars spent on education and workforce development including Journey Through the Universe, Akamai internships, AstroDays, Kamaÿäina Observatory Experience, and Maunakea Scholars program, which gives Hawaiÿi high school students access to the telescopes for observations and research. Maunakea Scholars 9 10 David Ige William Ailä Governor State of Hawaiÿi Interim Chairman Department of Hawaiian Home Lands RESTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT OF MAUNAKEA. I will administratively restructure the management of Maunakea to include representation by the Hawaiian community and by County government, while working with the Legislature for permanent restructuring of management. DHHL Housing Support. I commit to work with DHHL and the Legislature to seek additional resources to increase housing on DHHL lands. HOUSING. We will work with Hawaiÿi County and other state agencies to expedite approval of DHHL subdivisions. We will provide innovative homestead opportunities, such as subsistence agricultural awards, tiny homes, and other efforts, to put beneficiaries on DHHL land. William Ailä Sept. 12, 2019 David Ige Sept. 12, 2019 Ed Stone Executive Director TMT International Observatory David Lassner President University of Hawaiÿi RESTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT OF MAUNAKEA. I will work with the Governor, the Native Hawaiian community, and the Mayor to restructure a collaborative approach to stewardship of the mauna as articulated by the UH Board of Regents. CULTURAL FACILITY. I commit to establishing a facility to celebrate and honor Hawaiian history, knowledge, culture and language, along with modern science and astronomy, on the already developed land at Hale Pöhaku under guidance by the Native Hawaiian community. CULTURAL PRACTITIONERS SITE. I commit to set aside lands at the summit, if desired, for the sole use of cultural practitioners. CULTURE AND SCIENCE INTEGRATION. I commit to pursue broadening the cultural/educational mission at Hale Pöhaku to fully integrate Hawaiian cosmology, astronomy, language and cultural knowledge into research and teaching activities of the observatories. 11 David Lassner Sept. 12, 2019 SUSTAINABLE ASTRONOMY. We commit to working toward this vision of Maunakea and the development of a new paradigm of sustainable astronomy on Maunakea founded on integrating culture, science, the environment and education, as demonstrated by the 10-plus-year consultation process, which included the Kahu Kü Mauna Council, Native Hawaiian cultural practitioners and other community members. This led to a development plan and permit which addressed concerns about impacts on the environment and cultural and historical sites. GOOD NEIGHBOR. We commit to continue working with the community, to being good stewards of the mountain, and good neighbors on our island home. Efforts in the past have included the THINK Fund to benefit educational programs and scholarships, and the Akamai Workforce Initiative that has placed college students in summer internships at observatories and other high-tech companies in Hawaiÿi. Ed Stone Sept. 12, 2019 12 DIRECTORS OF THE MAUNAKEA OBSERVATORIES THE MAUNAKEA OBSERVATORIES SUPPORTS THE VISION FOR MAUNAKEA AND RECOGNIZE THE FOLLOWING AS ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS IN YOUR "VISION FOR MAUNAKEA": • The harmony that can grow from acknowledging a painful history of intrusions on the First Nation of Hawaiÿi. • The importance of protecting the cultural and historical significance of Maunakea. • The necessity to build a bright future for all people in Hawaiÿi in the spirit of aloha. • The potential of Hawaiÿi setting an international example of diversity in these challenging times. • The unique value of Maunakea in the pursuit of knowledge about the Universe. • The opportunity of Maunakea becoming a global beacon of hope, peace, and discovery — The Maunakea observatories are integral members of the Hawaiÿi community and whole-heartedly support these pillars in your vision. Maunakea should be recognized as a place where cultural, scientific, and environmental interests don’t simply coincide, but instead support one another for Maunakea to thrive as a whole. We deeply appreciate the importance of Maunakea to a broad cross section of our community and we are thankful and privileged to study the universe from the Maunakea summit — a unique portal on the universe and our origins. Letter to Mayor Harry Kim signed by all Directors of the Maunakea Observatories March 28, 2019 Canada-France-Hawai’i Telescope Hoku Kea Observatory Gemini Observatory Subaru Telescope 13 James Clerk Maxwell Telescope UKIRT (United Kingdom Infra-Red Telescope) Institute for Astronomy W.M. Keck Observatory Long Baseline Observatory NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (Keck I and Keck II) Harry Kim Mayor County of Hawaiÿi PARTICIPATE IN MANAGEMENT OF MAUNAKEA. County government commits to designating County representation in high-level decision-making relating to management of Maunakea and supporting the restructuring of the management of Maunakea. THE NEXT STEP FORWARD CONVENE A CORE GROUP OF COMMUNITY MEMBERS WHO BELIEVE AND SUPPORT THE VISION. THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF THIS GROUP ARE TO PROVIDE DIRECTION AND GUIDANCE IN BRINGING THIS VISION TO LIFE. Harry Kim Sept. 12, 2019 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This proposal is a result of many conversations and meetings over the past years with government leaders, guardians of the mountain, community, spiritual leaders, and scientists. While interest and positions were diverse, each shared a deep love and commitment to what is good for Maunakea and Hawaiÿi. The innumerable hours spent in these discussions has deepened my own understanding and appreciation of Maunakea and the Hawaiian people. All meetings ended with a positive relationship that is so appreciated. Our challenge is such a difficult one simply because of the complexity of the issue. This proposal of a way forward is just a step building upon the foundation laid to address wrongs of past and to find a way to make things better. 14 THIS IS ABOUT WHAT MAUNAKEA CAN BE FOR THE WORLD Maunakea to be a symbol of nations working together for the pursuit of peace and harmony, a beacon of hope and discovery for the world. This is not just about science. It is about combining culture and science. It is about respect and caring. It is about a quest for knowledge that will make us a better people and better stewards of this world. • It is about Hawai‘i to be globally recognized as a cultural and natural treasure. Hawai‘i, a place on this earth where people live together peacefully and respectfully in harmony with nature. This is about Hawai‘i and the cosmopolitan people (people of the world) where diversity is respected and celebrated. • This is about the recognition of a deeply painful history of intrusions on the First Nation of Hawai‘i, which today are reflected in issues such as Maunakea. It is about the wrongs done to indigenous people of the world whose scars remain fresh. • Maunakea to be an opportunity for the gift of aloha to be presented to the world to make us better. This is about the mountain bringing people together. INITIATIVES OF THE VISION • Cultural Treasure: Create a major cultural center to protect and preserve the historical and cultural specialness of Hawai‘i and its people. • Science: Create science programs that emphasize the inseparability of nature and culture. • Education: Create educational programs that connect the wonders of science to the minds of children and adults. • Management: Establish an umbrella management authority that gives strong deference to the voices of the host island and the Hawaiian community. • Beacon of hope for the world: Be a model of how the people of the world can live together in harmony and the opportunity of Maunakea becoming a global beacon of hope, peace and discovery.