Summary of the decision against Karel Tammjärv, EST
On 2 January 2020, the Independent Anti-Doping Delegate of the International Ski Federation
("FIS") issued her decision in the doping matter of Karel Tammjärv. The Estonian crosscountry skier was declared ineligible for a period of four years until 28 February 2023. All
competitive results obtained since 22 February 2017 are disqualified. The decision has not
been appealed within the applicable deadline and became binding and enforceable.

On 27 February 2019, at the 2019 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Seefeld, Austria, the
Austrian police raided several athletes on the suspicion of blood doping. Simultaneously, the German
police searched the medical practice of Dr. Mark Schmidt in Erfurt, Germany. Following the incidents
in Seefeld and Erfurt, law enforcement authorities of Germany, Austria and Estonia initiated criminal
investigations and proceedings against a number of athletes and support personnel, including
members of the privately sponsored Estonian sports team "Haanja". Team "Haanja" mainly consisted
of Estonian cross-country skiers, including Karel Tammjärv.

Karel Tammjärv immediately confessed to the public authorities and then also in a media conference
on 1 March 2019 the manipulation of blood and blood components. Since November 2017, Karel
Tammjärv underwent numerous blood treatments by Dr. Mark Schmidt. He also provided
administrative services to the team, especially the handling of financial matters. According to the
results of the conducted investigations, all cross-country athletes training with team "Haanja" who had
undergone blood doping under Dr. Mark Schmidt's direction had also been provided with Human
Growth Hormone for regeneration purpose.

On 1 March 2019, the FIS notified Karel Tammjärv of the opening of disciplinary proceedings and
provisionally suspended him. The suspension was not challenged. On 22 November 2019, the FIS
charged Karel Tammjärv with the commission of repeated anti-doping rule violations, in particular of
Article 2.2 of the FIS Anti-Doping Rules 2016 with reference to M1 of the WADA Prohibited List for the
use of a prohibited method (i.e. manipulation of blood and blood components by withdrawals and reinjections of the athlete's own blood by several occasions between 2017 and 2019), Article 2.2 of the
FIS Anti-Doping Rules 2016, S2, para. 2.3 of the WADA Prohibited List for the use of a prohibited
substance (namely Growth Hormone), and Article 2.9 of the FIS Anti-Doping Rules 2016 for
conspiring and covering up repeated anti-doping rule violations. As a consequence, the FIS requested
his ineligibility of four years as a sanction.

Since Karel Tammjärv accepted the charges made and consequences proposed by the FIS, a hearing
was no longer required. Instead, based on Article 7.10 of the FIS Anti-Doping Rules, the Independent
Anti-Doping Delegate of the FIS confirmed the anti-doping rule violations and the consequences
imposed by the FIS. According to her decision of 2 January 2020, Karel Tammjärv has been declared

 ineligible for a period of four years, which means that he is barred from participating in any sports
competition or other activity (other than authorised anti-doping education or rehabilitation programs)
authorised or organised by FIS or any other signatory of the WADA code, a signatory’s member
organisation, or in any other sports-related activity as defined in Article 10.12 of the FIS Anti-Doping
Rules. The already served provisional sanction since 1 March 2019 has to be deducted. Karel
Tammjärv is therefore banned from all sports-related activities until 28 February 2023. All competitive
results obtained since 22 February 2017 (i.e. the day of Karel Tammjärv's first re-injection of his own
blood) are disqualified with all resulting consequences, including forfeiture of any medals, points and
prizes. This decision has not been appealed within the respective deadline and has thus become
binding and enforceable.