Facts about novel coronavirus and how to prevent What is coronavirus disease 2019 Severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2, known as the virus strain identified in January that causes coronavirus disease, and is spreading from person to person. While the virus has the potential to cause severe illness and pneumonia in some people, about 80% of cases are relatively mild. HOW TO PROTECT Steps you can take to prevent the flu and the common cold will also help prevent the spread of coronavirus: - Wash hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. If not available, use hand sanitizer. - Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands. - Avoid contact with people who are sick. - Stay home while you are sick and avoid close contact with others. - Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or sleeve when coughing or sneezing. Hand-washing Apply soap to wet hands 101 Wash your hands as soon as you walk through the door of your home. Scrub with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. sanitizerto dry hands. r_ I Rub backs of fingers into the opposing palm with fingers interlocked. Note: Viruses not to scale Sources: King County Public Health, World Health Organization (WHO), CDC, Dr. Matthew Frieman, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Hawaii National Public Radio, University of alrfornia San Francisco Health, los Angeles Times, National Geographic oran alcohol-based hand If Direction of spread How does coronavirus spread? Its main mode ofspreading is respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Droplets can land in the mouth or nose or be inhaled into the lungs of nearby people (within 6 feet). It may be possible for a person to be infected by touching a surface that has the virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose or eyes. Household preparation To minimize your risk of exposure to coronavirus, Public Health Seattle King County recommends avoiding crowds and reducing close contact, a practice known as ?social distancing.? Beyond a basic emergency kit, have the daily necessities and shelf?stable foods on hand. This will help you to practice social distancing and to care for yourselfand your household if someone becomes ill. f does start circulating in your community, or if someone is sick in your home, plan on cleaning surfaces that get touched frequently such as kitchen counters, door handles and bathroom faucets several times a day. Rub hands palm to palm. 14 I .I Grasp thumb in other -. hand and rub while rotating around the thumb. Repeatwith ?u otherthumb Rub hands palm to backside and switch. 9 9 How severe is Most coronavirus illnesses are mild with fever and cough. The vast majority of people with novel coronavirus infection do not require hospital care. A much smaller percentage of people get severely ill with respiratory problems like pneumonia. Elderly people and people with underlying medical conditions are at highest risk. (y of confirmed patients 6 0 have died globally in early May, meaning it may currently be 60 times more fatal than the seasonal flu. With many mild cases not reported, the percentage may be lower. Supplies to consider: - Extra fluids, hydrating drinks (such as Gatorade and Pedialyte) - Food for when you?re sick, like soups, broths, crackers, honey (especially nonperishable items to carry you through a couple of weeks) - Pain and fever medications (like acetaminophen) - Cough drops, cough medications - Prescription medications - Tissues - Household cleaners (bleach, alcohol, soap) Interlace fingers and rub hands palm to palm. If using soap, rinse off with water and turn off faucet with a clean towel. If using hand sanitizer, once hands are dry they are safe. Rub finger nails, including the thumb, into the opposing palm and repeat. Graphics by EMILY M. ENG, Editing by LAURA GORDON and DIANA SAMUELS r' THE SEATTLE TIMES Gil) Seattle Grimes For complete coverage of the coronavirus outbreak including breaking news, live updates and in-depth analysis visit st.news/coronavirus. Facts about novel coronavirus 1 a; The CDC has learned that a significant number of people who are infected and contagious never show On average, appear five to six days after infection, but may appear as few as two days or as long as 14 days after exposure to the virus. Common - Cough - Fever/chills - Shortness of breath - Muscle pain - Diarrhea - Nausea/vomiting If you show early signs of illness Ifyou have and were exposed to a confirmed patient, call both your health care provider and, in King County, the Novel Coronavirus Call Center, 206?477?3977. You can also call the state coronavirus hotline, 800?525?0127 (this number has high traffic and may be temporarily unavailable). Ifyou have but don?t know if you were exposed, call your doctor about whether, when and where you should be evaluated. Other languages To help neighbors who do not speak English, King County has created fact sheets in several languages. Find them at hmiCE" ?guadi Lil-i J13 Na vosa vaka-Vit Tagalog Franoais reeled moob EIZISEE monies 3 $9101 momma Kajin Maje! 3155.? Polski Portugu?s Afaan Oromoo Romano Gagana S?moa af Soomaali Espa?ol J?I'i??il??il lea fakatonga Tie'ng Viet Note: Viruses not to scoie bosed on confirmed coses us of Feb. 20, 2020. Sources: King County Pubiic Heoith, Worid Heoith Orgonizotion (WHO), Centers for Diseose ontroi ond Prevention, Dr. Motthew Friern on, University of Moryiond Schooi of Medicine, Howoii Notionoi Pubiic Rodio, University of oiifornio Son Froncisco Heoith, ios Angeies Times, Notionoi Geogrophic Graphics by EMILY M. ENG, Editing by LAURA GORDON and DIANA SAMUELS THE SEATTLE TIMES YOUR BODY AND CORONAVIRUS For most patients, begins and ends in their lungs, although other organs and systems can be affected. The disease attacks the lungs in three phases: viral replication, immune hyper?reactivity, and pulmonary destruction. Not all patients go through every phase, with milder cases often remaining in the first stage. 1. VIRAL REPLICATION The virus invades and replicates in the lung cells both in the ones that produce mucus and in those bearing cilia, hair-like projections that move debris out ofthe lungs. Affected cilia don?t work normally, and a buildup ofdebris and fluids occurs, causing shortness of breath and, in some cases, pneumonia. Build up of debris Debris flow Cilia a 005 . . . yup-V 00"? 00 A a Links 30! x?xo :5 2. IMMUNE HYPER-REACTIVITY Your body identifies the viral invader and sends an immune response to clear the damage and repair the lung tissue. Normally, this inflammatory response is localized to the infected areas, but sometimes the immune response is hyper?reactive and kills healthy cells, causing even more damage. White blood cell rush 11TH 1 Mil 0 0-0 Ol?lealthy J, Cali/?cell attackewd: 3. PULMONARY DESTRUCTION As lung damage continues, pulmonary destruction can become too severe, resulting in respiratory failure. Healthy Infected Honeycomb holes from immune hyper-activity Solid lung tissue Treatment No medications are specifically approved for coronavirus. Most people with mild coronavirus illness will recover on their own by drinking plenty of fluids, resting, and taking pain and fever medications. However, some cases develop pneumonia and require medical care or hospitalization. For complete coverage of the coronavirus outbreak including breaking news, El) Seattle mules live updates and in?depth analysis visit st.news/coronavirus.