UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE 29 September 2016 (U//FOUO) California: Recent Violent Clashes Suggest Heightened Threat Environment at Lawfully Organized White Supremacist Events (U//FOUO) Prepared by the Orange County Intelligence Assessment Center (OCIAC) and the Central California Intelligence Center (CCIC) with contributions from the Office of Intelligence and Analysis (I&A). (U//FOUO) Scope: This Field Analysis Report (FAR) highlights two recent violent domestic extremist clashes in California, puts them in local and national context, and the appendices provide symbols and behavioral indicators to assist law enforcement in identifying and mitigating the threat of violence from ideologically-inspired actors.* This FAR focuses on domestic terrorists who seek to further political or social goals through unlawful acts of violence. Specifically, it considers the activities of anarchist extremists and white supremacist extremists, which are violent subsets of broader non-violent movements.†,‡ Domestic terrorists differ from individuals who non-violently campaign for social change, even though they may share similar anarchist or white supremacist ideological beliefs. (U) Key Points  (U//FOUO) Two violent clashes in 2016 in Sacramento and Anaheim between anarchist extremists and lawfully protesting white supremacists at legally permitted rallies highlight the attractiveness of such events to domestic extremists intent on committing violence.  (U//FOUO) Some anarchist extremists and lawfully protesting white supremacists came to the events with weapons, suggesting that they were prepared to engage in violence. Most of the attackers, however, used makeshift weapons.  (U//FOUO) We assess future events associated with white supremacists, or other events perceived by some as discriminatory in nature, will likely be flashpoints for domestic extremist violence. The recent violence at these events could embolden domestic extremists to take a more aggressive posture at future events. * (U//FOUO) DHS defines domestic extremists as individuals based and operating entirely within the United States or its territories without direction or inspiration from a foreign terrorist group or other foreign power who seek to further political or social goals, wholly or in part, through unlawful acts of violence. The mere advocacy of political or social positions, political activism, use of strong rhetoric, or generalized philosophic embrace of violent tactics may not constitute extremism, and may be constitutionally protected. † (U//FOUO) DHS defines anarchist extremists as groups or individuals who facilitate or engage in acts of unlawful violence as a means of changing the government and society in support of the belief that all forms of capitalism and corporate globalization should be opposed and that governing institutions are unnecessary and harmful to society. ‡ (U//FOUO) DHS defines white supremacist extremists as groups or individuals who facilitate or engage in acts of unlawful violence directed at the federal government, ethnic minorities, or Jewish persons in support of their belief that Caucasians are intellectually and morally superior to other races and their perception that the government is controlled by Jewish persons. IA-0222-16 (U) LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE: The information marked (U//LES) in this document is the property of Anaheim Police Department (APD), FBI, and Olympia Police Department (OPD) and may be distributed within the Federal Government (and its contractors), US intelligence, law enforcement, public safety or protection officials, and individuals with a need to know. Distribution beyond these entities without APD, FBI, or OPD authorization is prohibited. Precautions should be taken to ensure this information is stored and/or destroyed in a manner that precludes unauthorized access. Information bearing the LES caveat may not be used in legal proceedings without first receiving authorization from the originating agency. [Recipients are prohibited from subsequently posting the information marked LES on a website on an unclassified network.] (U) Warning: This document contains UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY (U//FOUO) information that may be exempt from public release under the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552). It contains information that may be exempt from public release under the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552). It is to be controlled, stored, handled, transmitted, distributed, and disposed of in accordance with DHS policy relating to FOUO information and is not to be released to the public, the media, or other personnel who do not have a valid need to know without prior approval of an authorized DHS official. State and local homeland security officials may not share this document with critical infrastructure and key resource personnel or private sector security officials without further approval from DHS. (U) This product contains US person information that has been deemed necessary for the intended recipient to understand, assess, or act on the information provided. It has been highlighted in this document with the label USPER and should be handled in accordance with the recipient's intelligence oversight and/or information handling procedures. Other US person information has been minimized. Should you require the minimized US person information, please contact the I&A Production Branch at IA.PM@hq.dhs.gov, IA.PM@dhs.sgov.gov, or IA.PM@dhs.ic.gov. UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U//FOUO) Ideological Justification for Violence (U//FOUO) Anarchist extremists adhere to varying violent interpretations of anarchist ideology; however, they generally desire a non-hierarchical society free from oppressive regimes—including those perceived as racist. As a result, we assess they use their opposition to racism to justify violence against white supremacists. White supremacist extremists may justify violence against anarchist extremists as a result of the anarchists’ minority status—or if Caucasian, by the white supremacists’ perception that they are traitors to their race. (U//FOUO) Recent Violence in Sacramento and Anaheim (U//LES) Two separate incidents of violent clashes in Sacramento and Anaheim, California between lawfully protesting white supremacists and anarchist extremists highlight that future similar events—such as rallies, concerts, marches, and meetings—are likely to be flashpoints for ideologically-inspired violence. We assess that domestic extremists were prepared to commit violence at the Sacramento and Anaheim events, as both white supremacist and anarchist extremists came with weapons. However, most individuals engaging in violence used makeshift weapons in both events and justified their use of violence with claims of self-defense according to police reports.  (U//FOUO) On 26 June 2016 at the State Capitol building in Sacramento, violent anti-fascists, including anarchist extremist elements, attacked a group of white supremacists who gathered for a legally permitted rally, “to protest globalization and in defense of the right to self-expression.”1,2,* Violent clashes occurred at multiple locations on the Capitol grounds between the two groups. Physical assaults included the use of 12-inch buck knives, pepper spray, wooden stakes used as clubs, rocks and bottles as projectiles, and bladed weapons. Additionally, according to media reporting, a loaded 9mm pistol was found at the scene, and the Capitol building was locked down during the incident.3,4 In total, the attack resulted in 12 people injured, 6 of whom were stabbed.5 No arrests were made at the time of the incident; however, the investigation is ongoing.  (U//LES) On 27 February 2016, violence erupted at a legally permitted white supremacist rally in Anaheim after anarchist extremist elements of a violent anti-fascist group attacked white supremacists moments after the white supremacists arrived at the publically announced rally locations. According to police reports, violent anti-fascists punched and kicked the white supremacists; hurled rocks, bottles and other projectiles; and assaulted them with makeshift weapons including wooden sticks, clubs, and a skateboard.6 One of the white supremacists used a flagpole defensively as a weapon to stab the attackers, and two other anarchist extremists were stabbed with a knife and an unidentified weapon.7 On 30 June 2016, seven anarchist extremists were arrested on various charges of battery, assault, and resisting arrest related to the attack, and an additional attacker remains at large.8 These seven anarchist extremists are awaiting trial, and no white supremacists were charged in relation to the incident.9,10  (U//FOUO) In an event we judge was possibly sparked by the 27 February 2016 rally, the next day at a park in Lake Los Angeles, three white supremacist extremists were arrested after allegedly harassing and throwing punches at a group of Hispanics. According to media reports, the harassment consisted of yelling “Heil Hitler” and racial slurs while waving around a wallet with a confederate flag. Additionally, the attackers also allegedly pulled knives on a family that tried to intervene and then fled when police arrived. There were no serious injuries during the attack.11 In March 2016, the subjects were charged and later convicted in July 2016 on felony charges of * (U//FOUO) Rally motivations have been included in this paper solely for the purpose of highlighting for law enforcement that these types of events may be attractive targets for anarchist extremists intent on violent confrontation. UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 2 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE assault with a deadly weapon: not a firearm, and each received a four year suspended prison sentence and served credit of 261 days in the Los Angeles County Jail.12,13 (U//FOUO) Similar, though less violent, clashes between anarchist extremists and lawfully protesting white supremacists occurred during rallies in Sacramento in 2012 and Los Angeles in 2010. Both of these incidents resulted in injuries to police responders. Lethal weapons such as knives and firearms used in the 2016 events were not found in the 2012 or 2010 rallies. This suggests that attendees at the 2016 events either perceived a heightened threat of violence against them and assumed a more aggressive posture for protection, or that they viewed the events as an exploitable opportunity to use violence against their ideological opponents under the legally-protected guise of “self-defense.”  (U//FOUO) In February 2012 at the State Capitol in Sacramento, suspected anarchist extremists violently clashed with a group of white supremacists at the white supremacists’ legally permitted rally intended to draw public attention to black-on-white violence in South Africa. The anarchist extremists threw cans and bottles at the white supremacists and police officers. Two officers were injured after being struck by thrown objects. The incident also resulted in an interruption to the city’s light rail system. Some individuals in attendance claimed to have traveled from the San Francisco Bay area to attend the event.16 Three anarchist extremists at the event were arrested for resisting, delaying, or obstructing a law enforcement officer, as well as resisting an executive officer. One individual’s charges were dismissed, and the others were convicted and served sentences of 60 days on a work project and 180 days in jail.17  (U) In April 2010 at a white supremacist rally against illegal immigration on the south lawn of Los (U) Anti-fascist flyer for 2016 Neo-Nazi Sacramento Angeles City Hall, individuals––including one event.14,15 suspected anarchist extremist––attacked white supremacists by throwing rocks, branches, and other projectiles over the police line. The violence erupted after a white supremacist removed his shirt revealing his Nazi “SS” lightning bolt tattoos— offending some individuals within the crowd. Additionally, projectiles were thrown at police officers who were attempting to quell the crowd. There were no injuries reported other than to police, and no arrests occurred at the event.18 UNCLASSIFIED (U//FOUO) Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures Used in Sacramento and Anaheim Events (U//FOUO) Anarchist extremists mobilized from across the region and state to participate in violence at the Sacramento rally, and some were motivated to attend by the earlier violent clash in Anaheim. We lack information on the level of pre-operational planning undertaken by anarchist extremists at the 2016 Anaheim event. UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 3 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE UNCLASSIFIED  (U//FOUO) According to law enforcement, anarchist extremists at the 2016 Sacramento rally engaged in several activities indicating proficiency at pre-operational planning—to include organizing carpools to travel from different locations across the state, raising bail money in preparation for arrests, counter-surveilling law enforcement, using three-man scout teams, using handheld radios for communication, possessing high quality cameras, and advertising and coordinating the event via social media.20  extremists with the decorative end of a flag pole, resulting in (U//FOUO) According to an after-action injuries at the Anaheim event. Note the Klan patches on his shirt report posted on a website supportive of and blood spatter on the ground.19 violent anti-fascist anarchist extremists, these individuals were spurred to attack the Sacramento event in reaction to the violent clash in Anaheim in February 2016. These anarchist extremists were also drawn to the Sacramento event by white supremacist activities in California, such as leafletting campaigns, and by their perception that white supremacists are currently acting in an emboldened state.21 (U) A Klansman stabs at violent anti-fascists and anarchist UNCLASSIFIED (U) Anti-fascist anarchist extremists attack legally protesting white supremacists at a 2016 rally in Sacramento using makeshift weapons such as a skateboard on ground at lower right. Note the Celtic Cross symbol in white and red on left and right shields, a symbol of an identified USPER racist skinhead group in red on center shield, and a symbol of an identified USPER white supremacist movement in white on T-shirts.22 UNCLASSIFIED (U) A suspected anarchist extremist carries a homemade club for use in attacks on legally protesting white supremacists at the 2016 Sacramento rally.23 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 4 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U//FOUO) Many of the violent anti-fascists and anarchist extremists at the 2016 events in Sacramento and Anaheim wore “black bloc” attire— dressing completely in black or dark colors and wearing masks and bandanas—to hide their identities from law enforcement or journalists while they committed violent acts against the white supremacists.*   (U//FOUO) In recent decades, the use of black bloc tactics has become the tactical modus operandi of anarchist extremist violence in the United States. According to media reporting, anarchist extremists at the 2016 Sacramento clash attempted to intimidate a news crew with violence to keep them from filming the event.25 UNCLASSIFIED (U) A Klansman is kicked in the face at a 2016 rally in Anaheim. Note the Confederate battle flag patch on shirt and vehicle’s vanity license plate number “KIGY”—a common acronym associated with the Klu Klux Klan meaning “Klansman I Greet You”. Also note a possible edged weapon held by individual in upper right.24 (U//FOUO) Although intimidation of the press is more common among anarchist extremist groups in foreign locations, threats and violence targeting journalists are rare from US anarchist extremists.26,27,† (U//FOUO) Although not always a predictor or indicator of violent action, “black bloc” attire is commonly seen among anarchist extremists during violent incidents. Such attire may also be worn by anarchist activists who are non-violent adherents of anti-fascist movements, and alone is not an indication of violent extremism. † (U//FOUO) One example occurred in April 2010 when a photographer photographing a rally protesting perceived police brutality in Olympia, Washington was assaulted by a group of suspected anarchist extremists who surrounded him, pushed him, slapped a cellphone out of his hand, spray-painted his camera, and threatened to throw him off a bridge, according to media reporting. * UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 5 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U) Outlook (U//FOUO) We assess the threat of violent clashes between anarchist extremists and lawfully protesting white supremacists at planned events throughout the nation during the remainder of 2016 and beyond— such as rallies, meetings, protests, UNCLASSIFIED vq counter-protests, concerts, booksignings, or political conventions—is heightened. The recent violence, where few arrests were made, could embolden domestic extremists to take a more aggressive posture at future events. Additionally, recent events, where minimal law enforcement arrests occurred and both sides received ample media exposure, are likely seen as a “win” and could possibly encourage an escalation to violent action at future events. We further caution that the threat of violent clashes is not limited to events related to white supremacy, as anarchist extremists are known to justify (U) Anarchist extremists dressed in “black bloc” attire attempt to violence against a number of perceived intimidate a cameraman to stop him from filming at the Sacramento oppressive regimes under the broader rally. Note the individual on the left has a makeshift weapon known as a auspices of “anti-racism/fascism”—to “smiley”—a chain with a lock on its end—hanging from his waist, ostensibly for use in attacks against white supremacists.28 A video of include perceived: sexism, ageism, the events is also available.29 homophobia, xenophobia, and interference with reproductive rights, and any perception that law enforcement is violating the rights of anarchist extremists and other ideologically similar groups. UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 6 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U) DHS I&A Perspective (U//FOUO) History of Violent Clashes At Lawfully Protesting White Supremacist Events Across the United States (U//FOUO) Anarchist extremists with anti-fascist motivations have a long history of violence, including reciprocal violence, against lawfully protesting white supremacists at planned events nationwide. Therefore, law enforcement should be aware the occurrence of such events could pose hazards to public safety, although such constitutionally-protected events often remain peaceful. Additionally, although much of the focus of this paper concerns the threat of anarchist extremists, white supremacist extremists have previously plotted against and attacked violent anti-fascists and anarchist extremists.  (U//LES) In May 2015, suspected anarchist extremists violently clashed with lawfully protesting white supremacist during a lawful demonstration to support local police involved in an on-duty shooting of two African-Americans in Olympia, Washington. The brawl resulted in the smashing of vehicle windows, tire slashing, and physical assault, as well as the use of baseball bats by both sides, according law enforcement and media reporting.30,31 Anarchist extremists in Washington State openly oppose lawfully protesting white supremacists, and routinely attend their events with the intent to disrupt or instigate violence. No arrests have been made.  (U//FOUO) Members of a white supremacist extremist group were arrested in Florida in May 2012 on charges related to paramilitary training, hate crimes, illicit weapons, and conspiracy.32 According to court documents, the individuals allegedly discussed creating a disturbance in front of Orlando’s city hall, firing into a building, and attacking an anti-fascist event with homemade weapons.33 As of June 2013, one defendant pled guilty and was sentenced to prison, and two defendants received probation after pleading no contest to charges of participating in paramilitary training.34 The leader of the group was convicted on two counts of teaching and conducting paramilitary training and received a six month jail sentence.35  (U//LES) In May 2012, suspected anarchist extremists, among a group of possibly 18 persons, assaulted perceived white supremacists in a Tinley Park, Illinois restaurant with batons and other club-like objects, according to media reporting. Five individuals of an Indiana-based anti-fascist group with close ties to the Chicago anti-fascist movement were arrested and later convicted on charges related to the attack.36 Following the incident, Chicago anti-fascists and anarchist extremists posted the attacked white supremacists’ personally identifiable information on their website, along with threatening statements.37,38  (U//FOUO) During an October 2005 march in Toledo, Ohio, police were unable to prevent local residents and anti-fascists—including some anarchist extremists—from rioting for several hours following a Neo-Nazi rally against “black crime.” The disturbances resulted in the arrest of 120 rioters and the destruction of several local businesses. Toledo’s mayor was forced to restore order by imposing a curfew.39,40 (U//FOUO) DHS and the National Network of Fusion Centers are interested in receiving tips and information on activities related to threats to homeland security, terrorism, and violent extremism. Comments, requests, or shareable intelligence may be directed to the OCIAC at ociac.org and the CCIC at 888-884-8383 or www.sacrtac.org. UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 7 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U//FOUO) Appendix A: Potential Indicators of Planned Violence (U//FOUO) There are a number of potential indicators of planned criminal or violent activities at white supremacist events. Some of these behavioral indicators may be constitutionally protected activities and should be supported by additional facts to justify increased suspicion. Possible indicators of planned criminal or violent activity which could arouse suspicion include:  (U//FOUO) Individuals acquiring materials that could be used to build improvised incendiary devices or improvised explosive devices without a reasonable explanation.  (U//FOUO) Pre-operational surveillance of sites related to a white supremacist event—such as parking locations, rallying points, or marching routes.  (U//FOUO) Individuals wearing all dark or black clothing and masks or bandanas without a reasonable explanation, suggesting plans to utilize black bloc tactics.  (U//FOUO) Possession of large batteries (such as D-cell, C-cell, or 9-volt) or canned goods, without a reasonable explanation, which could be used as projectiles.  (U//FOUO) Possession of sharp or blunt objects such as knives, machetes, dowels, bats, large tools, or tire irons during protests.  (U//FOUO) Stashing of weapons in vehicles near the event site for use in case of escalation.  (U//FOUO) Pilfering construction sites for potential projectiles such as bricks, rebar, or pipes.  (U//FOUO) Pre-staging of bricks, rocks, or debris along or near protest routes.  (U//FOUO) Planning of criminal or violent activities related to white supremacist events on Internet chat rooms, message boards, or social networking sites.  (U//FOUO) Individuals carpooling from other locations in the region to engage in planned criminal or violent acts at anti-fascist counter protests. UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 8 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U//FOUO) Appendix B: Symbols Often Associated with Anarchist Extremists and White Supremacist Extremists (U) Anarchist Extremists: Symbology (U//FOUO) In the context of planned events that escalate to violence, the following symbols are commonly seen on signs and banners of anarchist extremists who engage in violent acts. Although not always a predictor or indicator of violent action, these symbols may also be used by anarchists who are non-violent adherents of anti-fascist movements, and alone they are not an indication of violent extremism. (U) Symbols UNCLASSIFIED (U) Sources Symbols41,42,43,44,45 (U) Symbol Meanings: (U) Anarchist Symbol - most common anarchist symbol; thought to represent anarchist maxim “anarchy is order.” (U) Antifascist Downward Arrow Symbol - symbol used by anti-Nazi movement in Germany in years prior to World War II; designed to easily cover swastikas; meaning of arrows debated. (U) Antifascist Flag - red denotes ties to workers movement; black symbolizes lawlessness/anarchy. (U) Anti-Nazi Symbol - intended to counter swastika; often seen on patches/buttons/T-shirts. (U) Good Night White Pride Symbol - common logo; often seen with different types of images of assaults against white supremacists—such as punching, kicking, or using weapons. (U) White Supremacist Extremists: Symbology, Numerical Codes, and Acronyms UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 9 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U//FOUO) In the context of planned events that escalate to violence, although not always a predictor or indicator of violent action, the following is a sample of common acronyms, numerical codes, and symbols observed by law enforcement on clothing, tattoos, signs, or banners of white supremacist extremists who engage in violent acts. This list is general and not exhaustive, and specific group’s symbols are not included. These symbols may also be used by non-violent adherents of white supremacy, and some of these symbols have multiple meanings and are commonly utilized by non-violent actors including adherents of non-violent cultural and religious movements. Law enforcement should not take observance of these symbols alone as an indication of an individual’s predilection to commit violence. (U) Acronyms:  (U) Race Over All (ROA)  (U) Racial Holy War (RaHoWa)  (U) Zionist Occupied Government (ZOG)  (U) White Power (WP)  (U) White Power World-Wide (WPWW)  (U) Klansman I Greet You (KIGY)  (U) A Klansman I Am (AKIA) (U) Numbers:  (U) 14 Words: “We Must Secure the Existence of Our People and a Future For White Children”  (U) 18: “Adolf Hitler”, A=1st letter of alphabet, H=8th letter of alphabet”  (U) 14/88: “14 Words/Heil Hitler”  (U) 5 Words: “I Have Nothing to Say”  (U) 23: “White”, W=23rd letter of alphabet  (U) 4/20: Adolf Hitler’s birthday  (U) 311: “KKK”, 3 X 11th letter of alphabet, K UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 10 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U) Symbols: UNCLASSIFIED (U) Sources Symbols46-57 (U) Symbol Meanings: (U) Blood Drop Cross - primary symbol of KKK groups; symbolizes blood shed to protect the white race. (U) Boots and Laces - commonly seen on racist skinheads; white laces used to identify as a white power skinhead, red laces sometimes indicate prior attack against a minority. (U) Burning Cross - common KKK image, often used during rituals and to intimidate minorities. UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 11 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U) Celtic Cross - often used as a symbol of white pride. (U) Valknot - Norse warrior symbol; often denotes willingness to give life for Norse God Odin, generally in battle. (U) Mjölnir/Thor’s Hammer - Norse symbol of strength; Thor is the god of thunder and his hammer (Mjölnir) has power of lightning. (U) Totenkopf/Death’s Head - Nazi imagery; symbol used by Hitler’s SS troops. (U) Norse Runes - ancient European symbols; often used as a coded alphabet. (U) Zyklon B - gas used by Nazis to kill Jews during holocaust. (U) Sunwheel - ancient European symbol adopted by Nazis; swastika is a variant of sunwheel. (U) Triskele - lesser known variant of swastika; popularized by South African white supremacists in 1970s. (U) “SS” Lightning Bolts – runic characters appropriated by Nazi SS troops. UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 12 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U) Source Summary Statement (U//FOUO) The information used in this FAR is drawn from open source information, state and local law enforcement police reports and press releases, and court documents. The information obtained from open sources includes media reports and websites whose information is credibly sourced and plausible, but may contain biases or unintentional inaccuracies. When possible, open source information has been corroborated through other reliable law enforcement and judicial sources. (U//FOUO) We have high confidence in our assessment that planned events such as rallies are attractive targets for violent domestic extremists to attack violently. Rallies and planned events have resulted in several violent clashes documented by journalists and confirmed by law enforcement over the last 10 years. Additionally, domestic extremists frequently make statements in social media confirming their continued intent to use violence against their ideological opponents at these events. (U//FOUO) We have high confidence in our assessment that domestic extremists came to the events in Anaheim and Sacramento prepared to commit violence with weapons. Our assessment is based primarily on interviews by police with event attendees during enforcement efforts at the scene. We deem the police officers reporting this information to be credible and reliable sources, and information in their reports was confirmed in photographs taken by journalists at the events. (U//FOUO) We have medium confidence in our assessment that future events will likely be flashpoints for domestic extremist violence. We based our assessment on the high volume of violent clashes at these events documented in the previous two years by journalists. All of the accounts of these incidents have been corroborated by law enforcement. We cannot, however, discount the possibility that the recent violence could instead have a dampening effect on domestic extremist violence at future events—as convictions and injuries to participants could dissuade potential domestic extremists from committing violence acts. (U) Report Suspicious Activity (U) To report suspicious activity, law enforcement, Fire-EMS, private security personnel, and emergency managers should follow established protocols; all other personnel should call 911 or contact local law enforcement. Suspicious activity reports (SARs) will be forwarded to the appropriate fusion center and FBI Joint Terrorism Task Force for further action. For more information on the Nationwide SAR Initiative, visit http://nsi.ncirc.gov/resources.aspx. (U) Tracked by: HSEC-8.1, HSEC-8.6, HSEC-8.8, HSEC-8.10 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 13 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U); Traditionalist Youth Network; "Livestream: California—March Into the Inferno”; 26 JUN 2016; http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:B5Z1IjelMngJ:www.tradyouth.org/2016/06/livestream-californiamarch-into-the-inferno/+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); White supremacist website. 2 (U); Sacramento Bee; "Police Defend Response to Violent Rally at California Capitol”; 27 JUN 2016; http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/crime/article86248757.html; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Local online newspaper. 3 (U); Sacramento Bee; "Police Defend Response to Violent Rally at California Capitol”; 27 JUN 2016; http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/crime/article86248757.html; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Local online newspaper. 4 (U); Sacramento PD Press Release; "State Capitol Protests”; 26 JUN 2016; https://www.sacpd.org/newsroom/releases/liveview.aspx?release_id=20160626-082; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Police Department website. 5 (U) Fusion Center; Analytic Exchange between CCIC and Sacramento County Sheriff’s Department Sergeant; 28 JUL 2016; Extracted information is U//FOUO; Overall classification is U//FOUO. 6 (U//LES); Anaheim PD Police Report; "GO# 2016-32133-General Offense Hardcopy”; 1 JUL 2016; Extracted information is U//LES; Overall document classification is U//LES; (U); Official Police Report 7 (U//LES); Anaheim PD Police Report; "GO# 2016-32133-General Offense Hardcopy”; 1 JUL 2016; Extracted information is U//LES; Overall document classification is U//LES; (U); Official Police Report 8 (U); Orange County District Attorney Press Release; “Case # 16NM10371 “Seven Counterprotesters Charged For Attacking Members of White Supremacist Organization During Rally in Anaheim”; 30 JUN 2016; DOI https://voiceofoc.org/2016/06/seven-counterprotesters-charged-for-attacking-members-of-white-supremacist-organizationduring-rally-in-anaheim/; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Blog posting Gov’t Press Release online. 9 (U); Matt Hamilton; LA Times; “3 men are charged with hate crimes in an attack on Latinos at an L.A. County park”; 3 MAR16; http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-hate-crime-charges-latino-victims-20160303-story.html; accessed on 18 AUG 2016; (U); Newspaper Website. 10 (U//FOUO); DHS; Analytic Exchange between I&A Intelligence Officer and Los Angeles PD; 24 AUG 2016; Extracted information is U//FOUO; Overall exchange classification is U//FOUO. 11 (U); Heather Navarro and Gadi Schwartz; NBC Los Angeles; "3 Arrested After Reports of Racially Motivated Attack in Lake Los Angeles Park”; 29 FEB 2016; http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/racially-motivated-attack-lake-los-angelesdeadly-weapon-370456321.html; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); TV News Station. 12 (U); Matt Hamilton; LA Times; “3 men are charged with hate crimes in an attack on Latinos at an L.A. County park”; 3 MAR16; http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-hate-crime-charges-latino-victims-20160303-story.html; accessed on 18 AUG 2016; (U); Newspaper. 13 (U//FOUO); DHS; Analytic Exchange between I&A Intelligence Officer and Los Angeles PD; 24 AUG 2016; Extracted information is U//FOUO; Overall exchange classification is U//FOUO. 14 U); Indybay.com—Central Valley; “Shut Down Nazi Rally in Sacramento“; https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2016/05/15/18786453.php; accessed on 26 Aug 2016; (U); Web forum associated with anarchists. 15 (U); AP News Turk; "Video captures violent clashes at Sacramento 'Nazi' rally: Apnewsturk””; 26 JUN 2016; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJaNTHp4Za8; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Turkish News Source newspaper. 16 (U); Associated Press; "Officers Hurt in Occupy Clash at State Capitol”; 27 FEB 2012; https://www.yahoo.com/news/officers-hurt-occupy-clash-calif-capitol-234713894.html?ref=gs; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Online news service. 17 (U//FOUO); DHS; Analytic Exchange between I&A Intelligence Officer and Sacramento PD; 22 AUG 2016; Extracted information is U//FOUO; Overall exchange classification is U//FOUO. 18 (U); Joseph Adelman; San Jose Mercury News (AP); “Tensions rise at LA neo-Nazi protest”; 10 APR 2010; http://www.mercurynews.com/california/ci_14908018; accessed on 10 APR 2014; (U); Newspaper. 19 (U); ABC 7 News; "3 Stabbed at KKK Gathering, Including 1 with a Flag Pole”; 28 FEB 2016; http://abc7ny.com/news/3stabbed-at-kkk-gathering-in-california-including-1-with-flag-pole/1221935/; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Local online news source. 20 (U); DHS; Analytic Exchange between I&A Intelligence Officer and Sacramento PD; 21 JUL 2016; Extracted information is U//FOUO; Overall exchange classification is U//FOUO. 21 (U); Its Going Down; “Choosing Sides, Getting Organized”; 8 JUL 2016; https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:vR5qfUyC18cJ:https://itsgoingdown.org/blood-in-the-valleynazis-sacramento-shut-down-june-26th/+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us; accessed 24 JUL 2016; (U); Anti-racism web site. 22 (U); Cult Nation; "Cult Nation Captures Anti-Racists vs. White Supremacists in Sacramento”; 18 JUL 2016; http://www.cvltnation.com/cvlt-nation-captures-antifa-vs-skinheads-sacramento/; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Online news blog 23 (U); NY Post; "Brutal Melee at neo-Nazi Event Leaves Several Stabbed”; 26 JUN 2016; http://nypost.com/2016/06/26/several-stabbed-after-brutal-melee-at-neo-nazi-protest/; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Online news source. 24 (U); LA Times; "Ku Klux Klan Rally”; 27 FEB 2016; http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-kkk-rally-anaheim-20160227pictures-009-photo.html; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Online newspaper. 1 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 14 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U); Sacramento Bee; "At Least 10 Hurt at Bloody, Chaotic Neo-Nazi Rally at State Capitol”; 26 JUN 2016; http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/crime/article86099332.html; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Local online newspaper. 26 (U); Seattle Times; "Vandals Target Photographer, Olympia Newspaper’s Office”; 10 JUN 2011; http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/vandals-target-photographer-olympia-newspapers-office/; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Newspaper. 27 (U); The Local IT; "Italian Anarchist Group Claims Parcel Bomb”; 12 APR 2013; http://www.thelocal.it/20130412/italiananarchist-group-claims-bomb-threatens-media; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Online Italian news service. 28 (U); Sacramento Bee; "At Least 10 Hurt at Chaotic, Bloody neo-Nazi rally at Capitol”; 26 JUN 2016; http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/crime/article86099332.html; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Local online newspaper. 29 (U); Sacramento Bee; "Anti-fascist protesters confront TV crew California Capitol”; 26 JUN 2016; http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/crime/article86092797.html; accessed on 26 JUL 2016; (U); Local online newspaper. 30 (U); Olympia Police Department; Incident Report-2015-3155; 21 MAY 2015; Extracted information is U//LES; Overall document classification is U//LES. 31 (U); Rolf Boone; The Olympian; “Protesters Clash with White Supremacists in Downtown Olympia”; 31 MAY 2015; http://www.theolympian.com/news/local/article26135806.html; accessed 14 OCT 2015; (U); Newspaper blog. 32 (U); Rick Neale; Florida Today; “Accused Supremacist with Brevard Ties Sentenced” 10 NOV 2014; http://www.floridatoday.com/story/news/local/2014/11/10/american-front-leader-sentenced/18818065/; accessed 4 MAR 2016; (U); News service. 33 (U); Court of the Ninth Judicial Circuit In and For Osceola County, Florida; “State of Florida vs Marcus Faella--Circuit Court Case No: 1RCF1748A, Agency Case No: 266N-TP-74050”; 3 May 2012; DOI: 3 MAY 2012; Extracted information is UNCLASSIFIED; Overall document classification is UNCLASSIFIED. 34 (U); Henry Pierson Curtis; Orlando Sentinel; “All charges dropped against two American Front members just before trial starts,” 1 APR 2013; http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-04-01/news/os-american-front-trial-starts20130401_1_marcus-faella-american-front-arrests; accessed on 12 JUN 2013; (U); Newspaper. 35 (U); Henry Pierson Curtis; Orlando Sentinel; “Former Leader of Neo-Nazi Group gets New Lawyer to Fight Conviction”; 1 APR 2013; http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/breaking-news/os-marcus-faella-american-front-appeal-20141205story.html; accessed 12 JUN 2013; (U); Newspaper. 36 (U); Andy Grimm; Chicago Tribune; “5 plead guilty in anti-racist attack at Tinley Park restaurant’; 04 JAN 2013; http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/tinley-park/chi-5-plead-guilty-in-antiracist-attack-at-tinley-park-restaurant20130104-story.html; accessed on 13 JUL 2015; (U); News service. 37 (U); Anonymous; Southside Anti-Racist Action Website; “5th Annual White Nationalist Economic Summit Smashed, Several Hospitalized”; 20 MAY 2012; http://southsideantifa.blogspot.com/search/label/Actions%20amp%3B%20Events; accessed on 04 MAR 2015; (U); Anti-racist blog. 38 (U); FBI; SIR-00018524723; 19 JUN 2015; DOI 19 JUN 2015; (U//LES); “Call for Action on 25 July by Anarchists Supporting Imprisoned Anti-Fascist Activists, As of Mid-June 2015”; Extracted information is U//LES; Overall document classification is U//LES. 39 (U); CNN Staff; CNN “Planned neo-Nazi march sparks violence”;15 OCT 2005; http://www.cnn.com/2005/US/10/15/nazi.march/; accessed 4 MAR 2016; (U); News Service. 40 (U); Anonymous; Razed Fist Revolution?! Blog; “The Toledo Anti-Racist Riots”; 27 OCT 2005; http://cc.bingj.com/cache.aspx?q=nsm++toledo+riot&d=4577899537041679&mkt=en-US&setlang=enUS&w=qwt4chyOMeohyZX51WSAFGLNp5OXcvjb; accessed on 4 MAR 2015; (U); Anarchist support blog. 41 (U); Unknown Author; Anarchism.net—“The Well-Known Symbol of Anarchism”; 12 SEPT 2016; http://www.anarchism.net/symbol_ca.htm; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Anarchist Web site. 42 (U); Unknown Author; Soutside Antifa Blog—“July 31 Day of Action Against Fascism and Racism”; 5 JUL 2011; http://southsideantifa.blogspot.com/2011/07/july-31-day-of-action-against-fascism.html; accessed on 29 MAR 2016; (U); Anti-racist blog with anti-racist image. 43 (U); Unknown Author; York Antifa Twitter—“Kurdish Fighters Displaying the Antifascist Flag in Front of An ISIS Billboard”; 3 JUL 2015; https://twitter.com/york_antifa/status/617058190249828352; accessed on 29 MAR 2016; (U); Anti-racist social media page. 44 (U); Unknown Author; Antifa Hungary; “Anti-Nazi Symbol”; 12 SEPT 2016; http://antifahungary.blogspot.com/2012/03/double-standard.html; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Anti-fascist blog page. 45 (U); Anti-fascist Musician; “Loikaemie-Good Night White Pride”; 29 SEPT 2012; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnGB4ZDaGgk; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Anti-fascist social media page. 46 (U); Micetrap Distribution LLC; “KKK MIOAK Ku Klux Klan Blood Drop Cross 3 Inch Iron On Patch”; 12 SEPT 2016; http://www.micetrap.net/shop/catalog/mioak-klux-klan-blood-drop-cross-inch-iron-patch-p-4066.html; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Online merchandiser. 47 (U); Micetrap Distribution LLC; “Skinhead Boots with Red Laces 2 ¼ Inch Magnet”; 12 SEPT 2016; http://www.micetrap.net/shop/catalog/skinhead-boots-with-laces-inch-magnet-p-2993.html; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Online merchandiser. 48 (U); BBC News; “Top US Court Takes Klan Symbol Case”; 10 DEC 2002; http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/2564097.stm; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Online news source. 25 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 15 of 16 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE (U); Brighton Anti-fascists; “Guide to Far Right Symbols”; 2 FEB 2012; https://brightonantifascists.com/2015/02/02/guide-tofar-right-symbols/; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Anti-racist Web site. 50 (U); Redbubble.com; “Valknut—Metal Prints”; 12 SEPT 2016; http://www.redbubble.com/shop/valknut+metal-prints; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Online merchandiser. 51 (U); AliExpress; “Men's Viking Thor's Hammer Mjolnir Lion 316L Stainless Steel Pendant Necklace Chain Punk Jewelry”; 12 SEPT 2016; https://www.aliexpress.com/store/product/Min-Order-20-mixed-Order-Men-s-Viking-Thor-s-HammerMjolnir-Lion-316L-Stainless-Steel/113871_1176571759.html; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Online merchandiser. 52 (U); German-helmets.com; “Waffen-SS”; 12 SEPT 2016; http://www.german-helmets.com/WAFFEN-SS_MAIN.htm; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Online reference guide to German WWII military helmets. ACCESSED ON DATE 53 (U); Media Mouse blog; “YAF Blog Reportedly Shutting Down”; 24 NOV 2008; https://mediamousearchive.wordpress.com/tag/yaf/; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Online news blog. 54 (U) Keyword-Suggestions.com; “Zyklon B Related Keywords & Suggestions”; 12 SEPT 2016; https://p2.liveauctioneers.com/1056/41501/17946226_1_l.jpg; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Online keyword/image search engine. 55 (U); Brighton Anti-fascists; “Guide to Far Right Symbols”; 02 FEB 2012; https://brightonantifascists.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/blacksun.jpeg; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Anti-racist Web site. 56 (U); Wikiwand; “Nazister och rasistiska grupper”; 12 SEP 2016; http://www.wikiwand.com/sv/Triskele; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Online article about Triskele symbol. 57 (U); Streetrace.com; “Saab 9-3 SS 20”; 7 JAN 2010; http://www.streetrace.org/foorum/viewtopic.php?p=1630142; accessed on 12 SEPT 2016; (U); Web forum on street racing. 49 UNCLASSIFIED//LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE Page 16 of 16 CLASSIFICATION: UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Office of Intelligence and Analysis Customer Feedback Form Product Title: (U//FOUO) California: Recent Violent Clashes Suggest Heightened Threat Environment at Lawfully Organized Whit 1. Please select partner type: Select One and function: Select One 2. What is the highest level of intelligence information that you receive? Select One 3. Please complete the following sentence: “I focus most of my time on:” Select One 4. Please rate your satisfaction with each of the following: Very Satisfied Somewhat Satisfied Neither Satisfied nor Dissatisfied Somewhat Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied N/A Product’s overall usefulness Product’s relevance to your mission Product’s timeliness Product’s responsiveness to your intelligence needs 5. How do you plan to use this product in support of your mission? (Check all that apply.) Drive planning and preparedness efforts, training, and/or emergency response operations Observe, identify, and/or disrupt threats Share with partners Allocate resources (e.g. equipment and personnel) Reprioritize organizational focus Author or adjust policies and guidelines Initiate a law enforcement investigation Initiate your own regional-specific analysis Initiate your own topic-specific analysis Develop long-term homeland security strategies Do not plan to use Other: 6. To further understand your response to question #5, please provide specific details about situations in which you might use this product. 7. What did this product not address that you anticipated it would? 8. To what extent do you agree with the following two statements? Strongly Agree Agree Neither Agree nor Disagree Disagree Strongly Disagree N/A This product will enable me to make better decisions regarding this topic. This product provided me with intelligence information I did not find elsewhere. 9. How did you obtain this product? Select One 10. Would you be willing to participate in a follow-up conversation about your feedback? To help us understand more about your organization so we can better tailor future products, please provide: Name: Position: Organization: State: Contact Number: Email: Yes Submit Request Privacy Act Statement CLASSIFICATION: Product Serial Number: UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY IA-0222-16 REV: 29 October 2014